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zsbj ifEsjv msb ðv¢skƒ ˆ iaw ufof öfHfdhj sp, ˆ ic²Àj sjfbX mprfhsj dHdÙ jsv dtdJk? ˆv …Ùsv htf pfq sp, ƒmfm zfhC rfbDIf (v}) ˆv …dÙÁ ªrflDn nrDr rstƒ sndeƒ zfmfv mprfh.« (ƒhsb zfshlDb, rfdwqf 1/63, dnnfb} 46ix) zKGf{, nrDr rflDn ifWqf sost pqDI rflDn hf vfq W djqfnsj huGb jsv snƒ zbcpfqD zfmt jvf iaskAj mcndtsmv ubA Wqfsuh. zfv snƒ jKfv iadk dhswN sJqft svsJ ˆƒ ic²Àj dtdJk. bfmfp dw[fv hAfifsv ifEj rqskf dhdHâ hƒ-ic²Àsj `bfbf mcdbv bfbf mk' t[A jvshb. zfv ˆmb mkdhsvfL sp zöfHfdhj kf bq. ˆv jfvB zsbjef ˆƒ sp, zsbsjv dbje nrDr rflDn zufbf. zsbsjv dbje rflDn nrDr hst ufbf KfjstW zfnst kf pqDI. zfhfv sjfb rflDn ˆj dvuft-ncsÛ pqDI rstW kf sp zbA dvuft-nCsÛ nrDr, kf zsbsjv zufbf. nckvfQ pdl sjfb mcukfdrl dbu ƒudkrfsl sjfb mfnzftf hst Kfsjb ˆhQ ltDt sn jKfv nmKGb jsv, zKhf sjfb zmcukfdrl zfstm pdl sjfb mcukfdrslv jKf dbu ic²Àsj hf Iskfqfq bjt jsvb, kfrst ˆmb zfstsmv dhv¢sÝ jcimàcjkfv idvyq dlsq `H]cƒ-sI]fV, jfEsmfïf' iaHxdk hst dhv™i m§ÀhA jvf sjfb dhÎ W pwöD zfstsmv ubA swfHbDq W nmDyDb bq. spmb ifEsjv …dyk, ltDstv öv™ikf slsJ pKfnfLA ndEj sjfbXde kf dbv™iB jvsk syóf jvf ˆhQ snƒ msk zfmt jvf. ˆ s[sÛ k]fv ubAW …dyk bq, sjfb zdHÎ zfstsmv dhv¢sÝ sjfb iajfsvv jecdÙÁ jvf. ˆmb sYfeJfe dhNsq ƒudkrflD mkifKGjAsj dhëfd§Àjv msb bf jvf. jfvB, ˆ njt (ncâkD) dhNsq ndEj Ifqnftf `rA]f' djQhf `bf' pfƒ srfj, bfmfspv sjfb [dk rsh bf. zkˆh …lfv msb iv±iv-dhsvfLD mskv msLA sp sjfb ˆjdev …iv ndEj Îfsb zfmt jvst dkdb nWqfh-iafå rshb. spmb mcukfdrslv Ifqnftf ndEj rst dkdb 2de ˆhQ shdEj rst 1de sbjD tfH jvshb. zfv k]fv zdb¤Yfjxk Hct LkGhA rsh bf. ifEsjv rfsk zÛ ic²Àjde zfnst nQd[å zfjfsv iajfdwk `nftfsk mchfwXdwv'-ˆv dh²Àfdvk W hdLGk v™i. rfWqftfq sp nQsjk hAhrfv rsqsY kfv hAfJAf vsqsY ic²Àsjv swN zQsw. jsthv hxdÝ lv¢b hƒdesj lcƒ Jsà dhHÙÁ jvf uv¢vD dYt. iaskAj Jsà ucsV slWqf rsh snƒ nQsjk-idvdydk W iamfBiÓD. zfwf jdv ifEsjv hcUsk sjfb zncdhLf rsh bf. siwfq bq, sbwfq W iasqfusbv kfjDsl pf djYc dtdJ, pf djYc hdt, zfïfr nhƒ skfmfv n§Âdó dhLfsbv …sÜswA. zkˆh kf zfmfv ˆhQ iajfwsjv jfY sKsj jhct jsv dbW. zfmDb.

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bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv wwwkkkGG G fffhhhtttDDD 1. bfmfpDsj iajxk mcndtm rsk rsh. 2. Îfbn©iâ rsk rsh. (ifot hf ÎfbwCbA rsh bf.) 3. dhshjn©iâ rsk rsh. (nfk hYsvv dbm hqnD dwwc rsh bf.) 4. (Wpc-sofnt jsv) idhÛ rsk rsh. 5. bfmfspv ndEj nmq rsk rsh. 6. wvDsvv tÏf²¿fb


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zfhxk rsk rsh. 7. wvDv, sifwfj W bfmfspv ²¿fb sKsj bfifjD lCv jvsk rsh. 8. djhtfv dlsj mcJ jvsk rsh. 9. msb msb dbqk jvsk rsh.

bbffmmffssppvv zzffvvjjffbbnnmmCCrr 1. (Ivp bfmfsp) nfmKGA rst djqfm (l]fVfsbfv nmq l]fdVsq bfmfp iVf). 2. kfjhDsv kfrvDmf. 3. (iaskAj vfjzfsk) nCvf Ifdkrf. 4. v¢jc. 5. v¢jc sKsj …sE JfVf rWqf. 6. (nfófsÌ) dnulfr. 7. dnulfr sKsj …sE hnf. 8. lcƒ dnulfv mfsU ShEj. 9. swN kfwfrùl. 10. kfwfrùslv swN ShEj. 11. …ÙÁ kfwfrùsl bhD (�) ˆv …iv lv™l ifE. 12. lcƒ nftfm. 13. nm²À v¢jXsb LDvkf W d²¿vkf. 14. zfvjfsbv mfsU kvkDh W ipGfqÛÁm.

bbffmmffssppvv WWqqffssuuhhnnmmCCrr 1. kfjhDsv kfrvDmf YfVf nm²À kfjhDv. 2. v¢jcv kfnhDr. 3. (ƒmfm W ˆjfjD bfmfpDv ubA) `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr' htf. 4. (njstv ubA) `vfêfbf ztfjft rfmXlX' htf. 5. dnulfv kfnhDr. 6. lcƒ dnulfv mfsU lczf. 7. iaKm kfwfrùl. 8. kfwfrùslv iaKm ShEj.

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zKGf{, kcdm skfmfv iadk iakAfdló�oa§¿�ifE jv�ˆhQ pKfpKHfsh bfmfp iV. dbÇyq bfmfp zw½Dt W m¦l jfu rsk dhvk vfsJ. zfv zhwAƒ zfïfrv dpjXv (n¹vBƒ) nhGswaô. (jc} 29/45) bfmfp mcdmsbv y[csj wDkt jsv, kfv pfhkDq sYfe sYfe sofbfr hf tOc W …iifisj smfyb jsv slq. rpvk zfhc ùvfƒvf hstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt sj htsk wcsbdY, dkdb hstsYb, ªdj zdHmk skfmfslv, pdl skfmfslv jfsvf lvufv nfmsbƒ ˆjde blD Kfsj ˆhQ snƒ blDsk sn iakAr i]fyhfv sofnt jsv, kfv wvDsv sjfb mqtf zhdwó Kfjsh dj? njst htt, `bf, kfv wvDsv sjfb mqtf zhdwó Kfjsh bf.' dkdb htstb, ªzbcv™iƒ i]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfspv …imf. ‰ bfmfpnmCsrv Istƒ (bfmfpDv) nm²À sofbfrsj zfïfr smfyb jsv slb.« (hcJfvD 528bQ, mcndtm 667bQ, dkvdmpD, bfnf„) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªjfhDvfr sofbfr bf jvst i]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfp, ˆj ucmzfr sKsj ziv ucmzfr -ˆv mLAhkGDjfst nQOdek ifinmCsrv jfIIfvf (iafqdÇyÙ).« (mcndtm 233bQ, dkvdmpD, iamcJ) rpvk zfhc …nmfb hstb, ˆjlf ˆjde ofsYv dbsy zfdm nftmfb ˆv nfsK (hsn) dYtfm. dkdb ofsYv ˆjde wc®j Fft Lsv drdtsq dlstb. ˆsk Ffstv nm²À ifkfocdt UsV sot. zk}iv dkdb htstb, `sr zfhc …nmfb! kcdm zfmfsj duÎfnf jvsh bf dj sp, sjb zfdm ˆv™i jvtfm?' zfdm httfm, `sjb jvstb?' dkdb htstb, `ˆjlf zfdmW zfïfrv vnCt ˆv nfsK ofsYv dbsy dYtfm. dkdb zfmfv nfmsb zbcv™i jvstb; ofsYv ˆjde wc®j Fft Lsv drdtsq dlstb. ˆsk kfv nm²À ifkf Jsn iVt. zk}iv htstb, ªsr nftmfb! kcdm zfmfsj duÎfnf jvsh bf dj sp, sjb zfdm ˆv™i jvtfm?« zfdm httfm, sjb jvstb? dkdb …Ùsv htstb, ªmcndtm pJb nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv i]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfp isV kJb kfv ifivfdw dEj


8

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zKGf{, zfv kcdm dlsbv lc' iaf§ÀHfso W vfskv iaKfmfQsw bfmfp jfsqm jv. icBAvfdw zhwAƒ ifivfdwsj lCvDHCk jsv slq. (zfïfrv) n¹vBjfvDslv ubA ˆ rt ˆj n¹vB. (nCvf rCl 114 zfqfk) (zfrml, bfnf„, kf¶hfvfbD, nrDr kfvoDh 356bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªhf¦lf pJb bfmfsp l]fVfq, kJb kfv sn kfv nm²À sofbfrsj dbsq kfv mfKfq W lcƒ j]fsL vfJf rq. zk}iv sn pJbƒ v¢jC W dnulf jsv, kJbƒ ˆjde ˆjde jsv nm²À sofbfrÈdt Usv isV pfq.« (hfƒrfjD, n}uf} 1671bQ)

bbffmmffssppvv ÈÈvv¢¢kk¶¶ bfmfp W kfv Èv¢sk¶v jKf jcvzfb mfuDslv hù ufqofskƒ zfstfdyk rsqsY. sjfKfW bfmfp jfsqm jvfv zfslw dlsq, sjfKfW bfmfpDv iawQnf W iadklfb ˆhQ shbfmfpDv db¦lf W wfd²À hBGbf jsv, zfïfr kfzftf bfmfspv iadk hV Èv¢k¶ zfsvfi jsvsYb. ˆj ²¿fsb dkdb hstb,

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}�@E8�3��T�?�U&V�& ��W' אن��.��C(}و�١٤٣א �*��)��+[ zKGf{, zfïfr skfmfslv (jf'hfv dlj YfVf hfqkct mfjslsnv dlsj mcJ jsv zflfqjxk iCshGv) „mfb (bfmfp)sj hvhfl jvshb bf. (jc} 2/143) bfmfp mc'dmsbv „mfb W mcndtsmv ƒntfsmv dblwGb. mrfbhD � hstb, ªƒntfm W dwjG ˆhQ jcIsvv mfsU ifKGjA dbhGfybjfvD rt ˆƒ bfmfp.« (mc} 82bQ, dm} 569bQ) sjfb zfmt kAfo jvfv Ist sj… jfsIv rsq pfq bf. dj§Â�nfrfhfoB bfmfp kAfo jvfsj jcIXvD msb jvskb. (dk}, dm} 579bQ) rpvk ƒhsb mfn…l hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ bfmfp kAfo jsv kfv äDbƒ sbƒ.« (ƒhsb zfhD wfƒhfƒ, k¶fhfvfbDv jfhDv, nrDr kfvoDh 571bQ) rpvk zfhC lfvlf hstb, ªpfv bfmfp sbƒ kfv „mfbƒ sbƒ.« (ƒhsb zfèct hfvG,


9

iamcJ, nrDr kfvoDh 572bQ) diaq bhD � zfsvf hstb, ªzfmfslv W Wslv (jfsIvslv) mfsU ycdÙÁƒ rt bfmfp. nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ�kf kAfo jvsh, sn jfsIv�rsq pfsh (hf jcIvD jvsh.) (dk} 2621, ƒmf} 1079 bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªi]fy WqfÙÁ�bfmfp zfïfr hf¦lfosBv …iv Ivp jsvsYb. nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ�kf pKfKGv™si zflfq jvsh ˆhQ kfsk Èv¢k¶ dlsq kfv djYcW dhbó�jvsh bf, snƒ hAdÙÁv ubA zfïfrv ˆƒ iadkwa¢dk zfsY sp, dkdb kfsj ufâfsk iashw jvfshb. zfv sp hAdÙÁ�kf zflfq jvsh bf, sn hAdÙÁv ubA zfïfrv sjfb iadkwa¢dk sbƒ. dkdb ƒ¤Yf jvst kfsj wfd²À slshb, bsy{ ƒ¤Yf rst ufâfskW dlsk ifsvb.« (mf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒdr}, nkf} 363 bQ) iCshGfÙÁ�zfqfk W rflDsnv dHdÙsk hV hV hù …tfmfoB hstsYb sp, shbfmfpD jfsIv. sjfb mcndtm (bfmfpD) bfvDv nfsK kfv dhhfr rsk ifsv bf, kfv phfƒjxk iwcv mfQn rftft rq bf, sn mfvf sost kfv ufbfpf iVf rsh bf, mcndtm (bfmfpD) sYstvf kfv Wqfdvn rsh bf hf snW bfmfpD hfsiv Wqfdvn rsh bf ˆhQ kfsj mcndtmslv jhv²¿fsb lfIb jvf rsh bf�---�ƒkAfdl. zhwA swsNfÙÁ�rflDn�ˆhQ zbcv™i zbAfbA rflDsnv dHdÙsk zbAfbA zfstmoB hstb sp, `shbfmfpD jfsIv bq, ksh bfmfp kAfo jvf jfsIsvv jfu hse.' (ƒhsb hfp, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb W zfthfbDv Iskfqf ûóhA) pfƒhf srfj …ÙÁ�zfqfk W rflDnnmCsr bfmfspv dhvfe�Èv¢k¶ ±ió.�bfmfp rt�äDsbv J]cde. (ndk} 2110, nƒmf} 3973 bQ) äDsbv i]fyde hcdbqfslv msLA�ˆefƒ rt däkDq hcdbqfl. (hc}, mc}, dm} 4bQ) kfƒ skf diaq bhD � uDhsbv swN mcrCskG mvB-wpAfq wfdqk zh²¿fskW bfmfspv ubA hAdkhA²À dYstb. ƒs§Àjfstv iCshG swN …islsw dkdb bfmfspv Èv¢k¶ nìsá�…©mksj nsykb jsv sostb. htstb,�ªbfmfp! bfmfp! zfv�ÛÁDklfn-lfnD (ˆv hAfifsv skfmvf nkjG sKsjf.) (nuf} 3873 bQ) nfhftj rstƒ mcndtsmv …iv bfmfp Ivp rq. khcW zHA²À jvfv …sÜswAƒ zfïfrv bhD � hstb, ªskfmvf skfmfslv sYst-smsqslvsj kfslv hqn 7 hYv rstƒ bfmfspv zfslw lfW. 10 hYv hqsn bfmfsp zHAfnD bf rst kfslvsj iarfv jv. zfv kfslv iaskAsjv dhYfbf ixKj jsv lfW.« (zflf}, dm} 572bQ) nh zsÙÁv bfmfp bq, sjhtmfÛ�ˆj zsÙÁv zfnsvv bfmfp Ycse sost hf bf iVf rst kfv [dkv idvmfB hcUfsk diaq�bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfnsvv bfmfp kAfo jsv, sn hAdÙÁv zfmt ià rsq pfq.« (hcJfvD 553, bfnf„) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁv zfnsvv bfmfp Ycse sot, kfv spb idvhfv W Lb-mft tcØb rsq sot.« (mfstj, hcJfvD 552, mcndtm 626 bQ iamcJ) mrfb zfïfr hstb,


10

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zKGf{, Wslv iv ˆt ˆmb (zilfKG) ivhkGDlt; pfvf bfmfp bó jvt W jciahxdÙ-ivhw rt. nckvfQ Wvf zdysvƒ jdEb wfd²À iakA[ jvsh. (jc} 19/59) zfïfr kfzftf hstb,

)b%��+�(�+�M��[�@�<=�"�!�/�$�@�M�/��6N א،�/�&c'�>�#'c و�ن��dא��@�M�/��6N אن�،( zKGf{, nckvfQ lcsHGfo snƒ njt bfmfpDslv, pfvf kfslv bfmfp nìsá�…lfnDb. pfvf stfj slJfsbfv�…sÜswA bfmfp isV. (jc} 107/4-6) htf hfùtA, bfmfpD rsqW bfmfsp ofItdk jvfv jfvsB pdl slfpsJv lcsHGfo sHfo jvsk rq, kfrst shbfmfpD rsq jk hV lcsHGfo sHfo jvsk rsh kf zbcsmq. mvsBv ivifsv mLAuosk bfmfsp …lfnDb W SwdKtAjfvD hAdÙÁv mfKfq djqfmk zhdL ifKv Ecsj Ecsj mfvf rsh. (hc} 1143bQ) bfmfp zfïfr W hf¦lfv mfsU n©isjGv ˆj snkchá.�ªdjqfmskv dlb hf¦lfv dbje sKsj nhGfsoa sp zfmstv drnfh sbWqf rsh kf rt bfmfp. nckvfQ kf ndEj rsq Kfjst kfv zbAfbA zfmtW ndEj hst dhshdyk rsh. bsy{ zbAfbA njt zfmt db°It W hAKG rsh.« (k¶fh}, nkf} 369bQ) bfmfp ˆk Èv¢k¶iCBG sp, kfv wkGfhtD hkGmfb Kfjf jfst kf (bfhftj dwwc, ifot W ‡kcmkD mdrtf YfVf) jfsvf ubA sjfb zh²¿fskƒ mfI bq. ˆmb dj pcsÝv mqlfsb iafBr§Àf vÙÁ-diifnc wÛ¢lstv nfmsbW bq! (jc} 4/102) znc²¿�zh²¿fq JfVf rsq bf ifvst hsn, hsn bf ifvst jf{ rsq wcsqW bfmfp iVskƒ rsh. (hc}, dm} 1248 bQ) ƒwfvf-ƒdÌsk vc¢jc-dnulf bf jvsk ifvst msb msb dbqskW bfmfp iVsk rsh. syóf nsÙ¶W idhÛ�Kfjsk�z[m rstW�‰�zh²¿fskƒ bfmfp Ivp. (ƒhsb …nfƒmDb, jfƒIf qAfkfk¶frXrfv¢t mfvDpc zqcAnfïD ûóhA)

iiddhhÛÛkkff bfmfp jhct rWqfv ubA spv™i dhwcÝ�„mfb�ˆhQ r™lqsj dwjDG W jcIvD LfvBf W dhw¶fn sKsj idhÛ�vfJf uv¢vD wkG, kû™i bfmfpDv hfdrAj slr W sifwfj-zfwfjsj idhÛ�vfJfW�ˆj uv¢vD wkG. spsrkc ªbfmfspv yfdhjfdEƒ rt idhÛkf.« (zflf}, dk}, lf}, dm} 312 bQ) kfYfVf ˆƒ idhÛkf rt zsLGj�„mfb. (mc}, dm} 281bQ) (dhswN jsv ifdb äfvf zduGk) idhÛkfq hxdÝ�rq msbfspfo, lCv rq zftnA, k¦ûf W dbûf, ±ICdkGv nfsK ƒhflsk mb hsn zdLj. mpD hf mtmCÛ�sKsj idhÛkf zuGsbv ubA ifdb hf (psKó ifdb bf ifWqf sost) mfdev sTtf hAhrfv jsv kf lCv jvf�ˆhQ Wpc jvfƒ psKó.�zhwA sjfb iajfsvv SmKcb�


11

äfvf hf�ösi zKhf spZbdy§Àfq …sÙubf W kxdåv nfsK hDpGifk jvst hf rst sofnt Ivp. spmb nÌsm spfbDisK dtÌfoa iashw jdvsq hDpGifk bf jvstW sofnt Ivp. (hc}, mc}, dm} 430bQ) zbcv™i mdrtfslv mfdnj W sbIfn sKsj idhÛ�rWqfv ubAW sofnt Ivp. Wpc W sofnstv ubA hAhrfpG ifdbW idhÛ�kKf idhÛjfvD rWqf uv¢vD. nfLfvBk} icjcv, blD, bftf, nmcû, iaHxdkv ifdb idhÛ�W idhÛjfvD. sp ifdbsk idhÛ�sjfb dudbn -spmb zfef, nfhfb, ufIvfb�ƒkAfdl dmdwak rq, sn ifdbv vQ, oá�hf�öfl idvhkGb bf rst kfsk Wpc-sofnt ytsh. ifdbsk sjfb zidhÛ�dudbn isV pfWqfv Ist zKhf zbA sjfb jfvsB pdl kfv vQ,�öfl hf oá�idvhkGb rsq pfq, kfrst kf bfifj oBA rsh. idvhkGb bf rstW pdl ifdb 2 jcïfr (iafq 270 dtefv, mkf§Àsv 191 sKsj 200 sjdu) ˆv sysq jm rq, kfrstW kf bfifj. ˆv shwD rst sn ifdb ifj. kfsk Wpc-sofnt ytsh. (zf}, zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, lf}, dm} 477bQ) sp ifdb ˆjhfv Wpc-sofnst hAhrfv rsqsY, sn ifdb ifj. dj§Â�kfsk zfv Wpc-sofnt rsh bf. mfbcN, ofLf, J¤yv, ifJD, rftft iwc, dhVft iaHxdkv ]sef ifdb ifj; kfsk Wpc-sofnt ytsh. zhwA wCjv W jcjcsvv ]sef ifdb bfifj. (dh²Àfdvk ûóhA dInc} …lGc 33-37ix})

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bfifjDv sofnt jvsk rst sofnstv dbqk jsv mcndtm iaKsm 3 hfv lcƒ rfk jdç ipG§À Lcsh. zk}iv hfm rfskv …iv ifdb sTst slsrv bfifjD Lcsq sItsh. kfviv hfm rfksj mfde zKhf nfhfb äfvf Lcsq bfmfspv ubA Wpc jvfv mk iCBG Wpc jvsh. zhwA sofnstv ufqof idv°jfv bf rst if lcde sofnt swsN Lcsq sbsh. Wpcv iv 3 hfv mfKfq ifdb sTst Hft jsv yctÈstf sLfsh, pfsk nm²À ycstv sofVfq sofVfq ifdb si]ZsY pfq. kfviv nfvf slsr 3 hfv ifdb sTst Hftv™si Lcsq sbsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 435-436 bQ) mdrtfslv sofntW icv¢Nslv zbcv™i. zhwA mdrtfv mfKfv ycst shBD h]fLf (ycde o]fKf) Kfjst kf sJftf uv¢vD bq. ksh 3 hfv ifdb dbsq ycstv sofVf zhwAƒ Lcsq dbsk rsh. (hc}, dm} 438bQ) bsJ bJifdtw hf sjfb iajfv icv¢ si¦eX Kfjst kf kcst bf sItf ipG§À sofnt rsh bf. i[f§Àsv smsrlD hf zftkf stso Kfjf zh²¿fq sofnt rsq pfsh. jifst dei (?) Kfjst YfdVsq sIst (jift) Lcsk rsh. bsy{ sofnt rsh bf. hDpGifk hf nÌm-udbk bfifjD W mfdnsjv sofnt, zKhf mfdnj W�„l, zKhf hDpGifk hf nÌm-udbk bfifjD W ucmzf hf�„slv sofnt dbqk rst�ˆjhfvƒ psKó.�ixKj ixKj sofnstv lvjfv sbƒ. (dInc} …lcGc 60ix} û})


12

sofnstv iv bfmfspv ubA zfv ixKj Wpcv iasqfub sbƒ. sofnstv iv Wpc HfÌfv sjfb jfu bf jvst sofnstv Wpcskƒ bfmfp rsq pfsh. (zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, dm} 445bQ) svfo-udbk jfvsB pdl jfsvf tfofkfv hDpG, mpD, nafh hf ƒd²Àrfpfv Jcb Usv ksh kfv ubA sofnt Ivp bq; iaskAj bfmfspv ubA Wpcƒ psKó.�ˆƒ njt zh²¿fq bfmfp mfI bq. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 560-561 bQ) iajfw sp, sofnt, Wpc hf zbAfbA jsmGv nmq dbqk zfvhDsk hf dbu HfNfq mcsJ …¤yfvB jvf dhlzfk. nkjGkfv dhNq sp, bfifjD lCv jvfv ubA sjht of-sLfqf hf of Fcdhsq sbWqf psKó�bq. iCshG Wpc jsv pKfdbqsm sofnt jvst kshƒ iCBG sofnt rq. bsy{ zsbsjv msk jcdï bf jvst ˆhQ bfsj ifdb bf dbst sofntƒ wcÝ�rsh bf. (mcm} 1/304)

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zKGf{, sr „mfblfvoB! pJb skfmvf bfmfspv ubA ia²Âk rsh kJb skfmvf skfmfslv mcJmàt W rfk jbcƒ ipG§À sLZk jvsh ˆhQ skfmfslv mfKf mfnfr jvsh. zfv if lc'desj o]fe ipG§À sLZk jvsh. (jc} 5/6) nckvfQ hV bfifjD bf Kfjfv Ist sofnstv lvjfv bf rstW bfmfspv ubA sYfe bfifjD sKsj idhÛkf zuGsbv�…sÜswA Wpc Ivp.�ˆ�hAfifsv mrfbhD � W hstb,�ªWpc bó�rsq sost icbvfq Wpc bf jvf ipG§À zfïfr jfsvf bfmfp jhct jsvb bf.« (hc}, mc} dm} 300bQ) Wpcv mfrfk¹A W IpDtk iansÌ�ˆjfdLj rflDn hdBGk rsqsY. ˆj rflDsn dkdb hstb, ªdjqfmskv dlb zfmfv …©mksj zfr¶fb jvf rsh; zfv snƒ nmq Wpcv Ist kfslv mcJmàt W rfk-if lDdåmq Kfjsh.« (hc} 136, mc} 246bQ) zbA ˆj rflDsn dkdb hstb, ªWpcv ifdb pÜCv si]ZYsh kÜCv mc'dmsbv zsÌ�ztËfv (suAfdk) swfHmfb rsh.« (mc} 250bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªmcndtm hf mcdmb hf¦lf pJb Wpcv …sÜswA kfv mcJmàt sLZk jsv kJb Wpcv ifdbv nfsK zKhf ifdbv swN dh¦lcv nfsK iaskAj snƒ sofbfr shv rsq pfq pf sn lcƒ y[cv lxdóv mfLAsm jsv sIstdYt. zk}iv pJb sn kfv rfk lcdesj sLZk jsv kJb ifdbv nfsK zKhf ifdbv swN dh¦lcv nfsK iaskAj snƒ sofbfr shv rsq pfq pf sn …Hq rfsk LfvB jvfv mfLAsm jsv sIstdYt. zk}iv pJb sn kfv if


13

lcdesj sLZk jsv kJb ifdbv nfsK zKhf ifdbv swN dh¦lcv nfsK iaskAj snƒ sofbfr shv rsq pfq pf sn kfv lcifsq ytfv mfLAsm jsv sIstdYt. swN zhdL nm²À sofbfr sKsj sn idhÛ rsq shv rsq zfsn.« (mfstj, mcndtm 244bQ, dkvdmpD)

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1- bfmfpD iaKsm msb msb Wpcv dbqk jvsh. jfvB dbqk YfVf sjfb jmGƒ wcÝ�rq bf. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1bQ) 2- `dhndmïfr' hst Wpc wcv¢ jvsh. jfvB wcv¢sk kf bf htst Wpc rq bf. (nzflf} 92bQ) 3- dkbhfv lcƒ rfk jdç ipG§À Lcsq sbsh. rfsk OdV, ycdV, zfQde iaHxdk Kfjst kf drdtsq kfv kst ifdb si]ZYfsh. zfÌct dlsq zfÌcstv I]fjÈstf sJtft jvsh. (zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}, dm} 407bQ) ˆviv ifdbv ifsÛ�rfk Fcdhsq ifdb dbsk ifsv. (hc}, mc} 394bQ) iajfw sp, bsJ bJifdtw hf sjfb iajfv icv¢ si¦eX Kfjst kf kcst bf sItf ipG§À Wpc rsh bf. i[f§Àsv smsrlD hf zftkf stso Kfjf zh²¿fq Wpc-sofnt rsq pfsh. 4- kfviv Ffb rfsk ifdb dbsq 3 hfv jcdï jvsh. 5-zk}iv ifdb dbsq bfsjv sofVfq tfdosq sesb dbsq hfm rfk äfvf bfj UfVsh.�ˆv™i 3 hfv jvsh. ksh svfpf zh²¿fq Kfjst nfhLfsb bfsj ifdb efbsh, pfsk otfv dbsy ifdb bf yst pfq. (dk}, bf}, nbf} 89, dm} 405, 410bQ) zhwA ˆj stfe ifdbskƒ ˆjƒ nfsK zsLGj dlsq jcdï jsv hfdj zsLGj dlsq bfj UfVstW yst. (hc}, mc}, dm} 394bQ) 6- zk}iv mcJmàt (ˆj jfb sKsj ziv jfsbv mLAhkGD ˆhQ jifstv ycstv sofVf sKsj lfdVv dbsyv zQw ipG§À zÌ) 3�hfv ifdb tfdosq lcƒ rfk äfvf sLZk jvsh. (hc} 140bQ) ˆj stfe ifdb lfdVv mfsU dlsq lfdVv I]fsj I]fsj zfÌct yfdtsq kf sJtft jvsh. (zflf}, dm} 408bQ) mdrtfslv jifst dei (?) Kfjst YfdVsq sIst (jift) Lcsk rsh. bsy{ Wpc rsh bf. 7- zk}iv iaKsm Ffb rfk zfÌcstv Fof sKsj jbcƒ ipG§À ˆhQ klbcv™i hfm rfk 3 hfv (iaskAj hfsv icsvf rfsk ifdb dIdvsq vosV) sLZk jvsh. 8- zk}iv ˆjhfv mfKf mfnfr jvsh; bkcb ifdb äfvf lcƒ rfksj dHdusq zfÌctÈdtsj mcsJfmcdJ jsv mfKfv nfmsbv dlj (spJfb sKsj yct oufsbf wcv¢ rsqsY snJfb) sKsj diYb dlj (olGfsbv spJfsb yct swN rsqsY snJfb) ipG§À ±iwG jsv icbvfq nfmsbv dlsj dbsq ˆsn wcv¢v ufqof ipG§À iCBG mfKf mfnfr jvsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 394bQ) mfKfq ifodV Kfjst kfv …isvW mfnfr jvsh. (mc}, dm} 399bQ)


14

9- zk}iv zfv bkcb ifdb bf dbsq ‰ rfskƒ lcƒ jfb mfnfr jvsh; wfrflskv (kuGbD) lcƒ zfÌct�äfvf lcƒ jfsbv dHkv dlj ˆhQ lcƒ hcsVf zfÌct�äfvf lcƒ jfsbv diE W hfdrv dlj mfnfr jvsh. (nzflf} 99, 125bQ) iajfw sp, olGfb mfnfr jvf dhsLq bq. hvQ ˆef dhlzfk. 10- zk}iv iaKsm Ffb if W isv hfm if o]fe ipG§À 3 hfv jsv vosV sLfsh. jsV zfÌct�äfvf ifsqv zfÌcstv I]fjÈstf sJtft jsv vosV sLZk jvsh. (zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}, dm} 407bQ) diaq bhD � hstb, ªiCBGfÌv™si Wpc jv, zfÌcstv I]fjÈstf sJtft jv zfv svfpf bf Kfjst bfsj Jch Hftv™si ifdb yVfW. (kfviv kf sUsV sIst …Ùmv™si bfj nfI jv.) (zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, lf}, dm} 405-406 bQ) 11- ˆviv rfsk ifdb dbsq jfisVv …iv sKsj wvmofsr dYdesq slsh. dhswN jsv siwfh jvfv iv Wpc jvst ˆƒ zfmt zdLjv™si hAhrfpG. spsrkc siwfh jsv kfrfvskv iv lc-ˆj jfkvf siwfh shv rWqfv znznf Kfsj. nckvfQ ifdb dYdesq dlst ‰ znznf lCv rsq pfq. (nzflf} 152-154, nƒmf} 374-376bQ) ˆƒ zfmt sJfl duhvf„t � mrfbhD � sj dw[f dlsqsYb. (ƒmf}, lf}, rf}, hf}, zf}, dnn} 841bQ)

WWppccvv sswwssNN llcczzff

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ªzfwrflc zft tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù tf wfvDjf tfù z zfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflfb zfècù zvfnCtcr.« zKGf{, zfdm nf[A dld¤Y sp, zfïfr hAkDk sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ. dkdb ˆjj k]fv sjfb zQwD sbƒ. zfsvf nf[A dld¤Y sp, mcrf©mfl k]fv hf¦lf W vnCt. (mcndtm 234bQ, zfhc lf†l, ƒhsb mfufr) dkvdmpDv hBGbfq ˆƒ lczfv swsN dbsm´v zQwdeW pcÙÁ�zfsY}-

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15

ipG§À kf bó�jvf rq bf. �D�&� �?�B�+�=و��:�k�4�[��l�3��N��?�� ?N��،��h>��ن��#�� و�@�<N' א�D�3��[.

ªnchrfbfjfïf-ù©mf zdhrfmdljf, zfwrflc zft tf ƒtf-rf ƒïf zf§ÀX , zf²ÀfodIv¢jf z zfkChc ƒtfƒjX.« zKGf{, skfmfv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jvdY sr zfïfr! zfdm nf[A dld¤Y sp kcdmƒ ˆjmfÛ nkA …ifnA. zfdm skfmfv dbje [mf iafKGbf jvdY W skfmfv dlsj iakAfhkGb (kWhf) jvdY. (k¶f}, nkf} 218bQ, ƒo} 1/135, 3/94) ˆ YfVf iaskAj zÌ�sLfqfv nmq dbdlGó�lczf zKhf swsN�`ƒâf zfbpftbf' ifE dhlzfk.

WWppccvv zzffbbccNNddÌÌjj mmffnnffssqqtt Wpcv zÌÈstfsj jmis[ 1 hfv jsv sLfqf uv¢vD. 2 hfv jsv LcstW yst. ksh 3 hfv jsv sLfqfƒ …Ùm.�ˆvƒ …isv zfïfrv vnCt � kKf nfrfhfsq sjvfsmv zfmt shwD. dj§Â�dkbhfsvv zdLj sLfqf zdkvÓb, hfVfhfdV W nDmftQOb jvf. (zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}, dm} 417-418 bQ) Wpcv sjfb zÌ�2�hfv�ˆhQ sjfb zÌ�3�hfv sLfqf lCNBDq bq. (n}zflf} 109, n}dk} 43bQ) sufVf zÌÈdtv Ffb zÌsj zfso sLfqf vnCt��ˆv dbslGw. (zf}, zflf}, ƒmf}, dm} 401bQ) dkdb Wpc, sofnt, mfKf z]fyVfsbf, ucskf ivf iaHxdk njt jfsuv nmq Ffb sKsj wcv¢ jvf iY¦l jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 400bQ) Wpcv zÌÈstf -dhswN jsv rfk W if- vosV sLfqf�…Ùm. vnCt��ˆv�ˆv™iƒ zfmt dYt. (nbf} 72, dm} 407bQ) zÌnmCr�ˆmbHfsh Lcsk rsh pfsk sjfb nfmfbA ufqofW wcjsbf sKsj bf pfq. Wpcv zsÌ�sjfb iajfv ifdbsvfLj h²Â (spmb si¦eX, ycb, jcmjcm, ztËfv, OdV, dei�ƒkAfdl) Kfjst kf zhwAƒ lCv jsv dbsk rsh. spsrkc zfïfrv bhD � ˆjlf jkj stfsjv wc°j sofVfdt slsJ hstdYstb, ªsofVfdtÈstfv ubA slfpsJ L¶Qn W nhGbfw vsqsY! skfmvf Hftv™si (njt zÌsj n©iCBGv™si) Lcsq Wpc jv.« (mc}, dm} 398bQ) ˆj hAdÙÁ�Wpc jvfv iv mrfbhD��ˆv dbje�…id²¿k rst slJstb, kfv lcƒ ifsq bJ idvmfB ufqof wc°j vsqsY. dkdb kfsj htstb, ªkcdm dIsv dosq Hftv™si Wpc jsv ˆn.« (nzflf} 158bQ) ˆj hAdÙÁsj dkdb slJstb bfmfp iVsY, zfv kfv�ˆj ifsqv disE�ˆj dlvrfm hvfhv�²¿fb wc°j vsqsY, pfsk sn ifdbƒ si]ZYfqdb. dkdb kfsj icbvfq Wpc jsv bkcbHfsh bfmfp iVsk zfslw dlstb. (nzflf} 161 bQ) Wpc jvfv nmq dbvhd¤YâHfsh ˆjefbf zÌÈstfsj�ipGfqÛÁsm ˆsjv iv�ˆj Lcsk


16

rsh. mfsU dhvdk slWqf ShL bq. nckvfQ sj… mfKf hf jfb mfnfr bf jsv Hcst if Lcsq sItst ˆhQ nk¶v msb iVst, sn mfnfr jsv icbvfq if sLfsh. hù isv msb iVst icbvfq bkcb jsv Wpc jvsh. sj… pdl Wpc wcv¢ jvfv iv jfisV bfifjD slsJ ˆhQ kf nfI jvsk jvsk iCshGjfv sLZk zÌ�wcdjsq pfq, kfrst kfsj icb} Wpc jvsk rsh. i[f§Àsv pdl Wpc n©idjGk sjfb dhNsq hA²À rsq dbvhd¤Yâkf sjse pfq, ksh kfsk sjfb [dk rq bf. spmb Wpc jvsk jvsk rfsk hf Wpcv sjfb zsÌ�si¦eX hf bJ-ifdtw hf ycb YfVfsk zKhf ifdb swN rsq sost icbvfq j]csqf hf jt sKsj ifdb kctsk djQhf eAfsËv ifƒi Jctsk iaHxdk jfvsB Wpcsk nfmfbA dhvdk ˆsn iCshGjfv sLfqf zÌ�wcdjsq pfq, kfrst icbvfq bkcbHfsh wcv¢ jsv Wpc jvsk rsh bf. sp zÌ�sLfqf rsqdYt kfv iv sKsjƒ hfjD zÌnmCr Lcsq Wpc swN jvf pfsh. (mcm} 1/157) Wpc jvfv nmq h]fLfsbf l]fk sJftf hf sJtft jsv l]fskv I]fj sKsj stso Kfjf JflAfQw shv jvf uv¢vD bq. (I…} 1/283, Im} 1/210) ˆjƒ ifÛ�rsk�öfmD-²ÃD�…Hsq�ˆj�nfsK zKhf�²ÃD zfso W�öfmD isv zKhf kfv dhivDkHfsh Wpc-sofnt jvfq sjfb [dk hf hfLf sbƒ. zfïfrv vnCt � kKf nfrfhfoB ˆv™i zfmt jsvsYb. (hc}, Ikùt hfvD 1/357-358, mc}, dm} 440bQ) Efàfv jfvsB ovm ifdbsk Wpc-sofnt jvfq sjfb hfLf sbƒ. rpvk …mfv ˆv™i jvskb. (hc}, Ihf} 1/357-358) Wpc-sofnstv ubA idvdmk ifdb hAhrfv jvf jkGhA. zdLj ifdb Jvy jvf zdkvÓsbv ipGfqHcÙÁ;�zfv kf ShL bq. (zf} zflf}, ƒmf}, dm} 418bQ) mrfbhD � 1 mcÜX (jm-shwD 625 oafm) ifdbsk Wpc�ˆhQ 1 nf' sKsj 5 mcÜX (jm-shwD 2500 sKsj 3125 oafm) ifdbsk sofnt jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 439bQ) nckvfQ p]fvf eAfsËv ifdbsk Wpc-sofnt jsvb, k]fslvsj nkjG rWqf�…dyk. Wpcv Ivp zÌ�n©iCBG jfef Kfjst kfv hfjD zÌ�Lcsk hf mfnfr jvsk rq bf. spmb�ˆjde rfk sofef hf jbcƒ ipG§À zKhf ˆjde if sofef hf o]fe ipG§À jfef Kfjst hfjD ˆjde rfk hf if-ƒ Wpcv ubA Lcsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/390) Wpcv swsN ifsÛv zhdwó�ifdb sKsj�ˆj z]futf l]fdVsq ifb jvfv jKf rflDsn vsqsY. (hc} 5616, ndk} 44-45, nbf} 93bQ) Wpcv swsN Wpcv ifdb zÌ�sKsj jfiV dlsq mcsY sItf lCNBDq bq. mrfbhD � Wpcv iv dbsuv ucêfq dbsuv syrfvf mcsYsYb. (nƒmf} 379bQ) WpCv iv ifdb mcYfv ubA k]fv ˆjde h²ÃJà dYt. (dk}, rf}, nuf} 4830bQ) Wpcv iv lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfspv hV IpDtk vsqsY. zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsp sjfb hAdÙÁ pJbƒ nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv ndhbsq ˆjfoakfv nfsK (jfqmsbfhfsjA) lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isV k[Bƒ kfv ubA ufâfk zhLfpG rsq pfq.« (mcndtm 234bQ, zfhc lf†l,


17

bfnf„, ƒhsb mfufr) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv, sjfb Hct bf jsv ( ˆjfoadysÙ) lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isV snƒ hAdÙÁv iCshGjfv nmClq sofbfr mfI rsq pfq.« (zfhc lf†l, nrDr kfvoDh 221bQ) Wpcv isv bfmfp iVfv Istƒ bhD � shsrsñ�k]fv zfso zfso rpvk dhtfstv ucskfv wè wcsbdYstb. (hc}, mc}, nkf} 219bQ) diaq bhD � iaskAj bfmfspv ubA Wpc jvskb. ksh nfrfhfoB bf HfÌf ipG§À ˆjƒ Wpcsk jsqj zsÙÁv bfmfp iVskb. (zf}, hc} 214 bQ, zflf}, dk}, bf}, lf}, dm} 425bQ) zhwA mÄf dhusqv dlb bhD��ˆj Wpcskƒ i]fy WqfsÙÁv bfmfp isVdYstb. (mc} 277, zflf} 172, ƒmf} 510bQ) nhGlf Wpc zh²¿fq Kfjf�ˆhQ Wpc HfÌst nfsK nfsK Wpc jsv sbWqfv IpDtk hdBGk rsqsY. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf (iaskAj dhNsq) jkGhAdbô vr; zfv kfsk jJbƒ n[m rsh bf. susb svsJf, skfmfslv nhGswaô zfmt bfmfp. zfv mcdmb hAkDk sj…ƒ Wpcv drIfpk jvsh bf.« (ƒhsb mfufr, rfsjm, nrDr kfvoDh 190bQ) rpvk zfècïfr dhb hcvfƒlfr k]fv dikfv dbje rsk hBGbf jsv hstb, ˆjlf iaHfkjfst zfïfrv vnCt rpvk dhtftsj sFsj htstb, ªsr dhtft! dj ˆmb jfu jsv kcdm ufâfsk zfmfv zfso yst sost? zfdm ok vfsÛ (ösi) ufâfsk iashw jvst skfmfv (uckfv) wè zfmfv nfmsb sKsj wcbsk sitfm!« dhtft htstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfdm pJbƒ zfpfb dlsqdY kJbƒ lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isVdY. zfv pJbƒ zfdm zidhÛ rsqdY kJbƒ zfdm nfsK nfsK Wpc jsv dbsqdY.' ˆ wcsb zfïfrv vnCt htstb, ªˆƒ jfsuv ubAƒ. (ufâfsk zfmfv zfso zfso skfmfv wè wcbtfm.)« (ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, nrDr kfvoDh 194bQ)

ssvvffooDDvv iiddhhÛÛkkff WW WWppcc--ssooffnntt

svfoD rstW sofnt Wqfsuh rst sofnt ˆhQ Wpcv lvjfv rst Wpc jvf uv¢vD. Efàf ifdb hAhrfv jvfq [dkv zfwËf rst svfoD ovm ifdb hAhrfv jvsh. ifdb hAhrfsv�ˆsjhfsvƒ znmKG rst hf svfo-hxdÝ�zKhf zfsvfoA tfsH dhtsìv zfwËf rst kfqf©mcm jvsh. svfoD dbsu Wpc hf kfqf©mcm jvsk bf ifvst zbA sj… jdvsq slsh. Wpcv sjfb zsÌ�[k KfjstW kf Lcsk rsh. zhwA ifdb tfost Of shsV pfsh ˆmb zfwËf Kfjst rfk dHdusq kfv�…iv hcdtsq mfnfr jvsh. mfnfr jvfW [dkjfvj rst�‰�zsÌv idvhskG kfqf©mcm jsv sbsh. [k²¿fsb ide h]fLf hf i½f±efv jvf Kfjst zbAfbA zÌ�Lcsq idev�…iv mfnfr jvsh.


18

mfnfr jvst zfv kfqf©mcsmv iasqfub sbƒ. svfoDv ubAW slr, sthfn W bfmfp iVfv ²¿fsbv nhGiajfv idhÛkf uv¢vD. dj§Â�zidhÛkf lCv jvsk bf ifvst sp zh²¿fq Kfjsh sn zh²¿fskƒ kfv bfmfp wcÝ�rsq pfsh. sjfb bfmfpsj kfv pKf nmq sKsj didYsq slWqf (spmb Iuvsj spfrsvv nmq ipG§À dhtì�jvf) svfoDv ubAW ShL bq. pKf n©Hh idhÛkf zuGb jsv zKhf (z[m rst) bf jsvƒ bfmfspv pKf nmq zdkhfdrk rWqfv iCshGƒ bfmfp zhwAƒ isV sbsh. bsy{ sofbfrofv rsh. (vfnfƒt dIkX kfrfvfdk znX nftfk, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 39-41ix}) sjhtmfÛ�mfKf Lcst zncJ rWqfv hf hfVfv Hq rst hfjD slr Lcsq mfKfq mfnfr jvsh. zhwA ˆv nfsK kfqf©mcmW jvsk rsh. (ƒhsb hfp, Iƒ} 1/214) nhGlf ianafh Uvst zKhf hfkjmG rst zKhf mdrtfslv nflf nafh Uvst iaskAj bfmfspv ubA Wpc uv¢vD. (I…} 1/287-291 û}) bfmfspv nmq rst pdl jfisV bfifjD stso Kfsj, ksh bfmfpD kf hlst tÏf²¿fb Lcsq Wpc jvsh. bfmfspv nmq pfsk bfifjD zbAfbA zsÌ�hf jfisV YdVsq bf isV kfv ubA wvmofsr dhswN jfiV, tAfÌe hf ide hAhrfv jvsh. sofnt jvst svfo-hxdÝ�rsh�ˆhQ Wpc jvst [dk rsh bf hcUst kfqf©mcm jsv Wpc jvsh.

WWppcc bbóó��rrWWqqffvv jjffvvBBnnmmCCrr 1. siwfh W ifqJfbf äfv rsk djYc (siwfh, ifqJfbf, hDpG, mpD, rfWqf, vÙÁ,�jxdm, ifKv iaHxdk) shv rst Wpc sHsÌ pfq. (mcm} 1/220) klbcv™i slsrv zbAfbA zÌ sKsj�(spmb zifsvwb jsv sie sKsj ifƒsiv mfLAsm) zidhÛ�(dhswN jsv siwfh-ifqJfbf) shv rstW Wpc bó�rsq pfsh. (‰1/221) 2. pfsk sofnt Wqfsuh rq, kfsk WpcW bó�rq. 3. sjfb iajfsv shùw hf ÎfbwCbA rst Wpc bó�rq. 4. ofPHfsh Ocdmsq iVst Wpc HfsÌ.�zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsyfJ rt mtäfsvv h]fLb. nckvfQ sp Ocdmsq pfq, sn spb Wpc jsv.« (zf}, zflf}, ƒmf}, dm} 316, nuf} 4149bQ) zhwA rfîf Ocm hf Tct (k¦ûf) ˆst Wpc HfsÌ�bf. nfrfhfsq sjvfm bhD��ˆv pcso�ˆwfv bfmfspv ubA k]fv zsi[f jvsk jvsk k¦ûf¤Yâ rsq Tctskb. zk}iv dkdb ˆst k]fvf bfmfp iVskb, dj§Â�bkcb jsv zfv Wpc jvskb bf. (mc} 376bQ, zflf} 199-201bQ) 5. siwfh zKhf ifqJfbf-äfv nvfndv�±iwG jvst Wpc bó�rq. (jfisVv�…iv sKsj rfk dlst bó�rq bf.) (nuf} 6554, 6555bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sp hAdÙÁ�dhbf ilGfq W z§Àvfst dbsuv wvmofr ±iwG jsv, kfv …iv Wpc Wqfsuh rsq pfq.« (nuf} 362, dnn} 1235 bQ)


19

rfskv jdçv …isvv zQw äfvf�±iwG rst Wpc HfÌsh bf. (mcm} 1/229) 6. …sev sofñX (jdtuf, Hc]dV) sJst Wpc sHsÌ�pfq.�ˆj hAdÙÁ�mrfbhD � sj duÎfnf jvt,�`…sev sofñX sJst Wpc jvh dj?' dkdb htstb,�ªrA]f,�…sev sofñX sJst Wpc jsvf.« (mc} 360bQ) dkdb hstb, ª…sev sofñX sJst skfmvf Wpc jsvf.« (zf}, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}, nuf} 3006 bQ)

ppffsskk WWppcc bbóó��rrqq bbff

1. bfvDslr ±iwG jvst Wpc HfsÌ�bf. jfvB, mrfbhD � vfsÛ�bfmfp iVskb, zfv mf zfsqwf (vf}) k]fv n©mcsJ if smst wcsq Kfjskb. pJb dkdb dnulfq spskb, kJb k]fv ifsq ±iwG jsv if ndvsq dbsk htskb. ˆsk dkdb dbsuv if lc'desj Èdesq dbskb. (hc} 513, mc} 512bQ) dkdb rpvk zfsqwf (vf})sj ycìb dlskb. kfviv Wpc bf jsv bfmfp iVsk shdvsq spskb. (zflf} 178-179 bQ, zf} 6/210, dl} 86, bf} 170, ƒmf} 502bQ, lfvf} 1/138, hf} 1/125) zhwA ±iwG hf ycìsb mpD shv rst kf Lcsq Wpc uv¢vD. (I…}1/285-286) 2. srf-srf jsv rfnst; ˆ iansÌv rflDnde ltDstv spfoA bq. kfƒ rfnst Wpc HfsÌ�bf. (dInc} …lGc 1/50-51, hc}, Ihf} 1/336) 3. hdm jvst; ˆjlf bhD � hdm jvst svfpf sHsÌ�sItstb. kfviv dkdb Wpc jvstb. (zf} 6/449, dk}) ˆƒ rflDsn k]fv jsmGv iv±iv zh²¿f hdBGk rsqsY. hdm jvstb hst Wpc sHsÌ�dosqdYt, kfƒ dkdb Wpc jsvdYstb -kf iamfB rq bf. (ƒo} 1/148, mcm} 1/224-225) 4. o]fsev dbsy jfiV Uctfst; o]fsev dbsy jfiV Uctfsbf jfhDvf sofbfr. djqfmsk zfïfr snƒ hAdÙÁv dlsj kfdjsqW slJshb bf, sp hAdÙÁ�kfv ivsbv jfiV ifsqv o]fsev dbsy ipG§À Ucdtsq isv. (hc} 5784, mc} 2085bQ) dj§Â ˆv Ist Wpc HfsÌ�bf.�ˆj hAdÙÁ�‰v™i jfiV Ucdtsq bfmfp iVst mrfbhD � kfsj icbvfq Wpc jsv bfmfp iVsk ùjcm dlsqdYstb hst sp rflDn zfhC lf†sl hdBGk rsqsY, kf pqDI ˆhQ ltDstv spfoA bq. (p} zflf} 124, 884bQ) 5. bfj sKsj vÙÁ�iVst;�ˆsk Wpc bó�rq hst rflDn�ƒhsb mfufq hdBGk rsqsY, kf pqDI. (p} ƒmf} 252, p}uf} 5426bQ) 6. slsrv sjfb zÌ�sjse vÙÁ�iVst, l]fk sKsj vÙÁ�Uvst, kDvdhÝ�rsq vÙÁ�iVst; pf-kcv dvjf' pcsÝ�bhD��…id²¿k dYstb. snJfsb�ˆj hAdÙÁ�kDvdhÝ�rsq vÙÁfÙÁ�rstW sn v¢jc dnulf jsv bfmfp n©iâ jsvdYt. rfnfb hfnvD (v}) hstb, mcndtmvf ˆ pfh{ kfslv vÙÁfÙÁ�[k dbsqƒ bfmfp isV zfnsY. rpvk ƒhsb …mfv ˆjde


20

Icnjcdv sost dlst kf sKsj vÙÁ�shv rt. dj§Â�dkdb Wpc jvstb bf.�ƒhsb zfhD zfWIf vÙÁmfJf KcKc sItstb. zk}iv dkdb k]fv bfmfp n©iâ jvstb. ƒhsb …mfv W rfnfb hstb, sj… wxÌ�tfdosq hl-vÙÁ�shv jvst sjht�‰�ufqofef Lcsq sbsh.�ˆ�YfVf Wpc-sofnt sbƒ. (hc} Ihf} 1/336) iCshGfÙÁ�kDvdhÝ�stfjde dYt�ˆjub zfbnfvD. kfv nÌD�ˆj mcrfsuvD kfv vÙÁfÙÁ�zh²¿f slsJ htt, `nchrfbfïfr! (dkb dkbse kDv smsvsY?!) iaKm kDv mfvst kcdm zfmfsj ufdosq lfWdb sjb?' zfbnfvD htt, `zfdm ˆmb ˆjde nCvf ifE jvdYtfm, pf n©iCBG bf jsv sYsV dlsk iY¦l jdvdb!' (zflf} 198bQ) 7. mclGf sofnt dlst; mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�mclGfsj sofnt slsh, sn spb dbsu sofnt jsv sbq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ�ufbfpf hrb jvsh, sn spb Wpc jsv sbq.« (zflf}, dk}, zf} 2/280 iaHxdk) dj§Â�ˆƒ dbslGwde mc²Àfrfh. zKGf{ bf jvstW yst. ksh jvf …Ùm. jfvB, sofntlfkfv slsr bfifjD stso pfWqfv ns¦lr Kfsj kfƒ. kfƒ skf zbA ˆj hBGbfq zfsY; dkdb hstb, ªmclGfsj sofnt dlst skfmfslv ubA sofnt jvf uv¢vD bq. jfvB skfmfslv mclGf skf zfv bfifj bq. zkˆh skfmfslv rfk Lcsq sbWqfƒ psKó.« (rf} 1/386, hf} 3/398) rpvk …mfv hstb, `zfmvf mfƒsqAksj sofnt dlkfm. kfsk zfmfslv msLA sj… sj… sofnt jsv dbk. zfhfv zsbsj jvk bf.' (lfvf} 191bQ) zhwA mfƒsqAksj sofnt slWqfv nmq kfv wvmofsr rfk stso Kfjst Wpc zhwAƒ bó�rsh. zfv ufbfpf hrb jvfsk Wpc bó�rq bf. (mh} 26/96) 8. mxkslsrv sifómseGm jvfskW Wpc HfsÌ�bf.�(‰�27/40) 9. Wpc jsv mfsqvf pdl kfslv dwwcv siwfh hf ifqJfbf nfI jsv, ksh kf rfsk tfostW Wpc HfsÌ�bf. zhwA ifqJfbfäfv hf siwfhäfv sLfqfv nmq sjfb�äfsv rfk tfost Wpc bó�rsq pfq.�(‰�22/62)

10. sjfbW bfifj h²Â (mfbcN hf iwcv siwfh, ifqJfbf, vÙÁ�iaHxdk)sk rfk hf if dlst Wpc HfsÌ�bf.�(‰�35/96)

11. Wpc jvfv iv LCmifb jvst Wpc bó�rq bf. ksh LCmifb jvf zhwAƒ rfvfm. (‰

18/92-93)

12. sjftb, sjfrt hf d±idve-dmdwak zfkv hf sn¦eX hAhrfv jvst Wpcv sjfb [dk rq bf. ksh kf hAhrfv ShL bq. (Iƒ} 1/203) 13. yct, bJ ƒkAfdl nfI jvst Wpc HfsÌ�bf. (I…} 1/292, hc} 1/336) klbcv™i zw½Dt jKf htst, r]fecv …iv jfiV …sE ˆst, mdrtfv mfKf sJftf sost, jf…sj hf dbsusj …tÌ�slJst Wpc bó�rq bf. lcL ifb jvst bfmfspv iCshG jcdï jvf mc²Àfrfh. (hc} 211, mc} 358bQ)


21

sspp sspp jjffssuuvv uubbAA WWppcc uuvv¢¢vvDD hhff mmcc²²ÀÀffrrffhh bfmfp iVfv ubA, jcvzfb mfuDl (mcnrfI) ±iwG jvf hf rfsk sbWqfv ubA ˆhQ jf'hf wvDsIv kWqfI jvfv ubA Wpc jvf uv¢vD. ˆ YfVf jcvzfb sktfzk, zfïfrv dpjXv, sktfzk W wcjXsvv dnulf, zfpfb, nfIf-mfvWqfv nf„, dhdHâ sJfkhf ifE ƒkAfdlv nmq Wpc jvf mc²Àfrfh.

ssmmffuuffvv ……iivv mmffnnffrr yfmVf hf jfisVv (ncdk hf bfƒtsbv) smfufv …iv mfnfr hù nQJAj rflDn äfvf iamfdBk. nfrfhD ufvDv (vf}) (dpdb Wpcv zfqfk zhkDBG rWqfv iv ƒntfm oarB jsvb dkdb) hstb, `zfdm slsJdY, zfïfrv vnCt � siwfh jvfv iv Wpc jvstb ˆhQ dbsuv (yfmVfv) smfufv …iv mfnfr jvstb.' (mc} 272bQ) mcoDvfr dhb swf'hfr jkGxj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � Wpcv iv (ncdkv) smfuf W ucskfv …iv mfnfr jsvsYb. (zflf} 159, ƒmf}, dk}, zf}, dm} 523bQ)

ˆƒƒ mmffnnffrrvv wwkkGGffhhttDD ˆƒ mfnfrv ubA 4de wkG vsqsY; 1- if Lcsq iCBGv™si Wpc jvfv iv smfuf ivsk rsh. iCshG Wpc bf jsv smfuf isv, kfviv kfv …iv mfnfr ytsh bf. nfrfhD mcoDvfr hstb, zfdm bhD � ˆv nsÌ�ˆj nIsv dYtfm. dkdb Wpc jvdYstb. zfdm k]fv smfuf lc'de Jcst dbsk U]cjtfm. dkdb htstb,�ªYfsVf, zfdm W lc'desj Wpc zh²¿fq isvdY.« (hc} 206, mc} 274bQ) 2- smfuf lc'de spb idhÛ�rq. zKGf{, kfsk spb sjfb iajfsvv bfifjD stso bf Kfsj. 3- ˆƒ mfnfr spb snƒ idhÛkf zuGsbv nmq rq, pfv ubA sjht Wpc uv¢vD rq. jfvB, pfv ubA sofnt uv¢vD rq, snƒ idhÛkf zuGsbv nmq smfuf Jcst dlsq if sLfWqf uv¢vD. (dk}, bf}, zf}, ƒJc}, dm} 520bQ) 4- mfnfr spb dbLGfdvk nmsqv msLA rq. (IfkfWqf dIt mfndr zftft JcIXIfƒb, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 3bQ)

mmffnnffrrvv nnmmqqjjfftt rpvk zftD jkGxj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � mcnfdIsvv ubA 3 dlb ˆhQ oxrhfnDv ubA 1 dlb smfufv …iv mfnfrv nmq-nDmf dbLGfdvk jsvsYb. (mc} 276) ˆƒ dbdlGó�nmq wcv¢ rsh, Wpc jsv smfuf isv ‰ Wpc HfÌst kfv isvv Wpc jvfv nmq kfv�…iv mfnfr jvfv iv sKsj. zkˆh iaKm mfnfr sKsj 24 O¦ef oxrhfnDv


22

ubA ˆhQ 72 O¦ef mcnfdIsvv ubA mfnfr jvf ShL rsh. nckvfQ pdl sj… mÌthfsvv Iusvv bfmfspv ubA Wpc jvfv nmq smfuf isv, kfviv�‰�Wpcsk yfv zÙÁ�bfmfp isV pdl kfv Wpc�ˆwfv iv HfsÌ�ˆhQ hcLhfv Iusvv iCshG Wpc jvfv nmq mfnfr jsv, kfrst sn oxrhfnD rst iv dlb hxr±idkhfsvv Iuv ipG§À Wpc jvfv nmq smfufv …iv mfnfr jvsk ifsv. zbcv™i mcnfdIv rst wdbhfv Iuv ipG§À mfnfr jvsk ifvsh. (IfJc}, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 8-9ix}, mh} 1/236)

ˆƒƒ mmffnnffrrvv ddbbqqmm lc'de rfksj dHdusq Ffb rfskv zfÌctÈdtsj Ffb ifsqv zfÌcstv�…iv sKsj wcv¢ jsv ifsqv ifkfv …iv dlsj hcdtsq dbsq dosq ifsqv vtfv wcv¢ ipG§À mfnfr jvsk rsh. zfv ‰ ˆjƒ nfsK ˆjƒ dbqsm hfm rfskv zfÌct dlsq hfm ifsqv ifkfv�…iv mfnfr jvsh.�…Hq jfsbv mfnfr spmb�ˆjƒ nsÌ�rq, dEj skmdbƒ …Hq ifsqv mfnfr ˆjƒ nsÌ�rsh. lcƒ rfk ucsV iaKsm Ffb if, kfviv hfm if ixKj jsv mfnfr jvf dEj bq. (IfJc} 13bQ) ifsqv skstfsk Lcstf-hfdt KfjstW kfv dbsy mfnfr jvf dhsLq bq. rpvk zftD hstb, `äDsb pdl vfq W dhshsjv�²¿fb Kfjk, kfrst smfufv�…isvv zQw zsi[f dbsyv zQwƒ zdLj mfnfrspfoA rk. dj§Â�zfdm zfïfrv vnCt � sj k]fv smfufv …isvv zQsw mfnfr jvsk slsJdY.' (zflf}, lf}, zf}, dm} 525bQ)

mmffnnffrr bbóó��rrqq ddjjssnn??

1- mfnfrv dbdlGó�nmq-nDmf zdkhfdrk rsq sost. 2- sofnt Ivp rst. 3- (mfnfr jvfv iv) smfuf Jcst sItst.

ˆƒƒ mmffnnffrrvv zzffbbccNNddÌÌjj mmffnnffssqqtt wDk-oaD°m sp sjfb nmsq smfuf isv Kfjst kfv …iv mfnfr ShL. smfuf ivf wDskv ubAƒ rsk rsh, ˆmb sjfb wkG sbƒ. (Iƒ} 1/235) ˆsjhfsv ifktf (pfsk if slJf pfq ˆmb) smfuf rst kfsk mfnfr ytsh bf. (‰ 1/234) …Ùm W nkjGkfmCtj zfmt�ˆƒ sp, …Hq if sLfqf swN rst kshƒ smfuf ivf rsh. bsy{ Ffb if Lcsq smfuf isv dbsq kfviv hfm if sLfqf W smfuf ivf …Ùm bq. (‰�1/233-234)


23

smfuf ivfv nmq `ˆv …iv mfnfr jvh' hf `ˆkdlb mfnfr jvh' ˆmb sjfb dbqk wkG hf uv¢vD bq. (IfJc} 6bQ) Wpc jvfv ivƒ smfuf ivst kfv …iv mfnfr jvf pfq. kfqf©mcm jvfv iv smfuf ivst (icbvfq ifdb sist W Wpc jvst snƒ nmq) mfnfr jvf pfq bf. i[f§Àsv ifdb bf sist ˆhQ Wpc bf jvst pkdlb kfqf©mcm jvsh kkdlb ifsq smfuf Kfjsh. ˆ nmq smfufv …iv mfnfr jvf hf smfuf Jcst sItf uv¢vD bq. spsrkc kfqf©mcsmv nfsK ifsqv sjfb n©ijG sbƒ. (IfJc} 5bQ) sp nIsv bfmfspv jnv ShL, snƒ nIsv 3 dlb 3 vfk mfnfr ShL. (‰ 7bQ) Osv sKsj mfnfr wcv¢ jvfv iv nIv jvst mcnfdIsvv mk 72 O¦efƒ mfnfr jvsk ifvf pfsh. zbcv™i nIsv mfnfr wcv¢ jsv Osv dIsv ˆst oxrhfnDv mk sjht 24 O¦efƒ mfnfr jvf pfsh. (‰ 8bQ) mfnfrv dbLGfdvk nmqjft swN rsq pfWqfv iv mfnfr jsv bfmfp iVst bfmfp rq bf. (‰ 10bQ) Wpc jvfv iv smfuf isv Wpc bf HfÌfv iCshGƒ pdl Jcst icbvfq isv sbWqf rq, kfrst kfskW mfnfr jvf ytsh. dj§Â�ˆjhfv mfnfr jvfv iv smfuf Jcst sItst kfviv icbvfq (Wpc KfjstW) ivfv iv zfv mfnfr ytsh bf. jfvB, sp Wpcsk if sLfWqf rq sjht snƒ Wpcv ivƒ smfuf ivst kfv …iv mfnfr jvf pfsh. (‰ 11bQ) smfufv …iv mfnfr jvfv iv ucskf ivst hf Fht smfuf ivst zKhf Fht smfuf hf ucskfv …iv mfnfr jvfv iv ˆjde smfuf hf ucskf Jcst sItst …Hq zh²¿fskƒ mfnfr ShL. ksh mfnfrv nmqjft Lvsk rsh iaKm zh²¿f sKsj.�(‰�12bQ) mdrtfvfW icv¢Nslv mkƒ mfnfr jvsh. (‰ 16bQ) smfuf bfdmsq if yctjfst hf ifKv zfdl shv jvst pdl zdLjfQw if shv rsq pfq, kfrst kfv …iv zfv mfnfr ShL rsh bf. smfufv ktfq rfk Hvst hf nfmfbA if shv rsq sost mfnfrsk sjfb iaHfh iVsh bf. (‰ 17bQ) smfufv …iv mfnfr jvfv iv smfuf Jcst sItst ‰ Wpc bó�rsq pfq bf. ksh icbvfq (if bf Lcsq Wpc jsv) smfuf ivst kfv�…iv mfnfr yst bf.�(‰�19bQ) Wpcv msLA pkef if sLfqf Ivp smfufsk kkef if-ƒ Tfjsk rsh; bsy{ mfnfr rsh bf -ˆ jKfv sjfb ltDt sbƒ. zkˆh Ifef, jfef W sY]Vf smfufv …isvW mfnfr ytsh. (‰ 4bQ) ksh pdl zdLjfQw if shdvsq Kfsj, kfrst sn jKf dHâ. Wpc bf jsv smfuf isv kfsk mfnfr jsv Wpc jvst bfmfp rq bf. spmb [k²¿fsb mfnfr Hcst dosq Wpc�jsv bfmfp iVstW bfmfp rq bf. (Iƒ} 1/232, mh} 5/298)

kkffqqff©©mmccmm kfqf©mcsmv dbslGw sJfl zfïfr kfzftf dlsqsYb. dkdb hstb,


24

��a;��و�$�';]�:��و�,��C�@�4�9E.و�?�ن�g)�2�C��2و�אn�=�@2�'�(�)��L2�9 א�4@��L2�C��و�op�2�k א2/��C�@E8�92�Cb��)��9�C�@E8��E8@�و��M�+�,�+ �#�+�א!��&��א��&�G�L�C��(��+�א#�&�4�(�

zKGf{, pdl skfmvf znc²¿�rW zKhf nIsv Kfj, djQhf skfmfslv msLA sj… ifqJfbf jsv zfsn zKhf skfmvf ²ÃD-nÌm jv, zk}iv ifdb bf ifW, kfrst ifj mfde äfvf kfqf©mcm jsv bfW; skfmfslv mcJmàt W rfksj mfde äfvf mfnfr jv---. (jc} 5/6) nvt W nru äDsbv bhD � hstb,�ªnjt mfbcN�(…©mskv)�…iv zfmfslvsj 3de dhNsqv mfLAsm swaôk¶ lfb jvf rsqsY; zfmfslv jfkfvsj jvf rsqsY dIdvñfhsoGv jfkfsvv mk, nfvf ixdKhDsj zfmfslv ubA mndul jsv slWqf rsqsY�ˆhQ ifdb bf ifWqf sost mfdesj zfmfslv ubA idhÛkf zuGsbv�…ijvB jvf rsqsY. (mc}, dm} 526bQ)

ssjjffbbXX ssjjffbbXX zzhh²²¿¿ffqq kkffqqff©©mmccmm SShhLL?? 1. ˆsjhfsvƒ ifdb bf ifWqf sost zKhf ifb jvfv mk Kfjst ˆhQ Wpc-sofnstv ubA psKó�ifdb bf ifWqf sost. rpvk ƒmvfb dhb ùnfƒb hstb, zfmvf bhD � ˆv nsÌ�ˆj nIsv dYtfm.�ˆj nmq dkdb stfsjslv dbsq bfmfp iVstb. pJb dkdb bfmfp swN jvstb, kJb slJstb�ˆjde stfj�ˆjec nsv ixKj l]fdVsq zfsY. sn ufmfzfsk bfmfpW isVdb. dkdb kfsj htstb,�ªdj jfvsB kcdm�ufmfzfsk bfmfp iVst bf?«�stfjde htt, `zfdm bfifsj zfdY, zfv ifdbW sbƒ.' dkdb htstb, ªifj mfde hAhrfv jv. skfmfv ubA kfƒ psKó.« (hc}, mc} dm} 527bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªlw hYv pfh{ ifdb bf ifWqf sost mcndtsmv Wpcv …ijvB rt ifj mfde. ifdb ifWqf sost sofnt jsv sbWqf …dyk. zfv ˆef zhwAƒ …Ùm.« (zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, zf}, dm} 530bQ) zhwA zfsw-ifsw hf nÌDslv jfsvf�dbje ifdb zfsY dj bf, kf zhwAƒ slsJ dbsk rsh. pJb ˆjf§À ifdb ifWqfv sjfb zfwfƒ Kfjsh bf, kJb kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp iVsk rsh. 2. znc²¿�Kfjst zKhf slsr sjfb iajfv [k hf Of Kfjst�ˆhQ ifdb hAhrfsv kf shsV pfWqf hf nc²¿�rsk dhtì�rWqfv zfwËf rst. rpvk ufshv hstb, ˆjlf zfmvf sjfb nIsv shv rtfm. zfmfslv msLA ˆj hAdÙÁv mfKfq ifKsvv zfOfk stso [k rsqdYt.�ˆviv kfv�öislfNW rt. sn nÌDslvsj duÎfnf jvt, `zfmfv ubA dj kfqf©mcm ShL msb jv?' njst htt, `kcdm ifdb hAhrfv jvsk z[m bW. zkˆh skfmfv ubA zfmvf kfqf©mcm ShL msb jdv bf.' kf wcsb stfjde sofnt jvt ˆhQ ˆv iadkdÛÁqfq sn mfvf sot. zk}iv zfmvf


25

pJb bhD �-ˆv dbje dIsv ˆtfm kJb k]fsj snƒ stfjefv Oebf Jcst httfm. kf wcsb dkdb htstb, ªWvf Wsj smsv sItt, zfïfr Wslvsj L¶Qn jv¢j! pdl Wvf ufbk bf, ksh susb sjb sbqdb? zÎkfv WNcL skf iawƒ.« (n}zflf} 325, ƒmf}, lfvf}, dm} 531bQ) 3. ifdb zdkdvÙÁ�Efàf rst ˆhQ kfsk Wpc-sofnt jvfsk zncJ rsh hst lxP zfwËf rst, iv§Â�ifdb ovm jvfv ncspfo hf hAh²¿f bf Kfjst kfqf©mcm ShL. rpvk zfmXv dhb zfn hstb, pfkcn nftfdnt pcÝ−nIsv�ˆj wDskv vfsk zfmfv�öislfN rt. zfmfv Hq rt sp, pdl sofnt jdv kfrst zfdm L¶Qn rsq pfh. kfƒ zfdm kfqf©mcm jsv nÌDslvsj dbsq�(ƒmfm rsq) Iusvv bfmfp iVtfm. zfmfv nÌDvf�ˆjKf bhD �-ˆv dbjse�…sïJ jvst dkdb htstb, ªsr zfmXv! kcdm bfifj zh²¿fq skfmfv nÌDslv�ƒmfmdk jsvY?« zfdm sofnt bf jvfv jfvB k]fsj httfm. zfsvf httfm sp, zfïfr kfzftfv ˆ hfBDW zfdm wcsbdY, dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf zfk¹rkAf jsvf bf. dbÇyq zfïfr skfmfslv iadk hV lqfwDt.« (jc} 4/29) ˆjKf wcsb dkdb rfnstb ˆhQ zfv djYcƒ htstb bf. (hc}, n}zflf} 323bQ, zf}, rf}, lfvf}, ƒdr}) 4. ifdb hAhrfsv [dk bf rst ˆhQ ifdb dbjehkGD sjfb ufqofq KfjstW kf zfbsk ufb, mft hf ƒÏkrfdbv zfwËf rst, ifdb hAhrfv jvsk dosq nIsvv nÌDslv nÌ-YfVf rWqfv Hq rst, h¦lD zh²¿fq Kfjst zKhf (j]csqf�ƒkAfdl sKsj) ifdb skftfv sjfb hAh²¿f bf Kfjst kfqf©mcm jvf ShL. jfvB …ÙÁ�zh²¿fÈstf ifdb bf ifWqfv mkƒ zh²¿f. 5. ifdb jfsY KfjstW kf Wpcv ubA hAhrfv jvst ifb jvf, vfâf jvf ƒkAfdl rsh bf zfwËf�rstW kfqf©mcm ShL. (mcobD, dInc} …lGc 1/61-62)

ddjjssnn kkffqqff©©mmccmm rrsshh?? idhÛ�mfde�ˆhQ kfv swaBDHcÙÁ�njt h²Â�(spmb, ifKv, hfdt, j]fjv, dnsm¦e iaHxdk) äfvf kfqf©mcm wcÝ.�LctfpcÙÁ�mfde bf ifWqf sost LctfrDb ifKv hf hfdtsk kfqf©mcm ShL rsh. (Iƒ} 1/218)

kkffqqff©©mmccmm jjvvffvv iiÝÝddkk wcÝkm rflDn zbcnfsv kfqf©mcm jvfv iÝdk dbm´v™i}- (dbqk jvfv iv `dhndmïfr' hst) lcƒ rfskv sysef mfdev …iv mfvsk rsh. kfviv kcst dbsq kfv …iv I]cj dlsq zdkdvÙÁ�Lcstfhfdt�…dVsq dlsq�…Hq rfk�äfvf mcJmàt mfnfr jvsk rsh. ˆviv hfm rfk äfvf Ffb rfk jdç ipG§À ˆhQ swsN Ffb rfk äfvf hfm rfk jdç ipG§À mfnfr jvsk rsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 528bQ)


26

kkffqqff©©mmccmm ddjjssnn bbóó��rrqq?? sp sp jfvsB Wpc bó�rq, dEj snƒ snƒ jfvsB kfqf©mcmW bó�rsq pfq. jfvB kfqf©mcm rt Wpcv dhj¬i. ˆ YfVf sp zncdhLfv jfvsB kfqf©mcm jvf rsqdYt, snƒ zncdhLf lCv rsq sostƒ kfqf©mcm bó�rsq pfq. spmb ifdb bf ifWqfv jfvsB kfqf©mcm jvst ifdb ifWqfv nfsK nfsK kfqf©mcm swN rsq pfq. zncsJv jfvsB jvst, zncJ lCv rsq pfWqfv iv ivƒ zfv kfqf©mcm Kfsj bf. (dInc} …lGc 1/63)

kkffqqff©©mmccssmmvv zzffbbccNNddÌÌjj mmffnnffssqqtt sJ]fufv iv ifdb bf ifWqf sost zfWqft zsÙÁƒ kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp iVf …dyk. swN zÙÁ�ipG§À ifdbv zsi[f jvf hf ifdb sJ]fuf uv¢vD bq. zfWqft zsÙÁ�bfmfp isV swN zsÙÁ�ifdb ifWqf sostW bfmfp icbvfq iVsk rsh bf. (dn}n} 6/265-268) ifdb sJ]fufJ]cdu bf jsvƒ kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp iVst ˆhQ ifdb kfv zfsw-ifsw mucl Kfjst bfmfp hfdkt oBA rsh. (Iƒ} 1/220) rpvk zfhC nf„l JclvD hstb, lcƒ hAdÙÁ�nIsv shv rt. bfmfspv nmq rst kfslv dbje ifdb bf Kfjfv jfvsB kfqf©mcm jsv …Hsqƒ bfmfp isV dbt. zk}iv WqfÙÁ�swN rWqfv iCshGƒ kfvf ifdb sisq sot. Wslv msLA ˆjub ifdb äfvf Wpc jsv icbvfq�‰�bfmfp dIdvsq iVt. dj§Â�ziv ub iVt bf. kfviv kfvf zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv dbje ˆst Oebf Jcst htt. dkdb sp bfmfp dIdvsq isVdb kfv …sÜswA htstb,�ªskfmfv zfmt ncâfrv zbcnfvD rsqsY ˆhQ skfmfv bfmfpW psKó�(wcÝ)�rsq sosY.«�zfv sp Wpc jsv bfmfp dIdvsq isVdYt, kfv�…sÜswA dkdb htstb,�ªskfmfv ubA Fht nWqfh.« (zflf}, bf}, lf}, dm} 533bQ) iajfw sp, ncâfr ufbfv iv Fht jsv bfmfp ShL bq. (mcm} 1/344) i[f§Àsv sp hAdÙÁ�bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq ifdb sisq pfq, kfsj bfmfp sYsV dlsq Wpc jsv icbvfq bfmfp iVsk rsh. (dInc} …lGc 1/63, mcm} 1/343) Wpc W sofnstv iv sp jfu jvf ShL, kfqf©mcsmv ivW snƒ jfu jvf ShL rq. spsrkc kfqf©mcm Wpc-sofnstv idvhkG. (‰) ifdb hf mfde djYc bf ifWqf sost dhbf Wpc W kfqf©mcsmƒ bfmfp iVsk rsh. (hc} 336bQ) Osv KfjstW sJ]fufJ]cduv iv ifdb bf ifWqf sost ˆhQ bfmfspv nmq zdkhfdrk rWqfv zfwËf rst kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp iVsk rsh. (hc}, Ihf} 1/525-526) i[f§Àsv ifdb mucl Kfjst bfmfspv WqfÙÁX�yst pfWqfv zfwËf rstW Wpc-sofnt jsv bfmfp iVsk rsh.�‰�nmq kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp rsh bf. (‰ 1/212) ˆjƒ kfqf©mcsm jsqj zsÙÁv bfmfp iVf dnÝ. (mcm} 1/340) dnÝ�bf rWqfv hAfifsv


27

zfnfvÈstf wcÝ�bq.

