salga draft reportfinal v1 2 - ipcc
TRANSCRIPT
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='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!),+!2)=+!*9!35OG5T!
4M! R;TRL1K!L"!C[K!TK1K%T+[!!
M:+!74,79(+!9;! *:+! ,+(+),6:!E)(! *9! 690=46*!)! (6'+0*';'6! ,+(+),6:! '0*+,F+0*'90! *9!=+*+,2'0+! *:+!
(*)*4(! e49! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! E'*:'0! *:+! 896)8! (7:+,+! 9;! G9F+,02+0*! '0684='01! )88!
6)*+19,'+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!
!
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M:+!,+(+),6:!)==,+((+=!*:+!;9889E'01!e4+(*'90(C!
!
• A:)*!),+! *:+! '0(*'*4*'90)8!),,)01+2+0*(! P(*,46*4,+(R! (*);;R! ,+(94,6+(!)0=! ,+79,*'01Q!9;! *:+!
F),'94(!6)*+19,'+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!P'0684='01!9,1)0(!9;!(*)*+Qh!
• M9!E:)*!+W*+0*!:)(!*:+!,+e4',+2+0*(!9;!*:+!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!56*!)0=!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!
/)0)1+2+0*!J,)2+E9,.!>++0! '278+2+0*+=!>?!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!9,1)0(!9;! (*)*+!)*! 896)8!
240'6'7)8!8+F+8h!
• A:)*! ),+! *:+! ='F'('90! 9;! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+*E++0! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*(R!
='(*,'6*R!2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(h!
• A:)*! ),+! *:+! ;'0)06')8! 6922'*2+0*(! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*!
8+F+8h!
• A:)*!),+!*:+!1)7(!>+*E++0!*:+!7,979(+=!'278+2+0*)*'90!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!
*:+!)6*4)8!('*4)*'90!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8h!
• A:)*!,+6922+0=)*'90(!6)0!>+!2)=+!*9!35OG5!'0!9,=+,!*9!>,'=1+!*:+!+W'(*'01!1)7(!E'*:'0!'*(!
2)0=)*+h!
!
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M:+!9>N+6*'F+(!9;!*:+!,+(+),6:!E+,+!*9C!
!
• &+*+,2'0+!*:+!'0(*'*4*'90)8!),,)01+2+0*(!P(*,46*4,+(R!(*);;R!,+(94,6+(!)0=!,+79,*'01Q!9;!*:+!
F),'94(!6)*+19,'+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!P'0684='01!9,1)0(!9;!(*)*+QT!
• LF)84)*+! *9! E:)*! +W*+0*! :)F+! *:+! ,+e4',+2+0*(! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 56*! )0=!
@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!J,)2+E9,.!>++0!'278+2+0*+=!>?!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!9,1)0(!
9;!(*)*+!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8!8+F+8T!
• 50)8?(+! *:+! ='F'('90! 9;! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+*E++0! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*(R!
='(*,'6*R!2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!
• &+*+,2'0+! )0=! ='(64((! *:+! ;'0)06')8! 6922'*2+0*(! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*! 896)8!
19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T!
• LF)84)*+!*:+!1)7(!>+*E++0!*:+!7,979(+=!'278+2+0*)*'90!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!
*:+!)6*4)8!('*4)*'90!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T!
• /).+!,+6922+0=)*'90(!*9!35OG5!'0!9,=+,!*9!>,'=1+!*:+!+W'(*'01!1)7(!E'*:'0!'*(!2)0=)*+T!
!
IM! >KC[L/LELZY!!
IM6! T,0,#')8!3,0(F*!!
M:+!2+*:9=9891?!4(+=!'0!*:'(!(*4=?!6927,'(+=!*E9!,+(+),6:!7,96+=4,+(C!)!8'*+,)*4,+!(*4=?!)0=!)0!
+27','6)8! ,+(+),6:! '0*+,F+0*'90T! _2#$(-#-(<,! #*3! ]2#*-(-#-(<,! ,+(+),6:! 7),)='12(! E+,+! 4(+=T!
_4)8'*)*'F+! =)*)! E)(! 6988+6*+=! >?! 2+)0(! 9;! *+8+7:90'6! )0=! (+2'V(*,46*4,+=! '0*+,F'+E(T!!
_4)0*'*)*'F+!=)*)!E)(!6988+6*+=!>?!2+)0(!9;!e4+(*'900)',+(T!!
!
"#$#$! %&'()*'+)(!,'+-.!
!
5! ('10';'6)0*! )2940*! 9;! '0;9,2)*'90! )0=! =)*)! )8,+)=?! +W'(*(! E'*:'0! )88! *:,++! (7:+,+(! 9;!
G9F+,02+0*! ,+8)*'01! *9! *:+! 7:+092+090! 40=+,! '0F+(*'1)*'90T! U0! 9,=+,! *9! 14'=+! *:+! +27','6)8!
64! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
,+(+),6:! '0*+,F+0*'90R! )! *:9,941:! 8'*+,)*4,+! ,+F'+E! 9;! +W'(*'01! =9642+0*(! E)(! 0+6+((),?T! 588!
)F)'8)>8+! 8'*+,)*4,+!'0!G9F+,02+0*!,+8)*'01!*9!*:+!,+(+),6:!e4+(*'90(!E)(!,+F'+E+=T!U0!7),*'648),!
*:+!;9889E'01!=9642+0*(!E+,+!4(+=C!
!
• 5004)8! S,9F'06')8! ,+79,*(! 90! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! *9! *:+! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,!
/)0)1+2+0*!<+0*,+g!
• &'(*,'6*!)0=!2+*,9798'*)0!,+79,*(!*9!S,9F'06')8!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!<+0*,+(g!
• 5004)8!7,91,+((!,+79,*(!>?!*:+!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!<+0*,+g!
• -+79,*(!>?!F),'94(!9,1)0(!9;!(*)*+!*9!*:+!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!<+0*,+g!
• O96)8R!='(*,'6*!)(!E+88!)(!2+*,9798'*)0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(g!)0=!!
• S,+F'94(!,+(+),6:!690=46*+=!90!*:+!7:+092+0)T!
!
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!
M:+!0)*4,+!)0=!+W*+0*!9;!*:'(!,+(+),6:!'0*+,F+0*'90!0+6+(('*)*+(!*:+!;488!'0F98F+2+0*!9;!*:+!*),1+*!
79748)*'90R! :9E+F+,R! =4+! *9! *:+! *'2+! 690(*,)'0*(! *:+! ,+(+),6:! E)(! >)(+=! 90! )! ,+7,+(+0*)*'F+!
()278+!9;!*:+!*9*)8!79748)*'90T!!
!
_2,0-(.**#(',0!
_4+(*'900)',+(! E+,+! +V2)'8+=! *9! *:+! (*);;! ,+(790('>8+! ;9,! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*! *:+!
/40'6'7)8! P/+*,9! )0=! &'(*,'6*Q! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! <+0*,+(R! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! )0=!
,+7,+(+0*)*'F+(!;,92!240'6'7)8!=+7),*2+0*(!'0!394*:!5;,'6)!'0!9,=+,!*9!9>*)'0!97+,)*'90)8!
'0;9,2)*'90! ,+1),='01! *:+! 7,+(+0*! (*)*4(! 9;! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! E'*:'0! )88!
240'6'7)8'*'+(T!U0!+W6+7*'90)8!6)(+(!e4+(*'900)',+(!E+,+!;)W+=!*9!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!
! !
1#?D$(*F!3,0(F*!
M:+!*9*)8!79748)*'90!690('(*(!9;!('W!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(R!ba!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)(!
E+88! )(! $`%! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0! 394*:! 5;,'6)T! 588! ('W! 2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(! E+,+!
'0684=+=!'0!*:+!()278+T!
!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! 6I!
!
Figure 1: Response distribution per type of municipality
!
3*,)*';'+=! ,)0=92! ()278'01! :)(! >++0! 4(+=! '0! +)6:! 7,9F'06+! *9! '=+0*';?! *:+! ='(*,'6*! )0=! 896)8!
240'6'7)8'*'+(!*:)*!;9,2+=!7),*!9;!*:+!()278+T!&4+!*9!*'2+!)0=!69(*!690(*,)'0*(!*:+!,+(+),6:!E)(!
>)(+=! 90! )! $"! 7+,6+0*! PiQ! ,+7,+(+0*)*'F+! ()278+! 9;! )88! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0! +)6:! 7,9F'06+T!
3'278+!,)0=92!()278'01!E)(!4(+=!*9!'=+0*';?!*:+!6:9(+0!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0!+)6:!7,9F'06+T!
588!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0!*:+!(+8+6*+=!='(*,'6*^(!;9,2+=!7),*!9;!*:+!()278+!40*'8!)!()*4,)*'90!79'0*!
9;!$"!7+,6+0*!PiQ!:)(!>++0!,+)6:+=!'0!*:+!7,9F'06+T!!3+F+0*++0!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!XX!896)8!
240'6'7)8'*'+(!;9,2+=!7),*!9;!*:+!()278+T! !
!
Table 1: Research sample breakdown ! E.)#$! >,-'.! /(0-'()-!C.-#$!D.D2$#-(.*! $`%! a! ba!1#?D$,! XX! a! %\!C.-#$!',0D.*3,*-0! IO! N! 64!
!
M:+!(*,)*';'+=!,)0=92!()278+!7,9=46+=!*:+!;9889E'01!='(*,'>4*'90!7+,!7,9F'06+T!
!
6S! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
Table 2: Stratified ramdom sample per province
R'.<(*),! /(0-'()-! >,-'.! E.)#$! 1#?D$,!R,'),*-!
1#?D$,!!!+.2*-!
O'27979! $! "! a! %"R$Xi! #!G)4*+01! %! `! $! \Radi! a!/742)8)01)! $! "! b! \Radi! a!@9,*:VA+(*! $! "! \! %%RX`i! d!@9,*:+,0!<)7+! %! "! X! \Tadi! a!IE)c484V@)*)8! `! %! %%! %dR$`i! %X!J,++!3*)*+! $! "! #! %$R#$i! %"!L)(*+,0!<)7+! `! %! \! %bR%i! %%!A+(*+,0!<)7+! %! %! X! #Rd\i! \!CLC%E! 6P! O! NN! ! PX!!
U0! (92+! 6)(+(R! 7,9F'06+(! )0=! ='(*,'6*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! ='(*,'>4*+=! *:+! e4+(*'900)',+! *9! 9*:+,!
240'6'7)8'*'+(!E:'6:!='=!09*!;9,2!7),*!9;!*:+!9,'1'0)8!()278+T!M:+!,+(48*(R!:9E+F+,R!(:9E(!*:)*!*:+!
'0684('90! 9;! *:+! )=='*'90)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! ),+! (*)*'(*'6)88?! '0('10';'6)0*! )0=! *:+?!E+,+! )889E+=! )(!
7),*!9;!*:+!,+790(+(T!
!!
Table 3: Response distribution per province
R'.<(*),! /(0-'()-! >,-'.! E.)#$! T,0D.*0,!R,'),*-!
T,0D.*0,!+.2*-!
O'27979! "! "! `! XR\i! `!G)4*+01! %! `! "! \RXi! b!/742)8)01)! %! "! b! dRbi! X!@9,*:VA+(*! $! "! b! %%R`i! a!@9,*:+,0!<)7+! "! "! `! XR\i! `!IE)c484V@)*)8! $! "! d! $"R#i! %%!J,++!3*)*+! %! "! b! dRbi! X!L)(*+,0!<)7+! b! %! `! %XR%i! #!A+(*+,0!<)7+! %!! %!! a!! %XR%i! #!CLC%E! 64! N! IO! ! NI!
1,?(90-'2)-2',3!(*-,'<(,U0!!
3+2'V(*,46*4,+=! '0*+,F'+E(! E+,+! :+8=! E'*:! ,+7,+(+0*)*'F+(! 9;! *:+! =+7),*2+0*! 9;!
<997+,)*'F+! G9F+,0)06+! )0=! M,)='*'90)8! 5;;)',(! P<[GM5Q! )0=! 35OG5! 90! 0)*'90)8! 8+F+8R!
E:'6:! ;406*'90! E'*:'0! ;96)8! ),+)(! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*R! '0! 9,=+,! *9! 9>*)'0!
'0;9,2)*'90!,+1),='01!*:+!(*,)*+1?R! '278+2+0*)*'90R!798'6?!)0=!14'=+8'0+(!9;!='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)T!
!
C,$,D8.*,!(*-,'<(,U0!!!
M+8+7:90+! '0*+,F'+E(!E+,+!:+8=!E'*:!(+8+6*+=!/+2>+,(!9;!LW+64*'F+!<922'**++(!P/L<(Q!!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! 6N!
!
P0j`Q!)0=!69406'889,(!P0j%\QR!,+(790('>8+!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*R!'0!9,=+,!*9!9>*)'0!
'0;9,2)*'90!,+1),='01!*:+!798'*'6)8!290'*9,'01!)0=!9F+,('1:*!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!
798'6'+(!)0=!(*,)*+1'+(T!!
!!
M+8+7:90+! '0*+,F'+E(!E+,+!)8(9!:+8=!E'*:!90+!090V19F+,02+0*)8!9,1)0'()*'90! P@G[Q!7+,!
7,9F'06+!)0=!E'*:!,+7,+(+0*)*'F+(!9;!7),)(*)*)8(! '0!9,=+,!*9!9>*)'0! '0;9,2)*'90!,+1),='01!
*:+',!;964(!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!!
!
Table 4: Telephone respondents T,0D.*3,*-0! 72?B,'!
/L<(! `!<9406'889,(! %\!@G[(! d!S),)(*)*)8(! $!
!
J9,!*:+!().+!9;!)090?2'*?R!*:+!+W)6*!7),)(*)*)8(R!@G[(R!7,9F'06+(!9;!/L<(!)0=!240'6'7)8'*'+(!9;!
69406'889,(!E:9!,+(790=+=!6)009*!>+!='(689(+=T!!
!
Figure 2: Gender distribution of respondents per type of municipality
!
!
!
!
!
!
6O! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
"#$#"! 0*'*!1*5'+)&467!*4*3.,&,!*4-!&4'()5)('*'&24!
!
588!=)*)!E+,+!6)7*4,+=!)0=!)0)8?(+=!*:,941:!*:+!4(+!9;!69274*+,V>)(+=!,+(+),6:!6)7*4,'01!)0=!
)0)8?('(!7,91,)2(T!5!*+)2!9;!,+(+),6:+,(! '0*+,7,+*+=!*:+!=)*)T!D9*:!e4)8'*)*'F+!)0=!e4)0*'*)*'F+!
'0*+,7,+*)*'90! E)(! 40=+,*).+0! P(++! 3+6*'90! X! >+89EQT! Y),'94(! *:+2+(! )0=! 6)*+19,'+(R! )(! *:+?!
+2+,1+=!;,92!*:+!=)*)R!E+,+!'=+0*';'+=!P'0!8'0+!E'*:!*:+!,+(+),6:!9>N+6*'F+(QT!M:+(+!*:+2+(!)0=!
6)*+19,'+(!>+6)2+!*:+!;,)2+E9,.!;9,!*:+!'0*+,7,+*)*'90!9;!*:+!=)*)T!!!!!
!
"#$#8! 9':&1*3!124,&-()*'&24,!
!
S),*'6'7)*'90! '0! *:+! ,+(+),6:! E)(! F9840*),?! )0=! )090?294(T! S),*'6'7)0*(! E+,+! 09*! ;9,6+=! *9!
)0(E+,!)0?!9,!)88!9;! *:+!e4+(*'90(! '0!7),*'648),R! )0=!6948=!='(690*'04+! *:+',!7),*'6'7)*'90! '0! *:+!
,+(+),6:! )*! )0?! 79'0*T! M:+! ,+(+),6:!E)(! 690=46*+=! '0! 8'0+! )0=! )=:+,+06+! *9! *:+! 14'=+8'0+(! ;9,!
+*:'6)8!,+(+),6:!9;!*:+!@9,*:VA+(*!B0'F+,('*?T!
!
]9E+F+,R! >+;9,+! *:+! +27','6)8! ;'0='01(! 9;! *:+! ,+(+),6:! 6)0! >+! 7,+(+0*+=R! '*! '(! 6,46')8! *9! ;',(*!
+(*)>8'(:! )! *:+9,+*'6)8! ;940=)*'90! 90! E:'6:! *:+! ,+(+),6:! '(! 1,940=+=T! M:+! ;9889E'01! 8'*+,)*4,+!
,+F'+E! E'88! )8(9! )(('(*! *:+! 8)?7+,(90! '0! 40=+,(*)0='01! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )0=! '*(!
'0(*'*4*'90)8!690*+W*!E'*:'0!*:+!394*:!5;,'6)0!74>8'6!(+6*9,!+0F',902+0*T!
!
SM!!E@CKT%C;TK!TKA@K:V!!/@1%1CKT!T@1\!>%7%ZK>K7C!!!
SM6!!C8,!3(0#0-,'!'(0W!).*-,`-V!#!$(-,'#-2',!',<(,U!!
]'(*9,?! :)(! (:9E0! *:)*! (96'+*'+(! (4(*)'0! )004)8! 89((+(! =4+! *9! *:+! '27)6*! 9;! 0)*4,)8! )0=!
)0*:,9791+0'6! :)H),=(T! 346:! 89((+(! :)F+! '0!2)0?! '0(*)06+(! 8+)=! *9! *:+! +F+0*! >+'01! 8)>+88+=! k)!
