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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARCASA DE CULTURA BRITNICAPROVA DE PROFICINCIA - REA: SADE PBLICA / PATOLOGIA

ALUNO (A): ___________________________________________DATA: ____________

RHEUMATIC FEVER

What is Rheumatic Fever?

A rare but potentially life-threatening disease, rheumatic fever is a complication of untreatedstrep throat, caused by bacteria called Group A Streptococcus. The main symptoms fever,muscle aches, swollen and painful joints, and in some cases, a red, lattice-like rash typicallybegin one to six weeks after about a strep, although in some cases the infection may have beentoo mild to have been recognised. Rheumatic fever can also cause a temporary nervous systemdisorder once known as St. Vitus dance. Today it is called chorea. People with mild cases ofchorea may find it difficult to concentrate or write. More severe cases can cause the muscles of thearms, legs, or face to twitch uncontrollably.

The joints most likely to become swollen from rheumatic fever are the knees, ankles,elbows, and wrists. The pain often migrates from one joint to another. However, the greatestdanger from the disease is the damage it can do to the heart. In more than half of all cases,rheumatic fever scars the valves of the heart, forcing this vital organ to work harder to pump blood.Over a period of months or even years particularly if the disease strikes again this damage tothe heart can lead to a serious condition known as rheumatic heart disease, which can eventuallycause the heart to fail.

Because of antibiotics, rheumatic fever is now rare in developed countries. In recent years,though, it has begun to make a comeback in the United States, particularly among children living inpoor, inner-city neighborhoods. The disease tends to strike most often in cool, damp weatherduring the winter and early spring. In the United States, it is most common in the northern states.

What Causes It?Rheumatic fever results from an inflammatory reaction to certain Group A Streptococcus

bacteria. The body produces antibodies to fight the bacteria, but instead the antibodies attack adifferent target: the bodys own tissues. The antibodies begin with the joints and often move on tothe heart and surrounding tissues. Because only a small fraction (fewer than 0.3%) of people withstrep ever contract rheumatic fever, medical experts believe that other factors, such as aweakened immune system, must also be involved in the development of the disease.

CAUTION! Monitor That Sore Throat

Pay attention to sore throats, especially in children. If your child has a severe sore throatwithout other cold symptoms, accompanied by a fever higher than 101 F, or milder sore throatthat persists for more than two or three days, see a doctor. It may be strep throat, which should be

treated with antibiotics.

What Are The Symptoms?

Fever. A red, raised, lattice-like rash, usually on the chest, back, and abdomen. Swollen,tender, red, and extremely painful joints particularly the knees or ankles. Nodules, or small bonyprotuberances, over the swollen joints. Sometimes, weakness and shortness of breath.

Sometimes, uncontrolled movements of arms, legs, or facial muscles. These symptomsoften begin one to six weeks after a strep throat infection has appeared to clear up. Sometimes,however, people with rheumatic fever do not recall having had a sore throat.

Call Your Doctor If:

You are experiencing the symptoms listed in the description section, particularly if youremember having recently had a sore throat. You may have rheumatic fever and should receivemedical attention.

You have a sore throat without other cold symptoms, accompanied by a fever higher than101F. You may have strep throat and should receive medical attention.

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You experience sudden and unexplained joint pain after recovering from strep throat. Thestrep infection may have spread and should be medically treated.

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I. Leia o texto e responda as seguintes perguntas em portugus: (50 pontos 10 cada)

1. De modo geral, como podemos definir a febre reumtica?_____________________________________________________________________________________

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2. Qual o dano mais srio que a febre reumtica pode causar ao ser humano?Descreva como isto ocorre.

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3. Com o retorno da febre reumtica nos Estados Unidos que grupo tem sido afetadoe quais as condies ambientais e climticas observadas?

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4. O que causa a febre reumtica? Explique como isto ocorre._____________________________________________________________________________________

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5. Quais so os sintomas da febre reumtica?_____________________________________________________________________________________

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II. Coloque verdadeiro (V) ou falso (F). Justifique as afirmaes falsas. (15pontos 5 cada)

6. ( ) Os sintomas da febre reumtica somente tm incio seis semanas aps uma

gripe severa acompanhada de dor muscular e inflamao da garganta._____________________________________________________________________________________________

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7. ( ) Especialistas da rea mdica acreditam que um sistema imunolgicodebilitado um dos fatores no desenvolvimento da febre reumtica.

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8. ( ) Em casos de suspeita de febre reumtica, s h necessidade de consultamdica quando a inflamao da garganta persistir por mais de seis dias.

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III. Responda com base no texto. ( 10 pontos 2,5 cada)

Os pronomes sublinhados no texto referem-se a qu?9. which ___________________________________________________________

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10. it ______________________________________________________________

11. that ____________________________________________________________

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IV. Qual a idia expressa pelos conectivos sublinhados no texto? ( 10 pontos 2,5 cada)

13. although _____________________________________________________________________

14. also ________________________________________________________________________

15. however _____________________________________________________________________

16. such as _____________________________________________________________________

V. Traduza o trecho sublinhado que vai da linha 11 The joints most... at alinha 17... the heart to fail.(15 pontos)

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Boa Sorte !

ANSWER KEY

1. linhas 1 a 62. linhas 26 a 313. linhas 38 a 444. linhas 49 a 575. linhas 75 a 836. (F) linhas 83 a 857. (V)8. (F) linhas 66 a 719. heart disease10. the disease11. sore throat

12. sore throats13. contraste14. complementao de idias (acrscimo)

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15. contraste16. exemplificao

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