ddmmnnWWqqffjj ((ll]]ffkkbb)) jjvvffvv ÈÈvv¢¢kk¶¶ diaq bhD � hstb, ªzfdm …©mskv ubA jójv bf ufbst�ˆwfv bfmfpsj slvD jsv iVsk�ˆhQ iaskAj bfmfspv nmq l]fkb jvsk zfslw dlkfm.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 376bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªzfdm zfmfv …©mskv is[ jójv bf ufbst (iaskAj) Wpcv nfsK l]fkb jvf Ivp jvkfm�ˆhQ�ˆwfv bfmfp zsLGj vfk ipG§À slvD jsv iVkfm.« (rf}, hf}, n}uf} 5319 bQ) kfƒ nfrfhD pfsql dhb Jfstl ucrfbD mndusl bfmfp iVsk rfduv rskb, zfv k]fv l]fkbsj jtsmv mk k]fv jfsb È]su vfJskb. bfmfsp l]fVfhfv nmq dkdb l]fkb jsv icbvfq jfsb È]su dbskb. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 390 bQ) mcndtsmv iajxdkok jmGnmCsrv ˆjde rt, dmnWqfj jsv mcJ nfI jvf. (mc}, dm} 379bQ) dhswN jsv ucmzfv dlb sofnt W l]fkb jvf ˆhQ zfkv hAhrfv jvf jkGhA. (zf}, hc}, mc}, zflf}, n}uf} 4178 bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªduhvDt (zf}) zfmfsj (ˆk shwD) l]fkb jvsk zfslw jsvsYb, pfsk zfdm zfmfv l]fk Usv pfWqfv zfwËf jvdY.« (dnn} 1556 bQ) zbA ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstb, ª---ˆsk zfmfv Hq rq sp, l]fkb jvf zfmfv …iv Ivp jsv slWqf rsh.« (n}uf} 1376 bQ) hfdVsk iashw jvf mfÛ�dkdb iaKm sp jfu jvskb, kf rt l]fkb. (mc}, dm} 377bQ) kfrfÏcl iVsk�…Estƒ dkdb l]fkb jsv l]fk mfuskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 378bQ) zfhfv vfsÛv zbAfbA nmsqW pJb suso�…Eskb, kJb dmnWqfj jvskb. (n}uf} 4853 bQ) zfv ˆƒ ubAƒ vfsÛ�swfhfv nmq dwKfsb l]fkb svsJ dbskb. (‰ 4872 bQ) dkdb hstb, ªl]fkb jvfq vsqsY mcsJv idhÛkf�ˆhQ iadkiftj zfïfrv n§Âdó. (zf}, lf}, bf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, hc} (dhbf nbsl), dm} 381bQ) ˆjlf rpvk zftD l]fkb zfbsk zfslw jsv htstb, zfïfrv vnCt � hstsYb, ªhf¦lf pJb bfmfp iVsk l×fqmfb rq kJb dIdvwXkf kfv diYsb l×fqmfb rsq kfv dj¶vfzfk wcbsk Kfsjb. dIdvwXkf kfv dbjehkDG rb; (zKhf hBGbfjfvD zbcv™i djYc htstb.) idvswsN dkdb dbu mcJ kfv (hf¦lfv) mcsJ dmdtsq slb! Ist kfv mcJ rsk jcvzfsbv specjcƒ zQw shv rq snecjc zQwƒ dIdvwXkfv sise iashw jsv pfq. nckvfQ jcvzfsbv ubA skfmvf skfmfslv mcJsj idhÛ jv.« (hfpXpfv, nkf}210bQ) dkdb hstb, ªdmnWqfj jsv skfmvf skfmfslv mcJsj idhÛ�jv. jfvB, mcJ rt jcvzfsbv iK.« (hfp}, dnn} 1213 bQ) rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `bhD � dmnWqfj jsv zfmfsj kf Lcsk dlskb. dj§Â�


28

sLfqfv zfso zfdm dmnWqfj jsv dbkfm. kfviv kf Lcsq k]fsj dlkfm.' (zflf}, dm} 384bQ) k]fv dbje dmnWqfsjv ˆk Èv¢k¶ dYt sp, dksvfLfsbv iChG mcrCskGW dkdb rpvk zfsqwfv l]fsk dydhsq bvm jsv dbsu l]fkb jsvsYb. (hc}, dm} 5959 bQ) dkdb zfvfj (diïc) ofsYv (Fft hf dwjsVv) l]fkb jvskb. (zf}, ƒo} 1/104) zfÌct�äfvf l]fk mfuf pfq. ksh�ˆef ncâk dj bf hf ˆskW ‰ nWqfh zuGb rsh dj bf, sn hAfifsv sjfb nrDr rflDn dmst bf. rfsIp ƒhsb rfufv (v}) kftJDsn (1/70) ˆ n©isjG jsqjde rflDn …sïJ jvfv iv hstb, `ˆÈdtv sysq mcnbfsl zfrmfsl zftD sKsj hdBGk rflDnde zdLjkv nrDr.' dj§Â�sn rflDndevW nbl pqDI. (mcnbfsl zfrmfl, kfrj¶Dj¶ zfrmfl wfsjv 1355 bQ)

bbffmmffppDDvv sstthhffnn zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªsr mfbh ufdk! skfmfslv tÏf²¿fb Tfjfv W shwHCNfv ubA zfdm skfmfslvsj sthfn dlsqdY. iv§Â�`kfjWqf'v sthfnƒ nshGf{jxó. (jc} 7/26) ªsr zflm n§ÀfboB! iaskAj bfmfspv nmq skfmvf nc¦lv idv¤Yl idvLfb jv. ifbfrfv jv, dj§Â�ziyq jsvf bf. dkdb zihAqDslv iY¦l jsvb bf.« (jc} 7/31) wvDqskv nHA-lxdósk nfLfvBHfsh sthfsnv jkjÈdt wkG W zflh vsqsY; pf iftb jvsk mcndtm hfLA.

mdrtfslv sthfsnv wkGfhtD dbm´v™i}- 1. sthfn spb slsrv nhGfÌsj sTsj vfsJ. slsrv sjfb zÌ�hf snZ¦lpG spb sjfb shofbf (pfv nfsK sjfbW nmsq dhhfr ShL ˆmb) icv¢sNv nfmsb iajfw bf ifq. sjb bf mrfbhD � hstb, ªsmsq mfbcsNv nhefƒ tÏf²¿fb (sofibDq). zfv sn pJb shv rq, kJb wqkfb kfsj icv¢sNv lxdósk idvswfdHkf jsv skfst.« (dk}, dm} 3109 bQ) mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªsr bhD! kcdm skfmfv ik´DoBsj, jbAfoBsj ˆhQ mcdmbslv ²ÃDoBsj hst lfW, kfvf spb kfslv yflsvv djqlQw dbsuslv (syrfvfv)�…iv sesb sbq---.« (jc} 33/59) rpvk …s©m nftfmfr (vf}) hstb, `…ÙÁ�zfqfk zhkDBG rst (mlDbfv) zfbnfvslv mdrtfvf pJb shv rt, kJb kfslv mfKfq (jfstf) yflv (hf smfef�…Vbf) slsJ msb rd¤Yt spb Wslv mfKfq jfstf jfsjv U]fj hsn zfsY!' (zflf} 4101 bQ) zfïfr kfzftfv zfslw, mcdmb smsqvf spb kfslv OfV W hcjsj mfKfv jfiV äfvf sTsj sbq---. (jc} 24/31) rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `iCshGv mcrfduv mdrtfslv iadk zfïfr vrm jsvb. …ÙÁ�zfqfk zhkDBG rst kfvf kfslv idvsLq jfiVnmCsrv msLA nhsysq smfef jfiVdesj


29

sIsV mfKfv�…Vbf hfdbsq mfKf (OfV-otf-hcj) sTsjdYt.' (zflf} 4102) nfrfhfslv mdrtfoB pJb isK ytskb, kJb k]fslv dbmfsÌv jfisVv swN iaf§À mfdev …iv sY]yXsV spk. bfifj ufqofsk ytfv nmsqW kfslv sj…ƒ ifsqv ifkf shv jvskb bf. (dm} 504, 512, 4335 bQ) nckvfQ mfKf W ifsqv mLAhkDG sjfb zÌ�sp iajfw jvfƒ pfsh bf, kf zbcsmq. 2. sp sthfn mdrtf idvLfb jvsh snefƒ spb (shofbf icv¢sNv nfmsb) snZ¦lpGmq W lxdó-zfjNGD bf rq. spsrkc mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªnfLfvBk} pf iajfw rsq Kfsj kf YfVf kfvf spb kfslv zbAfbA snZ¦lpG iajfw bf jsv.« (jc} 24/31) 3. sthfn spb ˆmb ifktf bf rq, pfsk jfisVv …iv sKsjW dHksvv yfmVf busv zfsn. bsy{ Tfjf KfjstW sJftfv ipGfqHcÙÁ. ˆ�hAfifsv�ˆj rflDsn zfïfrv vnCt � rpvk zfnmf (vf})sj nkjG jsvdYstb. (zflf}, dm} 4372 bQ) ˆjlf rfInf dhs§À zfècv vrmfb ifktf WVbf isv rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv dbje sost dkdb kfv …Vbfsj dY]sV sIst dlstb ˆhQ kfsj ˆjde smfef WVbf ivsk dlstb. (mf}, dm} 4375 bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªlcƒ swaBDv mfbcN slfpJhfnD; pfslvsj zfdm (ˆJsbf) sldJdb. ---(ˆslv msLA däkDq swaBDv mfbcN snƒ) mdrtflt, pfvf jfiV isvW …tÌ�Kfjsh, ziv icv¢Nsj dbsuv dlsj zfjxó�jvsh�ˆhQ dbsuW kfv dlsj zfjxó�rsh, pfslv mfKf (ycstv sJ]fif) drst Kfjf�…sev j]csuv mk rsh. kfvf shsrsñ�iashw jvsh bf. zfv kfv ncoáW ifsh bf; zKy kfv ncoá�ˆk�ˆk lCvhkGD�²¿fb sKsjW ifWqf pfsh.« (zf}, mc}, n}uf} 3799 bQ) 4. sifwfj spb ˆmb z]fe-n]fe (efƒeXdIe) bf rq, pfsk slsrv …]yc-dbyc hAÙÁ�rq. jfvB�ˆmb TfjfW sJftfv ipGfqHcÙÁ�ˆhQ lxdó-zfjNGD. 5. spb ncodák bf rq. mrfbhD � hstb,�ªsn¦eX dhtfhfv …sÜswA sjfb mdrtf pdl kf hAhrfv jsv icv¢Nslv nfmsb pfq, ksh sn shwAf smsq.« (zflf}, dk}, dm} 1065 bQ) sn¦eX hAhrfv jsv mdrtf mnduslW spsk ifsv bf. ˆjlf yfwXskv nmq zfhC ùvfƒvf mndul sKsj shv rstb. slJstb, ˆjde mdrtf mndul iashsw …lAk. kfv slr hf sthfn sKsj …{jxó� ncodáv nchfn�YVfd¤Yt. zfhC ùvfƒvf mdrtfdev …sÜsw htstb, `zftfƒdjnX nftfm.' mdrtfde nftfsmv …Ùv dlt. dkdb kfsj iaw jvstb, `sjfKfq pfsh kcdm?' sn htt, `mndusl.' htstb, `dj ubA ˆmb nc¦lv ncodá smsJY kcdm?' htt, `mnduslv ubA.' htstb, `zfïfrv jnm?' htt, `zfïfrv jnm.' icbvfq htstb, `zfïfrv jnm?' htt, `zfïfrv jnm.' kJb dkdb htstb, `ksh swfb, zfmfsj zfmfv diaqkm zfhct jfsnm � hstsYb sp, ªsnƒ mdrtfv sjfb bfmfp jhct rq bf, sp kfv öfmD YfVf zbA jfsvfv ubA ncodá hAhrfv jsv; pk[B bf sn bfifjDv sofnt jvfv mk sofnt jsv sbq.« zkˆh kcdm dIsv pfW, sofnt jsv


30

ncodá Lcsq sIt. kfviv dIsv ˆsn bfmfp isVf.' (zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}, hf}, dnn} 1031 bQ) 6. sthfn spb sjfb jfsIv mdrtfv zbcjxk bf rq. diaq bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�sp ufdkv nflxwA zhtìb (sthfsn-sifwfsj, yft-ytsb zbcjvB) jvsh sn kfslvƒ ltHcÙÁ.« (zflf}, dm} 4347 bQ) 7. kf spb icv¢Nslv sthfsnv zbcv™i bf rq. mrfbhD � snƒ bfvDslvsj zdHwfi dlsqsYb, pfvf icv¢Nslv shw LfvB jsv ˆhQ snƒ icv¢NslvsjW zdHwfi dlsqsYb, pfvf bfvDslv shw LfvB jsv.« (zflf} 4097, ƒmf} 1904 bQ) dkdb snƒ icv¢Nsj zdHwfi dlsqsYb, sp mdrtfv mk sthfn isv ˆhQ snƒ mdrtfsjW zdHwfi dlsqsYb, sp icv¢sNv mk sthfn isv. (zflf} 4098, ƒmf} 1903 bQ) 8. sthfn spb u]fjumjiCBG iadndÝubj bf rq. jfvB, dhvt Lvsbv sthfn ivst nfLfvBk} idvLfbjfvDv msb ohG nxdó�rq�ˆhQ lwGsjv lxdó�zfjNGB jsv. kfƒ mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�lcdbqfsk iadndÝubj sthfn ivsh, zfïfr kfsj djqfmsk tfÒbfv sthfn ivfshb.« (zf}, zflf}, ƒmf}, dm} 4346 bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ�u]fjumjiCBG sthfn ivsh, zfïfr kfsj djqfmsk zbcv™i sthfn idvsq kf zdolÊ�jvshb.« (zflf}, hf}, n}uf} 6526 bQ)

zfv icv¢Nslv sthfsnv wkGfhtD dbm´v™i}- 1. sthfn spb bfdH sKsj r]fec ipG§À zQw zhwAƒ zfhxk vfsJ. spsrkc ‰ecjc zÌ�icv¢sNv tÏf²¿fb. (n}uf} 5583 bQ) 2. ˆmb ifktf bf rq, pfsk dHksvv yfmVf busv zfsn. 3. ˆmb zf]e-nfe bf rq, pfsk slsrv …]yc-dbyc hAÙÁ�rq. 4. jfsIvslv sthfsnv zbcjxk bf rq. 5. mdrtfslv sthfsnv zbcv™i bf rq. 6. u]fjumjiCBG iadndÝubj bf rq. 7. ofP rtcl hf ufIvfbD vsMv spb bf rq. zfmXv dhb zfn hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � ˆjlf zfmfv ofsq lc'de ufIvfbD vsMv jfiV slsJ htstb, ªˆÈstf jfsIvslv jfiV. nckvfQ kcdm kf isvf bf.« (mc}, dm} 4327 bQ) 8. sthfn spb svwmD jfisVv bf rq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsnfbf W svwm zfmfv …©mskv mdrtfslv ubA rftft ˆhQ icv¢Nslv ubA rfvfm jvf rsqsY.« (dk}, bf}, dm} 4341 bQ) ªlcdbqfq svwm-h²Â�kfvfƒ ivsh, pfslv ivjfst sjfb zQw sbƒ.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 4320 bQ) rpvk …mfv hstb, vnCt � svwsmv jfiV ivsk dbsNL jsvsYb. ksh lcƒ, dkb zKhf yfv zfÌct idvmfB (zbA jfisVv nsÌ�ucsV) hAhrfv jvsk zbcmdk dlsqsYb. (mc}, dm} 4324 bQ) klbcv™i sjfb ymGsvfo iaHxdksk …ijfvD rst kf hAhrfsv zbcmdk zfsY. (hc}, mc}, dm} 4326 bQ)


31

9. idvdrk sthfn (ifqufmf, iAf¦eX, tcdÌ�،jfmDn iaHxdk) spb ifsqv o]fsev dbsy bf pfq. mrfbhD � hstb,�ªo]fsev dbsyv zQw tcdÌ�ufrfâfsm.« (hc}, dm} 4314 bQ) ªmc'dmsbv tcdÌ�ifsqv zsLGj vtf ipG§À. ˆƒ (zsLGj vtf) sKsj o]fe ipG§À zQswv sp sjfbW ufqofq rst [dk sbƒ. dj§Â�ˆv dbsyv zQw slfpsJ pfsh.« ˆv™i 3 hfv hst dkdb icbvfq htstb, ªzfv djqfmskv dlb zfïfr snƒ hAdÙÁv iadk kfdjsqW slJshb bf, sp zrQjfsvv nfsK dbsuv tcdÌ�(o]fsev dbsy) sY]yXsV dbsq shVfq.«(zflf},ƒmf},dm} 4331) zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv nhsysq shwD iY¦lbDq sthfn dYt jfmDn (Ict-rfkf iafq o]fsev …iv ipG§À tìf ufmf dhswN). (zflf}, dk}, dm} 4328 bQ) spmb dkdb syj-jfef yflv ivsk Hfstfhfnskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 4304 bQ) dkdb mfKfq hAhrfv jvskb ifoVD. (dk}, n}uf} 4676 bQ) dkdb jfstf vsMv ifoVDW h]fLskb. (zflf}, 4077, ƒmf} 3584 bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � W nfrfhf kKf ntIslv pcso eciDW iaydtk dYt. (hc}, Ihf} 1/587, 3/86, mc} 925, zflf} 691 bQ) spmb sn pcso swstfqfv hf ifqufmfW idvdyk dYt. mrfbhD � W ifqufmf Jdvl jsvdYstb. (ƒmf} 2220, 2221 bQ) dkdb ƒrvfm h]fLf zh²¿fq rfuDslvsj ifqufmf ivsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 2678 bQ) zhwA tcdÌ�bf ifWqf sost ifqufmf ivsk zbcmdk dlsqsYb. (‰ 2679 bQ) ƒhsb zfêfn pJb tcdÌ�ivskb, kJb tcdÌv nfmsbv dlsjv dbsyv zQw ifsqv ifkfv�…iv Ucdtsq dlskb�ˆhQ siYb dljef (o]fsev)�…isv kcst dbskb.�ˆv™i ivfv jfvB duÎfnf jvf rst dkdb htstb, `zfdm zfïfrv vnCt � sj ˆv™i ivsk slsJdY.' (zflf}, dm} 4370 bQ) k]fv dbje sifwfsjv nhsysq iY¦lbDq vM dYt nflf. dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf nflf jfiV idvLfb jv. jfvB nflf vsMv jfiV shwD idhÛ�Kfsj. zfv�‰�vsMv jfisVƒ skfmfslv mfƒsqAksj jfIbfW.« (zf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, dm} 4337 bQ) ˆ YfVf nhcu vsMv jfiVW dkdb hAhrfv jvskb. (zflf} 4065 bQ) ˆhQ tft vsMvW sthfn idvLfb jvskb. (zflf} 4072, ƒmf} 3599, 3600 bQ) mcrfsÜn zfthfbD rfsIpfùïfr hstb, `tft vsMv jfiV hAhrfv dbdNÝ�rWqfv hAfifsv sjfb rflDn nrDr bq.' (dmwjfskv eDjf 2/1247) sthfsn-sifwfsj nflf-dnsL Kfjf „mfsbv idvyfqj. (zflf}, dm} 4345 bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªnfmKGA Kfjf nsÙ¶W sp hAdÙÁ�dhbq nrjfsv snZ¦lpGmq jfiV ivf kAfo jvsh, zfïfr kfzftf kfsj djqfmsk nxdóv nfmsb sFsj�ˆJdkqfv slshb;�„mfsbv sthfsnv msLA kfv spef�ƒ¤Yf snefƒ ivsk ifvsh. (dk}, rf}, n}uf} 6145 bQ) ksh nc¦lv sthfn ivf sp dbdNÝ�kf bq. jfvB,�ªzfïfr nc¦lv. dkdb snZ¦lpG iY¦l jsvb. hf¦lfsj dkdb sp sbqfmk lfb jsvsYb kfv dyrÁ�(kfv slsr)�slJsk iY¦l


32

jsvb. zfv dkdb lfdvû W (stfjys[) ldvû nfufsj OxBf jsvb.« (hf}, n}uf} 1742 bQ) diaq vnCt � hstb, ªpfv z§Àsv zBc idvmfBW zrQjfv Kfjsh, sn ufâfk iashw jvsh bf.« htf rt, `stfsj skf yfq sp, kfv sifwfjef nc¦lv srfj, kfv ucskfef nc¦lv srfj. (kfrst snefW dj ‰ ipGfsq iVsh?)' dkdb htstb, ªzfïfr nc¦lv. dkdb snZ¦lpG iY¦l jsvb. zrQjfv skf `rj' (bAfq W nkA) iakAfJAfb jvf ˆhQ mfbcNsj OxBf jvfv bfm.« (mc}, n}uf} 7674 bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ª…Ùm zflwG,�…Ùm shwHCNf�ˆhQ dmkfyfdvkf bhcWskv 25 zQswv zbAkm zQw.« (zf}, zflf}, n}uf} 1993 bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � ˆj hAdÙÁv mfKfq zftcKftc yct slsJ htstb, ªˆv dj�ˆmb djYcW sbƒ, pfv äfvf mfKfv�ˆstfsmstf yctÈstfsj snfuf jsv (z]fyXsV) sbq?!«�zfv�ˆj hAdÙÁv ivsb mqtf jfiV slsJ htstb, ªˆv dj�ˆmb djYcW sbƒ, pfv äfvf mqtf jfiVsj idv°jfv jsv sbq?!« (zflf}, bf}, zf}, dm} 4351 bQ) zfhct zfrWqfn hstb, ˆjlf zfdm zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv dbje ˆtfm. zfmfv ivsb dYt sbrfkƒ dbm´mfsbv jfiV. dkdb kf slsJ zfmfsj htstb, ªskfmfv dj mft-Lb zfsY?« zfdm httfm, `uD r]Af.' htstb, ªsjfbX swaBDv mft zfsY?« zfdm httfm, `njt swaBDvƒ mft zfmfv dbje mucl. zfïfr zfmfsj …e, ov¢, Yfot, sH]Vf, sOfVf W ÛÁDklfn lfb jsvsYb.' dkdb htstb, ªzfïfr pJb skfmfsj ˆk mft lfb jsvsYb, kJb zfïfrv slWqf sbqfmk W zbcoar skfmfv shw-HCNfq iajfw ifWqf …dyk.« (zf}, bf}, dm} 4352 bQ) dkdb hstb, ªpf ƒ¤Yf kfƒ JfW ˆhQ spmb ƒ¤Yf skmdbƒ iv, ksh kfsk spb lc'de dudbn bf Kfsj; ziyq W zrQjfv.« (hc}, dm} 4380 bQ)

bfmfspv dHksv dhswN sthfn ˆjefƒ jfisV icv¢sNv bfmfp wcÝ,�ksh kfsk j]fL Tfjsk rsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 754-756 bQ) zfv sJqft vfJsk rsh, spb wvmofr iajfw bf sisq pfq. (‰ dm} 4315 bQ) kWqfsI jclCm (rÏ�W�…mvfq nhGiaKm kWqfI) YfVf zbA nmq�ƒrvfm zh²¿fq Ffb j]fL shv jsv vfJf dhsLq bq. htf hfùtA bfmfspv nmq …Hq j]fL Tfjf uv¢vD. ˆj hAdÙÁ�rpvk�…mfv sj�ˆj jfisV bfmfp iVfv hAfifsv duÎfnf jvf rst dkdb htstb, `zfïfr zfdLjA lfb jvst skfmvfW zdLj hAhrfv jv.' zKGf{ shwD jfiV Kfjst shwD hAhrfv jvfƒ …Ùm. (hc} 365 bQ) lvhfv zfïfrv. dkdb snZ¦lpG iY¦l jsvb. kfƒ bfmfpDv …dyk, pKfnfLA snZ¦lpG zhtìb jsv k]fv lvhfsv rfduv rWqf. mrfbhD � hstb,�ªskfmfslv sj… pJb bfmfp isV, kJb kfsj lc'de jfiV ivf …dyk. jfvB, zfïfr zdLjkm rjlfv sp,


33

k]fv ubA nfunÏf oarB jvf rsh.«�(n}uf} 652 bQ) i[f§Àsv bfmfspv ubA ˆmb bjXwflfv jfiV rWqf …dyk bq, pfsk bfmfpDv mb hf ˆjfoakf ycdv jsv sbq. ˆjlf mrfbhD � bjXwflfv sjfb jfisV bfmfp iVfv iv htstb, ªˆde sIv{ dlsq `zfìfufbD' (bjXwfdhrDb) jfiV dbsq�ˆn. jfvB,�ˆde zfmfsj zfmfv bfmfp sKsj�…lfn jsv sIstdYt.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 757 bQ) bfmfpDv bfmfspv ˆmb sthfn rWqf …dyk bq, pfsk sjfb (dhyvBwDt) iafBDv Ydh Kfsj. jfvB, ˆskW bfmfpDv msbfspfo dYdbsq sbq. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv js[v ˆj iafs§À ˆjde YdhpcÙÁ�vdMb ilGf efÌfsbf dYt.�ˆjlf mrfbhD � htstb,�ªskfmfv�ˆƒ ilGf zfmfslv dbje sKsj ndvsq bfW. jfvB, Wv YdhÈstf zfmfv bfmfsp dhO´ nxdó�jvsY.« (hc} 374 bQ) dkdb hstb, ªsp Osv jcjcv zKhf Ydh (hf mCdkG) Kfsj, sn Osv dIdvñf iashw jsvb bf.« (ƒmf}, zf}, dk}, ƒdr}, n}uf} 1961, 1963 bQ) zkˆh bfmfspv hfƒsvW ˆ Lvsbv YdhpcÙÁ�sthfn mcndtsmv ubA ShL bq. jfvB,�ƒntfm Ydh W mCdkGv sOfv dhsvfLD. sp jfisV zmcndtmslv sjfb LmGDq iakDj (spmb ÛÁcw, w£J iaHxdk) Kfsj, sn jfiV (W ztËfv) hAhrfv ShL bq. mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `bhD � hfdVsk sjfb dudbsn ÛcÁw slJstƒ kf sjse sItskb.' (zf}, zflf} 4151 bQ) ucskf idhÛ�rst, kf ifsq svsJƒ bfmfp iVf ShL. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf ƒqfùlDslv dhivDk jv. (ˆhQ ucskf W smfuf ifsq bfmfp iV.) jfvB, Wvf Wslv ucskf W smfuf ifsq svsJ bfmfp isV bf.« (zflf}, dm} 765bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � dbsNL jsvsYb, spb sj… hfm rfsk bf Jfq, sj… spb ˆj ifsq ucskf svsJ bf yst, sj… spb ˆmbHfsh ˆjde mfÛ�jfiV�äfvf dbsusj udVsq bf sbq, pfsk kfv rfk shv jvfv iK Kfsj bf�ˆhQ sj… spb ˆjefƒ jfiV isv, ifYfv …iv Hv jsv, ifsqv vtf W rf]ec lc'desj JfVf jsv sise tfdosq, rfk lc'desj ifsq udVsq, tÏf²¿fb Jcst bf hsn. (mc}, dm} 4315 bQ) tcdÌv dHksv djYc bf isv Kfjst�ˆhQ zbcv™i hnstW tÏf²¿fb iajfw ifWqfv Hq Kfsj. spmb mdrtfslv wfdV-nfqfskW�‰�ˆjƒ zh²¿f rsk ifsv. zkˆh ‰ nh jfisV ‰v™i hnf ShL bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�bfmfsp kfv tcdÌsj zrQjfsvv nfsK�o]fsev dbsy Ucdtsq vfsJ, kfv�ˆ�jfu rftft bq�ˆhQ zfïfrv dbje kfv sjfb n©mfb sbƒ.« (zflf}, n}uf} 6012 bQ) iajfw sp, o]fsev dbsy jfiV Ucdtsq bfmfp iVst bfmfp jhct rq bf -ˆ hAfifsv hdBGk rflDnde nrDr bq. (p}zflf} 124, 884 bQ) bfifjDv ns¦lr bf Kfjst iasqfusb mdrtfslv wft, yflv, hf wfdV ofsq dlsq icv¢Nvf


34

bfmfp iVsk ifsv. iasqfusb ˆjƒ jfisVv zsLGjef (‡kcmkD rstW) ²ÃDv ofsq�ˆhQ icv¢N kfv zsLGjef ofsq dlsq bfmfp iVsk ifsv. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � vfsÛ�bfmfp iVskb. zfdm mfdnj zh²¿fq k]fv ifsw Kfjkfm. zfv zfmfv�ˆjde jfiV zfmfv ofsq�ˆhQ djYc k]fv ofsq Kfjk.' (zflf} 370 bQ) sp jfiV isv Kfjf zh²¿fq smsqslv mfdnj rq, snƒ jfisV mfdnj stso Kfjfv ns¦lr bf Kfjst idhÛkfv sofnstv iv bf LcsqW�‰�jfisVƒ kfslv bfmfp iVf ShL. mfdnj tfostW sp ²¿fsb stsosY sjht snƒ ²¿fb Lcsq Jcsbv lfo bf sostW kfskƒ bfmfp iVf ShL W wcÝ�rsh. (zflf} 365bQ) sjht lcL ifb jsv ˆmb dwwcicÛ�pdl jfisV siwfh jsv slq, kfrst kfv�…iv ifdbv dYef smsv�ˆhQ bf Lcsq kfskƒ bfmfp rsq pfsh. i[f§Àsv pdl dwwcjbAfv siwfh rq zKhf lcL YfVf zbA JfhfvW Jfq ˆmb dwwc rq, kfrst kfv siwfh jfiV sKsj Lcsq sItsk rsh. bsy{ bfmfp rsh bf. (hc}, mc}, dm} 497, 502, zflf} 377-379 bQ) jfisVv siwfh svfsl wcdjsq sostW kfsk bfmfp rq bf. jfiV sKsj siwfh ifdb dlsq sLfqf uv¢vD. (Iƒ} 1/198) sp jfiV isv öfmD-²ÃDv dmtb rq snƒ jfisVW bfmfp wcÝ.�zhwA bfifjD tfost hf tfofv ns¦lr rst bq. (zflf} 366bQ) efƒe-dIeX iAf¦e W wfeG ˆhQ yc²ÀX ifqufmf W Jfsef ifÓfhD isv bfmfp mjv™r. efƒe rWqfv jfvsB bfmfsp ˆjfoakf HÌ�rq. kfYfVf jfisVv�…iv sKsj (dhswN jsv diYb sKsj) wvmofsrv�…]yc-bDyc zQw W zfjfv shfUf pfq. (mh} 15/75) mdrtfslv sthfsn yct, sie, diE, rfskv jdçv …idv Hfsov zÌ�(jbcƒ, hfù iaHxdk) shv rsq Kfjst bfmfp rq bf. sjht syrfvf W jdç ipG§À rfk shv rsq Kfjsh. ifsqv ifkfW sTsj sbWqf jkGhA. (mh} 16/138, Iƒ} 1/288, djlf} 94ix}) zhwA nfmsb sjfb shofbf icv¢N Kfjst syrfvfW sTsj dbsk rsh. Ov zájfv rstW hf�ˆjf KfjstW bfmfp iVsk iVsk Tfjf Ivp�ˆmb sjfb zÌ�iajfw sisq sost bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfsh. snƒ bfmfp icbvfq dIdvsq iVsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/285) diaq bhD � hstb, ªsjfb nfhfdtjf smsqv mfKfq yflv YfVf kfv bfmfp jhct rq bf.« (zflf}, dk}, dm} 762bQ) icv¢sNv slsrv †L¶GfQswv jfiV (yflv hf ofmYf) nQjDBG rst mfKf Tfjsk dosq spb sie-diE hfdrv bf rsq pfq. iajfw sp, bfmfsp icv¢sNv ubA mfKf Tfjf uv¢vD bq. snZ¦lspGv ubA eciD, ifoVD hf mfKfv v¢mft mfKfq hAhrfv jvf …Ùm. zfv�ˆ�jKf dhdlk sp, zfïfrv bhD � W k]fv nfrfhfoB jJsbf jJsbf ˆj jfisVW bfmfp isVsYb. kfYfVf jkj ntI nckvfv ubA djYc bf sist mfKfv eciD Jcst nfmsb svsJ


35

nckvf hfbfskb. (zflf} 691bQ) iajfw sp, idvwam W smrbskv jfsuv OmGdnÙÁ, jflf hf LcstfmfJf lcoGámq sthfsn mrfb hflwf zfïfrv lvhfv mndusl zfnf …dyk bq. jfvB, kfsk zfïfrv …id²¿k dIdvñf kKf mcnïDoB jó ifshb. zfv ˆƒ ubAƒ skf j]fyf di]qfu-vncb sJsq mndusl zfnsk dbsNL jvf rsqsY.

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Ivp bfmfp wcÝ�rWqfv ubA�ˆj wkG rt, kf pKf nmsq zflfq jvf. dbdlGó�nmq YfVf dHâ nmsq bfmfp rq bf. ˆ iansÌ�mrfb zfïfr hstb,

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zKGf{, dbLGfdvk nmsq pKfpKHfsh bfmfp iVf mc'dmbslv jkGhA. (jc} 4/103) jcvzfb mfuDsl jdkiq zfqfsk bfmfspv 5de zsÙÁv iadk�ƒdÌk jvf rsqsY; spmb zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªzfv bfmfp jfsqm jv dlsbv lc' iaf§ÀHfso (zKGf{ Iuv W mfosvshv nmq) W vfskv iaKmfQsw (zKGf{ ˆwfv nmq). (jc} 11/114) ªnCpG Tst pfWqfv iv rsk vfskv Ob zájfv ipG§À (zKGf{ spfrv, zfnv, mfosvh W ˆwfv) bfmfp jfsqm jv, zfv jfsqm jv Iusvv bfmfp.« (jc} 17/78) ªzfv nCspGflsqv iCshG (Iusv) W nCpGfs²Àv iCshG (zfnsv) skfmfv iadkiftsjv niawQn idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv�ˆhQ idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv vfdÛv djYc nmsq�(ˆwfq)�ˆhQ dlsbv iaf§ÀHfoÈdtsk (Iuv, spfrv W mfosvsh), pfsk kcdm n§Âó�rsk ifv.« (jc} 20/130) i]fy zÙÁsj dbdlGó�jvsk zfïfrv kvI rsk öqQ duhvDt (zf}) ˆsn ƒmfm rsq vnCt �sj nsÌ�dbsq bfmfp isVb. bhD � hstb,�ªjf'hfoxsrv dbje duhvDt (zf}) zfmfv lc'hfv ƒmfmdk jsvb; iaKmhfsv dkdb zfmfsj dbsq spfrsvv bfmfp kJb iVstb, pJb nCpG Tst dosq kfv Yfqf ucskfv dIskv mk (nfmfbA) rsqdYt. zk}iv dkdb zfmfsj dbsq zfnsvv bfmfp iVstb pJb iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rsqdYt. zk}iv zfmfsj dbsq mfosvshv bfmfp iVstb kJb, pJb svfpflfv ƒIkfv jsv sIstdYt. (zKGf{ nCpGfs²Àv nfsK nfsK.) zk}iv ˆwfv bfmfp kJb iVstb, pJb (nCpGfs²Àv iv idÇym zfjfswv z²Àvfo) tft zfHf zlxwA rsq dosqdYt. zfv zfmfsj dbsq Iusvv bfmfp kJb iVstb, pJb svfpflfsvv ubA ifbfrfv rfvfm rsq dosqdYt. däkDq dlsb dkdb zfmfsj dbsq spfrsvv bfmfp kJb iVstb pJb iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rsqdYt. zfnsvv bfmfsp zfmfv�ƒmfmdk kJb jvstb, pJb iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf kfv däÈB rsqdYt. zk}iv zfmfsj dbsq mfosvshv bfmfp kJb iVstb,


36

pJb svfpflfv ƒIkfv jsv sIstdYt. zk}iv vfskv ˆj kxkDqfQw ok rst dkdb ˆwfv bfmfp iVstb. zfv zfmfsj dbsq Iusvv bfmfp kJb iVstb, pJb (sHfv) InGf rsq dosqdYt. zk}iv dkdb zfmfv iadk t[A jsv htstb, `sr mcrf©mfl! ˆ rt zfibfv iCshG njt bhDosBv zÙÁ.�zfv�ˆƒ lcƒ zsÙÁv mLAhkGD zÙÁƒ rt bfmfspv zÙÁ.' (zflf}, dk}, dm} 583bQ) swN zsÙÁ�bfmfp pdlW wcÝ, khcW iaKm (zfWqft) zsÙÁ�bfmfp iVf rt swaô zfmt. zfïfrv vnCt � sj duÎfnf jvf rt, `sjfb zfmt nhGswaô?' …Ùsv dkdb htstb,�ªzfWqft zsÙÁ�bfmfp iVf.« (n}zflf} 452, n}dk} 144, dm} 607bQ) rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � swN uDhb ipG§À däkDq hfv jJsbf swN zsÙÁ�bfmfp isVb db.' (n}dk} 146, dm} 608bQ)

IIIuuusssvvvvvv nnnmmmqqq nchsr nfslj …dlk rst Iusvv bfmfspv nmq wcv¢ rq ˆhQ svfpflfsvv ubA ifbfrfv rfvfm rsq pfq. (nchsr nfslj htf rq snƒ nmqsj, sp nmsq sHfsvv zfHf iChG zfjfsw …Ùv-ld[sB dh²ÀDBG zh²¿fq slJf pfq.) zfv�ˆv swN nmq rt nCspGflsqv iChG ipG§À. ksh ˆƒ bfmfp iaKm zsÙÁ�`oftfsn'�(ˆjec zájfsv jfjsHfsv) iVf�…Ùm. mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � Iusvv bfmfp iVskb. zk}iv mdrtfvf kfslv yflv udVsqƒ dbu dbu hfnfq dIsv spk. dj§Â�zájfsvv ubA kfslvsj sybf spk bf.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 598bQ) zfhC mCnf hstb, `ˆjlf zfïfrv vnCt � kJb Iusvv bfmfp iVstb, pJb sj… kfv ifw¶hkGD nÌDv syrfvf dybsk ifvk bf zKhf kfv ifsw sj vsqsY kf ufbsk ifvk bf.' (zflf} 395, 398bQ) zfhC mfn†l zfbnfvD hstb, dkdb (bhD �) ˆjhfv Iusvv bfmfp zájfsv (Jch sHfsv) iVstb. zk}iv däkDq hfv InGf jsv iVstb. ˆviv k]fv Iusvv bfmfp zájfsvƒ rk. zfv ƒs§Àjft zhdL sjfb dlb icbhGfv (Iusvv bfmfp) InGf jsv isVb db.' (zflf} 394bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªskfmvf Iusvv bfmfp InGf jsv iV. jfvB, kfsk nWqfh zdLj.« (zflf}, dk}, bf}, dm} 614bQ) ˆƒ rflDsnv hAfJAf ˆƒ sp, `Iuv ±ióv™si iajfw rsk lfW, dbdÇykv™si Iuv …dlk rWqfv jKf bf susb bfmfspv ubA kfVfùVf jsvf bf.' zKhf `skfmvf Iusvv bfmfp tìf dj¶vfzfk Lsv InGf jsv iV. ˆsk zdLj nWqfh tfH rsh.' zfv ˆ jKf dhdlk sp, mrfbhD � dbsu ˆƒ bfmfsp (jJsbf jJsbf) 60 sKsj 100 zfqfk ipG§À


37

ifE jvskb ˆhQ pJb bfmfp swN jvskb, kJb iaskAsj kfv ifswv nfKDsj dybsk ifvk. (hc} 599bQ) zKhf `y]flbD vfsk ˆjec InGf rsk lfW. pfsk Iuv rWqf ±ió�W dbdÇykv™si hcUf pfq.' (mcm} 2/114-115) spsrkc k]fv zfmt mxkcA ipG§À Iusvv bfmfp InGf jsv dYt bf, hvQ ˆ bfmfp ˆjec zájfv Kfjskƒ wcv¢ jvskb, snsrkc …ÙÁ�rflDsnv�ˆƒ nh hAfJAf dbÇyqƒ pcdÙÁpcÙÁ.

ssspppfffrrrsssvvvvvv nnnmmmqqq nCpG idÇym zfjfswv dlsj Tst sostƒ spfrsvv zfWqft zÙÁ�wcv¢ rq. zfv iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rst kfv nmq swN rsq pfq. nCpG mLAsvJfq Kfjst sjfb sJftf ufqofq ˆjde nvt jfdE hf wtfjf snfufHfsh ofVst pJb kfv Yfqf kfv slsr dbdÇyrÁ�rWqfv iv iChG dlsj isV tìf rsk tfosh, kJbƒ rsh spfrsvv nmq. ˆƒHfsh kfv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rst spfrsvv nmq swN rsq pfsh. zbAKf nCpG mLAsvJfq bf Kfjst, sjfb softfsLG Kfjfv Ist sp zdkdvÙÁ�Yfqf isV, kf hfl dlsq mfisk rsh. jfdEv Yfqf jmsk jmsk dEj mLAfrÁjfst zfhfv hfVsk wcv¢ rsh. ‰ hfVf zQwde mfist spfrv-zfnsvv nmq dbBGq jvf pfsh. iaskAj bfmfp kfv iaKm zsÙÁ�iVfƒ rt …Ùm. dj§Â�oaD®mjfst jdEb ovsmv dlsb spfrsvv bfmfp ˆjec Efàf hf slvD jsv iVf zfIpt. zfhC pfvG hstb, ˆjlf zfmvf bhD � ˆv nfsK ˆj nIsv dYtfm. spfrsvv nmq rst mczfpXdpb zfpfb dlsk yfƒt. bhD � htstb, ªEfàf jv.« ˆƒv™i dkdb lcƒ zKhf dkb hfv htstb. kJb zfmvf slJtfm sp, sYfe sYfe ifrfVÈstfv Yfqf sbsm�ˆsnsY. icbvfq bhD � htstb�،ªoaDs®mv ˆƒ iaJv …Ùfi slfpsJv zQw. zkˆh ovm jdEb rst bfmfp Efàf (slvD) jsv iV.« (hc} 539bQ, mc}, zflf}, dk}) oaD®mjfst dbsuv Yfqf 3 sKsj 5 jlm rst ˆhQ wDkjfst 5 sKsj 7 jlm rst spfrsvv nmq dbBGq jvf pfq. (zflf}, bf}, dm} 586bQ) zhwA njt slswƒ ˆ mfi ndEj rsh bf.

zzzfffnnnsssvvvvvv nnnmmmqqq pJb iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rsq pfq, kJb zfnsvv nmq wcv¢ rq. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 583bQ) swN rq dEj nCpGfs²Àv iChGmcrCskG. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�nCpG sFfhfv iCshG zfnsvv�ˆj vfjzfk sisq sbq, sn zfnv sisq sbq.« (hc}, mc}) zfnsvv zfWqft zsÙÁƒ bfmfp iVf mrfbhD � ˆv zfmt dYt. zfbfn hstb,


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`nCpG pJb zfjfswv …¤ykfq ialDå�Kfjk, kJb zfïfrv vnCt � zfnsvv bfmfp iVskb. k]fv nfsK bfmfp isV zsbsj mlDbfv ifw¶GhkGD h²ÀDsk (sjfb jfsu hf dbsuv hfdV dIsv) spk, zfv pJb snJfsb si]ZYk kJbW nCpG (zsi[fjxk) …¤ykfq Kfjk. iv§Â�sjfb sjfb h²ÀD mlDbf sKsj iafq 4 mDt (16 rfufv rfk, iafq 7 djdm) lCsv zhd²¿k dYt.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 592bQ) vfsI' dhb JflDu hstb, `zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv nfsK zfnsvv bfmfp iVkfm. zk}iv …e brv (pshr) jvf rk, kfviv kfv sofñX lw Hfo jvf rk. snƒ sofñX nCpG sFfhfv iCshGƒ vfâf jsv sJsk sikfm.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 615bQ) dhbf Wusv zfnsvv bfmfp swN nmsq slvD jsv iVf mjv™r. mrfbhD � hstb, ªˆef skf mcbfdIsjv bfmfp; sp nCspGv zsi[f jsv pJb kf rtsl rsq wqkfsbv lcƒ dwsMv mfsU zfsn, kJb sn …sE (jfsjv hf mcvoDv lfbf JfWqfv mk) yfv vfjzfk EjfEj isV sbq. pfsk sn zfïfrv dpjXv jmƒ jsv Kfsj.« (mc}, zf}, zflf}, dk}, bf}, dm} 593bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfnsvv bfmfp kAfo jsv sn hAdÙÁv zfmt ià rsq pfq.« (hcJfvD 553, bfnf„) zbA ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁv zfnsvv bfmfp Ycse sot, kfv spb idvhfv W Lb-mft tcØb rsq sot.« (mfstj, hcJfvD 552, mcndtm 626 bQ iamcJ)

mmmfffooosssvvvssshhhvvv nnnmmmqqq nCpG z²À sostƒ mfosvshv nmq rq ˆhQ idÇymfjfsw tft zfHf (z²Àvfo) sjse sostƒ ˆv nmq swN rsq pfq. (mc}) mfosvshv bfmfpW zfWqft zsÙÁ�iVf zfIpt�ˆhQ dhbf Wusv slvD jsv iVf mjv™r. sjbbf, duhvDt (zf}) mrfbhD � ˆv ƒmfmdk jfst 2 dlbƒ ˆjƒ nmsq zfWqft zsÙÁ�bfmfp idVsqdYstb- spmb iCshGjfv rflDn rsk zfmvf ufbsk sisvdY. kfYfVf vfsI' dhb JflDu hstb, `zfmvf bhD��ˆv nfsK mfosvshv bfmfp iVkfm. zk}iv bfmfp snsv pdl zfmfslv sj… kDv mfvk, kfrst sn kfv kDv iVfv ²¿fbde slJsk sik.' (zKGf{, shwD zájfv rk bf.) (hc}, mc}, dm} 596bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfmfv …©mskv stfsjvf kk[B ipG§À ƒntfmD dIkvfk (iajxdkv) …iv Kfjsh, pk[B kfvf kfvjfvfdu (zfjfsw) iajfw rWqfv iCshGƒ mfosvshv bfmfp isV sbsh.« (zf}, k¶fh}, zflf}, rf}, dm} 609bQ)

ˆwwwfffvvv nnnmmmqqq nCpGfs²Àv iv idÇym zfjfw rsk tft zfHf sjse sost�ˆwfv nmq�…id²¿k rq. bc'mfb dhb hfwDv��ˆv hBGbf zbcpfqD (y]fslv mfsnv) kxkDq vfsk y]fl Fcsh sost�


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ˆwfv nmq rq. (zflf}, lf}, dm} 613bQ) nCpG sFfhfv iv sKsj OdV Lsv slV O¦ef zdkhfdrk rst ˆƒ zÙÁ�zfsn. zfv ˆv swN nmq zsLGj vfk ipG§À zhdwó�Kfsj. zhwA sjfb Wpv W hfLfv Ist Iusvv zfso ipG§À ˆwfv bfmfp isV dbst zflfq rsq pfq. spsrkc mrfbhD � hstb, ªsj… Ocdmsq pfWqfv Ist bfmfp bf iVst kf SwdKtA hst oBA rsh bf. zhwA ufoakfh²¿fq pdl sj… bfmfp bf isV ˆhQ zbA bfmfspv nmq …id²¿k rsq pfq, ksh kfv SwdKtAƒ LkGhA.« (mc} 681bQ) …ÙÁ�rflDn�äfvf iamfdBk rq sp, zfofmD bfmfspv nmq�ˆsn�…id²¿k bf rWqf ipG§À hkGmfb bfmfspv nmq zhdwó�Kfsj. zhwA Iusvv bfmfspv nmq wvDqk jkGxj dbLGfdvk. nCpG�…lsqv nfsK nfsKƒ kf swN rsq pfq. spfrv ipG§À zhdwó�Kfsj bf. (dInc} …lcG 75ix}) zfWqft zsÙÁ�bfmfp zfIpt rstW�ˆj kxkDqfQw hf mLAvfsk (swN zsÙÁ)�ˆwfv bfmfp iVf zfIpt. mrfbhD � hstb,�ªzfmfv�…©mskv ubA jónfLA bf ufbst zfdm�ˆwfv bfmfpsj�ˆj kxkDqfQw zKhf zLGvfk ipG§À slvD jsv iVsk kfslvsj zfslw dlkfm.« (zf}, dk}, ƒmf}, dm} 611bQ) diaq vnCt � ˆwfv bfmfpsj ˆj kxkDqfQw vfdÛ�ipG§À slvD jsv iVsk iY¦l jvskb ˆhQ ˆwfv iCshG Ocmfsbf W isv jKfhfkGf htfsj ziY¦l jvskb. (hc} 599, mc}, iamcJ) pfsk ˆwf, kfrfÏcl, dhkv W Iusvv bfmfp pKf nmsq iVf nru rq. ksh äDb zKhf uv¢vD dhNsq jKfhfkGf htf W ƒtXm yyGf jvf lCNbDq bq. spmb zfïfrv vnCt � zfhC hjv W …mfsvv nfsK ˆwfv iv ubnfLfvsBv Hfstf-m¦l dbsq jKfhfkGf htskb. (zf}, dk} 169bQ)

bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv nnnmmmqqq dddbbbdddlllGG GóóóDDDjjjvvvsssBBBvvv iiiÇÇÇyyyfffssskkk dddrrrjjjmmmkkk mrfb zfïfr mfbcN nxdó�jsvsYb�ˆhQ kfsj�ˆmb iajxdk W iahxdÙ�lfb jsvsYb, pfsk v¢pD zbcnáfsbv mfLAsm kfsj uDhbLfvB jvsk rsh. zfv kfv ubA iasqfub idvwasmv. idvwam slr-msb j¾fd§À, hA²Àkf W SwdKtA zfsb. Ist idvwasm dYâ rq zfïfr W hf¦lfv mfsU dhswN spfonCÛ.�kfƒ skf pKfnmsq snƒ spfonCÛ�-ˆjefbf bq hvQ mfsU mfsU jfsqm jsv hf¦lfsj zfïfr-mcsJf jsv vfJfv …sÜswA bfmfspv zsÙÁv�ˆƒ dhswN nmqfhtD dbdlGó�jvf rsqsY. i[f§Àsv idvwam W …ifuGsbv ubAW …lAm uv¢vD. dhswN jsv Iusvv nmsq ˆmb djYc zbcwDtsbv lvjfv, pfv mfsU dbûfv uVkf W zftnA sjse dosq msb ±ICdkG dIsv zfsn ˆhQ pfv Ist ˆƒ hjGskv nmsq mfbcN dbu dbu jfsu msbfspfoD rsk ifsv. kfƒ skf Iusvv bfmfspv mfLAsm hf¦lf kfv dbûf zh²¿fq dbvfiÙf tfsHv�…iv zfïfrv wcjdvqf Îfib jsv�ˆhQ zfïfrv dbje kWIDj W nfrfpA jfmbfv mLA dlsq


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wcv¢ jsv kfv iafkAdrj jmGuDhb. idvwam W hA²Àkfv mfsU dEj dlb lcicsv mfbcN idvwaf§À rsq isV ˆjec dhvdkv nfsK dhwafm dbsq Kfsj. ˆƒ dhwafsmv nmq sn kfv dbu jsmGv …iv kWIDj tfsHv wcjdvqf Îfib jsv zfïfrv dbje. zk}iv zfnsvv nmq …id²¿k rst icbvfq hf¦lf kfv hfjD dlsbv jmG n©iâ jvfv mfbsn zfïfrv nfrfpA jfmbf jsv. mfosvshv nmq rst hf¦lf dbu oxsr dIsv jmG n©iflb jvfv jxkÎkf�ÎfibiChGj mfosvshv bfmfp isV. zk}iv nmq zfsn dhwafm W zfvfsmv. ˆƒ nmq hf¦lf iafkAdrj jmG snsv nfvf dlsb zfïfrv kvI sKsj zhkDBG zbcoasrv …iv wcjXv ufdbsq ˆwfv bfmfp isV. zfv ˆƒHfsh sn iakAr jmG W ƒhflskv mLA dlsq dbsuv jft pfib jsv Kfsj. sjfb nmq zfk¹dhn¹xk rsq ifsiv iadk Tst iVst bfmfp kfsj hfLf slq. zfïfrv zfpfh HDNB jdEb ˆhQ k]fv zbcoar zb§À-znDm -ˆ jKf iakAr i]fi-i]fy hfv hf¦lfsj n¹vB jdvsq slWqf rq. (mfnfƒ} 91-92ix})

sssppp sssppp nnnmmmsssqqq bbbfffmmmfffppp dddbbbdddNNNÝÝÝ dlhfvfsÛ�i]fyde nmsq bfmfp iVf dbdNÝ;�mrfbhD � hstb, (1) ªzfnsvv bfmfspv iv nCpG bf sFfhf ipG§À zfv sjfb bfmfp sbƒ ˆhQ (2) Iusvv bfmfspv iv nCpG bf WEf ipG§À zfv sjfb bfmfp sbƒ.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1041 bQ) …j¶hf dhb zfsmv hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfslvsj dkb nmsq bfmfp iVsk ˆhQ mclGf lfIb jvsk dbsNL jvskb; (3) dEj nCpG …lq rWqfv iv sKsj ˆjec …]yc bf rWqf ipG§À, (4) nCpG dEj mfKfv …iv zfnfv iv sKsj ˆjec Tst bf pfWqf ipG§À ˆhQ (5) nCpG sFfhfv jfYfjfdY rWqf sKsj Fcsh bf pfWqf ipG§À. (mc}, zf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}, dm} 1040 bQ) spsrkc ˆƒ nmqÈdtsk nfLfvBk} jfsIvvf nCspGv iCuf jsv Kfsj kfƒ. (mc}, dm} 1042 bQ) bfmfp dbdNÝ�rWqfv hAfifsv�ˆde rt nfLfvB dbslGw. dj§Â�zbAfbA rflDn�äfvf djYc nmsq djYc bfmfpsj hAdkÛÁm jvf rsqsY. spmb}- 1111.... Ivp bfmfp hfjD Kfjst kf zflfq jvfv ncspfo rWqf mfÛ�sp sjfb nmsq nk¶v isV sbWqf uv¢vD. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�nCpG sFfhfv iCshG zfnsvv�ˆhQ nCpG WEfv iCshG Iusvv�ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp sisq pfq, sn (pKfnmsq) bfmfp sisq pfq.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 601bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�nCpG sFfhfv iCshG zfnsvv�ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp ifq, sn spb (nCpG Fcsh sostW) kfv hfjD vfjzfk bfmfp n©iâ jsv sbq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ�nCpG WEfv iCshG Iusvv�ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp ifq, sn spb (nCpG�…sE sostW) kfv hfjD vfjzfk bfmfp n©iâ jsv sbq.« (hc}, dm} 602bQ)


41

2222.... zbcv™i sjfb Ivp bfmfp iVsk Hcst dosq Kfjst kf n¹vB rWqf mfÛ�nk¶v sp sjfb nmsq zKhf Ocdmsq dosq Kfjst ufofv iv …sE nk¶v sp sjfb nmsq zflfq jvf uv¢vD. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsj… Ocdmsq sost kf kfv SwdKtA bq. SwdKtA skf ufoak zh²¿fskƒ rsq Kfsj. nckvfQ pJb sj… sjfb bfmfp iVsk Hcst pfsh zKhf Ocdmsq pfsh, kJb kfv …dyk, kf n¹vB (hf ufoak) rWqf mfÛ�isV sbWqf. jfvB, zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªzfmfsj n¹vB jvfv …sÜswA kcdm bfmfp jfsqm jv.« (mc}, dm} 604bQ, jc} 20/14) 3333.... dlb-lcicsv mndusl ucmzfr iVsk ˆsn ƒ¤Yfmk bIt bfmfp iVf dhsLq. ˆ bfmfpW dbsNsLv zfWkfHcÙÁ�bq. (dm} 1046bQ) 4444.... Iusvv Ivp bfmfspv iCshG lc' vfjzfk ncâk iVsk nmq bf sist Ivspv iv kf iVf pfq. zfïfrv vnCt � ˆjlf ˆj hAdÙÁsj slJstb Iusvv Ivp bfmfspv iv lc' vfjXzfk bfmfp iVt. dkdb kfsj htstb, ªIusvv bfmfp skf lc' vfjzfk mfÛ!«�stfjde htt, `zfdm Ivspv iCshG lc' vfjzfk iVsk ifƒ db, ˆJb snef isV dbtfm.' ˆ jKf wcsb dkdb bDvh Kfjstb. (zKGf{, smZbn©mdk ufbfstb.) (zflf}, dk}, dm} 1044) 5555.... jfvB-nfsi[ pfhkDq bfmfp pKfKG jfvB …id²¿k rWqf mfÛ�sp sjfb nmsqƒ iVf pfq. spmb }- jjjj---- jf'hf wvDsIv kWqfsIv iv lc' vfjzfk bfmfp. kWqfI swN rWqfv isvƒ sp sjfb nmsq ‰ bfmfp iVf pfq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsr zfsè mfbfsIv hQwLv! dlhfvfsÛv sp sjfb nmsq sj… ˆ oxsrv kWqfI jsv bfmfp iVst kfsj skfmvf hfLf dlW bf.« (zflf}, dk}, bf}, dm} 1045 bQ) JJJJ---- kfdrqAfkct mfndul (mndul-sntfmD) lc' vfjzfk bfmfp. sp sjfbW nmsq mndul iashw jsv hnfv ƒ¤Yf jvst hnfv iCshG ˆƒ bfmfp iVsk rq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… mndul iashw jvst sn spb lc' vfjzfk bfmfp iVfv iCshG bf hsn.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 704bQ) oooo---- nCpG hf y¦û oarsBv bfmfp. mrfbhD � hstb, ªnCpG W y¦û zfïfrv dblwGbnmCsrv zbAkm. jfsvf u¦m hf mxkcAv jfvsB kfsk oarB tfso bf. nckvfQ oarB tfof slJst skfmvf zfïfrv dbje lczf jv, kjhDv iV, bfmfp iV ˆhQ nljfr jv.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1483 bQ) OOOO---- ufbfpfv bfmfp. zfnv W Iuv bfmfspv ivW ufbfpfv bfmfp iVf pfsh. zhwA swsNfÙÁ�dkb nmsq�ˆƒ bfmfp ShL bq. spmb iCshGfÙÁ�rflDsn�ˆ�jKf hdBGk rsqsY. (zfuf} 130-131ix}) nckvfQ nfLfvB bIt bfmfp …ÙÁ�nmqÈdtsk dbdNÝ.�ksh zfnsvv iv nCpG rtclhBG bf rWqf ipG§À dbdNÝ�bq. (dnn} 2549 bQ)

zzzÙÙÙÁÁÁ---dddhhhNNNqqqjjj zzzfffsssvvvfff dddjjjYYYcc c mmmfffnnnfffsssqqqttt


42

1. sp hAdÙÁ�zÙÁ�swN rWqfv iCshG ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp sisq sbsh sn zÙÁ�sisq pfsh. zKGf{, kfv bfmfp pKf nmsq zflfq rsqsY ˆhQ jfpf rq db hst oBA rsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 601bQ) dhLfq sp hAdÙÁ�ˆj�vfjzfskv sysq jm bfmfp ifsh, sn nmq ifsh bf; zKGf{ kfv bfmfp pKfnmsq zflfq rsh bf ˆhQ kf jfpf hst oBA rsh. ksh ƒ¤YfjxkHfsh dhbfgWusv swN nmsq bfmfp iVf ShL bq. klbcv™i pdl sjfb hAdÙÁ�ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp iVfv mk nmsqv iCshGƒ mcntmfb rq zKhf sjfb mdrtf zbcv™i nmsq mfdnj sKsj idhÛf rq ksh�‰�zsÙÁv bfmfp kfslv ubA jfpf jvf Wqfsuh. spmb sjfb hAdÙÁ�pdl nCpG WEfv iCshG�ˆmb nmsq�ƒntfm oarB jsv, sp nmsqv msLA mfÛ�ˆj vfjzfk Iusvv bfmfp iVstƒ nCpG …sE pfsh, kfrst ‰ hAdÙÁv ubA Iusvv�‰�bfmfp Ivp�ˆhQ kfsj jfpf iVsk rq. zbcv™i pdl sjfb ifot Îfb dIsv ifq zKhf sjfb mdrtfv mfdnj há�rq, kfrst kfslv ubAW�‰�Iusvv bfmfp Ivp. dEj kû™iƒ pdl sjfb mdrtf mfosvshv bfmfp bf isV Kfsj ˆhQ ˆkef nmq zdkhfdrk rWqfv iv kfv mfdnj wcv¢ rsq pfq, pfv msLA ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp iVf spk, kfrst ‰ mdrtfv ubA ‰ mfosvshv bfmfp Ivp. mfdnj sKsj ifj rWqfv isv kfsj ‰ bfmfp jfpf iVsk rsh. (vfdI} 23-24ix}) 2222.... ˆwfv bfmfp zLGvfdÛ�ipG§À slvD jsv iVf zfIpt rstW zfWqft zsÙÁ�ufmfzfk rst ufmfzfskv nfsK zfWqft zsÙÁƒ iVf zfIpt. jfvB, ufmfzfsk bfmfp iVf Wqfsuh. 3333.... Iusvv zfpfb rst 2 vfjzfk ncâfsk vfskhfr YfVf Ivp ipG§À zfv zbA sjfb bfmfp sbƒ. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA …id²¿k hAdÙÁ�zbcid²¿k hAdÙÁsj spb si]ZsY slq sp, Iusvv (zfpfsbv) iv lc' vfjzfk (ncâk) YfVf zfv sjfb (bIt) bfmfp isVf bf.« (zf}, zflf} 1278 bQ) 4444.... ufmfzfk JfVf rst Ivp bfmfp YfVf sjfb iajfsvv bIt W ncâk (zbcv™i ixKj Ivp) bfmfp iVf ShL bq. (mc} iamcJ, dm} 1058 bQ) 5555---- ixdKhDv sp ²¿fsb dlb hf vfdÛ�zöfHfdhj tìf (spmb 6 mfn vfk, 6 mfn dlb) rq, sn�²¿fsb 24 O¦ef drnfh jsv vfk-dlb Lsv drnfh mk i]fy zÙÁ�bfmfp iVsk rsh. sp�²¿fsb dlb hf vfk zöfHfdhj sYfe snJfsbW zf¦lfu jsv njt bfmfp zflfq jvf uv¢vD. spmb lfÏft�ˆst dlb 1 hYv, 1 mfn W 1 nåfr idvmfB tìf rst,�öfHfdhj dlb zbcmfb W drnfh jsv bfmfp iVsk htf rsqsY. (mc} 2137 bQ)

zzzfffpppfffbbb WWW kkkfffvvv mmmfffrrrfffkkk¹¹¹AAA zfpfb Ivp ˆhQ kf slWqf rt IspG djIfqfr. zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªbfmfspv nmq …id²¿k rst skfmfslv�ˆjub zfpfb slsh�ˆhQ skfmfslv msLA�sp hV sn�


43

ƒmfmdk jvsh.« (hc} 628bQ, mc}, bf}, lf}) zfpfb ƒntfsmv zbAkm dblwGb W iakDj. sjfb oafm hf wrvhfnD kf kAfo jvst ƒmfm (vfóºiaLfb) kfslv dhv¢sÝ�durfl jvshb. spmb mrfbhD � zdHpfsb sost sjfb ubil sKsj zfpfsbv L¶db wcbst kfslv …iv zfÛÁmB jvskb bf. (hc} 610 bQ, mc}) nIsv ˆjf Kfjst zKhf mndul Jchƒ lCv rst ˆhQ zfpfb wcbsk bf ifWqf sost ˆjfƒ zfpfb W ƒjfmk dlsq bfmfp iVf ncâk. (Iƒ} 1/255) zfpfb slWqfq (mczfpXspsbv ubA) vsqsY hV nWqfh W IpDtk. mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªsn hAdÙÁ�zsi[f zfv jfv jKf�…{jxó,�sp hAdÙÁ�zfïfrv dlsj mfbcNsj zfr¶fb jsv, n{jfu jsv ˆhQ hst zfdm ˆjub `mcndtm' (zfk¹nmiGBjfvD)?« (jc} 41/33) diaq bhD � hstb, ªstfsj pdl zfpfb W iaKm jfkfsvv mfrfk¹A ufbk, zk}iv kf tfsHv ubA tefdv jvf YfVf zfv zbA sjfb …ifq bf sik, kfrst kfvf tefdvƒ jvk.« (hc} 615, mc} 437bQ) ªzfïfr iaKm jfkfsvv …iv vrmk hNGB jsvb ˆhQ dIdvñfoB kfslv ubA [mf iafKGbf jsv Kfsjb. mczfpXdpbsj kfv zfpfsbv zfWqfspv …¤ykf zbcpfqD [mf jvf rq. kfv zfpfb wahBjfvD iaskAj nvn hf bDvn h²Â kfv jKfv nkAfqb jsv Kfsj. kfv nfsK pfvf bfmfp isV kfslv njstv sbjDv nmidvmfB kfv sbjD tfH rq.« (zfrml, bfnf„, nrDr kfvoDh 228bQ) ªdjqfmskv dlb mczfpXdpbosBv olGfb zbAfbA stfsjslv sysq t©hf rsh.« (mc}387bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ hfsvf h{nv zfpfb slsh kfv ubA ufâfk Wqfsuh rsq pfsh. zfv iaskAj dlb zfpfsbv lv¢b kfv zfmtbfmfq Nfede sbjD dtdihÝ jvf rsh ˆhQ kfv ƒjfmskv lv¢b dtdihÝ rsh dÛwde sbjD.« (ƒhsb mfufr, lfvfjck¶bD, rfsjm, nrDr kfvoDh 240bQ) ªsp sjfb mfbcN, du¶b hf zbA djYc mczfpXdpsbv zfpfsbv wè wcbsk ifsh, snƒ mczfpXdpsbv ubA djqfmskv dlb nf[A ialfb jvsh.« (hcJfvD 609 bQ)

zzzfffpppfffsssbbbvvv iiiaa a fffvvvddd©©©HHHjjj ƒƒƒdddkkkrrrfffnnn mÄfq zh²¿fbjfst mrfbhD � kKf mcndtmoB dhbf zfpfsb bfmfp isVsYb. zk}iv mlDbfq druvk jvst druvD 1m (mkf§Àsv 2q) nsb zfpfb Ivp rq. (Ihf} 2/78) njt mcntmfbsj ˆjsÛ�nmshk jsv ufmfzfkhÝHfsh bfmfp iVfv ubA�ˆmb�ˆj dudbsnv iasqfub dYt, pf wcsb hf slsJ k]fvf umf rsk ifvskb.�ˆ�usbA k]fvf iChG sKsjƒ mndusl …id²¿k rsq bfmfspv zsi[f jvskb.�ˆ�msmG k]fvf�ˆjdlb ivfmwG jvstb; sj… htstb, `bfnfvfslv O¦efv mk zfmvfW O¦ef hAhrfv jvh.' sj… sj… htstb, `hvQ ƒqfùlDslv wxsÌv mk wxÌ�hAhrfv jvh.' rpvk�…mfv htstb,


44

`hvQ bfmfspv iadk zfr¶fb jvfv ubA ˆjde stfjsj (odt-odt) ifdEsq dlst sjmb rq?' dj§Â�mrfbhD � htstb,�ªsr dhtft! WE, bfmfspv ubA zfr¶fb jv.«(hc} 604 , mc})

sj… htstb, `bfmfspv nmq mndusl ˆjde ikfjf …sÙftb jvf srfj. stfsjvf kf slsJ�ˆsj zivsj bfmfspv nmq ufdbsq slsh.' dj§Â�mrfbhD��ˆ�nh iY¦l jvstb bf. (zflf} 498bQ) idvswsN dkdb ˆjde O¦ef dbmGfsBv zfslw dlstb. ˆƒ zhnsv zfècïfr dhb pfql ösi slJstb, ˆj hAdÙÁ�O¦ef rfsk pfs¤Y. zfècïfr hstb, zfdm kfsj httfm, `sr zfïfrv hf¦lf! O¦efde dhÛÁq jvsh?' stfjde htt,�`ˆef dbsq dj jvsh?' zfdm httfm, `Wef dlsq stfsjslvsj bfmfspv ubA zfr¶fb jvh.' stfjde htt, `zfdm skfmfsj ˆv yfƒsk …Ùm dudbsnv jKf hst slh bf dj?' zfdm httfm, `zhwAƒ.' kJb ‰ hAdÙÁ�zfècïfrsj zfpfb W ƒjfmk dwdJsq dlt. zk}iv njft rst dkdb vnCt � ˆv dbje …id²¿k rsq�ösiv jKf Jcst htstb. nh djYc wcsb mrfbhD � htstb, ªƒb wfzfïfr! ˆde nkA öi. zkˆh kcdm dhtfstv nfsK l]fVfW ˆhQ ösi spmb (zfpfb) wcsbY dEj skmdb dhtftsj wcbfW; sn ‰ nh hst zfpfb dljX. jfvB, dhtfstv zfWqfu skfmfv sysq …¤y.« zk}iv zfècïfr ösi iafå�zfpfsbv�‰�wèÈstf dhtft sj wcbfsk tfostb�ˆhQ dhtft��…¤yösv zfpfb dlsk wcv¢ jvstb. …mfv dbu Ov rskƒ zfpfsbv wè wcbsk sisq yflv sY]yXsV (kfVfkfdV) shv rsq mrfbhD � ˆv dbje …id²¿k rstb; htstb, `snƒ nÙfv jnm, sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfdmW (20 dlb iCshG) ösi ‰v™i slsJdY.' zfïfrv vnCt � k]fsj htstb, ªzkˆh pfhkDq iawQnf zfïfrvƒ.« (zf}, zflf} 498-499, dk} 189, ƒmf} 706bQ)

zzzfffpppfffsssbbbvvv wwwèèèfffhhhtttDDD mrfbhD � ˆv mczfpXdpb dYt smfe 4 ub. mlDbfq 2 ub; dhtft dhb vfhfr W zfmXv dhb …s©m mfjkCm jcvfwD. zfmXv dYstb zá.zfv jchfq dYstb nf'l zft-jcpGX. mÄfq zfhC mfrpCvfr zfWn dhb mcoDvfr ucmfrD. (pfmf} 1/124) zfècïfr dhb pfql ˆv hdBGk dhtft ˆv zfpfb dYt dbm´v™i}- ��<Jא�� (zfïf-ù zfjhfv) 4 hfv.

.2 hfv (zfwrflc zftX tf�ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-r) ��2$��ن��56,�)#��,��56א��

��ل��א�� .(zfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflfv vfnCtcïf-r) 2 hfv ��2$��ن*��&�%*$א��*

��Q�0* .�d�:�4�*e�? (rfƒqAf zftfn n¶tf-r) 2 hfvא)


45

��f�0��(א�d�:�4�*e�? (rfƒqAf zftft Iftf-r) 2 hfv.

��<Jא�� (zfïf-ù zfjhfv) 2 hfv.

1 hfv. (zf}, zflf} 499bQ) (tf�ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-r) �6,�)#��,��56א�� zfhC mfrpCvfr sj zfïfrv vnCt � dbm´v™i zfpfb dwdJsqdYstb}- ��<Jא�� (zfïfr nhfv sysq mrfb) 4 hfv.

(.zfdm nf[A dld¤Y sp, zfïfr dHâ sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ) ��2$��ن��56,�)#��,��56א��2hfv ycsi ycsi. ��ل��א�� (zfdm nf[A dld¤Y sp, mcrf©mfl � zfïfrv vnCt.) 2 hfv ��2$��ن*��&�%*$א��*ycsi ycsi. icbvfq 2 ��2$��ن��56,�)#��,��56א��hfv�…¤yösv.

��ل��א��2$��ن*��&�%*$א��* 2hfv�…¤yösv.

��Q�0* .�d�:�4�*e�? (ˆn bfmfspv ubA) 2 hfvא)

��f�0��(א�d�:�4�*e�?��(ˆn mcdÙÁv ubA) 2 hfv.

��<Jא�� (zfïfr nhfv sysq mrfb) 2 hfv.