='()(*+,lT!U0!29(*!'0(*)06+(!(46:!09*)*'90!E+,+!8'0.+=!*9!*:+!+W*+0*!9;!*:+!=+F)(*)*'90R!89((!9;!8';+!
)0=! 8'F+8':99=(! )0=! )! 1+0+,)8! ,+8')06+! 90! 94*('=+! :+87T! M:+! 09*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,! :)(R! :9E+F+,R!
40=+,190+!)!=,)2)*'6!*,)0(;9,2)*'90!9;!2+)0'01!9F+,!*'2+!P(++!*:+!E9,.!9;!_4),)0*+88'R!%dd#QT!U0!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! 6P!
!
*:+!+),8?!=+F+8972+0*!9;!:42)0.'0=!)0=!6'F'8'()*'90(R!2)0?R! ';!09*!29(*R!9;!*:+!648*4,+(!),940=!
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&4+!*9! *:+!(*,46*4,+!9;! 896)8!19F+,02+0*! '0!394*:!5;,'6)R! *:+!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!56*! '(!e4'*+!
(7+6';'6!90!*:+!'0*+,)6*'90!>+*E++0!2+*,9798'*)0R!='(*,'6*!)0=!896)8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(T!
&'(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!P<)*+19,?!<Q!;',(*!0++=!*9!690(48*!E'*:!*:+!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!P<)*+19,?!DQ!
'0! *:+',! ),+)! 9;! ,+(790('>'8'*?! 90! *:+! +(*)>8'(:2+0*! )0=! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;! *:+! )>9F+! ='()(*+,!
2)0)1+2+0*!'0(*'*4*'90)8!),,)01+2+0*(!P(++!3+6*'90!!b`!9;!*:+!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!56*QT!
!
58*:941:! 90! 97+,)*'90)8! 8+F+8! '0! *+,2(! 9;! 0)*'90)8! 798'6?! '278+2+0*)*'90R! *:+! 896)8! (7:+,+! 9;!
19F+,02+0*! (*'88! :)(! )0!9>8'1)*'90! *9! +0(4,+! 199=R! 7,97+,! )0=! )66+7*+=!2)0)1+2+0*!7,)6*'6+(!
*:,941:!*:+!=+F+8972+0*!9;!(*,)*+1'6!798'6+(!;9,!'*(!9E0!;406*'90)8'*?T!M:+!798'6?V2).'01!7,96+((!
90!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!:)(!)8,+)=?!>++0!+(*)>8'(:+=R!)0=!;9,!*:'(!74,79(+!798'*'6)8!6922'**++(!
=,'F+! *:'(! 7,)6*'6+T! U*! 6)0! >+! ),14+=! *:)*! *:+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 798'6?V2).'01! 7,96+((!
(:948=! ;9889E! *:+! ()2+! ,94*+! )(! *:)*! 9;! 0)*'90)8! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*T! J9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!74,79(+(!'*!'(!*:+,+;9,+!'279,*)0*!*:)*!)!68+),!'0='6)*'90!9;!*:+!798'*'6)8!'0642>+0*!
;9,!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!'(!2)=+!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T!!
!
M:+!394*:!5;,'6)0!O96)8!G9F+,02+0*!5((96')*'90!P35OG5QR!)(!*:+!9;;'6')8!8+1'(8)*+=!,+7,+(+0*)*'F+!
9;! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*R! :)(! )! F+(*+=! '0*+,+(*! '0! *:+! (466+((;48! '278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,!
/)0)1+2+0*!56*!)0=!S98'6?!J,)2+E9,.T!U0!9,=+,!*9!(466+((;488?!(4779,*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!)0=!*9!
)(('(*! E'*:! ;964(+=! 6)7)6'*?! +0:)06+2+0*R! 35OG5! 0++=! )! 68+),! 40=+,(*)0='01! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*! E'*:'0! *:+! 896)8! (7:+,+! 9;! G9F+,02+0*T! M:+! (+6*'90(! *9! ;9889E!E'88! +27:)('(! *:+!
+27','6)8!;'0='01(!9;!*:+!,+(+),6:T!
!
NM!!K>R@T@+%E!"@7/@7Z1!!
U0! 9,=+,! *9! +0(4,+! )! (*,46*4,+=! )77,9)6:! *9! *:+! 7,+(+0*)*'90! 9;! *:+! ,+(+),6:! ;'0='01(R! *:+!
+27','6)8!+F'=+06+!*9!;9889E!:)(!>++0!1,947+=!)8901!*:+!;9889E'01!.+?!*:+2+(C!
!
• U0(*'*4*'90)8!),,)01+2+0*(!;9,!*:+!F),'94(!6)*+19,'+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(g!
• U278+2+0*)*'90!9;!8+1)8!;,)2+E9,.(g!
• &'F'('90! 9;! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+*E++0! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*(R! ='(*,'6*R!
4O! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(g!)0=!
• J'0)06')8!6922'*2+0*(!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)8!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T!
!
M:+!(+6*'90(!*9!;9889E!E'88!7,9F'=+!)0!'0V=+7*:!)0)8?('(!9;!*:+!*:+2+(!)(!=+(6,'>+=!)>9F+T!
!
NM6!@*0-(-2-(.*#$!#''#*F,?,*-0!.&!-8,!<#'(.20!)#-,F.'(,0!.&!?2*()(D#$(-(,0!!!
;#$#$! !0&,*,'()!)&,<!=*4*6(=(4'!,')+1'+)(,!
!M:+!394*:!5;,'6)0!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!S98'6?!J,)2+E9,.!)0=!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!56*!
6)88(! ;9,! *:+! 6,+)*'90! 9;! 6+,*)'0! '0(*'*4*'90)8! ),,)01+2+0*(R! '0! 9,=+,! *9! )(('(*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!+0*'*'+(!90!)88! *'+,(!9;! 19F+,02+0*! *9! 6),,?!94*! *:+',! 8+1)8!2)0=)*+T!M:+! ;9889E'01!
(+6*'90! E'88! =+(6,'>+! *:+! ,+(48*(! )(! '*! )778'+(! *9! 240'6'7)8'*'+(T! J'14,+! `! >+89E! ,+7,+(+0*(! *:+!
)F+,)1+!7+,6+7*'90!9;!;406*'90'01!9;!*:+!F),'94(!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!E'*:'0!896)8R!
='(*,'6*!)0=!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*?T!M:+!(+6*'90(!*9!;9889E!7,9F'=+!29,+!=+*)'8!90!*:+!;'0='01(!
7+,!240'6'7)8'*?!*?7+T!
Figure 3: Functioning of Disaster Risk Management structures within all municipalities
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! 4P!
!
Figure 4: Functioning of Disaster Risk Management structures per province (KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Eastern- and Western Cape)
Figure 5: Functioning of Disaster Risk Management structures per province (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North-West and Northern Cape)
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
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!
CDEDEDE(!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(F&,%'&#(!
M:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!)*!O96)8!G9F+,02+0*! 8+F+8! '(!)! 8+1'(8)*+=!
6927+*+06+! 9;! ='(*,'6*! )0=!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(T! U0! *9*)8! Xbi! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! 690;',2+=!
*:)*! *:+',! 896)8R! ='(*,'6*! 9,! 2+*,9! :)(! )! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+! '0! '*(! :'+,),6:'6)8!
(*,46*4,+T! [;! *:+! b"i! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! *:)*! 690;',2+=! *:)*! *:+?! =90f*! :)F+! )! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+R!)829(*!Xai!E+,+!;,92!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!M:'(!'(!09*!(4,7,'('01!'0!*:+!8'1:*!
9;! *:+! ('8+06+! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 56*! 90! *:+! '0(*'*4*'90)8! ),,)01+2+0*(! ;9,! 896)8!
240'6'7)8'*?! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! M:'(! '(! )0! 9>F'94(! '((4+! E:'6:! 0++=(! =',+6*! )**+0*'90T!
5=='*'90)88?R! )! ;4,*:+,! ai! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E+,+! 09*! (4,+! ';! *:+?! :)F+! )! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+!)*!)88T!
!
Figure 6: Percentage of municipalities with an established Disaster Risk Management Centre
!
U0!*+,2(!9;!*:+!;406*'90'01!9;!*:+(+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(R!b"i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!
()'=! *:)*! *:+',! <+0*,+(! ),+! ;406*'90'01! )*! )! F+,?! 89E! 8+F+8! )0=! bai! 9;! ='(*,'6*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(!
'0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+',! 6+0*,+(! ),+! ;406*'90'01! 7),*')88?! E'*:! ,992! ;9,! '27,9F+2+0*T! 3+F+0*?V;'F+!
7+,6+0*! P\XiQ! 9;!2+*,9(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+',! 6+0*,+(! ),+! ;406*'90'01!E+88R!E:'8(*! *:+! ,+2)'0'01!
$Xi!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+',!6+0*,+(!),+!;406*'90'01!F+,?!E+88T!M:+!:'1:!;'14,+!6)0!>+!)(6,'>+=!*9!*:+!
;)6*!*:)*!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)!:)(!)8E)?(!+0N9?+=!29,+!)**+0*'90!'0!4,>)0!6+0*,+(!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! 4Q!
!
)0=!)8(9R!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!:)F+!)! ;),!1,+)*+,!,+F+04+!>)(+!*:)0!29,+!,4,)8!)0=!7+,'V
4,>)0!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!='(*,'6*(T!M:+!,+(+),6:!>?!Y)0!-'+*!)0=!&'+=+,'6(!P$""dQ!6)0!)8(9!>+!
4(+=!*9!)0)8?(+!*:+!)>9F+T!M:+?!;940=!)!('10';'6)0*!89E!8+F+8!9;!;406*'90'01!9;!&-/<(!+(7+6')88?!'0!
240'6'7)8'*'+(! E:+,+! *:+! &-/<(! :)F+! 09*! >++0! )=+e4)*+8?! 78)6+=! '0! *:+! :'+,),6:?! 9;! *:+!
240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0!9,=+,!;9,!'*!*9!)6:'+F+!'*(!2)0=)*+T!
!
CDEDEDG(!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(18;"#5'=(H5'0.#(!
5(!2'1:*!>+!+W7+6*+=R!*:+!8)6.!9;!)!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+!)8(9!(++2(!*9!:)F+!)!.096.V
90!+;;+6*!90!*:+!+W'(*+06+!9;!)!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!5=F'(9,?!J9,42!P&-/5JQT!U0!*:'(!,+1),=!
a#i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!:)F+!09!&-/5J!'0!78)6+T!M:'(!'(!)8(9!)!6:)88+01+!)*!
='(*,'6*!8+F+8!E:+,+!$Xi!9;!,+(790=+0*(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!09*!:)F+!)!&-/5JR!)8*:941:!*:'(!'(!
)! 8+1)8! ,+e4',+2+0*! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*! 56*T! 588! 2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=!
*:)*! *:+?!:)F+!)!&-/5J! '0!78)6+T!58*:941:!09*!)! 8+1)8! ,+e4',+2+0*R! '*! '(!:+),*+0'01! *9!(++! *:)*!
(92+!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!:)F+!*).+0!*:+!'0'*')*'F+!)0=!+(*)>8'(:+=!&-/5JT!
!
Figure 7: Disaster Risk Management Advisory Forum established per municipality type
!
I5! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
A:+0!'*!692+(!*9!*:+!+;;+6*'F+!;406*'90'01!9;!5=F'(9,?!J9,42(R!X`i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!),+!9;!
*:+! 97'0'90! )0=! 7+,6+7*'90! *:)*! *:+',! &-/5J(! ),+! ;406*'90'01! )*! $( ;&'=( 459( 4&;&4! )0=! `ai! 9;!
='(*,'6*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*'01! *:)*! *:+',! &-/5J! ),+! ;406*'90'01! 7),*')88?! E'*:! ,992! ;9,!
'27,9F+2+0*T! 50! +e4)8! )2940*! 9;! 2+*,9(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+',! 5=F'(9,?! ;9,2(! ),+! +'*:+,!
;406*'90'01! )*! )! 89E! 8+F+8! Pb"iQ! 9,! *:+?! :)F+! 7),*')8! ;406*'90'01! E'*:! ,992! ;9,! '27,9F+2+0*!
Pb"iQT!M:'(!'(!90+!9;!*:+!;+E!E+).0+((+(!E:'6:!2+*,9(!:)F+!E'*:!,+1),=(!*9!*:+!'278+2+0*)*'90!
9;!'0(*'*4*'90)8!),,)01+2+0*(!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!M:+!89E!8+F+8!9;!;406*'90'01!9;!&-/5J!
2'1:*!>+!=4+!*9!*:+!;)6*!*:)*!F+,?!8'**8+!14'=)06+!'(!1'F+0!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!90!
*:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!)0=!2)0)1+2+0*!9;!*:+(+!(*,46*4,+(T! U0!2)0?! '0(*)06+(!*:+!&-/<(!=9+(!09*!
4*'8'(+!*:+!&-/5J!;9,!+01)1'01!(*).+:98=+,(!P+T1T!7,9F'='01!)0=!9>*)'0'01!l)=F'6+lQR!>4*!,)*:+,!*9!
908?!'0;9,2!(*).+:98=+,(!90!F+,?!(47+,;'6')8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'((4+(!P(46:!)(!*:+!)2940*!
9;! 7)(*! +F+0*(QT! Y+,?! 8'**8+! )6*4)8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! ,+8)*+=! '0;9,2)*'90! '(! (:),+=! )0=!
='(64((+=!)*!*:+(+!;9,)T!!!!
!
M)>8+!X!>+89E!'0='6)*+(!*:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!*:+!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!5=F'(9,?!J9,42(!7+,!
7,9F'06+T!
!!
Table 5: Disaster Risk Management Advisory Forum established per province
50(E+,! S,9F'06+(!
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CDEDEDI(J,%&'8&3$'%.&,%$4(!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(F5.."%%&&(!
M:+! +(*)>8'(:2+0*! 9;! U0*+,=+7),*2+0*)8! &'()(*+,! -'(.! /)0)1+2+0*! <922'**++(! PU&-/<Q! :)F+!
>++0! ;940=! *9! >+! (+F+,+8?! 8)6.'01! 90! )88! 8+F+8(! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*T! J';*?V;'F+! 7+,6+0*! PXXiQ! 9;!
='(*,'6*(R!a"i!9;!2+*,9(!)0=!\`i!9;! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!:)F+!09*!+(*)>8'(:+=!
)0! U0*+,=+7),*2+0*)8! &'()(*+,! -'(.!/)0)1+2+0*! <922'**++T
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!
2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!*:)*!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!:)F+!U&-/<(!'0!78)6+R!a$i!P'0!
*:+!6)(+!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(Q!)0=!X"i!9;!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!)!F+,?!89E!8+F+8!
9;!;406*'90'01!E'*:!,+1),=!*9!*:+(+!6922'**++(T
I4! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
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!
CDEDEDK(J!L($,8(!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(L4$,(",%&-'$%"5,(!
D9*:!='(*,'6*!)0=!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!),+!7,91,+(('01!E+88!E'*:!*:+!'0*+1,)*'90!9;!='()(*+,!
,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(!'0*9!*:+',!U&S(T!3+F+0*?V*:,++!7+,6+0*!P\`iQ!9;!='(*,'6*(!)0=!#"i!9;!2+*,9(!
,+79,*!79('*'F+!7,91,+((!'0!*:'(!,+1),=T!!
!
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!
Figure 9: Percentage of municipalities with IDP-Disaster Risk Management Plan integration
!
58*:941:! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!:)F+!(:9E0!(92+!7,91,+((!E'*:!*:'(! '0*+1,)*'90!PX#iQR! *:',*?V+'1:*!
P`#iQ! 9;! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! (*'88! :)F+! 09*! 69278'+=!E'*:! *:'(! ,+e4',+2+0*T! 50! )092)8?! 6)0! >+!
9>(+,F+=!E'*:!,+1),=(!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(!)(!7),*!9;!+W'(*'01!U&S!78)00'01R!+(7+6')88?!
90!2+*,9!)0=!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*?!8+F+8(T!58*:941:!>9*:!*:+(+!8+F+8(!),+!7,91,+(('01!E+88!E'*:!*:+!
'069,79,)*'90!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(!'0*9!*:+',!+W'(*'01!U&S(R!`ai!9;!='(*,'6*(!'0='6)*+!
*:)*! *:+(+! 78)0(! ),+! 09*! ('10';'6)0*8?! '0*+1,)*+=! '0! *:+! U&S! )0=! 8+((! *:)0! :)8;! Pb"iQ! 9;! 2+*,9(!
'0='6)*+=!)! 199=! 8+F+8! 9;! '0*+1,)*'90T! M:'(! *,+0=! 690*'04+(!90! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*?! 8+F+8!E+,+!$#i!
)0=!$bi!9;! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=!+'*:+,!)! F+,?! 89E! 8+F+8!9;! '0*+1,)*'90!9,!)! 89E! 8+F+8!9;!
'0*+1,)*'90!E'*:!,+1),=(!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(!)(!7),*!9;!*:+!U&S(T!M:+!,+(+),6:!6948=!
09*!)(6+,*)'0!E:)*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!7+,6+'F+=!*9!*:+!k199=l!9,!kF+,?!199=l! '0*+1,)*'90T!5=='*'90)8!
,+(+),6:!'0!*:'(!,+1),=!2'1:*!,+F+)8!29,+!'0*+,+(*'01!;'0='01(T!
!
!
!
!
!
IS! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
Figure 10: Number of municipalities with an integrated Disaster Risk Management Plan as part of their IDP
!
!
CDEDEDC(M&$8(57(%6&(!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(F&,%'&(!
5669,='01!*9!*:+!&/5R!)!2)0)1+,!(:948=!>+!)779'0*+=!;9,!+)6:!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!<+0*,+!
'0!*:+!6940*,?T!M:+!]+)=!9;!*:+!<+0*,+!P][<Q!(:948=!>+!*:+!=,'F'01!;9,6+!>+:'0=!)88!='()(*+,!,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!)6*'F'*'+(!E'*:'0!:'(^:+,!),+)!9;!N4,'(='6*'90T!M:+!&/5!(411+(*(!*:)*!*:+!][<!24(*!>+!
)!3+6*'90!X\!)779'0*2+0*T!M:'(R!:9E+F+,R!'(!,),+8?!*:+!6)(+!'0!29(*!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!M:+!(+6*'90(!*9!
;9889E!)8(9!:'1:8'1:*(!*:'(!7,+290'*'90T!!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! IN!
!
Figure 11: HOC is appointed and holds no other position in the municipality
!
!
J';*?V+'1:*!7+,6+0*!PX#iQ!9;!='(*,'6*(!)0=!#b!i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!+'*:+,!*:+,+!'(!
09!7+,(90!)779'0*+=!'0!*:+!(7+6';'6!79('*'90!)(!][<T!U0!b"i!P='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(Q!)0=!``i!P896)8!
240'6'7)8'*'+(Q!9;! '0(*)06+(!*:+! '0642>+0*!:98=(!)09*:+,!79,*;98'9! '0!)=='*'90!*9!>+'01!*:+!][<T!
M:+!=94>8+!,+(790('>'8'*?!1'F+0!*9!][<(!6)0!>+!(++0!)(!E9,,'(92+T!-+)8'(*'6)88?!'*!'(!09*!7,)6*'6)8!
*9!+W7+6*! *:)*!)0! '0='F'=4)8! 6)0!6),,?! *:+! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(!9;! *E9!=';;+,+0*!79('*'90(!)0=!)6:'+F+!
*:+! (*,)*+1'6! 9>N+6*'F+(! 9;! >9*:! *)(.(! +;;'6'+0*8?! )0=! +;;+6*'F+8?T!A:+0! 690('=+,'01! *:+! =+*)'8+=!
=+(6,'7*'90! 9;! *:+! *)(.(! 9;! *:+! ][<! )(! 7+,! *:+! &/5! )0=! @&/JR! '*! >+692+(! E9,,'(92+! *:)*!
240'6'7)8'*'+(! =9+(! 09*! ,+)8'(+! *:+! '279,*)06+! 9;! *:+! ][<T! M:+! ;899=(! 9;! $"%"^$"%%! '0! 2)0?!
692240'*'+(! '0! 394*:!5;,'6)! '(! )! (*),.! ,+2'0=+,! 9;! *:+! 0++=! ;9,! =+='6)*+=R! .09E8+=1+)>8+! )0=!
6927+*+0*! '0='F'=4)8(! *9! :+)=! *:+! F),'94(! &-/<(T! D+('=+! *:+! F),'94(! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90!
)6*'F'*'+(! E:'6:! *:+! ][<! 24(*! 9F+,(++R! '((4+(! 9;! 68'2)*+! 6:)01+! )0=! )=)7*)*'90! '06,+)('018?!
:)27+,(!94,!40=+,(*)0='01!9;!E+)*:+,!7)**+,0(!)0=!,+8)*+=!:?=,9V!)0=!2+*+9,9891'6)8!:)H),=(T!
-+(+),6:!>?!J)8'01R!M+27+8:9;;!)0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.!P$"%%Q!)0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.!&%($4!P$""dQ!'0='6)*+!*:+!
0++=! ;9,! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *9! 690('=+,! 68'2)*+! 6:)01+! )0=! )=)7*)*'90! '((4+(! )(! 7),*! 9;! *:+',!
=+F+8972+0*!78)00'01!)0=!)0!'0*+1,)8!7),*!9;!*:+',!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!2)0=)*+T!!
IO! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
Figure 12: HOC is appointed and holds no other position per type of municipality
!
CDEDEDN(O540,%&&'(0,"%(!
M:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!Y9840*++,!B0'*!'(!)09*:+,!),+)!9;!1,+)*!6906+,0!90!>9*:!896)8!240'6'7)8!)0=!
='(*,'6*! 8+F+8(T! Y9840*++,! 40'*(! $'&( ,5%! )0! +0;9,6+)>8+! 8+1'(8)*'F+! ,+e4',+2+0*T! 3+F+0*?V*E9!
7+,6+0*!P\$iQ!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!X"i!9;!='(*,'6*(!,+79,*+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!09*!:)F+!F9840*++,!
40'*(! '0!78)6+T!Y9840*++,!40'*(!(+,F+!)(!)!1,+)*!8'0.!>+*E++0!896)8!19F+,02+0*!)0=!692240'*'+(T!
M:+! 8)6.! 9;! F9840*++,! 40'*(! *:+,+;9,+! 8'2'*(! *:+! 6997+,)*'90! >+*E++0! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! )0=!
692240'*'+(!'0!*+,2(!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!588!2+*,9798'*)0!),+)(!,+79,*+=!*:)*!*:+?!:)F+!
F9840*++,! 40'*(! '0! 78)6+T
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! IP!
!
Figure 13: Percentage of municipalities with established volunteer units
!!
CDEDEDP(J,%&'?.0,"2"3$4"%=(8"#$#%&'('"#*(.$,$-&.&,%(255'8",$%",-(.&26$,"#.(!
3'W*?V;94,! 7+,6+0*! PabiQ! 9;! ='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(! )0=! aai!9;! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*!
*:+?!:)F+!2+6:)0'(2(!'0!78)6+!*9!699,='0)*+!97+,)*'90)8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!>+*E++0!*:+!
*E9! 8+F+8(! 9;! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*T!A'*:! ,+1),=(! *9! *:+! ;406*'90'01! 9;! *:+(+!2+6:)0'(2(R! bbi! 9;!
='(*,'6*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+(+!2+6:)0'(2(! ),+! ;406*'90'01! 7),*')88?!E'*:! ,992! ;9,! '27,9F+2+0*T!
O96)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:+(+!2+6:)0'(2(!),+! +;;'6'+0*!90! 896)8!240'6'7)8! 8+F+8!E'*:!9F+,!
:)8;!PX\iQ!;406*'90'01!)*!+'*:+,!)!199=!P$\iQ!9,!F+,?!199=!P`"iQ!8+F+8T!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Figure 14: Percentage of district and local municipalities with an inter-municipal disaster risk management coordinating mechanism in place
IX! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
;#$#/!!>'*??!
n4(*!)(!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!,+e4',+(!7:?('6)8!,+(94,6+(!*9!6),,?!94*! '*f(! 8+1)8!2)0=)*+R!)0!
)=+e4)*+! )2940*! 9;! E+88! *,)'0+=! (*);;! '(! 0++=+=! *9! ;4,*:+,! ,+)8'(+! *:+! 9>N+6*'F+(! 74*! ;9,*:! >?!
='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*! 8+1'(8)*'90T! M:+! ;9889E'01! (+6*'90!E'88! ;964(!90! F),'94(! (*);;! ,+8)*+=! '((4+(!
(46:!)(!)2940*!9;!(*);;!)0=!*:+',!8+F+8!9;!*,)'0'01!)(!'*!,+8)*+(!*9!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!'0!394*:!
5;,'6)T!
!
34,F+?!=)*)!'0='6)*+(!*:)*!$\T`i!9;!240'6'7)8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!:)F+!'0!+W6+((!9;!
*+0!+2789?+=!(*);;!)*!'*(!='(79()8T!<4248)*'F+8?!:9E+F+,!XbTai!9;!=+7),*2+0*(!:)=!>+*E++0!%V%"!
+2789?++(T! M:'(!2+)0(! *:)*! '0!2)0?! '0(*)06+(! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(! ;406*'90!E'*:!
F+,?! 89E!042>+,(! 9;! (*);;!E:'6:! 6948=! 48*'2)*+8?! '27+=+! *:+',! )>'8'*?! *9! 6),,?! 94*! *:+',! =4*'+(T!
Y9840*++,!(*);;!:9E+F+,!'(!('10';'6)0*8?!8)6.'01!'0!29(*!6+0*,+(!E:+,+!adTbi!9;!=+7),*2+0*(!:)F+!
09!F9840*++,(!)*!)88!E'*:!908?!$\T\i!9;!=+7),*2+0*(!:)F'01!'0!+W6+((!9;!*+0!P%"Q!F9840*++,(T!S),*!
*'2+!(4779,*!(*);;!'(!908?!7,+F)8+0*!'0!aXT#i!9;!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!=+7),*2+0*(!,+(790='01!*9!*:+!
(4,F+?T! 51)'0! *:+! 8)6.! 9;! (4779,*! (*);;! 7,+(+0*(! =';;'648*'+(! ;9,! *:+! '278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! ,'(.!
,+=46*'90! )6*'F'*'+(! )0=! =)'8?! ;406*'90(! 9;! *:+! 6+0*,+T! M:+! 7,+(+06+! 9;! 29,+! (4779,*! (*);;! )0=!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! IQ!
!
F9840*++,(!6948=!1,+)*8?!)(('(*!'0!*:+!6),,?'01!94*!9;!=4*'+(!7),*'648),8?!'0!='()(*+,!(6+0),'9(!E:+0!
2)079E+,!'(!6,'*'6)8T!!
!
Figure 15: Perception of adequate disaster risk management staff in municipalities
!
_4)8';'6)*'90(!9;!(*);;!2+2>+,(!'(!F),'+=!E'*:!)!(78'*!2)N9,'*?!Pb%T$i!9;!,+(790(+(Q!'=+0*';?'01!*:)*!
4&##!*:)0!*E9!P$Q!2+2>+,(!9;!(*);;!:)F+!,+6+'F+=!7,9;+(('90)8!*,)'0'01!)0=!='F+,(+8?R!*:+!9779('01!
,+(790(+! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! .5'&( *:)0! ;'F+! PXQ! 7+,(90(! :)=! ,+6+'F+=! 7,9;+(('90)8! P*+,*'),?Q! 8+F+8!
*,)'0'01T!M:+,+! '(!)!='(6,+7)06?! '0!6)7)6'*?!,+1),='01!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(*);;T! U*!>+692+(!
)77),+0*! *:)*! 1,+)*! +27:)('(! 0++=(! *9! >+! 78)6+=! 90! *,)'0'01! )0=! 6)7)6'*?! >4'8='01! '0! 9,=+,! *9!
>,'=1+!*:+!1)7T!5!(8'1:*!2)N9,'*?!9;!,+(790=+0*(!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!PX#TXiQ!+W7,+((+=!*:)*!
*:+',!(*);;!'(!09*!)=+e4)*+8?!*,)'0+=T!M:'(!E)(!,+'*+,)*+=!)*!*:+!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!*9!)!(*,901+,!+W*+0*!
)(!,+(790=+0*(!;+8*!40)0'294(8?!P%""T"iQ!*:)*!*:+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!9;;'6')8(!)*!*:+!896)8!
8+F+8! E+,+! 8)6.'01! '0! )=+e4)*+! *,)'0'01! *9! 7+,;9,2! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! =4*'+(T! M:+! 7,9F'06+!
,+6910'(+(!*:+!0++=!;9,!1,+)*+,!6)7)6'*?!'0!*:'(!),+)!)0=!*:4(!6)7)6'*?!>4'8='01!)0=!*,)'0'01!(:948=!
>+!7,929*+=T!!
!
Figure 16: Staff in disaster risk management centres with tertiary qualifications per municipality type
S5! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
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+0(4,+! *:)*! +=46)*'90R! ,+(+),6:! )0=! *,)'0'01! '(! 690=46*+=! '0! )88! ),+)(! 9;! &'()(*+,! -'(.!
/)0)1+2+0*T!U*!'(!*:+!,+(790('>'8'*?!9;!*:+!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!<922'**++!P@&/<Q!*9!
690=46*!)!0)*'90)8!+=46)*'90!*,)'0'01!)0=!,+(+),6:!0++=!)0=!,+(94,6+(!)0)8?('(!P@LM)-@-5QT!M:'(!
)((+((2+0*!(+,F+(!*9!+0(4,+!*:)*!*,)'0'01!)0=!+=46)*'90!0++=(!),+!2+*! '0!9,=+,!*9!69278+2+0*!
*:+!('*4)*'90)8!=+2)0=!9;!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)T!<9278+*+=!'0!J+>,4),?!$"%"R!
*:+! Q$%"5,$4( R802$%"5,@( S'$",",-( $,8( )&#&$'26( Q&&8#( $,8( )2'2&#( 1,$4=#"#( AQRS$)Q)1B( 75'(
!"#$#%&'( )"#*( +$,$-&.&,%( ",( /50%6( 17'"2$! 7,+(+0*+=! ;'0='01(! *:)*! ,+;8+6*+=! *:)*! 0++=! ;9,!
'27,9F+=! *,)'0'01! )0=! 6)7)6'*?! =+F+8972+0*! )2901! +2789?++(! E'*:'0! *:+! &'()(*+,! -'(.!
/)0)1+2+0*!;'+8=T!3'W*?V*:,++!,+(790=+0*(!Pb%iQ!(4,F+?+=!'0!*:+!@LM)-@-5!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!
E+,+!)>8+!*9!7+,;9,2!*:+!*)(.(!*:)*!*:+?!(+8+6*+=T!ME+0*?V0'0+!7+,(90(!P%dT"iQ!;4,*:+,!'0='6)*+=!
*:)*!*:+?!0++=+=!)(('(*)06+!9,!69)6:'01!*9!+0)>8+!*:+2!*9!7+,;9,2!*:+!*)(.(T!3'W*?V*E9!Pb"T"iQ!
'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!0++=+=!*,)'0'01!*9!+0)>8+!*:+2!*9!7+,;9,2!*:+!*)(.(!P<[GM5R!$"%"C%aQT!!
!
U0! ,+(790(+! *9! *:'(! )=2'(('90R! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! ,+(790=+0*(! '=+0*';'+=! (.'88! (:9,*)1+(! '0! ),+)(!
(46:! )(! P>4*! 09! 8'2'*+=! *9Q! <90*'01+06?! S8)0! &+F+8972+0*R! &'()(*+,! -'(.! 5((+((2+0*R! &'()(*+,!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! S6!
!
/)0)1+2+0*!)0=!U06'=+0*!/)0)1+2+0*!)0=!5((+((2+0*T!M)>8+!`!;4,*:+,!=+*)'8(!*:+!(7+6';'6!(.'88!
(+*(! '0!=+2)0=!)0=!,+6910'(+=!)(!6+0*,)8! *9!*:+! 896)8!19F+,02+0*!,+7,+(+0*)*'F+(T![;!7),*'648),!
'0*+,+(*!E)(! *:+!0++=! *9! :)F+! *,)'0'01! '0! *:+! );9,+2+0*'90+=! ),+)(! *:)*!E+,+! 6927)*'>8+!E'*:!
0)*'90)8! (*)0=),=(! (46:! )(! *:+! 394*:! 5;,'6)0! _4)8';'6)*'90(! 54*:9,'*?! P35_5Q! )0=! *:+! @)*'90)8!
_4)8';'6)*'90(! J,)2+E9,.! P@_JQT! M:+! '279,*)06+! 9;! (*)0=),='()*'90! )0=! 6927)*'>'8'*?! E)(! )8(9!
+27:)('H+=!'0!*:+!@LM)-@-5!-+79,*!P<[GM5R!$"%"QT!
!
Table 7: Identified areas of skills shortage
L2+,1+06?!-+(790(+!)0=!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!*97'6(!
S,9;+(('90)8!J',+!J'1:*'01!3.'88(!
! Y'6*'2!/)0)1+2+0*!3.'88(!
L2+,1+06?!/)0)1+2+0*!3.'88(!
U06'=+0*!/)0)1+2+0*!M,)'0'01!P'T+T!q+097:9>'6!Y'98+06+R!&'(+)(+![4*>,+).Q!U06'=+0*!5((+((2+0*!
-)='9!<92240'6)*'90!
&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!P1+0+,)8!)0=!'0*,9=46*'90Q!
<90*'01+06?!S8)0!&+F+8972+0*!
&'()(*+,!-'(.!5((+((2+0*!
M,)'0'01!<92240'*'+(!)0=!M,)'0'01!9;!M,)'0+,!S,91,)22+!O';+!3);+*?!L=46)*'90!
3);+*?!S8)00'01!)*!O'F+!LF+0*(!
]9E!*9!<90=46*!S8)00'01!)0=!5E),+0+((!LF+0*(!
&'()(*+,
S4! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
(46:! )(! ;',+! (+,F'6+(R! *,);;'6! 690*,98R! 74>8'6! ();+*?R! *+6:0'6)8! (+,F'6+(R! )=F+,*'('01! )0=! +F+0*!
78)00'01T! &'F'('90! 9;! *'2+! >+*E++0!248*'78+! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! 6)0! ,+(48*! '0! >9*:! N9>(! >+'01! =90+!
'0)=+e4)*+8?T!M:'(!78)6+(!)0!40;)',!=+2)0=!90!*'2+!)0=!,+(94,6+(!)F)'8)>8+!*9!)=+e4)*+8?!(+,F+!
*:+!0++=(!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'0!*:+!896)8'*?T!5(!,+;+,,+=!*9!'0!*:+!(+6*'90!X\P$QP=QP''Q!9;!