.1 hfv (.zfïfr dHâ sjfb nkA mf'hCl sbƒ)��6,�)#��,��56א�� zfv ˆƒ zfpfbsj `kfvuD' zfpfb' htf rq. (zf}, zflf} 500bQ, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}) Iusvv zfpfb rst ��f�0��(א�d�:�4�*e? ˆv isv 2hfv htsk rq،

*��O��Q�0��g��א)�*��م�� zfnXn¶tf-kc Jfƒv¢m dmbfbX bfWmX. zKGf{, dbûf zsi[f bfmfp) א�)…Ùm. (‰)

zzzfffpppfffsssbbbvvv dddhhhssswwwNNN dddbbbqqqmmmfffhhhtttDDD 1111.... zfpfb spb kfv wèdhbAfsnv dhivDk bf rq. pfv iv sp hfjA iv±iv ndÏk zfsY dEj snƒ ipGfqÛÁsm kfƒ htf uv¢vD. nckvfQ -…lfrvBöv™i- pdl sj… ��d�:�4�*e?�Q�0* *�d�:�4�*e?�hst sIst, kfrst icbvfq ��Q�0א)��htfv zfso��f�0 א) ?hst pKf�:�4�*e�dא)zbcÛÁsm zfpfb swN jvsh. (I…} 1/348) 2222.... ˆjef hfjA htfv iv zbA hfjA htsk spb shwD slvD bf rq. mfƒj ƒkAfdl dEj jvsk dosq hf zbA sjfb jfvsB dhvdk zdLj rst icbvfq wcv¢ sKsj zfpfb dlsk rsh. 3333.... zfpfb spb bfmfspv zÙÁ�wcv¢ rWqfv iCshG bf rq. spsrkc zsÙÁv iCshG zfpfb psKó�


46

bq. (mcobD 1/445)�iCshG dlsq sItst zÙÁ�rst icbvfq zfpfb slWqf uv¢vD. (zfmf} 2/166) ˆjlf rpvk dhtft � (Iusvv) zfpfb Iuv …lq rWqfv zfsoƒ dlsq sIstdYstb. mrfbhD � k]fsj zfslw jvstb sp, dkdb spb dIsv dosq hstb, `swfsbf! hf¦lf OcdmsqdYt. swfsbf! hf¦lf OcdmsqdYt.' (zKGf{ Ocsmv sOfsv nmq hcUsk ifdv db.) (zflf} 532bQ) 4444.... zfpfsbv wèfhtD zfvhD. dHâ HfNfq (zbchfl jsv) zfpfb skf wcÝ�bqƒ; iv§Â�‰�zfvhD wèÈstfv�…¤yfvsB Hct jvfW ShL bq. nckvfQ pdl zfpfsbv ˆmb …¤yfvB jvf rq, pfsk kfv zKG hlst pfq, kfrst zfpfb wcÝ�bq. spmb,��<J��Z��`zf-ïf-ù zfjhfv' (iaKmjfv zfdtsI efb dlsq) htf. ˆv zKG rsh, `zfïfr dj nhfv sysq mrfb?' zfïfrv mrfbkfq ns¦lr sifNB jsv ˆ Lvsbv iawshfLj hfjA htst mfbcN jfsIv rsq pfq. bf susb htst jfsIv bf rstW zfpfb wcÝ�bq. klbcv™i ��<Jא�� `zfïfù zfjhf-v' (zfjhfsvv swsN efb dlsq) htst ˆv zKG l]fVfsh, `zfïfr ˆjmcsJf khtf!' zKhf `zfïfr zfjhf-v (ˆj wqkfsbv bfm)! bf†pc dhïfdr dmb pfdtj. zbcv™i spJfsb efb zfsY snJfsb bf efbf ˆhQ spJfsb efb sbƒ snJfsb efb slWqf, ع��(zfƒb)sj א� (zfdtI)�ˆv mk zKhf kfv dhivDk,��f�(hV sr hf rf)sj��9�(sYfe sr hf rf)ˆv mk zKhf kfv dhivDk …¤yfvB, `Iftfr' W `n¶ftfr' htfv nmq `r'ˆv …¤yfvB hfl dlsq `Iftf' W `nftf' htf, spv-phv iaHxdk …¬efif¬ef jvf ƒkAfdl zfpfsbv zKG hlst slq. ˆsk zfpfb wcÝ�rq bf. 5555.... zfpfsbv nm²À wèfhtD sofbf-o]fKf. ˆv …iv djYc zdkdvÙÁ�jvf dhlzfk.mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfmfslv�ˆ�(äDsbv) hAfifsv sjfb bkcb djYc�…ßfhb jvsh, pf kfv z§ÀHGcÙÁ�bq, kf iakAfJAfk.«�(hc}, mc}) kfƒ `rfƒqAf zftf Jfƒdvt zfmft,' `zfwrflc zfâf nfƒdqAlfbf---' iaHxdk hfVdk wè W hfjA dhlzfk. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr kfkfzfïfjc dhnXntfr, ƒhsb hfp 34ix}) klbcv™i Iuv YfVf zbA zsÙÁv zfpfsb `zfnXn¶tfkc Jfƒv¢m--' htf ShL bq. ƒhsb …mfv ˆdesj dhlzfk hstsYb ˆhQ kf wcsb sn zfpfsbv mndul kAfo jsvsYb. (zflf} 538bQ) zbcv™i zfpfsbv iv zfpfsbv mk dydïsq `bfmfp iV' ƒkAfdl htfW dhlzfk. (Iƒ} 1/252) iajfw sp, Iusvv zfpfsb `zfnXn¶tfkc Jfƒv¢m--' htsk Hcst sost zfpfsbv sjfb [dk rq bf. (I…} 1/349) zfpfb dlsk dlsk zdk iasqfusb jKf htfq slfN sbƒ. (hc}, Ihf} 2/116) sjfb jfvsB zfpfb dlsk dlsk mczfpXdpb kf swN jvsk bf ifvst zbA hAdÙÁ�bkcb


47

jsv wcv¢ sKsj zfpfb slsh. sei-svjFGfsvv mfLsm zfpfb wcÝ�bq. jfvB, zfpfb ˆj ƒhflk. (mcm} 2/61-62)

mmmcc czzzfffpppXX X dddpppsssbbbvvv dddjjj rrrWWWqqqfff WWW dddjjj jjjvvvfff ………dddyyykkk 1111.... mczfpXdpb spb `mcndtm' W Îfbn©iâ (nfhftj hf bfhftj) icv¢N rq. sjfb mdrtfv ubA (icv¢N-mrst) zfpfb slWqf ShL bq; dlst sn zfpfb wcÝ�bq. (mcobD 1/459) 2222.... mczfpXdpb rsh nc¦lv ydvsÛv zdLjfvD. pfsk kfv zfpfb wcsb jfsvf msb (zfpfsbv iadk) dhkxòf W OxBfv�…sûj bf rq. (jfhDvf sofbfr jsv ˆmb) Ifsnsjv zfpfb pdlW wcÝ,�khcW sjfb Ifsnjsj mnduslv mczfpXdpb dbsqfo jvf dEj bq. (mcobD 1/449) 3333.... snƒ hAdÙÁƒ rsh spfoA mczfpXdpb, sp zfpfsbv wèfhtDv pKfKG …¤yfvB jvsk n[m. 4444.... …ipcÙÁ�mczfpXdpb snƒ, sp zfpfb slWqfv …iv sjfb ifdvwadmj sbq bf. ˆjlf …nmfb zfdht zfn zfïfrv vnCt � sj htstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfmfsj zfmfv jWsmv ƒmfm hfdbsq dlb.' dkdb htstb, ªkcdm Wslv ƒmfm. (ksh) Wslv msLA nhsysq lchGt hAdÙÁv jKf sJqft jsv�ƒmfmdk (W bfmfp rfîf) jsvf. zfv ˆmb mczfpXdpb svsJf, sp zfpfb slWqfv dhdbmsq sjfb shkb sbsh bf.« (mc}, zflf} 531, dk} 209, bf}, ƒmf} 987bQ, rf} 5/3) zhwA kfv djYc sbWqfv …sÜwA bf Kfjfv isvW pdl kfsj djYc ifdvwadmj slWqf rq, kfrst kf oarB jvfq slfN sbƒ. dj§Â�…sÜwA pdl shkb ifWqfƒ rq zKhf bfm sbWqf hf stfj-ialwGb rq, ksh kfv ‰ zfmt sYfe dwsjG idvodBk rsh. (dvnftfkcb ƒtf mczfpXdpb 42-45 û}) 5555.... zfpfb slWqfv ubA Wpc uv¢vD bq. jfvB, ˆ hAfifsv nrDr rflDn sbƒ. (ƒo} 1/240, Ihf} 2/135) 6666.... zfpfb dlsk rsh …]yc ²¿fsb; pfsk kfv wè yfdvdlsj YdVsq isV. ƒhsb …mfv …sev …iv ysV zfpfb dlskb. (hf}, ƒo} 226bQ) dhtft zfpfb dlskb bfÏfv sofsÛv�ˆj mdrtfv Osvv Yfsl�…sE. jfvB, mnduslv zfswifsw nm²À Osvv sysq kfv Ovefƒ dYt shwD …]yc. zfv zfècïfr dhb wfjDj hstb, `ncâfr (mrfbhD � ˆv kvDjf) rt dmbfsv zfpfb slWqf ˆhQ mnduslv dHkv ƒjfmk slWqf.' (ƒzfwf} 2331 bQ) zhwA ˆ iasqfub mfƒsj dmdesq slq. dj§Â�mfƒj-Ov dmbfsvv …isv jvst ncâk iftsb Û¢de rq bf�ˆhQ zfpfb ytf zh²¿fq mfƒj há�rstW zfpfb icvf jvf pfq. 7777.... l]fdVsq zfpfb slWqfƒ ncâk. ƒhbct mcbdpv hstb, `p]fslv dbje rsk ƒtm nQv[B jvf rq k]fvf ˆ dhNsq ˆjmk sp, mczfpXdpsbv l]fdVsq zfpfb slWqfƒ ncâk.' (ƒo} 1/241)


48

zhwA sjfb zncdhLfv s[sÛ�hsn zfpfb slWqfW slfNfhr bq. spmb nfrfhD zfhC pfql sjfb durfsl dosq k]fv if [k rst hsn zfpfb dlskb. (zfNvfm, hf} 1/392, ƒo} 225bQ) 8888.... zfpfsbv nmq sjhtfmcJ rWqf mc²Àfrfh. iCshG …sïdJk zfècïfr dhb pfqslv rflDsnv ˆj hBGbfq zfsY sp, ˆj dIdvñf zfnmfb sKsj zhkDBG rsq�ˆj sifsVf hfdVv slWqfstv …iv sjhtfmcsJ JfVf rstb---. (mcnbfl ƒnrfj dhb vfrWqfƒr, ƒo} 1/250) zfpfsbv wcv¢sk `dhndmïfr' htsk rsh ˆmb sjfb iamfB ifWqf pfq bf. htf …Ùm rst dbÇyq�ˆv sjfb dbslGw Kfjk. (dvnftfkcb�ƒtf mczfpXdpb 51ix}) 9999.... wè sufv jvfv …sÜswA lcƒ jfsb zfÌct svsJ sbWqf ncâk. dhtft zfpfb slWqfv nmq jfsb zfÌct vfJskb. (zf}, dk}, rf}, ƒo} 230bQ) zhwA zfÌct slWqfef uv¢vD bq. spmb ƒhsb …mfv zfpfb slWqfv nmq jfsb zfÌct vfJskb bf. (hc}, Ihf} 2/135) ƒhsb rfufv (v}) hstb, `dbdlGó�jsv sjfbX zfÌctsj jfsb vfJsk rsh sn dhNsq sjfb dbslGw zfsn db.' (Ihf} 2/137) 10101010.... …ipcÙÁ�mczfpXdpb snƒ hAdÙÁ,�pfv otfv zfWqfsu sufv shwD. spsrkc�…sÜwA rt shwD shwD stfjsj bfmfspv nmq ufdbsq mnduslv dlsj zfr¶fb jvf. kfƒ skf nfrfhD zfècïfr dhb pfql ˆv mfLAsm zfpfsbv nCybf rstW mczfpXdpb rstb dhtft . zfv kfv ubAƒ mrfbhD � zfècïfr sj htstb, ªkcdm zfpfsbv wèÈstf dhtftsj dwdJsq lfW. jfvB, skfmfv sysq Wv otfv sufv shwD.« (zf}, zflf} 499bQ iamcJ) zsbsj hstsYb, ˆƒ nfsK j÷öv dmdó�rWqfW mc²Àfrfh. jfvB, kfrst zfpfb wcsb mfbcsNv r™lq bvm rsh ˆhQ jfsvf msb zfpfsbv iadk dhkxòf u¦mfsh bf. (mcobD 1/428) sjfb dbuGb iaf§Àsv ˆjf rstW bfmfspv nmq sufvlfv wsè zfpfb slWqf …Ùm. mrfbhD � zfècïfr dhb zfècv vrmfb sj hstdYstb, ªzfdm slJdY, kcdm Yfot-sH]Vf W mv¢-mqlfb iY¦l jv. nckvfQ kcdm pJb skfmfv Yfot-sH]Vfv nfsK mv¢-mqlfsb Kfjsh ˆhQ bfmfspv (nmq rst) zfpfb slsh, kJb spb …¤yösv zfpfb dlW. jfvB, mfbcN, dub zKhf sp sj…ƒ mczfpXdpsbv nfmfbA wèW wcbsk ifsh, sn kfv ubA djqfmsk nf[A slsh.« (mf}, hc}, bf}, ƒmf}, dm} 656bQ) …¤yöv�hfdÒk hstƒ zfpfsb mfƒsÛÁfsIfb hAhrfv (dhlzfk) lCNbDq bq. hvQ�ˆ�ubA mfƒj mcndtmslv is[ zfïfrv ˆj dhswN sbqfmk. (mcm} 2/46) 11111111.... zfpfb W ƒjfmsk kjhDsvv wè ˆjef ˆjef jsv ixKj ixKj bf htf; hvQ sufVf sufVf ˆj nfsK htf dhsLq. spsrkc mrfbhD � hstb, ªmczfpXdpb pJb hst, `zfïfù zfjXhfv, zfïfù zfjXhfv' ˆhQ skfmfslv sj… kfv uWqfsh hst, `zfïfù zfjXhfv, zfïfù zfjXhfv'---.« (mc}, zflf}, bf}, nkf} 244bQ)


49

12121212.... zfpfb sesb sesb rstW ofsbv mk nctdtk js÷ tìf efb efbf mjv™r. ntIslv ˆj ufmfzfk ˆv™i efbfsj ziY¦l jsvsYb. mfstj dhb zfbfn iamcJ …tfmfosBv dbje kf mjv™r hst hdBGk zfsY. (kfthDnc ƒhtDn, ƒhbct ufWpD 168ix}) …mfv dhb zfèct zfpDspv pcso ˆjub mczfpXdpb zfpfsb ofsbv mk efb dlst dkdb kfsj htstb, `nfLfvB (nflf-dnLf) Hfsh zfpfb lfW. bsy{ zfmfslv dbje sKsj lCv rsq pfW!' (ƒzfwf}, hc}, Ihf} 2/105) 13131313.... `rfƒqAf zftfn ntf-r' W `---Iftf-r' htfv nmq Ffsb-hfsm mcJ dIvfsbf ncâk. zfhC ucrfƒIfr hstb, zfdm dhtftsj zfpfb dlsk slsJdY. dkdb `rfƒqAf zftfn ntf-r, rfƒqAf zftft Iftf-r' htfv nmq k]fv mcJsj ˆdlj Wdlj Ffsb-hfsm dIvfskb. (hc} 634bQ, mc}, zflf} 520bQ, bf}) 2 hfv `rfƒqAf zftfn n¶tfr' htfv nmq Ffb dlsj ˆhQ `---Iftf-r' htfv nmq hfm dlsj mcJ dIvfsbf pfq. ˆv™i zfmtƒ …ÙÁ�rflDsnv zsKGv jfYfjfdY. i[f§Àsv iaKmhfv `rfƒqA zftfn ntf-r' htfv nmq Ffb dlsj, kfviv däkDqhfv htfv nmq hfm dlsj, zbcv™i `---Iftf-r' htfv nmq Ffb dlsj ˆhQ däkDqhfv htfv nmq hfm dlsj mcJ dIvfstW yst.�ˆsk�…Hq dlsjƒ …Hq hfjAƒ htf rq. (Ihf} 2/136) …ÙÁ�…Hq iajfv zfmstv msLA sjfb�ˆjdesj dbdlGó�jvfv hAfifsv sjfb nrDr rflDn sbƒ. zfpfb mfƒsÛÁfsIfsb Osvv dHksv rstW�…ÙÁ�ncâfk kAfo jvf …dyk bq. (dvnftfkcb ƒtf mczfpXdpb 30ix}) 14141414.... mczfpXdpsbv jkGhA pKf nmsq zfpfb slWqf. jfvB, kfv zfpfsbv …iv stfsjslv bfmfp-svfpf wcÝ-zwcÝ�rWqf dbHGv jsv. znmsq zfpfb dlst bfmfp W svfpf bó�rWqfv zfwËf Kfsj. nckvfQ nmq susb zfpfb slWqf uv¢vD. zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªmczfpXdpboB stfsjslv bfmfp W snrvDv dus©mlfv.« (hf} 1/426, ƒv} 1/239) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªƒmfm (stfsjslv) pfdmb, zfv mczfpXdpb rt kfslv (bfmfp-svfpfv) dus©mlfv. sr zfïfr! kcdm ƒmfmoBsj iKialwGb jv ˆhQ mczfpXdpboBsj [mf jsv lfW.« ˆj hAdÙÁ�htt,�`ˆ�jKf wcdbsq zfidb skf zfmfslvsj zfpfsb iadkspfdokf jvsk tfdosq dlstb.' dkdb htstb,�ªskfmfslv isv�ˆmb pco zfnsh, sp pcsov dbjxó�swaBDv mfbcNvfƒ rsh mczfpXdpb.« (zf}, kfh}, hf}, ƒhsb zfnfsjv iamcJ, ƒv} 217bQ)

zzzfffpppfffsssbbbvvv uuuWWWqqqfffhhh zfpfb wcv¢ rst yci sKsj wcsb kfv uWqfh slWqf dhsLq (ncâk). mczfpXdpb `zfïfù zfjhfv' htst, swafkfW kfv uhfsh `zfïfù zfjhfv' htsh. mczfpXdpb `zfwrflc zft tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr, zfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflfv vfnCtcïfr' htst swafkf htsh, `zzfbf, zzfbf.' zKGf{ zfdmW nfd[ dld¤Y, zfdmW. (zflf} 526bQ) ˆƒ nmq dbsmv lczfW htsk rq}-


50

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ªzfïfù©mf vfêf rf-dpdrl lf'WqfdkkX kf-©mfdk znXnftf-dkt j¶f-ƒmfr, zf-dk mcrf©mflfdbt znDtfkf ztIfpDtfr, zhzfnù mfj¶f-mfm mfrmClfdbïfpD zzfÙfrX.« zKGf{, sr zfïfr! sr ˆƒ idviCBG zfrhfb W iadkôftfHjfvD bfmfspv iaHc! kcdm mcrf©mfl sj znDtfr (ufâfskv nc…¤y ²¿fb) ˆhQ mpGflf lfb jv. zfv k]fsj snƒ mfj¶fsm mfrmCl (iawQdnk ²¿fsb) siavB jsvf pfv iadkwa¢dk kcdm k]fsj lfb jsvY. (hc} 614bQ, zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}) iajfw sp, …ÙÁ�lczfv mfsU�ƒhsb ncâDv hBGbfq `zÜfvfufkfv vfIDzfr', (klbcv™i


51

stfsjslv hBGbfq `nfƒdqAlfbf mcrf©mflfb', zvpcj¶bf wfIfzfkfù') ˆhQ swsN hfƒrfjDv hBGbfq zdkdvÙÁ�`ƒâfjf tf kcJdtIct mDzfl' iaHxdk wcÝ�bq.�(ƒv} 1/261) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªmczfpXdpbsj zfpfb dlsk wcbst skfmvfW Wv mkƒ ht. zk}iv zfmfv …iv lv™l ifE jv; sjb bf, sp hAdÙÁ�zfmfv�…iv�ˆjhfv lv™l ifE jsv, zfïfr ˆv dhdbmsq kfv …iv lwhfv vrmk hNGB jsvb. zk}iv skfmvf zfmfv ubA zfïfrv dbje znDtf iafKGbf jv; jfvB, znDtf rt ufâfskv ˆmb ˆj nc…¤y ²¿fb, pf zfïfrv hf¦lfslv msLA ˆjde hf¦lfv ubA …ipcÙÁ.�zfv zfdm zfwf vfdJ sp, snƒ hf¦lf zfdmƒ. nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ�zfmfv ubA�‰�znDtf iafKGbf jvsh, kfv ubA zfmfv wfIfzfk (ncifdvw) zhLfpG rsq pfsh.« (mc} iamcJ, dm} 657bQ) zfpfsbv iCshG wcv¢sk (…¤yösv hf mfƒsÛÁfsIfsb) lv™l hf knhDr ifE ˆhQ zbcv™i swsNW lv™l hf …ÙÁ�lczf (sufsv-swfsv) ifE dhlzfk. dwJfhfv�…sÜswAW zfïfrv bhD � hf ntIslv sj…ƒ ˆv™i jsv pfb db. (ƒhsb hfp, Ihf} 2/92, eDjf) spmb zfpfb W ƒjfmskv wcv¢sk `dhndmïfr' iVf dhlzfk. (mcm} 1/132) kû™i …isvfÙÁ ‰ lczf iVfv nmq rfk skftfW dhsLq bq. dhsLq bq zfpfb ðv¢ rst mdrtfslv mfKfq jfiV sbWqf. ÎfkhA sp, zfpfsbv uWqfh slsh iaskAj snƒ hAdÙÁ pfv ubA zfïfrv dpjXv jvf ShL. zkˆh idhÛ zh²¿fq, zidhÛ hf mfdnj zh²¿fq bfvD-icv¢N njstv ubAƒ zfpfsbv uWqfh slWqf mc²Àfrfh. zhwA bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq, ianafh-ifqJfbf jvf zKhf hfKv¢sm Kfjf zh²¿fq ˆhQ ²ÃD-dmtb vk zh²¿fq zfpfsbv …Ùv slWqf ShL bq. ˆnh jfu sKsj Ifsvo rWqfv iv hfjD zfpfsbv …Ùv slWqf dhsLq. sp hAdÙÁ jcvzfb sktfzk hf dpjXv jsv zKhf lnG slq sn hAdÙÁ kf há svsJ zfpfsbv uWqfh dlsq icbvfq kf sYsV vfJf ufqof sKsj ðv¢ jvsh. (dInc} 1/87) JfWqfv nmq zfpfb rst sJsk sJskW zfpfsbv uWqfh dlsk�ˆhQ kfviv lczf iVsk sjfb hfLf sbƒ. (I…} 1/532) zfpfsbv nmq lczf jhct rsq Kfsj. (zflf}, rf}, nuf} 3079 bQ)

mmmnnnddduuulll YYYfffVVVfff zzzbbbAAA ²²²¿¿ ¿ fffsssbbb zzzfffpppfffbbb Hq, wÛ¢kf iaHxdkv jfvsB mndusl spsk hfLf Kfjst, mndul hù lCsv rst (ˆhQ zfpfb wcbsk bf sist), nIsv sjfb dbuGb iaf§Àsv Kfjst, sp ufqofq Kfjsh snƒ ufqofskƒ bfmfspv nmq rst zfpfb-ƒjfmk dlsq bfmfp zflfq jvsk rsh. ˆjf rst zfpfb Wqfsuh bf rstW ncâk zhwAƒ hse. mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb nIsv Kfjsh, kJb skfmvf zfpfb dlW ˆhQ ƒjfmk dlW. zfv skfmfslv msLA sp hV sn ƒmfmdk jsvf.« (hc}, dm} 682bQ)


52

kfYfVf zfïfrv bhD � ˆhQ nfrfhfoB nIsv Kfjst I]fjf mfsE zfpfb dlsq bfmfp isVsYb. (mc} 681bQ, iamcJ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfv iadkiftj dhd±mk rb ihGk yCVfq snƒ Yfostv vfJftsj slsJ sp bfmfspv ubA zfpfb dlsq (snJfsbƒ) bfmfp zflfq jsv; zfïfr zfppf zufïX hstb, ªskfmvf zfmfv ˆƒ hf¦lfsj t[A jv, (ˆmb ufqofskW) zfpfb dlsq bfmfp jfsqm jvsY! sn zfmfsj Hq jsv. zfdm kfsj [mf jsv dltfm ˆhQ ufâfsk iashw jvftfm.« (zflf}, bf}, nkf} 239 bQ) dkdb hstb, ªsjfb hAdÙÁ�pJb sjfb hx[-ifdbrDb iaf§Àsv Kfsj, zk}iv snJfsb bfmfspv nmq …id²¿k rq, kJb sn spb Wpc jsv. ifdb bf sist spb kfqf©mcm jsv. zk}iv sn pdl wcLc ƒjfmk dlsq bfmfp isV, kfrst kfv nfsK kfv nÌD lcƒ dIdvñf bfmfp isVb. dj§Â�sn pdl zfpfb dlsq W�ƒjfmk dlsq bfmfp isV, kfrst kfv iÇyfsk zfïfrv ˆk dIdvñf bfmfp isVb, pfslv lcƒ iaf§À busv zfsn bf!« (zfvf}, nkf} 241bQ) zfv ˆjlf dkdb zfècïfr dhb zfècv vrmfbsj mv¢HCdmsk Yfoifst Kfjfjfst bfmfspv ubA …¤ywsè zfpfb dlsk zfslw jsvdYstb. (hc} iamcJ, dm} 656bQ)

jjjfffpppfff bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv uuubbbAAA zzzfffpppfffbbb mndusl sj… zfpfb bf dlst ˆhQ wrsv hf oafsm Kfjsk njstv bfmfp jfpf rst zKhf nIsv icsvf ufmfzfskv hf ˆjfjDv bfmfp jfpf rst znmsqW zfpfb-ƒjfmk dlsq bfmfp iVf jkGhA. ˆjlf mrfbhD � nfrfhfnr nIsv KfjfjftDb k]fslv Iusvv bfmfp jfpf rsq pfq. nCpG WEfv iv sku rsq ˆst ‰ ²¿fb kAfo jsv zbA�²¿fsb dosq dhtft zfpfb slb. zk}iv pKf dbqsm Iusvv bfmfp zflfq jsvb. (mc} 681bQ, iamcJ) spmb J¦lsjv pcsÝv nmq�ˆjlf njstv yfv zsÙÁv bfmfp rst,�ˆwfv iv zfpfb dlsq spfrv, zfnv, mfodvh W�ˆwfv bfmfp zflfq jsvdYstb. (zf} iamcJ, ƒv} 1/257)

nnmmqq iiffvv rrsstt zzffppffbb bfmfspv nmq hfjD Kfjst ˆhQ zfpfsbv pKf nmq ifv rsq sost Jch slvDsk rstW zfpfb dlsqƒ bfmfp iVsk rsh. zhwA oafsm hf wrsv zbAfbA mndusl zfpfb rsq Kfjst sp mndusl zfpfb dlsk Jch slvD rsq sosY sn mndusl zfpfb bf dlstW ytsh. ksh slvD nfmfbA rst zfpfb slWqfƒ …Ùm. dj§Â�oafsm�ˆ�YfVf zbA mndul bf Kfjst Jch slvD rsq sostW zfpfb slWqf uv¢vD. (I} ƒhsb hfp, dvnftfkcb ƒtf mczfpXdpb 67ix}, kcƒ} 77ix})


53

JJffnn mmddrrttffmmrrsstt mmddrrttffssllvv zzffppffbb WW ƒƒjjffmmkk rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv zfpfb W ƒjfmk slWqfv hAfifsv hdBGk rflDn nrDr bq. zhwA hfƒrfjDsk zfsY, zfmXv dhb zfhD nftfmfr hstb, zfdm nWhfbsj duÎfnf jvtfm sp, `smsqvf dj�ƒjfmk dlsk ifsv?' …Ùsv dkdb k]fv dikf rsk hBGbfv jKf�…sïJ jsv htstb, `mjùt hstsYb, pdl mdrtfvf zfpfb-ƒjfmk slq ksh kf zfIpt. zfv pdl wcLc ƒjfmk slq, ksh kfW psKó.' nWhfb hstb, pcrvD …vWqf rsk ˆhQ dkdb rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) rsk hBGbf jsvsYb sp, dkdb (zfsqwf) hstsYb, `zfmvf dhbf ƒjfmskƒ bfmfp iVkfm.' (ˆv nblde rfnfb.) ƒmfm hfƒrfjD hstb, `iaKsmfÙÁ�zfnfsvv nfsK -pdl�ˆƒ zfnfv nrDr rq kfrst …Hsqv msLA- iv±iv dhsvfdLkf sbƒ. jfvB, rsk ifsv sp, ufsqp hBGbfv …sÜswA dkdb�…Hq iajfsvv zfmt (jJsbf�ˆv™i, jJsbf ‰v™i) jsvsYb. zfv zfïfrƒ zdLj ufsbb.' zfïfmf zfthfbD hstb, ˆ hAfifsv ndEj zdHmk rt bhfh dnÜDj rfnfb Jfsbv; dkdb hstsYb, `---zfv iajfw sp, mdrtfvf zfmst icv¢Nslv mkƒ. jfvB, mdrtfvf icv¢Nslv nsrflvf. icv¢Nslvsj pf jvsk zfslw rq, sn zfslw mdrtfslv …isvW hkGfq. i[f§Àsv kfslv is[ zfpfb-ƒjfmk Wqfsuh bf rWqfv hAfifsv sjfb oarBspfoA ltDt sbƒ. zfpfb bf Kfjfv hAfifsv hdBGk rflDsnv nbslv djYc hBGbfjfvD idvkAÙÁ;�pfslv rflDn ltDtspfoA bq. nckvfQ mdrtfslvsj nfLfvB�ˆ�dbslGw sKsj Jfdvu jvfv mk sjfb dbHGvspfoA ltDt Kfjst …Ùm; bsy{ WvfW icv¢Nslv mkƒ.' (zfv-vWpfkcb bfdlqAfr 1/79, dnp} 2/271)

UUVV--hhxxddóóvv nnmmqq zzffppffssbbvv ddhhsswwNN wwèè UV-hxdó�hf zdkdvÙÁ�Efàfv nmq mndul zfnsk jó�rst mczfpXdpb zfpfsb dbmdtdJk wè zdkdvÙÁ�htsh, `rfƒqAf zftfn n¶tfr' W `---Iftfr'v idvhskG}-

�@E8=�+�&� �1��!�'z+�א) (n¶ïC ID hcqCdkjcm). (hc} 901, mc} 699bQ)

zKhf �"�1א ��لא <(E� (zfnXn¶tf-kc dIdvGrft). (hc} 616bQ) zKhf pKfdbqsm zfpfb slWqfv swsN}-

��!�'z+�א)1א ��ل�� (zftf n¶ïC dIdvGrft). (hc} 632, mc} 697bQ)

zKhf ��@E8 ��1��!�'z+�א)�� (zftf n¶ïC ID dvrf-dtjcm). (hc} 632, mc} 697bQ)

zKhf ج�� "�( ��A �/�Cو� � (zmfb j¶fzflf Iftf rfvfu). (ƒzfwf}, hf} 1/398, dnn}


54

2605bQ) ˆÈstfv zKG rt, `swfsbf! skfmvf dbu dbu hfnfq bfmfp isV bfW. ufmfzfsk�rfduv bf rst sjfb slfN sbƒ.

kkffrrffÏÏccll WW ssnnrrvvDD hhff nnffrrffvvDDvv zzffppffbb�� mrfbhD � hstb, dhtft vfsk (Iusvv iCshG) zfpfb slq. nckvfQ ƒhsb …s©m mfjkCm (Iusvv) zfpfb bf slWqf ipG§À skfmvf JfW W ifb jv.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 680bQ) …ÙÁ�rflDn�äfvf iamfdBk rq sp, Iusvv iCshG kfrfÏcl W snrvDv zfpfb mrfbhD��ˆv pcso iaydtk dYt�ˆhQ zfuW ipG§À sn ncâk mÄf-mlDbf nr n†lD zfvshv iafq njt ²¿fsb snrvDv�‰�zfpfb (dhswN jsv vmpfsb) wcbsk ifWqf pfq. i[f§Àsv zfmfslv slsw iafq njt ²¿fsb�‰�nmsq zfpfsbv idvhskG swfbf pfq jcvzfb W out ifE! nckvfQ�ˆ�jKf db}ns¦lsr htf pfq sp, ncâskv ufqof lJt jsvsY mboVf dhlzfk. zsbsj hst Kfsjb, …Hq nmsq zfpfb rst stfsjvf softmfst iVsh; snef snrvDv bf Iusvv zfpfb -ˆ dbsq ns¦lsr iVsh. dj§Â�ixKj ixKj�…Hq nmsqv ubA dbdlGó�lc'ub mczfpXdpb zfpfb dlst softmfstv Hq Kfsj bf. kf YfVf snrvDv zfpfsb ��א 2<�"��Eb�2�&�OC�2/�א 9�2+�م wè Kfjsh bf. zkˆh njt iajfv Wuv-zfidÙ�kAfo jsv

dhlzfk huGb jvsk�ˆhQ ncâfrv …iv zfmt jvsk zfïfr zfmfslv kWIDj dlb. zfmDb.

nn§§ÀÀffbb HHCCddmmôô��rrsstt zzffppffbb zfhC vfsI' hstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt � sj slsJdY, Ifskmf (vf}) rfnfb dhb zftDsj ianh jvst dkdb k]fv (rfnfsbv) jfsb bfmfspv zfpfb dlstb. (zflf} 5105, dk} 1566, dm} 4157 bQ) nckvfQ sYst-smsq njstv jfsb ‰ nmq bfmfspv ubA zfpfb slWqfv mkƒ zfpfb slWqf ncâk. (mkf§Àsv rflDnde pqDI, zkˆh ˆ nmq zfpfb ncâk bq.) i[f§Àsv Ffb jfsb zfpfb ˆhQ hfm jfsb ƒjfmk dlst `…©mcn dnhqAfb' (HCk, i]syf (?) hf ˆj iajfv svfo) sjfb [dk jvsk bf ifvfv rflDnde uft. (dnp} 321bQ, nuf} 5881, ƒo} 1174bQ)

ddduuubbb---HHHCC Cssskkkvvv HHHsssqqq zzzfffpppfffbbb wqkfb dub mfbcNsj Hq slJfq. Hq sisq zfpfb dlst dub hf wqkfb hf HCk nh ifdtsq pfq.


55

ncrfƒt hstb, ˆjlf zfmfv zfêf zfmfsj hbD rfsvnfq ifEfb. zfmfv nsÌ�dYt�ˆj nÌD.�ˆj hfofb rsk sj spb bfm Lsv zfmfv nÌDsj Ffj dlt. zfmfv nÌD hfofsb J]csu slJt; dj§Â�jf…sj slJsk sit bf. dIsv ˆst zfêfv dbje sn jKf …sïJ jvtfm. zfêf htstb, pdl ufbkfm sp, kcdm ˆƒ slJsk ifsh, kfrst skfmfsj ifEfkfm bf. ksh swfb! pJb (ˆƒ Lvsbv) sjfb wè wcbsh, kJb bfmfspv mk zfpfb dlW. jfvB, zfdm zfhC ùvfƒvf sj zfïfrv vnCt � rsk rflDn hBGbf jvsk wcsbdY, dkdb hstsYb, ªbfmfspv zfpfb slWqf rst wqkfb iflsk iflsk ifdtsq pfq!« (mc} 389bQ)

zzzfffpppfffsssbbbvvv iiivvv mmmnnnddduuulll sssKKKsssjjj ssshhhvvv rrrWWWqqqfff zfpfb rsq sost dhbf Wusv bfmfp bf isV mndul sKsj shv rsq pfWqf ShL bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªmndusl zh²¿fbjfst zfpfb rstƒ skfmfslv sj… spb bfmfp bf iVf ipG§À mndul sKsj shv bf rq.« (zf}, dm} 1074 bQ) ˆj hAdÙÁ�zfpfsbv iv mndul rsk shv rsq sost zfhC�ùvfƒvf kfv iadk ƒdÌk jsv htstb,�`ˆ�stfjef skf zfhct jfsnm��ˆv bfIvmfbD jvt.' (mc}, zflf} 536 bQ, dk}, ƒmf}, lf}, hf}) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁv mndusl Kfjf zh²¿fq zfpfb rq, zk}iv dhbf sjfb iasqfusb shv rsq pfq ˆhQ dIsv zfnfv ƒ¤Yf bf vfsJ sn hAdÙÁ mcbfdIj.« (ƒmf}, nkf} 157bQ)

zzffppffbb WW ƒƒjjffmmsskkvv mmffssUU hhAAhhLLffbb zfpfb W ƒjfmskv mfsU jkef dhvdk Kfjsh sn hAfifsv rflDn wvDsI sjfb ±ió�ƒdÌk W�…sïJ ifWqf pfq bf. ksh zfpfb rq ufmfzfk Ffjfv ubA. zfv ˆefƒ öfHfdhj sp, zfpfsbv iv zsbsj Wpc jvsh. nckvfQ Wpc jvfv mk nmq dlsk rsh. kfYfVf Ivp bfmfspv iCshG sp ncâfsk vfskhfr hf mczfÄflfr zfsY kfW iVfv ubA nmq dlsk rsh. mrfbhD � hstb,�ªiaskAj zfpfb W�ƒjfmskv mfsU bfmfp zfsY.« ˆƒv™i dkbhfv htfv iv swsN htstb, ªsp yfƒsh kfv ubA.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 662bQ) mfosvshv zfpfsbv isvW nk¶v ufmfzfk wcv¢ jvf …dyk bq. pdlW nmq nQjDBG khcW ufmfzfk rWqfv iCshG bfmfp zfsY. nckvfQ pfv snƒ bfmfp iVfv ƒ¤Yf kfsj snƒ bfmfp iVsk nmq slWqf …dyk. zfbfn hstb, zfmvf mlDbfq dYtfm. mczfpXdpb pJb mfosvshv zfpfb dlk, kJb stfsjvf iadkspfdokfv nfsK mnduslv JfìfÈstfv iÇyfsk 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVsk stso spk.�ˆmbdj pdl sjfb zufbf stfj�ˆsn mndusl iashw jvk, kfrst�ˆk


56

stfsjv bfmfp iVf slsJ sn msb jvk, rqskf mfosvshv ufmfzfk rsq sosY. (ˆhQ Wvf isvv ncâk iVsY.) (mc}, dm} 1180 bQ)

zzffppffbb WW ƒƒjjffmmsskkvv mmffssUU llcczzff zfpfb rWqfv iv ˆhQ ƒjfmk rWqfv iCshGv nmsq lczf jhct rsq Kfsj. kfƒ ˆƒ nmq lcdbqf W zfsJvfskv mÌt zfïfrv dbje iafKGbf jvf …dyk. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfpfb W ƒjfmskv mfsU lczf vÜX jvf rq bf.« (zKGf{ mÓcv jvf rq.) (zf}, zflf} 521bQ, dk}) ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, ªnckvfQ skfmvf ˆ nmsq lczf jv.« (nuf} 3405 bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªlc'de nmsq lczf (iafKGbf)jfvDv lczf vÜX rq bf; pJb bfmfspv�ƒjfmk rq ˆhQ durfslv jfkfsv.« (rf}, mf}, nkf} 260 bQ)

ƒƒjjffmmkk spmb lcƒ mczfpXdpsbv zfpfb lcƒ vjm dYt, skmdb …Hsqv ƒjfmkW dYt lcƒ vjm; sufV ˆhQ dhsufV. dhtft sj zfpfb Fht Fht wsè ˆhQ ƒjfmk `j¶fl j¶f-mfdkn ntf-r' YfVf (zbAfbA) hfjAfhtDsj ˆjj ˆjj wsè htsk zfslw jvf rsqdYt. (hc}, mc} iamcJ, dm} 641 bQ) nckvfQ dhtfstv …ÙÁ rflDsnv dHdÙsk ƒjfmk rsh 9de hfsjA; `j¶fl j¶fmfdkn nftfr 2hfv ˆhQ hfjD rsh 1 hfv jsv. (mcm} 2/59) dj§Â zfècïfr dhb pfqlsj ösi dwJfsbf rsqdYt dbm´v™i ƒjfmk, zfv ˆefƒ iadnÝ}-

.��E5א��.��E5א�،��"��א��]�+�ل�א5،��1�$�'�;א <#��C��Nא،5��h>��ن�?�� ?N��،��h>��ن� �Nא5،�?�� ?��،��.��E5א��.��E5א�،��"�א <l�C��A��A،��"�א <l�C��A��A،|�"�: א;�'�$�1��

zfïfù zfjhfv 2 hfv. zfwrflc zft tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr 1 hfv. zfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflfv vfnCtcïfr 1 hfv. rfƒqAf zftfn n¶tfr 1 hfv. rfƒqAf zftft Iftfr 1 hfv. j¶fl j¶fmfdkn n¶tfr (zKGf{ bfmfp iadkôf hf wcv¢ rt) 2 hfv. zfïfù zfjhfv 2hfv ˆhQ tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr 1 hfv. (zflf} 499, lf} 1171, ƒJc} 370, ƒdr} 1671bQ, hf} 1/391) …sïJA sp,�pfvf mczfpXdpb zfhC mfrpCvfv mk kfvuD' zfpfb slq, kfslv�…dyk k]fv mkƒ ƒjfmk slWqf. dkdb hstb, `mrfbhD � k]fsj zfpfsbv 19de ˆhQ ƒjfmskv 17de hfjA dwdJsqsYb.' (zf}, zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, lf}, dm} 644bQ) nckvfQ k]fv ƒjfmk dYt dhtft ˆv zfpfsbv mkƒ. ksh kfsk `rfƒqAf zftft Iftfr' ˆv iv zdkdvÙÁ�dYt `j¶fl j¶fmfdkn n¶tfr' 2 hfv. (zflf} 502bQ) ƒmfm ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr (v}) hstb, zfrst rflDn W k]fslv nmKGjslv dbje ndEj


57

dnÝf§À ˆƒ sp, mrfbhD � rsk pf djYc wcÝHfsh iamfdBk zfsY kfv iaskAjefv�…iv zfmt jvsk rsh. zfv k]fvf�‰�zfmstv sjfbdesjW ziY¦l jsvb bf. sjb bf, zfpfb W ƒjfmskv iÝdk�ˆjfdLj rWqfv hAfifvef dj¶vfzfk, kfwfrXùl iaHxdkv iÝdk�ˆjfdLj rWqfv mkƒ.' (mfumC… IfkfWqf 22/335, 22/66) nckvfQ …Hq iajfvƒ zfpfb W ƒjfmk zfmtspfoA. zfv ShL bq ˆ dbsq jflf Y]cVfY]cdV. iajfw Kfsj sp, Hcst ƒjfmk bf dlsq (ˆjfjD zKhf ufmfzfkD) bfmfp isV sItst bfmfspv sjfb [dk rq bf. ƒjfmk bfmfp rsk ixKj dudbn. zkˆh ‰ Hcstv ubA nù dnulf dhsLq bq. (kcƒ} 78ix})

ƒƒjjffmmsskkvv uuWWqqffhh ƒjfmksj däkDq zfpfb htf rq, kfƒ ƒjfmkW ˆj iajfv zfpfb. (Iƒ} 1/249) nckvfQ ˆv uWqfhW zfpfsbv mkƒ. zhwA `rfƒqAf zftfn ntf-r' W `--Iftfr' ˆv uWqfsh `tf rf…tf ztf j¶cWqfkf ƒïf dhïfr' ˆhQ swsN (nmq sist) lv™l W znDtfv lczf ifE jvf dhsLq. spsrkc rflDn wvDsI mczfpXdpsbv uWqfh (kfv mkƒ) htsk ˆhQ kfv swsN lv™l W znDtfv lczf iVsk zfmfslvsj zfslw jvf rsqsY. (mc}, dm} 657bQ) …ÙÁ�rflDsnv dHdÙskƒ `j¶fl j¶fmfdkn n¶tfr' ˆv uWqfsh `j¶fl j¶fmfdkn n¶tfr'ƒ htsk rsh. bsy{ ˆv uWqfsh `zfj¶fmfùïfù zzflfmfrf' htfv rflDn wcÝ�bq. zfv pqDI rflDnsj dHdÙ�jsv wvDqskv sjfb zfmt W ƒhflk ShL bq. (slJcb, dm}, zfthfbDv eDjf 1/121) (mkf§Àsv spsrkc ƒjfmskv uhfsh sjfb ±ió nrDr rflDn sbƒ, kfƒ ƒjfmskv uhfh slWqf ncâk bq. zïfù zf'tfm.)

ƒƒjjffmmkk ssjj ssllsshh?? ƒmfm W mcÙÁflDosBv msLA sp sj… ƒjfmk dlsk ifsv. sp zfpfb dlsqsY kfvƒ ƒjfmk slWqf uv¢vD bq. zfv ˆ hAfifsv sp rflDn ˆsnsY kf wcÝ�bq. (dnp} 35bQ) pqDI rflDnsj dHdÙ�jsvƒ hù ²¿fsb mczfpXdpb YfVf zbA sj… ƒjfmk dlst kfv iadk syfJ skftf rq! zfhfv ˆv sysq zfsvf dhn¹sqv jKf ˆƒ sp, Jfdt mfKfq ƒjfmk dlst zsbj ufqofq ƒjfmk icbvfq dIdvsq htf rq! jfvB, kfslv dbje zfpfb, ƒjfmk, bfmfp, phfƒ iaHxdkv nmq eciD bf rstW kftifkf hf i½fndesjv Ffdt, bsy{ of-smfYf ofmYf, bkchf bfj-smfYf v¢mft zKhf zbA djYc dlsq mfKf Tfjf uv¢vD!! iajfw sp, ƒmfmsj …id²¿k bf slJf ipG§À ƒjfmk slWqf dhsLq bq. (mc}, zflf} 537bQ)


58

ƒƒjjffmmkk WW bbffmmffpp ððvv¢¢ jjvvffvv mmffssUU hhAAhhLLffbb zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªbfmfspv ƒjfmk rsq sost skfmvf zfmfsj bf slJf ipG§À (bfmfspv ubA) l]fVfW bf.« (hc} 637bQ) spmb ƒjfmk rsq sost kfVfùsVf jsv l]fVfsbfW …dyk bq. jfvB …ÙÁ�rflDsnv�ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstb,�ªskfmfslv mfsU spb LDvkf W wf§ÀHfh Kfsj.« (‰ 638bQ) spsrkc vfufdLvfsuv lvhfsv sjfb iajfsvv Sr-ùsïfV W kfVfùsVf yst bf. htf hfùtA ˆƒ lvhfsv Kfjsh wk zflh, wk dhbq, LDvkf W d²¿vkf. ùmfƒl hstb, zfdm nfshk zft-hcbfbDsj ƒjfmskv iv jKfhfkGf htfv ShLkfv hAfifsv iaw jvst dkdb zfbfn jkGxj hdBGk rflDn wcbfstb; `ˆjlf bfmfspv ƒjfmk rsq sost ˆj hAdÙÁ�bhD � sj bfmfsp iashw jvsk zfesj svsJdYt.' (hc} 643bQ) `mnduslv ˆj iafs§À sofisb jKf htsk tfost …id²¿k mcnïDoB Ocsm Tst isVdYt.' (‰ 642bQ) ˆjlf bfmfspv ƒjfmk rsq sost mcnïDoB jfkfv snfuf jsv l]fdVsq dosqdYt. zfïfrv vnCt � ùuvf rsk shv rsq pJb ƒmfmdkv ufqofq ˆstb, kJb k]fv msb iVt sp, dkdb bfifjDv sofnt jsvb db. dkdb njstv …sÜswA htstb,�ªskfmvf�ö²¿fsb làfqmfb Kfj.« zk}iv dkdb ùuvfq dIsv dosq sofnt jvstb. dkdb pJb shv rsq ˆstb, kJb k]fv mfKf rsk ifdb eijfd¤Yt. ˆviv dkdb ƒmfmdk jsv bfmfp iVstb. (‰ 640bQ) …ÙÁ�rflDn sKsj�ˆ�jKf hcUf pfq sp, iasqfusb�ƒjfmk W bfmfspv mfsU shw djYc nmq dhvdk rst sjfb [dk rq bf. iv§Â�ƒjfmk dIdvsq htsk rq bf. ƒjfmk rWqfv iv sjfb uv¢vD jKf, bfmfp W jfkfv dhNqj jKf htf ShL. ksh bfmfspv ia²Âdk sbWqfv iv sjfb ifdKGh jKf htf�…dyk bq. (Iƒ} 1/251) ƒjfmk wcv¢ rst ˆhQ ƒmfm …id²¿k Kfjst iaskAsj dbsuv ncdhLfmk�…sE bfmfspv ubA làfqmfb rsh. ƒjfmskv wcv¢sk, mfsU hf swsN, sp sjfb nmsq l]fVfstƒ ytsh. ksh ˆ jKfv sJqft zhwAƒ vfJf …dyk, pfsk ƒmfsmv nfsK kjhDsv kfrvDmf Ycse bf pfq. (mcm} 3/10)

mmmnnnddduuulll WWW bbbfffmmmfffppp iiiVVVfffvvv uuufffqqqooofff mrfbhD � hstb, ª---zfv nfvf ixdKhDsj zfmfv ubA mndul (bfmfspv ufqof) ˆhQ idhÛkfv�…ijvB hfdbsq slWqf rsqsY. nckvfQ zfmfv�…©mskv msLA sp hAdÙÁv dbje sp sjfb�²¿fsb bfmfspv nmq ˆsn …id²¿k rsh , sn spb snJfsbƒ bfmfp isV sbq.« (hc} 438bQ, mcndtm iamcJ)


59

jhv²¿fb W sofntJfbf YfVf nfvf ixdKhDv (nm²À ufqofƒ) mndul (bfmfp W dnulfv ²¿fb). (zflf}, dk}, lf}, dm} 737bQ) ˆjlf zfhC pfvG mrfbhD � sj duÎfnf jvstb, ixdKhDsk nhGiaKm sjfbX mndul�²¿fdik rq?�…Ùsv dkdb htstb,�ªrfvfm (jf'hfv) mndul.«�zfhC pfvG htstb, kfviv sjfbXde? dkdb htstb, ªkfviv mndulct zfjnf.« zfhC pfvG htstb, lcƒ mndul ²¿fisbv mfsU hAhLfb jk dYt? dkdb htstb,�ªydïw hYv. zfv swfb, nfvf ixdKhD skfmfv ubA mndul. nckvfQ spJfsbƒ bfmfspv nmq ˆsn …id²¿k rsh, snJfsbƒ bfmfp isV sbsh.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 753bQ) dbdmGk oxr mndul YfVf zbA ²¿fsbW bfmfp iVfv ShLkf�…©msk mcrf©mfdlqfv ubA ˆj ök§Ã�ShdwóA.

mmnndduussllvv mmffrrffkk¹¹AA mrfb zfïfr hstb, ��W' ��,��L�# א� (zKGf{, zfv mndulnmCr zfïfrv.(jc} 72/18 ��و��ن

mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfïfrv dbje ixdKhDv hcsj nhsysq swaôkm ²¿fb rt mndul�ˆhQ nhsysq dbjxókm�²¿fb rt hfufv.« (mc}, dm} 696bQ)

mmffrrffkk¹¹AAiiCCBBGG yyffvvddee mmnndduull mrfbhD � hstb, ªdkbde mndul YfVf zfv sjfb ²¿fb dpqfvskv ubA nIv jvf pfsh bf; mndulct rfvfm, mndulct zfjnf W zfmfv�ˆƒ mndul (bhhD).« (hc},mc} dm} 693) dkdb hstb, ªmndulct rfvfm YfVf zbAfbA mnduslv kctbfq zfmfv ˆƒ mndusl (bhhDsk) ˆjde bfmfp rfufv bfmfp zsi[f swaô.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 692bQ) ªzfv zbAfbA mnduslv kctbfq mndulct rfvfsmv ˆjde bfmfp ˆj t[ bfmfp zsi[f swaô.« (zf}, hf}, nuf} 3838, 3841 bQ) iajfw sp, ˆƒ IpDtk mdrtfslv ubA bq. jfvB, kfslv ubA öoxsr bfmfp iVfƒ …Ùm. spmb bIt hf ncâk bfmfspW …ÙÁ�nWqfh sbƒ, sjbbf, ncâk hf bIt bfmfp Osv iVfƒ zfIpt. zKhf mÄf W mlDbfv mdrtfslv ubA kfslv�öoxsr�ˆhQ�‰�²¿fbäsq ncâk W bIt bfmfp Osv iVfv IpDtk zfsvf zdLj. zïfù zf'tfm. mndusl bhhDv ˆjde dhswN ufqofv jKf …sïJ jsv mrfbhD hstb, ªzfmfv oxr W (zfmfv mnduslv) dmìsvv mfsU shsrsñv�ˆj hfofb vsqsY. zfv zfmfv dmìv vsqsY zfmfv rWspv�…iv.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 694bQ) jchfv mndul nìsá�mrfbhD � hstb,�ªsp hAdÙÁ�öoxsr Wpc hfdbsq jchfv mndusl�ˆsn sjfb bfmfp isV, kfv�ˆjde�…mvfr jvfv nmfb nWqfh tfH rq.« (zf}, bf}, rf},


60

hf}, nuf} 6154 bQ) iaKm djhtf mndulct zfjnfq bfmfp iVst 500 hf 1000 bfmfspv nWqfshv jKf sjfb nrDr rflDsn zfsn db. (kfdm} 293-294ix}) zhwA ˆj hBGbfq ifWqf pfq sp, rpvk nctfƒmfb � pJb ‰ mndul dbmGfB swN jsvdYstb, kJb zfïfrv dbje lczf jsvdYstb sp, sp hAdÙÁ�sjhtmfÛ�bfmfspv�…sÜswAƒ ‰ mndusl …id²¿k rsh, sn hAdÙÁ�spb�‰�dlbjfv mk db°ifi rsq dIsv zfsn, spdlb kfv mf kfsj ianh jsvdYt. (nbf} 669, ƒmf} 1408 bQ) zfv ˆj hBGbfmsk kfsk 250 bfmfspv nWqfh zfsY. mrfbhD � hstb, ªhfqkct mfjdln zsi[f zfmfv ˆƒ mndusl bfmfp yfvÈB�…Ùm. zfv kf rt swaô bfmfspv ²¿fb.« (rf} 4/509, hf} ðzfhct�„mfb, k¶f, dnn} 6/2/954)

mmmnnnddduuulll dddbbbmmmGG G fffsssBBBvvv IIIpppDDDtttkkk zfïfrv bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfïfrv (n§Âdó�tfsHv)�…sÜswA�ˆjde mndul dbmGfB jsv slq, zfïfr kfv ubA shsrsñ�ˆjde Ov hfdbsq slb.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 697bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfïfrv n§Âdó�tfsHv zfwfq ifdJv hfnfv mk zKhf kfv sysqW sYfe zfjfsvv�ˆjde mndul hfdbsq slq, zfïfr kfv ubA shsrsñ�ˆjde oxr dbmGfB jsv slb.« (ƒmf}, nuf} 6128 bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ dkdkv ifJDv (sifjfmfjV sJ]fufv …sÜswA) zf]yVfsbf ²¿fb idvmfB zfqksbv zKhf klsi[f sYfe zfjfsvv mndul dbmGfB jvsh zfïfr kfv ubA ufâfsk ˆjde oxr dbmGfB jvshb.« (ƒJc}, nkf} 265bQ) zfv mrfb zfïfr hstb,

��2�n=�@�<�&2�<'�=N�b,��2ل��و�א{!��2ل��2و��k � ��<�&(�� ~��L��#�[א��<�& �&�+�rJ��ذن�אE5��ن�=��)��Uو��6.��)�N'�*�4�=�C�+��ن��+E(��]��.�Q אو�?��4(��"� �&�bU$�/�ذ.��א5و�?��Aم�א <��א *�B�+E'Eو�א�� <��و��&(��

zKGf{, zfïfr sp nh oxrsj (mpGflfq) …âDk jvfv ˆhQ snÈstfsk k]fv bfm n¹vB jvfv zfslw dlsqsYb, snJfsb njft-náfq k]fv idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jsv�ˆmb stfsjvf; pfslvsj hAhnf-hfdBuA W�ÛÁq-dhÛÁq zfïfrv n¹vB, bfmfp jfsqm ˆhQ pfjfk ialfb jvf rsk dhvk vfsJ bf. kfvf Hq jsv snƒ dlbsj, spdlb z§Àv W lxdónmCr HDdk-dhr¶t rsq iVsh. (jc} 24/36-37)

mmnndduussll ppffWWqqffvv mmffrrffkk¹¹AA diaq bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�njft zKhf náAfq mndusl pfq, kfv ubA zfïfr smrmfbDv …ijvB ia²Âk jsvb. pJbƒ sn snJfsb pfq, kJbƒ kfv ubA ‰ smrmfbDv


61

…ijvB ia²Âk jvf rq.« (hc} 662, mc} 669bQ) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªicv¢sNv öoxsr hf kfv hAhnfs[sÛ bfmfp iVfv sysq (mndusl) ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq bfmfp iVfv nWqfh i]dyw ocB shdw. sjb bf, sp pJb nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv sjht mfÛ bfmfp iVfv …sÜswAƒ mnduslv isK shv rq kJb ytfmfÛ iaskAj ils[siv dhdbmsq kfsj ˆj-ˆjde mpGflfq …âDk jvf rq ˆhQ kfv ˆj-ˆjde sofbfr smfyb jvf rq. zk}iv bfmfp zflfq n©iâ jsv pk[B sn bfmfspv ²¿fsb hsn Kfsj kk[B dIdvwkfhoG kfv ubA lczf jvsk Kfsj; `sr zfïfr Wv iadk jv¢Bf hNGB jv. sr zfïfr! Wsj [mf jv. zfv sn hAdÙÁ pk[B bfmfspv zsi[f jsv kk[B spb bfmfspv zh²¿fskƒ Kfsj.« (hc} 647bQ, mc} 649bQ, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}) dkdb hstb, ªzájfsv zdLjfdLj mnduslv isK pfkfqfkjfvDslvsj djqfmk dlhsnv idviCBG suAfdkv ncnQhfl lfW.« (zflf}, dk}, nkf} 310bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb ªsp hAdÙÁ sjfb Ivp bfmfp zflfsqv …sÜswA öoxsr sKsj Wpc jsv (mnduslv dlsj) shv rq snƒ hAdÙÁv nWqfh rq ƒrvfm hf]Lf rfuDv bAfq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ sjhtmfÛ yfsñv bfmfp iVfv …sÜswAƒ shv rq, kfv nWqfh rq …mvfjfvDv nmfb. ˆj bfmfspv iv ziv bfmfp; sp lcsqv mfsU sjfb znfv (ifdKGh) dÛÁqfjtfi bf Kfsj kf ˆmb zfmt pf ƒdïqADsb (n{stfsjv n{jmGfdl dtdihÝ jvfv dbhá oas§¿) dtdihÝ jvf rq.« (zflf}, nkf} 315bQ) ªdkb hAdÙÁ�zfïfrv pfmfbsk; ˆslv msLA ˆjub rt snƒ hAdÙÁ�sp mndusl pfq. mvB ipG§À sn zfïfrv pfmfbsk Kfsj. zk}iv dkdb kfsj shsrsñ�iashw jvfb. zKhf kfsj kfv iafå�nWqfh W sbjDv nfsK (kfv hfdV) dIdvsq slb.« (zflf}, dm} 727bQ) ªbfmfsp nWqfshv dlj sKsj nhsysq hV snƒ hAdÙÁ,�pfv (hfdV sKsj mnduslv dlsj) ytfv iK nhsysq lCsvv.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 699bQ) mndusl bhhDv zfswifsw djYc ufqof Jfdt isVdYt. hbD nfstmfr mnduslv ifsw (‰ Jfdt ufqofq) Ov hfbfhfv ƒ¤Yf jvt. ˆ Jhv zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv dbje si]ZYst dkdb kfslvsj htstb, ªzfdm wcbtfm sp, skfmvf skfmfslv iCshGv Ov-hfdV sYsV mnduslv ifsw ˆsn hnhfn jvsk yf¤Y.« kfvf htt, `r]Af, sr zfïfrv vnCt! ˆ vjmƒ ƒ¤Yf zfmvf jsvdY.' dkdb htstb, ªsr hbD nfstmfr! skfmvf skfmfslv ‰ hfdVskƒ Kfj. (lCv rstW, mndul zfnfv Ist) skfmfslv ifsqv dyrÁ�(skfmfslv sbjDv Jfkfq) dtdihÝ�jvf rsh.«�ˆv™i dkdb lc'hfv htstb. (mc}, dm} 700bQ)

mmnndduussllvv iiaaddkk zzffnnddÙÙÁÁ��WW kkKKffqq zzhh²²¿¿ffssbbvv IIppDDttkk


62

mrfb zfïfr hstb, ��و��O}אو�א &�+�م�5� �/�CR�/�C��א5,��L�C��#��#�3�?،�5אN��.��و� �@��[��?�Q א;�=Rو��"��Aم�א <

�/��/�א #�>��4C�3+�א�+E8� �)��;�L�Eو ��D��ن�� zKGf{, db}ns¦lsr kfvfƒ zfïfrv mndul zfhfl jvsh, pfvf zfïfrsk W ivjfst „mfb vfsJ, bfmfp jfsqm jsv, pfjfk ialfb jsv, zfv zfïfr YfVf zbA jf…sj Hq jsv bf. zfwf jvf pfq, kfvf n{iKiafåslv ltHcÙÁ�rsh. (jc} 9/18) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªzfïfr kfzftf nfk hAdÙÁsj snƒ dlsb k]fv (zfvswv) Yfqf lfb jvshb spdlb k]fv Yfqf hAkDk zfv sjfb Yfqf Kfjsh bf; (kfvf rt,) bAfq ivfqB hflwfr (vfóºsbkf), snƒ pchj pfv spZhb zfïfr zfppf zufïfv ƒhflsk zdkhfdrk rq, snƒ hAdÙÁ pfv z§Àv mndul nmCsrv nfsK tesj Kfsj (mnduslv iadk kfv mb nlf zfjxó Kfsj.) snƒ lcƒ hAdÙÁ pfvf zfïfrv n§ÂdótfsHv …sÜswA háck¶ W Hfstfhfnf ²¿fib jsv; pfvf ˆƒ Hfstfhfnfv …iv dmdtk rq ˆhQ ˆƒ Hfstfhfnfv …isvƒ dyvdhd¤Yâ (kfslv mxkcA) rq. snƒ hAdÙÁ pfsj sjfb jctjfdmbD nc¦lvD (zShL spZb-dmtsbv …sÜswA) zfr¶fb jsv dj§Â sn hst, `zfdm zfïfrsj Hq jdv. snƒ hAdÙÁ sp lfb jsv sofib jsv; ˆmbdj kfv Ffb rfk pf ialfb jsv kf kfv hfm rfk ipG§ÂW ufbsk ifsv bf. zfv snƒ hAdÙÁ sp dbuGsb zfïfrsj n¹vB jsv; Ist kfv …Hq syfsJ ifdb hsq pfq.« (hc} 660bQ, mc} 1031bQ) ªsjfb hAdÙÁ pJb dpjXv W bfmfspv ubA mndusl zh²¿fb jvf wcv¢ jsv kJbƒ zfïfr kfzftf kfsj dbsq snƒv™i JcwD rb spv™i iahfnD hAdÙÁ dIsv ˆst kfsj dbsq kfv hfdVv stfj JcwD rq.« (ƒzfwf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, rf}, nkf}322bQ) ªmndul iaskAj ivsrpofv (LmGHDv¢) hAdÙÁv Ov. zfv sp hAdÙÁv Ov mndul snƒ hAdÙÁv ubA zfïfr zfvfm, jv¢Bf ˆhQ kfv n§Âdó W ufâfskv iadk ictdnvfk zdkÛÁm jsv pfWqfv lfdqk¶ dbsqsYb.« (k¶fh} jfhDv W zfWnfk¶, hfpXpfv, nkf} 325 bQ) ªpJb skfmfslv msLA sj… dbu Osv Wpc jsv mndusl zfsn, kJb Osv bf dIvf ipG§À sn bfmfspƒ Kfsj. nckvfQ sn spb rfskv zfÌctÈstfv mfsU J]fufJ]fdu bf jsv.« (rf}, dm} 994, dnn} 1294bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ�Wpc jsv mndusl zfsn, sn hAdÙÁ�zfïfrv smrmfb. zfv smuhfsbv lfdqk¶ rt, smrmfsbv Jfdkv jvf.« (dnn} 1169 bQ) sJqft vfJfv jKf sp, ƒ'dkjfsI hnf YfVf zbAfbA dlsb mnduslv msLA bfmfspv ubA sjfb ˆj sjfB hf ²¿fbsj dbdlGó�jvf ShL bq. jfvB, mrfbhD � dbsNL jsvsYb jfsjv lfbf JfWqfv mk (EjXEjX jsv) bfmfp iVsk, bfmfsp drQnau§Âslv mk rfk dhdYsq hnsk�ˆhQ�…e spmb�ˆjƒ ²¿fbsj dbsuv ufqof hfdbsq sbq, skmdb mndusl dbdlGó�ufqof hfbfsk. (zflf}, bf}, lf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, rf}, zf}, dnn} 1168bQ)


63

mmnndduull ppffWWqqffvv zzffllhh iCshG …sïdJk ˆj rflDsn ˆsnsY sp, Wpc jsv mndul pfWqfv nmqW zfÌctnmCsrv mfsU J]fufJ]fdu jvf dbdNÝ.�zbcv™i ˆƒ nmq isK ƒjfmk wcbstW kfVfùsVf jsv hf YcefYcde jsv slZsV pfWqf ShL bq. spsrkc mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf LDv W wf§ÀHfsh (mndusl hf ufmfzfsk) pfW. ƒmfsmv nsÌ�bfmfspv pkecjc zQw ifW kkecjc isV bfW�ˆhQ specjc zQw Ycse pfq kf�ˆjfjD iCBG jsv bfW.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 686 bQ) mndul pfWqfv nmq isK dbsmv lczf iVsk rq}- �<��y�3+��א�1]�#��1�3+��אو�א,��%�)�13�1�3+��אو�א,��%�)��L �1(��1�3+��אو�'�A�1�א,��%�)@�<W' א�

��+�3�1C��C��/C��1�3+��א،و:'�O�/C�%��,א�4�1�3+��א،و��=�/Cو��3+��א�1A�+�(�/C�%��,א�א،و 9�1�3+��אj�$��@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïfù©mfuXzft ID j¶fthD bCvf, zID dtnfbD bCvf, zuXzft ID nfmqD bCvf,zuXzft ID hfnfvD bCvf, zuXzft dmb JftID bCvf, zdmb zfmf-mD bCvf, zuXzft dmb If…j¶D bCvf, zdmb kfrkD bCvf, zfïfù©mf zf'dkbD bCvf. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfmfv r™lq, vnbf, jBG, y[c, iÇyfk, n©mcJ, †L¶G W dbsm´ suAfdk ialfb jv. sr zfïfr! zfmfsj bCv (suAfdk) lfb jv. (hc} 6316, mc} 763 bQ)

mmnndduussll iiaasshhww WW hhffddrrvv rrWWqqffvv nnmmqq llcczzff mrfbhD � pJb mndul iashw jvskb, kJb `dhndmïfr' htskb ˆhQ dbsuv …iv lv™l W nftfm iVskb. zbcv™i shv rWqfv nmqW iVskb. (ƒmf} 771bQ) dkdb ˆƒ nmq dbsmv lczfW iVskb,

�@�&,�/�א ��&��jن�א �C،�@��א *��3��j'�[و�א ��8@�،��<�,�+ &�@�،و��5א �� .��$�+�ذ� …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- zf†pc dhïf-drt zfpDm, zdhzuXdrdrt jfvDm, z nctk¶f-dbdrt jflDm, dmbfw wfqk¶f-dbv vfuDm. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfdm mdrmmq zfïfrv dbje ˆhQ kfv n©mfdbk syrfvf W k]fv iafyDb ivfÛÁsmv znDtfq dhkfdVk wqkfb sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. ˆƒ lczf isV mndul iashw jvst wqkfb hst, `nfvf dlb W zfmfv zdbó�sKsj dbvfiÙf tfH jvt.' (zflf}, dm} 749 bQ)

�L@�א5( (D4�#��Bא�+� ��1�א)�4~� @�<W' א�א5،]�+�ل��$�';م��"�L و�אE��"� .،و�א <…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- dhndmïf-r, znnftf-kc znnftf-mc zftf vfnCdtïf-r, zfïf-ù©mfIX kfrtD


64

zfhWqf-hf vfrmfdkj. zKzKzKzK G- zfïfrv bfm dbsq wcv¢ jvdY, nftfm W lv™l hdNGk srfj zfïfrv vnCstv …iv. sr zfïfr! zfmfv ubA kcdm skfmfv jv¢Bfv lcqfv Jcst lfW.(nuf}1/528,mc}1/494,ƒhbcn ncâD 88) shv rWqfv nmq htskb,

�L@�א5( �"�م�$�)L و�אE��"��D،و�א <'�V�(�/C�DE ��[��1�3�?�@�<W' אא5،ل��+�[��;'. `dhndmïfr' W lv™slv iv ˆ lczfW iVf pfq,

/�א ��&��jنC�19�#�א$�<@�<W' א�. …¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïfù©mf'dnmbD dmbfw wfƒk¶fb. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- sr zfïfr! zfmfsj wqkfb sKsj v[f jv. (bf}, rf}, hf}, ƒdr}, nuf} 514bQ) zfbfn hstb, `ˆj ncâfr (bhD � ˆv kvDjf) ˆƒ sp, pJb kcdm mndul iashw jvsh, kJb Ffb if zfso hfVfsh ˆhQ pJb mndul sKsj shv rsh, kJb hfm if zfso hfVfsh.' (rf} 1/218)

kkffddrrqqAAffkkcctt mmffnndduull bbffmmffpp kfdrqAfkct mfndul hf mndul sntfmDv bfmfp (2 vfjXzfk) mndul iashw jvfv iv hnfv iCshGƒ iVsk rq. ˆv ubA sjfb nmq-znmq sbƒ. diaq bhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sp sj… pJb mndusl iashw jvsh, kJb sn spb hnfv iCshG 2 vfjXzfk bfmfp isV sbq.« zbA ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, ªsn spb 2 vfjXzfk bfmfp iVfv iCshG bf hsn.« (hc}, mc} iamcJ ƒo} 467bQ) ˆƒ lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp hV Èv¢k¶iCBG. kfƒ skf ucmzfv dlsb Jckhf ytfjftDb nmsqW mndusl ˆst rfîf jsv kf isV dbsk rq. (mc}, dm} 1411bQ) zfpfb ytfjfst mndul iashw jvst bf hsn zfpfsbv uWqfh dlsq swN jsv kfviv `kfdrqAfkct mfndul' iVsk rsh. ksh ucmzfv dlb Jckhfv zfpfb rst uWqfh bf dlsq ‰ 2 vfjzfk bfmfp zfpfb ytf zh²¿fq isV dbsk rsh. spsrkc Jckhf swfbf zfsvf uv¢vD. (Iƒ} 1/335) mndusl iashw jsv ncâfsk mczfÄflfr iVsk rst�‰�bfmfp zfv iVsk rq bf. jfvB, kJb�ˆƒ ncâkƒ Wv ²¿tfdHdNÙÁ�W psKó�rq. (mh} 15/67, dtmf} 53/69) spmb rfvfsmv mndusl iashw jsv (dhswN jsv mcrdvsmv ubA) `kfdrqAfkct mfndul' rt kWqfI; 2 vfjzfk ncâk bq. (mh} 6/264-265)

mmnndduull rrsshh iiddhhÛÛ��WW nnccooáámmqq mndul zfïfrv Ov. ƒhflskv ufqof. kf rsh idhÛ�W ncoámq. rpvk zfsqwf


65

(vf}) hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � mrïfq mndul hfbfsk ˆhQ kf idv°jfv W ncoámq jsv vfJsk zfslw jsvsYb.' (zflf} 455 bQ, dk}, ƒmf}, ƒdr} zf}) nfmcvfr dbsuv sYstsj isÛ�dtsJdYstb, `zk}iv hdt sp, zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfslvsj zfmfslv mrïfq mndul hfbfsk, kfv kvmDm jvsk ˆhQ kf idhÛ�vfJsk zfslw jvskb.' (zflf} 456bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªdbÇyqƒ ˆƒ mndulnmCsr sjfb iajfv sbfQvf, siwfh-ifqJfbf (ƒkAfdl mqtf äfvf zidhÛ�jvf) nÌk bq. mndul skf jcvzfb ifE, zfïfrv dpjXv ˆhQ bfmfspv ubA (hfbfsbf rq). (zf}, mc}, nuf} 2268bQ) dkdb mnduslv lvufq siwfh jvsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (nuf} 6813 bQ) mndusl KcKc hf jIX sItf sofbfrv jfu. KcKc ƒkAfdl sbfQvf h²Â�mndul sKsj idv°jfv jvf nWqfshv jfu. (zf}, k¶fh}, nuf} 2885 bQ) spmb ‡kcmkD mdrtf iaHxdk zidhsÛv ubA mndusl�zh²¿fb jvf ShL bq. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1431bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�(j]fyf) di]qfu, vncb hf jcvGfn (Leek) Jfsh, sn spb zfmfslv mndusl zfmfslv dbjehkGD bf rq. sjb bf, sp h²Â�äfvf mfbcN jó�ifq, snƒ h²Âsk dIdvñfvfW jó�sisq Kfsjb.« (mc}, dk}, bf}, nuf} 6089 bQ) htfƒ hfùtA sp, j]fyf di]qfu-vncb zsi[f dhdV-dnofsve, Èt-ulGf, ofdt-kfmfj iaHxdk mfljûshAv lcoGá�zfsvf shwD. nckvfQ kf sJsqW mndusl ˆsn mcnïD kKf zfïfrv dIdvñfslvsj jó�slWqf ShL bq. hvQ�ˆnh h²Â�JfWqfƒ rfvfm ˆhQ kf huGb jvf Wqfsuh. (zflwG idvhfv W idvshw û})

mmnndduussll ppff zzSShhLL 1111.... rfvfsbf dudbn sJ]fuf; mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�jf…sj mndusl kfv rfvfsbf h²Â�sJ]fu jvsk slJsh, sn hAdÙÁ�spb kfsj hst, `zfïfr skfmfv dudbn dIdvsq bf dljX.' jfvB, mndulnmCr ˆ …sÜswA hfbfsbf rqdb.« (mc} 568bQ) 2222.... shyf-sjbf; mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb skfmvf slJsh sp, mndusl sj… djYc shyf-sjbf jvsY, kJb kfsj htsh sp, `zfïfr skfmfv shyf-sjbfq tfH bf dljX.« (dk}, bf}, lf}, dm} 733bQ) 3333.... znfv, hfsu W zw½Dt jdhkf, out hf YVf ifE. zfmXv dhb wczfƒshv dikfmr hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � mndusl zfsifsn jdhkf zfhxdk W shyf-sjbf jvsk, ucmzfv dlb (ucmzfv) bfmfspv iCshG soft rsq hnsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 732bQ)

zhwA ShL swaBDv ƒntfmD out ifE dbdNÝ�bq.�ˆjlf rfnXnfb mndusl jdhkf ifE jvdYstb. rpvk�…mfv iadkhfslv lxdósk k]fv iadk kfjfst dkdb htstb, `zfdm jdhkf ifE jvkfm, zfv kJb mndusl zfibfv sKsj swaô hAdÙÁ�(bhD �)�


66

…id²¿k Kfjskb.' zk}iv dkdb zfhC ùvfƒvfv dlsj t[A jsv htstb, `zfïfrv Wqfs²À htcb, zfidb dj zfïfrv vnCt � sj htsk wcsbsYb, ª(sr rfnXnfb! mcwdvjslvsj) zfmfv kvI sKsj (Wslv jdhkfv) uhfh lfW. sr zfïfr! duhvDt äfvf Wsj nfrfpA jv?«�zfhC�ùvfƒvf htstb, `uD rA]f, (zfdm ˆ jKf wcsbdY). (hc} 453, mc} 2485 bQ) 4444.... Sr-rfïf jvf W …¤yösv jKf htf. (hc}, dm} 744bQ) ˆmb dj sj… bfmfp hf jcvzfb iVst snJfsb nwsè jcvzfb ifEW jvf pfsh bf. ˆjlf mrfbhD � slJstb, stfsjvf bfmfsp sufsv-swfsv jcvzfb ifE jvsY. dkdb htstb, ªmcnïD (bfmfpD) skf zfïfrv nfsK ycdinfsv jKf hst. nckvfQ dj dbsq k]fv nfsK jKf htsY kf t[A jvf lvjfv. zfv skfmvf ˆmb …¤yösv jcvzfb isVf bf, pfsk zisvv bfmfsp hAfOfk Ose.« (zf}, dm} 856bQ) htfƒ hfùtA sp, mnduslv sp iadkshwD zKhf zbA stfj sp (mfƒj, sei, svdFW iaHxdkv) wè hf ofb-hfubf äfvf zKhf sjfb vMX-kfmfwf�äfvf mnduslv idhÛkf-rfdb jsv�ˆhQ mndusl zhd²¿k bfmfpDslv bfmfsp, sktfzsk W zfïfrv dpjXsv hAfOfk W hfLf nxdó�jsv kfv Hq rWqf�…dyk. jfvB, mrfb zfïfrv nfLfvB …dÙÁ�ˆƒ sp,

>��Eو ��D��C.��ن� �>�@��ن�� &�>��א]�#��و�]��;)�1��Oא(��.�6f�ن��א5,��L�C�U�9�C�/�#C�@�'��/�Cوb@�&��$bB�6�$א��O}א1(�@�<� �by�QوO��&�3f� א1(�@�<� ،�/�&:p��ON��?��M�+E'�O��

zKGf{, sp hAdÙÁ�zfïfrv mndusl k]fv bfm n¹vB (dpjXv) jvsk hfLf slq W kfv L¶Qn-nfLsb iaqfnD rq, kfv sysq hV pfstm zfv sj rsk ifsv?« (jc} 2/114) 5555.... rÜX�(ƒntfmD làdhdL; spmb mlsJfvsj yfhcj mfvf, syfsvv rfk jfef, hAdHyfvDsj sjfVf mfvf iaHxdk) jfsqm jvf. mrfbhD � mndusl rÜX jfsqm jvsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (rf} 4/369, zf} 3/434, zflf} 4490, dm} 734 bQ) …sïJA sp, zfLcdbj pcsov smfhfƒt sedtsIfb hf dh½Ifv nsÌ�dbsq mndusl iashw jvfv iCshG kf há�jsv slWqf uv¢vD. jfvB, ˆ nsh sp dvQ hf dm…dusjv wè zfsY kfsk mndulhfnDv dFófhG rsq Kfsj.

mmnndduussll ppff jjvvff SShhLL ˆmb jkj jfu zfsY, sp nìsá�LfvBf rWqf�öfHfdhj sp, kf mndusl jvf rqskf ShL bq. zKy wvDqskv lxdósk kf ShL. spmb; 1111.... äDbD jKfhfkGf, ShL zfstfybf, iasqfubDq nfQnfdvj jKf. ufshv dhb nfmcvfr hstb, `bhD � Iusvv bfmfp isV nCpG bf WEf ipG§À mcnfïf sKsj …Eskb bf. nCpG …sE sost dkdb …sE spskb. ‰ zhnsv stfsjvf zfsifsn jKf htk. htsk htsk kfvf ƒntfm-iChG ufsrdtqfskv jKf wcv¢ jsv dlk. ˆsk kfvf rfnk ˆhQ dkdbW mcydj rfnskb.' (mc} 670bQ)


67

zhwA dbYj lcdbqflfvDv jKf htf ShL bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfsJvD pfmfbfq ˆmb ˆj swaBDv stfj rsh, pfvf mndusl soft-ShEj jsv ifdKGh W nfQnfdvj o¬i-Èuh jvsh. nckvfQ skfmvf kfslv nfsK hsnf bf. jfvB,�ˆmb stfsjslv dbsq zfïfrv sjfb iasqfub sbƒ.« (k¶fh, hf}, dm} 743, dnn} 1163 bQ) 2222.... JfWqf-ifb jvf. zfècïfr dhb rfsvn hstb, `zfmvf vnCt � ˆv zfmst mnduslv dHkv v¢eD W sofñX sJkfm.' (ƒmf} 3300 bQ) sp dudbn JfWqf rfvfm, kf mndusl JfWqf kKf njt ²¿fsbƒ JfWqf rfvfm. mnduslv n©mfb v[fsKG sn nh rfvfm dudbn nsÌ�dbsq hf isjse svsJ mndusl pfWqf hf bfmfp iVfW ShL bq. spmb Èt, ulGf, dhdV, dnofsve, kfmfj iaHxdk JfWqf ShL bq, dhLfq kf mndusl JfWqf hf dbsq pfWqf zShL. (mh} 17/58) 3333.... wqb jvf. ˆjlf zfêfl dhb kfmDsmv yfyf slJstb, zfïfrv vnCt � mndusl ˆj if ziv ifsqv …iv svsJ dy{ rsq wqb jsv zfsYb. nf„l dhb mcnfƒdqh hstb, `…mfv ˆhQ …nmfb (vf})W ˆv™i jvskb.' (hc} 475 bQ, mc}) zfècïfr ƒhsb …mfv hstb, `zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv pcso mndusl Ocmfkfm. zfv zfmvf kJb dYtfm zdhhfdrk pchj.' (hc} 440, dk} 321, ƒmf} 751bQ, zflf}, bf}, zf})

ksh Osv ufqof Kfjsk mndulsj zHAfnokHfsh wqbfofv W dhwafmfofv hfbfsbf …dyk bq. jfvB, ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `sj… spb mndulsj wqbfofv W dhwafmfofv hfdbsq bf sbq.' (ndk} 1/103)

mmnndduull ddbbmmGGffBB ddhhNNqqjj ddjjYYcc IIsskkffqqff mcndtm Kfjsk sjfb jfsIv dm²ÃD-wadmj�äfvf mndul dbmGfB ShL bq. (mh} 21/20-38)

mcndtmslv (nfmfduj, vfuSbdkj) sjfb [dkv zfwËf bf rst mndul W mfûfnfv ubA zmcndtmslv dbje sKsj -kfvf JcwD rsq rftft zKG nfrfpA dlsk yfƒst- oarB jvf ShL. (ƒhsb hfp iamcJ, mh} 32/90) mndul dbmGfB rsh mcndtmslv dbuö�idhÛ�mft�äfvf.�ˆsk pfjfk hAhrfv ShL bq. jfvB, pfjfk rt ovDh-dmnjDb iaHxdk 8 iajfv Jfsk hAdqkhA zKG. zfv mndul ˆ nh ipGfsq isV bf. (mh} 8/152) WqfjXsIv sp sjfbW h²Â�dhÛÁq jvf pfq bf, srhf (lfb) jvf pfq bf�ˆhQ sj… kfv Wqfdvn rskW ifsv bf. (hc} 2737 bQ, mc}, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}) zhwA pdl sjfb WqfjXsIv dudbn ˆmb zh²¿fq si]ZsY pfq, pfsk sjfb iajfv�…ijfvƒ zhdwó�bf Kfsj�ˆhQ kfv kvmDm W nQõfv n©Hh bf rq, zbcv™i sjfb mndul nQjDBG rst ˆhQ iaw²À jvfv ufqof bf Kfjst snƒ WqfjXI hf mnduslv ufqof dhÛÁq jsv snƒ zsKG zbA sjfb …ipcÙÁ�²¿fsb mndul dbmGfB jvf ShL. jfvB,


68

sjfbW mndul hf�²¿fb JfmfJf sIst vfJf db°It. ƒhsb vuh hstb, ƒmfm zfrmfl (v}) iamcJ sp jKf ±iófjfsv hdBGk rsqsY kf�ˆƒ sp, sifsVf mndul dhÛÁq jsv kfv mCtA�äfvf zbA mndul dbmGfB jvsk rsh.�‰�oafm hf wrsv iasqfub bf Kfjst zbA oafm hf wrsv mndul dbmGfsBv Jfsk�‰�zKG hAq jvsk rsh. mndul ²¿fbf§Àdvk jvf nfrfhf jkxGjW iamfdBk. (ˆ hAfifsv ƒntfùt mfnfdul, …lcG 315-317ix}, mh} 10/63, 23/99, 24/60, Iƒ} 2/9 ûóhA) i[f§Àsv mndul sifsVf bf rst, bfmfp iVf rst hf yCVf§À ipGfsqv iasqfub bf iVst mndul sHsÌ�zbA djYc (mfûfnf, mcnfdIvJfbf ƒkAfdl) jvf ShL bq, ˆmbdj ƒmfm vfJfv ubA hfnfW bq. (mh} 10/81, 23/103) ˆj mnduslv zfnhfh-iÛ�zbA mndusl tfofsbf ShL. mnduslv iasqfub bf Kfjst zKhf mnduslv n©il …äxÙ�rst kf rsk nfLfvB jtAfB-Jfsk; spmb�„lofr hf�äDbD mfûfnf dbmGfB, jhv²¿fb sOvf,�ˆkDm-dmnjDbslv slJfwcbf iaHxdk jfsu lfb jvf pfq.�(ƒntfùt mfnfdul, …lGc 316ix}, mh} 3/361, djkfhcÜf'Wqfr,�ƒhsb hfp 203ix}) mnduslv hdLGk ²¿fb mnduslv z§ÀHGcÙÁ.�…Hsqv mfb nmfb. kfƒ skf mrfbhD � ˆv dbdmGk mndusl bfmfp isV sp nWqfh tfH rq, hkGmfsb ‰ mnduslv hdLGk ²¿fbnmCsr bfmfp iVstW�‰�ˆjƒ idvmfB nWqfh tfH rsh. zhwA iaKm jfkfvnmCsrv IpDtk skf ixKj zfsYƒ. (mh} 15/72, 17/69) ƒntfsmv öBGpcso pdlW mndusl bfvD-icv¢sNv mcnfïf ixKj dYt bf khcW hkGmfsb dIkbf W Ifnfl sKsj h]fyfv ubA mdrtfslv mcnfïf ixKj jsv mfsU ilGf slWqf lCNBDq bq. (mh} 19/147) zhwA ˆƒ …sÜswA mdrtfslv ubA dbdlGó�W ixKj lvuf rWqf hfÒbDq. (zflf} 462 bQ) mnduslv dbmGfB jfu swN rst nmshk rsq zbcôfb jsv dIsk sjse hf zbA djYc jsv …säfLb jvf dhlzfk.�ˆ�Lvsbv�…säfLb zbcôfsb nfrfpA W spfolfb jvfW ShL bq. spmb dhswNHfsh sjfb bCkb (hf icvfkb) mndusl bfmfp iVfv ubA lCv sKsj nIv jvfW ShL bq. spsrkc jf'hfv mndul, mndusl bhhD W mndulct zfjnf (zbcv™i jchfv mndul) YfVf zbA mnduslv ubA nIv ShL bq. (hc}, mc}, dm} 693, Iƒ} 1/18-19) …ivktfq mndul W dbsyv ktfq hnk-hfdV zKhf dbsyv ktfq mndul W …iv ktfq hnk-hfdV rst sjfb slfsNv djYc bq. (ƒntfùt mfnfdul, …lcG, 313ix}) klbcv™i …ivktfq mndul ˆhQ dbsyv ktfq slfjfb ƒkAfdl jsv kf HfVf slWqf ˆhQ snƒ zKG mnduslv Jfsk hAq jvf ShL. (‰ 317ix}) zhwA ‰ nm²À slfjfsb spb rfvfm W zShL sjfb djYc ÛÁq-dhÛÁq bf rq. bsy{ rfvfm hAhnfq slfjfb HfVf dlsq sbWqf zKG rfvfm kKf mndusl kf tfofsbf zShL rsh. htfƒ hfùtA sp, nClD hAfQj, mfljûhA ÛÁq-dhÛÁq, lfdV y]fYfv sntcb, hflAp§Ã�dhÛÁq, sjfb zw½Dt jmG iaHxdk jvfv ubA slfjfb hf hfdV HfVf slWqf rfvfm. (zfnƒtfkcm mcdr©mfr, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 14ix})


69

mndul däkt hf iasqfusb zfsvf zdLjkt jvf lCNBDq bq. ksh jfkfv wcv¢ rsh ƒmfsmv dbje sKsj. sp ktfq ƒmfm Kfjshb, sn ktf iCBG rst kshƒ kfv isvv ktfq l]fVfsbf ytsh. (mh} 6/260) mndul rsh nflf-dnsL iajxdkv. ˆsk zdLj bÆf W yfjdyjA iY¦lbDq bq. zdLj jfv¢jfpG-Jdyk W vMysM jvf dhsLq bq. zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªzfdm mndulnmCrsj vMysM jvsk zfdló�rƒdb.« ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `zhwAƒ skfmvf mndulnmCrsj snZ¦lpG-Jdyk jvsh, spmb ƒqfùl W dJaófbvf (kfslv douGfÈstfsj) jsvsY.' (zflf} 448 bQ) zKy kfslv zbcjvB zShL. zfbfn hstb, `(djYc mcntmfb rsh) kfvf mnduslv snZ¦lpG dbsq ohG jvsh. dj§Â�kf zfhfl jvsh (bfmfp iVsh) Jch jmƒ.' (ƒzfwf} 3147 bQ) …mfv hstb, `Jhvlfv! mndulsj tft hf rtcl vsMv hfdbsq stfjslvsj (bfmfspv nmq) dIkbfq (ŠlfsnA) sIstf bf.' (hc}, Ihf} 1/642) mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb skfmvf skfmfslv mndulnmCrsj snZ¦lpG-Jdyk jvsh ˆhQ jcvzfb wvDIsj ztËxk jvsh, kJb skfmfslv�…iv L¶Qn sbsm zfnsh.« (ƒzfwf} 3148 bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªmndul (kfv dbmGfB-snZ¦lpG) dbsq ohG bf jvf ipG§À djqfmk jfsqm rsh bf.« (zflf} 449 bQ) zKGf{ ˆ jfu rt djqfmskv ˆjde iChG t[B. zhwA kxkDq JtDIf rpvk …nmfb mndusl bhhDv slWqft bÆf-Jdyk ifKv W ycbncvdj�äfvf dbmGfB jsvb. KfmÈstfsjW bÆflfv ifKv dlsq SkvD jsvb. zfv Yfk jsvb snÈb jfsEv. (hc} 446, zflf} 451bQ) ƒhsb hfÙ¶ft iamcJ hstb, mndul dbmGfsB ncâk rt mLAhkGD i§¿f zhtìb jvf�ˆhQ kfv snZ¦lspG zdkvdÓk bf jvf. rpvk�…mfv dbsuv zfmst hù dhuq W Lb tfH nsÙ¶W dkdb mndusl bhhDsk djYc zdkdvÙÁ�hf hdLGk jsvb db. sJucv Ffstv Yfk bó�rsq sost dkdb kf bkcb jsv SkvD jsvdYstb mfÛ.�zk}iv rpvk …nmfb k]fv dbsuv zfmst zKG-n©islv iafycpG slJf dlst dkdb mnduslv djYc snZ¦lpG hdLGk jsvdYstb. dj§Â�kfsj yfjdyjA hf vMysM htf yst bf.�ˆklXnsÙ¶W zbAfbA nfrfhDoB k]fv�ˆ�jfsuv dhv¢sÝ�iadkhfl ufdbsqdYstb. ƒntfsm iaKm mndulnmCrsj zdLj snZ¦lpG-Jdyk W bÆflfv jsvb hflwf ztDl dhb zfèct mfstj. ˆ nmqde dYt nfrfhfslv pcsov swN ndá[B. kJb dIkbfv Hsq hù …tfmf hflwfv sjfb iadkhfl bf jvsk sisv yci sKsjsYb. i[f§Àsv ƒmfm zfhC rfbDIf (v}) iamcJ zfrst ƒtXmslv dbjse mnduslv kf'pDm ialwGbfsKG yfjdyjA jvsB zbcmdk vsqsY. (Ihf} 1/644)

mmnndduussll ddwwjjGG WW ddhhllzzffkk


70

mrfb zfïfr hstb, 5)�"�=��$�+�א�U�Cא5��א��,��L�# א� �و��ن

zKGf{, zfv zhwAƒ mndulnmCr zfïfrv. nckvfQ zfïfrv nsÌ�zfv jf…sj zfrhfb jsvf bf. (jc} 72/18) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªdbsuslv …iv jcIXsvv nf[A dlsq mcwdvjslv ubA zfïfrv mndul zfhfl jvf wcÝ�W swfHbDq bq. Wvf skf�ˆmb, pfslv njt zfmt hAKG ˆhQ Wvf slfpsJ�²¿fqDHfsh zh²¿fb jvsh.« (jc} 9/17) mndusl jhv Kfjf dwsjGv ˆj znDtf. kfƒ skf mndusl sjfb mfƒsqAk lfIb jvf ShL bq. ShL bq jhv-Wqftf mndusl bfmfp iVf. ˆ ubA mndusl jhv Kfjst kf kcst jhv²¿fsb icblGfIb jvf Wqfsuh. (mh} 10/77) jf'hfv mndusl dhdh rf-ufv (rfsuvf) hf zbA jfsvf jhv sbƒ. hAfifsv sjfb sjfb ‰dkrfdnjslv jKf mfbA bq. jfvB, k]fslv dbje sjfb ltDt W iamfB sbƒ. zbcv™i mrfbhD � ˆv jhv rpvk zfsqwfv ùuvfq rsqsY, mndusl bq. (mh} 10/80, 26/86) mxkcA-wpAfq wfdqk sKsj mrfbhD � …©mksj zdnqk jsv hstsYb, ªzfïfr ƒqfùl W JaDófbslvsj zdHwfi jv¢b; kfvf kfslv zfdìqfv jhvnmCrsj mndul hfdbsq dbsqsY.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 712bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, ªnfhLfb! skfmfslv iChGhkGD stfsjvf kfslv zfdìqf W sbj stfsjslv jhvsj mndul hfdbsq dbk. swfb! skfmvf spb jhvnmCrsj mndul hfdbsq dbW bf. zfdm�skfmfslvsj�ˆ�hAfifsv dbsNL jvdY.« (mc}, dm} 713 bQ) dkdb hstb, ªskfmfslv dbu dbu Osv djYc (bIt hf ncâk) bfmfp iV; zfv kf (Ov)sj jhv jsv dbWbf.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 714bQ) zKGf{ jhv²¿fsb spmb bfmfp iVf rq bf, dEj skmdb bfmfp bf isV Ovsj jhsvv mk jsv svsJf bf. dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªskfmvf jhsvv …iv hsnf bf ˆhQ jhsvv dlsj mcJ jsv bfmfp isVf bf.« (mc} 927 bQ, iamcJ) „lofr hf mnduslv nDmfbfv hfƒsv jhv rst ˆhQ mfsU slWqft hf iafyDv Kfjst ‰ „lofr hf mndusl bfmfp lCNBDq bq. ksh pdl ‰ jhvhfnDv kf'pDsmv …sÜswA kfv ifsw mndul hfbfsbf rsq Kfsj, kfrst kfsk bfmfp ShL bq. (mh} 15/78-79) vmpfb, „l, wshjlv, wshhvfk (?) iaHxdkv dlhfvfsÛ�mndulsj Ict hf zdkdvÙÁ�zfstfjmftf dlsq ncndÏk jvf dhlzfk. iv§Â�ˆmb jfu jfsIvslv zbcv™i. zfv jfsIvslv zbcjvB mcndtmslv ubA ShL bq. (‰ 25/68-69) sjfb mndusl dhlzfk jmG rsk Kfjst kf lCv jvfv syóf jvsk rsh. n©Hh bf rst sn mndul kAfo jsv dhlzfkwCbA mndusl bfmfp iVf jkGhA. (‰ 18/89) mcufdrl (v}) hstb, ˆjlf zfdm ƒhsb …mfv ˆv nsÌ�dYtfm. bfmfp iVfv ubA dkdb�ˆj mndusl iashw jvstb. snJfbjfv mczfpXdpb spfrv hf zfnsvv zfpfsbv iv


71

icbvfq bfmfspv ubA Ffj-r]fj wcv¢ jvst dkdb htstb, `ˆJfb rsk shv rsq yt. jfvB ˆJfsb dhlzfk vsqsY.' zbA ˆj hBGbfq dkdb htstb, `(ˆƒ mndul sKsj) dhlzfsk zfmfsj shv jsv dlt.' (zflf} 538, hf} 1/424, k¶fh) dhlzfskv dhv¢sÝ�tsV nIt bf rsq dhlzfkwCbA nftfID ufmfzfk ixKj mndul jvst, sn mndulsj `mfndusl dpvfv' htf pfsh bf. hvQ dhlzfk jsmG nrmk iajfw bf jsv dIkbf lCv jvfv mfbsn ixKj mndul jvfƒ pcdÙÁpcÙÁ.�(mh} 35/82) sp mndul n{isKv idKj rji§¿D mcndtmslv sjfb [dk nfLsbv�…sÜswA, ufmfzfskv iadk dhsûfr jsv, mcndtmslv mfsU dhsHl nxdóv�ƒ¤Yfq ˆhQ zfïfr W klDq vnCstv dhv¢sÝ�pfvf nQoafm jsv kfslv sofib O]fde�öv™i dbmGfB jvf rq, kfƒ rt jcvzfb mfuDsl …sïdJk `mfndusl dpvfv.' (jc} 9/107 û})

mmnndduull ddhhNNqqjj zzffssvvff ddjjYYcc mmffnnffssqqtt sjfb iajfv uctcm W zbAfqHfsh lJtjxk ufqofv …iv mndul dbmGfB ˆhQ susb-wcsb kfsk bfmfp iVf ShL bq. (mh} 17/53) mnduslv sjfb n©idÙ�hf zbA sjfb dudbn hAdÙÁokHfsh hAhrfv jfsvf ubA ShL bq. (ƒntfùt mfnfdul, …lcG 311ix}) sjfbW dhNq dbsq jfsvf nfsK dhsvfL Oest kfsj mndusl zfnsk hfLf slWqf …dyk bq. jfvB, mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfïfrv mndusl k]fv bfm n¹vB (dpjXv) jvsk hfLf slq W kfv L¶Qn-nfLsb iaqfnD rq, kfv sysq hV ufstm zfv sj rsk ifsv?« (jc} 2/114) sjfb zmcndtm pdl hfdrAj idhÛ�zh²¿fq zflshv nfsK mndul iashw jvsk yfq, ksh kfsk sjfb [dk rq bf. zhwA mÄf (W mlDbfv) rfvfm W mndusl kfvf iashw jvsk ifsv bf. (jc} 9/28, mh} 21/20, 32/94, 105) mnduslv …iv dlsq vf²Àf jvfq mnduslv n©mfbrfdb rq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªdpjXv W bfmfp YfVf zbA djYcv ubA mndulnmCrsj vf²Àf jsv dbW bf.« (k¶fh}, nuf} 7215 bQ) mndulsj vf²Àfq idvBk jsv kfv n©mfb bó�jvf djqfmskv zbAkm iChGt[B. (k¶fh} zf…nfk¶, nuf} 5899 bQ) iajfw sp, mnduslv iadk kf'pDm ialwGsbv zKG ˆƒ bq sp, mndulsj nftfm (iaBfm) jvsk rsh hf kfv Lcstf sJsk rsh zKhf kfv smsU Lcsq ifdb sJsk rsh. jfvB ˆnh jfu dwsjGv ipGfqHcÙÁ. mndusl sjfb iajfv sJtfW ShL bq. zhwA sp sJtf durfl dhNqj zKhf durfslv nrfqj (z²Ãyftbfv sJtf) kf ShL. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `ˆjlf rfhwDlt mndusl kfslv pcÝf²Ã�dbsq sJtf jvdYt. zfv zfdm zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv iÇyfsk zfVfst�ùuvfv lvufq l]fdVsq sKsj kfslv sJtf slJdYtfm.' (hc} 454, 455bQ, iamcJ)


72

iasqfusb sjfb svfoDv ubA mndusl k]fhc tfdosq hf zbA ²¿fsb�²¿fb slWqf lCNBDq bq.�ˆsk vÙÁ�iVstW [dk sbƒ, pf isv Lcsq idv°jfv jsv sItsk rsh. J¦lsjv pcsÝ�rpvk nf'l zfrk rst k]fsj mndusl bhhDsk vfJf rsqdYt�ˆhQ snJfsbƒ k]fv ƒs§Àjft rsqdYt. (hc}463bQ, iamcJ) sp iÛ-idÛjfq mfbcN hf iwc-i[Dv Ydh Kfsj, kf mndusl iVf hf vfJf ShL bq. iasqfusb jfdt�äfvf iafBDv mfKf bó�jsv vfJf pfq. zw½Dt Ydh W idÛjf skf sjfb�²¿fsbƒ slJf W iVf ShL bq. mndusl zfsvf shwD bq. (mh} 22/101) hfdVv sjfb ˆjef jfmvf hf dbdlGó�ufqofsj mndul hfbfsbf yst. pfsk bIt bfmfp�ˆhQ mndusl spsk bf ifvst Ivp bfmfpW iVf pfsh.�ƒkhfb dhb mfstj ˆƒ vjmƒ ˆjde zfshlb zfïfrv vnCt �sj ufbfstb. dkdb k]fv zfshlb mÓcv jsv k]fv Osv dosq k]fv iY¦lmk ˆj ²¿fsb 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVstb. zbcv™i hfvf' dhb zfsph dbu hfdVsk (hfdVv stfjslv dbsq) ufmfzfk jsv bfmfp iVskb. (hc} 425bQ) bCkb mndul zsi[f icvfkb mnduslv zdLj sjfb IpDtk W ShdwóA hf zdLj nWqfh zfsY�-ˆv sjfb ltDt sbƒ. (mcm} 4/216, IfkfWqf bfpDdvqAfr 1/359) ksh ziasqfusb spsrkc ˆjƒ mrïfq ˆjfdLj mndul dhlzfk, snsrkc ˆv Ist spJfsb `dpvfv' rWqfv zfwËf Kfsj snJfsb bCkb sYsV icvfkb mndusl bfmfp iVf�…Ùm. djYc nfrfhf W ntI�ˆƒ zfwËfskƒ sjfb sjfb ²¿fsb icvfkb mndusl bfmfp isVsYb. zhwA snƒ mndusl bfmfp iVf …Ùm, sp mndul dhlzfkwCbA, pfv ufmfzfk nQJAf zdLj (mcm} 4/213) ˆhQ pfv ƒmfm Ifsnj hf dhlzfkD hst zfwËf sbƒ. zfïfrv vnCt � W k]fv nfrfhfhsoGv pcso sjfb mndulsj kftfhÝ�jvf rskf bf. ksh sn pcso mnduslv dHkv�ˆmb sjfb mCtAhfb zfnhfh-iÛ�Kfjk bf, pf ycdv hf bó�rWqfv zfwËf jvf spk. iv§Â�sn pcsov stfsjvfW�ˆmb r™lqdhdwó�dYstb sp, k]fslv�äfvf mnduslv sjfb iajfv [dk rsh, sn zfwËfƒ dYt bf. dj§Â�hkGmfb pcsov zh²¿f kfv dhivDk. nckvfQ zfnhfh-iÛ�W n©mfb v[fsKG mndulsj kftfhÝ�jvf lCNBDq bq. (mh} 13/79, 17/70)

sspp nnhh ²²¿¿ffssbb bbffmmffpp iiVVff mmjjvv™™rr WW zzSShhLL 1111.... sofv²¿fsb bfmfp iVf ShL bq. mrfbhD � hstb,�ªnfhLfb! skfmfslv iChGhkGD stfsjvf kfslv zfdìqf W zf…dtqfslv jhvnmCrsj mndul hfdbsq dbk. swfb! skfmvf spb jhvnmCrsj mndul (bfmfspv ²¿fb) hfdbsq dbW bf. zfdm skfmfslv …iv ˆ dhNsq dbsNLfÎf ufvD jsv pfd¤Y.« (mc}, dm} 713bQ) dkdb hstb, ªskfmfslv dbu dbu Osv djYc (bIt hf ncâk) bfmfp iV; zfv kf


73

(Ov)sj jhv jsv dbWbf.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 714bQ) jfvB, jhv²¿fsb bfmfp iVf rq bf. ªskfmvf jhsvv …iv hsnf bf ˆhQ jhsvv dlsj mcJ jsv bfmfp isVf bf.« (mc} 972 bQ, iamcJ) 2222.... …e h]fLfv ufqofq bfmfp dbdNÝ.�mrfbhD � hstb,�ªskfmvf Yfot-sH]Vf h]fLfv ufqofq bfmfp iV, zfv …e h]fLfv ufqofq bfmfp isVf bf.« (mc}, dk}, ƒJc} iamcJ, dm} 739bQ) 3333.... sofntJfbfq bfmfp mjv™r. spsrkc ˆ ²¿fb nfLfvBk} bfifjD sLfWqfv ubA hAhr™k. mrfbhD � hstb, ªjhv²¿fb W sofntJfbf YfVf nfvf ixdKhDv njt ufqof mndul (bfmfp iVfv ufqof).« (zflf}, dk}, lf}, dm} 737bQ) 4444.... jnfƒJfbf idhÛ�rst kfsk bfmfp wcÝ. 5555.... vf²Àfv mfsU ofdV hf stfjusbv zfnf-pfWqf bf Kfjst bfmfp dbdNÝ�bq. zbcv™i mndul Hsv sost tfoftfdo vf²ÀfskW bfmfp wcÝ.�ksh sj… spb ƒmfsmv nfmsbv dlsj vf²Àfq bf l]fVfq. jfvB, ƒmfsmv nfmsb l]fVfst bfmfp wcÝ�rq bf. (mh} 15/64) 6666.... mqtf sItfv ufqofsk spsrkc bfifjDƒ Kfjfv jKf, kfƒ snJfsb bfmfp wcÝ�bq. 7777.... jf'hf wvDsIv dHksv ˆhQ rfkDm hf drusv ƒnmf„t (jf'hf wvDsIv ifsw¶G sp ufqofef softfjfv sOvf zfsY snƒ ufqof) ˆv nDmfv dHksvW bfmfp wcÝ.�zfïfrv vnCt � ˆjlf jf'hf-Osvv dHksv 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isVsYb. (hc}, mc}, zf}, dm} 691 bQ)

iajfw sp, nfk ufqofq bfmfp iVf dbdNÝ�rWqfv hAfifsv sp rflDn�…sïJ jvf rq, kf Jchƒ lchGt. (dm} 737 bQ rflDsnv eDjf, mcm} 2/252 û}) 8888.... zmcndtmslv …ifnbftsq sjfb mCdkG hf Ydh bf Kfjst kfsk bfmfp iVf ShL. rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn mCdkG bf Kfjst douGfq bfmfp isVsYb. (hc} dhbf nbsl, Ihf} 1/632) rpvk zfhC mCnf zfwzfvD, …mfv dhb zfèct zfpDp jkGxjW douGfq bfmfp iVfv hAfifsv hBGbf ˆsnsY. (ƒzfwf} 1/423, bfzf}, dInc} …lcG 135 ix}) iajfw sp, dbv¢ifq zh²¿f hf lfWqfkD�…sÜwA YfVf zmcndtmslv sjfb Hubftsq pfWqf ShL bq. (mh} 32/104) zmcndtmslv nmfsu ˆhQ kfslv mfdtjfbfHcÙÁ�ufqof-udmskW bfmfp wcÝ. (mh} 15/68) hvQ kfslv hfdVv dHksvW (mCdkG bf Kfjst) bfmfp wcÝ�rsq pfsh.�(‰�32/104)�ksh idhÛkf�ƒkAfdl zbAfbA wkGfhtD nhGs[sÛ�zhwA iftbDq. 9999.... bÆflfv mcnfïfq bfmfp wcÝ�rstW kfsk bfmfp iVf mjv™r (ziY¦lbDq). spsrkc ˆsk bfmfpDv msb sjsV dbsq …lfnDb jsv sIst. ˆƒ ubAƒ dhw¶bhD � bÆflfv jfisV bfmfp iVfsj ziY¦l jsvsYb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 757 bQ û}) ˆjlf rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv ùuvfv slWqfst YdhpcÙÁ�ilGf efÌf Kfjsk slJst dkdb k]fsj htstb,�ªskfmfv�ˆƒ ilGf zfmfslv dbje sKsj ndvsq bfW. jfvB, Wv YdhÈstf zfmfv bfmfsp dhO nxdó�jvsY.«�(hc} 374 bQ, mh} 5/293, 15/74, Iƒ} 1/278) klbcv™i nfmsb YdhpcÙÁ�jAfstàfv ƒkAfdl svsJ bfmfp iVf mjv™r. (ƒzfwf} 1/399 û})


74

htf hfùtA, ˆ ubAƒ mnduslv nfmsbv slWqfst sjfb iajfv lxdó-zfjNGj bÆf, h²Â�hf dhÎdå,�nmqnCyD�ƒkAfdl vfJfW mjv™r. 10101010.... dhYfbf idhÛ�rst kfsk bfmfp iVf lCNBDq bq. rpvk zfbfn dbu dhYfbfq bfmfp isVsYb.�(ƒzfwf} 2810 bQ, Ihf} 1/586) 11111111.... siwfh-ifqJfbf Osvv Yfsl hf diYsb (siwfh-ifqJfbf Ovsj nfmsb jsv bfmfp wcÝ.�Yfk hf nfmsbv slWqft idhÛ�rst bfmfp mjv™r bq. (Iƒ} 1/270, djlf} 95ix}) zfVft Kfjst ianafh-ifqJfbfv bftf hf ifƒi nfmsb jsv, zKhf kfv …iv dhasu, zKhf mtmCsÛv ifƒsiv dbsy bfmfp wcÝ. (hc} 82ix û}) 12121212.... sp v¢sm mfljûhA Kfsj sn v¢sm bfmfp iVsk rst bfmfp wcÝ�rsq pfsh. (I…} 1/426)

13131313.... HfVf slWqf hfdVv mfdtj HfVf oarBjfvDsj ‰ Osv Kfjsk bf dlsk yfƒst ˆhQ sn snJfb rsk shv rsk bf yfƒst kKf sufviChGj hfn jvstW sn Osv bfmfp wcÝ�rsq pfsh. ksh�ˆ�jfsu sn dbv¢ifq bf rst sofbfrofv rsk ifsv. (mh} 19/155)

nncckkvvffrr bfmfpDv nfmsb shsq sj… ifv rsh bf ˆmb LfvBf KfjstW nfmsb nckvfr svsJ bfmfp iVf Wqfsuh. (dnnfb} 82ix}) spmb nIsv, hfdVsk, mndusl, rfvfsmv mnduläsq nhG²¿fsb�ˆjfjD W�ƒmfsmv ubA nckvfr hAhrfv jvf uv¢vD. mrfbhD � hstb, ªnckvfr YfVf bfmfp isVf bf.« (ƒJc} 800 bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ�n[m rq sp, kfv W kfv djhtfv mfsU sj… spb bf zfsn, kfrst sn spb kf jsv.« (zf}, lfvf}, k¶fhf}) ªpJb skfmfslv sj… bfmfp iVsh, kJb sn spb nfmsb nckvfr svsJ bfmfp isV.« (zf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒdr}, rf}, nuf} 650, 651 bQ) i[f§Àsv zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv dhbf nckvfq bfmfp iVfv rflDn pqDI. nckvfr hst sjfb djYcv zfVftsj. bfmfpD pJb bfmfp isV kJb kfv r™lq sufVf Kfsj nxdójkGf mf'hCl zfïfrv nfsK. dhd¤Yâ Kfsj ifdKGh njt iajfv jmG W dy§Àf sKsj. ƒhflk jvf zh²¿fq sn spb mf'hCl zfïfrsj slJsk ifq. dj§Â�kfv n©mcsJ pJb ˆmb sjfb hAdÙÁ�hf iwc�ˆsn�…id²¿k rq, sp kfv�ˆjfoakf W LAfb HÌ�jsv slq, msbfspfo sjsV sbq, lxdó�ycdv jsv sIst�ˆhQ sjfb Hq hf jfmbf kfv msb ufqof dbsq kfsj zfïfrv lvhfv rsk ndvsq ifdKGh uosk dIdvsq slq, kJb kfv ubA uv¢vD ˆmb ˆj zfVft W z§Àvfstv, pfv Ist sn dbsuv lxdó�W mbsj kfv dHksv nDmfhÝ�vfJsk ifsv. zfv kfv iÇyfsk sjfb djYc zdkÛÁm jvstW sn kf�ë™s[i bf jvsk ifsv. nckvfQ nckvfr svsJ bfmfp bf iVf sofbfrv jfu. iv§Â�‰�zh²¿fq bfmfpDv n©mcJ shsq sj… ifv rsq sost kfv bfmfspv nWqfh jm rsq pfq. (Ihf} 1/584)


75

nncckkvvffrr ddjjssnnvv rrsshh?? zfïfrv vnCt � jkGxj dhdHâ iajfv nckvfr iamfdBk. spmb, jJsbf dkdb mnduslv Kfmsj nfmsb jsv bfmfp iVskb. (dnnfb} 82ix}) I]fjf mqlfsb bfmfp iVst ˆhQ zfVft jvfv ubA djYc bf sist nfmsb hwGf sosV dbskb. zfv stfsjvf k]fv diYsb dhbf nckvfq bfmfp iVk. (hc} 494, 498bQ, mc}, ƒmf}) jJsbf hf dbsuv nWqfvD …esj zfVfzfdV l]fV jdvsq kfsj nckvfr hfdbsq bfmfp iVskb. (hc} 507 bQ, zf}) jJsbf dubsifw (…sev disE hnhfv zfnb)sj nfmsb svsJ kfv jfôfQswv snfufncdu bfmfp iVskb. (hc} 507bQ, mc}, ƒJc}, zf}) dkdb htskb, ªskfmfslv sj… pJb kfv nfmsb dubsifswv swsN nQpcÙÁ�jfôJsàv mk djYc svsJ sbq, kJb kfv …dyk, (kfv iÇyfsk) bfmfp iVf�ˆhQ�ˆviv kfv n©mcJ shsq sj… ifv rsq sost sjfb isvfqf bf jvf.« (mc} 499 bQ, zflf}) ˆjlf dkdb ˆjde ofYsj nckvfr hfdbsq bfmfp isVsYb. (bf}, zf}) jJsbf dkdb zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv Jfesj nfmsb jsv bfmfp isVsYb. zfv ‰ nmq zfsqwf (vf}) kfv …iv yflv Tfjf dlsq wcsq Kfjskb. (hc} 511 bQ, mc}) ncIqAfb dhb …qfƒbfr hstb, dkdb wfvDjsj sjfb Ivp bfmfp iVfv nmq k]fv eciDsj nfmsb svsJ nckvfr hfbfsk slsJsYb. (zflf} 691bQ) iajfw sp, djYc bf sist lfo sesb sbWqfv rflDn nrDr bq. (pzflf} 134, pƒmf} 196, 943, puf} 569bQ) nckvfr rsh …sev disE ²¿fdik dubsifswv siYsb nQpcÙÁ�jfôJsàv mk (jm-shwD ˆj rfk, zfL dmefv hf 47 sndm| …]yc) sjfb h²Â.�sjfb lfo nckvfr hst oBA rsh bf. ksh sp h²Â�mfde hf mcnfïf sKsj ˆjecW …]yc rsq Kfsj kfsjƒ nckvfr hst Lsv sbWqf pfsh. (mcm} 3/384) iajfw sp, mcnfïf, yfefƒ hf jfsiGsev swN iaf§Àsj nckvfr hst oBA jvf pfsh bf. (Iƒ} 1/317)

nncckkvvffrr jjkkllCCssvv vvffJJsskk rrsshh?? mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… pJb bfmfp iVsh, kJb sn spb nfmsb nckvfr svsJ bfmfp isV ˆhQ kfv dbjehkGD rq. pfsk wqkfb spb kfv bfmfpsj bó�jsv bf dlsk ifsv.« (zf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒdr}, rf}, nuf} 650bQ) ˆjlf dkdb jf'hf wvDsIv dHksv bfmfp iVst k]fv W slWqfstv mfsU 3 rfk hAhLfb dYt. (hc} 506, zf}, bf}) k]fv mcnfïf (dnulfv ufqof) W slWqfstv mfsU ˆjde Yfot (zKhf sH]Vf) ifv rsq pfWqfv mk (iafq zfL rfk) I]fj hf lCvk¶ Kfjk. (hc} 496bQ, mc}) iajfw Kfsj sp, nckvfv ˆsjhfsv snfufncdu bf l]fdVsq kfv ˆjec Ffsb hf hfsm nsv


76

l]fVfsbfv rflDn wcÝ�bq. (pzflf} 136bQ)

ƒƒmmffssmmvv nncckkvvffƒƒ mmccÙÙÁÁffllDDssllvv nncckkvvffrr ƒmfsmv nfmsb nckvfr Kfjst mcÙÁflDslv ubA ixKj nckvfv lvjfv rq bf. mrfbhD��„slv dlb bfmfp iVsk shv rst k]fv nfmsb hwGf ofVf rk. dkdb kf nckvfr hfdbsq bfmfp iVskb�ˆhQ stfsjvf k]fv iÇyfsk (dhbf nckvfq) bfmfp iVk. (hc} 494, mc} 501bQ) ˆjlf dkdb hfk¶rfq bfmfp iVstb. k]fv nfmsb (nckvfr) dYt sYfe ˆjde hwGf. zfv k]fv n©mcJ shsq mdrtf W ofLf ifv rsq pfd¤Yt. (hc} 495bQ, mc} 252bQ) dhlfqD rsÏv nmq mrfbhD � dmbfq bfmfp iVdYstb.�ƒhsb zfêfn ˆjde ofLDv disE ysV djYc jfkfsvv nfmsb shsq ifv rsq ˆsn bfmstb. zk}iv ofLDdesj yvsk sYsV dlsq jfkfsv wfdmt rstb. kf slsJ sj… k]fv iadkhfl jvt bf. (hc} 493, mc}, dm} 780bQ)

bbffmmffppDDvv nnffmmssbb sshhssqq iiffvv rrWWqqff rrffvvffmm mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp bfmfpDv nfmsb shsq ifv rq, sn pdl ufbk sp, ˆsk kfv jk ifi rsh, kfrst sn 40 (hYv hf mfn hf dlb bfmfpDv nftfm dIvfv) zsi[f jvfsj Hft msb jvk, khcW bfmfpDv nfmsb shsq zdkÛÁm jvk bf.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 776 bQ) zhwA bfmfpDv nfmsb nckvf Kfjst ifv rWqf rfvfm hf sofbfrv jfu bq. zbcv™i nckvfr bf KfjstW pdl bfmfpDv nfmsb iafq 3 rfk lCv sKsj ifv rq, kfrstW sofbfr rsh bf. (mfumC' IfkfWqf, ƒhsb hfp 2/267)

sssjjj……… nnnfffmmmsssbbb ssshhhsssqqq iiifffvvv rrrsssttt bbbfffmmmfffpppDDDvvv jjjkkkGG GhhhAAA mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… nfmsb nckvfr svsJ bfmfp iVst ˆhQ sj… kfv ‰ nckvfv dHkv dlsq ifv rsk yfƒst sn spb kfv hcsj sEst ifv rsk hfLf slq W pKfn©Hh v¢Jsk syóf jsv.« ˆj hBGbfq zfsY,�ªkfsj spb lc' lc' hfv hfLf slq.�ˆv isvW pdl sn mfbsk bf yfq�(ˆhQ�‰�dlsjƒ ifv rskƒ yfq) kfrst sn spb kfv nfsK tVfƒ jsv. jfvB, (hfLflfb nsÙ¶W sp hfLf mfsb bf) sn skf wqkfb.« (hc}, mc}, ƒJc}, dm} 777bQ) dkdb hstb, ªnckvfr YfVf bfmfp isVf bf. jf…sj skfmfv nfmsb shsq ifv rskW dlW bf. (nckvfv dHkv shsq spsk) sn pdl mfbf bf mfsb, ksh kfv nfsK tV. jfvB, kfv nfsK wqkfb zfsY.« (ƒJc} 800bQ)


77

zfhC nf„l JclvD ucmzfv dlb ˆjde Kfmsj nckvfr jsv bfmfp iVdYstb. ƒkAhnsv hfbD …mfƒqfv ˆj hAdÙÁ�k]fv W Kfsmv mfU shsq ifv rsk sost dkdb kfsj hfLf dlstb. dj§Â�stfjde icbvfq ifv rWqfv syóf jvt. dkdb kfv hcsj�ˆj KfæV dlstb. stfjde mlDbfv oHbGv mfvWqfsbv dbje k]fv dhv¢sÝ�bfdtw ufbft. mfvWqfb zfhC nf„l sj htstb, `zfidb zfibfv Hfƒsifsj smsvsYb dj jfvsB?' zfhC nf„l htstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � hstsYb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… pJb djYcsj nckvfr hfdbsq bfmfp isV, zk}iv sj… kfv ‰ nckvfv dHkv dlsq ifv rsk yfq, ksh sn spb kfsj hfLf slq. ˆskW pdl sn bf mfsb, kfrst sn spb kfv nfsK tVfƒ jsv. jfvB, sn skf wqkfb.« nckvfQ zfdm wqkfbsjƒ skf smsvdY!' (ƒJc} 817bQ) wcLc mfbcNƒ bq, sjfb iwcW nfmsb shsq ifv rsk yfƒst kfsjW hfLf slWqf …dyk. ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `ˆjlf bhD � bfmfp iVdYstb. ˆmb nmq ˆjde Yfot (hf sH]Vf) k]fv nfmsb dlsq Ycse ifv rsk yfƒt. dj§Â�dkdb kfv zfsoƒ kfsj Lsv sItstb. ˆmbdj kfv siesj slWqfstv nfsK tfdosq dlstb. zk}iv Yfot (hf sH]Vf)de k]fv diYb dlj rsk ifv rsq sot.' (zflf} 708-709, ƒJc} 827bQ, k¶fhf, rf}) nckvfQ hfLf slWqf Wqfsuh ˆhQ kfsk ˆjec bVf-nvf lCNBDq bq.

ddhhbbff nncckkvvffqq bbffmmffpp hhffddkktt jjJJbb?? nckvf svsJ bfmfp iVst ˆhQ kfv iÇyf{ shsq sj… ifv rsq sost bfmfpDv bfmfsp sjfb [dk rq bf. (hc} 499, mc} 252bQ) nckvfv dHkv dlsqW sjfb icv¢N, dwwc hf iwc ifv rsq sost bfmfpDv msbfspfso hAfOfk Ose dEjƒ, ksh bfmfp ˆsjhfsv bó�rsq pfq bf. iv§Â�dhbf nckvfq bfmfp iVst�ˆhQ nfmsb dlsq nfhfdtjf smsq, ofLf hf dmwdmsw jfstf jcjcv ifv rsq sost bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfq. mrfbhD � hstb, ª(nckvfr bf rst) nfhfdtjf smsq, ofLf W jfstf jcjcv bfmfp bó�jsv sIst.«�zfhC pfvG htstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! rtcl W tft bf rsq jfstf jcjcsvƒ bfmfp bó�jsv kfv jfvB dj?' htstb,�ªjfvB, jfstf jcjcv wqkfb.« (mc}510,zflf}, ƒJc}) bfhfdtjf smsq zdkÛÁm jvst bfmfp bó�rq bf.�ˆjlf hfbD zfèct mcÙfdtshv lc'de sYfe smsq mfvfmfdv jvsk jvsk k]fv nfmsb�ˆsn k]fv r]fec Lsv sItt. dkdb�…Hqsj lc'dlsj ndvsq dlstb. zfv�ˆsk dkdb bfmfp HfÌstb bf. (zflf} 716, 717, nbf} 727bQ) spmb dbsuv ²ÃD hf sjfb mdrtf bfmfpDv nfmsb Tfjf dbsq zájfsv Ocdmsq Kfjst bfmfspv sjfb [dk rq bf. zfïfrv vnCt � vfsÛ�kfrfÏcl iVskb, zfv zfsqwf (vf}) k]fv nfmsb ufbfpfv tfswv mk wcsq Ocmfskb. (hc} 508, mc} 512, dm} 779bQ) spmb dkdb jJsbf jJsbf yflsvv dHkv sKsj ifsqv dlsj ycsi ycsi dbsuv iasqfusb shv


78

rsq spskb. ˆskW k]fv bfmfspv sjfb [dk rskf bf. (‰) ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, `kJb Osv hfdk dYt bf.' (hc} 513, mc} 512bQ) iajfw sp, sjfb mdrtf-bfmfpDv nfmsb shsq (dhbf nckvfq) sjfb (nfhfdtjf) smsq ifv rstW bfmfp bó�rq bf. (zfvf} 2356 bQ, mcrfïf 4/12, 20)

dddjjj¶¶ ¶hhhtttfffrrr nmoa mcndtm-ufdkv ubA vsqsY ˆjƒ dj¶htfv dhLfb. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

�S��j�h�@E8�M�+�,و�א�+z �+�(�@�4�9E.��C��&و��אم�،��א �n�L�# א��j�h�D�<�,و�ل��+�(�l�,��O��&��/Cو�. zKGf{, zfv kcdm spJfb rskƒ shv rW bf sjb, mndulct rfvfm (jf'hf wvDsIv) dlsj mcJ dIvfW ˆhQ skfmvf spJfsbƒ Kfj bf sjb, ‰ (jf'hfv) dlsjƒ mcJ dIvfsh. (jc} 2/150) zfïfrv bhD � pJb bfmfsp l]fVfskb, kJb (Ivp-bIt njt bfmfspƒ) jf'hf wvDsIv dlsj mcJ dIvfskb. (ƒo} 289bQ) dkdb ˆj bfmfp HctjfvDv …sÜswA hstdYstb, ªpJb bfmfsp l]fVfhfv�ƒ¤Yf jvsh kJb idviCBGv™si Wpc jv. zk}iv dj¶htfv dlsj mcJ jsv kjhDv ht---.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 790bQ) bfmfp wcÝ�rWqfv ubA dj¶htfr-mcJ jvf rt zbAkm wkG. bfmfspv nmq hf¦lfv Kfsj lc'de zdHmcJ; ˆjde rt r™lsqv ˆhQ zivde rt slsrv. kfv r™lsqv zdHmcJ Kfsj zfïfrv iadk. zfv slr W syrfvfv zdHmcJ rq zfïfrvƒ ˆj dhswN dblwGb jf'hfoxsrv iadk. sp oxsrv kf'pDm jvsk ˆhQ pfv iadk zdHmcJ jvsk hf¦lf zfdló�rsqsY. nfvf dhsw¶v mcntmfbslv r™lq spmb zfïfrv zdHmcJD, skmdbƒ bfmfsp kfslv njstv slr-mcJW ˆjƒ oxsrv iadk zdHmcJD rq. ˆsk vsqsY nfvf mcndtm ufdkv ‰jA W nQrdkv hdr}iajfw ˆhQ kfslv njt dhNsq ˆjfk¹kf zhtìb jvfv iadk�ƒdÌk.

ddjj¶¶hhttffvv zzddHHmmccJJ pfvf jf'hfv zfswifsw bfmfp isV ˆhQ jf'hf kfslv lxdóv nfmsb Kfsj, kfslv ubA�ùhù jf'hfv iadk mcJ sIvfsbf uv¢vD. i[f§Àsv pfvf jf'hf slJsk ifq bf kfslv ubA ùhù jf'hfv iadk mcJ sIvfsbf uv¢vD bq. spsrkc mrfbhD � hstb, ªiChG W idÇysmv mfUfmfdU rt dj¶htfv dlj.« (dk}, rf}, dm} 715bQ) dkdb hstb, ªianafh-ifqJfbf jvfv nmq skfmvf dj¶htfrsj nfmsb hf diYb jsv hsnf bf; hvQ iChG zKhf idÇym dljsj nfmsb hf diYb jsv hn.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 334bQ) …ÙÁ�rflDn lc'de rsk�ˆ�jKf hcUf pfq sp, mlDbfhfnDslv ubA dj¶htfr rt iChG W idÇysmv mfsU (ld[B) dlsj. spsrkc mlDbf wvDI sKsj jf'hfv zh²¿fb rt ld[sB. nckvfQ pdl mlDbfq sj… ld[B mcsJ bfmfp isV ksh kfv dj¶htfr-mcsJ bfmfp iVf


79

rsh. pdlW ùhù jf'hf sKsj kfv zdHmcJ ˆjec Ffsb-hfsm nsvW rq. (mcm} 2/267) zkˆh ixdKhDv mfbdysÛ�pfvf jf'hfv sp dlsj zh²¿fb jsv kfv dEj dhivDk dlsj rsh kfslv dj¶htfr. Hfvk-hfQtfslw iVsY jf'hfv iCshG, kfƒ ˆ slswv stfsjslvsj idÇym dlsj mcJ jsv bfmfp iVsk rq. htf hfùtA, mfrfk¹A rt dj¶htfv; idÇym dlsjv sjfb mfrfk¹A bq.

ddjj··hhttffrr uuffbbsskk bbff iiffvvsstt sjfb zsybf-zufbf ²¿fsb zájfv hf smsOv jfvsB y]fl, nCpG, kfvf slJsk bf ifWqfv Ist dj¶htfv dlj sjfbXef dbBGq jvsk bf ifvst ˆhQ ufbfv mk sn vjm sjfb p§Ã�hf�…ifq bf Kfjst, msb msb ndEj LfvBfv�…iv dHdÙ�jsvƒ bfmfp iVsk rsh. zhwA bfmfspv iv dj¶htfv ndEj dlj zbA hcUsk ifvstW bfmfp wcÝ�rsq pfsh. icbvfq�‰�bfmfp ndEj dj¶htfr-mcsJ zfv iVsk rsh bf. rpvk ufshv hstb, zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv nsÌ�sjfb�ˆj nIv hf zdHpfsb dYtfm.�zfjfw smOf¤Yâ Kfjst (bfmfspv nmq) zfmvf dj¶htfv dlj dbBGsq mksHl jvtfm. ˆsk iaskAsj dbu dbu msk ixKj ixKj bfmfp isV dbt. (kJb bhD � snJfsb dYstb bf.) ndEj dj¶htfv dlsj bfmfp rsqsY dj bf kf ivD[f jvfv ubA iaskAsj dbsuv dbsuv nfmsb lfo dlsq vfJt. njft rst sn lfoÈstf zfmvf slJtfm; slJtfm, zfmvf dj¶htfv dHâ dlsj mcJ jsv bfmfp isV sIstdY. zk}iv hAfifvde bhD � ˆv dbje …sïJ jvst dkdb zfmfslvsj ‰ bfmfp icbvfq iVsk zfslw jvstb bf. hvQ dkdb htstb, ªskfmfslv bfmfp wcÝ�rsq sosY.« (lfvf}, rf}, hf}, ƒo} 296bQ) bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq pdl jfsvf hf djYcv mfLAsm dj¶htfv ndEj dlj ufbf pfq, kfrst nfsK nfsK sndlsj dIsv pfWqf uv¢vD. mrfbhD � wcv¢sk hfƒkct mfj¶slsnv dlsj mcJ jsv bfmfp iVskb. dkdb msb msb yfƒskb sp, jf'hfƒ k]fv dj¶htfr srfj. sn nmq ˆƒ zfqfk zhkDBG rt,

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zKGf{, zfjfswv dlsj skfmfv hfvhfv kfjfsbfsj zfdm iafq t[A jdv. nckvfQ zfdm skfmfsj ˆmb dj¶htfv dlsj dIdvsq slh, pf kcdm iY¦l jv. zkˆh kcdm (ˆJb) mfndulct rfvfsmv dlsj mcJ sIvfW. (jc} 2/144) ˆviv sKsj dkdb jf'hfv dlsj mcJ dIdvsq bfmfp iVsk tfostb. jchfv mndusl stfsjvf Iusvv bfmfp iVdYt. ƒkAhnsv ˆj zfo§Âj kfslvsj�ˆsn htt, `zfu vfsÛ�zfïfrv vnCstv …iv djYc zfqfk zhkDBG rsqsY, pfsk k]fsj jf'hfv dlsj mcJ jsv bfmfp iVsk zfslw jvf rsqsY. nckvfQ swfb! skfmvf jf'hfv dlsj mcJ sIvfW.' kJb kfslv mcJ dYt wfm


80

(hkGmfsb iAfst±efƒb)ˆv dlsj. nQhfl swfbfmfÛ�kfvf jf'hfv dlsj Ocsv sot. (hc}, mc}, zf}, ƒo} 290bQ)

ssjjffbbXX ssjjffbbXX zzhh²²¿¿ffqq ddjj¶¶hhttffrr--mmccJJ bbff rrssttWW bbffmmffpp wwccÝÝ 1111.... znc²¿�W z[m hAdÙÁ�dj¶htfv dlsj mcJ bf jvsk ifvst ˆhQ kfsj dIdvsq slWqfv mk sj… bf Kfjst, sn sp mcsJ bfmfp iVsh snƒ mcsJƒ bfmfp wcÝ�rsq pfsh. spsrkc�ªzfïfr jf…sj kfv nfsLAv zkDk shfUf hrsbv Hfv slb bf.« (jc} 2/286) 2222.... pcÝ�ytfjftDb rfbfrfdbv nmq bfmfsp dj¶htfr-mcJ rWqf uv¢vD bq. wÛ¢v odkdhdL t[A svsJ kfslv dlsj mcJ jsvƒ bfmfp iVsk rsh. (hc}, mc}, ƒo} 588bQ) mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªpdl skfmvf (wÛ¢v) Hq jv, kfrst iKyfvD zKhf zfsvfrD zh²¿fq (bfmfp isV bfW).« (jc} 2/239) ƒhsb …mfv …ÙÁ�zfqfskv hAfJAfq hstb, `Hq Jch shwD rst skfmvf l]fdVsq Kfjf zh²¿fq zKhf nWqfv rWqf zh²¿fq dj¶htfv dlsj mcJ jsv zKhf bf jsvƒ bfmfp isV bfW.' (hc} 4535 bQ) zfv mrfbhD � hstb, ªwÛ¢v nfsK pcÝvk rst (bfmfsp) kjhDv W mfKfv�ƒwfvfƒ psKó.« (hf} 3/255) 3333.... nIsv …e, sOfVf hf ofdVv …iv bIt hf ncâk bfmfp iVfv nmqW dj¶htfr-mcJ rWqf uv¢vD bq. spsrkc bhD � nIsv dbsuv nWqfvDv …iv sp mcsJ …e ytk, snƒ mcsJƒ bIt W dhkXv bfmfp iVskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1340 bQ) ˆ hAfifsv jcvzfb mfuDslv ˆƒ zfqfk zhkDBG rq, ªiChG W idÇym nh dljƒ zfïfrv. nckvfQ kcdm sp dlsjƒ mcJ sIvfW, sn dljƒ zfïfrv.« (jc} 2/115) zfv jJsbf jJsbf dkdb …ebDv …iv bIt iVfv ƒ¤Yf jvst …ebD nr dj¶htfr-mcJ rsq kjhDv dlskb. kfviv hfjD bfmfp dbsuv nWqfvDv iK zdHmcsJƒ n©iâ jvskb. (zflf}, ƒdr}, iamcJ dnnfb} 75ix}) zhwA Ivp bfmfspv nmq nWqfvD sKsj sbsm dj¶htfr-mcJ rsq bfmfp iVskb. (hc}, zf}, dnnfb} 75ix})

bbffmmffssppvv ddbbqqkk sp sjfbW zfmstv ubA dbqk uv¢vD. dbqk YfVf sjfb ƒhflk hf zfmt wcÝ�rq bf. mrfbhD � hstb,�ªzfmtnmCr skf dbqskv�…isvƒ dbHGvwDt.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1bQ) ƒmfm bWhD (v}) hstb, dbqk hst msbv nQj¬isj. (pfv ²¿t rt r™lq W md²À°j.) nckvfQ bfmfpD dbdlGó�bfmfpsj kfv mb-md²Às°j …id²¿k jvsh. spmb spfrv, Ivp�ƒkAfdl bfmfspv iajfv W ÈB msb msb d²¿v jvsh. zk}iv iaKm kjhDsvv nfsK nfsK (mb-md²Às°j …id²¿kjxk jmG jvfv) nQj¬i jvsh. (vWpfkck k¶fsthDb 1/224, dnnfb} 85ix}) ˆƒ nQj¬i jvfv ubA dbdlGó�sjfb wè wvDqsk hdBGk rq db. zfvhDsk h]fLf mboVf


81

dbqk hf dbu HfNfq sjfb dbdlGó�wèfhtD äfvf vdyk dbqk mcsJ�…¤yfvB jvf hf zfWVfsbf dhlzfk. (Iƒ} 1/314, 315) nckvfQ dbqk jvf uv¢vD, dj§Â�iVf dhlzfk. ƒhbct jfƒsqm (v}) hstb, bhD � pJb bfmfsp l]fVfskb kJb `zfïfù zfjhfv' htskb. ˆv iCshG dkdb djYc htskb bf ˆhQ smfseƒ dbqk mcsJ …¤yfvB jvskb bf. dkdb ˆ jKfW htskb bf sp, (bfWqfƒkc zfb) `…nfïD dtïfdr nftfkfb---, zfïfrv …sÜswA zmcj bfmfp, sjhtfr mcsJ, yfv vfjzfk,�ƒmfm hf mcÙÁflD rsq iVdY.' zfv bf dkdb zflfq, jfpf hf hkGmfb Ivspv jKf�…sïJ jvskb. …ÙÁ�10�iajfv dhlzfkÈdtv sjfb�ˆjde wèW k]fv dbje rsk sj…ƒ hBGbf jsvb db; bf nrDr nbl äfvf, bf pqDI�äfvf, bf mcnbfl v™si, zfv bf-ƒ mcvnft v™si. hvQ k]fv sjfb nfrfhD rskW ‰ dbqskv jKf hdBGk rq db. sjfb kfshqDW kf htf …Ùm msb jsvb db, zfv bf-ƒ yfv ƒmfsmv sj…---. (pflct mfzfl 1/201) dkdb zbAÛ�hstb, dbqk sjfb dhNsqv�…iv msbv�ƒ¤Yf W nQj¬isj hst; pfv ²¿fb rt z§Àv. mcsJv nfsK ˆv zfslZ sjfb n©ijG sbƒ. ˆ ubAƒ bhD � rsk, zfv bf k]fv sjfb nfrfhD rsk sjfb iajfv (dbqskv) ˆjdeW wè hdBGk rq db ˆhQ zfmvf k]fslv dbje rsk ˆv sjfb …sïJW wcdb db. iv§Â ‰�nm²À wèfhtD pf idhÛkf (Wpc-sofnt) W bfmfp wcv¢ jvfv nmq (dbqk jvfv ubA) vybf jvf rsqsY, kf wqkfb J]csk stfjslv ubA iadkspfdokfv mqlfbv™si nxdó�jsvsY. spJfsb sn kfslvsj zfhÝ�jsv vfsJ, kfsk kfslvsj jóW dlsq Kfsj�ˆhQ kf nrDr-jvsBv iÇyfsk kfslvsj zfidkk jsv vfsJ. zfidb kfslv jf…sj slJshb, sn ‰ dbqksj mcsJ hfvhfv zfWVfs¤Y ˆhQ kf …¤yfvB jvfv ubA dbsu jk jó�öDjfv jvsY, zKy kf bfmfspv sjfb djYcƒ bq. i[f§Àsv dbqk rt sjfb jfu jvfv ubA nQj¬i jvfv bfm mfÛ---.�(ƒofnfkct tfrIfb 1/158) zfhfv hf²Àh ˆƒ sp, dbqskv ˆk ˆk wè-n©Hfv slsJ zsbsj bfmfp dwJskW Hq ifq. mcJ²¿�jvstW zsbsjv�‰�zbKGj dhNsq nmq hAq jvf rq mfÛ.�i[f§Àsv nCvf mcJ²¿�jsv 3de dj 4de! kfYfVf hù nfLfvB mfbcsNv dbjseƒ dbqskv wèfhtDsk kftsoft sJsq pfq. zsbsj kfv zKGƒ shfsU bf. zKy zKG bf hcUst dbqk zKGrDb. nckvfQ pf zfïfr W k]fv vnCstv dbslGw bq kfv diYsb zfmvf JfmfJf Yceh sjb?

ddbbqqsskk iiddvvhhkkGGbb bfmfp iVsk iVsk pdl dbqk idvhkGsbv lvjfv rq, kfrst nDmfhÝ�jsqjde bfmfsp kf jvf pfsh. spmb; Ivp iVsk iVsk jfsvf iasqfub rt kf bIt oBA jvsh. ˆv™i hVv dbqk jsv sYfesk idvhkGb jvsk ifsv. ksh ˆv ubA wkG ˆƒ sp, isv spb ‰ Ivp iVfv mk nmq zhdwó�Kfsj.


82

zbcv™i dbdlGó�ncâk (mczfÄflfr) iVsk iVsk pdl sj… kf nfLfvB bIt oBA jvsk yfq kfW wcÝ�rsh. i[f§Àsv ˆj Ivp iVsk iVsk zbA Ivspv dbqk jvf (spmb, zfnv iVsk iVsk msb iVt spfrv jfpf zfsY, nckvfQ kJbƒ spfrsvv dbqk jsv ‰ bfmfpefsj spfrsvv Lsv sbWqf) wcÝ�rsh bf.�…Hq bfmfpƒ hfdkt oBA rsh. klbcv™i nfLfvB bIt iVsk iVsk sjfb dbdlGó�ncâk hf bIt oBA jvfW wcÝ�rsh bf. spmb sjfb dbdlGó�ncâk iVsk iVsk zbA sjfb dbdlGó�ncâskv (spmb ˆwfv ncâk iVsk iVsk dhksvv) dbqk jvf wcÝ�bq. jfvB, wcv¢ sKsj dbdlGó�bfmfspv dbqk bf rst iCBG bfmfp wcÝ�rq bf. (mcm} 2/295-298, I…} 1/416) kû™i 2 vfjzfk ncâk iVsk iVsk 4 hf 4 vfjzfk iVsk iVsk 2 vfjzfk ncâskv dbqk wcÝ�bq. htf hfùtA, kfvfhDrv bfmfsp Hcst kxkDq vfjzfsk …sE sost msb iVfv nfsK nfsK hsn dosq bfmfp iCBG jsv nù dnulfr jvsk rsh. bsy{ 4 vfjzfskv dbqk jsv bfmfp iVst kf hfdkt oBA rsh. (mcm} 4/109-110)

dddjjjqqqfffmmm zfïfrv vnCt Ivp W ncâk bfmfp l]fdVsqƒ iVskb. mrfb zfïfr hstb, �

��/�&43��Aא +�]�j;و��C�+EA+�א5��"�و�א <Jא�+�'��E+�א$�'�;א <(�� zKGf{, skfmvf bfmfpnmCsrv iadk ˆhQ dhswN jsv mLAhkGD (zfnsvv) bfmfspv iadk pkhfb rW. zfv zfïfrv …sÜswA dhbDkHfsh làfqmfb rW. (jc} 2/238) zhwA znc²¿�hf z[m rst hsn�ˆhQ mcnfdIv rst nWqfvDv�…iv hsn bfmfp isVsYb. ƒmvfb dhb ùnfƒb hstb, zfmfv zwG svfo dYt. zfdm (djHfsh bfmfp iVh kf) zfïfrv vnCt � sj duÎfnf jvst dkdb htstb,�ªkcdm l]fdVsq bfmfp iV. bf ifvst hsn iV. kfW bf ifvst ifw¶Gslsw wcsq iV.« (hc}, zflf}, zf}, dm} 1248 bQ) nckvfQ n[m rst Ivp bfmfsp djqfm (l]fdVsq iVf) Ivp. (mcm} 4/112)

kkffjjhhDDssvv kkffrrvvDDmmff bfmfsp l]fdVsq bhD mchfwXdwv � `zfïf-ù zfjhfv' hst bfmfp wcv¢ jvskb. (ˆv iCshG `dhndmïfr' hf zbA djYc htskb bf.) bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsjW ˆƒ kjhDv iVsk zfslw dlsqsYb. zfv kfsj hstsYb, ªkk[B ipG§À sjfb mfbcsNvƒ bfmfp iCBG rsh bf, pk[B ipG§À bf sn dEj pKfKGv™si Wpc jsvsY. zk}iv `zfïfù zfjhfv' hstsY.« (k¶fhf}, dnnfb} 86ix})


83

dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, ªbfmfspv yfdhjfdE rt idhÛkf (sofnt-Wpc), (bfmfsp iashw jsv ifdKGh jmG W jKfhfkGf�ƒkAfdl) rfvfm jvfv wè rt kjhDv. zfv (bfmfp swN jsv sn nh) rftft jvfv wè rt nftfm.« (zflf}, dk}, rf}, ƒo} 301bQ) ˆƒ kjhDvW bfmfsp Ivp. `zfïfù zfjhfv' YfVf zbA wsè (spmb zfïfr zfufïX, zfïfù zf'pfm iaHxdk nmfKGshfLj) kjhDv ShL W psKó�bq. (mcm} 3/26) ƒhbct jfƒsqm (v}) hstb, `kfrvDmfv nmq k]fv zHAfn dYt, `zfïfù zfjhfv' wè htf. zbA sjfb wè bq. zfv k]fv dbje rsk sj…ƒ ˆƒ wè YfVf zbA wsè kjhDv hBGbf jsvb db.' (pflct mfzfl 1/201-202) kfjhDsv kfrvDmf htfv nmq (ˆjec zfso, nfsK nfsK hf ˆjec isv) mrfbhD � k]fv dbu rfk lc'desj j]fL hvfhv kctskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 793bQ) zfv jJsbf jJsbf jfsbv †L¶GfQw hvfhvW `vIXsq qAflfƒb' jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 795bQ) rfk skftfv nmq k]fv rfskv zfÌctÈstf tìf (snfuf) rsq Kfjk. (uVnV rsq Kfjk bf). zfv zfÌctÈstfv mfsU (Jch shwD) I]fj jvskb bf, zfhfv�ˆj zisvv nfsK dmdtsqW vfJskb bf. (zflf}, ƒJc} 459bQ, rf}) iajfw Kfsj sp, `vIXsq qAflfƒb' jvfv nmq jfsbv tdk ²iwG jvf dhsLq bq. spmb ˆƒ nmq mfKf kcst …iv dlsj kfjfsbfW zdhsLq. (mh} 23/95) klbcv™i rfk skftfv iv dbsy Ucdtsq dlsq kfviv rfk h]fLfW dHdÙrDb. (mcm} 3/43) spmb kjhDsvv iCshG bfmfp wcv¢ jvfv nmq `dhndmïfr' htf dhlzfk. (‰ 1/133)

rr²²ÀÀ--hháább ˆviv bhD mchfwXdwv � k]fv Ffb rfksj hfm rfskv …iv vfJskb. (mc}, zflf} ƒo} 352bQ) zfv dkdb htskb, ªzfmvf zfdìqfv lt wDOa�ƒIkfvD jvsk, slvD jsv snrvD sJsk ˆhQ bfmfsp Ffb rfksj hfm rfskv …iv vfJsk zfdló�rsqdY.« (k¶fhf}, mfpf} 2/105) ˆjlf dkdb bfmfsp vk ˆj hAdÙÁv ifw dlsq ifv rsk dosq slJstb, sn kfv hfm rfksj Ffb rfskv�…iv svsJsY. dkdb kfv rfk YfdVsq Ffb rfksj hfm rfskv�…iv yfdisq dlstb. (zf} 3/381, zflf} 755bQ) nfrXt dhb nf'l hstb, stfsjvf zfdló�rk, kfvf spb bfmfsp kfslv Ffb rfksj hfm iasjfô (rfskv vtfv) …iv vfsJ. (hc} 740bQ) Wqfƒt dhb ùuXv hstb, dkdb Ffb rfksj hfm rfskv sysefv diE, jdç W iasjfsôv …iv vfJskb. (zflf} 727 bQ, bf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}) jJsbf hf Ffb rfk äfvf hfm rfksj LfvB jvskb. (zflf} 726bQ, bf}, dk} 252, lfvf}) zfïfmf zfthfbD hstb, …ÙÁ�rflDn�ˆƒ jKfv ltDt sp, ncâk rt Ffb rfk dlsq hfm


84

rfksj LfvB jvf. zfv iCshGv rflDn iamfB jsv sp, Ffb rfk hfm rfskv …iv (LfvB bf jsv) vfJf ncâk. nckvfQ …Hq iajfv zfmtƒ ncâk. i[f§Àsv ˆjƒ nsÌ�iasjfsôv …iv vfJf ˆhQ LfvB jvf -pf djYc ivhkGD rfbfID …tfmfoB …Ùm msb jsvsYb kf dhlzfk. W]slv�…sïJ msk kfv iÝdk rt�ˆƒ sp, Ffb rfksj hfm rfskv …iv vfJsh, jsV W hcsVf zfÌct dlsq hfm rfskv iasjfô (vtf)sj LfvB jvsh. zfv hfjD dkbde zfÌct kfv�…iv dhdYsq slsh. (rfdwqf�ƒhsb zfshlDb 1/454) nckvfQ …ÙÁ�ivhkGDosBv jKfq zfidb sLfjf Jfshb bf. (dnnfb} 88ix}, 3bQ eDjf) i[f§Àsv …Hq rflDsnv …iv zfmt jvsk rst jJsbf bf Lsv vfJsk rsh ˆhQ jJsbf LfvB jvsk rsh. spsrkc ˆjƒ nsÌ�‰�iÝdk rflDsn hdBGk rq db. iajfw Kfsj sp, Ffb rfk äfvf hfm rfskv hfuc LvfvW sjfb dHdÙ�sbƒ. (mcm} 3/45)

rrffkk vvffJJffvv uuffqqooff

ˆviv mrfbhD � …Hq rfksj hcsjv …iv vfJskb. (zflf} 759 bQ, ƒJc} 479 bQ, zf}, zfhcw wfqJ iamcJ) iasjfsôv …iv iasjfô vfJfv zfslw ˆjKfW iamfB jsv sp, rfk hcsjv …isvƒ h]fLf rsh. bsy{ kfv dbsy ‰Hfsh vfJf n©Hh bq. mcrfdÜn zfthfbD (v}) hstb, hcsjv …isvƒ rfk h]fLf ncâfrsk iamfdBk. zfv ˆv zbAKf rq pqDI, bf rq dHdÙrDb. (dnnfb} 88ix}) hcsj vsqsY r™lq. pfv …iv rfk vfJst zb§À iawfd§À, ˆjf§À dhbq W dbkf§À zflh zdHhAÙÁ�rq.

ƒƒdd²²ÀÀIIXXkkffrrvv llcczzff bhD mchfwXdwv � bfmfsp k]fv lxdó�zhbk jsv dnulfv�²¿fsb dbhÝ�vfJskb. (hf}, rf},

ƒo} 354 bQ) bfmfspv iafvs©H dkdb dhdHâ v™si zfïfrv iawQnf W ²Âdk hBGbf jvskb�ˆhQ iafKGbf jvskb. iv§Â�bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsjW dkdb hstdYstb,�ªsjfb hAdÙÁvƒ bfmfp kk[B ipG§À n©iCBG rsh bf, pk[B ipG§À bf sn kjhDv dlsqsY, zfïfr zfpXpf zufïfv iawQnf W ²Âdk hBGbf jsvsY�ˆhQ pKfn©Hh jcvzfb ifE jsvsY.« (zflf} 857 bQ, rf}) ˆƒ zh²¿fq dkdb dhdHâ nmq W bfmfsp dhdHâ lczf isVsYb. pfv djYc dbm´v™i}- 1111.... rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � pJb bfmfsp (kfrvDmfv) kjhDv dlskb, kJb dj¶vfzfk wcv¢ jvfv iCshG djYc[B yci Kfjskb. zfdm httfm,


85

`sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfmfv dikf-mfkf zfibfv ubA jcvhfb srfj. zfidb kjhDv W dj¶vfzfskv mfsU yci sKsj dj isVb zfmfsj hst dlb.' dkdb htstb, ªzfdm hdt,

،א� B��k�# و�אא #��22ق��/�&� �J��22�$�� #2�.�H��j�O�/�&� 9�1و��&� ��$�� @�<22W' א��/C�19c*�3�@�<W'�'��و�א ��دx و�א)��# � �H��j�O�%L_א�@�<W' א��3،�/�א �C��&� �+��Bא��x א;N*�9��#�.��j�] א.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf hf-ƒl hfƒbD z hfƒbf Jfk¶f-qAf-qAf jfmf hf-zfÙf hfƒbft mfwdvdj zt mfodvh, zfïf-ù©mf bfdÄ¶bD dmbft Jfk¶f-qAf, jfmf qcAbfÄ¶fN NfWhct zfhqAfp¶c dmbflX lfbfn, zfïfù-©mfoXdnt Jfk¶f-qAf-qAf dht mf-dq zNXNftdu ztXhfvfl. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfv mfsU W zfmfv sofbfrnmCsrv mfsU ˆkef hAhLfb vfJ spmb kcdm iChG W idÇysmv mfsU hAhLfb svsJY. sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfsj sofbfrnmCr sKsj idv®jfv jsv lfW spmb nflf jfiV mqtf sKsj idv®jfv jvf rq. sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfv sofbfrnmCrsj ifdb, hvI W jvdj l¶fvf sLZk jsv lfW.« (hc} 744, mc} 598, zflf} 781, bf}, lf}, zfzf} 2/98, ƒmf} 805, zf} 2/231, 494, ƒzfwf} 29199 bQ) t[ABDq sp, …ÙÁ�lczfde dkdb Ivp bfmfsp htskb. (dnnfb} 91ix}) 2222.... zfhC nf„l W zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � bfmfspv wcv¢sk ˆƒ lczf ifE jvskb,

��&�_�� ?��و�=��א]�#��Dو�=��,��fو��#�� و�@�<W' א�D�3��[. …¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- nchrf-bfjfïf-ù©mf zdhrfmdljf zkfhf-vfjfnmcjf zkfzf'-tf ufÜcjf z tf ƒtf-rf ofqv¢jX. zKG} zKG} zKG} zKG}---- skfmfv iawQnfv nfsK skfmfv idhÛkf hBGbf jdv sr zfïfr! skfmfv bfm zdk hjGkmq, skfmfv mfrfk¹A zdk …¤y ˆhQ kcdm YfVf sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ. (zflf} 776, dk}, ƒmf} 806, k¶frfhD 1/117, lfvf} 113, hf} 2/34, rf} 1/235, bf}, lf}, ƒzfwf}) mrfbhD � hstb, ªdb}ns¦lsr zfïfrv dbje nhsysq diaq jKf rt hf¦lfv `nchrfbfjfïfù©mf---' htf.« (kfWrDl, ƒhsb mf¦lfr, bf}, dnn} 2939 bQ) 3333.... mrfbhD Ivsp W bIst kfjhDsv kfrvDmfv iv htskb,

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86

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…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- �zuXufrkc zudrqf dtïfpD Ifk¶fvfnX nfmf-Wqf-dk ztXzfvp¶f rfbDI]f… zmf zfbf dmbft mcwdvjDb. ƒâf nftf-kD zbcncjD zmfrqAf-qAf zmfmf-kD dtïf-dr vfdêt zf'-tfmDb. tf wfvDjf tfù zdhpf-dtjf …dmvkc zzfbf zfWqftct mcndtmDb.� zfïf-ù©mf zf§Àft mfdtjc tf ƒtf-rf ƒïf zf§ÀX. nchrf-bfjf zdhrfmdljf zf§Àf vfêD z zfbf zfècj. pftfmkc bfInD z'kfvfIkc dhpfmhD, IfodIvtD pfmhD ufmDzfb ƒâfù tf qAfodIv¢p pcbChf ƒïf zf§ÀX. zrdlbD dtzfrnfdbt zfJtf-dj tf qAfrlD dtzfrdnbrf ƒïf zf§ÀX. zn¶XdvI zfâD nfƒdqAzfrf tf qAfn¶XdvIc zfâD nfƒdqAzfrf ƒïf zf§ÀX. tfêfƒjf z nf'lfƒj, ztJfqv¢ jcïcù ID qAflfƒj. zwXwfvG¢ tfƒnf ƒtfƒj, zt-mfrlDqcA mfb rflfƒk, zfbf dhjf z ƒtfƒj. tf mfbuf ztf mftufzf dmbjf ƒïf ƒtfƒj, kfhf-vfjkf zkfzf'-tfƒk, zf²ÀfoXdIv¢jf z zfkChc ƒtfƒjX. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- zfdm ˆjdbô rsq k]fv iadk mcJ dIdvsqdY dpdb zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhD nxdó jsvsYb, zfv zfdm mcwdvjslv z§ÀHcGÙÁ bƒ. dbÇyq zfmfv bfmfp, zfmfv jcvhfbD, zfmfv uDhb W zfmfv mvB dhw¶-ufrfsbv iadkiftj zfïfrvƒ ubAƒ. k]fv sjfb zQwD sbƒ. zfdm ˆ nìsáƒ zfdló rsqdY ˆhQ zfdm zfk¹nmiGBjfvDslv iaKm. sr zfïfr! kcdmƒ hflwfr kcdm YfVf sj… nkA …ifnA sbƒ. zfdm skfmfv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv. kcdm zfmfv iaHc W zfdm skfmfv lfn. zfdm dbsuv …iv zkAfyfv jsvdY ˆhQ zfdm zfmfv zivfL öDjfv jsvdY. nckvfQ kcdm zfmfv nm²À zivfL mfuGbf jsv lfW, spsrkc kcdm YfVf zbA sj… zivfL [mf jvsk ifsv bf. nc¦lvkm ydvsÛv iadk zfmfsj iK slJfW, spsrkc kcdm YfVf zbA sj… nc¦lvkm ydvsÛv iadk iK slJfsk ifsv bf. m¦l ydvÛsj zfmfv dbje rsk lCsv vfJ, spsrkc kcdm YfVf zbA sj… m¦l ydvÛsj zfmfv dbje sKsj lCv jvsk ifsv bf. zfdm skfmfv zfbcoskA rfduv ˆhQ skfmfv zfÎf mfbsk ia²Âk. pfhkDq jtAfB skfmfv rfsk ˆhQ ms¦lv n©ijG skfmfv iadk bq. zfdm skfmfv zbcoasr zfdY ˆhQ skfmfvƒ iadk zfmfv iakAfhkGb. kcdm hvjkmq W mdrmmq, skfmfv dbje [mf iafKGbf jdv ˆhQ skfmfv dlsjƒ iakAfhkGb jdv. (mc} 771, zfzf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒdr} zf}, wfsIqD, k¶fhf}) 4444---- "�&!�� 8�و&��א،و�]��ن�א5x�.&��א،א� ��#��5��.��.��E5א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}- zfïf-ù zfjhfv¢ jfhDvf, ztrfmlc dtïf-dr jfnDvf, z nchrf-bfïf-dr hcjvfk]f… z zfnDtf. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- zfïfr zdk mrfb, zfïfrv zsbj zsbj iawQnf, zfdm njft-náAfq zfïfrv idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv.


87

ˆƒ lczfde dlsq bIt bfmfp wcv¢ jvsk rq. uSbj nfrfhD ˆƒ lczf dlsq bfmfp wcv¢ jvst mrfbhD � htstb, ªˆƒ lczfv ubA zfdm dhdn¹k rsqdY. jfvB Wv ubA zfnmfsbv lvufnmCr …¦mcÙÁ�jvf rt.« ƒhsb …mfv hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv dbje ‰ jKf swfbfv iv sKsj zfdm sjfb dlb ‰ lczf iVsk YfdV db. (mc} 601, zfzf}, dk}) zfhC bczfƒm `zfJhfv¢ zfnhfrfb' oas§¿�(1/210)�uchfƒv dhb mck¶ƒm rsk hBGbf jsvsYb sp, dkdb bhD � sj …ÙÁ�lczf bIt bfmfsp iVsk wcsbsYb. 5555.... rpvk zfbfn hstb, `ˆj hAdÙÁ�r]fifsk r]fifsk jfkfsv wfdmt rsq htt,

��&(�.��fC��&�Gא��&x�.א��#�� .א� ��#��5 …¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zftrfmlc dtïf-dr rfmXlfb jfnDvfb k¶fƒdqAhfm mchf-vfjfb IDr. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- zfïfrv ubA njt iawQnf; sp iawQnf zuna, idhÛ�W iafycpGmq. zfïfrv vnCt � bfmfp swN jvfv iv htstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj ‰ lczf ifE jsvsY?« stfsjvf njst yci Kfjt. icbvfq dkdb htstb, ªsj hstsY ‰ lczf? sp hstsY, sn m¦l hst db.« …ÙÁ�hAdÙÁ�htt, `zfdmƒ r]fifsk r]fifsk ˆsn hst sIstdY.' dkdb htstb, ªzfdm 12 ub dIdvñfsj slJtfm, k]fvf�‰�lczf (zfïfrv lvhfsv) …id²¿k jvfv ubA iadkspfdokf jvsY!« (mc} 600, zfzf}) 6666.... dkdb kfrfÏcslv bfmfspv wcv¢sk iVskb,

Jو�א��#�L2 א2&�@��A�l2�3��2�#�� א�D2� و�،�/�<�&2(�/2�Cو�و�א��ض�Jو�א��#�L2 א2�3+��l2�3��#�� א�D� �@�<W' א��،و� ��Dא ��#��2�3/�<�&(�/�Cو�و�א��ض�Jو�א��#�L אED'�C�l�3��#�� א�D� و�،�/�<�&(�/�Cو�و�א��ض�fe2�� א�l

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�D . …¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïf-ù©mf tfjft rfmlc zf§Àf bCv¢n nfmf-Wqf-dk ztzfvdp¶ zmfb IDdrâX. ztfjft rfmlc zf§Àf jfƒdqAmcn nfmf-Wqf-dk ztzfvdp¶ zmfb IDdrâX. ztfjft rfmlc zf§Àf mfdtjcn nfmf-Wqf-dk ztzfvdp¶ zmfb IDdrâX. ztfjft rfmlc zf§Àft rfÄ¶, zWqf'lcjft rfÄ¶X, zjfWtcjft rfÄ¶X, zdtj¶f-…jf rfÄ¶, ztufâfkc rfÄ¶, zâf-v¢ rfÄ¶, znXnf-zfkc rfÄ¶, zâfdhqCAbf rfÄ¶, zmcrf©mflcb rfÄ¶X. zfïf-ù©mf tfjf zfntfmkc zzftfƒjf kfWqfÄftkc zdhjf zf-mfbkc zƒtfƒjf zfbfhkc, zdhjf Jf-


88

nfmkc zƒtfƒjf rf-jfmkc zf§Àf vfêcbf zƒtfƒjft mfnDv. IfoXdIvtD mf j¶fÜfmkc zmf zfJXJfvkc zmf zfnvfvkc zmf zf'tfbkc zmf zf§Àf zf'tfmc dhrD dmâD. zf§Àft mcj¶fdÜmc zzf§Àft mczfJXdJv¢ zf§Àf ƒtf-rD, tf ƒtf-rf ƒïf zf§Àf ztf rfWtf ztf j¶c…Wqfkf ƒïf dhj. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! skfmfvƒ pfhkDq iawQnf. kcdm zfjfwmàtD, ixdKhD ˆhQ …Hsqv msLA zhd²¿k njt djYcv suAfdk. skfmfvƒ nm²À iawQnf, kcdm zfjfwmàtD, ixdKhD W …Hsqv msLA zhd²¿k njt djYcv dbq§Àf, skfmfvƒ nm²À iawQnf. kcdm zfjfwmàtD, ixdKhD W …Hsqv msLA zhd²¿k njt djYcv zdLidk. skfmfvƒ nm²À iawQnf, kcdmƒ nkA, skfmfv iadkwa¢dkƒ nkA, skfmfv jKfƒ nkA, skfmfv nf[f{ nkA, ufâfk nkA, ufrfâfm nkA, djqfmk nkA, bhDoB nkA, mcrf©ml (�) nkA. sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfvƒ dbje zfk¹nmiGB jsvdY, skfmfv …isvƒ Hvnf jsvdY, skfmfv …isvƒ „mfb (dhw¶fn) svsJdY, skfmfv dlsj zdHmcJD rsqdY, skfmfvƒ nfrfspA dhkjG jsvdY, skfmfvƒ dbje dhyfv dbsq sodY. kcdm zfmfslv iadkiftj, skfmfvƒ dlsj iakAfhkGb²¿t. zkˆh kcdm zfmfv iCshGv, isvv, ocå, iajfwA ˆhQ pf kcdm zdLj ufb sn nh ifisj mfI jsv lfW. kcdmƒ iaKm, kcdmƒ swN. kcdm zfmfv …ifnA, kcdm YfVf sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ ˆhQ skfmfv kWIDj YfVf ifi sKsj dIvfv W n{jfu (bVf-nvf) jvfv nfLA sbƒ. (hc}, mc}, zfzf}, zflf}, lf}, dm} 1211 bQ) dbsmfÙÁ�lczfÈdtW dkdb kfrfÏcslv bfmfspv wcv¢sk ifE jvskb}- 7777.... `nchrfbfjfïfù©mf---' (2bQ lczf) isV `tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr' 3 hfv, ˆhQ `zfïfù zfjXhfv¢ jfhDvf' 3 hfv. (zflf}, 775 bQ, k¶frf}, dnnfb} 94ix})

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…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïf-ù©mf vfêf duhvf-„tf zmDjf-„tf z ƒnvf-IDt. If-dkvfn nfmf-Wqf-dk ztzfvp¶, zf-dtmft ofqdh zwXwfrf-lfr. zf§Àf kfrjcmc hfƒbf ƒhfdljf IDmf jf-bC IDdr qAfJkfdtICb. ƒrdlbD dtmfJkcdtIf IDdr dmbft rfdÄ¶ dhƒpdbj, ƒâfjf kfrlD mfb kfwf-… ƒtf dn¶vf-dk¶m mcnkfj¶Dm. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! sr duhvf„t, mDjf„t W ƒnvfIDstv iaHc! sr zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDv nxubjkGf! sr lxwA W zlxswAv idvÎfkf! kcdm skfmfv hf¦lfslv mfsU mDmfQnf jv sp dhNsq Wvf mksHl jsv. sp dhNsq mksHl jvf rsqsY sn dhNsq kcdm zfmfsj skfmfv zbcoasr nskAv iK slJfW. dbÇyq kcdm pfsj ƒ¤Yf nvt iK sldJsq Kfj. (mc}, zfzf}, zflf} 767, dm} 1212 bQ) 9999.... `zfïfù zfjhfv' 10hfv, `zftrfmlc dtïf-r' 10hfv, `nchrf-bfïfr' 10hfv, `tf


89

ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr'10hfv, `zf²ÀfodIv¢ïfr' 10hfv, `zfïf-ù©mfodIv tD zrdlbD zvpcj¶bD zzf-dIbD' (zKGf{ sr zfïfr! zfmfsj [mf jv, srlfqfk jv, v¢du W dbvfiÙf lfW) 10 hfv, ˆhQ `zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zf†pc dhjf dmbfp¶p¶fƒdj¶ ƒqf…mft drnfh' (zKGf{ sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm drnfshv dlsb nQjDBGkf sKsj skfmfv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY) 10 hfv. (zf}, ƒzfwf}, zflf} 766 bQ, k¶fhf} zf…nfk¶ 2/62) 10101010.... `zfïfù zfjhfv' 3 hfv. zk}iv,

w�#��و�א ��)��و�א 8Jو��n و�אJ�+E8�'�# אذ�و.