*:+!&/5R! T&$26( ,$%"5,$4( 5'-$,( 57( #%$%&(.0#%( $335",%( $,( ",8";"80$4(965(9"44( $2%( $#( "%#( 752$4( 5'(
,58$4(35",%(75'(!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%($,8(965(9"44($4#5(<&("%#('&3'&#&,%$%";&(5,(%6&(Q!+1HDU(
M:'(!+F'=+06+!=9+(!:9E+F+,!,+F+)8!)0=!7,909406+!*:+!0)*4,+!9;!248*';)6+*+=!0)*4,+!9;!='()(*+,!
,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '*(+8;! E:+,+'0! *:+! '0*+,='(6'78'0),?! (.'88(! ),+! 9;*+0! =,)E0! 4790T! M:'(! '(!
7),*'648),8?!(9!'0!*+,2(!9;!+2+,1+06?!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!74>8'6!();+*?T!!
!
58*+,0)*+8?R!(*);;!+2789?+=!'0!+W*+,0)8!;'+8=(!'(!)8(9!=,)E!'0*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)669,='01!
*9!*:+!;'0='01(T!S+,(90(!+2789?+=!'0!),+)(!(46:!)(!;',+R!74>8'6!();+*?!)0=!*,);;'6!(+,F'6+(R!7),.(!)0=!
,9)=R! (*,)*+1'6! )0=! +8+6*,'6)8! (+,F'6+(R! 6,'('(! 690*,98R! 6)88! ='(7)*6:R! 69,79,)*+! (+,F'6+(R!
)=2'0'(*,)*'90!)0=!(47+,'0*+0=+0*!9;!E9,.(!),+!)8(9!(98'6'*+=! '0*9!E9,.!)((96')*+=!E'*:!='()(*+,!
,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! M:'(! 6)0! >+! )=F)0*)1+94(! )(! )! 042>+,! 9;! =';;+,+0*! )0=! ='F+,(+! (.'88(! ),+!
>,941:*! *9! *:+! *)>8+! )0=! 6)0! :+87! +0(4,+! *:)*! '0*+,=+7+0=+0*! 6906+,0(! ),+! )==,+((+=! )0=!
)6.09E8+=1+=! E'*:! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! /48*'V(+6*9,)8! '0F98F+2+0*! '(! +27:)('(+=! )0=!
+0694,)1+=! >?! 8+)='01! '0*+,0)*'90)8! ;,)2+E9,.(! (46:! )(! *:+! ]?919! J,)2+E9,.! ;9,! 56*'90!
PB@U3&-R! $""XQR! M:+!5;,'6)0!-+1'90)8!&'()(*+,! -'(.!-+=46*'90! 3*,)*+1?! )0=! '*(! S8)0!9;!56*'90! )(!
E+88! )(! *:+!35&<!&,);*!&'()(*+,!-'(.!-+=46*'90!3*,)*+1?T!]9E+F+,R! *:+,+! '(! )0! '0:+,+0*!0++=! *9!
'0F+(*'1)*+! *:+! 79*+0*')8! ;9,! ;40='01! '0=+7+0=+0*! 79('*'90(! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+,(! *:4(!
)889E'01! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+,(! *9! ;964(! (98+8?! 90! *:+! =4*'+(! )((96')*+=! E'*:! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*T! M:'(! +0)>8+(! *:+! 40>')(+=! 6988)>9,)*'90! E'*:! )0=! 699,='0)*'90! 9;! +W*+,0)8!
(*).+:98=+,(!'0!+0(4,'01!74>8'6!();+*?!*:,941:!*:+!,+=46*'90!9;!,'(.T!!!
!
;#$#"!!@(,2+)1(,!
CDEDIDE((RV0"3.&,%(!U0!9,=+,!*9!6),,?!94*!'*(!8+1)8!2)0=)*+R!)88!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!,+e4',+!)=+e4)*+!
+e4'72+0*! )0=! ;)6'8'*'+(T! M:+! ;9889E'01! (+6*'90! E'88! '=+0*';?! E:+*:+,! +e4'72+0*! )0=! ;)6'8'*'+(!
E:'6:!),+!09*!)=+e4)*+8?!7,9F'=+=!;9,!90!)8!8+F+8(!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*T!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! SI!
!
Figure 17: Perception of appropriate and relevant equipment in municipalities
!
&+(7'*+! *:+! ,+8)*'F+8?! :'1:! 042>+,(! 9;! (*);;! E9,.'01! '0! *:+! ;'+8=! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*R!
(4,F+?!,+(48*(!Pa\TdiQ!7,+(+0*!*:)*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!8)6.!*:+!)77,97,')*+!)0=!,+8+F)0*!+e4'72+0*!*9!
6),,?! 94*! *:+',! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;406*'90T! U0! 7),*'648),! ,+(790=+0*(! =+*)'8+=! *:)*! F+:'68+(R!
+2+,1+06?! ,+(790(+! +e4'72+0*R! ,+69F+,?! +e4'72+0*R! *+6:09891'6)8! =+F'6+(! )0=! )=2'0'(*,)*'F+!
+e4'72+0*!E+,+!6+0*,)8!*9!;48;'88'01!*:+',!7,'2),?!0++=(T!!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Figure 18: Provinces’ perception of appropriate and relevant equipment at municipality level
SS! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
!
M)>8+!b!7,+(+0*(!)!=+*)'8+=! 8'(*!9;! '*+2(! '=+0*';'+=!>?!7),*'6'7)0*(!)(!>+'01!0+6+((),?!+e4'72+0*!
0++=+=! ;9,! *:+! +;;+6*'F+! '0(*'1)*'90! 9;! =4*'+(! '0! )669,=)06+! E'*:! *:+! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*!
;406*'90T!M:'(!(+0*'2+0*!E)(!,+;8+6*+=!>?!*:+!=)*)!7,9F'=+=!>?!,+(790=+0*(!)*!*:+!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!
E:+,+'0! aaT\i! 9;! 7+,(90(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! 6,'*'6)8! +e4'72+0*! E)(! 0++=+=! '0! 9,=+,! *9! ;48;'8! *:+!
='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!;406*'90!)*!*:+!240'6'7)8!8+F+8T!
!
Table 8: 9A+&5=(4'!4(1(,,*).!?2)!-&,*,'()!)&,<!=*4*6(=(4'!?+41'&24!'2!B(!1*))&(-!2+'!(??(1'&C(3.!*'!321*3!62C()4=(4'!3(C(3
+#-,F.'=! K]2(D?,*-!*,,3,3!Y+:'68+(! J',+!;'1:*'01!*,46.^J',+!+01'0+(!
!!
A)*+,!*,46.!])H),=94(!/)*+,')8!B0'*
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! SN!
!
D'09648),(!
L2+,1+06?!+e4'72+0*! D)6.V47!1+0+,)*9,(!
!!
J',+!+W*'014'(:+,(!J',(*!5'=!+e4'72+0*!S,9*+6*'F+!689*:'01!n)E(!9;!8';+!L2+,1+06?!8'1:*'01!
-+69F+,?! M+0*(!
!!
@90V7+,'(:)>8+!;99=!J99=!7,+7),)*'90!+e4'72+0*!-+8'+;!7)6.(!3*9,)1+!;9,!,+69F+,!+e4'72+0*!D8)0.+*(!/)**,+((+(!
5=2'0'(*,)*'F+! [;;'6+!(7)6+!
!!
3*9,)1+!(7)6+!3*)*'90),?
SO! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
*,)'0'01^6)7)6'*?! >4'8='01R! 74>8'6! )E),+0+((R! E9,.(:97(R! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! 7,9N+6*! '278+2+0*)*'90!
)0=!*:+!)=+e4)*+!7,9F'('90!9;!+2+,1+06?!,+8'+;!(4778'+(T!U0!2)0?!'0(*)06+(!'*!E)(!;+8*!*:)*!;40=(!
E+,+!='F+,*+=!9,! (:),+=!E'*:!+0*'*'+(! 8'.+! *:+! ;',+! (+,F'6+(!9,!+2+,1+06?!2+='6)8! (+,F'6+(T!&)*)!
,+F+)8(!*:)*!*:+!9*:+,!8'0+!;406*'90(!'069,79,)*+!69(*(!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'0*9!*:+',!=)?V
*9V=)?!97+,)*'90(!'0!908?!%aT\i!9;!*:+!'0(*)06+(T!!
!
Figure 19: Adequate budget allocation for disaster risk management in municipalities
!
-+(790=+0*(! )8(9! '0='6)*+=! )! ,+8')06+! 90! 1,)0*(! *9! (4>('='(+! *:+',! +W7+0='*4,+(T! S,9F'06')8!
,+(790=+0*(!:9E+F+,!7,+(+0*+=!)!('10';'6)0*!=+F')*'90!P%""iQ!>?!74,79,*'01!*:)*!)88!='(*,'6*!)0=!
2+*,9798'*)0! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(! '0! *:+',! ,+(7+6*'F+! 7,9F'06+(! :)F+! )! >4=1+*! ;9,!
='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!74,79(+(T!M:'(!'(!68+),8?!690*,)='6*9,?!*9!*:+!`$T\i!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*!
,+(790=+0*(!*:)*!68)'2+=!*9!:)F+!09!>4=1+*!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!74,79(+(T!J'14,+!$"!)0=!
$%!>+89E!1'F+(!)0!'0='6)*'90!9;!*:+!)>9F+!7+,!7,9F'06+T!
!
!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! SP!
!
Figure 20: Budget allocation for disaster risk management purposes per province (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North-West and Northern Cape)
Figure 21: Budget allocation for disaster risk management purposes per province (KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Eastern- and Western Cape)
SX! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
Figure 22: Adequacy of disaster risk management budget at municipal level
Figure 23: Provincial governments’ perception of existence and adequacy of municipality budgets !
!
!
!
]9E+F+,R! 7,9F'06')8! ,+7,+(+0*)*'F+(! ),+! '0! )1,++2+0*! *:)*! *:+! )F)'8)>8+! >4=1+*(! ;9,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!E+,+!'0)=+e4)*+!=+(7'*+!*:+!;)6*!*:)*!%\Tai!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!,+(790=+0*(!
;+8*!*:)*!>4=1+*(!E+,+!(4;;'6'+0*T!50!)0)8?('(!9;!*:+!F),'94(!7,9F'06+(!'(!'0='6)*+=!>+89ET!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! SQ!
!
Figure 24: Adequacy of budgets per province (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North-West and Northern Cape)
!
Figure 25: Adequacy of budgets per province (KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Eastern- and Western Cape)
N5! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
509*:+,! ='(*,+(('01! 9>(+,F)*'90! '(! *:)*! 29(*! 9*:+,! 8'0+! ;406*'90(! E'*:'0! *:+! 896)8R! ='(*,'6*! )0=!
2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! =90f*! >4=1+*! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )6*'F'*'+(T! 3+F+0*?V*:++!
7+,6+0*!P\`iQ!9;!='(*,'6*(R!X"i!9;!2+*,9(!)0=!\`i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8!8'0+!;406*'90(!=9!09*!)(('10!)!
7),*!9;! *:+',!>4=1+*! *9!='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)6*'F'*'+(!)(! ,+e4',+=!>?! *:+!&/5T!M:+! 8)6.!9;!
>4=1+*'01!>?!9*:+,!8'0+!;406*'90(!(:9E(!*:)*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'(!9;*+0!09*!:'1:!90!*:+',!
7,'9,'*?!8'(*T!
!
Figure 26: Line function budgets for disaster risk management
!
A'*:94*!)=+e4)*+!>4=1+*(R!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)*! 896)8!19F+,02+0*! 8+F+8!6)009*! ;406*'90!
+;;+6*'F+8?!)0=!2+*:9=(!(:948=!>+!=+F+897+=!*9!(*,+)28'0+!;40='01!),,)01+2+0*(!9,!*9!'06,+)(+!
;40=(!*9!896)8!19F+,02+0*T!M:+!,+(+),6:!9;!Y'((+,!)0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.!P$""dQ!)8(9!(4779,*(!*:+!)>9F+!
;'0='01(T! M:+',! ,+(+),6:! 7,979(+(! )! 0+E! ;40='01! 29=+8! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*!
240'6'7)8'*?! 8+F+8T!J,92!*:+!)>9F+! ;'0='01(!)0=! *:+!7,+F'94(! ,+(+),6:!90+!6)0! ,+6922+0=!*:)*!
+),0+(*!)**+0*'90!24(*!>+!1'F+0!*9!*:'(!F+,?!6,'*'6)8!)(7+6*T!M:+!=+='6)*+=!7,9F'('90!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*! ;40='01!)(!)!79,*'90!9;! *:+!240'6'7)8'*?!>4=1+*!6948=!19!)! 8901!E)?! '0!)==,+(('01!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! N6!
!
*:+(+!'((4+(T!346:!;40='01!24(*!>+!90!)0!+e4'*)>8+!(:),+!>)('(T!
!
;#$#8!@(52)'&46!
!M:+!&/5!6)88(!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(^(*,46*4,+(!*9!(4>2'*!)004)8!,+79,*(!'0!9,=+,!
*9!)(6+,*)'0!*:+!7,91,+((!2)=+!90!)88!8+F+8(!9;!19F+,02+0*!=4,'01!)!(7+6';'6!?+),T!M:'(!(+6*'90!E'88!
=+(6,'>+!*:+!+W*+0*!*9!E:'6:!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!=+7),*2+0*(!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!69278?!
E'*:!*:+!7,9F'('90(!74*!94*!'0!*:+!56*T!
!
Figure 27: Provincial perceptions on local government disaster risk management reporting
M:+! 2)N9,'*?! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! P\%T\iQ! (4779,*+=! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '((4+(!
E+,+! =9642+0*+=! '0! ,+79,*(! (4>2'**+=! *9! 69406'8! 9,! )4*:9,'*?! 90! )0! )004)8! >)('(T! 5! 79,*'90!
6927,'('01!9;!%`T$i!9;!7),*'6'7)0*(! ,+F+)8+=!*:)*! *:+?!E+,+!40(4,+! ';!='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!
'((4+(!),+!,+79,*+=T!5!;4,*:+,!%XT%i!)6.09E8+=1+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!09*!7,9=46+!)0=!(4>2'*!,+79,*(!
*9! )4*:9,'*?! 9;! ,+8+F)0*! 69406'8T! &)*)! ;,92! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! 7,+(+0*+=! ('2'8),! (*)*'(*'6(! E:+,+'0!
7),*'6'7)0*(! ;+8*! #`T`i! 9;! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! 7,9=46+=! )0=! (4>2'**+=! ,+79,*(! E:+,+)(! %aT\i! 9;!
N4! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
240'6'7)8'*'+(! ;)'8+=! *9! (4>2'*! ,+79,*(T! M:'(! 6:)88+01+(! *:+! )66940*)>'8'*?! )0=! *,)0(7),+06?! 9;!
*:+(+! 896)8'*'+(!E:+0!=)*)! '(!09*!7,9=46+=! *9! (422),'(+! *:+!)6*'F'*'+(! )0=!)6*'90(! *).+0! '0! *:+!
;'+8=! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! D?! +0(4,'01! *:)*! )=+e4)*+! =9642+0*)*'90! '(! 2)=+R! '*! )8(9!
)889E(! ;9,! *:+! ,+'0;9,6+2+0*! 9;! 199=! 19F+,0)06+! 7,)6*'6+(! )0=! 7,9F'=+(! )! >)('(! ;9,!
692240'6)*'01!)6*'F'*'+(!*9!9*:+,!(+6*'90(!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*T!!
Figure 28: Reporting by local government on disaster risk management
NM4! @?D$,?,*-#-(.*!.&!$,F#$!&'#?,U.'W0!!!
M:+!;9889E'01!(+6*'90(!E'88!;964(!90!=+(6,'>'01!:9E!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!)*!896)8!
19F+,02+0*! 8+F+8! ),+! 7,91,+(('01! '0! '278+2+0*'01! *:+! 2)0=)*+(! =+(6,'>+=! >?! *:+! &'()(*+,!
/)0)1+2+0*!56*T!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! NI!
!
;#/#$!D)&(4'*'&24!'2!-&,*,'()!)&,<!=*4*6(=(4'!
!
M:+!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!56*!:)(!)0!+W78'6'*!,'(.!,+=46*'90!;964(R!E'*:!)0!+27:)('(!90!7,+F+0*'90!
)0=! 2'*'1)*'90! )6*'F'*'+(T! 588! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! (*,46*4,+(! 90! )88! 8+F+8(! 9;! 19F+,02+0*!
(:948=! *:+,+;9,+! 29F+! )E)?! ;,92! )! ,+(790(+! 9,'+0*)*'90! *9E),=(! ='()(*+,(! )0=! )=97*! )!
7,+F+0*'90!)0=!2'*'1)*'90!9,'+0*)*'90!'0!9,=+,!*9!)=:+,+!*9!8+1'(8)*'F+!,+e4',+2+0*(T!!
!
A9,,'(92+! ,+(790(+(! )6.09E8+=1+! *:)*! \T#i! 9;! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! 0+F+,! )==,+((! 7,+F+0*'90! )0=!
2'*'1)*'90! E'*:94*! *:+',! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 2)0=)*+T! S,9F'06')8! ,+(790(+(! (4779,*! *:)*!
%aT\i!;+8*!*:)*!7,+F+0*'90!)0=!2'*'1)*'90!E+,+!(+8=92!*:+!)77,9)6:!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!
D)(+=! 90! *:+! 1,9E'01! 69(*(! )0=! =+F)(*)*'90! )((96')*+=! E'*:! ='()(*+,(R! '*! '(! ,+6910'(+=! *:)*!
7,+F+0*'90!'(!)!29,+!E9,*:?!)0=!69(*V+;;+6*'F+!2+)(4,+!*:)0!,+(790(+!)0=!,+69F+,?!)(!(4779,*+=!
>?! '0*+,0)*'90)8! 690F+0*'90(! )0=! ;,)2+E9,.(! (46:! )(! *:+! ]?919! J,)2+E9,.! ;9,! 56*'90! P]J5Q!
PB@U3&-R! $""XQT! M:+! ]J5! (4779,*(! )0=! 7,929*+(! *:+! 0++=! *9! 2).+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! )!
7,'9,'*?! *:,941:! 7,+7),)*'90! ;9,! )6*'90R! 40=+,(*)0='01! )0=! )E),+0+((! )0=! *:+! .09E8+=1+! )0=!
)>'8'*?!*9!*).+!)6*'90!)1)'0(*!*:)*!,'(.!PB@U3&-R!$""XQT!M:+!8)6.!9;!;964(!'0!*:+!),+)!9;!7,+F+0*'90!
)0=! 2'*'1)*'90! :)(! *:+! 79*+0*')8! *9! 09*! 908?! *9! 74*! *:+! 8'F+(! 9;! 6'*'H+0(! )*! ,'(.! >4*! )8(9! *9!
40=+,2'0+! *:+! ,99*(! 9;! =+F+8972+0*! 7),*'648),8?! E'*:'0! )8,+)=?! F480+,)>'8'*?! 692240'*'+(!
PB@U3&-R! $""XQT! 5! F+,?! 8'2'*+=! ``T`i! 9;! *:+! (4,F+?+=! 79748)*'90! ;,92! >9*:! *:+! 896)8! )0=!
7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8(! )6.09E8+=1+=! *:)*! 7,+F+0*'90! )0=! 2'*'1)*'90! ),+! )! 690(*)0*! ;964(! 9;! *:+',!
='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)1+0=)T!!
!
Figure 29: Prevention and mitigation focus in municipalities
NS! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
!
37+6';'6! ),+)(! 9;! 6906+,0! ),+! *:+!A+(*+,0! <)7+R! O'27979R! @9,*:VA+(*! )0=! *:+! @9,*:+,0! <)7+!
S,9F'06+(T!M:+!89E!)=:+,+06+!*9!*:'(!(7+6';'6!8+1)8!,+e4',+2+0*!6)0!>+!74*!=9E0!*9!*:+!;)6*!*:)*!
*:+! (*);;! *:)*! 4(4)88?! E9,.! E'*:'0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! (*,46*4,+(! ),+! 4(4)88?! ;9,2+,! 9,!
64,,+0*! ;',+2+0R!798'6+!9,!+2+,1+06?!2+='6)8! (+,F'6+(! PL/3Q!7+,(900+8T!588!9;! *:+(+!7,9;+(('90(!
),+! ,+(790(+!9,'+0*)*+=R! )0=! *:+!)779'0*+=! (*);;! 9;*+0!)778'+(! *:+',! 0)*4,)88?! '068'0+=! ,+(790(+!
9,'+0*)*'90!*9!*:+',!0+E!;406*'90!)(!k&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+,(lT!!M,)'0'01!6948=!;9(*+,!)!29F+!)E)?!
;,92! *:+! 7,+F)'8'01! ,+(790(+! 9,'+0*)*'90! (*'88! +F'=+0*! )*! )88! 8+F+8(! 9;! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*T! @+E8?!
)779'0*+=!(*);;!24(*!>+!7,97+,8?!*,)'0+=!9,!,+*,)'0+=!E'*:!,+1),=(!*9!*:+!'279,*)06+!9;!&'()(*+,!
-'(.!-+=46*'90T!!
!
D)(+=! 90! *:+! 1,9E'01! 69(*(! )0=! =+F)(*)*'90! )((96')*+=! E'*:! ='()(*+,(R! '*! '(! ,+6910'(+=! *:)*!
7,+F+0*'90!'(!)!29,+!E9,*:?!)0=!69(*V+;;+6*'F+!2+)(4,+!*:)0!,+(790(+!)0=!,+69F+,?!)(!(4779,*+=!
>?! '0*+,0)*'90)8! 690F+0*'90(! )0=! ;,)2+E9,.(! (46:! )(! *:+! ]?919! J,)2+E9,.! ;9,! 56*'90! P]J5Q!
PB@U3&-R! $""XQT! M:+! ]J5! (4779,*(! )0=! 7,929*+(! *:+! 0++=! *9! 2).+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! )!
7,'9,'*?! *:,941:! 7,+7),)*'90! ;9,! )6*'90R! 40=+,(*)0='01! )0=! )E),+0+((! )0=! *:+! .09E8+=1+! )0=!
)>'8'*?!*9!*).+!)6*'90!)1)'0(*!*:)*!,'(.!PB@U3&-R!$""XQT!M:+!8)6.!9;!;964(!'0!*:+!),+)!9;!7,+F+0*'90!
)0=!2'*'1)*'90!:)(!*:+!79*+0*')8!*9!09*!908?!74*!*:+!8'F+(!9;!6'*'H+0(!)*!,'(.!>4*!)8(9!*9!40=+,2'0+!
*:+!,99*(!9;!=+F+8972+0*!7),*'648),8?!E'*:'0!)8,+)=?!F480+,)>'8'*?!692240'*'+(!PB@U3&-R!$""XQT!!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! NN!
!
;#/#/!E42F3(-6(!2?!3(6&,3*'&24!
!
50! '0*'2)*+! .09E8+=1+! 9;! *:+! &/5! )0=! @&/J! '(! 0++=+=! >?! )88! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!
7,)6*'*'90+,(! '0! 9,=+,! *9! +0(4,+! *:)*! *:+! ;406*'90! '(! 6),,'+=! 94*! +;;+6*'F+8?! 90! )88! 8+F+8(! 9;!
19F+,02+0*T!!
!
O+((!*:)0!:)8;!9;!*:+!,+(790=+0*(!Pb#T"iQ!E+,+!79('*'F+8?!P692>'0+=!*9*)8!)1,++2+0*!)0=!1+0+,)8!
)1,++2+0*! ,+(790(+(Q! '0! (4779,*! 9;! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! )88! (*);;! 2+2>+,(! 79((+((+=! )=+e4)*+!
.09E8+=1+!,+1),='01!0)*'90)8!8+1)8!;,)2+E9,.(!)0=!798'6?!=9642+0*(T!5!(4>(+e4+0*!b$i!9;!896)8!
19F+,02+0*! ,+(790=+0*(! P692>'0+=! *9*)8! 9;! *:9(+! ,+(790(+(! '0='6)*'01! (*,9018?! ='()1,++! )0=!
='()1,++Q!='=!09*!(*,9018?!)0=!1+0+,)88?!(4779,*!*:)*!*:+',!(*);;!2+2>+,(!:)=!(4;;'6'+0*!.09E8+=1+!
,+1),='01!*:+!&/5!)0=!@&/JT!<927),)*'F+8?!7,9F'06')8!>)(+=!,+(790(+(!9;!N4(*!9F+,!:)8;!9;!*:+!
7),*'6'7)0*(! PaaT\iQ! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+',! 896)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! 79((+((! )=+e4)*+!
.09E8+=1+!,+1),='01!8+1)8!;,)2+E9,.(!)0=!798'6'+(T!U*!'(!)77),+0*!*:)*!7,9F'06')8!7),*'6'7)0*(!),+!
;),!29,+!690;'=+0*!,+1),='01!*:+!(.'88(!79((+((+=!>?!*:+!896)8!19F+,02+0*!E9,.+,!*:)0!*:+!)6*4)8!
E9,.+,(!*:+2(+8F+(T!
!
M:+! '27)6*! 9;! *:+! 8)6.! 9;! 8+1'(8)*'F+! .09E8+=1+! '(! 68+),8?! F'('>8+! '0! *:+! (+6*'90(! *9! ;9889ER! )0=!
'884(*,)*+(!*:)*!E'*:94*!)!E9,.'01!.09E8+=1+!9;!8+1'(8)*'90R!>9*:!896)8!)0=!='(*,'6*!8+F+8!='()(*+,!,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!;'0=!'*!:),=!*9!,+0=+,!7,97+,!(+,F'6+(!*9!*:+',!692240'*'+(T!
!
Table 9: Enough knowledge of disaster risk management policy and legislation !! C=D,!.&!?2*()(D#$(-=! !!
!! /(0-'()-! >,-'.! E.)#$! T,0D.*0,!C.-#$0!
C.-#$$=!%F',,! "T"i! "T"i! #T#i! aT"i!%F',,! NXMIa! PNM5a! `$Tbi! S4M5a!
7.-!12',! #T`i! $XT"i! #T#i! %"T"i!/(0#F',,! ``T`i! "T"i! IXM4a! `bT"i!
C.-#$$=!/(0#F',,! "T"i! "T"i! %%T#i! #T"i!
!
U0! *:+! E9,.(! 9;! S+88'01! )0=! A'(0+,! P$""dCbXQ! 6'*'01! 3'290+! P$""$Q! '*! :)(! >++0! ,+F+)8+=! )0=!
,+F+,+=! *:)*! '0!2)0?!5;,'6)0! (6+0),'9(!T452$4( -5;&',.&,%( 4$2*( %6&( #*"44#( $,8(5'-$,"X$%"5,$4($,8(
&25,5."2( 2$3$2"%=( %5( 7044=( .&&%( &;&,( "%#( 25'&( %$#*#DU! M:+! ;'0='01(! 9;! *:+! (4,F+?! ,+'0;9,6+! *:'(!
(*)*+2+0*! >?! :'1:8'1:*'01! *:+! 7+,6+'F+=! 8'2'*)*'90(! ;)6+=! >?! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! ,+1),='01! *:+!
NO! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
'278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '0! )! 394*:! 5;,'6)0! 690*+W*T! O'2'*+=! 6)7)6'*?! )0=!
,+(94,6+(! )0=! .09E8+=1+! 40=+,2'0+! '0! 2)0?! 896)8'*'+(! *:+! )>'8'*?! 9;! (*);;! *9! 6),,?! 94*! *:+!
0+6+((),?! =)?V*9V=)?! ;406*'90(! )((96')*+=! E'*:! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! 7),*'648),8?! '0! ,+1),=! *9!
)6*'F'*'+(!E'*:!,+1),=!*9!7,+F+0*'90!)0=!2'*'1)*'90T!!
!
;#/#"!G)21(-+)(,!?2332F(-!'2!(,'*B3&,:!0&,*,'()!@&,<!H*4*6(=(4'!I(4')(,!
!
A'*:! ,+1),=(! *9! *:+! 7,96+=4,+(! >+'01! ;9889E+=! *9! (+*! 47! &'()(*+,! -'(.! /)0)1+2+0*! <+0*,+(!
P&-/<(QR! >9*:! 2+*,9! )0=! ='(*,'6*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! (++2! *9! :)F+! )=:+,+=! *9! *:+! 0+6+((),?!
7,96+=4,+(T!!!5!692>'0+=!*9*)8!9;!\`i!9;!='(*,'6*(!)0=!)!%""i!9;!2+*,9(!)1,++=!9,!*9*)88?!)1,++=!
*:)*!*:+!,'1:*!7,96+=4,+(!:)=!>++0!;9889E+=T!U*!'(!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?!8+F+8R!E:+,+!7,9>8+2(!),'(+!
=4+!*9!*:+!8)6.!9;!.09E8+=1+!9;!*:+!8+1'(8)*'F+!;,)2+E9,.(T
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! NP!
!
&4+! *9! *:+! 69278+W! 0)*4,+! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.R! *:+! &/5! 6)88(! ;9,! )0! '0*+1,)*+=! )77,9)6:! *9! >+!
;9889E+=T! M:'(! '(! *9! >+! )6:'+F+=! >?! =';;+,+0*! 19F+,02+0*! =+7),*2+0*(!E9,.'01! '0! 40'(90! 90! )88!
*'+,(!9;!19F+,02+0*T!U0!*:'(!6,46')8!=+7),*2+0*!9;!6997+,)*'90!)88!896)8!8+F+8!7),*'6'7)0*(!'0='6)*+!)!
89E!8+F+8!9;!7),*'6'7)*'90!)0=!'0F98F+2+0*!;,92!9*:+,!19F+,02+0*!=+7),*2+0*(T!!
!
Figure 30: Municipality departmental involvement in disaster risk management
!
5! 692>'0+=! *9*)8! 9;! bai! 9;! ='(*,'6*! )0=! bbT$! i! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+!
'0F98F+2+0*!9;!9*:+,!=+7),*2+0*(!'(!64,,+0*8?!+'*:+,!40)66+7*)>8+!9,!+W*,+2+8?!40)66+7*)>8+T!5!
8),1+!042>+,!9;!7),*'6'7)0*(!)8(9! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! ;++8! *:)*! *:+!64,,+0*! '0F98F+2+0*!9;!9*:+,!
=+7),*2+0*(! '(! )66+7*)>8+!E'*:! ,992! ;9,! '27,9F+2+0*T! ! 5669,='018?! %#R$i! 9;! ='(*,'6*(R! a"i! 9;!
2+*,9(! )0=! $dTbi! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! (:),+=! *:+! );9,+2+0*'90+=! (+0*'2+0*T! 3'W*?V(+F+0!
7+,6+0*! Pa\iQ! 9;! 7,9F'06')8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! )8(9! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+! 64,,+0*!
('*4)*'90!0++=(! (92+! '27,9F+2+0*T!588! 0'0+!7,9F'06+(! 0++=!4,1+0*! '0*+,F+0*'90!E'*:! ,+1),=! *9!
*:'(! )(7+6*T!A'*:! *:+! )>9F+! 2+0*'90+=! '0! 2'0=! '*! '(! ;)',! *9! ),14+! *:)*! 896)8! 8+F+8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!6)009*!=+8'F+,!90! *:+',! 8+1'(8)*'F+!2)0=)*+(R!>+6)4(+!>9*:! *:+! ;'0)06')8!
)0=!,+(94,6+(!>4,=+0!),+!*99!:+)F?!*9!>+),!)890+T!
!
NX! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
;#/#;! J4C23C(=(4'! 2?! ,'*<(:23-(),! K12==+4&'&(,7! )(,524,(! *6(41&(,7! =+4&1&5*3!
-(5*)'=(4',L!
!
M:+!0+1)*'F+!*,+0=!;,92!*:+!7,+F'94(!e4+(*'90!690*'04+(!E:+0!,+(790=+0*(!E+,+!)(.+=!E:+*:+,!
.+?! (*).+:98=+,(! P692240'*'+(R! ,+(790(+! )1+06'+(R!240'6'7)8! =+7),*2+0*(Q! ),+! '0F98F+=! '0! *:+!
6922'**++(! 7,979(+=! >?! 8+1'(8)*'90T! [08?! $\i! 9;! ='(*,'6*(R! $"i! 9;! 2+*,9(! )0=! %$i! 9;! 896)8!
240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!(*).+:98=+,(!),+!)8E)?(!'0F98F+=!'0!6922'**++(T!U0!29(*!9*:+,!
'0(*)06+(R!XXiR!a"i!)0=!`Xi!9;!,+(790=+0*(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+!(*).+:98=+,(!),+!908?!(92+*'2+(!
'0F98F+=! '0! *:+! 0+6+((),?! 6922'**++(T! 3'W*?V(+F+0! 7+,6+0*! Pa\iQ! 9;! S,9F'06')8! &'()(*+,!
/)0)1+2+0*!9;;'6')8(!)8(9!690;',2+=!*:)*!.+?!(*).+:98=+,(!),+!908?!(92+*'2+(!'0F98F+=T!A'*:94*!
*:+!690(*)0*!'0F98F+2+0*!9;!.+?!(*).+:98=+,(!(46:!)(!692240'*'+(R!,+(790(+!)1+06'+(!)0=!9*:+,!
240'6'7)8! =+7),*2+0*(! 90! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6922'**++(R! )! 68+),! 7'6*4,+! 6)009*! >+!
)**)'0+=!,+1),='01!*:+!='()(*+,!,'(.!7,9;'8+!9;!)!(7+6';'6!),+)T!
!
Figure 31: Outside stakeholder involvement in disaster risk management
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! NQ!
!
37+6';'6! ),+)(! 9;! 6906+,0! ),+! *:+!@9,*:+,0! <)7+R!/742)8)01)R! O'27979!@9,*:VA+(*R! G)4*+01R!
IE)Vc484! @)*)8! )0=! J,++! 3*)*+! S,9F'06+(T! M:'(! 8)6.! 9;! )! :98'(*'6! 7'6*4,+! 8+)=(! *9! '0)=+e4)*+!
7,+F+0*'90!)0=!,+(790(+!78)0(!*9!>+!;9,248)*+=!90!)88!*'+,(!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*T!
!
;#/#M!I225()*'&24!F&':!5)2C&41&*3!*4-!4*'&24*3!62C()4=(4'!
!
57),*! ;,92! 6997+,)*'01!E'*:! 9*:+,!240'6'7)8! =+7),*2+0*(!E'*:'0! *:+',! ),+)! 9;! N4,'(='6*'90R! *:+!
6997+,)*'90!E'*:!0)*'90)8!)0=!7,9F'06')8!19F+,02+0*!'(!)8(9!6,46')88?!'279,*)0*!'0!9,=+,!*9!+0(4,+!
*:)*!*:+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!;406*'90!'(!6),,'+=!94*!+;;+6*'F+8?T!!