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB- pct mftfjCdk ztufhfvCdk ztdjhdvqf-dq, ztzfpfmfr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- (zfïfr) nfhGsHZmk¶, iahtkf, ohG W mfrfsk¹Av zdLjfvD. (zflf} 874 bQ)

ddjj¶¶vvffzzffkk wwccvv¢¢ jjvvffvv iiCCsshhGG ƒƒdd²²ÀÀzzffppffrr

…isvfÙÁ�ˆjde lczf iVfv iv bhD mchfwXdwv � dj¶vfzfk wcv¢ jvfv ubA wqkfb sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jvskb, htskb,

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…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB- zf†pc dhïf-drn nfmDƒt zftDm, dmbfw wfƒk¶f-dbv vfuDm, dmb rfmdprD zbfIdJrD zbfIdNr. zKzKzKzK G- zfdm nhGswafkf nhGÎfkf zfïfrv dbje dhkfdVk wqkfb sKsj kfv iasvfybf W Ic{jfv rsk zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. (zflf} 775, lfvf}, dk}, rf}, ƒzfwf}, ƒdr}, ƒo} 342bQ)

`ddhhnnddmmïïffrr'' iiffEE ˆviv bhD mchfwXdwv � )A��?*�(א��א)�*?�%��א��A� ��( `dhndmïf-drv vfrmf-dbv vfrDm'

(zb§À jv¢Bfmq, ivm lqftc zfïfrv bfsm zfv©H jvdY.) ifE jvskb. ˆdesj dkdb db}wsèƒ iVskb. ˆ YfVf nwsè `dhndmïfr' iVfv hAfifsv sjfb ±ió�W nrDr rflDn sbƒ. (kfdm} 196ix}) zfbfn hstb, zfdm bhD �, zfhC hjXv W …mfv ˆv nfsK bfmfp isVdY. k]fvf njstƒ `zftrfmlc dtïf-dr vfdêt zf-tfmDb' hst dj¶vfzfk wcv¢ jvskb. (hc} 743,


90

zflf} 782, dk} 246, bf} 867 bQ iamcJ) zbA ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstb, k]fvf dj¶vfzfskv wcv¢sk hf swsNW `dhndmïfdrv vfrmfdbv vfrDm' …sïJ jvskb bf. zfv ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstb, k]fslv jf…sjƒ `dhndmïfdrv vfrmfdbv vfrDm' htsk wcdb db. (mc} 399, nbf} 870, 871bQ, ƒdr})

nnCCvvff IIffddkkrrff iiffEE zk}iv mrfbhD � survD (mfodvh, ˆwf, Iuv, ucmzfr, kfvfhDr, „l iaHxdk) bfmfsp nwsè W dnvGD (spfrv, zfnv, ncâk iaHxdk) bfmfsp db}wsè nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jvskb,

� ��2��+�م�א ��/،?��2��3و�?��D ��C،@�&��2��3א ��#��5��B�א �� #&�/�،א� ��#/�א ��M��4&�/،א�L2�3��

/�&c ��V א��$�'�&�>�@�و�B�+�V�k�# א��&�_�@�<�&�'�$�l�#��3��/��6N אאط��!،@�&*�4�L�# אא <��אط��. …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- zftrfmlc dtïf-dr vfdêt zf'-tfmDb. zfvvfrmf-dbv vfrDm. mf-dtdj qAf…dmÜDb. ƒqAf-jf bf'hclc zƒqAf-jf bf²Àf„b. ƒrXdlbfnX dn¶vf-k¶ft mc²Àfj¶Dm. dn¶vf-k¶fïfpDbf zfbXzf'mkf zftfƒdrm. ofƒdvt mfop¶Cdh zftfƒdrm ztfp¶ p¶f-ïDb. zKG} zKG} zKG} zKG}---- nm²À iawQnf nfvf ufrfsbv iadkiftj zfïfrv ubA. dpdb zb§À jv¢Bfmq, ivm lqftc. dpdb dhyfv dlsbv mfdtj. zfmvf sjht skfmfvƒ ƒhflk jdv ˆhQ skfmfvƒ jfsY nfrfpA yfƒ. zfmfslvsj nvt iK slJfW; kfslv iK -pfslvsj kcdm icvõfv lfb jsvY. kfslv iK bq -pfvf sÛÁfLHfub (ƒqfùlD) ˆhQ pfvf iKëó (dJaófb). ˆƒ nCvf dkdb sKsm sKsm iVskb; `dhndmïfdrv vfrmfdbv vfrDm' isV Kfmskb. zk}iv `zftrfmlc dtïfdr vfdêt zf'-tfmDb' hst Kfmskb. zfv zbcv™i iaskAj zfqfk swsN sKsm sKsm iVskb. (zflf}, rf}, ƒo} 343bQ) nckvfQ ˆjƒ nfsK jsqjde zfqfksj udVsq iVf ncâskv idvi§¿D zfmt. iv±iv jsqjde zfqfk zsKG n©ixÙÁ�rstW iaskAj zfqfskv swsN sKsm iVfƒ mc²Àfrfh. (dnnfb} 96ix})

bbffmmffsspp nnCCvvff IIffddkkrrffvv ÈÈvv¢¢kk¶¶ mrfbhD � htskb, ªsnƒ hAdÙÁv bfmfp rq bf, sp hAdÙÁ�kfsk nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jsv bf.«�(hc}, mc}, zfzf}, hf}, ƒo} 302bQ) ªsnƒ hAdÙÁv bfmfp psKó�bq, sp kfsk nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jsv bf.«�(lfvf}, ƒdr}, ƒo} 302bQ)


91

ªsp hAdÙÁ�ˆmb sjfbW bfmfp isV, pfsk sn nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jsv bf, kfv�‰�bfmfp (oHGycAk�ë™sBv bAfq) zn©iCBG, zn©iCBG.« (mc}, zfzf}, dm} 823bQ) ªzfïfr kfzftf hstb, `zfdm bfmfp (nCvf Ifdkrf)sj zfmfv W zfmfv hf¦lfv mfsU zfLfzfdL Hfo jsv dbsqdY; zsLGj zfmfv ubA ˆhQ zsLGj zfmfv hf¦lfv ubA. zfv zfmfv hf¦lf kfƒ ifq, pf sn iafKGbf jsv.' nckvfQ hf¦lf pJb hst, `zftrfmlc dtïfdr vfdêt zf-tfmDb.' kJb zfïfr kfzftf hstb, `zfmfv hf¦lf zfmfv iawQnf jvt.' zk}iv hf¦lf pJb hst, `zfvvfrmf-dbv vfrDm.' kJb zfïfr hstb, `hf¦lf zfmfv ²Âdk hBGbf jvt.' zfhfv hf¦lf pJb hst, `mf-dtdj qAf…dmÜDb.' kJb zfïfr kfzftf hstb, `hf¦lf zfmfv soZvh hBGbf jvt.' hf¦lf pJb hst, `ƒqAf-jf bf'hclc zƒqAf-jf bf²Àf„b.' kJb zfïfr hstb, `ˆef zfmfv W zfmfv hf¦lfv mfsU. zfv zfmfv hf¦lf kfƒ ifq, pf sn iafKGbf jsv.' zk}iv hf¦lf pJb hst, `ƒrdlbfn dn¶vf-k¶ft mc²ÀfjDm. dn¶vf-k¶fïfpDbf zfbzfmkf zftfƒdrm, ofƒdvt mfop¶Cdh zftfƒdrm ztfp¶ p¶f-ïDb.' kJb zfïfr hstb, `ˆ nh djYc zfmfv hf¦lfv ubA. zfv zfmfv hf¦lf pf yfq, kfƒ ifsh.« (mc} 395, zflf}, dk}, zfzf}, iamcJ, dm} 823bQ) ª…©mct jcvzfb (jcvzfsbv ubbD nCvf Ifdkrf) ˆv mk zfïfr zfpXpf zufïX kfWvfsk ˆhQ ƒdÓst sjfb djYcƒ zhkDBG jsvb db. ˆƒ (nCvfƒ) rt (bfmfsp iaskAj vfjzfsk) idEk 7de zfqfk ˆhQ mrf jcvzfb, pf zfmfsj lfb jvf rsqsY.« (bf}, rf}, dk}, dm} 2142 bQ) bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj mrfbhD � ˆƒ nCvf kfv bfmfsp ifE jvsk zfslw dlsqdYstb. (hc} ucp…t dj¶vfzfr, dnnfb} 98ix}) zkˆh bfmfsp ˆ nCvf ifE jvf Ivp ˆhQ kf bfmfspv ˆjde v¢jXb.

`ääff--ïïDDbb'' bbff `ppff--ïïDDbb'' nCvf Ifdkrf ifsEv nmq pdl sj… kfv ˆjde rvsIv …¤yfvB zbA rvsIv mk jsv isV, kfrst ˆƒ mrf v¢jXb zflfq nrDr rsh bf. ‰ rvI (zfqfk)sj icb} wcÝ�jsv iVf uv¢vD. spmb pdl sj… ع�sj��, �f�sj��9�,ط��sj��isV kfrst kfv Ifdkrf

wcÝ�rsh bf. (zbcv™i sp sjfb nCvfƒ.) zfvhD hBGmftfv nhsysq jdEbkm …¤yfdvkhA z[v rt ض�.�ˆvW hfQtfq sjfb nm-…¤yfvBshfLj z[v sbƒ. pfv ubA ˆj swaBDv stJj ˆv …¤yfvB jvsk `p' dtsJb ˆhQ zbA swaBDv stJj dtsJ Kfsjb `l' hf `ä'.�zKy�…Hq�…¤yfvBƒ Hct. i[f§Àsv p]fvf `u'-ˆv …¤yfvB jsvb, k]fvfW Hct jsvb. zhwA ±ió�`l'-ˆv�…¤yfvB zfsvf mfvfk¹j Hct. zfnst ض�ˆv�…¤yfvB rq dusHv djbfvf (Fof bq)�ˆhQ�…isvv mfdVv (siNj)


92

l]fskv�±iswG. pf `p' W `l'-ˆv mLAhkGD�…¤yfvB. zhwA `p' hf�m�ˆv mk�…¤yfvB

ndEjkfv zsbj jfYfjfdY. i[f§Àsv `l'-ˆv …¤yfvB dusHv …idv zQw W nfmsbv l]fskv mfdVv sofVfv ±iswG rsq Kfsj. nckvfQ ض�ˆv�…ÙÁ�…¤yfvB jvf sbrfkƒ Hct. (slJcb mcm} 3/91-94) �ض ˆv�…¤yfvB�m�hf `p'-ˆv jfYfjfdY rWqfv zfsvf�ˆjde ltDt�ˆƒ sp, zfvshv

stfj wa¢dkdtJsbv nmq wsèv ض� z[vsj�m�dtsJ�ˆhQ jJsbf hf �m z[svv s[sÛ� �dtsJ Hct jsv Kfsjb. zfv�ˆ�jKf iÛ-idÛjf�ˆhQ hù hƒ-ic²ÀsjW zfvhDض�

ifEsjv busv isV. nckvfQ zfdm msb jdv sp, ض� pJb�m�ˆv ufk Hfƒ ˆhQ د� ˆv ufk Hfƒ bq, kJb kfv …¤yfvB dtJsk `p' z[v dtJfƒ pcdÙÁpcÙÁ.�zhwA kfv dbsy sYfe `h' tfdosq `p¶' dtJst �m sKsj ifKGjA dbhGfyb jvf nru rq.

`zzff--mmDDbb'' hhttff nCvf Ifdkrf swN jsv bhD mchfwXdwv � (survD bfmfsp) nwsè sesb `zf-mDb' htskb. (hc} ucp…t dj¶vfzfr, zflf} 932, 933bQ) iv§Â�dkdb mcÙÁflDslvsj�ƒmfsmv `zfmDb' htf wcv¢ jvfv iv `zfmDb' htsk zfslw dlsqsYb. dkdb hstb, ªƒmfm pJb `ofƒdvt mfop¶Cdh zftfƒdrm ztfp p¶f-ïDb' htsh, kJb skfmvf `zfmDb' ht. jfvB, dIdvñfhoG `zfmDb' hst Kfsjb. zfv�ƒmfmW `zfmDb' hst. (zbA ˆj hBGbf msk) ƒmfm pJb `zfmDb' htsh, kJb skfmvfW `zfmDb' ht. jfvB, pfv `zfmDb' htf dIdvñfhsoGv `zfmDb' htfv nfsK nfsK rq- (zbA�ˆj hBGbfq) skfmfslv sj… pJb bfmfsp `zfmDb' hst ˆhQ dIdvñfhoG zfjfsw `zfmDb' hstb, zfv iv±isvv `zfmDb' htf ˆjƒ nfsK rq -kJb kfv iCshGjfv ifivfdw mfI jsv slWqf rq.« (slJcb, hc} 780-782, 4475, 6402, mc}, zflf} 932-933, 935-936, bf}, lf}) mrfbhD � zfsvf hstb, ªƒmfm `ofƒdvt mfop¶Cdh zftfƒdrm ztfp p¶f-ïDb' htst skfmvf `zfmDb' ht. kfrst (nCvf Ifdkrfq …sïdJk lczf) zfïfr skfmfslv ubA mÓcv jsv sbshb.« (k¶fhf}, nkf} 513bQ) htfƒ hfùtA sp, `zfmDb' ˆv zKG `jhct hf mÓcv jv.' ƒhsb ucvfƒu hstb, zfdm zfk¶f-sj duÎfnf jvtfm, `nCvf Ifdkrf ifsEv iv�ƒhsb pchfƒv `zfmDb' htskb dj?' …Ùsv zfk¶f htstb, `rA]f, zfv k]fv iÇyfsk mcÙÁflDvfW `zfmDb' htk.�ˆmbdj (`zfmDb'-ˆv�ÈÓvsB) mndul mcJdvk rsq�…Ek.' zk}iv


93

dkdb htstb, `zfmDb' skf ˆj iajfv lczf. (zfvf} 2640 bQ, mcrfïf 3/364, hc} kf'tDj, Ihf} 2/306) zfhC ùvfƒvf mfvWqfb dhb rfjfsmv mczfpdpb dYstb. dkdb wkG tfofstb sp, `zfdm jfkfsv wfdmt rsq sodY ˆ jKf bf ufbfv iCshG (ƒmfm mfvWqfb) spb `ztfp p¶f-ïDb' bf hstb.' nckvfQ mfvWqfb `ztfp p¶f-ïDb' htst zfhC ùvfƒvf sesb `zfmDb' htskb. (hf} 2/59, hc} kf'tDj, Ihf} 2/306) bfsI' hstb, ƒhsb …mfv `zfmDb' htf kAfo jvskb bf. dkdb k]fv mcÙÁflDoBsjW `zfmDb' htsk�…äcÝ�jvskb. (hc} kf'tDj, Ihf} 2/306-307) isvv ‰w¶pG, …âdk hf mÌt slsJ jfkv hf�„NGfd¦hk rsq sn nshv L¶Qn jfmbfv bfmƒ ivwaDjfkvkf hf drQnf. ƒqfùl ˆmb ˆj ufdk, sp nhGlf mcndtmslv m¦l jfmbf jsv ˆhQ kfslv iaskAj mÌt W�…âdkv …iv L¶Qn-jfmbf W drQnf jsv. sjfb …âdk W mÌstv�…iv kfslv hV drQnf rq. zfhfv sjfbv�…iv sYfe drQnf. dj§Â�mcndtmslv nmCr mÌstv msLA ucmzfr, djhtfr, nftfm W�ƒmfsmv diYsb `zfmDb' htfv …iv Wslv drQnf nhsysq hV drQnf. mrfbhD � hstb, ªƒqfùl sjfb djYcv …iv skfmfslv zkef drQnf jsv bf, pkef nftfm W `zfmDb' htfv …iv jsv.« (ƒmf}, ƒJc}, nkf} 512bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªWvf ucmzfr -pf zfmvf ndEjv™si sisqdY, zfv Wvf ifq db, djhtfr -pf zfïfr zfmfslvsj ndEjv™si lfb jsvsYb, dj§Â�Wvf�ˆ�hAfifsvW�ëó�dYt, zfv�ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk zfmfslv `zfmDb' htfv�…isv pkef drQnf jsv, kkef drQnf zfmfslv zbAfbA dhNsqv�…iv jsv bf.« (zf}, nkf} 512bQ) iajfw sp, `zfmDb' W `zf-mDb' …Hq htfƒ wcÝ. (nkf} 278ix}) ƒmfsmv `zfmDb' htsk `zf-' wcv¢ jvfv iv ƒmfsmv nfsKƒ mcÙÁflDv `zfmDb' htf …dyk. ƒmfsmv htfv iCshG hf isv htf ƒmfsmv ˆj iajfv dhv¢ÝfyvB, pf dbdNÝ. (mcm} 3/97, dnn} 6/81)

ssuuffssvv `zzffmmDDbb'' bbff hhttffvv ˆjjddee ssJJ]]ffVVff ppccddÙÙÁÁ ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk db}wsè `zfmDb' htfv nmKGjvf nwsè `zfmDb' htfv diYsb Uft Lvfsbf pcdÙÁ�siw jsv Kfsjb sp, `nfrfhfvf bhDv diYcsk bfmfp iVsk iVsk ifdtsq spskb! kfƒ dkdb njtsj sufsv `zfmDb' htsk zfslw jsvdYstb, pfsk dkdb hcUsk ifsvb, k]fvf diYcsk mucl zfsYb!!' zftof dusHv ˆƒ sJ]fVf pcdÙÁsk vsqsY lcde zihfl; iaKmk} nfrfhfosBv bfmfspv iadk zbDrf iajfw kKf bfmfp W vnCt � sj kAfo jsv ifdtsq pfWqfv zihfl! däkDqk} mrfbhD � ˆv kvdhqsk Û¢de Kfjfv zihfl! zKy k]fv kvdhqk�ˆmb dYt sp, nfrfhfoB kDvdhÝ�zh²¿fskW bfmfp isV sosYb. jfkv rsq bfmfp sYsV slb db. kfYfVf zfïfrv vnCt � bfmfspv msLA bhczskv smfrv äfvf dbsuv diYsb


94

nfrfhfslv v¢jc-dnulf slJsk siskb. (hc}, mc} dm} 868 bQ) zkˆh k]fvf bfmfsp zfsYb, bf ifdtsq pfs¤Yb kf ufbfv ubA sufsv `zfmDb' htfsj hAhrfv k]fv dj iasqfub dYt? zfv pdl kfƒ rq, kfrst mfosvh W ˆwfv swN kxkDq W ykcKG vfjXzfsk ˆhQ spfrv-zfnsv dj hAhrfv jvskb? iv§Â�dkdb�öqQ sjb sufsv `zfmDb' htskb? htfƒ hfùtA sp, ˆef rt hÙÁfv nrDr ncâfrv iadk zhÎf W zbDrfv hdr}iajfw. zfv ˆv It zhwAƒ Hfstf bq.

`nnffjjXXkkffrr'' hhff [[BBjjfftt bbDDvvhhkkff nCvf Ifdkrf ifsEv iv ˆjec nfjkfr jvf hf djYc bf isV dhvdk sbWqf n©isjG hdBGk rflDn nrDr bq. (ƒo} 505, pƒmf} 844, 845, pzflf} 163/777, pdk} 42, dnp} 547bQ) nckvfQ zbcv™i dhvdk ˆhQ dhswN jsv mcÙÁflDoBsj nCvf Ifdkrf ifsEv ncspfo slWqfv�…sÜswA�ƒmfsmv dhvdk zdhsLq kKf dhlzfk. (dm} 1/295, 4bQ eDjf, dnp} 2/26, mcm} 3/102)

IIffddkkrrffvv iivv zzbbAA nnCCvvff iiffEE `zfmDb' htfv iv bhD mchfwXdwv � zbA ˆjde nCvf ifE jvskb. zfhC nf„l JclvD hstb, `zfmfslvsj zfslw jvf rsqsY sp, zfmvf spb nCvf Ifdkrf ˆhQ nfLAmk zbA nCvf ifE jdv.' (zflf} 818bQ) zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfsj ˆƒ sOfNBf jvsk zfslw jvstb sp, ªnCvf Ifdkrf ˆhQ zdkdvÙÁ�zbA nCvf ifE YfVf bfmfp rsh bf.« (‰�820bQ) iaskAj nCvf ifE jvfv iCshG `dhndmïf-drv vfrmf-dbv vfrDm' htf ncâk. (zflf} 784, 788bQ) zhwA nCvfv wcv¢ zQw sKsj bf iVst, zKGf{ nCvfv mLA hf swNfQw rsk ifE jvst `dhndmïfdrv---' htf dhsLq bq. jfvB, nCvfv mfsU kf sbƒ. (mcm} 3/105) nCvf bfmstv mfsU `dhndmïfr'v jKf ök§Ã. ˆƒ nCvf bhD � jJsbf jJsbf tìf iVskb. dkdb htskb,�ªsp bfmfspv djqfm tìf, sn bfmfpƒ swaôkm bfmfp.« (mc}, k¶frf}, dm} 800bQ) jJsbf hf nIv, jfdw, znc²¿kf zKhf sjfb dwwcv jfâf swfbfv jfvsB nQd[å�W sYfe nCvfW iVskb. spmb zfbfn hstb,�ˆjlf bhD � Iusvv bfmfsp jcvzfb mfuDslv nhsysq sYfe nCvf lc'de ifE jvstb. stfsjvf duÎfnf jvt,�`ˆk nQs[i jvstb sjb?' dkdb htstb,�ªˆj dwwcv jfâf wcbtfm. Hfhtfm, Wv mf zfmfslv nfsK bfmfp iVsY. kfƒ Wv mf-sj Wv ubA (kfVfkfdV) Icvnk slWqfv ƒ¤Yf jvtfm.« (zf}, ƒhsb zfhD lf†l, mfnfdrI, dnnfb} 102-103ix}) dkdb zfsvf htskb sp, ªzfdm bfmfsp msbfdbshw jsv ƒ¤Yf jdv sp, bfmfp tìf


95

jvh. dj§Â�dwwcv jfâf wcsb bfmfp nQs[i jsv dbƒ. jfvB, ufdb sp, dwwc j]flst (bfmfsp mwÈt) kfv mfsqv mb jdEbHfsh hAdKk rsh.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1130 bQ) zdLjfQw bfmfsp dkdb nCvfv iaKm sKsj wcv¢ jsv swN zhdL ifE jvskb. dkdb htskb, ªiaskAj nCvfsj kfv v¢jc W dnulfv zQw ialfb jv.« (ƒzfwf} 3711 bQ, zf}, mfjslnD) ªˆj-ˆjde nCvfv ubA ˆj-ˆjde vfjzfk.« (ƒhsb bfnXv, k¶frf}) zKGf{, ˆj vfjzfsk ˆjde iCBG nCvf iVf …Ùm. (dnnfb} 103ix}) zfhfv jJsbf dkdb ˆjde nCvfsj lcƒ vfjzfsk (zfLfzfdL Hfo jsv) ifE jvskb. jJsbf hf ˆjde nCvfsjƒ …Hq vfjzfskƒ (iCBGv™si) iVskb. (Iusvv bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk û}) zfhfv sjfb sjfb bfmfsp ˆj vfjzfskƒ lcƒ hf kskfdLj nCvf ˆjsÛ�iVskb. mrfbhD � ˆj hAdÙÁsj�ˆj durfslv snbfidkv™si siavB jvstb. sn kfslv bfmfsp ƒmfmdkjfst iaskAj nCvfv swsN `j¶ct ùzïfù zfrfl' spfo jsv dj¶vfzfk swN jvk. pJb kfvf dIsv ˆt kJb sn jKf zfïfrv vnCt ˆv dbje …sïJ jvt. dkdb htstb, ªskfmvf Wsj duÎfnf jv, sjb ˆmbde jsv?« nckvfQ kfvf Wsj duÎfnf jvst stfjde htt, `jfvB, nCvfdesk ivm lqftc (zfïfrv) ocBfhtD hdBGk rsqsY. kfƒ zfdm Wefsj (hfvhfv) iVsk Hfstfhfdn.' ˆjKf wcsb dkdb htstb, ªWsj nQhfl lfW sp, zfïfr zfpXpf zufïXfW Wsj Hfstf hfsnb.« (hc} 7375 bQ, mc} 813 bQ) jchfv mndusl ˆj hAdÙÁ�zfbnfvslv�ƒmfmdk jvk. (nCvf Ifdkrfv iv) zbA nCvf pf iVk, kf skf iVkƒ. dj§Â�kfv iCshG nCvf�ƒJtfnW iaskAj vfjzfskƒ ifE jvk. kfv mcÙÁflDvf kfsj htt, `zfidb�ˆƒ nCvf iaKsm ifE jvsYb. zk}iv kf psKó�msb bf jsv zfhfv zbA�ˆjde nCvf ifE jvsYb! rq zfidb Wefƒ iVcb, bsy{ Wef sYsV zbA nCvf iVcb.' ƒmfm htt, zfdm Wef iVsk YfVh bf. skfmvf yfƒst zfdm skfmfslv bfmfsp ˆƒHfshƒ ƒmfmdk jvh, bsy{ skfmfslv ziY¦l rst ƒmfmdkƒ kAfo jvh. stfjde spsrkc kfslv sysq Hft W spfoA dYt, kfƒ kfvf ‰ ƒmfmsj kAfo jvsk ziY¦l jvt. dj§Â�mrfbhD � kfslv dbje�…id²¿k rst kfvf�‰�hAfifv Jcst htt. bhD � kfsj htstb,�ªsr zmcj! skfmfv mcÙÁflDvf pf jvsk htsY, kf jv bf sjb? zfv sjbƒ hf ‰ nCvfdesj dbqdmk iaskAj vfjzfsk ifE jsv Kfj?« stfjde htt, `zfdm nCvfdesj Hfstfhfdn.' mrfbhD � htstb, ª‰ nCvfdev iadk Hfstfhfnf skfmfsj ufâfsk iashw jvfsh.« (hc} jfef nbsl 774 bQ, ndk} 2323 bQ) nCvfv mfUJfb sKsjW jkj zfqfk ifE jvf pfq. spsrkc zfïfr kfzftf hstb,

/�א *R��Eن�C��L�&�=��Cو�א�d��A�(�

zKGf{, ---jfsuƒ jcvzfsbv pkecjc zQw ifE jvf skfmfslv ubA nru, kkecjc skfmvf ifE jv. (jc} 73/20) bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsjW vnCt � hstdYstb, ªzk}iv jcvzfb sKsj pkecjc


96

skfmfv ubA nru rq kkecjc ifE jv.« (hc}, mc}, iamcJ, dm} 790 bQ) kfYfVf dkdb Iusvv ncâsk iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf hfj¶fvfv 136 bQ zfqfk ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf zf-st�ƒmvfsbv 64 bQ zfqfk ifE jsvdYstb. (mc}, dm} 843 bQ) zfv ˆ jKf dhdlk sp, pf bIt bfmfsp iVf pfq, kf Ivp bfmfspW (sjfb zfidÙv ltDt bf Kfjst) iVf pfsh. zfv iVf zfidÙjv rst dbÇyq kfv hBGbf Kfjk. spmb nfrfhfoB pJb mrfbhD � ˆv …e W nWqfvDv …iv bIt ˆhQ dhkXv bfmfp iVfv jKf hBGbf jsvb, kJbƒ kfv nfsK ˆ jKfW hBGbf jsvb sp, `zhwA dkdb nWqfvDv …iv Ivp bfmfp iVskb bf.' (hc} 1098, mc} 700bQ) ksh ˆj vfjzfsk iCBG ˆjde nCvf ˆhQ nCvfv wcv¢ zQw sKsj ifE jvfƒ zfIpt. (mcm} 3/103-104, 334, 360)

ddjj¶¶vvffzzffsskk ppff mmcc²²ÀÀffrrffhh

zfïfrv vnCt � (kfrfÏcslv) bfmfsp pJb jcvzfb iVskb, kJb LDsv LDsv iVskb. sjfb knhDrv zfqfk ifE jvst knhDr iVskb, sjfb iafKGbfv zfqfk ifE jvst iafKGbf jvskb�ˆhQ sjfb zfwaq iafKGbfv zfqfk ifE jvst zfïfrv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jvskb. (mc} 772 bQ) hAfifvde bIt bfmfspv rstW Ivp bfmfspW zfmt jvf ShL. (mcm} 3/396)

dkdb nCvf djqfmfr ˆv swN zfqfk, �;=�+2�# א2;�*��د�$�'2;��ن��& �D }zKGf) �� &��ذ

dpdb ˆk djYc jsvb dkdb dj mxksj icbuDGdhk jvsk n[m bb?) iVst uWqfsh htskb, ;'��(�D�3��[ (nchrf-bfjf Ifhftf), zKGf{ kcdm idhÛ, zhwAƒ (kcdm n[m).

nCvf zf'tfv iaKm zfqfk, � ��Dא��$�'2;]��~�א]�@�� zKGf{ skfmfv iadkiftsjv bfsmv

idhÛkf sOfNBf jv) ifE jvst uWqfsh htskb, ;2'�$א��2;�� nchrfbf) ]��2��ن��

vfdêqft zf'tf. zKGf{ zfdm zfmfv mrfb iadkiftsjv idhÛkf sOfNBf jvdY). (zflf} 883, 884bQ, hf}) zfïfmf zfthfbD hstb, …ÙÁ�zfqfkäsqv uWqfsh�…ÙÁ�lczf htfv hAfifvef nfLfvB; zKGf{, dj¶vfzfk bfmfsp srfj hf kfv hfƒsv, Ivsp srfj hf bIst nhGs[sÛ�…ÙÁ�uWqfh slWqf pfsh. zfhC mCnf zfwzfvD�ˆhQ�…vWqfr dhb mcoDvfr Ivp bfmfsp�…ÙÁ�lczf htskb. (ƒzfwf} 8639, 8640, 8645 bQ) ˆjlf mrfbhD � nfrfhDslv dbje nCvf vrmfb wcv¢ sKsj swN ipG§À ifE jvstb. nfrfhDoB bDvh hsn sktfzk wcbdYstb. dkdb htstb, ªsp vfsÛ�zfmfv dbje dusbv


97

lt zfsn, sn vfsÛ�zfdm�…ÙÁ�nCvf Wslv dbje ifE jvst Wvf nc¦lv uWqfh dld¤Yt. pJbƒ zfdm ifE jvdYtfm,

� �6�8�=��#E8� ��)��R�y��ن�)��

(zKGf{, skfmvf skfmfslv iadkiftsjv sjfbX dbqfmksj zöDjfv jv?) kJbƒ kfvfW ˆv uWqfsh htdYt,

��9،�B�6�8�3�D�'�(א ��#�� D#��3�/�Cr)�1�� . …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- tf dhwfƒƒm dmb dbzf'dmjf vfêfbf bcjfpdphc, Iftfjft rfmXlX. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- skfmfv sbqfmknmCsrv sjfb djYcsjƒ zfmvf zn¶Djfv jdv bf sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! (dk}, dnn} 2150bQ) ˆ skf sot ƒmfm hf ˆjfjD bfmfpDv jKf. dj§Â�mcÙÁflD rst�ƒmfm yci sKsj ‰ nm²À lczf ifE jvst snW iVsk ifsv. bsy{ ƒmfm yci bf rst ƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfk ytfjfst ‰ nm²À uWqfh iVf ShL bq. jfvB, dj¶vfzfskv nmq ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk nCvf Ifdkrf YfVf zbA djYc iVfv zbcmdk sbƒ. (mcm} 3/394) dj¶vfzfsk mcnrfsIv kvkDh (zbcÛÁm) hufq svsJ ifE jvf mc²Àfrfh. zKGf{, däkDq nCvf hf däkDq vfjzfsk sp nCvf ifE jvsh, kf spb mcnrfsI iaKsm idEk nCvfv isv rq. zhwA�ˆv dhivDk jvf slfNfhr bq; hvQ ShL. spmb mrfbhD��ˆv kfrfÏcslv dj¶vfzfsk zfmvf ufbsk ifvh. (mh} 19/148, dnnfb} 104ix}, 4bQ eDjf) mrfbhD � zfïfrv zfslw zbcnfsv LDsv LDsv ±ió�W nc¦lvHfsh jcvzfb ifE jvskb; kfVfùsVf jsv wDOakfv nfsK bq. hvQ ˆj ˆjef rvI ±ióHfsh�…¤yfvB jsv ifE jvskb. (ƒhbct mchfvj, pcrXl, zflf}, zf} dnnfb} 124ix}) dkdb htskb, ªjcvzfb sktfzkjfvDsj ivjfst htf rsh, `iVsk Kfj ˆhQ mpGflfq …âDk rsk Kfj. zfv (LDsv LDsv, wcÝHfsh jcvzfb) zfhxdÙ�jv, spmb lcdbqfq zh²¿fbjfst zfhxdÙ�jvsk. spsrkc pf kcdm ifE jvsk kfv nhGswN zfqfskv dbje skfmfv�²¿fb rsh.« (zflf}, bf}, dk}, nuf} 8122 bQ) dkdb `rvsI-mfÜX ' (zfdtI, Wqf… W ƒqf)sj sesb iVskb. (hc}5045, zflf} 1465 bQ) jJsbf jJsbf dhbma ncsv `zf-zf-zf' wsè zbcvdBk js÷ jcvzfb sktfzk jvskb. (hc} 7540, mc}) dkdb jcvzfb mLcv ncsv ifE jvsk zfslw jvskb; htskb }- ªskfmfslv (ncdmó)�wè äfvf jcvzfbsj snZ¦lpGmdàk jv. jfvB, mLcv wè jcvzfsbv snZ¦lpG hxdÝ�jsv.« (hc} kf'tDj, zflf} 1468, lf}, rf}) ªjcvzfb ifsE nhsysq swaô zfWqfu kfv, pfv jcvzfb ifE jvf wcsb msb rq, sn zfïfrv Hsq HDk-n§Ã²À.« (pcrXl, ƒhbct mchfvj, lf}, k¶fhf}, iamcJ, dnnfb} 125 ix}) ªskfmvf zfïfrv djkfh dw[f jv, (ifE jvfv mfLAsm) kfv pk´ jv, kf Osv vfJ


98

ˆhQ ncsvtf js÷ kf sktfzk jv. jfvB, …e spmb vdwv háb sKsj zkdjGsk shv rsq pfq, kfv sysq zdLj zkdjGsk jcvzfb (n¹xdk sKsj) shv rsq (dhn¹xk rsq) pfq.« (lf}, zf} 4/146, 150, 153, 397) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsn hAdÙÁ�zfmfv ltHcÙÁ�bq, sp ncsvtf js÷ jcvzfb isV bf.« (zflf} 1471, 1479, rf}) jcvzfb ifEjfst dkdb iaskAj zfqfk swsN Kfmskb. (zflf}, rf}, ƒo} 343 bQ) mrfbhD � ˆjƒ hf jfYfjfdY zKGshfLj lcƒ nCvfsj jJsbf jJsbf ˆjƒ vfjzfsk ifE jvskb. (hc} 775, mc} 722 bQ) nCvf vrmfb (55bQ nCvf / 78 zfqfk dhdwó)�W bfuXm (53/62)�ˆj vfjzfsk, nCvf�ƒj¶kfvfhfk (54/55) W rf-Ä¶fr (69/52)�ˆj vfjzfsk, nCvf k¶Cv (52/49) W pfdvqfk (51/60) ˆj vfjzfsk, nCvf Wqf-dj¶zfr (56/96) W bCb (68/52) ˆj vfjzfsk, nCvf mfzf-dvu (70/44) W bf-dpzfk (79/46) ˆj vfjzfsk, nCvf mck¶fIXdIIDb (83/36) W zfhfnf (80/42) ˆj vfjzfsk, nCvf mcÜfNXdNv (74/56) W mcpXpfd©mt (73/20) ˆj vfjzfsk, nCvf lfrXv (76/31) W dj¶qfmfr (75/40) ˆj vfjzfsk, nCvf bfhf (78/40) W mcvnftfk (77/50) ˆj vfjzfsk ˆhQ nCvf lcJfb (44/59) W kfjhDv (kfjHDv) (81/29) ˆj vfjzfsk ifE jvskb. (zflf} 1396 bQ) zfhfv jJsbf jJsbf nCvf hfj¶fvfr, zf-st ƒmvfb W dbnfv mk hV hV nCvfsjW ˆjƒ vfjzfsk ifE jvskb. (mc} 772 bQ)

ssuurrvvDD WW ddnnvvGGDD bbffmmffpp sp bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk nwsè W sufsv rq kfsj survD ˆhQ pfsk db}wsè W ycsiycsi rq kfsj dnvGD bfmfp htf rq. Iuv W ucmzfv …Hq vfjzfsk ˆhQ mfodvh W ˆwfv iaKm lc' vfjzfsk survD, zfv spfrv W zfnsvv njt vfjzfsk ˆhQ mfosvshv swN ˆj W ˆwfv swN lcƒ vfjzfsk dnvGD dj¶vfzfk dhsLq. nfLfvB ncâk W bIt bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk dnvGD. hfjD bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk dhNqj mntf pKf²¿fsb zfstfdyk rsh�ƒb wfzfïfr. bfmfpD ˆjfjD rstW survD bfmfsp survD dj¶vfzfk kfv ubA ncâk. zhwA sn ˆmb sufsv dj¶vfzfk jvsk ifsv bf, pfsk ziv bfmfpD, dpjXvjfvD hf dbdûk hAdÙÁv dFófhG rq. (Iƒ} 1/269) mdrtfv dj¶vfzfskv wè kfv sjfb shofbf icv¢N wcbsk ifsh -ˆƒ zfwËf Kfjst sn survD dj¶vfzfk jvsk ifsv bf. ˆmb zfwËf bf Kfjst kfv ubAW survD bfmfsp survD dj¶vfzfk ncâk. (I…} 1/353) dnvGD bfmfsp pdl sj… survD dj¶vfzfk Hct jsv jsvƒ sIst, kfrst kfv ubA swsN zfv nù dnulfv iasqfub sbƒ. spsrkc sjfb ncâk kAfo hf mjv™r zfmt jsv sItst


99

nù dnulfv lvjfv rq bf. (mh} 16/137) survD bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk sufsv, dnvGD bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk ycsiycsi ˆhQ jkj survD bfmfspv jsqj vfjzfsk dnvGD dj¶vfzfk sjb rt kfv drjmk W pcdÙÁ�±ió�bq. spmb spfrv, zfnv W�ˆwfv bfmfp yfv vfjzfk, mfosvshv dkb vfjzfk�ˆhQ Iusvv lcƒ vfjzfk sjb rt kfvW sjfb ndEj uWqfh sbƒ. nckvfQ ˆ nshv drjmk zfïfrƒ ufsbb.

ii]]ffyy--zzÙÙÁÁ��bbffmmffsspp nnccââkkDD ddjj¶¶vvffzzffkk nCvf Ifdkrfv iv bfmfpD kfv dbsuv mcJ²¿�W nru mk zbA sp sjfb�ˆjde nCvf ifE jvsk ifsv. zhwA jkjÈdt dhdwó�nCvf mrfbhD � dhswN bfmfsp ifE jvskb hst zbcv™i ifE jvfsj ncâkD dj¶vfzfk hst. ˆ njt bfmfp W nCvfv dh²Àfdvk dhhvB ufbfv iCshG jcvzfb mfuDslv s[sÛ�hAhr™k jsqjde idvHfNf susb sbWqf iasqfub. jcvzfb mfuDlsj 7 Hfso dhHÙÁ�jvst swN Hfso sp nh nCvf isV kfv nmdósj `mcIfnXn¶ft' htf rq. `Ifn¶Xt' mfsb idvs¤Yl. ˆƒ zQsw nCvf W idvs¤Yslv nQJAf zdLj hst ˆsj `mcIfnXn¶ft' hf idvs¤Yl-hùt zQw htf rsq Kfsj. ndEj zdHmk zbcnfsv ˆƒ zQswv iaKm nCvf rt nCvf j¶fI. ˆƒ mcIfnXn¶ft zfhfv 3 Hfso dhHÙÁ;�nCvf j¶fI sKsj nCvf mcvnftfk ipG§À zQwsj `dk¶Wqfst mcIfnXn¶ft' (lDOG idvs¤Yl-hùt zQw), nCvf bfhf sKsj nCvf tfƒt ipG§À zQwsj `zf…nfsk¶ mcIfnXn¶ft' (mfUfdv idvs¤Yl-hùt zQw), zfv nCvf p¶crf sKsj swN nCvf (bfn) ipG§À zQwsj `dj¶nfsv mcIfnXn¶ft' (sYfe idvs¤Yl-hùt zQw) htf rq. (mcm} 3/105)

IIuussvvvv bbffmmffsspp nnccââkkDD ddjj¶¶vvffzzffkk bhD mchfwXdwv � Iusvv bfmfsp `dk¶Wqfst mcIfnXn¶ft' ifE jvskb. spsrkc ˆƒ nmqde rt idvshw wf§À ˆhQ Ocm iCBG jvfv iv msb ±ICdkG Kfjfv Ist msbfspfo nrjfsv jcvzfb sktfzskv nmq. kfYfVf mrfb zfïfr hstb,

��?��#�א ��+E �� "�@�א <A�دא�+�<��Cن��.��n�: אن�R��EA��_��e�Lא 'N&�%�و�R��EAن�א :��n?�ن � zKGf{, nCpG Tst pfWqfv iv rsk vfskv Ob zájfv ipG§À kcdm bfmfp jfsqm jv; zfv dhswN jsv Iusvv jcvzfb (bfmfp jfsqm jv). jfvB, Iusvv jcvzfb (bfmfsp dIdvñf)�…id²¿k rsq Kfsj. (jc} 17/78) ˆJfsb Iusvv jcvzfb hst Iusvv bfmfpsj hcdUsq ˆƒ jKfv ƒdÌk slWqf rsqsY sp,�…ÙÁ�bfmfsp jcvzfb zdLj nmq Lsv iVf rsh. zfv kfv�Èv¢k¶ ˆk shwD sp, kfsk dIdvñf�…id²¿k rsq Kfsjb. dkdb …ÙÁ�bfmfsp jJsbf jJsbf nCvf Wqf-dj¶zfr hf zbcv™i nCvf ifE jvskb. (zf},


100

ƒJc}, rf}, dnnfb} 109ix}) dhlfqD rsÏv�ˆj Iusvv bfmfsp dkdb nCvf k¶Cv ifE jsvsYb. (hc} 1619 bQ) jJsbf hf dkdb nCvf j¶fI hf zbcv™i nCvf iaKm vfjzfsk ifE jvskb. (mc}, dk}, dm} 835 bQ)

jJsbf jJsbf nCvf kfjhDv (ƒpfwX wfmnc jc…dhvfk) ifE jvskb. (mc}, zflf}, dm} 836 bQ) ˆjlf Iusv dkdb nCvf dptpftsj …Hq vfjzfskƒ ifE jsvb. hBGbfjfvD nfrfhD hstb, `dj§Â�ufdb bf sp, dkdb kf Hcst isV sIstsYb, bfdj�ƒ¤Yf jsvƒ isVsYb.' (zflf}, hf}, dm} 862 bQ) nfLfvBk} pf hcUf pfq kf ˆƒ sp, mrfbhD � ‰v™i ShLkf hBGbfv …sÜswAƒ ƒ¤Yf jsvƒ (ˆjƒ nCvf …Hq vfjzfsk ifE) jsvsYb. (dnnfb} 110ix}) ˆjlf ˆj nIsv dkdb Iusvv iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf Iftfj¶ W däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf bfn ifE jsvsYb. (zflf} 1462, bf}, ƒJc}, ƒzfwf}, rf} 1/567, zf} 4/149, 150, 153, dm} 848 bQ)

…j¶hfr dhb zfsmv sj dkdb hstsYb, ªskfmfv bfmfsp nCvf Iftfj¶ W bfn ifE jv. (…Hq nCvfq vsqsY dhdHâ zdbójv dhNq sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf.) jfvB�ˆƒ lcƒ (iafKGbfv) mk sjfb iafKGbf äfvf sjfb iafKGbfjfvD zfwaq iafKGbf jsv db.« (zflf}, 1463, zf}, dnnfb} 110ix}) zfhfv jJsbf jJsbf ˆ nshv sysq tìf nCvfW ifE jvskb.�ˆƒ bfmfsp dkdb ˆj vfjzfsk zKhf …Hq vfjzfsk 60 sKsj 100 zfqfk mk ifE jvskb. (hc} 771 bQ, mc}) jJsbf dkdb nCvf v™m ifE jvskb. (zf}, bf}, hfpXpfv) jJsbf ifE jvskb nCvf ƒqfnDb. (zf}, dnnfb} 110ix}) ˆjlf mÄfq Iusvv bfmfsp dkdb nCvf mc'dmbCb wcv¢ jvstb, zk}iv mCnf W rfv™b zKhf „nf � ˆv hBGbf ˆst (zKGf{ …ÙÁ�nCvfv 45 zKhf 50 zfqfk ifsEv iv) k]fsj jfdwsk Lvst dkdb v¢jCsk yst pfb. (hc}, dhbf nbsl, Ihf} 2/298, mc}, dm} 837bQ) zfhfv jJsbf jJsbf dkdb nCvf n¶f-IXIfk ifE jsv ƒmfmdk jvskb. (zf}, zfhC qAf'tf, mfj¶slnD, dnnfb} 111ix}) ucmzfv dlb Iusv dkdb iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf nfulfr ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf lfrXv ifE jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 838 bQ) rpvk …nmfb Iusvv bfmfsp zdLjfQw nmsq nCvf ƒ…ncI W nCvf rÏ�LDsv LDsv ifE jvskb. zhwA dkdb Iuv�…lq rWqfv nfsK nfsKƒ bfmfsp l]fdVsq spskb. (mf} 35, dm} 864 bQ)

ssppffrrssvvvv bbffmmffsspp nnccââkkDD ddjj¶¶vvffzzffkk spfrsvv (iaKmjfv) …Hq vfjzfsk 30 zfqfk mk zKhf nCvf nfulfr ifE jvfv mk nmq jcvzfb ifE jvskb. (zf}, mc}, dm} 829 bQ) jJsbf dkdb nCvf k¶f-dvj¶, hcv™u, tfƒt hf zbcv™i sjfb nCvf ifE jvskb. (zflf} 805, 806, dk}, ƒJc}) zfhfv jJsbf jJsbf iVskb nCvf `ƒpfn nfmf-…b wfÄ¶fk' hf zbcv™i sjfb


101

nCvf. (ƒJc} 511bQ) nfrfhfoB zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv lfdV drtf slsJ k]fv dj¶vfzfk iVf hcUsk ifvskb. (hc} 760, zflf} 801 bQ) jJsbf jJsbf dkdb mcÙÁflDoBsj zfqfk�(ˆjec wè jsv isV) wcdbsq dlskb. (hc},mc}828) jJsbf jJsbf nfrfhfoB k]fv dbje rsk spfrsvv bfmfsp nCvf zf'tf W ofdwqfrXv ncv wcbsk siskb. (ƒJc} 512bQ) jJsbf jJsbf dkdb spfrsvv dj¶vfzfk ˆk tìf jvskb sp, bfmfp wcv¢ rWqfv iv sj… sj… hfjD' (mrfbhD � ˆv zfmst mlDbfv iCshG ˆhQ hkGmfsb mndusl bhhDv iChG dlsj zbdk lCsv zhd²¿k Jfdt ufqof. hkGmfsb jhv²¿fb) dosq ifqJfbf dIsv�ˆsn dbsuv hfdVsk Wpc jsv pJb mndusl zfnk, kJbW slJk mrfbhD � iaKm vfjzfskƒ zfsYb. (mc} 454 bQ, hc} ucp…t dj¶vfzfr) ˆ hAfifsv nfrfhfosBv LfvBf ˆƒ dYt sp, dkdb njtsj iaKm vfjzfk ifƒsq slWqfv …sÜswAƒ ˆk tìf dj¶vfzfk iVskb. (zflf} 800 bQ, ƒJc})

zzffnnssvvvv bbffmmffsspp nnccââkkDD ddjj¶¶vvffzzffkk zfnsvv bfmfsp bhD mchfwXdwv � iafq 15 zfqfk ifE jvfv mk dj¶vfzfk jvskb. spfrsvv iaKm lc' vfjzfsk pkef iVskb kfv zsLGj iVskb zfnsvv iaKm lc' vfjzfsk. dkdb ˆ bfmfspW iVskb, nCvf zf'tf W nCvf tfƒt. (mc}, dm} 830 bQ) nCvf k¶fdvj¶ W hcv™u. (zflf} 805 bQ) ˆskW dkdb jJsbf jJsbf mcÙÁflDslvsj zfqfk wcdbsq dlskb.

mmffoossvvsshhvv bbffmmffsspp nnccââkkDD ddjj¶¶vvffzzffkk mfosvshv bfmfsp jJsbf jJsbf dkdb `dj¶nfdv mcIfnXn¶ft' sKsj ifE jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 853 bQ) ˆƒ nQs[siv Istƒ nfrfhfoB pJb bfmfp isV dIvskb kJb sj… kDv Yc]Vst k]fv kDv iVfv ²¿fbdesj slsJsk siskb. jfvB, kJbW shw�…Ï¶t Kfjk. (hc}, mc}, dm} 596 bQ) jJsbf nIsv dkdb ˆv däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf kDb ifE jsvsYb. (k¶fqfstnD, zf}, dnnfb} 115 ix})

jJsbf hf dkdb `dk¶Wqfst mcIfnXn¶ft' W zfWnfsk¶ mcIfnXn¶ft'-ˆv nCvfW ifE jvskb. jJsbf iVskb nCvf mcrf©mfl. (ƒJc}, k¶fhf}, mfj¶slnD, dnnfb} 116 ix}) jJsbf ifE jvskb nCvf k¶Cv. (hc}, mc}, dm} 831 bQ) dkdb k]fv uDhsbv swN mfosvshv bfmfsp ifE jsvsYb nCvf mcvnftfk. (hc}, mc}, dm} 832 bQ) jJsbf …Hq vfjzfskƒ isVsYb nCvf zf'vfI. (hc}, zflf}, ƒJc}, zf}, dm} 847 bQ) jJsbf hf nCvf zfbIft. (k¶fhf}, dnnfb} 116 ix})


102

ˆwwffvv bbffmmffsspp nnccââkkDD ddjj¶¶vvffzzffkk ˆwfv bfmfsp dkdb `zfWnfsk¶ mcIfnXn¶ft'-ˆv nCvf ifE jvskb. (bf}, zf}, dm} 853 bQ) jJsbf iVskb, nCvf wfmXn hf zbcv™i zbA sjfb nCvf. (zf}, dk} 309 bQ) jJsbf nCvf ƒbdwj¶fj¶ iVskb ˆhQ ˆv dnulfv zfqfsk dkdb sktfzskv dnulf jvskb. (hc} 766, mc}, bf})

jJsbf ifE jvskb nCvf kDb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 834 bQ) dkdb mczfp sj ˆwfv ƒmfmdksk tìf dj¶vfzfk iVsk dbsNL jsv hstdYstb, ªkcdm dj stfjslvsj dIkbfq sItsk yfW sr mczfp? kcdm pJb ƒmfmdk jvsh kJb `zwXwfmdn zp¶crf-rf, nfdêdrnmf vfdêjft zf'tf, ƒj¶vf dhndm vfdêjf, zïfƒdt ƒpf qAfowf' ifE jv. jfvB skfmfv iÇyfsk hxÝ,�lchGt W iasqfusb�…lXoaDh mfbcN bfmfp isV Kfsj. (hc}, mc}, bf, dm} 833 bQ)

ssjjhhtt IIffddkkrrff iiVVssttWW yysstt 1,2,3 hf 4 vfjzfk dhdwó�sp sjfbW bfmfspv iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf Ifdkrfv iv zbA�ˆjde nCvf dmtfsbf yst, iaKm lc' vfjzfsk 1de dmdtsq swN lc' vfjzfsk bf dmtfstW yst. zfhfv sjfb vfjzfskƒ nCvf Ifdkrfv iv zbA sjfb nCvf ifE bf jvstW psKó�rq. iCshGfÙÁ�mczfp��ˆv hAfifsv zdHspfojfvD pchjsj zfïfrv vnCt � duÎfnf jvstb,�ªkcdm pJb bfmfp iV kJb djv™i jv, sr Hfƒsif?« htt, `zfdm nCvf Ifdkrf idV ˆhQ (kfwfrXùslv iv) zfïfrv dbje shsrñX yfƒ W slfpJ sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jdv. zfv zfdm zfibfv W mczfspv ÈÓb hcdU bf. bhD � htstb,�ªzfdm W mczfp�ˆvƒ Lfsv-ifsw ÈbXÈbX jdv.« (zflf} 793 bQ) iCshG …sïdJk ˆj rflDsn …sïJ rsqsY sp, nCvf Ifdkrf-dhrDb bfmfp zidvBk W zn©iCBG. (mc}, zfzf}, dm} 823 bQ) nckvfQ ˆ sKsj hcUf pfq sp, nCvf Ifdkrfdhdwó�bfmfp idvBk W n©iCBG. zfv zbA nCvf ifE uv¢vD bq. (ƒJc} 1/258) rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, `iaskAj bfmfspƒ dj¶vfzfk zfsY. nckvfQ zfïfrv vnCt � pf zfmfslvsj wcdbsqsYb, kf zfdm skfmfslvsj wcbftfm ˆhQ pf ycsiycsi isVsYb, kf ycsiycsi iVtfm.' ˆj hAdÙÁ�htt, `pdl zfdm nCvf Ifdkrfv iv zbA djYc bf idV?' dkdb htstb, `pdl zbA djYc iV kfrst�…Ùm. bf iVst nCvf Ifdkrfƒ psKó.« (hc} 772, mc} 396 bQ)

lwde nCvf ˆhQ kfv …¤yfvB W zbchfl dbsm´ jsqjde sYfe sYfe nCvf …¤yfvB W zKGnr stJf rt. ˆÈdt ˆhQ zbAfbA zfsvf hV nCvf jcvzfb mfuDl sKsj zKhf sjfb j¶fvDv mcJ sKsj wcsb mcJ²¿ jvf sbWqf


103

bfmfpDv jkGhA. iajfw Kfsj sp, jcvzfbD zfqfskv …¤yfvB zbA HfNfq jvf n©Hh bq ˆhQ zsbj …tfmfv msk kf ShLW bq.

(1) nCvf bfn �

��B�א 9��س� א 9��س�)١(EA%��$�+�ذ�D'�C)٢)س��/��h�א +�]�+�אس�א [�9��س�)٣(?� �א 9C)٤(6�y��+�]�+�س�)�1!��و��א 9��س�N ٥(א�)س��و�א 9w�9n א�/C)٦(

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- j¶ct zf†pc dhvdêbX bf-n. mfdtdjbX bf-n. ƒtf-drbX bf-n. dmbX wfdvGt znWqf-dnt Jfâf-n. zfïfpD ƒ…Wqfndhnc ID nclCdvbX bf-n. dmbft duâfdk zbX bf-n. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- kcdm ht, zfdm zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY, mfbcsNv iadkiftj, mfbcsNv zLDw¶v, mfbcsNv …ifsnAv jfsY- kfv jcm§ÃBfv zdbó rsk, sp ncspfomk zfsn W (jcm§ÃBf dlsq) nsv isV. sp jcm§ÃBf slq mfbcsNv r™lsq, dub W mfbcsNv mLA rsk.

(2) nCvf Iftfj¶ ��

�e�'�: א�B�� /��h��C�e�'�O)١(EA%��$�+�ذ�C)٢(��Aو�ذ�א�?e[��_��h�/C٣(و�(��h�/Cو�1א ��*��(J��N:��r?�ذ�א��L)٤(א 9[��h�/C٥(و�(

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- j¶ct zf†pc dhvdêt Iftfj¶. dmb wfdvG mf Jftfj¶. zdmb wfdvG of-dndj¶b ƒpf zj¶fh. zdmb wfdvGbX bfIXIf-Nf-dk dIt …j¶fl. zdmb wfdvG rf-dndlb ƒpf rfnfl. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- kcdm ht, zfdm zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY †Nfv iaHcv dbje. dkdb pf nxdó jsvsYb kfv zdbó rsk. ˆhQ vfskv zdbó rsk pJb kf oHDv zájfsv zf¤Yâ rq. ˆhQ oad§¿sk Ic{jfdvBD (pflcjvD)slv zdbó rsk. ˆhQ drQncsjv zdbó rsk pJb sn drQnf jsv.

(3) nCvf ƒJtfn ��

b��E5א�+�M�%EA)١(��#��و� �@��+� ��)٢(א�E5א <'��@� )٣)b��א+E:E.��N �/E8��@� ٤(و�( …¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- j¶ct ùWqfïf-ù zfrfl. zfïf-ùn nfmfl. tfm qAfdtl, ztfm ƒ…tfl. ztfm qAfjctX tfù jcIcWqfb zfrfl. zKG}- ht, dkdb zfïfr ˆjj. zfïfr Hvnf²¿t. dkdb ubj bb ˆhQ ufkjW bb. zfv k]fv nmj[ sj…ƒ sbƒ.


104

(4) nCvf tfrfh ��

��=��1 �r��<و ١(=��l��א��)��L�.��Cو��E ��C��9�$;9_��C٢((r��<� �Jذ�א��3א;'�>�&�[)٣(��j�� א�w� ��#��=��C٤(و�א(b%��M��&,�1(r��L�C�/�C)٥(

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- kfêf{ qAflf zfhD tfrfdh]… zkfêX. mf zfoXbf zfbù mf-tcù zmf jfnfh. nfqAfn¶tf bf-vfb pf-kf tfrfh. zmvfzfkcù rf©mf-tfkft rfk¶fh. ID uDdlrf rfhtcm dmm mfnfl. zKG}- L¶Qn srfj zfhC tfrfshv lcƒ rfk ˆhQ L¶Qn srfj sn dbsuW. kfv Lb-n©il W …ifduGk h²Â kfv sjfb …ijfsv zfnsh bf. sn iashw jvsh stdtrfb dwJfdhdwó zdojcsà. zfv kfv ²ÃDW -sp jfsEv shfUf hrbjfdvBD. Wv otslsw sJucv syfjfv vdw rsh.

(5) nCvf bfn¶Xv

�� )٢(د��/�א5��)+�א,�و��lא 9��س��E'�O+�ن�)�1)١(?�ذ�א,��(��3<��א5و�א :��4~��#�� ~��L�(

� 3��.��ن�=�+�א�?�S��:�k�4�[و�א�D� ��)٣( …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- ƒpf uf-zf bfn¶Xv¢ïf-dr zt IfkXr. zvfzfƒkfbX bf-nf qAflXJctCbf ID lDdbïf-dr zfIWqfuf. Ifnfdêr dhrfmdl vfdêjf z²ÀfodIvù; ƒâfù jf-bf kf…Wqf-hf. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- pJb zfnsh zfïfrv nfrfpA W dhuq. kcdm slJsh mfbcNsj lst lst zfïfrv äDsb iashw jvsk. kJb kcdm skfmfv iadkiftsjv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jv ˆhQ k]fv dbje [mf iafKGbf jv. dbÇyq dkdb [mfwDt.

(6) nCvf jf-dIv™b ��

��و�ن��C��$��)٢(��C=��و�ن��$�)١(�%EA��f>��א ��8)��و�ن� ��$�@�4�3��و��3)٣(و��@f=��$��Cb� ��$)٤(��$��Cو�ن�� $�@�4�3�� )٦( �E8@�د��E8�9@�و� �1د��/�)٥(و�

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- j¶ct ƒqf zfƒqcrft jf-dIv™b. tf- zf'hclc mfkf'hclCb. ztf- zf§Âm zf'-dhlCbf mfzf'hcl. ztf- zfbf zf'-dhlcm mf zf'hfÙcm. ztf- zf§Âm zf'-dhlCbf mf-


105

zf'hcl. tfjcm lDbcjcm zdtqf lDb. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- ht, sr jfsIvlt! zfdm kfv …ifnbf jdv bf, pfv …ifnbf skfmvf jv. skfmvfW k]fv …ifnj bW, p]fv …ifnbf zfdm jdv. zfdm kfv …ifnj rh bf, pfv …ifnbf skfmvf jv. zfv skfmvfW k]fv …ifnj bW, p]fv …ifnbf zfdm jdv. skfmfslv LmG skfmfslv ˆhQ zfmfv LmG zfmfv (jfsY diaq).

(7) nCvf jf…Nfv ��

��Dو�א�3��)١(?�3��$��j&��9א �8+�� %�>�()٢(��4� 3��D�M+�א��h�)٣(?�ن …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- ƒâf- zf'k¶fƒbf-jft jf…Nfv. Ifn¶fdï dtvdêjf zbXrfv. ƒâf- wf-dbzfjf ùWqft zfhkfv. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- db}ns¦lsr zfdm skfmfsj jf…nfv (rWp) lfb jsvdY. nckvfQ kcdm skfmfv iadkiftsjv …sÜswA bfmfp iV ˆhQ jcvhfbD jv. dbÇyq skfmfv wÛ¢ƒ rt dbhGQw.

(8) nCvf j¶cvfƒw ��

��EA �"��u)١(\�&�>�@��'��wא ��4(و�א <(�"��?)٢(l�&�� א�6אM�B��٣()�'&��و�א(�,�/C�@�<�#��G��y6N א�r �+�O�/�C�@�<�9�CR� )٤(+�عو

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- dt„tf-dI j¶cvfƒwX. „tf-dIdrm dvrXtfkfw dwkf-ƒ znXn¶fƒIX. Ift qAf'hclc vêf rf-pft hfƒkX. zfïfpD zfk¶Xzfmfùm dmb uC'. zzf-mfbfùm dmb Jf†IX. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- spsrkc jcvfƒswv ubA wDk W oaDs°mv nIvsj kfslv öHfhnctH jvf rsqsY, snsrkc Wvf …ifnbf jv¢j ˆƒ oxsrv v[sjv. dpdb [cLfq Wslvsj zfrfv dlsqsYb ˆhQ HDdk rsk dbvfil jsvsYb.

(9) nCvf IDt ��

�%�&א :B��!�� Df ��%��(�\�&�.��=�@� ��)١(%�&'�V�=�1(�@�M��&�.�%��n��@� ��)٢)$�'�&�>�@�و��]�%�&�%��G&��א �� )٣(%�&�n[�/�Cr��n� �@�<�&C��=)٤)ل�+E.��Cr\�>��.�@�<�'��n�()٥(

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- zftfm kfvf jfƒIf Ifzftf vêcjf dhzfn¶Xrf-dht IDt. zftfm qAfuXzftX jfƒlfùm ID kfp¶tDt. zzfvnftf zftfƒdrm k¶fƒvfb zfhf-dht. kfvmDdrm


106

dhdrufvfdkm dmb dnÏDt. Ifufzftfùm jfzfn¶XdIm mf'jCt. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- kcdm dj slJ db, skfmfv iadkiftj r²ÀDhfdrbDv nsÌ dj jsvdYstb? dkdb dj Wslv sjZwtsj hAKG jsv slb db? dkdb kfslv …iv U]fsj U]fsj ifdJ siavB jsvb. pfvf Wslv …iv dbs[i jsv jËv. zk}iv dkdb Wslvsj Hd[k kxBnlxw jsv slb.

(10) nCvf zfnXv ��

� ��e�)٢(?�ن�א��L�3�uن� �:�1�L�O�)١(و�א ��<�� و�=�+�א!�+�אJ�� 6��/��9�CR+�אو�$�#'E+אא <N אN��?��> � )٣(و�=�+�א!�+�א

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- ztX zfnXv. ƒâft ƒbnf-bf tfID JcnXv. ƒïfïfpDbf zf-mfbC zzf'dmtcn n¶f-dtrf-dk zkfWqfn¶f… dht rfdÄ¶ zkfWqfn¶f… dhnXn¶fhXv. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- mrfjfstv wiK! mfbcN zhwAƒ [dkoa²À. ksh kfvf bq, pfvf „mfb ˆsb n{jmG jsvsY ˆhQ ˆsj zivsj nkA W SLspGv …islw dlsqsY.

vvII……tt qqAAffllffƒƒbb nCvf ifE swN rst lm sbWqfv ubA bhD mchfwXdwv � ˆjec yci Kfjskb hf Kfmskb. (zflf}, rf} 1/215) zk}iv dkdb dbsuv …Hq rfk lcdesj iCshGv bAfq jfsbv …idv Hfo hf j]fL ipG§À kctskb. ˆ hAfifsv ˆk rflDn hdBGk rsqsY sp, kf `mckfWqfdkv'-ˆv luGfq si]ZsY. ƒhsb …mfv hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � pJb bfmfp wcv¢ jvskb, pJb v¢jC jvfv ubA kjhDv dlskb ˆhQ v¢jC sKsj pJb mfKf kctskb kJb k]fv …Hq rfksj j]fL hvfhv kctskb. zfv (v¢jC sKsj mfKf skftfv nmq) htskb, ªnfdmzf'ïf-ù dtmfb rfdmlfr.« ksh dnulfv nmq ˆv™i (vIsq qAflfƒb) jvskb bf.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 793bQ) mrfbhD � ˆv slsr yflv uVfsbf KfjstW rfk lcdesj yflv sKsj shv jsv `vIsq qAflfƒb' jsvsYb. nfrfhD Wqfƒt dhb ùuXv hstb, dkdb slsJsYb sp, bhD � pJb bfmfsp iashw jvstb, kJb lcƒ rfk kcst kjhDv hst rfk lcdesj jfisV Hsv dbstb. zk}iv Ffb rfksj hfm rfskv …iv vfJstb. kfviv pJb v¢jC jvfv ƒ¤Yf jvstb, kJb jfiV sKsj rfk lc'desj shv jsv icbvfq kcst kjhDv dlsq v¢jCsk sostb. zk}iv pJb (v¢jC sKsj …sE) dkdb `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr' htstb, kJbW rfk kctstb. zfv pJb dnulf jvstb, kJb lcƒ rfskv sysefv mLAhkGD ufqofq dnulf jvstb. (mc}, dm} 797 bQ)


107

ˆƒ njt W zfsvf zbAfbA rflDnsj dHdÙ�jsvƒ dkb ƒmfm ˆhQ zdLjfQw mcrfdÜn W IjDrosBv zfmt dYt�ˆƒ ncâfrv …iv. djYc rfbfID IjDrW ˆƒ zböDjfpG ncâfrv …iv zfmt jsv sosYb. spmb ƒmfm zfhC ƒ…ncsIv YfÛ�ƒnfm dhb ƒ…ncI, zfhC ƒnmfr hftJD v¢jC pfWqf W v¢jC sKsj WEfv nmq `vIsq qAflfƒb' jvskb. (zft-IfWqfƒl 116ix}) htfƒ hfùtA sp, dkdb ltDstv dHdÙskƒ ƒmfm zfhC rfbDIf (v}) ˆv dhivDkW Iskfqf dlskb. (zft-hfrv¢v vfƒj¶ 6/93, vnmct mcIkD 1/28) htsk sost dkdbƒ dYstb iajxk ƒmfm zfhC rfbDIfv HÙÁ�W zbcnfvD. jfvB, dkdb sp hst sosYb, `rflDn nrDr rstƒ snefƒ zfmfv mprfh.' zfècïfr dhb zfrmfl k]fv dikf ƒmfm zfrmfl (v}) sKsj hBGbf jsvb sp, …j¶hfr dhb zfsmv rsk hBGbf jvf rq, dkdb bfmfsp `vIsq qAflfƒb' iansÌ�hstsYb, `bfmfpDv ubA iaskAj�ƒwfvf (rfk skftfv) dhdbmsq vsqsY 10de jsv sbjD.' (mfnfƒt 60ix}) zfïfmf zfthfbD hstb, rflDsn j¶clnDsk …ÙÁ�jKfv nmKGb W nf[A dmst;�ªsp hAdÙÁ�ˆjde sbjD jvfv�ƒ¤Yf jvfv iv kf zfmst idvBk jsv, kfv ubA 10 sKsj 700 sbjD dtdihÝ�jvf rq---.« (hc}, mc}, nkf} 16 bQ, dnnfb} 56 W 128-129ix}) spsrkc `vIsq qAflfƒb' rt ncâfr. zfv ncâfrv …iv zfmt sbjDv jfu Shdj? slsr wft uVfsbf Kfjst wfstv dHksvW j]fL hvfhv rfk skftf ncâk. Wqfƒt dhb ùuXv hstb, `zfdm wDkjfst bhD � ˆv dbje ˆtfm. slJtfm, k]fv nfrfhDoB bfmfsp k]fslv jfisVv dHksvƒ `vIsq qAflfƒb' jvsYb.' (zflf} 729 bQ) `vIXsq qAflfƒb' rt mrfbhD � ˆv ncâfr W kvDjf. kfv iÇyfsk drjmk hf pcdÙÁ�bf ufbf sostW kf ncâfr W iftbDq. khcW ˆv iÇyfsk pcdÙÁ�ldwGsq zsbsj hstsYb, rfk skftfq vsqsY zfïfrv iadk pKfKG kf'pDm; hf¦lf jKfq spmb `zfïfr nhfv sysq hV' hst, skmdb kfv ƒwfvfskW kf iajfw ifq. …ÙÁ�nmsq�ˆƒ zKG msb zfbst hf¦lfv dbje sKsj lcdbqf zlxwA rsq pfq. sbsm zfsn sn vfufdLvfu dhw¶fdLidkv HDdk W kf'pDm. sj… hstb, rfk skftf rt hf¦lf W zfïfrv mfsU ilGf skftfv iadk ƒdÌk. spsrkc�ˆefƒ rt dhswN mcbfufskv nmq. ˆjf§À sofisb hf¦lf zfïfrv nfsK jKf hst Kfsj. sj… hstb, ˆef bfmfspv ˆj snZ¦lpG W iakDj. (mcm} 3/34) sj… hstb, `vIsq qAflfƒb' rt zfïfrv dbje zfk¹nmiGB jvfv iadk ƒdÌk. zivfLD pJb icdtswv dvHftHfsvv nfmsb rfsk-bfsk Lvf isV, kJb sn zfk¹nmiGB jsv rfk lc'desj …iv dlsj kcst zbfqfsn dbsusj n]si slq icdtswv rfsk. zbcv™i hf¦lfW zfïfrv dbje zivfLD. kfƒ hfvhfv rfk kcst k]fv dbje zfk¹nmiGB jvf rq. (jfƒIf kfJwf„bf dIn n¶ftfr 31ix} û}) i[f§Àsv zfv ˆj swaBDv dhjxk-iajxdkv dy§Àfdhl vsqsYb, p]fvf ˆv pcdÙÁ�slJfsk dosq hstb, `nfrfhDvf host mCdkG (hf mslv shfkt) Hsv svsJ bfmfp iVskb! jfvB�ƒntfsmv wcv¢sk kJsbf k]fslv mb sKsj mCdkGv (hf mslv shfkstv)mrêk pfq db.


108

kfƒ bhD jvDm � k]fslvsj hfvhfv rfk kctsk zfslw jsvdYstb. pfsk sj… zfv host mCdkG (hf mslv shfkt) lfdhsq vfJsk bf ifsv.' (bf†pc dhïfdr dmb pfdtj.) hÙÁfv�…sÜwA rt, `vIsq qAflfƒb'-ˆv iasqfub kJbƒ dYt. ivhkDGjfst nfrfhDslv mb sKsj mCdkG (hf mslv shfkst)v mfqf yst sost kf mbnCJ jvf rq!! ˆƒ swaBDv pcdÙÁhflDvf zfsvf hst Kfsjb, `sn pcso [cv-sh½F dYt bf hstƒ lfdV vfJk! sn pcsov stfsjvf sJsk sik bf hstƒ svfpf vfJk---!!' zKGf{ hkGmfsb sn zHfh sbƒ. zkˆh lfdV W svfpf vfJfvW sjfb iasqfubDqkf W spZdÙÁjkf sbƒ. ˆmb dhû™ijfvD pcdÙÁhflDslvsj mrfb zfïfrv lc'de zfqfk n¹vB jdvsq dlƒ, dkdb hstb, ªzfv pfvf mc'dmb bfvD-icv¢Nslvsj dhbf zivfsL jó�slq, kfvf dmKAf zihfl W�±ió�sofbfrv Hfv dbsuslv mfKfq yfdisq sbq.« (jc} 33/58) ªzk}iv Wvf pdl skfmfv (bhDv) zfrhfsb nfVf bf slq, kfrst ufbsh Wvf skf sjht dbsuslv sJqft-JcwDv zbcnvB jsv. zfïfrv iKdbslGw zmfbA jsv sp hAdÙÁ�dbu sJqft-JcwDv zbcnvB jsv kfv zsi[f zdLj dhëf§À zfv sj? dbÇyqƒ zfïfr nDmftQObjfvD n©ialfqsj iKdbslGw jsvb bf.« (jc} 28/50) iv§Â `vIXsq qAflfƒb' jvsk nfrfhfoB zfdló�dYstb bf. hvQ rpvk vnCst jfvDm � sJfl�ˆ�zfmt jvskb. nfrfhfoB kf slsJ sn jKfv hBGbf dlsqsYb�ˆhQ zfmt jsvsYb. kfrst hÙÁf dj htsk yfb sp, `dkdbW iaKm iaKm host mCdkG slsh svsJ bfmfp iVskb ˆhQ kfƒ rfk UfVskb?! (bf†pc dhïfdr dmb pfdtj.) i[f§Àsv ‰ swaBDv bfmfpD hÙÁfvfW kfjhDsv kfrvDmfv nmq `vIXsq qAflfƒb' jsv Kfsjb. kfrst kf sjb jsvb? ˆJsbf dj k]fslv host mCdkGƒ sKsj sosY? nckvfQ pcdÙÁ�sp sJ]fVf kf htfƒ hfùtA. iajfw Kfsj sp, `vIsq qAflfƒb' bf jvfv rflDn nrDr rstW kf sbdkhfyj ˆhQ ˆv dhivDsk ˆjfdLj rflDn rt ƒdkhfyj. zfv WnCstv jfqlfq ƒdkhfyj sbdkhfysjv …iv iafLfbA ifq. kfYfVf sjfb pqDI rflDn ˆj hf kskfdLj nrDr rflDnsj mbnCJ jvsk ifsv bf. zkˆh mbnCsJv lfhD pKfKG bq ˆhQ ˆ ncâfr huGbW …dyk bq.

vv¢¢jjCC WW kkffvv iiÝÝddkk

`vIsq qAflfƒb' jsv bhD mchfwXdwv � kjhDv hst v¢jCsk spskb. v¢jC jvf Ivp. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

6��/��9�CR+אא��.��+�אو�א]��nو�א�N א��<f��.....�

zKGf{, sr „mfblfoB! skfmvf v¢jC W dnulf jv---. (jc} 22/77) mrfbhD � W bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj kjhDv dlsq v¢jC jvsk zfslw jsv


109

hstsYb, ªskfmfslv msLA jfsvf bfmfp kk[B ipG§À n©iCBG rsh bf, pk[B ipG§À bf sn …Ùmv™si Wpc jsv---- zk}iv kjhDv dlsq v¢jC jsv ˆhQ …Hq r]fecv …iv rfk svsJ kfv rfsVv sufVÈstf d²¿v W waf§À rsq pfq.« (zflf} 857, bf}, rf}) v¢jCsk U]csj dkdb rfskv sysef lc'sefsj lcƒ r]fecv …iv vfJskb. (hc}, zflf}, dk}, dm} 801 bQ) zfv ˆƒHfsh vfJsk zfslwW dlskb. rfk äfvf r]fecsj wÙÁ�jsv Lvskb. (hc}, zflf}, dm} 792 bQ) rfskv zfÌctÈstfsj Jcst (I]fj I]fj jsv) vfJskb. (rf}, nzflf} 809 bQ) zfv ˆƒv™i jvsk dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj zfslw jsvsYb. dkdb hstsYb, ªpJb v¢jC jvsh kJb kcdm skfmfv rfskv sysef lc'sefsj skfmfv lcƒ r]fecv …iv vfJsh. zk}iv zfÌctÈstfv mfsU I]fj vfJsh. zk}iv d²¿v Kfjsh pk[B ipG§À iaskAj zÌ�ö-ö ²¿fsb hsn bf pfq.« (ƒJc} 597 bQ, ƒdr}) ˆƒ v¢jCv nmq dkdb k]fv rfskv lcƒ jbcƒsj i]fuv sKsj lCsv vfJskb. (dk}, ƒJc}, dm} 801bQ) ˆƒ nmq dkdb k]fv diEsj dhdYsq tìf W snfuf vfJskb. sjfmv sKsj diEsj mysj pfWqf Ffstv mk U]cdjsq dlskb. (hc} 828, hf}, dm} 792bQ) k]fv diE ˆmb snfuf W nmkt Kfjk sp, pdl kfv …iv ifdb Tftf rk kfrst kf sjfb dlsj odVsq isV spk bf. (k¶fhf,jfhDvnfoDv,zf}1/124,ƒmf} 872) dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj zfslw jsv hstdYstb, ªpJb kcdm v¢jC jvsh, kJb skfmfv lcƒ rfskv sysefsj lcƒ r]fecv …iv vfJsh, skfmfv diEsj nefb dhdYsq slsh ˆhQ lxPHfsh v¢jC jvsh.« (zf}, zflf}) v¢jCsk dkdb k]fv mfKfsjW snfuf vfJskb. diE sKsj mfKf bf dbyc rk, bf …]yc. (zflf}, hc} ucp…t dj¶vfzfr, mc}, zfzf}, dm} 801 bQ) zfv bfmfsp k]fv lxdó�dbhÝ�rk dnulfv�²¿fsb. (hf}, rf}, ƒo} 354bQ)

vvv¢¢¢jjjCC Cssskkk ddd²²²¿¿ ¿vvvkkkfffvvv ��ÈÈÈvvv¢¢¢kkk¶¶ ¶ bhD mchfwXdwv � v¢jCsk d²¿vkf zhtìb jvskb.�ˆ�hAfifsv dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj zfslwW jsvsYb. zfv dkdb htskb,�ªskfmvf skfmfslv v¢jC W dnulfsj idviCBGv™si zflfq jv. snƒ nÙfv wiK! p]fv rfsk zfmfv iafB zfsY, zfdm zfmfv disEv diYb sKsj skfmfslv v¢jC W dnulfr jvf slJsk ifƒ. (hc}, mc}, dm} 868bQ) dkdb ˆj bfmfpDsj slJstb, sn iCBGv™si v¢jC jsv bf, zfv dnulfr jsv EjXEj jsv. htstb, ªpdl ˆƒ hAdÙÁ�ˆƒ zh²¿fq mfvf pfq, kfrst sn mcrf©mfslv dmïk YfVf zbA dmïsk Kfjf zh²¿fq mfvf pfsh. EjXEjX jsv bfmfp iVsY; spmb jfj EjXEjX jsv vÙÁ EcjXsv Jfq! sp hAdÙÁ�iCBGv™si v¢jC jsv bf ˆhQ EjXEjX jsv dnulfr jsv, sn skf snƒ [cLfkG mfbcsNv mk, sp ˆjde zKhf lc'de sJucv Jfq, pfsk kfv [cLf dmse bf.« (zfhc qAf'tf, zfucvD, hf}, k¶fhf}, dpqf, ƒhsb zfnfdjv, ƒJc}, dnnfb} 131ix}) zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, `zfmfv hác zfmfsj dbsNL jsvsYb sp, zfdm spb smfvsov


110

lfbf JfWqfv mk EjXEjX jsv bfmfp bf idV, dwqfstv mk (bfmfsp) syfvf lxdósk�(ˆdlj-Wdlj) bf kfjfƒ, zfv hfbsvv hnfv mk (ifsqv vtf JfVf jsv) bf hdn.' (k¶fqfdtnD, zf} 2/265, ƒzfwf}) dkdb htskb, ªnhsysq dbjxó�syfv rt snƒ hAdÙÁ,�sp kfv bfmfp ycdv jsv.«�stfsjvf htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! bfmfp djHfsh ycdv jvsh?' htstb, ªiCBGv™si v¢jC W dnulfr bf jsv.« (ƒzfwf} 2960 bQ, k¶fhf, rf}) ˆjlf dkdb bfmfp iVsk iVsk lxdóv sjfsB slJstb sp,�ˆj hAdÙÁ�kfv v¢jC W dnulfq smv¢là snfuf jsv bf. bfmfp swN jsv dkdb htstb, ªsr mcndtm lt! snƒ bfmfpDv bfmfp rq bf, sp v¢jC W dnulfq kfv smv¢là snfuf jsv bf.« (ƒzfwf} 2957, ƒmf}, zf}, dnn} 2536 bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsn bfmfpDv bfmfp psKó�bq, sp v¢jC W dnulfq kfv diE snfuf jsv bf.« (zflf} 855bQ, zfzf}) v¢jCv Èv¢k¶ iansÌ�dkdb hstb,�ªsp hAdÙÁ�ˆjde v¢jC zKhf dnulfr jsv, sn hAdÙÁv kfv dhdbmsq�ˆjde mpGflf�…âk rq ˆhQ ˆjde ifi smfyb rsq pfq.« (zf},hfpXpfv,lf},nkf} 385bQ)

vvv¢¢¢jjjCC Cvvv dddpppjjjXX Xvvv

mrfbhD � v¢jCsk dosq jsqj iajfv lczf W dpjXv iVskb. jJsbf ˆef jJsbf Wef dhdHâ nmsq dhdHâ vjm lczf ifE jvskb. spmb}- 1111.... �@�&� ]��ن�� 1א ��…¤yfvB}- nchrf-bf vfdêqft zfpDm. zKG}- zfdm zfmfv mrfb iadkiftsjv idhÛkf sOfNBf jvdY. ˆde dkdb 3 hfv ifE jvskb. (zflf}, ƒmf}, lfvf}, k¶frf, hfpXpfv, ƒJc} 604bQ, k¶fhf}) zhwA sjfb sjfb nmsq dksbv zdLjhfvW ifE jvskb. jfvB, jJsbf jJsbf k]fv v¢jC W dnulfr djqfsmv mk lDOG rk. (dnnfb} 132ix})

2222.... S��#�� &�@�و��.]��ن�� ;�א ��

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB- nchrf-bf vfdêqft zfpDm zdhrfmdlr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfdm zfmfv mrfb iadkiftsjv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jvdY. 3 hfv. (zflf} 885bQ, lfvf}, zf}, k¶fhf}, hf})

و�א �fو�|� ....3333w�8p�"�# אfB��bو�سf�EAb|�+f��[.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- ncêCrcb j¶cÜCncb vfêct mftf-ƒjfdk zvG™r. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zdk dbvÓb, znDm idhÛ dIdvñfmàtD W duhvDt (zf}) ˆv iaHc (zfïfr).