!
C#B$,! 66V! ! Extent to which co-operation is experienced between municipalities and disaster risk
management structures at provincial and national level!
!
!!!! C=D,!.&!?2*()(D#$(-=!
/(0-'()-! >,-'.! E.)#$!R'.<(*)(#$! Y+,?!G99=! 36.4%! 0.0%! 20.0%!
G99=! 36.4%! 40.0%! 4XMOa!566+7*)>8+!E'*:!,992!;9,!
'27,9F+2+0*!18.2%! 40.0%! `bT`i!
B0)66+7*)>8+! 9.1%! 20.0%! %\T%i!
LW*,+2+8?!40)66+7*)>8+! 0.0%! 0.0%! 0.0%!
! 11 5 35 ! ! /(0-'()- >,-'. E.)#$
7#-(.*#$! Y+,?!G99=! 10.0%! 0.0%! 11.1%!
G99=! 30.0%! 40.0%! 25.9%!
566+7*)>8+!E'*:!,992!;9,!'27,9F+2+0*!
40.0%! 40.0%! 33.3%!
B0)66+7*)>8+! 10.0%! 20.0%! 25.9%!
LW*,+2+8?!40)66+7*)>8+! 10.0%! 0.0%! 3.7%!
! 10 5 27
!
!
M:+! ,+8)*'90(:'7! >+*E++0! ='(*,'6*(! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*! (++2! *9! >+! F+,?! :+)8*:?R! E'*:! )!
692>'0+=! *9*)8!9;!\`i!9;!='(*,'6*(! '0='6)*'01! *:)*! *:+?!:)F+!+'*:+,!)!199=!9,!F+,?!199=! 8+F+8!9;!
6997+,)*'90! E'*:! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*T! 3'2'8),8?! 7,9F'06')8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(!
(:9E! :'1:! *9! F+,?! :'1:! '0(*)06+(! 9;! 199=! 6997+,)*'90! E'*:! *:+',! 896)8R! ='(*,'6*! )0=! 2+*,9!
240'6'7)8'*'+(T!!
O5! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
!
Figure 32: Cooperation between provincial and local government on disaster risk management (Provincial views)
!
A'*:! ,+1),=(! *9! *:+',! ,+8)*'90(:'7!E'*:! *:+!@)*'90)8! &'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*! <+0*,+! *:+! ('*4)*'90!
899.!8+((!97*'2'(*'6T
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! O6!
!
b"Vb"i! (78'*! )778'+(! *9! 2+*,9f(! ,+8)*'90(:'7! E'*:! 0)*'90)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! U0! *:'(! 6)(+!
2+6:)0'(2(! (:948=! >+! 74*! '0! 78)6+! 9,! '27,9F+=! P+T1T! S,9F'06')8! &'()(*+,! -'(.! /)0)1+2+0*!
5=F'(9,?!J9,42Q! *9!>,'01!)>94*!)!79('*'F+!6:)01+! '0! *:+! 8+F+8!9;! 69V97+,)*'90!>+*E++0!0)*'90)8!
)0=!2+*,9798'*)0!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*R!)0=!2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!7,9F'06')8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T!
!
5! 692>'0+=! *9*)8! 9;! bdi!9;! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+',! ,+8)*'90(:'7!E'*:! 7,9F'06')8!
19F+,02+0*! '(! +'*:+,! 199=! 9,! F+,?! 199=T! 39! )8*:941:! *:+! ,+8)*'90(:'7! '(! 09*! 69278+*+8?!
=?(;406*'90)8! *:+,+!),+! (*'88!X%i!9;!7),*'6'7)0*(! *:)*!E)0*! *:'(! ,+8)*'90(:'7! *9!>+! '27,9F+=T!M:+!
8+F+8! 9;! 6997+,)*'90! >+*E++0! 896)8! )0=! 0)*'90)8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )8(9! 0++=(! (92+!
'27,9F+2+0*T! M:',*?V*:,++! 7+,6+0*! P``T`iQ! 9;! 7),*'6'7)0*(! F9'6+=! *:'(! (+0*'2+0*! )0=! )! ;4,*:+,!
$ai! ;+8*! *:)*! *:+',! 64,,+0*! 8+F+8! 9;! 6997+,)*'90! E'*:! 0)*'90)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! '(!
40)66+7*)>8+T! 37+6';'6! 7,9>8+2! ),+)(! ),+! O'27979R! /742)8)01)R! @9,*:VA+(*R! @9,*:+,0! <)7+R!
J,++! 3*)*+! )0=! IE)Vc484! @)*)8T! M:4(! *:+,+! '(! )! 0++=! *9! '27,9F+! *:+! ,+8)*'90(:'7! >+*E++0! *:+!
:'1:+(*! 8+F+8! 9;! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*R! *:+! @&/<R! )0=! *:9(+! 896)8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!
(*,46*4,+(!689(+(*!*9!*:+!692240'*?T!
!
;#/#N!9-+1*'&24!*4-!(-+1*'&24!5)2O(1',!&4!0&,*,'()!@&,<!
!
M:+!&/5!)8(9!78)6+(!)!690('=+,)>8+!+27:)('(!90!7,9F'='01!+=46)*'90!*9!692240'*'+(!E'*:!,+1),=!
*9! '((4+(! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.T! 5(! )! ,+(48*! 9;! *:+',! 689(+! 7,9W'2'*?! *9! 692240'*'+(R! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*!
='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(:948=!>+!)*!*:+!;9,+;,90*!9;!7,9F'='01!)=+e4)*+!+=46)*'90!90!='()(*+,!
,'(.! '((4+(! *9! 692240'*'+(T! U0! *:'(! ,+1),=! a\i! 9;! ='(*,'6*! )0=! a"i! 9;!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*?!
7),*'6'7)0*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+',! 240'6'7)8'*?! )8E)?(! 78)?(! )! 8+)='01! ,98+! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9!
+=46)*'01! 692240'*'+(T! 3'10';'6)0*! 7,91,+((! :)(! *:4(! >++0! 2)=+! 90! *:+(+! *E9! *'+,(! 9;! 896)8!
19F+,02+0*!E'*:!,+1),=(!*9!+=46)*'90!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.R!>4*!*:+,+!'(!)8(9!,992!;9,!'27,9F+2+0*T!50!
'27,+(('F+!d$i!9;!&'(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)8(9!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!*9*)88?!)1,++!9,!)1,++!*:)*!*:+',!
240'6'7)8'*?! 6997+,)*+(! E'*:! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *9! 7,9F'=+! +=46)*'90! 7,9N+6*(! '0! 692240'*'+(!
,+8)*'01!*9!='()(*+,!'((4+(T!!
O4! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
Figure 33: Extent to which municipalities play a leading role in the education of communities with regard to disaster risk issues
!
3'W*?!7+,6+0*!Pa"iQ!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?!,+(790=+0*(!(:),+=!*:+!()2+!(+0*'2+0*!E'*:!,+1),=(!*9!
6997+,)*'01! E'*:! *:+',! ='(*,'6*T! M:+(+! 79('*'F+! ;'14,+(! ),+! 9F+,(:)=9E+=! *:941:! >?! *:+! 8+((!
;)F94,)>8+!,+(48*(!;,92!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! OI!
!
;#/#P!Q2)=*3!*4-!&4?2)=*3!-&,*,'()!)&,<!=*4*6(=(4'!5)2O(1',!
!
&'()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!)0=!(*,46*4,+(!),+!)8(9!,+e4',+=!*9!'0'*')*+!;9,2)8!='()(*+,!,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*! 7,9N+6*(! *9! :+87! ,+=46+! *:+! ,'(.! ;)6+=! >?! 692240'*'+(T! 51)'0! ='(*,'6*! )0=!
2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!;),+!;)',8?!E+88!E'*:!\Xi!9;!='(*,'6*(!)0=!#"i!9;!2+*,9(!'0='6)*'01!*:)*!
*:+?! :)F+! ;9,2)8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 7,9N+6*(! '0! 78)6+T! M:'(! E)(! 690;',2+=! >?! #"i! 9;!
7,9F'06')8!='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!9;;'6')8(T
OS! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
*:+',! 692240'*'+(! ,+8)*'01! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! '((4+(T! J9,*?! 7+,6+0*! Pb"iQ! 9;! )88! 2+*,9798'*)0!
7),*'6'7)0*(! )8(9! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! 09! '0;9,2)8! 7,9N+6*(! '0! *:+',! ),+)(T! 37+6';'6! 7,9>8+2!
),+)(! ),+! O'27979R! /742)8)01)R! J,++! 3*)*+! )0=! IE)Vc484! @)*)8T! 5! 79(('>8+! ,+)(90! ;9,! *:'(!
('*4)*'90!6948=!>+!*:)*!*:+!64,,+0*!+=46)*'90!9,!;9,2)8!7,9N+6*(!=9!09*!+27:)('(+!*:+!2)10'*4=+!
9;! *:+! ,'(.! 692240'*'+(! ;)6+! 9,! *:+! '279,*)06+! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,+=46*'90! '0! (9! ;),! )(! *9! 1+0+,)*+!
(4;;'6'+0*! '0*+,+(*! ;9,! *:+! (4>N+6*! E'*:'0! *:+',! 692240'*'+(T! M:4(! '*! '(! '279,*)0*! *:)*! ;4*4,+!
='()(*+,!,'(.!+=46)*'90!)0=!;9,2)8!,'(.!,+=46*'90!7,9N+6*(!>+!;9,248)*+=!'0!(46:!)!E)?!*:)*!)!(+0(+!
9;! )6*'F'(2! '(! 1+0+,)*+=! *9E),=! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! '((4+(! E'*:'0! 692240'*'+(T! M:'(! )((427*'90! '(!
,+'0;9,6+=!>?!*:+!,+(48*(!,+8)*'01!*9!*:+!290'*9,'01!2+6:)0'(2(!'0!78)6+!*9!2+)(4,+!*:+!7,91,+((!
9;! *:+(+! ;9,2)8!)0=! '0;9,2)8!7,9N+6*(T
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! ON!
!
Figure 34: Disaster Risk Management Plan form part of the municipality’s IDP
!
M:+! 692>'0+=! (69,+(! ;9,! ='(*,'6*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E)(! #`i! P7),*')88?jX"iR! 69278+*+8?j``iQR!
2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E)(! \Xi! P7),*')88?jX"iR! 69278+*+8?j$XiQ! )0=! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(!
abi!P7),*')88?j``iR!69278+*+8?j`%iQT!58*:941:!*:+(+!(69,+(!),+!199=R!*:+?!(:948=!>+!F'+E+=!'0!
*:+! 8'1:*!9;! *:+!e4+(*'90! *:)*! ;9889E(R! ,+8)*'01! *9! *:+!)6*4)8! '0*+1,)*'90! '0*9! *:+! U&ST! U*! '(! '0! *:'(!
),+)!E:+,+!*:+!)>9F+V2+0*'90+=!042>+,(!899(+!*:+',!84(*,+T!!!
!
OO! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
Figure 35: Disaster Risk Management Plan has been integrated into the municipality’s IDP
!
[08?! `ai! 9;! ='(*,'6*(R! a"i! 9;! 2+*,9(! )0=! %\i! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! )6*4)88?! '0*+1,)*+! *:+',!
='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(!'0*9!*:+',!U&S!)0=!+F+0!'0!*:+(+!6',642(*)06+(!'(!'*!=+(6,'>+=!)(!908?!
>+'01!=90+!966)('90)88?!>?!,+(790=+0*(T!5!78)0!*:)*!'(!'0*+1,)*+=!'0*9!*9!*:+!U&S!(*)0=(!)!>+**+,!
6:)06+!*9!>+!'278+2+0*+=R!)0=!*:+!64,,+0*!8)6.!9;!'0*+1,)*'90!'0*9!*:+!U&S!+W78)'0(!E:?!='()(*+,!
,'(.!,+=46*'90!=9+(!09*!?+*!;9,2!)!(+,'94(!7),*!9;!=+F+8972+0*!'0'*')*'F+(!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8!8+F+8T!
588!0'0+!PdQ!7,9F'06+(!(:948=!'27,9F+!*:+!'0*+1,)*'90!9;!*:+',!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(!E'*:!
+W'(*'01!U&S!7,96+((+(R!'0!8'1:*!9;!*:+!;)6*!*:)*!)88!7,9F'06+(!+W7+,'+06+=!)!(+F+,+!=+;'6'+06?!'0!*:'(!
),+)T!!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! OP!
!
NMI! /(<(0(.*!.&!'.$,0!#*3!',0D.*0(B($(-(,0!B,-U,,*!-8,!D'.<(*)(#$!F.<,'*?,*-0b!3(0-'()-b!?,-'.D.$(-#*!#*3!$.)#$!?2*()(D#$(-(,0!!
;#"#$! %(C(3!2?!&4C23C(=(4'!&4!-&,*,'()!)&,<!=*4*6(=(4'!B.!2':()!)23(!S!53*.(),!
!
5! 2+,+! \R\i! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! :)F+! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! ),+! ()*'(;'+=! E'*:! *:+! 8+F+8! 9;!
'0F98F+2+0*! '0!='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!>?!9*:+,! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0! *:+',!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!J9,*?V*E9!
Pb$iQ!9;! ,+(790='01! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!:)F+!+W7,+((+=!7),*')8! ()*'(;)6*'90R!E:'6:!2+)0(! *:)*!)!
8),1+!7+,6+0*)1+!9;!,+(790=+0*(!),+!(*'88!09*!()*'(;'+=!E'*:!*:+!8+F+8!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!>?!9*:+,!,98+V78)?+,(! '0!*:+',!240'6'7)8'*'+(T! !ME9!)8),2'01!;'14,+(!),+!*:)*!$Xi!9;!
896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *:)*! ),+! 40()*'(;'+=! )0=! )829(*! $"i! P%diQ! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *:)*!
+W7+,'+06+!'0F98F+2+0*!9;!9*:+,!,98+V78)?+,(!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!,)0.!*:+!'0F98F+2+0*!)(!
F+,?!40()*'(;)6*9,?T!!!
!
Table 14: Level of involvement in disaster risk management by other role-players in municipalities
!!!!
C=D,!.&!?2*()(D#$(-=! !!
/(0-'()-! >,-'.! E.)#$! T,0D.*0,!C.-#$0!
A,'=!0#-(0&(,3! 0.0%! "T"i! #Tai! XT#i!
1#-(0&(,3! #T`i! $"T"i! XT\i! \T\i!
R#'-(#$!0#-(0&#)-(.*! S6MPa! X5M5a! IPM6a! b$T`i!
;*0#-(0&#)-.'=! ``T`i! "T"i! $XT\i! $XT"i!
A,'=!2*0#-(0&#)-.'=! %aT\i! "T"i! $$Tdi! %dT$i!
!
392+!9;! *:+!,+)(90(! ;9,! *:+!='(()*'(;)6*'90!E'*:!*:+! 8+F+8!9;! '0F98F+2+0*!9;! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0! 896)8!
240'6'7)8'*'+(!),+!:'1:8'1:*+=!>+89E!)(!1)*:+,+=!;,92!*:+!e4)8'*)*'F+!'074*!>?!,+(790=+0*(!E'*:'0!
896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(C!
!
CDIDEDE(Y,24&$'('54&#Z'#,#"<"4"%"&#(!
392+!=+7),*2+0*(!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8!8+F+8!(*'88!F'+E!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)(!*:+!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!
/)0)1+2+0*!<+0*,+f(!,+(790('>'8'*?T!!<997+,)*'90!)0=!;9,2)8!,+(790(+!*9!7,'2),?!)0=!(+690=),?!
,98+(!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)*! 896)8! 8+F+8!),+! 8'2'*+=T! !58*:941:!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!
OX! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
(:948=!>+!+F+,?90+f(!>4('0+((R!2)0?!=+7),*2+0*(!F'+E!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)(!908?!*:+!='()(*+,!
2)0)1+2+0*! =+7),*2+0*f(! ,+(790('>'8'*?T! ! O96)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+! *:)*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*! '(! 09*! )! 7,'9,'*?! ;9,! 9*:+,! =+7),*2+0*(! )*! 896)8! 8+F+8! )0=! *:+(+! =+7),*2+0*(!
690(*)0*8?!0++=!*9!>+!,+2'0=+=!9;!*:+',!,98+!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!
!
M:+! ;406*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! '(! 09*! 68+),8?! 40=+,(*99=! )*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8R! E:'6:!
2).+(! '*! =';;'648*! *9! >+! 7,'9,'*'H+=! )(! )! ;406*'90! )*! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8T! ! M:+! ;406*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,!
2)0)1+2+0*! '(! 9;*+0! 908?! (++0! *9! >+! *:)*! 9;! ,+(790(+! *9! '06'=+0*(! 9,! ='()(*+,! )*! 896)8! 8+F+8T!!!
5=='*'90)88?R! 7+978+! '0! F),'94(! =+7),*2+0*(! )*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! =9! 09*! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',!
,+(7+6*'F+!,98+(^,+(790('>'8'*'+(!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T!!!
!
CDIDEDG(H",$,2"$4("##0&#((
5(! '0='6)*+=! >?! ,+(790=+0*(! E'*:'0! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *:+,+! '(! )! 8)6.! 9;! 6922'*2+0*! *9! *:+!
>4=1+*!)0=!*:+! U&ST! !M:+,+!+W'(*(!)! 8)6.!9;! ;'0)06')8!6922'*2+0*!E:+0! '*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*! )*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8T! ! J4,*:+,29,+R! *:+,+! '(! )! 799,! 8+F+8! 9;! '0F98F+2+0*! 9;!
(*).+:98=+,(!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!>4=1+*'01!)0=!78)00'01!)0=!+F+0!69278')06+!*9!*:+!@&/J!)0=!*:+!
&/5T! ! M:+(+!2+0*'90+=! ;'0)06')8! 690(*,)'0*(! ),+! 6:)88+01'01!)0=!E:+0! *:+,+!),+! 6)(+(!9;!090V
69278')06+! *:+,+! ),+! 09! 690(+e4+06+(! 9,! 8+1)8! ,)2';'6)*'90(! *:)*! *:+(+! '0='F'=4)8(! 9,!
=+7),*2+0*(!6)0!+W7+6*!*9!;)6+T!!5!(7+6';'6!+W)278+!*:)*!(*99=!94*!;,92!*:+!e4)8'*)*'F+!'074*!E)(!
*:+! ;9889E'01C! T!0'",-( %6&( :&,5365<"2( $%%$2*#( 50'(+0,"2"3$4(+$,$-&'( $33'5;&8( $,( $'&$( %5( <&(
0#&8(75'($225..58$%"5,(75'(;"2%".#(75'(96"26(%6&(7",$,2"$4(#0335'%(2$.&(7'5.(6".(3&'#5,$44=($#(
+0,"2"3$4( +$,$-&'DU! ! M:'(! '0='6)*+(! 799,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;! )8896)*+=! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!
;40=(!)0=!,+(94,6+(R!,+;8+6*(!799,!78)00'01!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!,+(790='01!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!('*4)*'90(!
9,!6,'(+(!E'*:'0!*:+!(7+6';'6!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?T!!!
!
CDIDEDI(!"#%'"<0%"5,(57('2'2&#(!
5669,='01!*9!*:+!e4)8'*)*'F+!'074*!1)*:+,+=!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8!8+F+8R!(6:998(!),+!F+,?!F480+,)>8+!'0!
*:+!='(*,'6*!)0=!),+!9;*+0!0+1)*'F+8?!);;+6*+=!>?!='()(*+,(T!!M:+!7,9>8+2!)669,='01!*9!,+(790=+0*(!
'(! *:)*! *:+! &+7),*2+0*! 9;! L=46)*'90! '(! *99! =+6+0*,)8'(+=! )0=! ;'0=(! '*! =';;'648*! *9! 699,='0)*+! '*(!
;406*'90(^,+(790('>'8'*'+(T!!J4,*:+,29,+R!*:+!;+E!,98+V78)?+,(!*:)*!),+!7),*'6'7)*'01!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! OQ!
!
2)0)1+2+0*!)*!896)8!8+F+8!8)6.!*:+!)77,97,')*+!,+(94,6+(!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!*:+',!,+(790('>'8'*'+(T!!
/)0?!,+(790=+0*(!)8(9!(*)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!09*!:)F+!)!&/<!E'*:'0!*:+',!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?T!!J'0)88?!
2)0?! ,+(790=+0*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! (92+! 9;! *:+! =+7),*2+0*(! )*! 896)8! 8+F+8! =9! 09*! 7),*'6'7)*+!
+;;+6*'F+8?! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! 7,9F'='01! 2'*'1)*'01! '*+2(! ,+e4',+=! >?! );;+6*+=! ;)2'8'+(! =4,'01!
='()(*+,!,'(.!('*4)*'90(T!!!
!
CDIDEDK(L'$2%"%"5,&'#Z8&3$'%.&,%$4(3'5<4&.#(!
O96)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!'0!2)0?!),+)(!*:+,+!'(!09!6922'*2+0*!>?!(+6*9,!=+7),*2+0*(!
*9E),=!*:+',!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!!M:+,+!'(!)8(9!9;*+0!799,!)**+0=)06+!
>?! =+7),*2+0*(! )*! U&SR! 9,! '0*+,V19F+,02+0*)8! ,+8)*'90(! 2++*'01(! )(! E+88! )(! )*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
2)0)1+2+0*!;9,42(!),,)01+=!>?!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T!!!
!
-+(790=+0*(! ;4,*:+,! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! '0*+,0)8! =+7),*2+0*(! )*! *:+! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8! =9! 09*!
6997+,)*+!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!*:)*!*:+(+!=+7),*2+0*(!=9!09*!(4779,*!
*:+! '0'*')*'F+(^)6*'F'*'+(! 9;! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! 50! +W)278+! ;,92! ,+(790=+0*(! ,+8)*'01! *9!
6997+,)*'90R!(*)*+=!*:+!;9889E'01C!!
!
T[&(6$;&( '&V0&#%&8( '&35'%#( 7'5.($( ;$'"&%=(57(8&3$'%.&,%#( ",;54;&8( ",($( \5",%(]3&'$%",-(F&,%'&(
&$'4"&'( %6"#( =&$'($,8(9&($'&( #%"44(9$"%",-( 75'( %6&( '&V0"'&8( ",75'.$%"5,($4%650-6( %6"#( '&V0&#%(9$#(
.$8&(.5,%6#($-5DU(((
!
M:'(! ,+;8+6*(! *:+! 8)6.! 9;! 6997+,)*'90! *:)*! 2)0?! ,+(790=+0*(! :)F+! ,+;+,,+=! *9! )0=! E'*:94*!
=+7),*2+0*! '074*! '*! >+692+(! F+,?! =';;'648*! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! *9! '0'*')*+! '0;9,2+=!
=+6'('90V2).'01!)0=!=+F+897!,+8+F)0*!,'(.!,+=46*'90!78)0(^(*,)*+1'+(T!
P5! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
CDIDEDC(+$,$-&.&,%Z25..0,"2$%"5,(#%'02%0'&#(!
Y),'94(! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+,+! :)(! >++0! 09! ;9,2)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*!
(*,46*4,+!(+*!47!'0!*:+',!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!*:)*!'0!(92+!6)(+(!*:+,+!:)(!>++0!09!)=F'(9,?!;9,42!
+(*)>8'(:+=! )(! ?+*T! -+(790=+0*(! )8(9! 6'*+=! *:+! 8)6.! 9;! 690(48*)*'90! E'*:! (*).+:98=+,(! )0=!
'279,*)0*!,98+V78)?+,(R!(46:!)(!6,'*'6)8!,+(790(+!)1+06'+(!'0!*:+!='(*,'6*!)(!;)6*9,(R!E:'6:!2)=+!'*!
=';;'648*!*9!(466+((;488?!;406*'90!)(!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T!!!
!
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),+! 692240'6)*+=! E'*:! 908?! E:+0! *:+! ='(*,'6*! :)(! *:+! 0++=! *9! 690F+?! '0;9,2)*'90! *9! 896)8!
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2)N9,!'((4+(!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!*:+!'((4+!9;!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!*:+!,+8)*+=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(T!!!
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8+F+8!)(!>+'01!)!2)'0!690*,'>4*9,!*9!*:+!8)6.!9;!'0F98F+2+0*C!T[&(A%6&(452$4(8"#$#%&'(.$,$-&.&,%(
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*:+!,+(790=+0*(!'(!*:+!8)6.!9;!(4(*)'0)>'8'*?!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!*:+!;)6*!
*:)*! *:+,+! '(! 09! *,)0(7),+06?T! ! A'*:94*! *,)0(7),+06?! ,98+V78)?+,(! )0=! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*!
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(++2! *9! >+! F+,?! '0('10';'6)0*! 6927),+=! *9! *:+! 8+F+8! 9;! ='(()*'(;)6*'90! 9,! 7),*')8! ()*'(;)6*'90!
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*:+!<9,79,)*+!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!S8)0!)(!E+88!)(! *:+!&/5!;9,!2'09,^2)N9,! '06'=+0*(T! !M:+(+!
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'((4+(R!,+79,*'01!*9!*:+!5=F'(9,?!J9,42!E'*:'0!*:+',!240'6'7)8'*?T!!O96)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!(*)*+=!*:)*!
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J';*?!PX"iQ!7+,6+0*!9;!7,9F'06')8!,+(790=+0*(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!),+!7),*')88?!()*'(;'+=!)0=!)829(*!
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=+(7'*+! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! )8*:941:! %\i! 9;! *:+! ,+(790=+0*(! :)F+! )8(9! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+! 8+F+8! 9;!
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!
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,+8)*'01!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T! 
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!
Table 15: Extent to which there is a clear definition of roles and responsibilities between the various role-players in the municipality relating to disaster risk management
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78)?+,(!=9!09*!.09E!E:)*!'(!+W7+6*+=!9;!*:+2!'*!>+692+(!=';;'648*!;9,!*:+2!*9!=+8'F+,!690(*,46*'F+!
'074*!9,!7,9F'=+!(4779,*!)*!896)8!8+F+8T!M:+!799,!40=+,(*)0='01!9;!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!2)?!>+!
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6+0*! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! )*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+,+! '(! 6927+*+! 68),'*?! ,+8)*'01! *9! *:+!
=+;'0'*'90! 9;! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+*E++0! *:+! F),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0! *:+! 240'6'7)8'*'+(!
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*:+! 2+,+! %$i! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! (*)*'01! *:)*! *:+! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! ),+! 69278+*+8?!
68+),T! ! U;! *:+,+! '(! (46:! )! :'1:! 40=+,(*)0='01! 9;! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8R! '27,9F+=!
692240'6)*'90!(*,46*4,+(!2)?!>+!)>8+!*9!'27,9F+!*:+!;89E!9;!'0;9,2)*'90!;,92!7,9F'06')8!*9!896)8!
8+F+8T! !509*:+,!,+)(90!;9,!*:+!>'1!=';;+,+06+! '0!40=+,(*)0='01!)2901(*! 896)8!)0=!7,9F'06')8!,98+V
78)?+,(!2)?!>+!=4+!*9!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!09*!>+'01!=+;'0+=!68+),8?!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!;9,!*:9(+!,98+V
78)?+,(!E:9!),+! '278+2+0*'01! *:+(+!=4*'+(T! ! 392+! ;9,2!9;! 692240'6)*'90!690*,98!0++=(! *9!>+!
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2)0)1+2+0*!,98+V78)?+,(!)*! 896)8! 8+F+8T! !M:+!()2+!690*,98!;406*'90!0++=(!*9!>+! '0(*)*+=!)*! 896)8!
8+F+8! *9! +0(4,+! *:)*! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! ),+! )=N4(*+=! *9! (4'*! 896)8! 8+F+8! 0++=(! )0=! '(! *:+0!
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896)8! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! ,98+V78)?+,(! (:948=! >+! 68),';'+=! >+;9,+! *:+?! 0++=! *9!
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,+(790('>'8'*'+(! ),+! 908?! 7),*')88?! 68+),! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! *:+! F),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0! *:+!
240'6'7)8'*'+(!E'*:'0! *:+!7,9F'06+! ,+8)*'01! *9!='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T! !M:'(!6)88(! ;9,! '27,9F+=!
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240'6'7)8'*'+(f! ,98+V78)?+,(! ),+! 908?! 7),*')88?! 68+),! 90! *:+',! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! ,+8)*'01! *9!
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!
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7,9F'06')8! ,+(790=+0*(! 2)?! >+! =4+! *9! *:+! ,+(790=+0*(f! ;++8'01(! *:)*! *:+! T9'5,-( 3&534&U! ),+!
)779'0*+=!)(!,98+V78)?+,(!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!!M:'(!6)0!>+!)==,+((+=!>?!
+'*:+,!*,)'0'01!*:+!64,,+0*!,98+V78)?+,(!*9!'27,9F+!*:+',!6)7)6'*?!9,!,+V+W)2'0'01!*:+!*?7+!9;!,98+V
78)?+,(!,+e4',+=!)*!>9*:!896)8!)0=!7,9F'06')8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!8+F+8T!!S,97+,!*,)'0'01!E'88!)8(9!
)(('(*! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0! 40=+,(*)0='01! *:+',! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )0=! *:'(! '0! *4,0! E'88! '27,9F+! *:+',!
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Figure 36: Perception by municipalities of the understanding by politicians of their role in disaster risk management
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Figure 37: Perception by provinces of the understanding by politicians of their role in disaster risk management
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Figure 38: Extent to which politicians have communicated effectively with disaster risk management officials
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Figure 39: Interdepartmental consideration of disaster risk reduction relating to planning and budgeting for different activities and projects
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='(64((!*:+!F),'94(!,+(+),6:!;'0='01(!'0!*+,2(!9;!;40='01!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!
;#8#$!!9,'*B3&,:=(4'!*4-!=*&4'(4*41(!2?!*!0&,*,'()!H*4*6(=(4'!I(4')(!
!5669,='01! *9! *:+! =)*)! ,+6+'F+=! ;,92! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! a"T#i! :)F+! 0+F+,! ,+6+'F+=! 19F+,02+0*)8!
1,)0*(!;9,!*:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!)!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!40'*R!E:+,+)(!``i!9;!*:+!7,9F'06+(!
'0='6)*+! *:)*! ;40='01! :)(! >++0! )F)'8)>8+! ;9,! *:'(! 74,79(+T! ! J4,*:+,29,+! \XTdi! 9;! *:+! *),1+*+=!
240'6'7)8'*'+(! ()?! *:)*! *:+?!:)F+!0+F+,! 690*,'>4*+=! ;40='01! *9! *:+!2)'0*+0)06+!9;! *:+!='()(*+,!
,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+!9,!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!'0!*:+',!1+91,)7:'6!),+)!9;!,+(790('>'8'*?T!M:'(!
6)0! >+! )**,'>4*+=! *9! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*!29,+! *:)0!:)8;! 8)6.! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(! )*! *:+!
896)8!8+F+8T!
!
XS! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
Figure 40: Grants received by municipalities to establish disaster risk management centres
!
[08?!\T#i!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!(*)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!)8E)?(!,+6+'F+!1,)0*(R!'0684='01!690='*'90)8!1,)0*(!9,!
(4>('='+(!;,92!0)*'90)8!9,!7,9F'06')8!19F+,02+0*(!;9,!*:+!2)'0*+0)06+!P9019'01!97+,)*'90(Q!9;!)!
='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 40'*! 9,! 6+0*,+! )*! *:+!240'6'7)8'*?T! ! [0! *:+! 9*:+,! :)0=R! \bTXi!9;! *:+!
7,9F'06')8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!2+0*'90+=!*:)*!*:+?!:)F+!2)=+!;40='01!)F)'8)>8+!;9,!*:+!
)>9F+!2+0*'90+=!74,79(+!)*! 8+)(*!906+!>+;9,+T! !M:'(! '(!;40='01!;,92!7,9F'06')8^0)*'90)8! 8+F+8!*9!
*:+!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)*!*:+!896)8! 8+F+8!P896)8R!='(*,'6*!)0=!2+*,9QT!M:'(!='(6,+7)06?!'0!*:+!=)*)!,)'(+(!
e4+(*'90(! )>94*! *:+! ;89E! 9;! 290+?! ;,92! *:+! 7,9F'06+(! *9! *:+! 896)8! 8+F+8! );*+,! '*! E)(! 2)=+!
)F)'8)>8+T!!
!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! XN!
!
Figure 41: Provincial financial contribution towards municipal disaster risk management
[;!*:+!%$Tai!9;!,+(790=+0*(!E:9!.0+E!:9E!*9!)66+((!*:+!690*'01+06?!;40='01!7,9F'=+=!>?!*:+!
7,9F'06')8!9,!0)*'90)8!19F+,02+0*!906+!*:+!*:,+(:98=!9;!"TXi!*9!%i!9;!9E0!,+F+04+!6988+6*+=!>?!
*:+!240'6'7)8'*'+(!:)(!>++0!+W6++=+=!;9,!,+(790(+R!,+69F+,?!)0=!,+:)>'8'*)*'90!)0=!690(*,46*'90!
+;;9,*(! P)(! '0! *:+! 6)(+!9;!='()(*+,(QR!908?!aT`i!9;! *:+(+! '0='F'=4)8(!:)F+!7,+F'94(8?!)66+((+=! *:+!
2+0*'90+=! ;40='01T! ! 5! ;4,*:+,! a"Tbi! :)F+! ()'=! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! 0+F+,! )66+((+=! *:+! ;40=(R! ),+!
40(4,+! :9E! *9! )66+((! *:+! ;40=(! 9,! ),+! 406+,*)'0! ';! *:+! ;40=(! :)F+! >++0! )66+((+=! '0! *:+',!
240'6'7)8'*?T!S,+F'94(!,+(+),6:!,+79,*(!)8(9!:'1:8'1:*!*:'(!7,9>8+2T!!k14%650-6(%6&#&(3'5;"#"5,#(",(
%6&(12%($,8(%6&(-0"8&4",&#(",(%6&(H'$.&95'*(&:"#%@("%("#(,5%($49$=#(24&$'(96"26(3'52&##&#(#65048(<&(
754459&8( <=( .0,"2"3$4"%"&#( %5( $22&##( %6"#( 70,8",-@( &2"$44=( 96&,( "%( #65048( <&( 3'5;"8&8( <=( %6&(
5%6&'( %95( #36&'&#( 57( -5;&',.&,%( A,$%"5,$4( 5'( 3'5;",2"$4BD( ( J%( "#( $4#5( ,5%( 24&$'( %5( 96$%( &:%&,%(
.0,"2"3$4"%"&#( #65048( 70,8(8"#$#%&'( '"#*(.$,$-&.&,%( 50%( 57( %6&"'( 59,(<08-&%#l! PY'((+,! )0=!Y)0!
@'+.+,.R!$""dC#QT!
XO! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
!