111

(mc}, zfzf}, dm} 872 bQ)

4444.... �1 ��א_:@�<W' א��#�� 9و� ��@�<W' א�D�3��[.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- nchrf-bfjfïf-ù©mf vêfbf zdhrfmdljf,zfïf-ù©mfoX dIvtD. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv, sr zfmfslv iaHc! kcdm zfmfsj mfI jv. …ÙÁ�lczf dkdb zdLjfQw ifE jvskb.�ˆ�hAfifsv dkdb jcvzfsbv dbslGw iftb jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 871bQ) spsrkc jcvzfsb zfïfr k]fsj zfslw jsvsYb,

�� 3��.��ن�=�+�א�?�S��:�k�4�[و�א�D� ��#�� ~��L�(�� zKGf{, nckvfQ kcdm skfmfv iaHcv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jv�ˆhQ k]fv dbje [mf iafKGbf jv. dbÇyq dkdb kWhf�oarBjfvD. (jc} 110/3) 5555.... �#�'�[��D� و��l�9�CR�D � ��D��l��.و�@�<W' א��1��#�[�U��O�1� ��l�3��،�l'N.�+�=�D�&�'�$و��l

�/�&5��B�א �� #�1�1و�$�<��#��1و� ��#�1و�$�Cو�د��y��>� .و�

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf tfjf vfjf'kc zdhjf zf-mfbkc ztfjf zfntfmkc z zftfƒjf kfWqfÄftkc zf§Àf vfêD, Jfwfzf nfmqD, z hfn¶fvD z lfmD z tfrmD z zfpmD z zfn¶fhD dtïf-dr vfdêt zftfmDb. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}- sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfvƒ ubA v¢jc jvtfm, skfmfvƒ iadk dhw¶fn svsJdY, skfmfvƒ dbje zfk¹nmiGB jsvdY, skfmfvƒ …iv Hvnf jsvdY, kcdm zfmfv iaHc. zfmfv jBG, y[c, vÙÁ, mfQn, zd²¿ W LmbD dhw¶ufrfsbv iadkiftj zfïfrv ubA dhbqfhbk rt. (mc}, nbf} 1006 bQ)

6666.... w�#��و�א ��)��و�א 8J�+E8�'�# و�אJو��n אy��.]��ن�ذ

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- nchrf-bf dpt ufhfv™dk zt mftfjCdk zt djhdvqf-ƒ zt zfpfmfr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfdm iahtkf, nfhGsHZmk¶, ohG W mfrfsk¹Av zdLjfvD (zfïfrv) idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv. ˆƒ lczfde dkdb kfrfÏcslv bfmfspv v¢jCsk ifE jvskb. (zflf} 873, nbf} 1004 bQ)

vvv¢¢¢jjjCC Cvvv zzzfffbbbcc cNNNdddÌÌÌjjj mmmfffnnnfffsssqqqttt

bhD mchfwXdwv � ˆv v¢jC, v¢jCv iv jWmfr, dnulfr ˆhQ lcƒ dnulfv mfsUv ShEj iafq nmidvmfB lDOG rk. (hc}, mc}, dm} 869 bQ) v¢jC W dnulfsk dkdb jcvzfb ifE jvsk dbsNL jvskb. dkdb htskb, ªswfb! zfmfsj dbsNL jvf rsqsY sp, zfdm spb v¢jC hf dnulfr zh²¿fq jcvzfb bf idV. nckvfQ v¢jCsk skfmfv iadkiftsjv kf'pDm hBGbf jv. zfv dnulfq zdLjfdLj lczf


112

jvfv syóf jv. jfvB kf (zfïfrv dbje) oarB-spfoA.« (mc}, dm} 873bQ) spsrkc zfïfrv jftfm (hfBD). nhsysq n©mfdbk hfBD. zfv v¢jC W dnulfv zh²¿f rt�hf¦lfv is[ rDbkf W dhbsqv zh²¿f. kfƒ zfïfrv hfBDv iadk zflh v[fsKG …ÙÁ�…Hq zh²¿fskƒ jcvzfb ifE nÌk bq. hvQ�ˆv ubA�…ipcÙÁ�zh²¿f rt djqfsmv zh²¿f. (mflfdvucn nf-dtjDb 2/385) …sïJA sp, lDOG bfmfspv ˆjƒ v¢jCsk jsqj iajfv dpjXv ˆj nsÌ�ifE lCNBDq bq. (mcm} 3/133, dnnfb} 134ix})

jjjWWWmmmfffrrr zk}iv zfïfrv vnCt � v¢jC sKsj mfKf W diE kcst snfuf JfVf rskb. ˆƒ nmq dkdb htskb,

S��#��/�# E5א�U#�[. ªnfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr.« (zKGf{, zfïfrv sp iawQnf jsv dkdb kf wahB jsvb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 799 bQ) bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj dkdb ˆ jKf htsk zfslw jsv hstdYstb, ªsjfb stfsjvƒ bfmfp kk[B ipG§À n©iCBG rsh bf, pk[B ipG§À bf sn kjhDv dlsqsY ---- zk}iv v¢jC jsvsY --- zk}iv `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr' hst snfuf JfVf rsqsY.« (zflf} 857 bQ, rf}) ˆƒ nmsqW dkdb …Hq rfksj j]fL zKhf jfsbv …idvHfo ipG§À kctskb; spmb ˆ jKf iCshG zfstfdyk rsqsY. mfstj dhb ùqfƒdvn hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � kfjhDsv kfrvDmfv nmq jfb hvfhv …Hq rfk kctskb. zfv pJb dkdb v¢jC sKsj mfKf kctskb W `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr' htskb kJbW zbcv™i rfk kctskb.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 795bQ) …ÙÁ�jWmfq dkdb�ˆv™i JfVf rskb sp, smv¢lsàv iaskAj (33 Jfbf) rfV dbu dbu ufqofq dIsv spk. (hc} 828, zflf}, dm} 792bQ) dkdb htskb, ªƒmfm hfbfsbf rq kfv zbcnvB jvfv …sÜswA. nckvfQ ---sn pJb `nfdmzfïfù ---' htsh kJb skfmvf `vfêfbf ztfjft rfmXl' ht. zfïfr skfmfslv iawQnf wahB jvshb. jfvB, zfïfr kfhfvfjf zkfzftf k]fv bhD � ˆv mcsJ hstsYb, `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr' (zKGf{, zfïfrv sp iawQnf jsv dkdb kf wahB jsvb). (mc} 404, zfzf}, zf}, zflf} 972bQ) zbA ˆj rflDsn dkdb …ÙÁ�jKf htfv IpDtk iansÌ�hstb,�ª---pfv�‰�jKf dIdvñfhsoGv jKfv nmHfh rsh, kfv iCshGjfv ifinmCr mfI rsq pfsh.« (hc}, mc}, dk}, zflf}, ƒmf}, bf}, dm} 874bQ)


113

iCshGv hBGbf sKsj ˆ jKf hcUf pfq sp, ƒmfm `nfdmzfïfù ---' htst mcÙÁflD `vfêfbf ztfjft rfmXl' htsh. ksh ˆJfsb ˆ jKf dbdÇyk bq sp, mcÙÁflD `nfdmzfïfù ---' htsh bf. hvQ mcÙÁflDW�…Hq hfjAƒ htsk ifsv. spsrkc zfïfrv bhD � …Hqƒ hstsYb. (slJcb, mc}, zflf}, iaHxdk, dm} 793bQ, dnnfb} 135-136ix})

jjjWWWmmmfffvvv lllcc czzzfff ��9 ��Dא ��#�� .1 � (hc}, mc}, dm} 793, 799bQ)

�9و� ��Dא ��#�� .2�� (hc} 803 bQ, iamcJ)

��9 ��Dא ��#�� .3 ��@�<W' א�� (hc} 796, mc}, iaHxdk, dm} 874bQ)

��9و� ��Dא ��#�� .4 ��@�<W' א�� (hc} 795bQ, mc}, iamcJ) …¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- vfêfbf tfjft rfmXl, zKhf vfêfbf ztfjft rfmXl, zKhf zfïfù©mf vfêfbf tfjft rfmXl, zKhf zfïfù©mf vfêfbf ztfjft rfmXl. zKG}- sr zfmfslv iaHc! skfmfvƒ dbdmsÙ�pfhkDq iawQnf. 5. ��&(�.��fC��&�Gא��&x�.אg��#��#�� א�D� و��9� �

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- vfêfbf ztfjft rfmXlc rfmlfb jfnDvfb k¶fƒdqhfm mchf-vfjfb IDr. (hc} 798, mf} 494, zflf} 770bQ) zbA ˆj hBGbfq dbsmv wèÈstf hfVdk zfsY,

…�'�$�.��C;�aو��9f ��f��#�.��&.

`---mchfvfjfb zftfƒdr jfmf qcAdrêc vfêcbf zqAfvp¶f. (zflf} 773, dk} 405, nbf} 892-893bQ) zhwA …ÙÁ�hBGbfq r]fdyv jKfW�…sïJ zfsY. pfsk msb rq sp, hBGbfjfvD dvIfzfr dhb vfsI' ˆv r]fdyW ‰ nmsqƒ ˆsndYt. (Ihf} 2/334) bfmfp swsN bhD � htstb, ªbfmfsp sj jKf htt?« dvIfzfr htstb, `zfdm.' htstb, ªzfdm dÛwfdLj dIdvñfsj slJtfm, k]fvf lczfdesj (zfmtbfmfq) iaKsm dtJfv ubA zfsifsn iadkspfdokf jvsY!« iCBG lczfdev zKG}- sr zfmfslv iaHc! skfmfvƒ pfhkDq iawQnf, zodBk idhÛkf W hjGkmq iawQnf (spmb zfmfslv iadkiftj Hfstfhfsnb W n§Âó rb.) …ÙÁ�rflDnsj dHdÙ�jsv zsbsj msb jsvb sp, jWmfv lczf nwsè iVf ytsh. dj§Â�hAfifvef dYt zfjdn¹j W ziakAfdwk. kfƒskf dvIfzfr YfVf zfv sj… …ÙÁ�lczf nwsè hstsYb hf ‰ dlb YfVf zbA dlbW sj… hstsYb dj bf kfv sjfb iamfB sbƒ. nckvfQ jWmfv lczf nwsè iVf dhsLq bq. (mh} 26/98) hVsufv ˆ jKf htf pfq sp, sj… sj… sjfb sjfb nmq nwsè iVsk ifsv. dj§Â�wkG rstf, spb ziv bfmfpDv


114

dF±efhG bf rq. (Ihf} 2/335) jfvB, iv±iv dF±efhG jsv jcvzfb ifEW dbsNL. (mf}, zf} 2/36, 4/344) nckvfQ …Ùm rstf db}wsè iVfƒ. 6666. . . . �� r)�;�h�/C�l��h��C�)�%Cو�א��ض��)�%Cو�Jو�א�#�L א�)�%C��#�� א�D� و��9� ��

…¤yfvB}- vfêfbf ztfjft rfmlc dmtzfn nfmf-Wqf-dk zdmtzft zfvdp¶ z dmtzf mf dw'kf dmb wfƒdqb hf'l. zKG- sr zfmfslv iaHc! skfmfvƒ dbdmsÙ pfhkDq iawQnf zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhD Hsv ˆhQ ˆv isvW kcdm pf yfW snƒ h²Â Hsv. ˆj hBGbfq ˆƒ lczfW hfVdk zfsY,

و�א [�B�+�3f6 א�/C�13��<�G�@�<N' א�،�'��و�א ��دو�א #��(א ��دx � �13��<�G�@�<N' א��j ��3�/�א �C��&� �+��Bא��x א1N*�9��#�..

…¤yfvB}- zfïf-ù©mf k¶frXdrvbD dhNNftdu zthfvfdl ztmf-ƒt hf-dvl. zfïfù©mf k¶frXdrvbD dmbfp pcbCdh ztJfk¶fqAf jfmf qcAbfÄ¶fN NfWhct zfhqAfp¶c dmbflX lfbfn. zKG}- sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfsj hvI, dwtfhxdó�W Efàf ifdb äfvf idhÛ�jsv lfW. sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfsj sofbfr W Û¢denmCr sKsj snƒv™i idhÛ�jv, spv™i nflf jfiVsj mqtf sKsj idhÛ�jvf rq. (mc} 476bQ, iamcJ)

7777. . . . �� r)�;�h�/C�l��h��C�)�%Cو�و�א��ض�Jو�א��#�L א�)�%C��#�� א�D� ��9� ��n�# و�א)��9�x א�%�M��،��b��$�D� ��9z'E.و�א ��ل��A��Cfe��:ذ�א�U�:�9��#��l��9�Cو� �;j��C��#��$��l�&�jو� �U3��C��@�<W' א�

��n א�D�9C��n א.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- vfêfbf tfjft rfmlc dmtzfn nfmf-Wqf-dk zt zfvdp¶ zdmtzf mf dw'kf dmb wfƒdqb hf'l, zfrtfn nfbf-dq ztmfuXl. zfrfÄ¶c mf j¶f-tft zfèX, zjcïcbf tfjf zfèX, zfïf-ù©mf tf mf-dbzf dtmf zf'k¶fƒkf ztf mc'dk¶zf dtmf mfbf'kf ztf qAfbIf… pft ufdÜ dmbjft ufÜX. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfmfslv iaHc! skfmfvƒ dbdmsÙ zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhD iCBG ˆhQ ˆv isvW pf yfW kf iCBG pfhkDq iawQnf. sr iawQnf W soZvshv zdLjfvD! hf¦lfv nh sysq nkAjKf -ˆhQ zfmvf iaskAsjƒ skfmfv hf¦lf, `sr zfïfr! kcdm pf ialfb jv kf svfL jvfv ˆhQ pf svfL jv kf ialfb jvfv nfLA jfsvf sbƒ. zfv Lbhfsbv Lb skfmfv zfpfh sKsj mcdÙÁ sisk sjfb …ijfsv zfnsh bf.' (mc} 477) …ÙÁ�lcƒ iajfv lczfv wcv¢sk `zfïfù©mf---' wèW djYc hBGbfq hfVdk zfsY. (zflf} 846, 847bQ)

�;�א ��#�� ....8888�� ;�א ��#�� .

…¤yfvB …¤yfvB …¤yfvB …¤yfvB- dtvfdêqft rfmlX, dtvfdêqft rfmlX.


115

zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfmfv iaHcv ubAƒ pfhkDq iawQnf, zfmfv iaHcv ubAƒ pfhkDq iawQnf. kfrfÏcslv bfmfsp dkdb hfvhfv�ˆde ifE jvskb. pfv Ist�ˆƒ jWmfr k]fv djqfsmv nmfb tìf rsq spk; sp djqfsm dkdb nCvf hfj¶fvfr ifE jvskb! (zflf}, bf}, ƒo} 335bQ)

jjjWWWmmmfffqqq ddd²²²¿¿ ¿vvvkkkfffvvv ��ÈÈÈvvv ¢¢¢kkk ¶¶ ¶ zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv ˆƒ jWmfr iafq k]fv v¢jCv nmfb rk. hvQ dkdb jJsbf jJsbf ˆk tìf l]fVfskb sp, zsbsj msb jvk, dkdb rqskf hf dnulfq spsk Hcst sosYb. (hc}, mc}, zf}, ƒo} 307bQ) bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj dkdb ˆƒ jWmfq d²¿vkf zhtìb�jvsk zfslw jsv hstsYb, ª---zk}iv mfKf kcst snfuf JfVf rsh; pfsk iaskAj rfV kfv dbsuv ufqofq dIsv pfq.« zbA ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, ªpJb (v¢jC sKsj diE) …Efsh kJb diE (smv¢là)sj snfuf jv. mfKfsj ˆmb snfuf jsv skft, pfsk nm²À rfV dbu dbu sufsV dIsv pfq.« (hc}, mc}, lf}, rf}, zf}, wfsIqD) dkdb zfsvf hstsb, ªzfïfr kfzftf snƒ hf¦lfv bfmfspv iadk kfdjsqW slsJb bf, sp kfv smv¢là (diE)sj v¢jC W dnulfv mfsU snfuf jsv bf.« (zf} 2/525, k¶fhf jfhDv) nckvfQ p]fvf v¢jC sKsj n©iCBG JfVf bf rsq hf zfLf JfVf rsq r]fec sHsÌ�yeXieX dnulfq yst pfb k]fslv bfmfp sjmb rsh kf nrsu zbcsmq.

jjjWWWmmmfffqqq rrrfffkkk sssjjjfffKKKfffqqq KKKfffjjjssshhh??? ncâfrsk ˆ jKf ±ió�sp, bfmfpDv�…Hq rfk bfmfsp djqfm zh²¿fq h[²¿st Kfjsh. dj§Â `bfmfp' W `djqfm' dbdlGó�jsv sjfbX zh²¿fsj hcUfsbf rsqsY kf dbsq mksHl vsqsY. djqfsm rfk h]fLf htskW dj (v¢jCv zfsov W isvv) …Hq djqfmsjƒ hcUfq? iaskAj rfV kfv ö²¿fsb hf dbu sufsV dIsv pfq htsk dj rfkW dbsuv ufqofq dIsv pfq? bfdj�ˆJfsb wcLc smv¢lsàv rfsVv jKfƒ hcUfsbf rsqsY? rfVÈstfv dbsuv ufqofq hf sufsV dIsv pfWqfv zsKG icb} rfk h]fLfW dj wfdmt? bfdj …sÜwA rt�…ÙÁ�zh²¿fq diE snfuf jsv d²¿v rWqf�(ƒk¶dmbfb)? rfk dbsuv ufqofq dIsv sost, kfv dbsuv ufqof hcsj Kfjf zh²¿fef, bfdj�öfHfdhjHfsh Ucst Kfjf zh²¿fef? hf²Àhis[ `bfmfp' W `djqfm' htsk pdl v¢jCv zfsov djqfm (tìf l]fVfsbf) W v¢jCv isvv jWmfr (ˆjec l]fVfsbf) …Hqsj ˆhQ rfV htsk pdl rfksjW kKf kfv dbu ufqof htsk hcsjv …ivsj hcUf rq, kfrst jWmfskW hcsj rfk h]fLf ncâk.


116

kfYfVf (v¢jCv zfsov) djqfsm rfk hcsjv …iv, v¢jC zh²¿fq r]fecv�…iv, dnulfr zh²¿fq syrfvfv lcƒ ifsw mcnfïfq, hnf zh²¿fq r]fec hf vfsbv�…iv vfJfv hAfifsv ltDt�±ió.�dj§Â�v¢jCv iv jWmfv zh²¿fq rfk sjfKfq Kfjsh sn hAfifsv sjfb iakA[ W�±ió�ltDt ncâfrsk sbƒ. zkˆh z±ió�ltDtsj dHdÙ�jsv htf pfq,�ˆƒ djqfm (jWmfr)W ‰ djqfsmvƒ mk. kfƒ …Hq zh²¿fq hcsj rfk h]fLf ncâk. (ƒhsb hfp, mfumCzfkc vfnfƒt dInX n¶ftfr, 134ix}, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb, mcm 3/146) i[f§Àsv nfrfhfosBv ˆk ˆk rflDsn vnCt � ˆv bfmfp-iÝdkv nC[¹�hBGbf W iaskAj�²¿fsb rfk vfJfv jKf�…sïJ Kfjf nsÙ¶W�±ió�W iakA[ rflDn hf hBGbf bf Kfjfv Ist kf dhlzfkW rsk ifsv. (zfthfbD, dnnfb} 139ix}) nckvfQ dhNqde sp dhkdjGk kf htfƒ hfùtA. Ifqnftf ƒudkrfslv …iv. zfv ªmcukfdrl (zfstm) pJb ƒudkrfl jsv (sjfb dhNsq ndEj dnÝfs§À si]ZYsbfv syóf jsv)�ˆhQ sn ndEjkfq si]ZsY pfq, kJb kfv Fht nWqfh tfH rq. dj§Â�ƒudkrfl jsv Hct dnÝfs§À si]ZYstW kfv (sofbfr rq bf, hvQ) ˆjde nWqfh tfH rq.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 3732 bQ) ˆ hAfifsv sj…ƒ zivfLD bq. ƒhsb …mfv hstb, J¦lsjv pcÝ�swsN pJb bhD � dIsv�ˆstb, kJb dkdb zfmfslvsj htstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… spb hbD jcvfƒpfr YfVf zbA ²¿fsb (zfnsvv) bfmfp bf isV.«�isK ytsk ytsk zfnsvv nmq�…id²¿k rt.�ˆjlt htt, snJfsb bf si]ZsY zfmvf bfmfp iVh bf. (jfvB, dkdb snJfb YfVf zbA�²¿fsb bfmfp iVsk dbsNL jsvsYb.) ziv lt htt, hvQ zfmvf isKƒ bfmfp isV sbh. (jfvB, bfmfspv nmq ˆsn …id²¿k rsqsY. kfYfVf) k]fv�…sÜwA�ˆƒ dYt bf sp, zfnsvv nmq rstW zfmvf bfmfp iVh bf. (hvQ k]fv …sÜwA dYt, zfmvf spb kfVfkfdV hbD jcvfƒpfq si]ZsY pfƒ, pfsk snJfsb dosq zfnsvv nmq rq. Ist iaKm lt idK msLA bfmfp iVt bf. zfv däkDq lt isV dbt.) zk}iv bhD � ˆv dbje Oebfde Jcst htf rst dkdb sjfb ltsjƒ H{Gnbf jvstb bf. (hc} 946 bQ, mc}) spsrkc k]fslv ltDt dYt äAKGshfLj. kfƒ iaskAsjv LfvBf ˆhQ dnÝf§ÀW dYt ndEj. zfv kfv ubAƒ db¦lfrGW rstb bf sj…. jWmfq rfk h]fLfv hAfifvdeW zbcv™i ƒudkrflD ipGfsqv. äAKGshfLj hf z±ió�ltDt dbsq�ˆsj zsbAv db¦lf jvf zhwAƒ …dyk bq. hAfifvde ±ió�ltDt-dHdÙj bq hstƒ ƒmfm zfrmfl dhb rfìt (v}) hstsYb, `bfmfpDv ƒ¤Yf rst v¢jCv iv …sE dbsuv rfk lc'desj sYsV vfJsh, bsy{ yfƒst hcsjv …iv vfJsh.' (mfnfƒtc zfrmfl, nfstr dhb ƒmfm zfrmfl 2/205, Icv™' 1/433, mchdl' 1/451, ƒbnfI 2/63, wfvù mc§Àfrft ƒvflfk

1/185, mcm} 3/146) zfv k]fv dbje djqfm W jWmfr ˆj bq hstƒ jWmfq ˆƒ ˆJdkqfv. nckvfQ zfibfv ubAW ˆJdkqfv vsqsY jWmfq rfk h]fLf hf bf h]fLfv. ksh msb vfJshb sp, ˆde ˆjde nd¦lÊ�ncâk. ncâk rst ˆhQ kf iftb jvst zfidb kfv


117

nWqfshv zdLjfvD rshb. bf mfbst zivfLD hf sofbfrofv rshb bf. i[f§Àsv dhlzfk rst kf zfidÙjv. iv§Â�snefW nd¦lÊ.�zkˆh ˆ dbsq hfVfhfdV ˆhQ zfsifsn msbfmfdtbA kKf dhd¤Yâkf W zSbjA zfbf zfslZ nmDyDb bq.

dddnnnuuulllfffrrr WWW kkkfffvvv iiiÝÝÝdddkkk jWmfv iv bhD mchfwXdwv � kjhDv hst dnulfq spskb. bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj dnulfr jvsk zfslw dlsq hstdYstb, ªd²¿vkfv nfsK dnulfr dhbf bfmfp n©iCBG rsh bf.« (zflf} 857 bQ, rf}) dnulfq pfWqfv iCshG `vIXsq qAflfƒb' jvfv hBGbfW nrDr rflDsn ifWqf pfq. (nbf} 1040 bQ, lfvf}) nckvfQ jJsbf jJsbf kf jvst sjfb slfN rsh bf. dnulfq pfWqfv nmq zfïfrv bhD � k]fv rfk lc'desj dbu i]fuv sKsj lCsv vfJskb. (zfhC qAf'tf, ƒJc} 625 bQ) ˆ nmq nhGiaKm dkdb k]fv rfk lc'desj mcnfïfq vfJskb. kfviv vfJskb r]fec. ˆ hAfifsv hdBGk rflDnÈdt zdLjkv nrDr. (nzflf} 746, nbf} 1044, dm} 899, ƒo} 357, dnnfb} 140ix}, …Üfr 96ix})

iaKsm r]fec vfJfv rflDnW hù …tfmfv dbje wcÝ.�kfƒ k]fslv dbje …Hq zfmtƒ ShL. ncdhLfmk rfk zKhf r]fec zfso vfJsk ifsv bfmfpD. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr 22/449, Ihf} 2/291, …Üfr 96ix}, ƒhsb hfp; jfƒdIqAfkc öftfdkb bfhD �, mfvfnf 127ix}, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb; dvnftfkcb ID dnIfdk öftfdkb bfhD � 9ix}, mcm} 3/165-157, Ifkùt mf'hCl dhdnrXrfdk kfj¶lDdmv v¢jhfkfƒdb j¶fhtft qAflfƒdb dIn ncuCl) dkdb htskb, ªrfk lc'deW dnulfr jsv, spmb syrfvf jsv. nckvfQ skfmfslv msLA sj… pJb (dnulfv ubA) dbsuv syrfvf (mcnfïfq) vfJsh, kJb spb sn kfv rfk lc'desjW vfsJ ˆhQ pJb syrfvf kctsh, kJb spb rfk lc'desjW skfst.« (ƒJc}, rf}, zf}, ƒo} 313 bQ) dnulfr jvfv nmq dkdb …Hq rfskv sysefv …iv Hv dlskb ˆhQ syfsef lc'desj dhdYsq vfJskb. (zflf}, rf}, dnnfb} 141ix}) rfskv zfÌctÈstfsj dmdtsq vfJskb. (ƒJc}, hf}, rf} 1/227) ˆhQ sjhtfmcsJ snfuf jsv vfJskb. (zflf} 732 bQ, hf}, ƒzfwf}) rfskv sysef lc'desj j]fsLv snfufncdu lcƒ ifsw vfJskb. (zflf} 734, dk}, dm} 801bQ) jJsbf hf vfJskb lcƒ jfsbv snfufncdu. (zflf} 723, 726, nbf} 856bQ) jifstv nfsK bfjdesjW mfde hf mcnfïfv nsÌ�tfdosq dlskb. (zflf}, ƒo} 309 bQ) dkdb htskb, ªsn hAdÙÁv bfmfpƒ rq bf, sp kfv jifstv mk bfjsjW mfdesk sEjfq bf.« (lfvf} 1304 bQ, k¶fhf) bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj dkdb hstdYstb, ªkcdm pJb dnulfr jvsh, kJb skfmfv mcJmàt W …Hq rfk (sysef)sj mfdev …iv svsJf. idvswsN spb skfmfv iaskAjef rfV ö²¿fsb d²¿v rsq pfq.« (ƒJc} 638 bQ)


118

ˆƒ nmq k]fv …Hq r]fec ˆhQ …Hq ifsqv ifkfv swN iaf§ÀW dnulfvk rk. ifsqv ifkf lc'desj dkdb (mfdev …iV) JfVf jsv vfJskb. (zflf} 879, nbf} 1053, ƒmf} 3841bQ, hf}) ˆhQ JfVf vfJsk zfslwW jsvsYb. (ndk} 228bQ, rf}) ifsqv zfÌctÈstfsj sjhtfv dlsj mcJ jsv vfJskb. (hc} 828bQ, zflf}) sofVfdt lc'desj ˆjsÛ�dmdtsq vfJskb. (k¶frf, ƒJc} 654 bQ, rf} 1/228) nckvfQ …ÙÁ�7�zÌ�äfvf dkdb dnulfvk rskb; mcJmàt (bfj nr jift) lcƒ rfskv sysef, lcƒ r]fec ˆhQ lcƒ ifsqv ifkf. dkdb hstb, ªzfdm nfk zÌ�äfvf dnulfr jvsk zfdló�rsqdY; jift, -zfv jift hst dkdb bfsjW rfk dIvfb- lcƒ rfk (sysef), lcƒ r]fec ˆhQ lcƒ ifsqv iaf§ÀHfo.« (hc}, mc}, nuf} 1369 bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, hf¦lf pJb dnulfr jsv, kJb kfv nsÌ�kfv 7 zÌ�dnulfr jsv; kfv syrfvf, lcƒ rfskv sysef, lcƒ r]fec W lcƒ ifsqv ifkf.« (mc}, zfzf}, ƒdr}, nbf} 1047, ƒmf} 885 bQ)

dkdb hstb, zfdm (zfmvf) zfdló�rsqdY sp, (v¢jC W dnulfv nmq) spb idvdrk jfiV W yct bf Èefƒ.« (hc}, mc}, nuf} 1369 bQ) ˆj hAdÙÁ�kfv mfKfv tìf yct diYb dlsj sh]sL vfJf zh²¿fq bfmfp iVst dkdb hstb,�ªˆ�skf snƒ hAdÙÁv mk, sp kfv�…Hq rfk h]fLf zh²¿fq bfmfp isV.« (mc} 492, zfzf}, ƒdr}, zflf}, 647 bQ, bf}, lf}, zf} 1/304) dkdb ycstv ‰ h]fLbsj wqkfb hnfv ufqof hst m§ÀhA jsvsYb. (zflf} 646 bQ, dk}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}) ˆ hAfifsv dh²Àfdvk zfstfybf zfnsY `bfmfsp dbdNÝ�hf mjv™r jmGfhtD'v zLAfsq. zfïfrv bhD � dnulfq dbsuv rfskv iasjfô hf vtf lc'desj mfdesk dhdYsq vfJskb bf. (hc} 828 bQ, zflf}) hvQ kf mfde hf mcnfïf sKsj …dEsq vfJskb. zbcv™i i]fuv sKsjW lCsv vfJskb. ˆsk diYb sKsj k]fv hostv nflf zQw slJf spk. (hc} 390, mc}, ƒo} 359bQ) k]fv rfk W i]fusvv mfsU ˆk I]fj rk sp, sjfb YfotYfbf snƒ I]fsj ifv rsk yfƒst ifv rsk ifvk. (mc}, zfzf}, zflf} 898 bQ, rf} 1/228, ƒdr}) dnulfv nmq dkdb jJsbf jJsbf rfk lcdesj i]fuv sKsj ˆk lCsv vfJskb sp, kf slsJ jkj nfrfhD hstb, `zfmfslv msb (k]fv jó�rs¤Y ˆƒ LfvBf jsv) hAKf zbcHh rk.' (zflf} 900bQ, ƒmf}) ˆ hAfifsv dkdb zfslw jsv htskb, ªpJb kcdm dnulfr jv, kJb skfmfv rfskv lcƒ sysefsj (mfdev …iv) vfJ ˆhQ lcƒ jbcƒsj …iv dlsj kcst vfJ.« (mc} 494bQ, zfzf}) ªskfmvf snfufHfsh dnulfr jv. skfmfslv msLA sj… spb jcjcsvv mk lcƒ iasjfôsj dhdYsq bf slq.« (hc} 822, mc}, zflf}, zf}) ªskfmfv lcƒ rfskv iasjfôsj drQna u§Âslv mk dhdYsq dlW bf. lcƒ sysefv …iv Hv jv W i]fuv sKsj (jbcƒ lc'desj) lCsv vfJ. ˆv™i jvst skfmfv nsÌ�skfmfv iaskAj zÌ�dnulfr jvsh.« (ƒJc}, rf} 1/227)


119

dddnnnuuulllfffqqq LLLDDDvvvkkkfffvvv ÈÈÈvvv¢¢¢kkk ¶¶ ¶ LDv-d²¿vHfsh dnulfr jvf Wqfsuh. kfVfùsVf jsv bfmfp wcÝ�rq bf. dnulfq dosq LDvkf W d²¿vkf zhtìb jsv diE snfuf bf jvst�ˆhQ iaskAj rfV kfv dbsuv sufsV d²¿vHfsh hsn bf sost mcvoDv lfbf JfWqfv mk bfmfp iVf rq W bfmfp ycdv jvf rq. zfv dnulfq diE snfuf bf jvst bfmfpW hfdkt idvodBk rq -spmb�ˆnh jKf v¢jCv hBGbfq zfstfdyk rsqsY.

dddnnnuuulllfffvvv dddpppjjjXX Xvvv WWW lllcc czzzfff dnulfq dosq mrfbhD � ˆj ˆj nmsq ˆj ˆj vjm lczf ifE jvskb. k]fv dhdHâ lczf dbmv™i}- .]��ن�� ;�א��$�'; .1 (nchrf-bf vfdêqAft zf'tf)

zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfdm zfmfv mrfb iaHcv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv. 3 hfv hf kskfdLj hfv. (zflf} 885bQ, lfvf}, k¶frf, hfppfv, k¶fhf) 2. S��#�� .]��ن�� ;�א��$�';و�

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- nchrf-bf vfdêqAft zf'tf zdhrfmdlr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfdm zfmfv ncmrfb iaHcv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv. 3 hfv. (zflf} , zf}, lfvf}, hf} 2/86, k¶fhf})

و� .3w�8p�"�# אfB��bو�سf�EAb|�+f��[�|و�f� א.��

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- ncêCrcb j¶cÜCncb vfêct mftf-ƒjfdk zvG™r. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zdk dbvÓb, znDm idhÛ dIdvñfmàtD W duhvDt (zf}) ˆv iaHc (zfïfr). (mcndtm)

4. �1 ��א_:@�<W' א��#�� 9و� ��@�<W' א�D�3��[.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- nchrf-bfjfïf-ù©mf vêfbf zdhrfmdljf,zfïf-ù©mfoX dIvtD. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv, sr zfmfslv iaHc! kcdm zfmfsj mfI jv. (hcJfvD, mcndtm)

5. 6N' �;�]��nو�,�>�;� ��l�3��و��l�#�'�[��D� و��l�9�CR�D � ��DfJ��n�[و�@�<W' א�و��*�'�O�y�/�&*�]�#��و� �<��S،)��4אE5��L/�א [�� e�hو��S��+�!�/�L��(�S��+!.

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf tfjf nfufÙc z dhjf zf-mfbkc z tfjf zfnXtfmkc z zf§Àf vfêD, nfuflf zudrqf dtïfpD Jftfj¶fù z n¶f…Wqfvfù Ifzfrnfbf n¶cqfvfù z wfÄ¶f nfmzfù z hfn¶fvfù Ifkfhf vfjfïf-ù zfrnfbct Jf-dtj¶Db. zKG zKG zKG zKG---- sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfvƒ ubA dnulfhbk, skfmfskƒ dhw¶fnD, skfmfv dbjseƒ


120

zfk¹nmiGBjfvD, kcdm zfmfv iaHc. zfmfv mcJmàt k]fv …sÜswA dnulfhbk rt, dpdb kf nxdó jsvsYb, Wv zfjxdk lfb jsvsYb ˆhQ zfjxdk nc¦lv jsvsYb. Wv y[c W jBGsj …lXok jsvsYb. nckvfQ ncdbicB naóf zfïfr jk mrfb! (mc} 771, zflf} 760 bQ, dk}, ƒmf}, bf}, zf})

6. �S��2�2�4��و�]&�S��2و�$�"�3ORو��2� ��12ذ��3�122N'E.��و�د2NA��و�,'2N��و��و ��2�א_:@�<W' א�.…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïf-ù©mfoXdIvtD pfmhD jcïfr, zdlÄ¶fù zduïfr, zzf…Wqftfù z zf-dJvfr, z zftf-dbqAfkfù zdnvGfr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfv jm W shwD, iCshGv W isvv, iajfdwk W ocå njt iajfv sofbfrsj mfI jsv lfW. (mc} 483bQ, zfzf}) 7. ��Cو��y��y6M،�;�'�$�D4�#��9 �)�+� ��،�y�D�qE(אد �/�CRو��1، ��&Oو��y]��n ��D]�+�אد

�1L:�3;'�$�l�&�9�,.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- nfuflf tfjf nfWqf-lD z dJqftD z zf-mfbf dhjf IczflD, zfhC… dhdb'mfdkjf zftfƒqAf. rf-pD qAflD zmf ufbfƒkc zftf bfInD. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfmfv slr W mb skfmfv …sÜswA dnulfhbk, zfmfv r™lq skfmfv …iv dhw¶fnD. zfdm zfmfv …iv skfmfv zbcoar n¶Djfv jvdY. ˆef zfmfv dbsuv …iv zkAfyfsvv nfsK (skfmfv ubA) zfmfv zfbcokA. (rfsjm, hfpXpfv, mfumf…p pfWqfsql 2/128) 8. kfrfÏcslv bfmfspv dnulfq dbsmv lczfocdt ifE jvf …Ùm.

،�l�3��N��?�� ?��،��#�� و�@�<W' א�D�3��[

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB- nchrf-jfïf-ù©mf z dhrfmdljf tf ƒtf-rf ƒïf zf§ÀX. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfv niawQn idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv, kcdm YfVf zbA sjfb nkA mfhcl sbƒ. (mc} 485bQ, bf}, zfzf})

9. w�#��و�א ��)��و�א 8J�+E8�'�# و�אJو��n אy��.]��ن�ذ

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- nchrf-bf dpt ufhfv™dk zt mftfjCdk zt djhdvqf-ƒ zt zfpfmfr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfdm iahtkf, nfhGsHZmk¶, ohG W mfrfsk¹Av zdLjfvD (zfïfrv) idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv. (zfhc lf…l, bfnf„)

10. �l�9�'�$��Cو��J��[��C�1 ��א_:@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïf-ù©mfoXdIvtD mf zfnvfvkc zmf zf'tfbkc. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfmfv ziajfwA W iajfwA ifinmCr [mf jsv lfW. (bf} 1076 bQ, rf}, ƒzfwf})

11. �/C� �<��y�3+��אو�1(�]�#��1�3+��אو�1(�3�1�3+��אو��L �1(��1�3+��אو�'�A�1�א,��%�)@�<W' א��1�3+��א ��#h�/�$�9�1�3+��אو�&#��/�$�4�1�3+��אو��=�/C��1�3+��אوA�+�(�H��/�&� �/C�و �


121

�1�3+��א �@��$��1�3+��אوL:�3�1�1�3+��אو�א,��%�):'�O�/C�.�3+��אو

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mfuXzft ID j¶fthD bCvf]… zID dtnf-bD bCvf]… zID nfmqD bCvf]…] zID hfn¶fvD bCvf]… zdmb If…j¶D bCvf]… zdmb kfrkD bCvf]… z z]fƒ qAfmDbD bCvf]… z zfb dwmf-tD bCvf]… zdmb hfƒdb qAflfƒqAf bCvf]… zdmb JftID bCvf]… zuXzft ID bfInD bCvf]… z zf'dpm tD bCvf. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfmfv r™lq W vnbfq jBG W y[csk, †sL¶G W dbsm´, Ffƒsb W hfsm, n©mcsJ W iÇyfsk suAfdk ialfb jv. zfmfv zfk¹fq suAfdk lfW ˆhQ zfmfsj zdLj zdLj bCv lfb jv. (mc} 763, nbf} 1073 bQ, zfzf}, ƒzfwf})

12. �1>��E��D�9C�D 4�Dو��$�+�ذ�� +E*�$�/C�D=��(��# �Dو�j�]�[�/C��a�� ?�3��1��$�+�ذ�@�<W' א��DL:�3;'�$�l�&�9��#�.�l�3��D�&�'�$g)��9��.

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zf†pc dhdvp¶f-jf dmb nfJfdk¶j, zdhmczfIf-dkjf dmb …j¶Chfdkj, z zf†pc dhjf dmbXjf tf …rXn¶D Nfbf-zfb zftfƒjf zf§Àf jfmf zfNbfƒkf zftf bfIdnjX. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv n§Âdóv znDtfq skfmfv sÛÁfL sKsj, skfmfv [mfwDtkfv znDtfq skfmfv wfd²À sKsj ˆhQ skfmfv nÙfv znDtfq skfmfv zfpfh sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. zfdm skfmfv …iv skfmfv iawQnf ocsb swN jvsk ifdv bf, spmb kcdm dbsuv iawQnf dbsu jsvY. (mc}, ƒzfwf}, nbf} 1053, ƒmf} 3841 bQ) v¢jC W dnulfsk jcvzfb ifE jvsk mrfbhD � dbsNL jvskb ˆhQ dnulfsk zdLjfdLj lczf jvsk zfslw jvskb. zfv ˆ jKf v¢jCv hBGbfq zfstfdyk rsqsY. dkdb zfsvf htskb, ªdnulfr zh²¿fq hf¦lf zfib iaHcv nhsysq zdLj dbjekm rsq Kfsj. nckvfQ ‰ zh²¿fq skfmvf shwD-shwD jsv lczf jv.« (mc} 482, zfzf}, hf}, ƒo} 456bQ) …sïJA sp, dnulfq iafKGbfmCtj lczf jvfv ubA 4, 6, 10, 11 W 12bQ dpjXv iEbDq. ˆ YfVf jcvzfbD lczf hf zbA sjfb nrDr rflDsnv lczf ifE jvf lCNBDq bq. spmb dnulfq jcvzfb ifE dbdNÝ�rstW lczf drnfsh sjfb jcvzfbD zfqfk�äfvf iafKGbf jvf dbsNsLv zfWkfHcÙÁ�bq. (mcm} 3/184-185)

lllDDDOOOGG G dddnnnuuulllfffrrr mrfbhD � ˆv dnulf iafq v¢jCv nmfb tìf rk. zhwA jJsbf jJsbf sjfb jfvsB k]fv dnulfr nfmdqj lDOGW�rk. wfÜfl hstb,�ˆjlf spfrv zKhf zfnsvv bfmfp iVfv�…sÜswA dkdb zfmfslv mfsU shv rstb. k]fv sjfst dYt rfnfb zKhf�ùnfƒb. dkdb nfmsb dosq kfsj dbsuv Ffb ifsqv jfsY vfJstb. zk}iv dkdb kjhDv dlsq bfmfp wcv¢ jvstb. bfmfp iVsk iVsk dkdb ˆjde dnulfr (zöfHfdhj) tìf jvstb.


122

(hAfifv bf hcsU) zfdm stfsjv mfsU mfKf kcst sIttfm. slJtfm, dkdb dnulfr zh²¿fq zfsYb, zfv k]fv disE dwwcde ysV hsn zfsY! zk}iv icbvfq zfdm dnulfq dIsv sotfm. zfïfrv vnCt � bfmfp swN jvst stfsjvf k]fsj htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfidb bfmfp iVsk iVsk ˆjde dnulfr (zdLj) tìf jvstb.�ˆv Ist zfmvf LfvBf jvtfm sp, djYc rqskf Oet zKhf zfibfv�…iv WrD zhkDBG rs¤Y.' dkdb htstb, ªˆ nshv sjfbefƒ bq. zfnst (hAfifv rt), zfmfv shef (bfdk) zfmfsj nWqfvD hfdbsq dbsqdYt. kfƒ kfv mb Hsv bf slWqf ipG§À (…Efv ubA) kfVfkfdV jvfefsj zfdm ziY¦l jvtfm.« (nbf} 1093 bQ, ƒhsb zfnfdjv, rf}) ƒhsb mn†l hstb, dkdb bfmfp iVskb, zfv dnulfr zh²¿fq rfnfb W�ùnfƒb k]fv disE ysV hnk. stfsjvf kfslvsj ˆmb jvsk mfbf jvst dkdb ƒwfvfq htskb, ªWslvsj (dbsuv zh²¿fq) sYsV lfW.«�zk}iv bfmfp swN jvst kfslv …Hqsj sjfst hdnsq htskb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfmfsj Hfstfhfsn, sn spb�ˆslvsj Hfstfhfsn.« (ƒJc} 887bQ, hf} 2/263) iajfw Kfsj sp, zjfvsB ˆjde sYsV zbA dnulfrdesj tìf jvf dhsLq bq. kfƒ swN dnulfrsj tìf jvf dhlzfk. (Iƒ} 1/285)

dddnnnuuulllfffvvv mmmfffrrrfffkkk¹¹¹AAA mf'lfb dhb zfhD kftrf rsk hdBGk dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCstv n¶fLDbjxk (mcÙÁ) lfn nWhfb ˆv nfsK nf[f{ jsv httfm, zfmfsj ˆmb ˆjde zfmstv jKf hst dlb pf jvst zfdm ufâfk iashw jvsk ifvh, (zKhf htstb, zfdm httfm, zfïfrv dbje nhGfsi[f diaq zfmstv jKf hst dlb.) dj§Â …Ùv bf dlsq dkdb yci Kfjstb. icbvfq zfdm ˆjƒ zfshlb vfJtfm. khcW dkdb bDvh Kfjstb. zfdm kxkDqhfv zfshlb icbvfhxdÙ jvtfm. ˆhfsv dkdb htstb, ˆ hAfifsv zfdm zfïfrv vnCt sj duÎfnf jsvdY. …Ùsv dkdb hstdYstb, ªkcdm zfïfrv ubA zdLjfdLj dnulf jvfsj zHAfn hfdbsq bfW; jfvB pJbƒ kcdm zfïfrv ubA ˆjde dnulf jvsh kJbƒ zfïfr kfv dhdbmsq skfmfsj ˆj mpGflfq …âDk jvshb ˆhQ kfv lv¢b ˆjde sofbfr smfyb jvshb.« (mcndtm 488bQ dkvdmpD, bfnf„, ƒhsb mfufr) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªiaskAj hf¦lfƒ, pJb sn zfïfrv ubA ˆjde dnulf jsv kJbƒ kfv dhdbmsq zfïfr kfv ubA ˆjde nWqfh dtdihÝ jsvb, kfv ˆjde sofbfr [ftb jsv slb ˆhQ kfsj ˆjde mpGflfq …âDk jsvb. zkˆh skfmvf shwD shwD jsv dnulf jv.« (ƒhsb mfufr, nrDr kfvoDh 379bQ) vhDzfr dhb jf'h rsk hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt ˆv nfsK vfdÛhfn jvkfm ˆhQ k]fv Wpcv ifdb W zbAfbA iasqfubDq dudbn rfduv jsv dlkfm. ˆjlf dkdb zfmfsj htstb, ªkcdm zfmfv dbje djYc yfW.« zfdm httfm, `zfdm


123

ufâfsk zfibfv nQnoG yfƒ.' dkdb htstb, ªˆYfVf zfv djYc?« zfdm httfm, `Wefƒ (zfmfv hfnbf).' dkdb htstb, ªkfrst zdLj zdLj dnulf jsv (bIt bfmfp isV) ˆ hAfifsv zfmfv nrfqkf jv.« (mcndtm 489 bQ, zfhc lf†l, iamcJ) …©msk mcrf©mflDv mcJmàt dnulfr W Wpcv Ist djqfmskv dlb suAfdkmGq W …Ï¶t rsh. (zf} 4/189, dk}) ªzfïfr kfzftf pJb ufrfâfmhfnDslv mLA rsk pfsj ƒ¤Yf lqf ialwGsbv ƒ¤Yf jvshb, kJb dIdvñfslvsj zfslw jvshb sp, `pfvf�ˆjmfÛ�zfïfrvƒ ƒhflk jvk kfslvsj slfpJ sKsj shv jv.' dIdvñfhoG snƒ ƒhflkjfvD hAdÙÁhoGsj shv jvshb. k]fvf kfslv (jifst) dnulfv dyrÁ�slsJ dybsk ifvshb. jfvB, zfïfr slfpsJv ubA dnulfv dyrÁ�JfWqfsj (u¶ftfsbfsj) rfvfm jsv dlsqsYb. Ist ‰ njt stfjsj slfpJ sKsj shv jvf (W dbõxdk slWqf) rsh. nckvfQ zflm-n§Àfsbv iaskAj zÌ�slfpJ sJsq (u¶fdtsq) sItsh, dj§Â�dnulfv dydrÁk zÌ�Jfsh bf.« (hc} 806, mc} 182bQ)

mmmfffdddeee,,, jjjfffiiiVVV WWW yyyfffeeefffƒƒƒ--- ˆvvv ………iiivvv dddnnnuuulllfffrrr

bhD mchfwXdwv � zdLjfQw mfdev …ivƒ dnulfr jvskb. jfvB, k]fv mnduslv smsUƒ dYt mfdev. bf dYt kf it²Àvf jvf. zfv bf dYt yfefƒ, ye hf ofdtyf dhYfsbf. ‰ mnduslv YflW dYt sJucv Ffstv. hxdóv nmq jJsbf jJsbf Yfl shsq mnduslv dHksv ifdb iVk.�ˆj vmpfsbv 21 kfvDsJv vfsk dkdb ifdb W jflfskƒ dnulfr jsvdYstb. zfhC nf„l JclvD hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv jift W bfsj ifdb W jflfv dyrÁ�zfmfv�…Hq y[c iakA[ jsvsY.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 2086 bQ) i[f§Àsv dkdb jJsbf jJsbf yfefƒ-ˆv …isvW bfmfp isVsYb, jJsbf dnulfr jsvsYb (dnulfv ubA syrfvf vfJfv mk) sYfe yfefƒ-ˆv …iv. (hc} 380, 381bQ, mc}) nfrfhfoB vnCt � ˆv nfsK iayà ovsm bfmfp isVsYb. dnulfv ²¿fb ovm Kfjfq jift-bfj vfJsk bf ifvst k]fvf dbsuv jfiV dnulfv ufqofq dhdYsq dbsq kfv�…iv dnulfr jvskb. (hc} 385bQ, mc}) rfnfb hfnvD (v}) hstb, nfrfhfoB ifoVD W eciDv …iv (jifst svsJ) ˆhQ rfk lc'desj zfd²Àsbv dHksv svsJ dnulfr jvskb. (hc}, Ihf} 1/587) htfƒ hfùtA sp, jkj `lvshw-i§¿D'slv�…dÙÁ�`wqkfsbv dnulfv ufqofq dnulfr jvsk sbƒ. sn zfnmfsb-umDsb dnulfr jsv dkt hvfhvW ²¿fb hfjD vfsJdb. zkˆh mfdesk dnulfr ShL bq---' dHdÙrDb�ˆhQ bfmfspv iadk dhkxòf W zbDrfv hV ltDt. mcndtm�ˆmb jKfq sLfjf Jfq bf.

dddnnnuuulllfffrrr sssKKKsssjjj mmmfffKKKfff ssskkkffftttfff


124

zk}iv (dnulfv iv) bhD mchfwXdwv � `zfïfù zfjhfv' hst kjhDv dlsq dnulfr sKsj mfKf kctskb. ˆ hAfifsv dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj zfslw jsv hstsYb, ªsjfb hAdÙÁv bfmfp kk[B ipG§À n©iCBG rsh bf, pk[B ipG§À bf --- dnulfr jsvsY W kfsk kfv nm²À rfsVv sufV d²¿v rsqsY. zk}iv `zfïfù zfjhfv' hst mfKf kcst snfuf hsn sosY.« (zflf} 857 bQ, rf}) ˆƒ kjhDsvv nfsKW dkdb jJsbf jJsbf `vIXsq qAflfƒb' jvskb. (zf}, zflf} 740bQ, nbf}

1041, 1095 bQ) zKGf{ dkdb iaskAj bfmfsp hf nhGlf ˆƒ nmsq hf hnf zh²¿fq rfk kctskb bf. jfvB, zfècïfr dhb …mfv hstb, `bhD � dnulfv nmq hf hnf zh²¿fq rfk kctskb bf.' (hc}, mc}, iamcJ, dm} 793bQ) zbcv™i hstb rpvk zftD W. (zflf} 761bQ)

mfKf skftfv iv dkdb k]fv hfm if-sj dhdYsq dlskb W kfv …iv d²¿v rsq hsn spskb. (hc}, mc} ƒo} 316bQ) iv§Â�dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsjW�…ÙÁ�zfmt jvfv zfslw dlsq hstdYstb,�ªpJb kcdm dnulfr sKsj mfKf kctsh, kJb skfmfv hfm�†v¢v …iv hnsh.« (zf}, zflf} 859 bQ) ˆviv Ffb ifsqv ifkfsj dkdb JfVf vfJskb. (hc}, hf}, dnnfb} 151ix}) zfv ˆƒ ifsqv zfÌctÈstfsj sjhtfmcJD jsv vfJskb. (nbf} 1109 bQ) jJsbf jJsbf dkdb ˆƒ ShEsj lcƒ ifsqv ifkfsj JfVf svsJ ifsqv lcƒ sofVfdtv …iv hnskb. ˆƒ iajfv ShEj iansÌ�ƒhsb zfêfn sj duÎfnf jvf rst dkdb htstb,�`ˆv™i hnf ncâk.' k¶f†n hstb, zfmvf k]fsj httfm, `zfmvf skf êf bfmfpDv ubA jójv msb jdv.' dj§Â�dkdb�…Ùv dlstb, ìv§Â�êf skfmfv bhD��ˆv ncâk (kvDjf).' (mc} 536bQ, zfzf}, zfhcw wfqJ, zflf} 845 bQ, dk}, hf})

ˆƒƒƒ SSShhhEEEsssjjj ddd²²²¿¿ ¿vvvkkkfffvvv ��ÈÈÈvvv¢¢¢kkk¶¶ ¶ lcƒ dnulfv mfsU ˆƒ ShEsj zfïfrv bhD � d²¿v rsq hsn spskb�ˆhQ�ˆsk k]fv iaskAj rfV dbsuv ufqofq dIsv spk. (zflf} 734 bQ, hf}) dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsjW …ÙÁv™si hnfv zfslw dlsq hstdYstb, ªˆHfsh snfuf W d²¿v rsq bf hnst jfsvf bfmfp n©iCBG rsh bf.« (zflf} 857, rf}) ˆƒ ShEsj dkdb iafq kkef nmq hnskb, pkef nmq Lsv dkdb dnulfr jvskb. (hc} 792, mc}) jJsbf jJsbf ˆk tìf hnskb sp, nfrfhDoB msb jvskb, rqskf dkdb (däkDq dnulfr jvsk) Hcstƒ sosYb. (hc} 821 bQ, mc})

lllcc cƒƒƒ dddnnnuuulllfffvvv mmmfffsssUUU SSShhhEEEsssjjjvvv lllcc czzzfff �א_ .1@�<W' א��1�1و�א��9�# ��:)�19�1)و�א,��3�1و�א��)��9Aو�א��ز��193�1و�$��)��Mو�א.


125

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mfoXdIvtD zvrfmbD (zuhcvbD zvIf'bD) zrdlbD z zf-dIbD zvpcj¶bD. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfmfsj [mf jv, lqf jv, (zfmfv iasqfub dmefW, zfmfsj …]yc jv), iK slJfW, dbvfiÙf lfW ˆhQ uDdhjf lfb jv. (zflf} 850, dk} 284, ƒmf} 898bQ, rf}) sjfb sjfb hBGbfq …ÙÁ�lczfv wcv¢sk `zfïfù©mf'v idvhskG `vfdê' hAhrfv rsqsY. (ƒmf} 898 bQ)

2. �1 ��،�1��B�א_: �� B�� (vfdêodIvtD, vfdêodIvtD)�א_:

zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfmfv iaHc! zfmfsj [mf jv, sr zfmfv iaHc! zfmfsj [mf jv. (zflf} 874, ƒmf} 897bQ) …ÙÁ�lczf dkdb kfrfÏcslv bfmfsp iVskb. zhwA Ivp bfmfspW iVf yst. jfvB, ifKGsjAv sjfb ltDt sbƒ. (dnnfb} 153ix}) iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆƒ ShEsj zfÌct�ƒwfvf jvfv rflDn nrDr bq. (mck¶fnf} 82ix})

dddäääkkkDDDqqq dddnnnuuulllfffrrr zk}iv `zfïfù zfjhfv' hst kjhDv dlsq dkdb däkDq dnulfr jvskb.�ˆ�dhNsq dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj zfslw dlsqW hstdYstb,�ª---�zk}iv kcdm `zfïfù zfjhfv' htsh. zk}iv ˆmb dnulfr jvsh, pfsk skfmfv nm²À rfsVv sufVÈstf (dbsuv ufqofq) d²¿v rsq pfq.« (zflf} 857 bQ, rf}) ˆƒ kjhDsvv nfsKW dkdb jJsbf jJsbf rfk kctskb. (zfzf}, zflf} 739bQ) ˆƒ dnulfq dkdb kfƒ jvskb, pf iaKm dnulfq jvskb. zk}iv dkdb kjhDv dlsq dnulfr sKsj mfKf kctskb. ˆ hAfifsv dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj zfslw dlsqW hstdYstb, ª--- zk}iv kcdm ˆƒv™i iaskAj v¢jC W dnulfq jvsh. ˆƒv™i jvstƒ skfmfv bfmfp n©iCBG rsh. zbAKf pdl ˆ nshv djYc kcdm jm jv, kfrst snƒ idvmfsB skfmfv bfmfpW zn©iCBG sKsj pfsh.« (zf}, dk} 302, zflf} 856bQ) ˆƒ kjhDsvv nfsKW dkdb jJsbf jJsbf `vIXsq qAflfƒb' jvskb. (zfzf}, zflf} 739bQ)

uuuffftttnnnfff--- ˆ ƒƒƒddd²²²ÀÀ Àvvvfffrrrfffrrr däkDq dnulfr sKsj mfKf kcst bhD mchfwXdwv � icbvfq hfm ifsqv�…iv snfuf rsq hsn spskb.�ˆsk k]fv iaskAj rfV dbu dbu ufqofq dIsv spk. (hc} 677, 823, zflf} 730, 842-844, zf}, dk} bf}, dm} 796 bQ) ˆƒ ShEjsj `uftnf-ˆ ƒd²Àvfrfr' zfvfsmv ShEj htf rq. jfvB, ˆsk iaKm W kxkDq vfjXzfk swN jsv däkDq W ykcKG vfjXzfk wcv¢ jvfv iCshG ˆjec zfvfm sbWqf rq kfƒ.


126

mfstj dhb ùqfƒdvn mrfbhD � sj slsJsYb, dkdb pJb k]fv bfmfspv dhsufV vfjzfsk Kfjskb, kJb snfuf hsn bf pfWqf ipG§À (isvv vfjzfskv ubA) …sE l]fVfskb bf. (‰) zbcv™i slsJsYb zfhC ùmfƒl W zfsvf 10 ub nfrfhf. (ƒo} 305bQ, kfdm} 211-212ix}) zhwA ncâskv ˆƒ ShEjde lcƒ dnulfv mfsUv ShEsjv mk tìf rsh bf. sjht snfuf rWqfv mk rfîf ˆjec hnsk rsh. ksh ˆsk iEbDq sjfb dpjXv hf lczf sbƒ.

dddäääkkkDDDqqq vvvfffjjjzzzfffkkk zk}iv bhD mchfwXdwv � mfdev …iv (lcƒ rfskv sysefsk) Hv jsv däkDq vfjzfskv ubA�…sE JfVf rskb. (wfsIqD, hc} 824bQ) ˆ[sB dkdb rfk lc'desj JmDv nfbfv mk mfdesk vfJskb. (zfhC ƒnrfj rfvhD, hf}, kfdm} 196ix}) zfvpfj dhb jƒn hstb, zfdm slsJdY, ƒhsb …mfv bfmfsp pJb (ivhkGD vfjzfskv) ubA …Eskb, kJb mfdev …iv (rfskv) Hv dlsq …Eskb. (k¶fhf} zf…nfk¶, kfdm} 201ix}) ƒmfm ƒnrfj dhb vfùqfƒr hstb, `bhD � rsk ˆƒ ncâfr iaydtk rsq zfnsY sp, hxÝ,�pchj iaskAsjƒ bfmfspv msLA WEfv nmq lcƒ rfskv …iv Hv jsv …Esh. (ƒo} 2/82-83, dnnfb} 155ix}) i[f§Àsv p]fvf Wqfƒt dhb ùuXsvv rfskv iCshG r]fec vfJfv rflDnsjW rfnfb msb jsvb k]fvf hstb, bfmfpDv ubA zfnfb rst †v¢v …iv rfk svsJ …sE l]fVfsh. bsy{ jó�rst mfdev�…iv rfk svsJ�…Esh.�(…Üfr 96ix}, ƒhsb hfp, mfvfnf} 127ix}, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb, dvnftfkcb ID dnIfdk n¶ftfdkâfhD � 11ix}, mcm} 3/190-191) däkDq vfjzfskv ubA�…sE mrfbhD � yci bf sKsj (dhndmïfdrv vfrmfdbv vfrDm hst) nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jvskb. (mc} 599 bQ, zfzf}) wcv¢sk `zf†pc dhïfr---'W iVf pfq. bf iVstW LkGhA bq. (mcm} 3/196) nCvf Ifdkrf iaskAj vfjzfsk ifE jvf Wqfsuh. jfvB, dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf Ifdkrf iVsk zfslw jvfv iv hstdYstb, ª--- zk}iv ˆƒv™i kcdm iaskAj vfjzfsk hf skfmfv iCBG bfmfsp jv.« (hc}, mc}, zf}, zflf}) k]fv zbAfbA jmGW iaKm vfjzfskv zbcv™i rk. ksh iaKm vfjzfskv kctbfq däkDq vfjzfkde nQs[i W sYfe rk. (hc}, mc}, dm} 828bQ)

kkkfffwwwfffrrrXX Xùùùssslllvvv SSShhhEEEjjj däkDq vfjzfskv njt jmG (swN dnulfr) swN jsv mrfbhD � lcƒ dnulfv mfsUv ShEsjv mk hfm if dhdYsq kfv …iv hsn spskb ˆhQ Ffb ifsqv ifkfsj JfVf jsv vfJskb. (hc}, zflf} 731bQ)


127

kfwfrXùslv ubA hnsk zfslw dlsq bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj dkdb hstsYb, ª--- zk}iv kcdm pJb bfmfspv mfsU hnsh, kJb d²¿v rsh�ˆhQ hfm�†v¢sj dhdYsq dlsq kfwfrXùl iVsh.« (zflf} 860 bQ, hf}) zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, zfmfv slf²ÀX � zfmfsj jcjcsvv mk (lcƒ ifsqv vtfsj JfVf svsJ, lcƒ ifYfv …iv Hv jsv W rfk lc'desj mfdesk svsJ) hnsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (zf} 2/265, k¶fqfdtnD, ƒzfwf}) …ÙÁ�iajfv hnfsj dkdb wqkfsbv ShEj hst zdHdrk jsvsYb. (mc} 498bQ, zfzf}) kfwfrXùsl hsn dkdb Ffb rfskv sysefsj Ffb †v¢ (ufQ) hf r]fecv …iv vfJskb, zfv hfm rfskv sysefsj vfJskb hfm ufQ hf r]fecv …iv dhdYsq. (mc} 580bQ, zfzf}) Ffb rfskv jbcƒ-ˆv swN iaf§À Ffb ufQ-ˆv …iv vfJskb. (zflf} 957bQ, bf}) zKGf{ jbcƒsj ifsqv vtfv …iv bf svsJ †v¢v …iv i]fusv tfdosq vfJskb. ˆj hAdÙÁ�bfmfsp hfm rfskv�…iv mfdesk sEn dlsq hnst dkdb k]fsj hfvB jsv hstdYstb, ªˆv™i rt ƒqfùlDslv bfmfp.« (hf}, rf}, ƒo} 380bQ) ªˆv™i hsnf bf. jfvB, ˆef skf kfslv ShEj, pfslvsj zfpfh slWqf rsh.« (zf}, zflf}, ƒo} 380bQ) ªˆef rt kfslv ShEj, pfslv iadk zfïfr sÛÁfLfd¦hk.« (zflf} 993 bQ, zfvf})

kkkfffwwwfffrrrXX Xùùùssslllvvv SSShhhEEEsssjjj kkkuuuGG GbbbDDDvvv ƒƒƒwwwfffvvvfff dkdb hfm rfskv sysefsj hfm r]fecv …iv dhdYsq dlskb. jJsbf hfm rf]ecsj hfm rfskv stfjmf hf oafn hfbfskb. Ffb rfskv (kuGbD YfVf) nm²À zfÌctÈstfsj há�jsv dbskb. zfv kuGbD (wfrflskv) zfÌct�äfvf sjhtfv dlsj ƒwfvf jvskb ˆhQ kfv …isvƒ dbu lxdó�dbhÝ�vfJskb. (mc} 579, 580bQ, zfzf}, ƒJc}) jJsbf hf ƒwfvfv nmq dkdb k]fv hcsVf zfÌctsj mfsUv zfÌcstv�…iv vfJskb. (mc} 579bQ, zfzf}) zfv …ÙÁ�…Hq zfÌctsj dmdtsq soft hftfv mk softfjfv jsv vfJskb. (zflf} 957bQ, bf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr} iaHxdk) jJsbf hf (zfvhDq) zfÌct oBbfv drnfshv 53 sofbfv mk jsv vfJskb. zKGf{, jdbôf, zbfdmjf W mLAmfsj sysefv nfsK tfdosq kuGbDsj tìf sYsV�ˆhQ hxÝfv mfKfsj kuGbDv sofVfsk tfdosq vfJskb. (mc} 580, dm} 906bQ) dkdb kuGbDsj kcst drdtsq drdtsq ˆv mfLAsm lczf jvskb. (nbf} 856, 1203 bQ, lf}, zf} 4/318, 5/72) nckvfQ lczf swN bf jvf (nftfm dIvfv iChG) ipG§À kuGbD drtfsbf ncâk. spsrkc lczf nftfm dIvfv iCshGƒ swN rsq Kfsj. (dnnfb} 158-159 ix}) dkdb htskb, ªzhwAƒ ‰ kuGbD wqkfsbv is[ stfrf zsi[f zdLj jólfqj (sJ]fyfv là). (zf} 2/119, hfppfv, mfj¶dlnD, hf}, iamcJ) ƒhsb …mfv hstb, `‰ zfÌctde wqkfsbv ubA zfOfk-là. sp ˆƒHfsh ƒwfvf jsv, sn (bfmfsp) …lfnDb rq bf.'


128

ùmfƒlD hstb, mcndtm dhb zfhD mfvqAfsmv dbje ˆj hAdÙÁ�hBGbf jsvsY sp, sn wfsmv�ˆj douGfq bfmfpvk zh²¿fq djYc bhDv Ydh slsJsY; k]fslv kuGbD zfÌctde�‰v™i ƒwfvf jvf zh²¿fq dYt. (mcnbfsl�ùmfƒlD, zfhC qAf'tf, dnnfb} 158ix}) dkdb kuGbD äfvf�ˆƒ ƒwfvf W rvjk iaskAj kfwfrXùsl jvskb. ksh dEj sjfbX nmsq rvjk jvskb hf drtfskb, sn dhNsq sjfb hBGbf sbƒ. nckvfQ spJfsbƒ lczf (iafKGbfv) zKG ifWqf pfsh snJfsbƒ kuGbD drtfsbf ncâk. (mcm} 3/202) zfv lczfv zKG bf KfjstW ˆjefbf ÛÁmfok drdtsq pfWqf dhsLq bq. kuGbDv ˆjde mfÛ�zfÌct drdtsqƒ lczf jvf dhsLq. mrfbhD � ˆj hAdÙÁsj slJstb, sn lcƒ zfÌct drdtsq lczf jvsY. dkdb kfsj htstb, ªˆjde zfÌct drtfW,�ˆjde zfÌct drtfW.«�zfv�ˆƒ nsÌ�dkdb kuGbDv iadk�ƒdÌk jvstb. (ƒzfwf}, bf}, dk}, hf}, rf}, dm}

913bQ)

kkkfffwwwfffrrrXX Xùùùssslllvvv ÈÈÈvvv¢¢¢kkk ¶¶ ¶ bhD mchfwXdwv � iaskAj lcƒ vfjzfsk `kfdrqAfr' (kfwfrùl) ifE jvskb. (mc} 498, zfzf}) ShEsjv wcv¢skƒ dkdb htskb, ªzfkX kfdrqAf-kc dtïf-dr---.« (hf}, dnnfb} 160ix}) lcƒ vfjzfk isV `kfwfrXùl' ifE jvsk Hcst sost dkdb kfv ubA Hcstv dnulfr jvskb. (hc}, mc}, ƒo} 338 bQ) dkdb kfwfrXùl iVsk zfslwW jvskb. htskb, ªpJb skfmvf iaskAj lcƒ vfjzfsk hnsh kJb `zfkX kfdrqAfkc---' ht. zk}iv skfmfslv iaskAsjv iY¦lmk lczf shsY dbsq zfïfr zfppf zufïfv dbje iafKGbf jvf …dyk.« (nbf} 1114 bQ, zf}, k¶fhf} jfhDv) ˆƒ kfwfrXùl iVsk dkdb bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsjW zfslw jsvdYstb. kfYfVf dkdb nfrfhfoBsj `kfwfrXùl' dwJfskb, spmb jcvzfsbv nCvf dw[f dlskb. (hc}, mc} 403bQ) kfwfrXùl db}wsè iVf ncâk. (zflf}, rf}, dm} 918bQ)

kkkfffwwwfffrrrXX Xùùùssslllvvv lllcc czzzfff 1. dkdb nfrfhfoBsj sp kfwfrXùl dwdJsqdYstb kf jsqj iajfsvv. kfv msLA nhsysq shwD iadnÝ�ƒhsb mfn†l W ƒhsb ƒmfv ˆv kfwfrXùl}-

�D�&�'�$م��"�L א�،�J��&Nj و�א�Jא�+�'�5و�א <�J��&��"�م�$�'�&��9א� 4L א�،��=��.�� f1و��#�Ewא5و��f>��א 9��E �+�[و��S��$א��#��C��NאE5و��h>��ن�?�� ?��&�/�،��h>��ن�� .و�$�';$��دא5א <

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfkX-kfdrqAf-kc dtïf-dr zn¶n¶ftf-Wqf-kc zk¶k¶fƒdqAhf-kc, zfnnftf-mc zftfƒjf zfƒqcArfb bfdhqcA zvfrmfkcïf-dr zhfvfjf-kcr, zfnnftf-mc zftfƒbf z


129

zftf ƒhf-dlïf-drn¶ n¶f-dtrDb, zfwrflc zft tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù z zfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflfb zfhlcù zvfnCtcr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- smZdJj, wfvDdvj W zfdKGj pfhkDq ƒhflk zfïfrv dbdmsÙ. sr bhD! zfibfv …iv nftfm, zfïfrv vrmk W kf]v hjGk hNGB srfj. zfmfslv …iv ˆhQ zfïfrv sbj hf¦lfosBv …iv nftfm hNGB srfj. zfdm nfd[ dld¤Y sp, zfïfr hAkDk sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ ˆhQ zfsvf nfd[ dld¤Y sp, mcrf©mfl (�) k]fv lfn W siadvk vnCt. bfmfpD pJb `zfnXnftf-mc zftfƒbf zzftf ƒhf-dlïf-drn n¶f-dtrDb' hst, kJb zfjfw W ixdKhDv njt sbj hf¦lfv dbje ‰ nftfm si]ZsY Kfsj. ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, bhD � ˆv uDhÜwfq zfmvf�ˆv™i htkfm. zk}iv k]fv ƒs§Àjft rst zfmvf htsk tfotfm, `zfnnftf-mc zftfb bfdhdqA---.' (hc}, mc}, ƒzfwf}, zfhC qAf'tf, dnvfu, ƒo} 321, dm} 909bQ) 2. ƒhsb zfêfn ˆv kfwfrXùl}-

5�J��&Nj א�Jא�+�'��Jא #��.��Jא <&�� ....א� 4

zfkX kfdrqAf-kct mchf-vfjf-kcn n¶ftfWqf-kck k¶fƒdqhf-kc dtïf-dr---. (hfjD iaKsmfÙÁ�kfwfrXùslv zbcv™i.) (mc} 403, zfzf}, wfsIqD, bf}, dm} 910 bQ) zhwA sjfb sjfb hBGbfq däkDq wfrflsk sjht `zzfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflcv vfnCtcïfr' …sïdJk rsqsY. (dm} 910bQ) 3. zfhC mCnf zfwzfvD ˆv kfwfrXùl}-

��Jא �J��&Njא <�'�+�א&�� .....�J5א� 4

`zfkX kfdrqAf-kck k¶fƒdqhf-kcn n¶ftfWqf-kc dtïf-dr--.' hfjD iaKsmfÙÁ�kfwfrXùslv mkƒ. zhwA sjfb sjfb hBGbfq `zfwrflc zft tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù'v iv `zrlfù tf wfvDjf tfù' hfjA hfVdk zfsY. (mc} 404bQ, zfzf}, zflf}, ƒmf}) 4. …mfv dhb JfÙfh��ˆv kfwfrXùl. dkdb dmìsvv�…iv stfjslvsj�ˆƒ kfwfrXùl dw[f dlskb}-

�D�&�'�$م��"�L א�،5�J��&Nj א5�J��&�א.Q א5�J��&�� ....א� 4

zfkX kfdrqAfkc dtïf-drp pf-djqf-kc dtïf-drk k¶fƒdqhf-kc dtïf-r, zfnXnftf-mc zftfƒjf---. hfjD iaKsmfÙÁ�kfwfrXùslv mk. (mf} 300bQ, hf} 2/142) 5. zfsqwf ��2�4א��en�ˆv kfwfrXùl}-

�1��"�م�$�'�;א 9L א�،5�J��&�א.Q א�Jא�+�'��Jא �J��&Njא <&�� .....א� 4

`zfkX kfdrqAf-kck k¶fƒdqhf-kcn n¶ftfWqf-kcp pf-djqf-kc dtïf-r, zfnXnftf-mc zftfâfdhdqA---.'


130

hfjD iaKsmfÙÁ�kfwfrXùslv mk. (ƒzfwf}, dnvfu, hf} 2/144)

lllvvv ™™™lll kfwfrXùslv iv bhD mchfwXdwv � dbsuv …iv lv™l ifE jvskb. (zf} 5/374, k¶frf}) zfv …©mskv ubAW k]fv …isvv nftfsmv iv lv™l iVfsj dhdLhÝ�jsvssYb. mrfb zfïfrv nfLfvB zfslw vsqsY, ª--- sr „mfblfvoB! skfmvfW bhDv …iv lv™l ifE jv ˆhQ …Ùmv™si nftfm siw jv.« (jc} 33/56) zfv mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfmfv�…iv�ˆjhfv lv™l ifE jvsh, zfïfr kfv …iv 10 hfv vrmk hNGB jvshb.« (mc}, dm} 921 bQ) zbA ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, ª---ˆhQ kfv 10de ifi smfyb rsh W sn 10de mpGflfq …âDk rsh.« (bf}, rf} 1/550, dm} 922bQ) nfrfhfoB k]fsj htstb, `zfmvf zfibfv …iv lv™l djHfsh ifE jvh?' kJb dkdb k]fslvsj lv™l dw[f dlstb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 919-920bQ) lv™slv wèdhbAfn jsqj iajfv}- 1111.... ;'�$��rو#��C;'�$�%�!�@�<W' א�b��&#��D�3�?�@�&Mא�� &�@�و�$�';Rل�?�Mא�� ?;'�$�l�&N'�!��#�.r��#��Cل�R�D�3�?�@�&Mא�� &�@�و�$�';Rل�?�Mא�� ?;'�$�l.�� #�.r��#��Cل�R;'�$��rو#��C;'�$�� @�<W' א�،��&n�C

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…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfdl]… zzftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, jfmf n¶fïfƒkf zftf ƒhvf-rDmf z zftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDm, ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl. zfïf-ù©mf hf-dvj zftf mcrf©mfdl]… z zftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, jfmf hf-vfjkf zftf ƒhvf-rDmf z zftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDm, ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- sr zfïfr! kcdm rpvk mcrf©ml W kf]v hQwLsvv …iv vrmk hNGB jv, spmb kcdm rpvk ƒhvfrDm W k]fv hQwLsvv …iv vrmk hNGB jsvY. dbÇyq kcdm iawQdnk soZvhfdb¶k. sr zfïfr! kcdm rpvk mcrf©ml W k]fv hQwLsvv …iv hjGk hNGB jv, spmb kcdm rpvk ƒhvfrDm W k]fv hQwLsvv …iv hjGk hNGB jsvY. dbÇyq kcdm iawQdnk soZvhfdb¶k. (hc}, dm} 919bQ)

2222. . . . r��#��C;'�$�� &�@�،و�Mא�� .�#��!�'�l�&NKH'�$ل�?��4�و�ذ��rو�$�';��ز�و�א,#��C;'�$�%�!�@�<W' א�و�ذ��&��bو�$�';��ز�و�א,n�Cb��&#��D�3�?،�@�&Mא�� .�l;'�$Rل�?��#�.�4��.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïfù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfdl]… z zftf zfpWqf-durD z pcdvGqAfdkrD jfmf n¶fïfƒkf zftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDm, z hf-dvj zftf mcrf©mfdl]… zzftf zfpWqf-


131

durD z pcdvGqAfdkrD jfmf hf-vfjkf zftf zf-dt ƒhvfrDm, ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- sr zfïfr! kcdm rpvk mcrf©mfl, k]fv ik´DoB W k]fv hQwLsvv …iv vrmk hNGB jv spmb kcdm rpvk ƒhvfrDsmv hQwLsvv …iv vrmk hNGB jsvY. ˆhQ kcdm rpvk mcrf©mfl, k]fv ikDoB W kf]v hQwLsvv …iv hjGk hNGB jv spmb kcdm rpvk ƒhvfrDsmv hQwLsvv …iv hjGk hNGB jsvY. dbÇyq kcdm iawQdnk soZvhfdb¶k. (hc}, mc}, dm} 920bQ)

.��2�#�l�&N'2�!;2�'�$Rل� ....3333�24�و�ذ��2و�$�'�2;��ز�و�א,�24�&� �%�M��;�'�$��rو#��C;�'�$�%�!�@�<N' א��4�و�ذ��و�$�'�;��ز�و�א,�4�&� �%�M��;�'�$و�r��#��C;�'�$�� &��b،و�n�Cb��&#��D�3�?،�@�&Mא�� ?

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…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfdl]… zzftf zfrdt hfƒdkdr zzftf zfpWqf-dudr zpcdvGqAfdkdr jfmf n¶fïfƒkf zftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDm, ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl. zhf-dvj zftf mcrf©mfdl]… zzftf zfrdt hfƒdkdr zzftf zfpWqf-dudr zpcdvGqAfdkdr jfmf hfvfjkf zftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDm, ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl. (zf} 5/374, k¶frf}) ˆƒ lv™slv zKG iafq iCshGjfv lv™slv mkƒ. 4444.... 2� &�@�و�Rل�?�M��2א� �?;2�'�$�l�&N'2�!�2�#�.r��#��Cل�R;�'�$��rو#��C;�'�$�%�!�@�<N' א��D2�3�?،�@�&Mא��

b��&n�Cb��&&�@�و�Rل�.��#Mא�� ?;�'�$�l.�� #�.r��#��Cل�R;�'�$��rو#��C;�'�$�� و� b��&n�Cb��&#��D�3�?،�@�&Mא�� ?.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfdl]… zzftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, jfmf n¶fïfƒkf zftf ƒhvf-rDmf zzf-dt ƒhvf-rDm. ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl. zhf-dvj zftf mcrf©mfdl]… zzftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, jfmf hf-vfjkf zftf ƒhvf-rDmf zzf-dt ƒhvf-rDm. ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl. ˆ lv™sl k]fv ikDosBv jKfv …sïJ sbƒ. (zf}, bf}, zfhC qAf'tf)

5555.... �C;�'�$�%�!�@�<N' א�،�@�&Mא�� r��#�.�l�&N'�!;�'�$Rل�?�#��Cل�R;�'�$و�1��CEא�1��rא 9#��،�/�&1א �� #(�@�&Mא�� .�l;�'�$Rل�?��#�.r��#��Cل�R;�'�$و�1��CEא�1��rא 9#��C;�'�$�� و�

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… … … …¤yfvB}¤yfvB}¤yfvB}¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfdldbb bfdhdqAt …d©mdqA zzftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, jfmf n¶fïfƒkf zftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDm. zhf-dvj zftf mcrf©mfdldbb bfdhdqAt …d©mdqA zzftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, jfmf hf-vfjkf zftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDmf dIt zf'-tfmDb. ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl.