;#8#/!! 9U'()4*3!,2+)1(,!2?!?+4-&46!
!
5*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! 908?! X"i! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(! :)F+! ,+6+'F+=! ,+(94,6+(! *:)*!
:)F+! >++0! 8+F+,)1+=! ;,92! *:+! 7,'F)*+! (+6*9,! ;9,! *:+! 2)'0*+0)06+! 9;! *:+! 6+0*,+T! 5*! 896)8!
19F+,02+0*!8+F+8R!908?!dTdi!:)(!)*!90+!(*)1+!,+6+'F+=!,+(94,6+(!;,92!*:+!7,'F)*+!(+6*9,!E'*:!908?!
$T$i!90!)!(+2'V,+148),!>)('(T!!M:)*!2+)0(!*:)*!#dT%i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!:)F+!0+F+,!,+6+'F+=!
,+(94,6+(! ;,92!*:+!7,'F)*+!(+6*9,! ;9,! *:+!2)'0*+0)06+!9;! *:+!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+T!M:'(!
:'1:8'1:*(! *:)*! *:+! 7),*'6'7)*'90! 9;! *:+! 7,'F)*+! (+6*9,! )*! *:+! 896)8! 8+F+8! '0! ;40='01! )6*'F'*'+(! :)(!
>++0!2'0'2)8T! &'()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! '(! )! 7,96+((! *:)*! ,+e4',+(! )! *,)0(V(+6*9,)8! )77,9)6:T! U*! '(!
0+6+((),?!*9!>,'01!F),'94(!(*).+:98=+,(!*9!>+!7),*!9;!*:'(!7,96+((T!U*!'0684=+(!*:+!19F+,02+0*!)*!)88!
8+F+8(R! 692240'*'+(R! *:+! 69,79,)*+! (+6*9,! )0=! 9*:+,(! (46:! )(! )6)=+2'6')0(! )0=! '0*+,0)*'90)8!
)6*9,(T!!!!
!
Table 16: Local municipalities’ financial contribution to disaster risk management
! C=D,!.&!?2*()(D#$(-=!!/(0-'()-! E.)#$!
+.?D$,-,$=! "T"i! XTdi!R#'-(#$$=! dT%i! %%T#i!
;*),'-#(*! "T"i! XTdi!1,$3.?! dT%i! XTdi!
7.-!#-!#$$! X6MXa! P5MOa!!
5*! 896)8! 8+F+8R! )829(*! #Xi! 9;! *:+! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! :)F+! 0+F+,! ,+6+'F+=! ;40='01! ;9,! ='()(*+,!
2)0)1+2+0*! )6*'F'*'+(! ;,92! 9*:+,! 9,1)0'()*'90(! 9,! '0(*'*4*'90(^74>8'6! +0*'*'+(R! (46:! )(! *:+!
&+F+8972+0*! D)0.! 9;! 394*:! 5;,'6)T! ! [0! *:+! 9*:+,! :)0=R! aaT\i! 9;! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! ='()(*+,!
2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!:)(!)*!(92+!(*)1+!,+6+'F+=!;40='01!)0=!%aT\i!:)(!)8E)?(!,+6+'F+=!;40='01!
;,92! 9,1)0'()*'90(! (46:! )(! *:+! &+F+8972+0*! D)0.! 9;! 394*:! 5;,'6)T! ! M:'(! )1)'0! (:9E(! *:)*! *:+!
;40='01!(92+:9E!=9+(!09*!,+)6:!*:+!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!E:+,+!'*!2)?>+!0++=+=!*:+!29(*!9,!
'*!'(!4068+),!';!'*!'(!4*'8'(+=!;9,!9*:+,!)6*'F'*'+(T!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! XP!
!
;#8#"! !Q+4-&46!?2)!0&,*,'()!@&,<!@(-+1'&24!G)2O(1',!
!
TS6&(!"#$#%&'(+$,$-&.&,%(12%(A12%(CP(57(G^^GB(.$*&#(#3&2"7"2(3'5;"#"5,(",@(F6$3%&'(N(57(%6&(12%@(
75'(%6&(70,8",-(57(35#%?8"#$#%&'('&25;&'=($,8('&6$<"4"%$%"5,D( (S6&(12%($4#5('&V0"'&#(%6$%($(8"#$#%&'(
.$,$-&.&,%(34$,( #65048(<&(3'&3$'&8( 75'($( #3&2"7"2(.0,"2"3$4($'&$($,8( #65048( 75'.($,( ",%&-'$4(
3$'%(57(%6&(.0,"2"3$4"%=_#(5;&'$44(",%&-'$%&8(8&;&453.&,%(34$,(AJ!LBD((/026($(8"#$#%&'(.$,$-&.&,%(
34$,(.0#%(",8"2$%&(.&$#0'&#(%5('&802&(%6&(;04,&'$<"4"%=(57(8"#$#%&'(3'5,&($'&$#@(25..0,"%"&#($,8(
650#&6548#@($#(9&44($#(%6&($33'53'"$%&(#%'$%&-"&#( 75'(3'&;&,%"5,($,8(."%"-$%"5,U( AY'((+,!)0=!Y)0!
@'+.+,.R!$""dC$XQT!
!
&'()(*+,! -'(.! -+=46*'90! ;9,2(! )0! +((+0*')8! 692790+0*! 9;! *:+! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+T! 5(!
,+;+,+06+=!)>9F+R!7,+F'94(!,+(+),6:!:'1:8'1:*(!*:+!'279,*)06+!9;!78)00'01!;9,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!'0!*:+!
9F+,)88!78)0T!!]9E+F+,R!'*(!'279,*)06+!'(!40=+,2'0+=T!M:'(!'(!68+),!'0!*:+!>4=1+*),?!)889E)06+(!)0=!
)8896)*'90! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90T! U0! *:+! >4=1+*'01! ;9,! &'()(*+,! -'(.! /)0)1+2+0*R! *:+,+! '(!
'279,*)06+! 8+F'+=!90!,+69F+,?!)6*'F'*'+(T!J40='01!;9,!690*'01+06'+(! '(!)!6,46')8!)(7+6*! '0!='()(*+,!
;40='01T!]9E+F+,R!*:+!;)'84,+!*9!'069,79,)*+!,'(.!,+=46*'90!)6*'F'*'+(!6)0!690*,'>4*+!*9!,'('01!69(*(!
)((96')*+=!E'*:!='()(*+,(!'0!*:+!8901!,40T!!
!
M:+!,98+!9;!*:+!7,'F)*+!(+6*9,!>+692+(!6,46')8!'0!7,929*'01!,'(.!,+=46*'90!)6*'F'*'+(T!]9E+F+,R!'0!
*:+!7,+(+0*!(*4=?R!0+),8?!#\i!:)F+!0+F+,!,+6+'F+=!)0?!;40='01!;,92!*:+!7,'F)*+!(+6*9,!;9,!='()(*+,!
,'(.!,+=46*'90!)6*'F'*'+(T![0!*:+!9*:+,!:)0=R!)>94*!#`T`i!9;!*:+!7,9F'06+(!:)F+!(+8=92!,+6+'F+=!
;40='01! ;,92! 7,'F)*+! (94,6+(T! M:+! ,),+! ;40='01! :)(! >++0! 690*,'>4*+=! *9! *:+! 7,9F'06+(T! 5(!
2+0*'90+=!)>9F+R!29(*!9;! *:+!E9,.! '0!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!,'(.! ,+=46*'90!:)(! *9!(:)7+!)*!
*:+! 896)8! 8+F+8T!]9E+F+,R! *:+,+! '(!)!1)7! '0! *:+!)8896)*+=!)0=! ,+6+'F+=! ;40='01! *9! ,+)6:! *:+! 896)8!
240'6'7)8'*'+(T!!
!
Y+,?!9;*+0R!)88!)6*'F'*'+(!E'*:'0!*:+!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!692790+0*!=9!09*!+W'(*! '0! '(98)*'90T! U*!
:)(!>++0!:'1:8'1:*+=!*:)*!T#022&##704(",%&-'$%"5,(57(8"#$#%&'('"#*('&802%"5,(",%5(8&;&453.&,%("#(,5%(
#5.&%6",-( <"4$%&'$4( 85,5'#( 2$,( $26"&;&( <=( %6&( $88"%"5,( 57( $( ,&9( 3'5-'$..&@( $( ,&9( 354"2=(
8520.&,%(5'(&;&,($(,&9(8&3$'%.&,%D()$%6&'@("%("#($(#6"7%(",($33'5$26(%59$'8#(#0335'%",-(.5'&('"#*(
'&802",-( 75'.#( 57( 8&;&453.&,%@( $,( $33'5$26( 96"26( 9"44( ,&&8( %5( 3&';$8&( $44( 53&'$%"5,#@(
XX! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
!
3'5-'$..&#( $,8( 8&3$'%.&,%#U! P&JU&R! $""bCbXQT! M:+,+;9,+R! ;40='01! ;9,! )6*'F'*'+(! '(! 09*! )! 0+E!
>)00+,!>4*!)!7),)='12!(:';*!*9E),=(!'0684='01!&--!'0*9!=+F+8972+0*!)0=!(96')8!E+8;),+T!!!
!
;#8#8!Q+4-&46!?2)!T)*&4&46!*4-!I*5*1&'.!V+&3-&46!
!
J'0)06'01!;9,!,'(.!)((+((2+0*(!)0=! '0F+(*'01! '0!&--! '(!)!(4,+!)!(*+7!*9E),=(!()F'01!;4*4,+!69(*(T!
J9,!*:'(R!*:+,+!0++=(!*9!>+!)=+e4)*+!(*);;!*,)'0+=!'0!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!)88'+=!)6*'F'*'+(T!U0!
*:+!=)*)R!'*!:'1:8'1:*(R!*:+,+!'(!1,+)*+,!0++=!;9,!6)7)6'*?!>4'8='01!)0=!*,)'0'01!'0!,'(.!)((+((2+0*(!
)0=! 690*'01+06?! 78)00'01T! @+),8?! abTXi! 9;! *:+! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! :)F+! 0+F+,! 690*,'>4*+=! *9!
*,)'0'01! )0=! 6)7)6'*?! >4'8='01! ;,92! *:+',! >4=1+*),?! )8896)*'90(T! ! M,)'0'01(! )0=! 6)7)6'*?! >4'8='01!
7,91,)2(!(++2!*9!>+!*).'01!78)6+!)*!*:+!2+*,9798'*)0(!)0=!)*!*:+!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8T!!
!
Table 17: Degree to which municipalities fund education, training and capacity development
!!C=D,!.&!?2*()(D#$(-=! !
/(0-'()-! >,-'.! E.)#$! T,0D.*0,!C.-#$0!
+.?D$,-,$=! S6MPa! "T"i! "T"i! %"Tai!R#'-(#$$=! %aT\i! PNM5a! $$Tai! $XTXi!
;*),'-#(*! #T`i! "T"i! dT\i! #TXi!1,$3.?! %aT\i! $XT"i! `T$i! #TXi!
7.-!#-!#$$! %aT\i! "T"i! OSMNa! SOMXa!!
NMN! >2$-(90-#W,8.$3,'!(*<.$<,?,*-!!
/48*'V(*).+:98=+,!'0F98F+2+0*!78)?(!)!6,'*'6)8!,98+!'0!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!E9,8=E'=+T!![0+!9;!*:+!
;406*'90(! 9;! *:+! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! J,)2+E9,.! P@&/JQ! '(! *9! ;)6'8'*)*+! *:+!
'0F98F+2+0*!9;!090V19F+,02+0*)8!9,1)0'()*'90(!P@G[(QR!692240'*'+(R!F9840*++,(!)0=!*:+!7,'F)*+!
(+6*9,T! U*! '(! '279,*)0*! *:)*! 7),*0+,(:'7(! >+*E++0! *:+(+! 9,1)0'()*'90(! 24(*! >+! +(*)>8'(:+=T!!
5669,='01! *9! /6L0*',+! P$""%C%dbQ! T%6&'&( "#( $( ,&&8( 75'( 3&534&@( <0#",&##&#@( -5;&',.&,%(
8&3$'%.&,%#@( 25..0,"%"&#( $,8( 250,%'"&#( %5( %$*&( '#,#"<"4"%=( 75'( %6&( 2'&$%"5,( 57( 4"$<"4"%"&#( $,8(
95'*( %59$'8#( %6&"'( '&802%"5,( %6'50-6( %6&( <0"48",-( 57( ",8";"80$4( $,8( ",#%"%0%"5,$4( &.&'-&,2=(
.$,$-&.&,%( 2$3$2"%"&#UD( ]+,+R! *:+,+! '(! )! 1,+)*+,! 0++=! ;9,! *:+! '0F98F+2+0*! 9;! *:+! 69,79,)*+!
(+6*9,! )(! E+88T! kA'*:! *:+! 1,9E'01! +69092'6! '27)6*! 9;! ='()(*+,(R! *:+! 7,'F)*+! (+6*9,! (:948=! >+!
+0694,)1+=! *9! >+692+! )6*'F+! '0! '*(! 9E0! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 7,)6*'6+(! )0=! '0! *:+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1##&##.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"&#(",(/50%6(17'"2$! XQ!
!
,+=46*'90! 2+)(4,+(! 9;! (96'+*?l! PB@^U3&-R! $""bC$`bQT! M:+,+! '(! (4,+8?! )! 1,+)*+,! 0++=! ;9,!
2)'0(*,+)2'01!&--!$,8(T<&2$0#&(!))("#($(,&9(354"2=($'&$("%(2$,(&$#"4=(<&(3&'2&";&8($#($(%6'&$%(5'(
$#(8034"2$%",-(&:"#%",-(354"2=($,8(<08-&%(4",&#D( J,($88"%"5,(%6&(,&&8(%5(<0"48(6"-6?4&;&4($,8(2'5##?
#&2%5'$4(#0335'%("#(26$44&,-",-(75'(#&2%5'$4($2%5'#(`UPS+88'01!)0=!]9889E)?R!$""aC`"QT!
!
-+(+),6:! =)*)! 9>*)'0+=! ;,92! *+8+7:90'6! '0*+,F'+E(! :+8=! E'*:! 248*'V(*).+:98=+,(R! 'T+T! (+8+6*+=!
@G[(R! ,+7,+(+0*)*'F+(! ;,92! 7),)(*)*)8(! PMLOI[/! )0=! L3I[/QR! 69406'889,(! )0=!/L<(! ,+1),='01!
*:+',!;964(!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!E'88!>+!='(64((+=!>+89ET!
!
;#;#$! T:(!)23(!2?!WXD,!&4!0&,*,'()!@&,<!H*4*6(=(4'!
!
5(! '0='6)*+=! '0! *:+! ,+(+),6:! 2+*:9=9891?R! *+8+7:90+! '0*+,F'+E(! E+,+! :+8=! E'*:! 90+! @G[! 7+,!
7,9F'06+R! P'T+T! 0'0+! '0*+,F'+E(QR! '0! 9,=+,! *9! 9>*)'0! '0;9,2)*'90! ,+1),='01! *:+',! '0F98F+2+0*! )0=!
;964(!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!!M:+!=)*)!6988+6*+=!=4,'01!*:+(+!'0*+,F'+E(!E'88!>+!7,+(+0*+=!
)0=!='(64((+=!>+89ET!
!
CDCDEDE(((!"#$#%&'('"#*(.$,$-&.&,%(#%'02%0'&#(!
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7,9F'06')8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!)0=!'0!*:+!;9889E'01!2)00+,C!
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• 5(('(*'01! &+7),*2+0*! 9;! A)*+,! 5;;)',(! )0=! J9,+(*,?! P&A5JQ! '0! =+F+897'01! 14'=+8'0+(!
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)0=!*).+!)!7),*'6'7)*9,?!)77,9)6:!*9!=+F+8972+0*!78)00'01T!M:'(!)889E(!*:+2!*9!,+(790=!
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Table 18: Role of NGOs in disaster risk management T.$,!.&!7ZL0!(*!/(0#0-,'!T(0W!>#*#F,?,*-!
• <,+)*+!)E),+0+((!*9!*:+!1+0+,)8!74>8'6!,+1),='01!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!!
• S,9F'=+!:42)0!,+(94,6+(!'0!*:+!;9,2!9;!F9840*++,(!
• L=46)*'90)8!,98+!
• 34779,*'F+!,98+!
• &,);*'01!9;!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!(*,)*+1'+(R!+T1T!;899='01R!E)(*+!E)*+,R!+*6T!
• /90'*9,'01!9;!692240'*?V>)(+=!)6*'F'*'+(R!+T1T!79884*'90!
• 5(('(*'01!692240'*'+(!*9!*).+!690*,98!
• G4'=)06+!)0=!=+F+8972+0*!9;!6)7)6'*?!
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9;!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!S8)0(!
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,+1),='01!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T(
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9,=+,!*9!9>*)'0!'0;9,2)*'90!,+1),='01!*:+',!;964(!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!M:+!=)*)!6988+6*+=!
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5669,='01!*9!=)*)!9>*)'0+=!;,92!,+(790=+0*(!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!'*!'(!68+),!*:)*!29,+!*:)0!)!
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'0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+!2)N9,'*?! PaaT\iQ! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! *:941:*! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! (+8=92! 40=+,(*)0=!
*:+',!,98+!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!P)8(9!(++!(+6*'90!XT`T`QT!!
!
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)0=!*:+!798'*'6)8!69406'889,(T!!M:'(!2)?>+!=4+!*9!*:+!8)6.!9;!+;;+6*'F+!692240'6)*'90!(*,)*+1'+(!)0=!
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