132

…ÙÁ�lv™sl mcrf©mfl � ˆv ÈB hdBGk rsqsY sp, dkdb dbv[v bhD. ��و��]�+� �D��#�.�l�&N'�!;�'�$Rل� ....6666��$r��#��C;�'�$�%�!�@�<N' א�;�'�$�� &�@�،و�Mא�� ?r��#��C

�@�&Mא�� ?;�'�$�l.�� #�.r��#��Cل�R;�'�$و��D��و��]�+� ��$�@�&Mא�� .و�$�'�;Rل�?�

…¤yfvB}- zfïf-ù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfdlb zfhdljf zvfnCdtj, jfmf n¶fïfƒkf zftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDm. zhf-dvj zftf mcrf©mfdlb zfhdljf zvfnCdtjf zzftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, jfmf hf-vfjkf zftf ƒhvf-rDmf zzftf zf-dt ƒhvf-rDm. (hc}, bf}, k¶frf}, zf}, dnnfb} 166ix}) …ÙÁ�lv™sl k]fv ÈBöv™i `skfmfv (zfïfrv) lfn W vnCt' wè hAhr™k rsqsY.

7777.... ��#�.،r��#��Cل�R;�'�$��rو#��C;�'�$�� r،و�#��Cل�R;�'�$و�r��#��C;�'�$�%�!�@�<N' א�&�@�و�Rل�Mא�� ?;�'�$�l.�� &��l�&N'�!bو�n�Cb��&#��D�3�?،�@�&Mא�� ?.

…¤yfvB}- zfïf-ù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfl zzftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, zhf-dvj zftf mcrf©mfl zzftf zf-dt mcrf©mfl, jfmf n¶fïfƒkf zhf-vfjkf zftf ƒhvf-rDmf zzf-dt ƒhvf-rDm. ƒâfjf rfmDlcm mfuDl. (bf}, k¶frf}, iamcJ, lv™slv …ÙÁ�wèdhbAfnÈdt `dnnfb}' rsk oxrDk.) t[BDq sp, …ÙÁ�wèdhbAfsnv sjfb ²¿fsbƒ `nfƒdqdlbf, mfWtfbf, wfIDƒbf' hf `rfhDdhbf' ƒkAfdl wsèv …sïJ sbƒ. dkdb zfmfslv `nfƒdqdlbf, mfWtfbf, wfIDƒbf' W `rfhDdhbf' rWqf nsÙ¶W�‰�swaBDv wè lv™sl nQspfub jvf dhlzfk.

lllcc czzzfff mmmfffnnnCC Cvvvfffvvv iiiCC CssshhhGG G lllvvv ™™™ssslllvvv ÈÈÈvvv ¢¢¢kkk ¶¶ ¶ mrfbhD � ˆj hAdÙÁsj kfv bfmfsp lczf jvsk wcbstb, stfjde mrfb zfïfrv soZvh hBGbf jvt bf, zfv k]fv bhDv …iv lv™lW iVt bf. dkdb htstb, ªˆ skf kfVfkfdV jvt.« zk}iv kfsj sFsj njstv …sÜswA htstb,�ªpJb skfmfslv msLA sj… bfmfp iVsh, kJb sn spb kfv iadkiftsjv iawQnf hBGbfv mfLAsm zfv©H jsv. zk}iv bhD � ˆv …iv lv™l ifE jsv. kfviv iY¦l hf ƒ¤Yfmk lczf jsv.« (zf}, zflf} 1481 bQ, bf}, ƒJc}, rf}, dm} 930 bQ) dkdb zbA ˆj hAdÙÁsj slJstb, sn bfmfsp zfïfrv iawQnf jvt ˆhQ bhD � ˆv …iv lv™l ifE jvt. dkdb kfv …sÜswA htstb,�ªWsr bfmfpD!�ˆhfv lczf jv. jhct rsh.« (‰) ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, ˆjlf zfdm bfmfp iVdYtfm. ifsw zfhC hjv W …mfv nr bhD � hsndYstb. zk}iv pJb zfdm (kfwfrXùsl) hntfm, kJb zfïfrv iawQnf wcv¢ jvtfm, zk}iv bhD � ˆv …iv lv™l ifE jvtfm, kfviv dbsuv ubA lczf jvtfm. ˆ wcsb bhD � htstb, ªyfW, skfmfsj lfb jvf rsh. yfW, skfmfsj lfb jvf rsh.« (dk} 598, dm} 931 bQ)


133

zfv ˆ ubAƒ dkdb hstsYb, ªIvp bfmfspv iÇyfsk lczf zdLjv™si swfbf (jhct jvf) rq.« (dk} 3746, dm} 968bQ) htf hfùtA ˆefƒ rt zfïfrv nfsK iajxk mcbfufskv nmq. jfvB ªbfmfpD mfÛƒ bfmfsp zfïfrv nfsK mcbfufk jsv.« (mf}, zf} 2/36, 4/344)

WWWqqqfffsssuuuhhh lllcc czzzfffsssqqq mmmfffnnnCC Cvvvfffrrr bhD mchfwXdwv � hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv msLA sj… (swN) kfwfrXùl n©iâ jvsh, kJb sn spb zfïfrv dbje yfvde dudbn sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jsv. ˆviv sn ƒ¤Yfmk lczf jvsh.« lczfde dbmv™i}- ��ل�,�&~�א �L�# אw�9�4(�/C�D א *��و��$�+�ذ�B�6�$א�/C�D 9�@�و��$�+�ذ��<�,B�6�$א�/C�D �?�3��1��$�+�ذ�@�<W' א�

א #�w�9�4א #��&��و�)w�9�4(�/C�D و��$�+�ذ�J��#. …¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zf†pc dhjf dmb zfpf-dh ufrfâfm, z zf†pc dhjf dmb zfpf-dht j¶fhXv, z zf†pc dhjf dmb dIkbfdkt mfnDdrlX lfÏf-t, z zf†pc dhjf dmb dIkbfdkt mfrqAf z dIkbfdkt mfmf-k. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm ufrfâfm W jhsvv zfpfh sKsj, jfbf lfÏft, uDhb W mxkcAv dIkbf sKsj skfmfv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. (mc}, zfzf} 2/235, zflf} 983, bf} 1309, ƒmf} 909, lf}, ƒhbct ufv™l 110, dnvfu, zf} 2/237, 447, hf} 2/154, dm} 940 bQ) dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf jhsvv zfpfh sKsj zfïfrv dbje ifbfr yfW, ufrfâfsmv zfpfh sKsj zfïfrv dbje ifbfr yfW, mfnDr lfÏfstv dIkbf sKsj zfïfrv dbje ifbfr yfW ˆhQ uDhb W mxkcAv dIkbf sKsj zfïfrv dbje ifbfr yfW.« (mc} 588 bf}) nckvfQ bfmfspv swN kfwfrXùsl lv™slv iv zbAfbA lczfv iCshG …ÙÁ�yfv iajfv zfpfh W dIkbf sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jvf Wqfsuh. ˆƒ lczf dkdb dbsuW kfwfrXùsl ifE jvskb. (hc}, mc}, zflf} 880, 984, zf}, dm} 939 bQ) iv§Â�nfrfhfoBsj jcvzfsbv nCvf dwJfsbfv mk�…ÙÁ�lczfW dw[f dlskb. (mc}, zfzf}, dm} 941 bQ) ˆ nh djYc …ÙÁ�lczfv iadk dhswN�Èv¢k¶ zfsvfi jsv.

lllcc czzzfff--- ˆ mmmfffnnnCC Cvvvfffrrr bhD mchfwXdwv � bfmfsp hù iajfv lczf (iafKGbf) jvskb. ˆj ˆj nmsq ˆj ˆj iajfv lczf dkdb ifE jsv zfïfrv dbje iafKGbf jvskb. nfrfhfoBsj `kfdrqAfk' dwJfsbfv iv hstdYstb, ªˆviv skfmfslv msLA pfv pf ƒ¤Yf W iY¦l snƒ lczf shsY dbsq lczf jvf …dyk.« (hc} 835, mc}, dm} 909bQ) zhwA snƒ lczf zsi[f zfv sjfbX


134

lczf zdLjkv iY¦lbDq rsk ifsv, pf dkdb dbsu isVsYb hf zivsj dwdJsqsYb? k]fv ‰ njt lczfsj `lczfsq mfnCvfr' htf rq, pf dbm´v™i}-

/�א #��kم� .1Cو�א #��@��/C�D �?�3��1��$�+�ذ�@g<W' א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zf†pc dhjf dmbft mf'nfdm z dmbft mfovfm. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfv dbje ifi W ‡B rsk ifbfr yfd¤Y. (hc}, mc}, iaHxdk, dm} 939bQ)

2. �%�#�$��@� ��C��h�/Cو��l'#�$��C��h�/C�D �?�3��1��$�+�ذ�@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zf†pc dhjf dmb wfdvG mf zfdmtkc z dmb wfdvG mf tfm zf'mft. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje zfmfv jxk (ifsiv) zdbó rsk ˆhQ zjxk (icsBAv) m¦l sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. (bf} 1306)

3. �&L�� L��19��[��@�<W' אא��.

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïf-ù©mf rf-dnhbD drnf-hf]ƒ qAfnDvf. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfv nru drnfh oarB jsvf. (zf} 6/48, rf})

4. �19N(�+�=و��1c א��&�O��&�� א�l�#'�$��C�19&��،�e'�] א;�'�$�D=��EAو��&�k א�D#'� �@�<W' א�l�3��.ذ�א�?�e�� א�w�#'�.�DE ��[��و�،و�א ��>��د��&�k א1(�D�4�&��O�DE ��[��و��@�<W' א��1،c א��&�OE��(�+ א

،��&��N��#�&��3�DE ��[��و�9;،k و�אא :�*��1و�א ��a;،و��]�� DEא *�<��)��V�k א1و�א ��ل�) ��د�א ��&�� و��]��DE ��[و��،)��V�* א�� ;a�� א�DE ��[��و�،�Uj�*�9�=��N=��9:��و�/�&�$��EA�DE ��

��r،و��V�C�)R��a��&�_�1(،�Dp��*��?��و�,�>��D،و�א ��+�ق�?�� 6��א 9� �DE ��[و��،J�+�# אrw�9�4(�/��4�<�C�א��M��9'��,و�אن��#��uאw�9��Q ��ز��9@�<W' א�،rwN'V�C.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf dhƒtdmjft ofƒhf zj¶clvfdkjf zftft Jftj¶, zfrdqbD mf zfdtmkft rfqAfkf Jfƒvft tD, zkfWqfIXIfbD ƒpf jf-bfdkt zIf-kc Jfƒvft tD. zfïf-ù©mf z zfnzftcjf JfwqAfkfjf dIt ofƒdh zwXwfrf-lfr. z zfnzftcjf jfdtmfkft rfdÄ¶ ztzfldt dIt ofp¶fdh zvdvp¶f. z zfnzftcjft j¶fnlf dIt Ifj¶dv ztdobf. z zfnzftcjf bf„mft tf qAfhDl. z zfnzftcjf j¶cvGfkf zfƒdbt tf kfbIflc ztf kfbj¶fdk'. z zfnzftcjfv dvp¶f hf'lft j¶fp¶f-ƒ, z zfnzftcjf hfvlft zfƒdw hf'lft mf…k. z zfnzftcjf tfpXpfkfb bfpfdv ƒtf zudrj, zwXwfWj¶f ƒtf dtj¶f-ƒj, ID ofƒdv pfvGf-zf mcdpvGfr, ztf dIkbfdkm mcdp¶ïfr. zfïf-ù©mf pfƒdqâf dhpDbfdkt „mfb, zuXzftbf ùlf-kfm mcrkflDb. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! skfmfv zlxswAv Îfsb ˆhQ nxdóv …iv wdÙÁsk zfmfsj uDdhk vfJ pk[B uDhbsj zfmfv ubA jtAfBjv ufb ˆhQ zfmfsj mxkcA lfW pdl mxkcA zfmfv


135

ubA jtAfBjv rq. sr zfïfr zfv zfdm sofisb W iajfswA skfmfv HDdk yfƒ, sÛÁfL W n§Âdósk nkA W bAfpA jKf yfƒ, lfdvla W LbhÙfq mLAhdkGkf yfƒ, snƒ n©il yfƒ pf dhbfw rq bf. snƒ y[cwDktkf yfƒ pf db}swN W dhd¤Yâ rq bf. HfoA-mDmfQnfv isv n§Âdó yfƒ, mxkcAv isv uDhsbv wDktkf yfƒ, skfmfv syrfvfv iadk lwGsbv n¶fl yfƒ, skfmfv nf[fskv iadk zfjf£Jf yfƒ, dhbf sjfb jó W [dksk, sjfb ëójfvD dIkbfq. sr zfïfr! zfmfslvsj „mfsbv snZ¦lspG nc¦lv jv ˆhQ zfmfslvsj srlfqfkjfvD W srlfqfkiafå jv. (bfnf„1308, zfrmfl4/ 364)

5. �/�C��:�k�C�1 ��:_��(�l�3��N��?�B�+�3f6 א��:�k��&��אوx�.�#'E��1L:�3�l�#�'��1&�3�?�@�<W' א��D�3�?�1��9��و�א��9�#$�@�&��.��l�3א E:�k+��א �

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD pftfmkc bfInD pctmfb jfnDvf]… ztf qAfoXdIv¢p pcbChf ƒïf zf§Àf IfoXdIvtD mfodIvfkfm dmb ƒd¦ljf zvrfmbD ƒâfjf zf§Àft ofICv¢v vfrDm. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfdm dbsuv …iv zsbj zkAfyfv jsvdY ˆhQ kcdm dHâ zbA sjr sofbfrnmCr mfI jvsk ifsv bf. zkˆh skfmfv kvI sKsj zfmfsj [mf jsv lfW ˆhQ zfmfv …iv lqf jv. dbÇyq kcdm mrf [mfwDt hV lqfhfb. (hcJfvD, mcndtm)

�9��و��C �@��$�'�@�،و� .6C�l�#'�$��C�',Rو��',��$�c'E.��&�] א�/C�DE ��[��1�3�?�@�<W' א��/C�D ��$�+�ذ�/��A+�ل��و�$�#�%،C��<�&� �?�B��A��Cو��w�9�n א�DE ��[و��،�@�'�$��@� ��Cو��9C�l�#'�$��C�',Rو��',��$�c'E.��א �

/��A+�ل��و�$�#�%،و��]�C��<�&� �?�B��A��Cو��/�א 9C�D /�א ��&�]��C�D� ��[$��و��]�+� �DEو��$�+�ذ�C�DE ��&�'�$E5א;N'�!b��#��C�DE �+�[��و�$��9Cא]��4ذ��C��h�/C�D و�]�'N@�و��$�+�ذ��&�'�$E5א;N'�!b��#��C

�C��/C�1 �l�&�V�A��C�DE ��[��و��@N'�[אو��h��1 ��4��A��$�%��n�=ن��.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zfnzftcjf dmbft Jfƒdv jcdïrD zf' dudtrD z zf-dudtrD mf zfdtmkc dmbù zmf tfm zf'tfm. z zf…pc dhjf dmbfw wfdvG jcdïrD zf'-dudtrD z zf-dudtrD mf zfdtmkc dmbù zmf tfm zf'tfm, z zfnzftcjft ufâfkf zmf j¶fvGfhf ƒtfƒrf dmb j¶f…dtb zf… zfmft. z zf†pc dhjf dmbfâf-dv zmf j¶fvGfhf ƒtfƒrf dmb j¶f…dtb zf… zfmft. z zfnzftcjf dmbft Jfƒdv mf nfzftfjf zfhXlcjf z vfnCtcjf mcrf©mflcb nfïfïfù zftfƒdr znfïfm. z zf†pc dhjf dmb wfdvG mfnkfzf-pfjf dmbù zfhXlcjf zvfnCtcjf mcrf©mflcb nfïfïfù zftfƒdr znfïfm. z zfnzftcjf mf j¶fp¶fƒkf tD dmb zfmdvb zfb kfuXzftf zf-dj¶hfkfù tD v¢wXlf. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje zfmfv ufbf W zufbf, zdhtdìk W dhtdìk njt iajfv jtAfB iafKGbf jvdY ˆhQ zfmfv ufbf W zufbf, zdhtdìk W dhtdìk njt iajfv zjtAfB sKsj skfmfv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. skfmfv dbje ufâfk ˆhQ kfv iadk dbjehkGDjfvD jKf W jfu iafKGbf jvdY, ˆhQ ufrfâfm W kfv


136

iadk dbjehkDGjfvD jKf W jfu sKsj skfmfv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. zfdm skfmfv dbje snƒ jtAfB dH[f jvdY pf skfmfv lfn W vnCt mcrf©ml � skfmfv dbje sysqdYstb. zfv snƒ zjtAfB sKsj skfmfv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY pf sKsj skfmfv lfn W vnCt mcrf©ml � skfmfv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jsvsYb. sp dhNq zfmfv …iv mDmfQnf jsvY kfv idvBfm pfsk mÌtmq rq kf zfdm skfmfv dbje jfmbf jvdY. (mc} zfrmfl 6/134, k¶fqfdtnD)

7. ��/�א 9C�D 9��wو��$�+�ذ��n א�DE ��[��1�3�?�@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zfnzftcjft ufâfkf z zf†pc dhjf dmbfâf-v. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje ufâfk yfd¤Y ˆhQ ufrfâfm sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. ( zfhc lf†l, nrDr ƒhsb mfufr 2/328)

9�1�6�$א ��D��+�م�=��$��د�� .8A�@�<W' א�.��

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf dj¶bD zfpf-hfjf ƒqfWmf kfhzfnc ƒhf-lfj. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- sr zfïfr! spdlb kcdm skfmfv hf¦lfslvsj icbv¢dÚk jvsh sndlbjfv zfpfh sKsj zfmfsj v[f jsvf. (mc}, dm} 947bQ)

9. �/E8��@� و�+� ��و� �@��'��@� �y6N א��#�3��Dא +�א��א��א <�� ?��1�3��DE ��[��א5@�<W' א��@�&��?�3��D��l�3א E:�k+��א �1� �� 1ذ��3+�:�k�=ن��b��אg+E:E.��N .

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïfù©mf ƒâD zfnzftcjf ƒqf-ïf-ù dhzfâfjft Wqf-drlct zfrflcn n¶fmflcïfpD tfm ƒqfdtl ztfm ƒ…tfl ztfm ƒqfjcïfù jcIcWqfb zfrfl, zfb kfoXdIvf tD pcbChD, ƒâfjf zf§Àft ofIcv¢v vfrDm. zKG,zKG,zKG,zKG, sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje iafKGbf jvdY, sr ˆj, ˆjj, Hvnf²¿t zfïfr! dpdb ubj bb ufkjW bb ˆhQ p]fv nmj[ sj… sbƒ, kcdm zfmfv sofbfrnmCrsj [mf jsv lfW, dbÇyq kcdm [mfwDt lqfhfb. ˆƒ lczfde ˆj hAdÙÁ�kfwfrXùsl ifE jsvdYt. mrfbhD � kf wcsb htstb, ªWsj [mf jvf rt, Wsj [mf jvf rt.« (zKGf{, zfïfr Wv lczf jhct jsv dbsqsYb.) (zflf} 985bQ, nbf} 1234bQ, zf}, ƒJc}, rf})

و�א��ض� .10Jא�+#�L א�U�� N��l�3א 9�#��ن��?�� ?��ن� ��Dא ��#��، �DE ��[��1�3�?�@�<W' א�، �/�א 9��.��ذ�אא �n"�ل�و�א�u.��אم�،��f1��f&�A+�م�C�D 9��wو��$�+�ذ��n א�DE ��[��1�3�?.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zfnzftcjf dhzfâf tfjft rfmXl, tf ƒtf-rf ƒïf zf§Àft mfâf-bc hflD…n nfmf-Wqf-dk zt zfvp¶X, ƒqf pft uftf-dt zt ƒjvf-m, ƒqAf rfƒqcA ƒqf jfqCAm. ƒâD zfnzftcjft ufâfkf zzf†pc dhjf dmbfâf-v. zKG,zKG,zKG,zKG, sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfv dbje iafKGbf jvdY ˆƒ znDtfq sp, nm²À iawQnf


137

skfmfvƒ, kcdm hAkDk sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ. kcdm ivm zbcoarlfkf, zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDv zfdh®jkGf, sr mdrmfmq ˆhQ mrfbcHh, sr dyvÓDh zdhbw¶v! zfdm skfmfv dbje shsrñX iafKGbf jvdY ˆhQ slfpJ sKsj ifbfr yfd¤Y. ��ˆj hAdÙÁ�kfwfrXùsl ˆƒ lczf ifE jvdYt. kf wcsb bhD � nfrfhfoBsj htstb, ªskfmvf dj ufb, W dj (hfjA) dlsq lczf jvt?« k]fvf htstb, `zfïfr ˆhQ k]fv vnCtƒ ufsbb.' dkdb htstb, ªsnƒ nÙfv jnm! p]fv rfsk zfmfv iafB zfsY. W skf zfïfrv dbje k]fv ƒnsm zf'pm (hxrÙm bfm)�äfvf iafKGbf jsvsY; pf�äfvf lczf jvst dkdb jhct jsvb W pf�äfvf k]fv jfsY yfƒst dkdb dlsq Kfsjb.« (zflf} 1495, bf}, zf}, k¶fhf}, iamcJ)

11. mczfp hstb, ˆjlf zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfv rfk Lsv htstb, ªmczfp! zfdm skfmfsj zhwAƒ Hfstfhfdn.« zfdm httfm, zfdmW zfibfsj Hfstfhfdn, sr zfïfrv vnCt! ˆviv dkdb htstb, ªnckvfQ iaskAj bfmfspv iÇyfsk kcdm�ˆƒ lczf htsk sYsVf bf,

12. �D��د�=$�/�Lو��8�hو��.9��1$�';ذ$��@�<z' א�.

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf zfƒâD zftf dpjXdvjf zwcjdvjf zùndb ƒhf-lfdkj. zKG zKG zKG zKG---- sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfsj skfmfv dpjXv (n¹vB), wcjXv (jxkÎkf) ˆhQ nc¦lv ƒhflk jvsk nfrfpA lfb jv. (zf} 5/244, 245, 247, zflf}, bf}, 1302 bQ)

13. ��?�/��ن��EدC�D /�א ��n/�و��$�+�ذ�C�D /�א ��[�%�و��$�+�ذ�C�D �?�3��1��$�+�ذ�@�<W' א�w�9�4(�/C�D א *��ذ�ل�א ��#��و��$�+�ذ�B�6�$אو��3&��f� א.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zf†pc dhjf dmbft hcJdt z zf…pc dhjf dmbft uchdb z zf…pc dhjf dmb zfb …vfÜf ƒtf zfvpfdtt …mcdv z zf†pc dhjf dmb dIkbfdkÜcbXqAf z zfpf-dht j¶fhXv. zKzKzKzK GG GG---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje jfiGBA W HDv¢kf sKsj ifbfr yfd¤Y, ²¿dhvkfv hqsn jhdtk rWqf sKsj zfdm skfmfv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY zfv lcdbqfv dIkbf W jhsvv zfpfh sKsj skfmfv dbje zfwaq yfd¤Y. (hc}, dm} 964bQ)

14141414.... E:�k א�Bא�+�3��D��l�3א 4�?،��1و�=��$�'�1 ��א_:@�<W' א��+.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mfoXdIv tD zkch zftfƒqAf, ƒâfjf zf§ÀfkX kf…Wqfhct ofICv. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- zfïfr sof! kcdm zfmfsj [mf jv ˆhQ zfmfv kWhf oarB jv. dbÇyq kcdm kWhfoarBjfvD, hV [mfwDt. ˆƒ lczfde dkdb bfmfspv swNfQsw 100 hfv ifE jvskb. (zf} 5/371, ƒzfwf}, dnn} 2603bQ)

א *�� ....15151515Bو��6�$אو�א :�*��:E8 א�/C�D �?�3��1��$�+�ذ�@�<N' א�.

…¤yfvB}- zfïfù©mf ƒâD zf†pc dhjf dmbft jcIdv ztIfj¶dv zzfpf-dht j¶fhXv. zKG}- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje jcIvD, lfdvû W jhsvv zfpfh sKsj


138

ifbfr yfd¤Y. (rf} 1/35, bf}, zf}, kfdm} 233ix})

16. �l�3��Cو��l(��[��Cو��l�9�'�$��Cو��J��[��Cو��J��O��Cو��l�C��A��C�1 ��א_:@�<W' א��l�3��N��?�� ?}��O�q�# א�l�3و��א #�*��م��l�3��،�1�9C� �@�'�$��.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mfodIvtD mf j¶fÜfmkc zmf zfJXJfvkc zmf zfnvfvkc zmf zf'tfbkc zmf zfnvfIkc zmf zf§Àf zf'tfmc dhrD dmâD, zf§Àft mcj¶fdÜmc z zf§Àft mczfJXdJvc tf ƒtf-rf ƒïf zf§ÀX. zKGzKGzKGzKG - sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfsj mfuGbf jv, sp zivfL zfdm iCshG jsvdY ˆhQ pf isv jsvdY, pf sofisb jsvdY ˆhQ pf iajfswA jsvdY, pf zdkdvÙÁ jsvdY ˆhQ pf kcdm zdLj ufb. kcdm zfdl kcdmƒ z§À. kcdm hAkDk sj… nkA …ifnA sbƒ. ˆƒ lczfde nhfv swsN ifE jsv dkdb nftfm dIvskb. (mc} 771bQ)

kkkfffwwwfffrrrXX Xùùùssslllvvv iiivvv bfmfp 2 vfjzfk dhdwó�(spmb Iuv, ucmzfr,�„l iaHxdk) rst lczf mfnCvfv iv nftfm dIvst bfmfp swN rsq pfq. dj§Â�3�hf 4 vfjzfk dhdwó�(mfodvh,�ˆwf, spfrv, zfnv,�ƒkAfdl) rst kfwfrXùl isV kxkDq vfjzfskv ubA …sE spsk rsh. ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, `---zk}iv bfmfspv mfsU rst bhD � kfwfrXùl ifE jsv …sE spskb. bsy{ bfmfspv swsN rst kfwfrXùslv iv pk[B ƒ¤Yf (mfwfzfïfr) lczf iVskb, kfviv nftfm dIvskb.' (zf} 1/459, ƒJc} 708bQ, mfpf} 2/142) iaw WsE, lv™lW dj kfwfrXùslv wfdmt? ƒmfm wfsIqD (v}) ˆv msk kfwfrXùl W lv™l ˆjƒ dudbn. zKGf{, nh kfwfrXùslƒ lv™l iVsk rsh. (djkfhct …©mX 1/102, dnnfb} 170ix}) kfYfVf …isvfÙÁ�rflDsn kfwfrXùl W lczfv jKf zfsY, lv™slv jKf sbƒ. zfv kfv mfsbƒ kfwfrXùsl lv™l zhwAƒ wfdmt zfsY. iv§Â�nfrfhfoB kfwfrXùsl nftfm dwJfv iv mrfbhD � sj htstb, (kfwfrXùsl) sjmb jsv zfmvf zfibfv iadk nftfm siw jvh kf (kfdrqAfk) skf dwJtfm. dj§Â�zfibfv�…iv lv™l djHfsh ifE jvh (kf dwdJsq dlb). kJb dkdb htstb, ªskfmvf ht, zfïf-ù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfdl]…---.« nckvfQ ˆJfsbW ±iók} lv™l kfwfrXùslvƒ wfdmt. kfYfVf ˆJfsb iaKm bf swN kfwfrXùl kf dbdlGó�bq. zkˆh htf pfq sp, iaKm kfwfrXùslW lv™l iVsk rsh. (dnnfb} 164ix}) zhwA mf zfsqwf ��2�4א��en�ˆv�ˆjde rflDsn iaKm kfwfrXùsl ±ió�lv™l iVfv jKf …sïJ vsqsY. dkdb hstb, zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv ubA k]fv dmnWqfj W Wpcv ifdb ia²Âk vfJkfm. zk}iv zfïfrv ƒ¤Yfq dkdb vfsÛv sjfb zQsw suso�…Eskb.


139

kfviv dmnWqfj jsv Wpc jvskb. zk}iv 9 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb. ˆsk dkdb zóm vfjzfk YfVf iCshG zfv sjfKfW (kfwfrXùslv ubA) hnskb bf. nckvfQ (zóm vfjzfsk hsn) zfïfrv dbje lczf jvskb ˆhQ k]fv bhDv …iv lv™l ifE jvskb. zk}iv nftfm bf dIsv dkdb …sE spskb. kfviv bhm vfjzfk isV hnskb. zk}iv k]fv iadkiftsjv iawQnf hBGbf jsv k]fv bhDv …iv lv™l ifE jvskb ˆhQ lczf jvskb. zk}iv zfmfslvsj wcdbsq nftfm dIvskb. (zfzf} 2/324, dHâ wsè Oebfde vsqsY mcndtsm 746 bQ) …ÙÁ�hAfifvde kfrfÏcl hf dhkXv bfmfspv rstW�ˆv zfmt Ivp bfmfspW ytsh. (kfdm} 224-225ix}) ˆ ubAƒ ƒhsb hfp (vfdrmfùïfr)W hstb, bfmfpD iaKm kfwfrXùsl lv™l iVsh. (mfvfnf} 129ix}) zfhfv iaKm kfwfrXùsl lczf jvfv jKfW ˆjfdLj rflDsn …sïJ rsqsY. spmb …isvfÙÁ�rpvk zfsqwf��2�4א��en��ˆv rflDsnW lczfv jKf�±ióHfsh vsqsY.�ˆj rflDsn mrfbhD � hstb,�ªpJb skfmvf iaskAj lc' vfjzfsk hnsh, kJb `zfkX-kfdrqAfkc---' ht. zk}iv skfmfslv iaskAsjv iY¦lmk lczf shsY dbsq zfïfrv dbje lczf jv.« (nbf} 1114 bQ, zf}, k¶fhf}) nckvfQ iaKm kfwfrXùslW lczf jvf dhsLq. (dnnfb} 160ix}) iv§Â�ovm ifKsvv�…iv hsn�ˆk djYc iVf dj n©Hh? jfvB bhD � iaKm ShEj sKsj ˆk kfVfkfdV …Eskb sp, msb rk dkdb spb ovm ifKsvv …iv hsndYstb. dj§Â�ˆ�rflDnde pqDI. (pzflf} 177, pdk} 57, pbf} 55bQ, kfdm} 224ix})

kkkxx xkkkDDDqqq vvvfffjjjzzzfffkkk kfwfrXùl swN jsv dkb hf yfv vfjzfk dhdwó�bfmfspv ubA pJb mrfbhD��…Eskb, kJb `kjhDv' (zfïfù zfjhfv) htskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 799bQ) dkdb WEfv iCshGƒ kjhDv dlskb. (zfhC qAf'tf, dnn} 604bQ) WEfv iv bq. lcƒ rfk äfvf mfdev�…iv Hv jsv (JmDv nfbfv mk�…Hq rfksj mfdesk svsJ)�…sE JfVf rskb. (zfhC�ƒnrfj rfvhD, hf}, kfdm} 196ix}) zfpvfj dhb jfƒn hstb, zfdm ƒhsb …mfv sj slsJdY, dkdb pJb däkDq vfjzfk sKsj (kxkDq vfjzfskv ubA)�…Eskb, kJb k]fv�…Hq rfk�äfvf mfdev�…iv Hv jvskb. isv zfdm k]fv sYst W k]fv nÌDslvsj httfm, `n©Hhk} ˆv™i dkdb k]fv hfLGsjAv jfvsB jsv Kfsjb.' dj§Â�k]fvf htstb, `bf, hvQ�ˆƒv™iƒ rsh.' (zKGf{, ˆƒv™i WEfƒ ncâk.) (hf} 2/135, kfdm} 200ix}) ˆƒ nmq dkdb `vIsq qAflfƒb' jvskb. (hc}, zflf}, dm} 794bQ) JfVf rWqfv iv dkdb däkDq vfjzfskv mk nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jvskb. dj§Â�ˆƒ vfjzfsk zbA nCvf


140

ifE jvskb bf. (hc}, mc}, dm} 828bQ) zhwA jJsbf jJsbf spfrsvv bfmfsp (iafq 15) zfqfk mk zbA nCvf ifE jvskb. (mc}, zf}, dm} 829, ƒJc} 509, dnnfb} 113, 178ix}) nckvfQ swN (kxkDq W ykcKG) vfjzfsk nCvf Ifdkrfv iv zbA nCvf ifE jvf W bf jvf …Hqƒ ShL. spfrsvv bfmfspv …iv djqfn jsv zbAfbA bfmfspW iVf ShL. (ƒJc} 1/256, dnnfb} 113ix}) kfYfVf …ÙÁ�rflDsn nfrfhfoB k]fv spfrsvv iaKm lc' vfjzfsk iafq 30 zfqfk mk, swN lc' vfjzfsk kfv zsLGj iafq 15 zfqfk mk, zfnsvv iaKm lc' vfjzfsk kfv zsLGj iafq 7/8 zfqfk mk�ˆhQ swN lc' vfjzfsk kfv zsLGj zKGf{ iafq 3/4 zfqfk mk iVf zf¦lfu jvskb. ˆsk hcUf pfq sp, zfnsvv swN lc' vfjzfskW zbA nCvf (zsi[fjxk sYfe Lvsbv) iVf ytsh. ˆ YfVf zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, `iaskAj bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk zfsY ----. dj§Â�sp hAdÙÁ�sjht nCvf Ifdkrf iVsh, kf kfv ubA psKó�rsh. zfv sp hAdÙÁ�ˆv shwD iVsh, kf kfv ubA�…Ùm rsh.' (hc} 772, mc} 396 bQ) zbA ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstb, `icsvf bfmfspƒ dj¶vfzfk iVf rq---.' (mc} 396 bQ) zKGf{ iaskAj vfjzfskƒ. rfsIp ƒhsb rfufv (v}) hstb, sj… sj… hstsYb, `bfmfspv nm²À vfjzfskƒ dj¶vfzfk mc²Àfrfh.' zhwA zfhC ùvfƒvfv ˆƒ rflDsnv iajfwA zKG kfƒ ƒdÌk jsv. (Ihf} 2/295) nckvfQ nCvf Ifdkrfv iv mrfbhD � ˆv zbA ˆj nCvf iVf W bf iVfv hAfifsv …Hq iajfv hBGbf Kfjfq jKf htf pfq sp, dkdb swN lc' vfjzfsk jJsbf jJsbf nCvf iVskb, zfhfv jJsbf iVskb bf. smfe jKf, dkb hf yfv vfjzfk bfmfsp nCvf Ifdkrfv iv iaskAj vfjzfskƒ nCvf tfofsbf pfq. sjfb vfjzfskƒ bf tfofstW yst. zfhfv sjht iaKm lc' vfjzfsk tfdosq swN vfjzfkÈdtsk bf iVstW yst. nh vjmƒ ufsqp. dj¶vfzfskv iv mrfbhD � hfjD v¢jC, jWmfr, dnulfr W ShEj iaHxdk iCshGv vfjzfskv mk jsv mfdev …iv …Hq rfk äfvf Hv jsv kjhDv hst ykcKG vfjzfskv ubA�…sE JfVf rskb. zfv�ˆƒ nmq dkdb jJsbf jJsbf `vIXsq qAflfƒb' jvskb. (zfzf}, bf})

yyykkkcc cKKKGG G vvvfffjjjzzzfffkkk bfmfp 3 vfjzfk dhdwó�(mfosvshv) rst 3 vfjzfk isV, bsy{ 4 vfjzfk dhdwó�rst kf kxkDq vfjzfskv mk isV swN kfwfrXùslv ubA hsn spskb. ˆƒ ShEsj dkdb k]fv hfm ifYfv …iv hnskb. ˆsk k]fv lc'de ifsqv ifkf ˆj dlsj rsq spk. (hc} 828, zflf} 965bQ, hf}) hfm if-sj Ffb ifsqv vtf W †v¢v dbsy vfJskb. (mc} 579 bQ, zfzf}) zfv Ffb ifsqv ifkfsj JfVf vfJskb. (hc} 828bQ) jJsbf jJsbf JfVf bf svsJ dhdYsqW vfJskb. (mc} 579, zfzf}) ifsqv zfÌctÈstf sjhtfmcJD jsv vfJskb.


141

k]fv rfk lc'de iaKm ShEsjv mkƒ Kfjk. zhwA hfm rfk äfvf hfm ufbcv …iv Hvbf dlskb. (zflf} 989, nbf} 1205 bQ) nckvfQ ifYfv …iv hnf sjht 3 hf 4 vfjzfk (zbA jKfq lcƒ kfwfrXùl) dhdwó�bfmfsp ncâk. i[f§Àsv ˆj kfwfrùl dhdwó�2�vfjzfk bfmfsp hfm ifsqv ifkfv ktslw dhdYsq kfv�…iv hnf ncâk. (dnnfb} 156, 181, mcm} 4/100, mfvfnf} 128ix}) jfvB ifYfv …iv hnfv jKf rflDsn sjht lcƒ kfwfrùl dhdwó�bfmfspv s[sÛ�hdBGk rsqsY. bsy{ bfmfsp hnfv nfLfvB ncâk rt, hfm ifsqv ifkfv …isvƒ hnf. (bf} 1156, 1157, 1158, 1261, lf} 1330 bQ)

nnnffftttfffmmm zk}iv bhD mchfwXdwv � kfwfrXùl W lczf zfdl isV Ffb dlsj mcJ dIdvsq htskb,

�"�م�$�'�&�E8@�و��#�Ewא5L א�. `zfnXnftf-mc zftfƒjcm zvfrmfkcïf-r.'

zKGf{, skfmfslv …iv wfd§À W zfïfrv jv¢Bf hdNGk srfj. dkdb ˆkef mcJ dIvfskb sp, (siYb sKsj) k]fv Ffb ofstv ðëkf slJf spk. zk}iv hfm dlsj mcJ dIdvsq zbcv™i hst nftfm dIvskb. zfv ˆskW k]fv hfm ofstv ðëkf (siYb sKsj) slJf spk. (mc} 582, zflf} 996 bQ, bf}) jJsbf jJsbf dkdb Ffb dlsjv (iaKm) nftfsmv nfsK `---zhfvfjfkcr'W spfo jvskb. (zflf} 997, k¶fhf, zfvf}, lfvf}, zfhC qAf'tf 3/1252) zfhfv jJsbf Ffb dlsj `zfnXnftf-mc zftfƒjcm zvfrmfkcïf-r' ˆhQ hfm dlsj sjht `zfnXnftf-mc zftfƒjcm' hst nftfm dIvskb. (bf} 1320 bQ, zf}, dnvfu) zfhfv jJsbf hf Ffb dlsj ˆjec U]csj ‰ mcsJƒ `zfnXnftf-mc zftfƒjcm' hst mfÛ�ˆjde nftfm dIvskb. (ƒJc} 729, hf}, mfj¶slnD, zf}, k¶fhf} zf…nfk¶, rf}, ƒo} 327 bQ) mf zfsqwf n� ˆvW ˆƒ zfmt dYt. (ƒJc} 730, 732, hf} 2/179) zbcv™i ˆj nftfsmv�eא��4�2��zfmt dYt pchfƒv ˆvW. (ƒJc} 731 bQ, hf} 2/179) zkˆh jJsbf jJsbf ˆ ncâfr iftb jvf zfmfslvW …dyk. nftfm dIvfv nmq rfk äfvf�ƒwfvf ShL bq. ˆjlf nfrfhfslvsj ˆmb ƒwfvf jvsk slJst dkdb htstb, ªdj hAfifv skfmfslv? lcv§À sOfVfv stsuv mk jsv rfk äfvf�ƒwfvf jvY? pJb skfmfslv sj… nftfm dIvsh, kJb sn spb kfv (ifw¶GhkGD) nÌDv iadk syrfvf sIvfq�ˆhQ rfk�äfvf�ƒwfvf bf jsv.« zk}iv nfrfhfoB ˆv™i ƒwfvf jvf rsk dhvk rsq pfb. zbA ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, dkdb htstb, ªskfmfslv iaskAsjv ubA ˆkecjc psKó�sp, (nftfm dIvfv nmq) rfk dbu�†v¢v …iv vfJsh. zk}iv Ffƒsb W hfsm (…idhó)�


142

Hfƒ-ˆv iadk nftfm slsh.« (mc} 431, zfzf}, dnvfu, ƒJc} 733 bQ, k¶fhf}) …ÙÁ�rflDsn�ƒdÌk vsqsY sp, ufmfzfskv bfmfsp bfmfpD nftfm slq ifswv bfmfpDsj. dj§Â ˆjf bfmfsp nftfm slWqf rq dIdvñfsj. iv§Â�ifswv bfmfpD nftfm dIvst kfv uWqfh dlsk rq bf. jfvB, sn nmq njstƒ ˆsj zivsj nftfm dlsq Kfsj. zkˆh uWqfh Kfsj kfskƒ. (mcm} 3/288-289) spv™i nftfm sIvfv nmq rfskv ƒwfvf ShL bq, kû™i dhsLq bq mfKf drtfsbfW. (mck¶fnf} 189ix}) nftfm dIsvƒ bfmfspv jfu swN rsq pfq. ksh sJqft vfJfv dhNq sp, sp kvkDh W ipGfqÛÁsm mrfbhD � bfmfp W kfv njt zfmt n©iâ jsvsYb, snƒ ipGfqÛÁsmƒ bfmfp iVf bfmfp ðÝ�rWqfv ubA wkG zKhf Ivp. (dInc} …lcG 95ix})

IIIvvvppp bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv iiivvv iiiEEEbbbDDDqqq dddpppjjjvvv WWW lllcc czzzfff

��א5 .1:�k�4�[�� zf²ÀfodIv¢ïfr, (zKGf{ zfdm zfïfrv dbje [mf iafKGbf jvdY)

3hfv . �"�م�=��.�l��ذ�אא �n"�ل�و�א�u.��אم� .2L א�D�9Cو�م��"�L א�l�3��@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf zf§Àfn nftf-mc zdmbXjfn nftf-mc kfhf-vfjkf ƒqf pft uftf-dt zt ƒjvf-m. zKG zKG zKG zKG---- sr zfïfr! kcdm wfd§À (njt Û¢de sKsj idhÛ) ˆhQ skfmfv dbje sKsjƒ wfd§À. kcdm hvjkmq sr mdrmmq, mrfbcHh! (mcndtm 1/414)

3. ��h��Sو��א5N��?�� ?��b��Ar)�1�h�%E.;'�$�+�Mو�#��א ��و� �ED'�# א�� ،�� D.

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- ª tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù tf wfvDjf tfr, tfùt mctjc ztfùt rfmlc zùqf zftf jcdï wfƒdqb j¶flDv. zKG} zKG} zKG} zKG}---- zfïfr hAkDk sjfb nkA mfhcl sbƒ, dkdb ˆjj, k]fv sjfb zQwD sbƒ, k]fvƒ ubA nm²À vfuk¶, kf]vƒ nm²À iawQnf ˆhQ dkdb nhG dhNsq wdÙÁmfb.

4. f��n א�D�9C��n� אذ�א�U�:�9��#��l��9�Cو� �;j��C��#��$��l�&�jو� �U3��C��@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf tf mf-dbqf dtmf zf'k¶fƒkf, ztf mc'dk¶qf dtmf mfbf'kf ztf qAfbIf… pft ufdÜ dmbjft ufÜX. zKzKzKzK GG GG---- sr zfïfr! kcdm pf lfb jv kf svfL jvfv ˆhQ pf svfL jv kf lfb jvfv nfLA jfsvf sbƒ. zfv Lbhfsbv Lb skfmfv zfpfh sKsj mcdÙÁ sisk sjfb …ijfsv zfnsh bf. (hc}, mc} , dm} 962 bQ)

5555.... 5� N��?��+EA��+�ل�و�.


143

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- tf rf…tf ztf j¶c…Wqfkf ƒïf dhïf-r. zKG} zKG} zKG} zKG}---- zfïfrv siavBf lfb YfVf ifi sKsj dIvfv ˆhQ n{jfu jvfv wdÙÁ sbƒ. 6666.... �/�L�� א��9(��x א��و� ��%�V�: א��و� �Ew�#��9 א�� S��?N��?��3��NאE5و��?�� ?}E5אN��?�� ?��،

&�/� ��א ��/�و� �+�.��Sא ��8)��و�ن�>'�]�C.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù ztf bf'hclc ƒïf ƒqAf-ù tfùdâ'mfkc ztfùt Ifp¶tc ztfùn nfbf-…t rfnfb, tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù mcJdtn¶Dbf tfùÜDbf ztf… jfdvrft jf-dIv™b. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfïfr hAkDk sj… nkA …ifnA sbƒ. k]fv YfVf zfmvf zfv jfsvf ƒhflk jdv bf, k]fvƒ pfhkDq n©il, k]fvƒ pfhkDq zbcoar, ˆhQ k]fvƒ pfhkDq nciawQnf, zfïfr YfVf sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ. zfmvf dhwcÝ dysÙ k]fvƒ …ifnbf jdv, pdlW jfsIvlt kf ziY¦l jsv. (mc} , dm} 963 bQ)

א5 .7 nchrf-bfïfr. zKGf{, zfdm zfïfrv idhÛkf sOfNBf jvdY. 33 ]��ن�

hfv. 5��#�� א� zftrfmlc dtïf-r. zKGf{, nm²À iawQnf zfïfrv dbdmsÙ. 33 hfv. א��5��.�� zfïf-ù zfjhfv. zKGf{ zfïfr nhGmrfb. 33 hfv.

zfv 100 iCvB jvfv ubA …isvfÙÁ 3bQ lczf ˆjhfv iEbDq. ˆocdt ifE jvst nmcslav sIbf hvfhv ifi rstW mfI rsq pfq. (mc} 1/418, zf} 2/371) `zfïfù zfjhfv' 34 hfvW htf pfq. (mc} 1377bQ) iajfw sp, knhDr oBbfq hfm rfk hf knhDr mftf hAhrfv bf jsv sjht Ffb rfk hAhrfv jvfƒ dhsLq. (nrDùt ufsm' 4865bQ)

8. ncvf ƒJtfn,Iftfj¶ W bfn 1 hfv jsv. (zfhc lf†l2/86, nrDr dkvdmpD 1/8, bfnf„ 3/68) 9. zfqfkct jcvnD 1hfv. iaskAj bfmfspv iv ˆƒ zfqfk ifE jvst mxkcA YfVf

ufâfk pfWqfv isK ifEjfvDv ubA zfv sjfb hfLf Kfsj bf. (n} ufsm' 5/339, dn} nrDrfr 972) 10101010.... �l�&��D��h ��، ��א #�'EDو� ��א ��#��،��&�1و��#�Sو��E5אN��?�� ?}

b��Ar)�1�h�%E.;'�$�+�Mو�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù tf wfvDjf tfù tfùt mctjc ztfùt rfmlc qcArqD z qcAmDkc zùqf zftf jcdï wfƒdqb j¶flDv. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfïfr YfVf sj… nkA …ifnA sbƒ, dkdb ˆjj, k]fv sjfb wvDj sbƒ. nm²À vfuk¶ W iawQnf k]fvƒ, dkdb uDdhk jsvb, dkdbƒ mvB lfb jsvb ˆhQ dkdb nshGfidv wdÙÁmfb. ˆde Iuv W mfodvshv bfmfsp nftfm dIvfv iv lwhfv iVst lwde sbjD tfH rsh, lwde sofbfr Uvsh, lwde mpGflf hfVsh, yfvde softfm zfpfl jvfv nWqfh tfH rsh


144

ˆhQ wqkfb sKsj dbvfisl Kfjsh. (nrDr kfvoDh 262- 263 ix})

11111111---- "��*�4fC"�#�$��و��ز��A�G&��و(��3�#'$�DE ��[��1�3�?�@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zfnzftcjf ƒtmfb bf-dIz]f… z dvpj¶fb k¶fƒdqh]f… z zfmftfm mckfj¶fêftf. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje Itlfqj dw[f, rftft uDdhjf ˆhQ oarBspfoA zfmt iafKGbf jvdY. Iusvv bfmfspv iv ˆde iEbDq. (nƒmf}1/152, k¶fhf nfoDv, mfumf…p pfWqfsql10/111)

9�1�6�$א ��D��+�م�=��$��د�� ----12121212A�@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf dj¶bD zfpf-hfjf ƒqfWmf kfhzfNc ƒhf-lfj. zKG} zKG} zKG} zKG}---- sr zfïfr! spdlb kcdm skfmfv hf¦lfslvsj icbv¢dÚk jvsh sndlbjfv zfpfh sKsj zfmfsj v[f jsvf. (mcndtm) 13131313---- ;'�$�+�Mو�א [�&��S��& �l�&�1و��#&��#��E א��و� �ED'�# א�� ،�� D��h��Sو��E5אN��?�� ?}

E.b��Ar)�;�h�%.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù tf wfvDjf tfù tfùt mctjc ztfùt rfmlc qcArqD z qcAmDkc dhqAfdldrt Jfƒv¢ zùqf zftf jcdï wfƒdqb j¶flDv. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- zfïfr dHâ sj… nkA mf'hcl sbƒ. dkdb ˆjj, k]fv sjfb wvDj sbƒ. k]fvƒ ubA nfvf vfuk¶ ˆhQ k]fvƒ dbdmsÙ njt iawQnf. dkdbƒ uDhb lfb jsvb W dkdbƒ mvB slb. k]fv rfskƒ njt mÌt. zfv dkdb nshGfidv [mkfhfb. ˆde Iusvv bfmfspv iv if Ocdvsq hnfv iCshG 100 hfv iVst ixdKhDv msLA ‰ dlsb snƒ hAdÙÁƒ zdLj …Ùm zfmtjfvD hst oBA rsh. (nrDr kfvoDh 262-263 ix}) ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `Ivp bfmfspv nftfm sIvfv iv nwsè dpjXv ifE zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv pcso iaydtk dYt.' (hc} 841bQ, mc}) iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆƒ njt dpjXvsj nCv jsv iVf dhlzfk htf rsqsY.

jjjdddkkkiiiqqq zzzðððÝÝÝ ��dddpppjjjXX Xvvv djYc dpjXv zfsY, pf stfj mfsU iaydtk zKy kf nrDr ncâfrv zbcjCt bq, zKhf kf mboVf; pf kAfo jsv nrDr ncâfrdHdÙj dpjXv W lczf iVf jkGhA.

1. `zfïf-ù©mf zfduvbD dmbfâf-v.' Iuv W mfosvh iv 7 hfv jsv ifE jsv ‰ dlsb hf vfsk mfvf sost slfpJ sKsj db°jxdk ifWqf pfq. ˆ rflDnde nrDr�bq, hvQ pqDI. (dnp} 1624 bQ)

2. mfKfq rfk svsJ `ƒqf j¶fdhqcA' hf `ƒqf bCv¢' htf. ˆde mboVf. 3. mfKfq rfk svsJ `dhndmïfdrïfpD ---- zfïfù©mf zfpdrh zfdât rf©mf ztùpXb.'


145

ˆ hAfifsv hdBGk rflDnde Jch lchGt zKhf uft. (dnp} 660, 1059 bQ) 4. ˆk ˆk hfv lv™l iVf. lv™l nftfsmv iCshG hf zbAfbA zdbdlGó�nmsq iVfƒ dhsLq. 5. dmdtk js÷ zKhf ˆjfjD `zfnXnftf-kc znXnftf-mc zftfƒjf ƒqf vfnCtfïfr'

htf. ˆde dhlzfk. (mh} 17/70-71, 20/147) iajfw Kfsj sp, knhDr Ffb rfsk sofbfƒ rt ncâk. mrfbhD � Ffb rfskv zfÌct äfvfƒ knhDr ÈsbsYb ˆhQ zivsj Ffb rfskv zfÌct hAhrfv jvsk dbslGw dlsqsYb. zfv dkdb hstsYb sp, ‰ zfÌctÈstfsj djqfmskv dlb jKf htfv [mkf slWqf rsh ˆhQ kfslvsj ˆ n©isjG duÎfnfhfl jvf rsh. (zflf} 1501, dm} 2316 bQ) nckvfQ knhDr mftf hAhrfv jvf dhsLq bq. ˆsk vsqsY dvqfv (stfj-ialwGsbv) oá, pf sYfe dwjG. i[f§Àsv j]fjv hf sJucv z]fde äfvf knhDr sofbfv rflDn nrDr bq. (zflf} 1500, mck¶fnf} 193ix})

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IIIvvvppp bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv iiivvv rrrfffkkk kkkcc csssttt mmmcc cbbbfffuuufffkkk iiiaa annnsssÌÌÌ bfmfpD pJb bfmfp isV kJb sn zfïfrv dbje mcbfufk jsv. zfïfrv nfsK dbvftfq spb jfsb jfsb jKf hst. (mczÙf, mcnbfsl zfrml 2/36, 4/ 344) bfmfspv mfsUƒ zfèX (lfn) mfhcslv (iaHcv) LAfsb LAfbmo Kfsj. spb sn kf]sj slJsk ifq. pk[B sn bfmfsp Kfsj kk[B sn zfïfrv nfsK jKf hst. dkdb kfv iadk mcJ dIvfb ˆhQ nftfm bf dIvf ipG§À dkdb mcJ dIdvsq sbb bf. (hfƒrfjD, nrDùt ufsm'1614 bQ) iv[sB pJbƒ sn nftfm dIsv slq kJbƒ sn mcbfufskv zh²¿f dhd¤Yâ rsq pfq, lCv rsq pfq SbjseAv dhswN spfonCÛ. hf¦lf nsv zfsn snƒ mrfb dhw¶fdLidkv Jfn lvhfv sKsj. nckvfQ kfv dbje djYc yfWqf skf snƒ nmsq zdLj swfHbDq sp nmsq dHJfvD hf¦lf k]fv LAfsb kfv dbjse W k]fv Jfn lvhfsv Kfsj. zkˆh snƒ SbjseAv LAfb Ho´ jsv ˆhQ mrfbhD � ˆv dbslGdwk mcbfufk sKsj shdvsq ˆsn icbvfq mcbfufk nÌk W pcdÙÁpcÙÁ bq. zhwA nrDr rflDsn hdBGk sp, ˆjlf nfrfhfoB zfïfrv vnCt � sj sjfbX nmq lczf zdLjv™si jhct rq - sn dhNsq iaw jvst dkdb hstdYstb, ªoHDv vfskv swNfQsw ˆhQ njt Ivp bfmfspv iÇyfsk.« (dk}3499, bf} zfmftct ƒqf…dm zïfƒtfr 108bQ, dm} 968 bQ) rflDnde zsbsjv dbje lchGt rstW zfnst kf rfnfb. (ndk}2782bQ) nckvfQ ˆefƒ rs¤Y Ivp bfmfspv iv mcbfufk jvfv iafq nrDr W nh sysq hV ltDt, pdlW ˆsk rfk kcst lczfv jKf sbƒ. ˆƒJfb rskƒ sLfjf sJsq mcbfufk-siamDvf …ßfhb jsvsYb sp, `Ivp bfmfspv iv lczf jhct rq. zfv rfk kcst lczf jvst


146

zfïfr Jfdt rfsk dIdvsq slb bf. kfYfVf bfmfspv iv stfj W ufmfzfk shwD Kfsj. zfv ufmfzfkD lczf shwD jhct rq.' ƒkAfdl. i[f§Àsv zfpfsbv nmq, zfpfb W ƒjfmskv mfsU, ƒjfmskv nmq, hxdó hNGsBv nmq W zfsvf sp nh nmsq lczf jhct rq sn nh nmsq Sj ufmfzfkD lczf busv isV bf. zHAfsn idvBk rsqsY sjht Ivp bfmfspv iv lczf. wcv¢sk ˆjef jKf sJqft vfJf …dyk sp, ƒhflk pJb, spHfsh, sp ÈB, nQJAf W iÝdksk dhdLhÝ rsqsY iaskAjde ƒhflk snƒ ÈB, iÝdk, nQJAf W nmq zbcnfsv jvf uv¢vD. zdbdlGó hf nfLfvB Kfjst kf sjfb ÈB l¶fvf dbdlGó jvf dhlzfskv ipGfqHcÙÁ. nckvfQ lczfv ˆj nfLfvB dbqm rt, rfk kcst lczf jvf. zKGf{ sj… dbu iasqfub nfLfvB nmsq zfïfrv dbje iafKGbfg jvst rfk kcst jvsh. ˆJb pdl sj… hst, `zfdm zfmfv iasqfub bfmfsp yfƒ hf bf yfƒ, bfmfspv isv vnCstv hf dbsuv HfNfq rfk kcst yfƒh'- kfrst kfv iaKsm ufbf …dyk sp, bfmfspv iv ˆjde dbdlGó nmq. zfv kfsk vsqsY dbdlGó ƒhflk (dpjv-zfpjfv). zkˆh ‰ dbdlGó nmsq wvDqk dj jvsk dbslGw jsvsY? pf jvsk dbslGw jsvsY kfv dbqm dj? ƒkAfdl. ˆƒ s[sÛ zbcv™i nfLfvB dbqm nQspfub jvf pfsh bf. jvstƒ kf zdkvÓb kKf dhlzfk v™si idvodBk rsh. ItjKf, kfsj slJsk rsh sp, ‰ dbdlGó ƒhflskv dbdlGó nmsq dbdlGóv™si lczf hf mcbfufskv dbslGw wvDqsk zfsY dj? bsy{ zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfmfslv ˆ (wvDqskv) hAfifsv bkcb djYc …ßfhb jsv pf Wv z§ÀHGcÙÁ bq kf iakAfJAfk.« (hcJfvD mcndtm, dmwjfk140bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ ˆmb sjfb zfmt jsv pfv …iv zfmfslv sjfb dbslGw sbƒ kf iakAfJAfk.« (mcndtm 1718bQ) ˆhfv iaw KfjsY …isvfÙÁ rflDn mcbfufskv öis[ ltDt dj bf? …ÙÁ rflDsn sp `lchcv' wè hAhrfv rsqsY kfv zKG rt, diE, ifYf, iÇyf{ hf swNfQw. p]fslv zsKG `lchcv' mfsb `isv', k]fslv msk ˆƒ rflDnde Ivp bfmfspv iv lczf hf mcbfufskv hV ltDt. (pdlW rfk kcst bq.) dj§Â …ÙÁ rflDsn `lchcv' wsèv zKG isv jvf dEj dj? ˆJb pdl hdt, `ov¢v lchcv (ifYf)', kfrst swafkf ˆƒ hcUsh sp, ov¢v ifYf slsrv zdhs¤YlA diYsbv zÌ. kfv slrfQswv hfƒsvv djYc bq. nckvfQ bfmfspv lchcv, hf ifYf zKhf iÇyf{ htsk hcUf lvjfv sp, kf bfmfspvƒ swN zÌ hf zQw. bfmfspv hfƒsv djYc bq; zKGf{ nftfm dIvfv iCshGv zQw. zhwA `lchcv' (iÇyf{) hst isvv zQwsjW hcUfsbf pfq. spmb pdl hdt, `ƒmfm nfsrh hfsnv lchcsv (iÇyfsk hf siYsb) l]fdVsq zfsYb.' kfrst ƒmfm nfsrhsj sp slsJdb sn swafkf lcƒ vjm hcUsk ifsv; iaKmk} ˆƒ sp, ƒmfm nfsrh hfsnv siYsbv zQsw hfsnv dHksvƒ l]fdVsq zfsYb. zfv dl¶kDqk} ˆƒ sp, ƒmfm nfsrh hfsnv


147

siYsb svfsF (hfsnv hfƒsv) l]fdVsq zfsYb. zfv ˆs[sÛ swafkfv lcƒ iajfv hcUfƒ ndEj, Hct bq. dj§Â ƒmfm nfsrshv zfnt l]fVfhfv ufqof hf²Àhis[ ˆjefƒ, dhLfq zivde zn©Hh. nckvfQ …ÙÁ rflDsnv zKG pdl `bfmfspv iÇyfsk zKGf{ nftfm dIvfv iCshG lczf jhct rq' hdt, kfrst ˆjKfW htsk rq sp, `nftfm sIvfv iCshGƒ knhDr-kfrtDtW jvsk rsh.' jfvB WJfsbW `lchcv' wè hAhrfv rsqsY. pfv zsKGg …tfmfoB bfmfspv iv dpjXv iVfv jKf hst Kfsjb. zkˆh …ÙÁ äAKGshfLj wsèv hAfJAf J]cusk zfmfslvsj wvDqskv nfrfpA dbsk rsh. spsrkc mrfbhD � ˆv ˆj …dÙÁsj k]fv ziv …dÙÁ hf zfmt hAfJAf jsv. ytcb ˆhfsv zfmvf kfƒ slsJ `lchcv' ˆv ndEj zKG dbLGfvB jdv. nftfm sIvfv isv dj jvf …dyk sn hAfifsv zfïfrv ˆj dbslGw rt, ªzk}iv pJb skfmvf bfmfp nmfå jvsh kJb zfïfrv dpjXv jv----.« (jc} 4/103) ªkf]v idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv vfdÛv ˆjfQsw ˆhQ bfmfspv isvW.« (jc} 50/40) kfƒ skf zfïfrv bhD � ˆv zfmt W zHAfn dYt nftfm dIvfv iv zfïfrv dpjXv jvf. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � ªzfïf-ù©mf zf§Àfn nftfm--- « htfv mk nmsqv sysq zdLj nmq nftfm sIvfv iv hnskb bf. (mc} dm} 960 bQ) nfWhfb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � pJb bfmfp swN jvskb kJb dkbhfv ƒd²ÀoIfv jsv ªzfï-ù©mf zf§Àfn nftfm---- « htskb. zfècïfr dhb pchfƒv hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � pJb nftfm dIvskb kJb …]yc wsè htskb, ªtf ƒtfrf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù ---.« (mcndtm, dmwjfk963 bQ) (ˆ hAfifsv Ivp bfmfspv iv dpjXsvv zfstfybf slJcb.) nftfm dIvf rst dkdb mdrtfslv ubA ˆjec zsi[f jvskb, pfsk kfvf icv¢Nslv zfsoƒ mndul kAfo jvsk ifsv. zk}iv dkdb …sE spskb. (hcJfvD 837) nfmcvfr dhb ucblch hstb, Iusvv bfmfp swN jsv zfïfrv bhD � zfmfslv dlsj dIsv hsn htskb, ªok vfsÛ skfmfslv msLA sj n¶i slsJsY?« zk}iv sj… slJst sn hBGbf jvk. bsy{ dkdb dbsu n¶i slsJ Kfjst kf hBGbf jvskb. (hcJfvD,dmwjfk 4621 bQ) zhwA ˆjlf jf'hf wvDsIv dbje mrfbhD � ˆv bfmfp iVf jfst jcvfƒswv lc°jxkDvf k]fv dnulfvk zh²¿fq OfsV …ebDv (oHGfwq) Ict yfdisq dlst rpvk Ifskmf (vf}) Jhv sisq Ycse ˆsn kf ndvsq sIstb. ˆsrb lchAGhrfsvv Ist zfïfrv vnCt � bfmfp swN jsv …¤yn¶sv ‰ lx°jxkDslv ubA hÜczf jsvb ˆhQ kf jhctW rsq pfq. (hcJfvD 240, mcndtm 1794 bQ) dj§Â sn bfmfp Ivp dYt bf bIt, kf dbdÇyk bq. iv§Â ˆsk rfk skftfv jKf sbƒ. kfYfVf ˆde dYt nfmdqj hÜczf; pf kfslvsj wcdbsq jvf rsqdYt.


148

zfv ˆjde nrDr rflDsn ˆsnsY sp, dkdb Iusvv bfmfsp nftfm dIsv htskb, ªzfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zfnzftcjf ƒtmfb bf-dIzf…] zdvpjfb k¶fƒdqh]f… zzfmftfm mckfj¶fêftf.« (zKGf{ sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfv dbje zhwAƒ ItianC Îfb, …Ùm v¢pD ˆhQ jhctspfoA zfmt iafKGbf jvdY.) (k¶fhfvfbD, nfoDv, mfumf…p pfWqfƒl10/111, nrDr ƒhsb mfufr 1/152) zhwA ˆJfsbW rfk skftfv jKf sbƒ. nckvfQ htf pfq sp, nftfm dIvfv iv zfïfrv bhD � zdLjfQw nmsq zfïfrv dpjXv isVsYb. zfv jJsbf jJsbf dkdb Iusvv iv ‰ lczf (rfk bf kcst) ifE jsvsYb. i[f§Àsv nftfsmv iCshG dkdb (iafKGbfmCtj) lczf iVsk zfslw dlsq hstb, ªˆviv (kfwfrùslv iv) skfmfslv pfv pf ƒ¤Yf W iY¦l snƒ mk lczf shsY dbsq lczf jvf …dyk.« (hcJfvD 835, mcndtm,dmwjfk 909 bQ) ªpJb skfmfslv msLA sj… (swN) kfwfrùl n©iâ jvsh kJb sn spb zfïfrv dbje yfvde dudbn sKsj ifbfr yfq; ufrfâfsmv zfpfh, jhsvv zfpfh, lfÏfstv dIkbf ˆhQ uDhb W mxkAcv dIkbf sKsj. ˆviv sn ƒ¤Yfmk lczf jvsh.« (mcndtm, zfhc zfWqfbfr, zfhC lf†l 983bQ, bfnf„, ƒhsb mfufr, iamcJ, dmwjfk 940bQ) nftfm dIvfv iCshG kfwfrùslv iv dkdb dbsuW dhdhL iajfv lczf isV iafKGbf jsvsYb. (hcJfvD, mcndtm, dmwjfk 939bQ) (lczfsq mfncvf laóhA) ˆmb dj …ÙÁ yfv iajfv zfpfh W dIkbf rsk ifbfr yfWqfv lczf zfïfrv bhD � jcvzfb jfvDsmv nCvf dwJfsbfv mk nfrfhfoBsj dw[f dlskb. kfƒ skf 3 zKhf 4 ub nfrfhD rsk …ÙÁ lczfv rflDn hBGbfjfvD kfshqD k¶f…n ˆjlf k]fv sYstsj htstb, `kcdm skfmfv bfmfsp ‰ lczf isVY dj? htt, bf. dkdb htstb kfrst kcdm skfmfv bfmfp dIdvsq iV.' (mcndtm 1/413 bQ) sjbbf, k]fv dbje …ÙÁ lczfv ˆk ocv¢k¶ dYt sp, dkdb msb jvskb, sp lczf iVsk zfïfrv bhDv zfslw, zfmt W dw[f vsqsY kf bf iVst bfmfpƒ rsh bf! ˆjlf zfïfrv vnCt � (mndusl) hsn dYstb, ˆmb nmq ˆj hAdÙÁ iashw jsv bfmfp wcv¢ jvt. (bfmfsp) sn htt, `sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfsj [mf jv, zfmfv iadk lqf jv.' kf wcsb zfïfrv vnCt � htstb, ªkfVfùsVf jvst kcdm sr bfmfpD! pJb kcdm bfmfsp hnsh kJb zfïfrv psKfipcÙÁ ianQwf jv ˆhQ zfmfv …iv lv™l iV, kfviv zfïfrv dbje lczf jv.« djYc[B isv zfv ˆj hAdÙÁ bfmfp iVsk wcv¢ jvt, sn zfïfrv iawQnf jsv bhD � ˆv …iv lv™l ifE jvt. kJb kf wcsb dkdb htstb, ªsr bfmfpD! (ˆhfv kcdm) lczf jv, jhct rsh .« (dk} 3476, zfhC lf†l, bfnf„, dmwjfk 930 bQ) ƒhsb mn…l hstb, `ˆjlf zfdm bfmfp iVdYtfm, zfv bhD �, zfhc hjv W …mv (ifswƒ hsn) dYstb. pJb zfdm hntfm kJb zfïfrv iawQnf W lv™l wcv¢ jvtfm. kfviv zfdm dbsuv ubA lczf jvtfm. kf wcsb bhD � htstb, ªkcdm yfW,


149

skfmfsj lfb jvf rsh, kcdm yfW, skfmfsj lfb jvf rsh.« (dkvdmpD, dmwjfk 931 bQ) zfv zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… pJb bfmfsp l]fVfq sn kJb kfv vshv nfsK mcbfufk jsv. zkˆh mcbfufsk sn dj hst, kf kfv ufbf …dyk. (mczÙf, mcnbfsl zfrml 2/36, 4928bQ) zkˆh ndEj mcbfufskv ²¿fb W lczf jhct rWqfv nmq nftfm dIvfv iCshG bq dj? iv§Â pdl `lchcv' wsèv zKG ìsv' Lsv sbWqf pfq khcW kfsk rfk kcst mcbfufk iamfB rq bf. zfv ˆJfsb rfk kcst lczf jvf lczfv zflh hst ˆhQ zfïfr (rfk kcst lczf jvst) Jfdt rfk dIdvsq slb bf hst ˆJfsbW skftf rsh hf kctsk rsh, kf htf pfq bf. ‰ slJcb bf, ucmzfv Jckhfq lczf dhsLq. bhD � hxdóv ubA rfk kcst Jckhfq lczfW jsvsYb. dj§Â nfLfvB nmsq Jckhfq dkdb rfk kctskb bf. kfƒskf …mfvfr dhb v¢qfƒhfr pJb dhwXv dhb mfvWqfbsj ucmzfv Jckhfq rfk kcst lczf jvsk slJstb, kJb dkdb htstb, `zfïfr ‰ rfk lcdesj dhjxk jv¢j! zfdm zfïfrv vnCt � sj sjht k]fv zfÌct l¶fvf ˆHfsh ƒwfvf jvsk slsJdY. (mcndtm 874, zfhC lf†l,dkvdmpD, bfnf„, ƒhsb zfhD wfƒhfr 5496 bQ) nckvfQ rfk kcst lczfv zflh rstW spsrkc ‰ s[sÛ dbdlGó nmsq dkdb rfk kcstb db, kfƒ ntIoB kf ShL msb jvskb bf. pcrvD hstb, ùcmzfv dlb rfk skftf bkcb zfmt (dhlzfk).' (ƒhsb zfhD wfƒhfr 5491 bQ) k¶f…n ucmzfv dlb rfk kcst lczfsj ziY¦l jvskb ˆhQ dkdb dbsuW rfk kctskb bf. (‰ 5493 bQ) ƒmfm W mcÙÁflDosBv Jckhfq rfk kcst lczf iansÌ mfnv™j hstb, (pfvf ‰Hfsh lczf jsv) `zfïfr kfslv rfk sjse dbj.' ( ‰ 5494 bQ) nckvfQ ˆjKf ±ió rt sp, Ivp bfmfspv iv lczf ShL Lvf sostW rfk kcst lczfv zflh hst rfk skftf ˆJfsbW dhlzfk rsh, spmb ucmzfv Jckhfq rsh. jfvB bfmfspv isv mrfbhD � ˆv zflwG W kvDjf zfmfslv nfmsb mucl. ˆ skf sot ˆjfjD rfk kcst mcbfufskv jKf. zKGf{ ˆjfjD bfmfpDv ubAW dhsLq bq Ivp bfmfspv iv rfk kcst mcbfufk jvf . hfjD Kfjt ufmfzfkD lczfv jKf, skf kfv iamfB zfsvf lc}nfLA. p]fvf jsvb hf jvf Hfstf msb jsvb k]fvf hstb, sp, ùfmfzfskv lczf ˆjde nchBG ncspfo.' ˆv iamfsB k]fvf ˆƒ pcdÙÁ siw jsvb sp, ùfmfzfsk lczf jvst lczf jhct rq. ˆjfjD zsbsjv lczf jhct bfW rsk ifsv. nckvfQ i]fyub Hfstf stfsjv I]fsj ˆjub m¦lstfsjvW lczf jhct rsq pfq!' k]fvf zfsvf hstb, `sjfb sbkfv jfsY sjfb lfhD hf zfshlsbv hAfifsv ˆjfv sysq spZK W ufmfzfkD syófskƒ jxkfKG rWqf zdLj n©Hh.' ƒkAfdl. dj§Â iaKmk} pcdÙÁde ltDt-nfsi[. däkDqk} lcdbqfv HDkc sbkfslv nfsK nfhGsHZm [mkf W öqQn©iCBGkfv zdLjfvD mrfb zfïfrsj kctbf jvf shufq Hct W rfvfm. iv§Â pdl kfƒ rq, ksh ˆ pcdÙÁ W ncspfsov jKf mrfbhD � ˆhQ k]fv nfrfhfoB dj


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ufbskb bf? bfdj k]fslv sysq W]vf shwD ufbstb? jƒ k]fvf skf ˆƒ ncspfo oarB jsv zbcv™i ufmfzfkD lczf Ivp bfmfspv iv jsv sostb bf? iv§Â k]fvfW ufmfzfkhÝHfsh lczf jsvsYb; dhil-zfislv nmq Ivp bfmfspv swN vfjzfsk v¢jc sKsj …Efv iv jWmfq rfk kcst mcndtmslv ubA ufmfzfkD lczf W jfsIvslv ubA hÜczf jsvsYb. (hcJfvD, mcndtm, dmwjfk 1288, 1289, 1290 bQ) nfrfhfoB vmpfsbv dhkXv bfmfsp v¢jcv iCshG hf isv rfk kcst ufmfzfkD lczf jsvsYb. (mczÙf, dmwjfk 1303 bQ) k]fvf bfmfspv dHksvƒ rfk kcst ufmfzfkD lczf jsvsYb. dj§Â bfmfspv iv jvf …Ùm rst kf jvskb bf dj? ˆjlf mrfbhD � ucmzfv Jckhf dld¤Ystb. ˆmb nmq ˆj mv¢hfnD (shlc„b) …sE l]fdVsq htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! mft-Lb L¶Qn rsq sot, zfv idvhfv-idvub (JfslAv zHfsh) [cLfkG sKsj sot. nckvfQ zfidb zfmfslv ubA zfïfrv jfsY lczf jv¢b.' kJb mrfbhD � dbsuv lcƒ rfk kcst lczf jvstb. Ist ˆmb hxdó wcv¢ rt sp ivhkGD ucmzfsk …ÙÁ (hf zbA ˆj) hAdÙÁ icbvfq JfVf rsq htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! Ov-hfdV sHsM sot ˆhQ mft-Lb Fcsh sot. nckvfQ zfidb zfmfslv ubA lczf jv¢b!' mrfbhD � kJb dkdb dbsuv rfk kcst icbvfq hxdó há rWqfv ubA lczf jvstb ˆhQ hxdóW sot sKsm. (hcJfvD 933bQ, mcndtm, bfnf„, mcnbfl zfrml 3/256, 271) zkˆh hcUf sot sp, bfmfspv iv lczfv zHAfn dYt bf hstƒ …ÙÁ nfrfhD sp nmq jKf htf ˆhQ sj… jKf htst kfsj yci jvsk htfW dbdNÝ snƒ nmq zfïfrv bhD � sj lc' lc'hfv lczfv zfshlb ufbfstb. nfsqh dhb qAfpDl hstb, ˆjlf zfdm mczfdhqf ˆv nfsK (mnduslv) zfmDv-js[ ucmzfv bfmfp iVtfm. dkdb nftfm dIvst zfdm …sE snƒ ufqofskƒ ncâk isV dbtfm. zk}iv dkdb (hfnfq) iashw jvst ˆjusbv mfvI{ zfmfsj sFsj ifdEsq htstb, `kcdm pf jvst kf zfv däkDqhfv jsvf bf. ucmzfv bfmfp nmfå jvst jKf htf zKhf shv rsq bf pfWqf ipG§À kfv nfsK zfv zbA sjfb bfmfp dmdtsq isVf bf. jfvB, zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfslvsj zfslw jsvsYb sp, (mfsU) jKf bf hst hf shv rsq bf sosq sjfb bfmfpsj spb zbA bfmfspv nfsK dmdtsq bf idV.' (mcndtm 883, zfhc lf†l 1129bQ, mcnbfsl zfrml 4/95, 99) …ÙÁ rflDn dbsq ˆjec dy§Àf jvst ±ió rsq …Esh sp, nfrfhfslv pcsoW ‰ mcbfufskv Oef dhlAmfb dYt bf. nckvfQ kf sp bh-zfdh®jxk dhlXzfk kf idv®jfv rsq pfq. dj§Â zufs§À stfsjvf w]fn sYsV zf]desk jfmV mfvsY! spJfsb lczf jvf Wqfduh hf dhsLq snJfsb bf jsv znmq W zdhsLq ²¿fsb lczf jvfv ubA mfvfmfdv! zfhfv sj… bf jvst kfsj dbsq hfVfhfdV!! dj§Â kfW dj ShL? zkˆh zfidb pdl Îfb W dhshsjv nfrfspA wvDqskv mfijfdEsk ƒbnfI jvsk yfb


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ˆhQ däLfdhHÙÁ nmfsuv nQjDBG msbv mfbcNslv r™lq-äfvsj …lfv W …¦mcÙÁ jsv wx£Jtf zfbsk yfb, kfrst dbÇyq hAfifsv zfnt nkA zfibfv dbjeW iaje rsq …Esh ƒb wf-zfïfr. i[f§Àsv zfidb skf yfb zfïfrv zbcoar, zfïfrv vrmk W mfodIvfk. ksh kf pdl ˆ nmq YfVf zbA nmsqƒ ifWqf pfq, kfrst kf sn nmsqƒ sysq dbsk hfLf sjfKfq? jKfq hst, ªsT]djwfst pdl mfdbj ifƒ, ksh sjb ihGsk pfƒ?« smfe jKf zfibfv iasqfub zfidb zfibfv bfmfspƒ dH[f jv¢b. zfibfv zfisl-dhisl W hftf-mnDhsk bfmfspƒ nfrfpA iafKGbf jv¢b. dhswN jsv zfïfr spsrkc hstb, ªskfmvf SLpG W bfmfspv mfLAsm nfrfpA iafKGbf jv.« (nCvf hfj¶fvfr 45,153 zfqfk) zkˆh sJqft jsv slJcb rqskf hf sp iasqfub zfidb dH[f jvshb snƒ iasqfusbv lczf bfmfspƒ vsqsY. bsy{ zbcv™i nrDr lczf shsY dbsq zfidb lczfv ²¿fsb bfmfspƒ jvsk ifsvb. zfv pdl dbsuv HfNfskƒ lczf jvsk rq, kfrst lczf jhct rWqfv zfsvf hù nmq zfsY. snƒ nfLfvB nmsq zfidb zfibfv dhbsqv rfk kcst Jch jsv pk ifsvb zfïfrv dbje sysq dbb. zfidb ˆjf rstW -zfïfrv Wqflf- dkdb hf¦lfv lczf jhct jsvb; pdl ndEj dbqsm rq. bfƒhf yfƒstb ‰ dhkdjGk nmsq! kfYfVf bfmfspv dHkv mcbfufskv ‰ bqbfdHvfm hfdoyfq iafq zfede ²¿fsb lczf jvfv ncspfo vsqsY; kfjhDsv kfrvDmfv iv, v¢jcsk, jWmfsk, dnulfq, lcƒ dnulfv mfsU, kfwfrùsl, v¢jcv iCshG zKhf isv jcbCsk ˆhQ jcvzfb ifEjfst vrmskv zfqfk ˆst vrmk sysq ˆhQ zfpfshv zfqfk ˆst zfpfh sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jsv bfmfpD lczf jsv Kfsj. (Ikùt hfvD 11/136) zfv …ÙÁ ²¿fbocdtsk dj dbsq lczf jvshb kf skf iCshGv idvs¤Ylocdtsk susbsYb. nckvfQ kocstf ²¿fb dj zfibfv ubA psKó bq? dj§Â lc}sJv dhNq zsbsj sn nh lczfsj sjht bfmfp hstƒ ufsb W sysb. lczf hst bq. Ist iCBG nmKGb jsv ufmfzfkD lczfsj. rqskf hf kfv jfvB ˆƒ sp, mcJ²¿ jsv lczf jvf jójv hAfifv, zKy bfmfspv iv ufmfzfsk sjmb zfvfmsn sjht `zfmDb-zfmDb' htstƒ lczf W nrsu djd²Àmfk rsq pfq! i[f§Àsv ƒmfm nfsrh dj lczf jvstb kfv Jhv sbƒ, lczfv zsKGv iadk sJ]fu sbƒ, lczfv iadk msbfspfo sbƒ - ˆmb lczfq It sjfKfq? mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfv susb svsJf sp, zfïfr dhn¹xk W …lfnDb r™lq sKsj lczf mÓcv jsvb bf.« (dkvdmpD 3479 bQ) lczf dhlzfskv Iskfqf wcsb zsbsjv zsbj vjm zdHspfo. sj… hstb, `lczf …sE pfs¤Y, djYc dlb iv bfmfpW …sE pfsh rqskf!' zKy lczf W bfmfp ˆj bq. bfmfp rt äDsbv J]cde. zfv bfmfspv iv rfk kcst lczf skf dHdÙrDb. nckvfQ pfv dHk sbƒ, kf de]sj sjmsb? ˆj mndusl ufmfzfskv nmq rsq ˆsndYt. Wpc jvsk slvD rWqfq zfmfslv zsi[f jvdYt ufmfzfk. ˆj nfsrh jfvB ufbsk yfƒst sj… htstb, `zfvshv mfWtfbf Wpc jvsYb, ˆjec Kfmcb.' dj§Â yeX jsvƒ ˆj nfsrh hst …Estb, `zfvshv


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stfjslv lczf bf rst yst, Wpc bf rstW skf ytsh!' zsbsj hstb, `jìstv sv]fqf hfYsk nh swN.' hÙÁfv LfvBfmsk wvDqskv nhdjYcƒ jìstv sv]fqf. zKGf{ Ivp, ncâk, bIt, dhlzfk nhƒ nmfb! zKy iajxkis[ dhlzfk …s¤Yl jìstv sv]fqf hfYf bq; hvQ Ict hfofsbv zfofYf zKhf Lfbs[skv sUfVf hfYf. zsbsj hstb, `ifqufmf Jfefsk Jfefsk swNjfst slJdY zf×fviAf¦e rsq pfsh!' `dYt sT]dj rt wCt, jfesk jfesk dbmGCt - rsq pfsh.' zKGf{ Ivp bfmfspv iv rfk kcst lczf …sE sost spb l¶Dsbv mCt zQw hfl isV sot! ]slv dbjse mcdV-mcVdjv nmfb lv. jfj-sjfdjstv sjfb ifKGjA sbƒ. zKy ƒntfsm zdkvÓsbv ²¿fb sbƒ. ƒntfsm sjfb djYc ˆmb sbƒ pfsk nQspfub jvf pfsh zKhf djYc rafn jvf pfsh. hfVdk bJ-yct jfef zhwA hfdÒk, zfÌct hf mfKf jfef bq. ifqufmf o]fsev dbsy Ucst vf²Àfv mqtf tfost zhwAƒ ÎfbDoB kf sjse o]fsev …iv ipG§À jsv sbb. jfvB k]fvf ufsbb sp, o]fsev dbsy jfiV ivf rfvfm. nckvfQ ziasqfubDq hfVdk zQw jfef skf njstv dbje Îfb W dhÎfb-n©mk. zfv hfVdk zQw jfestƒ sp zfnt zQwW jfef pfsh kf uv¢vD bq. zhwA p]fslv dbjse zfnt-bjstv sjfb ifKGjA-Îfb sbƒ k]fslv jKf ök§Ã. kfYfVf hfVdk W shwD jvfv iasqfub sjfKfq? z¬i smrbsk It W jfu ˆjƒ rst snefƒ psKó W „d¨nk bq dj? bsy{ `yfNfv yfN jvf slsJ yfN jvst sofqft, Lfsbv nsÌ sJ]fu bfƒ shfUf shfUf sifqft' rsh bf dj? zsbsj hstb, `W]vf dj ufbskb bf, p]fvf ˆkdlb dbqdmkHfsh lczf jsv sostb?' dj§Â ˆv …Ùsv zfmvfW iaw jvsk ifdv, `W]vf dj ufbskb bf, p]fvf jJsbf mcbfufk jsv pfb db, hf ufsbb bf p]fvf ˆJsbf mcbfufk jsvb bf ?' nckvfQ ltDtƒ iamfB jvsh sj ufbskb zfv sj ufbskb bf. i[f§Àsv p]fvf ƒudkrfsl Hct jsv sosYb, zfïfr k]fslv Hct [mf jvshb ˆhQ k]fvf ˆjde sbjDv zdLjfvDW rshb. zkˆh p]fvf bf susb jsv sosYb k]fslvsj dhlzfkD htfv zdLjfvW jfsvf sbƒ. ksh ndEjkf ufbfv iv kfv dlsj iakAfhkGb jvf zhwAƒ Wqfsuh. zsbsj hstb, lczf skf Hfstf dudbn. Wsk [dk dj? dj§Â Hfstf rstƒ sp hfVdk jvfv zdLjfv zfsY, kf bq. bfmfp Hfstf hst 2 vfjzfskv ²¿fsb 3 vfjzfk shwD iVf pfq bf. lv™l Hfstf rstW ufmfzfkD nmösv hf l]fdVsq djqfm jsv lv™l iVf pfq bf. ˆƒ hfVdk jvfv bfmƒ skf dhlzfk. zsbsj hstb, `lczf …sE sot kfƒ skf bfbf jó, bfbf dhil-zfil slJf dls¤Y mcndtm nmfsu.' zhwA ˆmb stfsjvf bfmfspv iv rfk kcst lczf YfVf zfv zbA lczf sysbb bf. kfƒ skf sj… Ivp bfmfspv iv mcbfufk bf jvst zsbsj jcvzfsbv zfqfk sKsj ltDt …Ýxk jsv kfsj ufrfâfmD hfdbsq Kfsjb! jfvB zfïfr hstb,


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ªskfmfslv iadkiftj hstb, skfmvf zfmfv dbje lczf jv, zfdm kf jhct jvh. pfvf zrQjfsv zfmfv ƒhflk (lczf) jvfq dhmcJ kfvf tfdÒk rsq ufrfâfsm iashw jvsh.« (nCvf mcdmb 60 zfqfk) htfƒ hfùtA sp, ˆmb hÙÁfv dbje lczf ˆhQ Ivp bfmfspv iv rfk kcst lczfv mfsU sjfb ifKGjAƒ sbƒ. kfƒ skf sU]fi bf hcsUƒ sjfi smsv Kfsjb! zsbsj hstb, `Ivp bfmfspv iv ‰v™i lczf jvsk dbsNL zfsY dj?' dj§Â dbsNL bf Kfjst pdl jvf spk, kfrst skf hù djYc jvf pfq. zfpfb W bfmfp Hfstf dudbn hst njft 9efq zfpfb dlsq ufmfzfk jsv bfmfp iVsk ifdv dj? jfvB ‰ nmq ‰ zfmt skf dbsNL bq. ksh lv™sl nmövsj sjb dhlzfk hdt, nmösv lv™l skf dbsNL bq---ƒkAfdl. ˆv™i mcbfufk sbƒ kfv iamfB rt rflDsn hf zfnfsv kfv …sïJ sbƒ. iv§Â sjfb ƒhflk `sbƒ' iamfB jvsk ltDstv iasqfub rq bf; jfvB `sbƒ' ˆv ltDtƒ rt jcvzfb-rflDsn ˆv …sïJ sbƒ. zhwA `zfsY' iamfB jvsk ±ió ltDt uv¢vD. kfƒ skf sp jmG jvsk dbdNÝ hst iamfB zfsY kf jvfsj `rfvfm' hst, `dhlzfk' bq. i[f§Àsv pf `zfsY' hst iamfB sbƒ kf äDb W Hfstf msb jsv jvfsjƒ bkcbk¶ hf dhlzfk hst. zfv mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfmfslv ˆ (äDb) hAfifsv bkcb djYc …ßfhb jvsh pf kfv ipGfqHcÙÁ bq, kf iakAfJAfk.« (hcJfvD, mcndtm, dmwjfk 140bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ ˆmb zfmt jsv, pfsk zfmfslv sjfb dbslGw� sbƒ, kf iakAfJAfk.« (mcndtm 1718bQ) ªzfv bhvdyk jmGnmCr sKsj lCsv sKsjf. jfvB, bhvdyk jmG rt dhlzfk ˆhQ iaskAj dhlzfkƒ ëókf.« (mcnbfsl zfrml, zfhc lf†l, dkvdmpD, ƒhsb mfufr, dmwjfk165bQ) ªzfv iaskAj ëókfƒ rt ufrfâfsm.« (nrDr bfnf„ 1487bQ) nckvfQ dhlzfskv Hfstf-m¦l djYc sbƒ. hvQ kfv nhefƒ m¦l. zfv pf dhlzfk, kf uv¢vD msb bf jsv jvstW dhlzfk ˆhQ jJsbf jJsbf jvfW dhlzfk. bsy{ ˆv iamfsB ltDt uv¢vD. spmb pdl hdt, `djqfm jvf dhlzfk, ksh uv¢vD bf msb jsv jvf dhlzfk bq hf jJsbf jJsbf jvf dhlzfk bq' ksh dbÇyq kf pcdÙÁnÌk bq. klbcv™i Ivp bfmfspv iv rfk kcst lczf pdl dhlzfkƒ rq ksh kf zuv¢vD msb jsv jJsbf jJsbf jvf sjfb pcdÙÁsj lCNBDq rsh bf? idvswsN ˆJfsb ƒhsb mn…l ˆv ˆjde jKf n¹vB jdvsq slWqf nÌk msb jdv; dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf zbcnvB jv, bkcb djYc vybf jsvf bf. jfvB skfmfslv ubA kfƒ psKó. zfv skfmvf icvfkb i§¿fƒ zhtìb jv.« (dntdntf pqDIfr 2/19) (Ivp bfmfspv iv ˆjfjD hf ufmfzfkD mcbfufk dhlzfk rWqf iansÌ Iskfqf slJcb. (mh} 17/55, 20/147, 24/70, 92, I…}1/367, mcm} 3/277-282, Iƒ} 1/319, iaHxdk)

nhswsN, rfk kcst mcbfufk sbƒ hst nftfm dIvfv ivivƒ …sE ncâk iVsk tfof zKhf ia²¿fb jvf ˆhQ dpjXv-zfpjfv kAfo jvf zhwA …dyk bq.


154

bbbfffvvvDDD---iiicc cvvv ¢¢¢sssNNNvvv bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv iiiÝÝÝdddkkk ��ˆjjjƒƒƒ icv¢N W mdrtfv bfmfspv iÝdk ˆjƒ iajfv. nckvfQ mdrtfW ‰v™i ˆjƒ kvDjfq bfmfp iVsh, spv™i W sp kvDjfq icv¢N isV Kfsj. jfvB, (bfvD-icv¢N …Hq ufdkv) …©mksj nsìfLb jsv vnCt � hstsYb,�ªskfmvf snƒv™i bfmfp iV, spv™i zfmfsj iVsk slsJY.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 683bQ) zfv …Hsqv bfmfp ixKj rWqfv hAfifsv sjfb ltDtW sbƒ. nckvfQ sp zfslw wvDqk icv¢Nslvsj jsvsY, sn zfslw mdrtfslv ubAW ˆhQ sp nfLfvB zfslw mdrtfslvsj jsvsY kfW icv¢Nslv s[sÛ�iftbDq -pdl dhswN rWqfv hAfifsv sjfb iajfv ltDt bf Kfsj. spmb, ªpfvf nkD mdrtfslv …iv dmKAf zihfl zfsvfi jsv, zk}iv yfvub nf[D …id²¿k jsv bf, kfslv ubA wfd²À rt 80 sjfVf---.« (jc} 24/4) iv§Â�pdl sj… sjfb n{ icv¢Nsj zbcv™i zihfl slq, ksh kfv ubAW ‰ ˆjƒ wfd²À iaspfuA. nckvfQ mdrtfvfW kfslv bfmfsp icv¢Nslv mkƒ rfk kctsh, diE tìf jsv v¢jC jvsh, dnulfq ufbc rsk sie W ifsqv vtfsj lCsv svsJ diE snfuf jsv dnulfr jvsh. kfwfrXùslW snƒv™i hnsh, spv™i icv¢Nvf hsn. …s©m lfvlf (vf}) k]fv bfmfsp icv¢sNv mkƒ hnskb. zfv dkdb ˆjub IjDr dYstb. (zfkX-kfvDJcn n¶foDv, hcJfvD 95ix}, hc}, Ihf} 2/355)

zfv mdrtfslv uVnV rsq dnulfr jvfv hAfifsv sjfb rflDn nrDr bq. (dnp} 2652 bQ) ˆ ubAƒ ƒhvfrDm bfJqD (v}) hstb, `bfmfsp mdrtf ‰v™iƒ jvsh, spv™i icv¢N jsv Kfsj.' (ƒzfwf}, dnnfb} 189ix}) i[f§Àsv ltDstv dHdÙskƒ bfmfspv djYc hAfifsv mdrtfvf icv¢Nslv sKsj dHâv™i zfmt jsv Kfsj. spmb}- 1. shofbf icv¢N zfsw-ifsw Kfjst (survD bfmfsp) mdrtf nwsè jcvzfb iVsh bf. (mcm} 3/304) spmb sn iCBGfÌ�ilGfv nfsK bfmfp iVsh. kfYfVf�ˆjfdjbD rstW kfv sthfsn dhdHâ ifKGjA zfsY. 2. mdrtf mdrtfslv ƒmfmdk jvst icv¢Nslv mk nfmsb bf l]fdVsq jfkfsvv mfsU l]fVfsh. 3. ƒmfsmv Hct Ldvsq slWqfv …sÜswA mdrtf icv¢sNv mk `nchrf-bfïfr' bf hst rfkkfdt slsh. 4. mdrtf mfKfv yct sh]sL bfmfp iVsk ifsv, dj§Â�(tìf yct rst) icv¢N kf ifsv bf. ˆ nh hAfifsv ltDtnr dh²Àfdvk zfstfybf pKf²¿fsb�ûóhA. zsbj mdrtf zfsY, pfvf mndusl hf hfdVsk icv¢Nslv bfmfp iVf bf rst bfmfp isV bf. ˆef Hct. zfpfb rst hf bfmfspv nmq rst zfWqft zsÙÁ�bfmfp iVf mdrtfvW jkGhA. (mck¶fnf 188-189ix})


155

jjjcc cvvvzzzfffbbb mmmcc cJJJ²²²¿¿ ¿ ��bbbfff rrrsssttt jfsvf is[ jcvzfb mcJ²¿�sjfb iajfsv n©Hh bf rst, zKhf Ivp rWqfv iv k{iv mcJ²¿�jvfv ncspfo bf rst sn mcJ²¿�jvfv iCshGv bfmfpÈstfsk dj¶vfzfskv ²¿fsb `nchrf-bfïfr, ztrfmlc dtïf-r, ztf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr, zïf-ù zfjhfv, ztf rfWtf ztf j¶cWqfkf ƒïf dhïfr' htsh. (zflf} 832 bQ, ƒJc}, rf}, k¶fhf}, ƒdr}, ƒo} 303bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhDsj hstdYstb, ªzk}iv pdl skfmfv jcvzfb mcJ²¿�Kfsj, kfrst kf ifE jv. bsy{ kfrmDl (zftrfmlc dtïf-r), kfjhDv (zfïf-ù zfjhfv) W kfrtDt (tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr) iV.« (zflf} 861 bQ, dk}) nckvfQ jcvzfb mcJ²¿�rq bf hst hf jcvzfb mcJ²¿�sbƒ hst ˆƒ Wusv bfmfp mfI bq. kfnhDr-kfrtDt isVW bfmfp iVsk rsh ˆhQ kfv nfsK syóf Kfjsh mrfb zfïfrv mrfhfBD mcJ²¿�jvfv.

bbbfffmmmfffppp jjjfffsssqqqmmm rrrssshhh dddjjjHHHfffssshhh??? mrfb zfïfr jcvzfb mfuDsl W k]fv vnCstv mcsJ zfmfslvsj bfmfp iVsk W jfsqm jvsk hstsYb. nckvfQ bfmfp iVfƒ psKó�bq; bfmfp jfsqm jvf uv¢vD. zfv bfmfp jfsqm rsh kJbƒ, pJb bfmfpD bfmfspv wkGfhtD, v¢jXb, Ivp hf Wqfsuh iaHxdk iftb jsv hfdrAjHfsh ˆhQ kfv zfLAfdk¹j dhNqfhtD iadkôf jsv zf§ÀdvjHfsh bfmfp zflfq jvsh. zfv kJbƒ bfmfp snƒ bfmfp rsh, sp bfmfp ifi W sbfQvf jfu rsk bfmfpDsj dhvk vfsJ. bfmfspv hfdrAj dljef djHfsh iadkôf jvsk rsh kf zfmvf iCshGƒ susbdY. ˆhfsv kfv zfLAfdk¹j dljef djHfsh iadkôf jvf pfsh kfƒ zfstfdykhA. zf§Àdvj dhNqfhtDv msLA r™lq …id²¿k svsJ�ˆjfoakf W msbfdbshswv nfsK bfmfp iVfƒ iaLfb. ˆv nsÌ�Kfjsh msbv jfjcdk-dmbdk, zbcbq-dhbq, nhGmrfb dhw¶fdLidk ˆhQ ˆjmfÛ�iaHc W�…ifsnAv n©mcsJ làfqmfb rsq z§Àsv Kfjsh dbvdkwq zflh, HdÙÁ�W dhbdk. zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªmc'dmboB zhwAƒ nItjfm rsqsY; pfvf dbsuslv bfmfsp dhbq-bma---.« (jc} 23/1) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsp mcndtm hAdÙÁv dbjse sjfb Ivp bfmfp�…id²¿k rq, zk}iv sn ‰ bfmfspv Wpc, jfjcdk-dmbdk W v¢jC nc¦lvHfsh jsv, kfrst ˆv Ist jfhDvf sofbfr bf jvst kfv iCshGjfv sofbfrnmCsrv kfv ubA jfIXIfvf rsq pfq. zfv ˆv™i rq nh nmsqv ubA. (mc}, dm} 286 bQ) ªsp mcndtm hAdÙÁ�nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv, zk}iv JfVf rsq sn kfv slr-mb dbsq ˆjfoakfv nfsK 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV, sn hAdÙÁv ubA ufâfk Wqfsuh rsq pfq.« (mc} 234 bQ)


156

dhbdkv mfsb ˆƒ bq sp, bfmfpDsj bfmfsp j]flsk rsh. dhbdk rt r™lsqv …id²¿dk W nhGfsÌv d²¿vkfv bfm. (mcm} 3/456) zkˆh ˆjfoakf, msbfspfo W dhbdkv nfsK zfidb zfibfv bfmfp jfsqm jvsk yfƒst dbsmÙÁ jsqjde�…islw oarB jv¢b }- 1. zfidb sp bfmfp iVsYb kf dbÇyq�ˆjmfÛ�zfïfrv …sÜswA. nckvfQ zfïfrv n§Âdó�tfsHv�…sÜswA, k]fv�ùjcm iftbfsKG, k]fv iadk dhswN zbcvfo, HdÙÁ�W siam iajfwfsKG, k]fv SbjeA W Hfstfhfnf zuGsbv zfwfq, k]fv zfpfshv Hsq, k]fv nWqfh W [mfv jfmbfskƒ zfidb bfmfp iVcb. 2. bfmfsp l]fdVsq zfidb msb jv¢b sp, zfïfrv Jfn lvhfsv zfidb rfduv rsqsYb. zfidb spb k]fsj slJsYb, dkdb zfvswv …iv vsqsYb. snJfb rskƒ dkdb nfvf nxdóv iadk nC[¹�lxdó�svsJsYb. dkdb zfibfv bfmfp iVfW slJsYb. zhwA k]fv sjfb iajfv zfjfv W iadkmCdkG msb j¬ibf jvshb bf. jfvB, k]fv mk sjfb djYcƒ sbƒ. zfidb zfibfv mmGmCst Hfhcb sp, dkdb zdhbw¶v, dyvÓDh, nhGswafkf, nhGûóf, mrfivfÛÁmwftD, dhÎfbmq. dkdb zfslw jsvb, dbsNL jsvb, Hfstfhfsnb zfhfv sÛÁfLfd¦hkW rb. hf¦lfv sjfbW sofib hf iajfwA jKf hf jmG k]fv dbje Èå�bq. njt dhNsq dkdb ndhswN zhdrk.�ªy[cv Yt-yfrdb�ˆhQ r™lq pf sofib jsv kf dkdb ufsbb.« (jc} 40/19) ˆƒ iakAsqv nfsK nfsK k]fv ubA zfibfv z§Àsv pKfKG kf'pDm, HdÙÁ,�zbcvfo, HDdk, siam, zfoar, zfwf, Hvnf, dhbdk iaHxdk nmshk rsh. ecse pfsh nfQnfdvj njt háb.�ðLc de]sj Kfjsh zfïfr W zfibfv mfsU mcbfufskv W dbvftfq oHDv zftfsiv háb. 3. bfmfsp l]fdVsq zfidb ±mvB jv¢b, zfibfsj mvskƒ rsh ˆhQ dIsv spsk rsh snƒ dhwft hflwfv dbje, p]fv nfmsb zfidb làfqmfb zfsYb, zfv drnfhW tfosh k]fv jfsY njt jfsuv. Lsv dbbX rqskf zfibfv ˆef swN bfmfp. nftfm dIsv rqskf zfv bfmfspv ncspfo ifshb bf. spb zfidb zfibfv diaqksmv dbje sKsj dhlfqjfst swN nf[f{ jvsYb, swN jKf htsYb W swN zfshlb ufdbsq dbs¤Yb. zfv ˆƒ nmq dj zfidb zfibfv syfsJv ifdb v¢sJ vfJsk ifsvb? ˆƒ mcrCskG dj zfibfv mb zbA dlsj Ycesk ifsv? diaq bhD � hstb, ªkcdm skfmfv bfmfsp mvBsj n¹vB jv. jfvB, mfbcN pJb kfv bfmfsp mvBsj n¹vB jsv, kJb pKfKGƒ sn kfv bfmfpsj nc¦lv jsv. zfv kcdm snƒ hAdÙÁv mk bfmfp iV, sp msb jsv bf sp,�ˆ�YfVf sn zbA bfmfp iVsk ifvsh. kcdm iaskAj snƒ jmG sKsj lCsv Kfj, pf jsv skfmfsj (zisvv dbjse) [mf yfƒsk rq. (mcnbfsl sIvlf†n, dnn} 1421, nuf} 849 bQ) ˆj hAdÙÁ�bhD��ˆv dbje …id²¿k rsq htt, zfmfsj nQs[si djYc�…islw dlb. dkdb htstb,�ªpJb kcdm skfmfv bfmfsp l]fVfsh kJb (mvB isKv idKsjv dhlfq


157

sbWqfv nmq) swN bfmfp iVfv mk bfmfp iV.�ˆmb jKf hstf bf, pf hst (zisvv dbje) [mf yfƒsk rq. zfv stfsjslv rfsk pf zfsY kf sKsj n©iCBGHfsh dbvfw rsq pfW.« (hc} kfvDJ, ƒmf} 4171 bQ, zf} 5/412, hf}, dnn} 401 bQ) zfv ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstsYb, ªkcdm (mvB isKv idKsjv dhlfq sbWqfv nmq) swN bfmfp iVfv mk bfmfp iV. (msb msb jv,) spb kcdm zfïfrsj slJY, bsy{ dkdb skfmfsj slJsYb---.« (k¶fhf}, hf}, iamcJ dnn} 1914 bQ) 4. msb jv¢b zfidb zfïfrv nfsK jKf htsYb ˆhQ zfïfr zfibfv jKf ðbsYb W uWqfhW dls¤Yb. jfvB, mrfb zfïfr hstb, `zfdm bfmfpsj zfmfv W zfmfv hf¦lfv mfsU zfLfzfdL Hfo jsv dbsqdY. zfv zfmfv hf¦lfv ubA kfƒ vsqsY, pf sn iafKGbf jsv.' nckvfQ hf¦lf pJb hst, `zftrfmlc dtïfdr vfdêt zf'-tfmDb.' kJb zfïfr hstb, `zfmfv hf¦lf zfmfv iawQnf jvt ---.' (mc}, dm} 823 bQ) zfidb msb jv¢b, zfidb k]fv nfsK ˆjf§À dbvftfq zftfib jvsYb. nckvfQ jfsvf nfsK dbHxk zftfsi jfsb-jfsb jKf htfv nmq zfibfv mb W sJqft dj zbA dlsj Kfjsk ifsv? mrfbhD � hstb, ªzhwAƒ bfmfpD kfv iaHcv nfsK dbuGsb zftfi jsv ---.« (mf}, zf}, dm} 856 bQ) 5. bfmfsp sJqft jv¢b. zfidb ˆj zivfLD, [mfv dHJfvD. zfidb ˆj itfkj lfn, zbckå�rsq k]fv zbcoar-iafKGD. zfidb�ˆjub�lchGt [mkfrDb, [mkfv dHJfvD. zfidb�ˆjub db}ö�znrfq, nfrfpA W nrfqkfv zdHtfND. iKëó,�iK-dbslGswv zfwfLfvD. dj¾ó�W iDdVk, dbvfiÙf W dbvfmsqv dHJfvD. v¢pDrDb, v¢pDv dHJfvD. zfv msb vfJcb sp, ˆnh dH[f zfidb k]fv lvuf YfVf zbA jfsvf lvufq ifshb bf, sisk ifsvb bf. kfƒ skf zfidb iaskAj vfjzfsk hst Kfsjb, ªzfmvf sjht skfmfvƒ ƒhflk jsv Kfdj ˆhQ skfmfvƒ dbje nfrfpA dH[f jdv.« (nCvf Ifdkrf/4) 6. bfmfsp zfibfv y[c wDkt srfj. r™lq-mb Hsv …Ecj wfd§À W öd²Àsk. …iwm srfj njt iajfv hAKf W shlbfv. mrfbhD � hstb, ªbfmfsp zfmfv y[c wDkt jvf rsqsY.« (zf}, bf}, rf}, hf}, nuf} 3124 bQ) ˆjlf dkdb dhtft sj htstb, ªbfmfspv ƒjfmk dlsq kÜ¶fvf zfmfslvsj wfd§À lfW, sr dhtft!« (zflf} 4985, dm} 1253 bQ) zkˆh zfidbW zfibfv msbv ivm wfd§À bfmfspƒ Jc]su ifshb. 7. ˆƒ nmq zfidb dmdó�ncsv nc¦lv dj¶vfzfk jv¢b. slJshb, pk iVshb kk zfsvf iVsk mb rsh. dj¶vfzfk YfVskƒ ƒ¤Yf rsh bf. snƒ nmq mcbfufskv ˆmb ˆj dmó�öfl zfsY, pf kAfo jvskƒ mb rsh bf. ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk rst msb rsh bfmfp zfsvf tìf srfj. 8. zfv bfmfp pdl zfibfv y[cv wDktkf rq kfrst dbÇyqƒ sjfb bfmfp zfibfv is[ Hfdv rWqf …dyk bq. kf ˆj iajfv shfUf msb jvf ˆhQ nmq rst kf sjfb vjm zflfq jsv bfdmsq bf slWqf ipG§À zöd²À shfL jvsk KfjfW …dyk bq. jfvB


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bfmfpsj Hfdv msb jvf mcbfdIsjv ydvÛ�W t[B.�‰�slJcb bf, zfïfr kfv nf[A dlsq hstb, ªmcbfdIjvf --- pJb bfmfsp l]fVfq, kJb SwdKstAv nfsK sjht stfj-slJfsbfv ubA l]fVfq ˆhQ zfïfrsj kfvf z¬iƒ n¹vB jsv.« (jc} 4/142) ªzfv kfvf zftnA Hvf mb dbsq bfmfsp …id²¿k rq.« (jc} 9/54) diaq bhD � hstb, ªˆwf W Iusvv bfmfp mcbfdIjslv ubA nhsysq shwD Hfdv bfmfp.« (zflf}, bf}, dm} 1066 bQ) nckvfQ bfmfpsj Hfdv msb jvshb bf ˆhQ lfq nfvfv mk yeXieX isV dbsq dj jsv zhAfrdk dmst snƒ syófq Kfjshb bf. jfvB, ufsbb sp, wfd§Àv nmq nQs[i rq ˆhQ jsóv nmq tìf. zkˆh bfmfp pdl zfibfv ubA wfd§Àial rq, ksh zfibfsj msb rsh sp, kf yeX jsv swN rsq sot. i[f§Àsv pdl kf Hfdv W jólfqj msb jsv kfVfkfdV swN jvfv ubA zöd²ÀshfL jsv Kfsjb, kfrst sn bfmfspv nmq zfibfsj zfsvf tìf tfofvƒ jKf. iv§Â�mrfb zfïfr pdl zfibfv dbje diaqkm rb, ksh k]fv nfsK dbvftfq zftfi jvsk skf dhvdÙÁ�W zöd²ÀshfL jvfv jKf bq! 9. dj§Â�diaqksmv nfsK dbvftfq zftfisbv dmó öfl kJbƒ ifshb, pJb zfidb nÎfsb kfv nfsK jKf htshb. bsy{, ifot spmb iatfi hsj sjfb wfd§À ifq bf, skmdb zfidbW ifshb bf. nckvfQ bfmfsp zfidb pf htsYb, kf n©iCBG bf rstW smfefmcde hcsU htcb. pf htsYb, kf ndEjHfsh htcb. bsy{ zfidb dj htsYb, kf pdl zfidb dbsuƒ bf shfsUb zKhf `lflf' htsk `ofLf' hstb, kfrst dbÇyqƒ snƒ zftfsi muf ifshb bf, dhLfq ItW rsh zidvBk hf dhivDk. ‰ slJcb bf, diaq bhD � hstb, ªzhwAƒ bfmfpD kfv iadkiftsjv nfsK dbvftfq zftfi jsv. nckvfQ sn dj zftfi jvsY, kf spb sn t[A jsv.« (mf}, zf}, dm} 856 bQ) pdl zfidb hcsU W sJqft jsv nCvf kKf lczf-lv™l isVb, kfrst kfv It sp nc¦lv W dmó�rsh kf dbdÇyk.�‰�Istv hAfifsv vnCt � hstb,�ªpJbƒ sjfb mcndtm iCBGv™si WpC jsv bfmfp iVsk l]fVfq ˆhQ (kfsk) pf htsY kf sn hcsU, kJbƒ sn iaKm dlsbv dwwcv mk (db°ifi) rsq bfmfp n©iâ jsv.« (zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}, rf}, nkf} 183, 544 bQ)

bfmfsp `v™r' hf `ufb' zfbsk sp dudbn shwD nfrfpA jsv, kf rt bfmfsp pf iVf hf htf rq kfv zKG hcUf. zbAKfq bfvsjstv sJfnf bf sHsÌ�…isv jfmV dlst spmb bfvsjstv�öfl ifWqf pfq bf, iv§Â�smrbk hvhfl W l]fsk lvl rq, zbcv™i zfvhD sHsÌ�bf hcsU bfmfp iVst bfmfspvW sjfb�öfl ifWqf pfq bf. kfsk dhswN kxdå�W IttfH rq bf. diaq bhD � hstb, ªhf¦lf bfmfp isV, zKy kfv bfmfspv 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 zKhf 2 Hfsov 1 Hfo mfÛ�(jhct hst) dtdihÝ�rq!« (zflf} 796 bQ, bf}) htfƒ hfùtA sp, pfv bfmfp pk mrfbhD � ˆv ncâfr smfkfshj ˆhQ v™rdhdwó�rsh, kfv bfmfp kk iCBGfÌ�W shwD wcÝ�rsh. bsy{, snƒ jdm zbcnfsv nWqfhW jm rsk


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Kfjsh. mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªsr „mfblfvoB! skfmvf sbwfv zh²¿fq bfmfspv dbjehkGD rsqf bf, pk[B bf skfmvf dj htY kf hcUsk ifv---.« (jc} 4/43) nckvfQ mfljûshAv mk ŠlfnA, ofItdk, sJt-kfmfwf, ifdKGh n©il ˆhQ (bfmfpD bfmfsp pf htsY kf hcUsk syóf�bf jvfv) zftnA pfsj sbwfoa²À jsv svsJsY sn dj bfmfspv dbjse zfnfv zspfoA bq? ItjKf, nhGiajfv mfljkf, sbwf, ŠlfnA W zmsbfspfdokf sKsj idhÛ�rsq zfïfrv lvhfsv …id²¿k rsq k]fv nfsK zftfi jvfƒ mc'dmsbv jkGhA. 10. bfmfspv dHkv zfidb zfibfv zfk¹f W wqkfsbv dhv¢sÝ�tVfƒ jv¢b. zfidb bfmfsp mb hnfstW wqkfb dj§Â�zfibfv diYb YfsV bf. kfƒ skf zsbj Hcst pfWqf jKf bfmfsp msb isV Kfsj. mrfbhD � hstb, ªbfmfspv ubA zfpfb slWqf rst wqkfb iflsk iflsk ˆk lCsv iftfq, spJfsb zfpfb swfbf pfq bf. zfpfb swN rst zfhfv dIsv zfsn. ƒjfmk wcv¢ rst icbvfq iftfq. ƒjfmk swN rst bfmfpDv jfsY ˆsn kfv msb dhdHâ jcm§ÃBf zfbqb jsv hst,�`ˆef msb jv, Wef msb jv.'�ˆƒHfsh bfmfpDv pf msb dYt bf kf msb jdvsq slq. ˆv Ist bfmfpD swsN jk vfjzfk bfmfp iVt kf ufbsk ifsv bf.« (hc} 608 bQ, mc}, zflf}, bf}, lf}, mf}, zf} 2/313) …nmfb dhb zfhct zfn mrfbhD � ˆv dbje …id²¿k rsq zfvu jvstb, sr zfïfrv vnCt! wqkfb zfmfv W zfmfv bfmfp ˆhQ dj¶vfzfskv mfsU z§Àvft W softmft nxdó�jsv. (h]fyfv�…ifq dj?)' dkdb htstb,�ªWef rt `dJbpfh' bfmj�ˆj wqkfb. nckvfQ�‰v™i zbcHh jvst kcdm zfïfrv dbje Wv sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jsvf ˆhQ skfmfv hfm dlsj 3 hfv KcKc smsvf.« …nmfb hstb, ˆv™i jvst zfïfr zfmfv dbje sKsj wqkfsbv ‰ jcm§ÃBf lCv jsv slb. (mc} 2203 bQ) 11. bfmfsp l]fdVsq zfibfv lxdósj dEj dnulfv ufqofq dbhÝ�vfJcb. kfwfrùsl hsn lxdó�vfJcb wfrflskv zfÌcstv�…iv.�ˆsk zfibfv mb nufo W nkjG Kfjsh.�ˆ�hAfifsv rflDn iCshG�…sïdJk rsqsY. 12. …iv dlsj Jhvlfv buv kctshb bf. zfïfrv vnCt � bfmfp iVsk iVsk zfjfswv dlsj lxdó�kcst slJsk dbsNL jsvsYb. dkdb hstsYb, ªstfsjslv dj rsqsY sp, Wvf bfmfspv msLA Wslv lxdó zfjfswv dlsj skfst?« ˆ hAfifsv k]fv hÙÁhA Jch jsEfv rsq …Et. idvswsN dkdb htstb, ªzdk zhwAƒ Wvf ˆ jfu rsk dhvk srfj, bsy{ Wslv y[c dYdbsq sbWqf rsk ifsv.« (hc}750bQ, zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}) bhD � zfsvf hstb, ªbfmfspv msLA zfjfswv (…isvv) dlsj lxdóifk jvf rsk stfsjvf zdk zhwAƒ dhvk srfj, bsy{ Wslv lxdó zfv dIsv bf-W zfnsk ifsv. (Wvf zá rsq spsk ifsv!)« (mc}428bQ) 13. zfv ˆdlj-sndljW kfjfshb bf. syfvf W sevf busv sjfb djYc slJshb bf.


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jfvB, ˆƒ lxdó�zfjNGB W ycdv jvf wqkfsbv jfu. (hc} 751bQ, zflf}) hf¦lf pdl kfv bfmfsp ˆdlj-Wdlj lxdó�bf dIvfq, kfrst zfïfr kfv bfmfspv iadk dhswN zfoarD rb. (dk}, rf}, nkf} 550 bQ) hf¦lfv ˆdlj-Wdlj syrfvf dIdvsq dlst zfïfrW zfv sn bfmfspv iadk ë™s[i jsvb bf. (zflf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, nkf} 552 bQ) nckvfQ nfhLfb! zfibfv bfmfp sKsj mrfb zfïfr spb mcJ dIdvsq bf sbb ˆhQ lcwmb wqkfbW spb zfibfv bfmfp dY§Àfƒ jsv bf sbq. 14. zfidb bfmfsp l]fVfhfv zfso zfibfv n©mcJ rsk snƒ nm²À dudbnsj lCsv ndvsq slb, pf zfibfv buv sjsV sbsh, msbfspfo dYdbsq sbsh, sJqft zfjNGB jvsh W ˆjfoakf bó�jvsh hst zfwËf jsvb. ˆƒ ubAƒ diaq bhD � hstb, ªoxsr (mndusl) ˆmb sjfb dudbn Kfjf …dyk bq, pf bfmfpDsj mwÈt (zbAmbõ)�jsv sIst.« (zflf}, zf} 4/68, 5/380) ˆjlf dkdb bÆflfv jfisV bfmfp isV htstb,�ªzfdm�ˆv bÆfv dlsj�ˆjhfv kfjfst zfmfsj kf zfmfv bfmfp sKsj zmsbfspfoD jsv sItfv�…iÛÁm jsvdYt.« (hc}, mc}, mf}, ƒo} 376 bQ) mf zfsqwf ��2�4א��en�ˆv�ˆjde YdhpcÙÁ�jfiV efÌfsbf Kfjst sndlsj mcJ jsv bfmfp iVfv iv dkdb htstb,�ªˆefsj zfmfv dbje sKsj lCsv ndvsq lfW. jfvB,�ˆv YdhÈstf zfmfv bfmfsp hfLf nxdó�jvdYt.« (hc}, mc}, zfzf}, zf} 6/172) 15. bfmfspv iCshG zfidb ianafh-ifqJfbfv jfu snsv dbb ˆhQ ianafh hf ifqJfbfv yfi dbsq bfmfsp l]fVfb bf. jfvB, ˆsk bfmfsp mb hsn bf. rqskf hf kfVfùsVf jsv bfmfp swN jvsk rq zKhf bfmfsp zbAmbõkf zfsn. zbcv™i sise dJsl svsJ nfmsb Jfhfv …id²¿k Kfjst zKhf Jfhfsvv dlsj mb isV KfjstW bfmfsp l]fVfsbf�…dyk bq. jfvB�ˆsk bfmfp rq bf. (hc}, mc}, ƒzfwf}, ƒo} 8bQ) 16. ˆmb sjfb HfvD dudbn nsÌ�dbsq bfmfsp l]fVfshb bf, pfsk bfmfspv hlst�‰�Hfsvv iadkƒ zfibfv mb stso bf Kfsj. 17. ˆmb sjfb ²¿fsb hf sthfsn bfmfp iVsk wcv¢ jvshb bf, pfv lcoGá�zfibfsj zdkô jsv skfst. 18. ˆmb efƒeX-dIeX sthfn isv bfmfp iVshb bf, pfsk hnf-WEf jójv rq. 19. shilGf mdrtfvf pJb ofsq-mfKfq jfiV hf yflv dbsq bfmfp isV, kJb öfHfdhjHfsh kfslvsj ovm tfso. ˆsk bfmfsp mb hsn bf ˆhQ pk kfVfkfdV swN jsv yflv Jctsk ifq snƒ syóf jsv. nckvfQ bfmfpD rWqfv nfsK nfsK zfidb ilGfbwDb mdrtf rsk syóf jv¢b. spmb Wpc jvfv iv `smj-zfi' jvst pfsk bfmfspv zfso Wpc sHsÌ�dosq icbvfq Wpcsk kf bó�rsq bf pfq, kfv ubA kfVfkfdV bfmfp swN jvf�ˆhQ mfKfv yct sh]sL hf ycst Ict�È]su bfmfp iVsk iVsk ycstv W Icstv ifdvifeA bó�rWqfv zfwËfq hfvhfv WVbfv iadk sJqft jvfW bfmfsp zmsbfspfdokfv ltDt.


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20. ivsb ˆmb WVbf, jfiV, wft, yflv, hf wfdV rsk rsh, spb bfmfspv zh²¿fq kf hfvhfv isV bf pfq. bsy{, snfuf jvsk jvskƒ bfmfp swN rsh zKy bfmfsp mb Kfjfv idvhskG mb Kfjsh jfiV iVfv dlsj. i[f§Àsv pdl mdrtfslv mfKf, hcj, sie zKhf rfk hf ifsqv vtf sKsj jfiV nsv pfq, kfrst skf mCst bfmfpƒ bó�rsq pfsh. nckvfQ dhswN jsv mdrtfslv ubA�ˆ�dhNsq nkjGkf uv¢vD. 21. sjfb tesj vfJf jfu há�jsv - spmb ycstfv�…iv r]fdV svsJ bfmfp iVshb bf. jfvB,�ˆ�zh²¿fq bfmfsp mb bf sKsj mb isV Kfjsh�‰�ycstfv r]fdVv�…isvƒ. ifsY …s¬e bf pfq hf icsV bf pfq, ƒkAfdl. 22. n©Hh rst ˆmb ²¿fsb bfmfp iVcb, spJfsb Jch ovm zfibfsj zdkô jvsh bf ˆhQ Jch wDkW zfibfsj jfkv jsv sItsh bf. zbcv™i sp ²¿fsb Sr-ùsïfV, sy]yfsmdy hf softmft-oàsofstv Ist zfibfv bfmfsp ˆjfoakfv hAfOfk Ose, sn ²¿fsb bfmfp iVshb bf. (jfƒIf kfJwf„bf dIn n¶ftfr 19-24 û}) 23. zfibfv nfmsb sjfb Ocm§À hAdÙÁ�Kfjst�ˆhQ kfv jfiV nsv pfWqf hf Ocsmv sOfsv zfibfv bfmfspv�²¿fb lJt jvfv zfwËf rst sn ufqofq bfmfp iVsk l]fVfshb bf. zbcv™i sp hAdÙÁ�jKf htsY, kfsj nfmsb jsvW bfmfp iVshb bf.�ˆ�hAfifsv dbsNLfÎfW�ˆsnsY. (zflf} 694 bQ) 24. bfmfspv nmq Ocm ˆst pKfn©Hh kf lCv jsv bfmfp iVcb. bsy{, mb sp zfibfsj I]fdj slsh, kf htfƒ hfùtA. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq Ocsm Tctsk Kfjst sn spb�ˆjec wcsq Ocm kfdVsq sbq. bsy{, Tctsk Tctsk bfmfp iVsk Kfjst sn rqskf zfïfrv jfsY [mf yfƒsk dosq dbsusj ofdt dlsq hnsh.« (hc} 212 bQ, mc}, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}, mf}, lf}, zf} 6/56) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsj… bfmfsp Tctsk tfost sn spb Ocdmsq sbq. pfsk sn dj iVsY, kf hcUsk ifsv.« (hc} 213 bQ) zhwA ˆmb Ocm ShL bq, pfsk bfmfspv nmqƒ ifv rsq pfq. 25. zfidb bfmfp iVsYb kfv ubA dbsu dbsu odhGk bf rsq zfïfrv dbje jxkÎ�rb. spsrkc k]fv kWIDj lfsbv Istƒ zfidb ˆk hV ƒhflk iftsb n[m rsqsYb. „mfb, ƒhflk iaHxdk ˆj ˆjde zmCtA Lb W ˆj ˆjde dhswN zbcoar. zfv hf¦lfv pfhkDq Lb W zbcoar skf zfïfrvƒ lfb. (jc} 16/53) 26. zfidb zfïfrv hs¦loD W lfnk¶ jsvsYb. ˆƒ lfnk¶ zfibfv dEjmk rs¤Y dj bf, kf zfidb ufsbb bf. nckvfQ zfidb dbsuv Û¢de W zhsrtf�öDjfv jsv mbsj ƒhflk jhct bf rWqfv zfwËf W HDdk�äfvf idviCBG vfJcb. mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªzfv pfvf kfslv iadkiftsjv dlsj dIsv pfsh ˆƒ dhw¶fsn kfslv pf lfb jvfv kf Hq-Hq msb lfb jsv. kfvfƒ û¢k jtAfBjv jfu n©iflb jsv ˆhQ kfvf Wsk zoaofmD rq.« (jc} 23/60-61)


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mf zfsqwf ��2�4א��en�duÎfnfv Yst zfïfrv vnCt � sj htstb, `Wvf dj kfvf, pfvf ml Jfq, ycdv jsv (hf hAdHyfv jsv ˆhQ ˆv jfvsBƒ zfïfrsj Hq jsv)?' dkdb htstb, ªbf, sr dnÜDj-kbqf! hvQ (zfïfr kfslv jKf hstsYb) pfvf svfpf jsv, bfmfp isV, lfb-Jqvfk jsv, zKy kfvf ˆƒ Hq jsv sp, rqskf ˆnh kfslv jhct rsh bf.« (zf}, dk} 3175, ƒmf} 4198 bQ) zfidb pkƒ ƒhflk jv¢b bf sjb, kf iasqfusbv kctbfq sbrfkƒ jm. ufâfskv mCtA skf zhwAƒ bq. ˆ ubAƒ diaq bhD � hstb, ªsj…ƒ kfv zfmstv sufsv ufâfk spsk ifvsh bf.« htf rt, `zfidbW dj bb, sr zfïfrv vnCt?' htstb, ªzfdmW bƒ. ksh pdl zfïfr k]fv vrmk äfvf zfmfsj zf¤Yâ jsvb kfrst!« (hc} 5673, 6463, mc} 2816 bQ, iamcJ, û} n¶ftfkct mcdrêDb, ƒhbct jfƒdqm) ƒhbct ufWpD hstb, `sr snƒ bfmfpD! sp kfv slr dbsq bfmfsp làfqmfb zKy kfv r™lq zbcid²¿k! specjc hs¦loD kcdm jsvY kf skf shsrsñv smfrv rWqfv ubAW psKó�bq, shsrsñv mCtA rWqf skf lCsvv jKf.�ˆjlf�ˆjde�ƒ]lcv ˆj …e slsJ kfsj iY¦l jvt. (háck¶ oVfv zfwfq) sn kfv tfofm Lsv efb dlst …ede kfv zbcnvB jvt. zk}iv pJb …Hsq ƒ]lcsvv Osvv lvufq nfmsb …id²¿k rt, kJb Kmsj l]fdVsq�…e spb kfv Hfh-dusH htsk tfot, siam jvsk rst kcdm siadmsjv ubA�ˆmb Ov ia²Âk jv, pf skfmfv siadmsjv ubA�…ipcÙÁ�zKhf�ˆmb siadmj dbhGfyb jv, sp skfmfv Osvv�…ipcÙÁ. ˆƒ …lfrvB sKsj kcdm dw[f bfW, zfv ˆmb bfmfp iV pf skfmfv snƒ (dhwft ivfÛÁmwftD) mf'hCslv ubA …ipcÙÁ.�bsy{ ˆmb mf'hCl slJ, sp skfmfv bfmfspv …ipcÙÁ.'�(zft-mcldrw 472-473ix}) ˆƒ njt …islw pdl smsb ystb, kfrst ƒbwfzfïfr zfibfv bfmfsp v™r zfnsh ˆhQ kf jfsqm W iadkôf rsh. zfv ˆƒ bfmfpƒ rsh zfibfsj m¦l jfu rsk dhvkjfvD. ˆhfv ntsI nfstrDsbv dbje sKsj ˆjfoakfv djYc …sïJspfoA lxóf§À dbb. ƒbwfzfïfr zfidb kfsk zfsvf …{nfr W …ÜDibf ifshb.

bbbfffmmmfffsssppp nnntttIIIssslllvvv ˆjjjfffoooaa akkkfffvvv dddjjjYYYcc c bbbmmmcc cbbbfff `pfkcv dvjf' zdHpfsb mcndtmslv ˆj hAdÙÁ�ˆj mcwdvj mdrtfsj rkAf jsv sItst kfv�öfmD iadkÎf jvt sp, mcrf©mfslv nÌDslv msLA jfsvf vÙÁ�bf hrfsbf ipG§À sn [f§À rsh bf. ˆƒ nQj¬i dbsq sn mrfbhD � W k]fv nfrfhfslv sJ]fsu shv rsq iVt. ˆdlsj mrfbhD � ˆj mdÓst dhwafm dbsk zhkvB jvst nfrfhfosBv�…sÜswA htstb,�ªsj zfmfslv (dbvfiÙfv) ubA ifrfvf slsh?«�ˆƒ zfrhfsb nfVf


163

dlsq mcrfduvslv msLA ˆj hAdÙÁ�ˆhQ zfbnfvslv mLA rsk zfv�ˆj hAdÙÁ�ifrfvf dlsk ia²Âk rstb. k]fslvsj mrfbhD � htstb,�ªskfmvf�ˆƒ …ikAjfv mcsJ zh²¿fb jv.« zk}iv k]fvf lc'ub pJb …ikAjfv mcsJ si]ZYstb, kJb mcrfsuvD (dhwafsmv ubA) wqb jvstb ˆhQ zfbnfvD …sE bfmfp iVsk wcv¢ jvstb. ˆmkfh²¿fq�…ÙÁ�mcwdvj stfjde jfYfjfdY ˆsn pJb k]fv (bfmfpDv) zfhYf slr slJsk sit, kJb sn hcUt, dbÇyq W mcrf©mfslv Èåyv. nckvfQ k]fv iadk kDv dbs[i jvst kf ndEj dbwfbfq si]ZsY zfbnfvDsj zfOfk jvt. dkdb kDv slr sKsj shv jsv dlsq bfmfspƒ mwÈt Kfjstb.�ˆƒHfsh iviv dkb Jfbf kDv sJsq W kf shv jsv sIst v¢jc-dnulfr jsv n©iâ jvstb. zk}iv kfv mcrfsuvD nÌD suso�…Estb. mcwdvjde kfv jKf W]vf ufbsk sisvsYb sHsh ifdtsq sot.�ˆviv mcrfsuvD pJb zfbnfvDv vÙÁfÙÁ�slsrv iadk t[A jvstb, kJb hst�…Estb, `nchrfbfïfr! iaKm hfsvƒ pJb kDv mfvt, kJbƒ sjb zfmfsj ufdosq lfW db?' zfbnfvD …Ùsv htstb, `zfdm�ˆmb�ˆjde nCvf ifE jvdYtfm, pf swN bf jsv zfdm YfVsk iY¦l jvtfm bf!' (zflf} 198 bQ, zf}, lfvf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, rf}) zftD dhb ùnfƒb (v}) pJb bfmfspv ubA Wpc n©iâ jvskb, kJb k]fv slsr j©ib wcv¢ rk! ˆ hAfifsv k]fsj iaw jvf rst dkdb htstb, `dLjX skfmfslv iadk! skfmvf ufb dj, jfv nfmsb l]fVfsk pfd¤Y? jfv nfsK mcbfufk (dbuGsb zftfi) jvsk ystdY?' (drtqAfkct zfWdtqf 3/133) mcrf©mfl dhb mcbjfdlsvv hAfifsv jdKk zfsY sp, dkdb ˆj vfsÛ�bfmfp iVsk l]fdVsq j]flsk wcv¢ jvstb ˆhQ ˆk shwD j]flsk tfostb sp, k]fv Osvv stfj Hq sisq sot. kfvf k]fsj ˆk jfâfv jfvB duÎfnf jvt. dj§Â�sjfb�…Ùv sit bf. zhswsN k]fsj yci bf rsk slsJ kfvf zfhC rfspsmv dbje hAfifv Jcst htst dkdb k]fv dbje�ˆstb. slJstb, kJbW dkdb j]flsYb. zfhC rfspm htstb, `dj rt Hfƒ? j]flY sjb? skfmfv hfdVv stfsjvf sp Hq sJsq sosY! sjfb zncJ skf jsv db? zKhf dj rsqsY skfmfv?' mcrf©mfl htstb, `(bfmfsp jcvzfb mfuDslv) ˆjde zfqfk ifE jsv zfdm jfâf v¢Jsk ifvdY bf.' zfhC rfspm htstb, `sjfbX zfqfk?' htstb,

��+�ن�(L�4��3+�א�+E8��@� ��C/�א5C�@�<� א�� )و� zKGf{, (sndlb) zfïfrv kvI sKsj Wslv …iv ˆmb wfd²À ˆsn iVsh, pf Wvf (iCshG) j¬ibfW jsv db. (jc} 39/47) ˆ jKf ðsb zfhC rfspmW k]fv nfsK j]flsk�ðv¢ jsv dlstb ˆhQ jfâfv Lfvf zfsvf shsV sot! kf slsJ mcrf©mfslv hfdVv ˆjde stfj zfhC rfspmsj htt, `Wv dbuGbkf jfefhfv ubAƒ zfibfsj sFsj zfbtfm. (dj§Â�zfidbW sp Wv nfsK j]flsk


164

tfostb?) zk}iv k]fvf kfslvsj jfâfv jfvB hBGbf jvstb. (drtqAfkct zfWdtqf 3/146) zhwA mcbfufskv ˆ dmEf öfl kJbƒ zbcHCk rsh, pJb bfmfpD hcUsh sp, sn kfv bfmfsp jfsj W dj htsY. bsy{ ovm ifdbsk Ov sifVf n©Hh bq. spmb mcsJ dydb dydb htst dydbv dmó�öfl zbcHh rsh bf. mfƒmCb dhb dmrvfb hstb, mcrfsuvslv ˆj hAdÙÁ�ˆj hAdÙÁsj Jch rfîf bfmfp iVsk slsJ kfsj H{Gnbf jvstb. dj§Â�stfjde zucrfk sldJsq htt, `zfmfv�ˆjde lfmD dudbn bó�rWqfv jKf msb iVst bfmfp kfVfkfdV isV dbtfm.' mcrfsuvD htstb, `dj§Â�kfv sysq zdLj mCtAhfb�dudbn kcdm bó�jsv dlst!'�(‰�4/84)

bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv mmmsssLLLAAA pppfff jjjvvvfff SSShhhLLL bfmfp iVsk iVsk ˆmb djYc jfu zfsY pf jvf ShL, zKy nfLfvBk} kf zShL msb rq hf hV Hct Hfhf rq. ˆ vjm djYc jfu dbmv™i }- 1111. . . . jjjj]]]]flfflfflfflf;;;; bfmfp iVsk iVsk syfJ dlsq zwa¢ Uvf zKhf FcjXsv hf Èmsv sj]sl WEf lCNBDq bq. zfïfrv Hsq ˆmb jfâf j]flf k]fv sbj W dhbma hf¦lfv ShdwóA. mrfb zfïfr hstb, ª--- kfslv dbje jv¢Bfmq (zfïfrv) zfqfk ifE jvf rst kfvf tcdesq isV dnulf W ÛÁ¦lb jvk.« (jc} 19/58) zfècïfr dhb dwJXJDv hstb, `ˆjlf zfdm bhD � ˆv dbjse ˆtfm. kJb dkdb bfmfp iVdYstb. zfv k]fv dHkv sKsj ycstfv …iv r]fdVsk ifdb sIfefv mk jfâfv wè shv rd¤Yt.' zbA ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, `p]fkfv wsèv mk jfâfv wè shv rd¤Yt.' (zf}, zflf}, bf}, dm} 1000 bQ)

zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv zncJ pJb Jch shsV dosqdYt, kJb k]fsj bfmfspv nmq rsqsY htst dkdb htstb, ªskfmvf zfhC hfjfvsj bfmfp iVfsk ht.« zfsqwf ��2�4א��en�htstb, `zfhC hfjfv skf bvm-slstv mfbcN.�…db pJb jcvzfb isVb, kJb jfâf v¢Jsk ifsvb bf.' mrfbhD � htstb, ªskfmvf Wsj ht, Wƒ bfmfp iVfsh.« zfsqwf ��2�4א��en�icbvfq�‰�ˆjƒ jKf htst mrfbhD � W icb} htstb, ªWsj ht, Wƒ bfmfp iVfsh ---.« (hc}, dm} 1140 bQ) ˆ jfâf lDOG rstW kfsk bfmfp bó�rq bf. (Iƒ} 1/261) 2222. r]fdy W kfv ubA lczf;. r]fdy W kfv ubA lczf;. r]fdy W kfv ubA lczf;. r]fdy W kfv ubA lczf; bfmfspv msLA r]fdy ˆst r]fdyv iv dbdlGó�lczf ifE ShL. zfv snƒ lczfv hV IpDtkW vsqsY. jWmfv 5bQ lczf slJcb. 3333. . . . rfƒ skftfrfƒ skftfrfƒ skftfrfƒ skftf;;;; bfmfsp pdlW rfƒ skftf ShL, khcW spsrkc rfƒ zftnAudbk hf dbûfudbk jfvsB


165

mcJ hAflfsbfv bfm, kfƒ kf pKfn©Hh lmb jvf jkGhA. jfvB, bfmfsp bfmfpD zftnA ialwGb jvst wqkfb sJfw rq. diaq bhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA jfsvf pJb bfmfsp rfƒ zfsn, kJb kfv …dyk, kf pKfnfLA lmb jvf ˆhQ `rf-rf' bf htf. sjb bf, rfƒ wqkfsbv kvI sKsj zfsn. zfv sn kf slsJ rfsn.« (hc}, dm} 986 bQ) ªskfmfslv sj… rfƒ kctst sn spb kfv mcsJ rfk svsJ sbq. jfvB, wqkfb rfƒ-ˆv nfsK (mcsJ) iashw jsv pfq!« (zf}, hc}, mc}, zflf}, nuf} 426 bQ) 4444. . . . KcKc sItfKcKc sItfKcKc sItfKcKc sItf;;;; mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… bfmfsp l]fVfst sn spb kfv n©mcJ dlsj KcKc bf sIst. jfvB, sn pk[B bfmfspv ufqofq Kfsj kk[B zfïfrv nfsK mcbfufk (dbvftfq zftfi) jsv. zfv kfv Ffb dlsjW spb KcKc bf sIst. jfvB, kfv Ffsb Kfsj (hfmdlsjv sysq zsi[fjxk n©mfdbk sbjD-stJj) dIdvñf. hvQ sn spb (mnduslv smsU j]fyf mfdev rst zKhf mfsE-mqlfsb bfmfp iVst) kfv hfm dlsj zKhf (sndlsj sj… Kfjst) kfv (hfm) ifsqv dbsy sIst. pf isv sn lfIb jsv slsh.« (hc}, mc}, 710, 711bQ) ˆjlf dkdb mnduslv djhtfv dlsj slWqfst jI stso Kfjsk slsJ mmGfrk rstb ˆhQ kf k]fv syrfvfskW Icse …Et. dkdb …Estb ˆhQ dbu rfk äfvf kf idv°jfv jvstb. zk}iv htstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… pJb bfmfsp l]fVfq, kJb sn kfv iadkiftsjv nfsK dbvftfq zftfi jsv. kfv iadkiftj Kfsjb kfv W kfv djhtfv mfsU. nckvfQ skfmfslv sj… spb kfv nfmsbv dlsj zhwAƒ KcKc bf sIst. hvQ sn spb kfv hfm dlsj zKhf ifsqv dbsy KcKc sIst.« zk}iv dkdb k]fv yflsvv ˆj iaf§À Lsv kfv …iv KcKc sItstb ˆhQ ifwfifdw jfiV Lsv jyst dlstb, zfv htstb, ªzKhf sn spb ˆƒv™i jsv.« (hc}, dm} 746bQ) bfj UfVstW zbcv™i jvf …dyk. zhwA ixKj v¢mft hf denc-siifv hAhrfv …Ùm. 5555. . . . zdbójv uDhzdbójv uDhzdbójv uDhzdbójv uDh----u§Âu§Âu§Âu§Âmfvf}mfvf}mfvf}mfvf}---- bfmfp iVsk iVsk nfi, dhYf, shftkf iaHxdk dhNLv W zdbójv u§Â�mfvf ShL. zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªbfmfsp lcƒ jfstf u§Â;�nfi W dhYf smsv sIstf.«�(zf} 2/233, zflf} 921, dk} 390, bf}, ƒmf} 1245, k¶fqfdtnD 2538, zfvf} 1754, lf}, ƒJc} 896, ƒdr} 2351, rf} 1/256, hf} 2/266, iamcJ) zbcv™i …jcb hf …jcb-ufkDq sifjfW bfmfsp mfvf ShL. (mcm} 3/350) 6666. . . . yctjfsbfyctjfsbfyctjfsbfyctjfsbf}}}}---- slsr zöd²Àjv yctjfdb wcv¢ rst bfmfp iVf zh²¿fskW yctjfsbf ShL. jfvB, yctjfdbsk bfmfpDv�ˆjfoakf bó�rq. zfv yctsj dlst zöd²ÀshfL lCv rsq pfq. nckvfQ ˆJfsb SLpG Lvf …Ùm bq. (mcm} 3/350-351)


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7777. . . . iasqfubshfsL ytfiasqfubshfsL ytfiasqfubshfsL ytfiasqfubshfsL ytf}}}}---- wÛ¢v Hq rst (durfslv mqlfsb) ytf zh²¿fq bfmfp ShL. mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªskfmvf bfmfpnmCsrv iadk -dhswN jsv mLAhkGD (zfnsvv) bfmfspv iadk- pk´hfb rW ˆhQ zfïfrv n©mcsJ dhbDkHfsh l]fVfW. dj§Â�pdl (wÛ¢v) Hq jv, kfrst ytf zKhf nWqfv zh²¿fq (bfmfp iV).« (jc} 2/238-239) ˆjlf mrfbhD � öoxsr lvufv dJt há�jsv bIt bfmfp iVdYstb. mf zfsqwf�en�� sn lvuf Jctsk htst dkdb yst dosq k]fv ubA lvuf Jcst dlstb. zk}ivˆ א��4�2��icbvfq dbsuv mcnfïfq dIsv sostb. zhwA lvuf dYt djhtfv dlsjƒ. (zf} 6/234, zflf} 922, dk} 601, bf}, ƒdr}, zfhC qAf'tf 4406, lfvf}, hf} 2/265, dm} 1005 bQ) ˆjlf dkdb nCpGoarsBv bfmfsp shsrñX slsJ zoanv�ˆhQ slfpJ slsJ iÇyflXil rsqdYstb. (hc} 1052, mc} 525 bQ) nfrfhfoBsj dw[flfsbv …sÜswA dkdb dmìsv ysV bfmfp isVsYb. dmìsvv�…iv v¢jC jsv diY-ifsq sbsm dbsy dnulfr jsvsYb. (hc} 917, mc} 544 bQ) ˆjlf zfhC hfjfv � ˆv ƒmfmdk jfst mrfbhD � ˆsn …id²¿k rst dkdb (zfhC hfjfv) diY-ifsq nsv�ˆsndYstb. (hc} 680, 1205 bQ) zfhC hfvpfr zfntfmD Ivp bfmfp iVsk iVsk k]fv sOfVf iftfsk wcv¢ jvst dkdb kfv diYsb diYsb dosqdYstb. (hc} 1211 bQ, zf}, hf}) 8888. . . . sYst skftfsYst skftfsYst skftfsYst skftf}}}}---- bhD mchfwXdwv � ƒmfmdk jvskb, zfv zfhct zfsnv dwwcjbAf k]fv j]fsL Kfjk. zk}iv pJb dkdb v¢jC jvskb, kJb kfsj dbsy bfdmsq dlskb. icbvfq pJb dnulfr sKsj …Eskb, kJb zfhfv j]fsL kcst dbskb. (hc}, mc} dm} 984 bQ) ˆ hAfifsv `lDOG dnulfr' dwsvfbfsm wfÜfl��ˆv rflDn�…sïJ jvf rsqsY. 9999. . . . dwwcslv UoVf Kfmfsbfdwwcslv UoVf Kfmfsbfdwwcslv UoVf Kfmfsbfdwwcslv UoVf Kfmfsbf}}}}---- ˆjlf hfbD mcÙfdtshv lc'de sYfÕ�smsq mfvfmfdv jvsk jvsk mrfbhD��ˆv nfmsb�ˆsn k]fv r]fec Lsv sItt. dkdb bfmfp iVdYstb. snƒ zh²¿fq dkdb�…Hqsj lc'dlsj ndvsq dlstb. (zflf} 716, 717, nbf} 727 bQ) 10101010. . . . sJsJsJsJ]] ]]fyf dlsq nsv spsk ƒdÌfyf dlsq nsv spsk ƒdÌfyf dlsq nsv spsk ƒdÌfyf dlsq nsv spsk ƒdÌk jvf}k jvf}k jvf}k jvf}---- mf zfsqwf ��2�4א��en� mrfbhD��ˆv bfmfp iVf jfst k]fv nfmsb djhtfv dlsj if smst wcsq Kfjskb. dkdb (zájfsv) pJb dnulfr jvskb, kJb rfskv sJ]fyf dlsq k]fsj�(²ÃDsj) if ndvsq dbsk�ƒdÌk jvskb. (hc} 382, 1209 bQ) 11111111. . . . ƒwfvfq nftfsmv uWqfh slWqfƒwfvfq nftfsmv uWqfh slWqfƒwfvfq nftfsmv uWqfh slWqfƒwfvfq nftfsmv uWqfh slWqf}}}}---- bfmfpD bfmfsp vk KfjstW kfsj nftfm slWqf dhsLq ˆhQ bfmfpDv bfmfp iVf zh²¿fskƒ nftfsmv uWqfh slWqf jkGhA. ksh mcsJ bq, rfk hf zfÌcstv�ƒwfvfq. (mc} 538, zflf, dm} 989 bQ)


167

ƒhsb …mfv hstb, zfdm dhtft sj duÎfnf jvtfm, bhD��ˆv bfmfsp vk Kfjf zh²¿fq W]vf (nfrfhDoB) pJb nftfm dlskb, kJb dkdb djHfsh�…Ùv dlskb? dhtft htstb, `rfk�äfvf�ƒwfvf jsv.' (dk}, bf}, wfsIqD, dm} 991bQ) ˆjlf dkdb …sev …iv bfmfp iVdYstb. ufshv k]fsj nftfm dlst dkdb rfskv ƒwfvfq …Ùv dlsqdYstb. (mc} 540bQ, zf}) ˆjlf ncrfƒh k]fsj bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq nftfm dlst dkdb zfÌcstv�ƒwfvfq uWqfh dlsqdYstb. (dk} 367bQ, zf}) ˆjlf zfhC ùvfƒvf k]fsj bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq nftfm dlst dkdb�ƒwfvfq …Ùv dlsqdYstb. (k¶fhf}, dnn} 6/998) ˆjlf ƒhsb …mfv ˆj hAdÙÁv dbje sostb, kJb sn bfmfp iVdYt. dkdb kfsj nftfm dlst sn mcsJ�…Ùv dlt. isv�ƒhsb …mfv � kfsj htstb, `bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq skfmfslv msLA jf…sj nftfm slWqf rst sn spb mcsJ …Ùv bf slq. hvQ sn spb rfk�äfvf�ƒwfvf jsv …Ùv slq.' (mf}, dm} 1013 bQ) nftfsmv uWqfh YfVf bfmfsp iasqfusb zbA uv¢vD jKfW ƒdÌk W�ƒwfvfv mfLAsm hcUfsbf pfq. ˆjlf mrfbhD � bfmfp iVdYstb. dkdb dnulfr jvst rfnfb W ùnfƒb k]fv disE ysV hnst nfrfhDoB hfvB jvstb. dj§Â�dkdb�ƒwfvf jsv htstb, ªWslvsj dbsuv zh²¿fq sYsV lfW.«�zk}iv bfmfp swN jvst dkdb …Hqsj sjfst svsJ htstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfmfsj Hfstfhfsn, sn spb�ˆƒ lc'ubsjW Hfstfhfsn.« (ƒJc} 778 bQ, hf} 2/263) 12121212. . . . bfmfsp jf…sj sjfb uv¢vD hAfifsv nkjGDjvBbfmfsp jf…sj sjfb uv¢vD hAfifsv nkjGDjvBbfmfsp jf…sj sjfb uv¢vD hAfifsv nkjGDjvBbfmfsp jf…sj sjfb uv¢vD hAfifsv nkjGDjvB}}}}---- bfmfpD bfmfsp vk zfsY ˆ jKf ufbfsk zKhf ƒmfm bfmfsp djYc Hct jvst kfv …iv k]fsj nkjG jvsk icv¢Nslv ubA `nchrf-bfïfr' htf ˆhQ mdrtfslv ubA rfkkfdt slWqf dhsLq. diaq vnCt � hstb, ªskfmfslv bfmfspv msLA (zöfHfdhj) djYc Ose sost icv¢sNvf spb `knhDr' isV ˆhQ mdrtfvf spb rfkkfdt slq.« (hc} 684, mc}, zf}, zflf}, bf}, dm} 988 bQ) bfvD ˆmb ˆj nxdó,�pfv v™i, snZvH W wsè icv¢sNv mb iajxdkokHfsh ydjk rsq WsE. Ist, pfsk bfmfspv nmq kfslv smfrbDq jØösv icv¢Nvf nQjse bf isV kfv ubA wvDqskv ˆƒ dhLfb. i[f§Àsv wqkfb mfbcsNv dwvfq dwvfq dIsv shVfq. (hc} 3281, mc} 2175 bQ) ˆhQ icv¢Nslv ubA bfvD rt nhsysq hV dIkbfv dudbn. (hc} 5096, mc} 2740 bQ) ˆJfb sKsj hcUf pfq sp, mdrtfslv ixKj ufmfzfk rst ˆhQ snJfsb sjfb shofbf icv¢N bf Kfjst rfkkfdt bf dlsq knhDr isV mdrtfvf (mdrtf) ƒmfmsj nkjG jvsk ifsv. jfvB, knhDr rt bfmfspv ˆj zQw. (mcm} 3/362-363) mcÙÁflDslv msLAW sj… djYc Hct jvst, (spmb dnulfq hf ShEsj Ocdmsq iVst) kfsjW nkjG jvfv ubA knhDr hAhrfv ytsh. (‰ 3/367-368)


168

13131313. . . . ƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfk nQswfLbƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfk nQswfLbƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfk nQswfLbƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfk nQswfLb}}}}---- bfmfsp jcvzfb ifE jvsk jvsk pdl ƒmfm nfsrh sjfb zfqfk Hcst pfb, sKsm pfb zKhf Hct isVb, kfrst `tcjmfr' dlsq kf msb iVfsbf, Ldvsq slWqf hf nQswfLb jvf dhsLq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfdm skfmfslvƒ mk ˆjub mfbcN. zfdmW Hcst pfƒ, spmb skfmvf Hcst pfW. nckvfQ zfdm Hcst sost skfmvf zfmfsj msb idVsq dlW.« (hc} 401, mc} 572bQ) ˆjlf dkdb bfmfsp jcvzfb iVsk iVsk Hcst djYc zQw sYsV dlstb. ˆj hAdÙÁ�htt, sr zfïfrv vnCt! zmcj zmcj zfqfk zfidb sYsV dlsqsYb, (isVb db). dkdb htstb, ªkcdm zfmfsj msb idVsq dlst bf sjb?« (zflf} 907 bQ, ƒmf}) ˆjlf bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk iVsk iVsk k]fv djYc softmft rt. nftfm sIvfv iv …hfƒ ˆv …sÜswA dkdb htstb,�ªkcdm zfmfslv nfsK bfmfp iVst?«�…hfƒ htstb, `uD r]Af.' dkdb htstb, ªksh Hct Ldvsq dlst bf sjb?« (zflf} 907, ƒdr, k¶fhf}, hf} 3/212) …sïJA sp, nCvf Ifdkrf bfmfspv ˆjde v¢jXb zKhf Ivp. nckvfQ kf iVsk ƒmfm sjfb iajfsvv Hct jvst (pfsk zKG hlst pfq kf) mcÙÁflDslv n¹vB jdvsq slWqf Wqfsuh. (mcm} 3/346) 14141414. . . . iasqfusb jfiV hf ifoVDv …iv dnulfr jvfiasqfusb jfiV hf ifoVDv …iv dnulfr jvfiasqfusb jfiV hf ifoVDv …iv dnulfr jvfiasqfusb jfiV hf ifoVDv …iv dnulfr jvf}}}}---- zdk oaD°m hf wDskv nmq dnulfv ²¿fsb jift vfJf jójv rst yflv, zf²ÀDb hf ifoVDv hfVdk zQw ‰ ²¿fsb svsJ dnulfr jvf ShL. mrfbhD � ˆv pfmfbfq nfrfhfoB ˆv™i jvskb. (hc} 385, 542 bQ, zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, lf}, zf} 3/100) ufshv hstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv nfsK spfrsvv bfmfp iVkfm. zfmfv rfskv mcsEfq djYc j]fjv svsJ Efàf jsv dbkfm ˆhQ iaJv kfi sKsj h]fyfv ubA kf jifstv ²¿fsb (dnulfv ufqofq) svsJ dbkfm. (zflf} 399, bf}, dm} 1011 bQ) 15151515. . . . uckf isv bfmfpuckf isv bfmfpuckf isv bfmfpuckf isv bfmfp}}}}---- uckf ifj-nfI rstW zsbsj hcpcoGslv nfsK nf[fskv nmq kf ifsq vfsJ bf. pf waÝfv zdkvÓb�ˆhQ dhlzfk. htfƒ hfùtA, ˆmb stfjslv dbje uckf ifsq bfmfp iVf kfslv j¬ibfv hfƒsv. dj§Â�rpvk zfbfn hstb, bhD � uckf ifsq bfmfp iVskb. (hc} 386, mc}) zfècïfr dhb zfmXv hstb, zfdm bhD � sj Jfdt ifsq W uckf ifsq …Hq zh²¿fskƒ bfmfp iVsk slsJdY. (zflf} 653 bQ, ƒmf}) vnCt � hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv msLA sj… bfmfp iVsh, kJb sn spb kfv uckf


169

isv sbq zKhf Jcst kfv lc' ifsqv mfsU vfsJ. zfv sn spb kfv uckf äfvf zivsj jó�bf slq.« (zflf} 655 bQ, hfppfv, rf}) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªskfmvf ƒqfùlDslv dhv¢ÝfyvB jv�(ˆhQ uckf isv bfmfp iV). jfvB, Wvf Wslv ucskf W yfmVfv smfufq bfmfp isV bf. (zflf} 652 bQ, hfppfv, rf}) uckf Jcst bfmfp iVst ˆhQ mndusl uckf vfJfv sjfb dbdlGó�ufqof bf Kfjst pdl hfm ifsw sj… bf Kfsj kfrst hfm ifsw, bsy{ lcƒ ifsqv mfsU vfJsk rsh. Ffb dlsj vfJf pfsh bf. (zflf} 654, ƒJc}, rf}) zhwA uckfq mqtf hf bfifjD stso Kfjst kf isv bfmfp rq bf. bfifjD hf mqtf mfdesk hf Ofsn voXsV mcsY lCv jsv dbsq kfsk bfmfp iVf pfq. bfmfspv mfsU uckfq mqtf stso zfsY slJst hf ufbsk ifvst kf nfsK nfsK Jcst sItf uv¢vD. (zflf} 650, ƒJc}, rf}, ƒo} 284 bQ) sJqft vfJfv dhNq sp, mndul ifjf W ofdtyf-dhYfsbf rst kfv dHksv uckf isv dosq sbfQvf jvf ShL bq. mnduslv idhÛkf W idv¤Yâkfv sJqft zhwAƒ uv¢vD. 16161616. . . . msb zbA dy§Àf ˆsn iVfmsb zbA dy§Àf ˆsn iVfmsb zbA dy§Àf ˆsn iVfmsb zbA dy§Àf ˆsn iVf}}}}---- zdb¤Yf nsÙ¶W bfmfsp zbA dy§Àf ˆsn iVst bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfq bf. zhwA zbA dy§Àf ˆsb slWqfv jfu wqkfbƒ shwDv Hfo s[sÛ�jsv Kfsj. zfv�ˆ�jKf zfmvf `bfmfp djHfsh jfsqm rsh' dwsvfbfsm isVdY�ˆhQ wqkfb W kfv jcm§ÃBf sKsj v[f ifWqfv�…ifqW snJfsb susbdY. rpvk …mfv öDjfv jsvb sp, dkdb sjfb sjfb bfmfsp SnbAhfdrbD ia²Âk W siavB jvfv jKf dy§Àf jvskb. (hc} dhbf nbsl 239ix}) ˆjlf zfnsvv bfmfsp mrfbhD � ˆv msb iVt sp, k]fv Osv djYc snfbf hf y]fdlv ecjvf sKsj sosY. kfƒ nftfm dIsvƒ nk¶v dkdb sjfb ikDv oxsr iashw jsv vfdÛ�zfnfv iCshGƒ lfb jvsk zfslw jsv ˆstb! (hc} 851, 1221 bQ) nfrfhfosBv msLA ˆmb zsbj nfrfhf dYstb, p]fvf zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv nfsK bfmfp iVskb. dj§Â�ok vfsÛ�ˆwfv bfmfsp dkdb � sjfbX nCvf isVsYb kf sJqft vfJsk ifvskb bf. (hc} 1223 bQ) zhwA iaskAsjv …dyk, pKfn©Hh zbA dy§Àf ˆhQ zbAmbõkf lCv jvf. bsy{ zbA sJqft hf dy§Àf pk shwD rsh, bfmfspv nWqfh kk jm rsq pfsh. 17171717. . . . dnulfv ufqof nfI jvfdnulfv ufqof nfI jvfdnulfv ufqof nfI jvfdnulfv ufqof nfI jvf}}}}---- dnulfv ufqof idv°jfv jvfv …sÜswA bfmfspv mfsU (dnulfv nmq) I]cj slWqf ShL. zfïfrv bhD � nCpG-oarsBv bfmfspv dnulfq I]cj dlsqsYb. (zflf} 1194, bf}, zf} 2/188, hc} dhbf nbsl 238ix}) i[f§Àsv I]cj slWqf dbdNÝ�rWqfv hAfifsv rflDn nrDr bq. (kfdm} 313ix}) zbcv™i j]fjv nvfsbf dbdNÝ�rWqfv rflDnW pqDI.�(‰)�iv§Â�nrDr rflDsn�ˆjhfv mfÛ�


170

nvfsbfv zbcmdk zfsY. (hc}, mc}, dm} 980 bQ) ksh bf nvfsbf 100de …{jxó�…ebD zsi[f�…Ùm.�(ƒJc}, nkf} 555 bQ) 18181818. . . . bfmfpDv sthfsnv hBGbfq …sïJ jvf rsqsY spbfmfpDv sthfsnv hBGbfq …sïJ jvf rsqsY spbfmfpDv sthfsnv hBGbfq …sïJ jvf rsqsY spbfmfpDv sthfsnv hBGbfq …sïJ jvf rsqsY sp, , , , ˆj jfisV ˆj jfisV ˆj jfisV ˆj jfisV ˆhQ Jfdt mfKfq bfmfp iVf ShL.ˆhQ Jfdt mfKfq bfmfp iVf ShL.ˆhQ Jfdt mfKfq bfmfp iVf ShL.ˆhQ Jfdt mfKfq bfmfp iVf ShL. 19191919. . . . mcnrfI rmcnrfI rmcnrfI rmcnrfI rfsk slsJ slsJ jcvzfb ifE}fsk slsJ slsJ jcvzfb ifE}fsk slsJ slsJ jcvzfb ifE}fsk slsJ slsJ jcvzfb ifE}---- kfvfhDr iaHxdk tìf bfmfsp (tìf dj¶vfzfskv) rfsIp ƒmfm bf Kfjst `jct-JfbD' jsv EjfEjX jsqj vfjzfk isV sbWqfv sysq mcnrfI (jcvzfb mfuDl) slsJ slsJ ifE jsv lDOG dj¶vfzfk jvf …Ùm. (zhwA jcvzfb Jksmv�…sÜswA bq.) zbcv™i (ufmfzfsk zbA rfsIp mcÙÁflD bf Kfjst) rfsIp�ƒmfsmv Hct Ldvsq slWqfv …sÜswA sjfb mcÙÁflDv jcvzfb slsJ pfWqf ShL.�ˆ�nh djYc iasqfusb ShL; Ist bfmfspv sjfb [dk rq bf. mf zfsqwf ��2�4א��en�ˆv zfpfljxk softfm pfjWqfb vmpfsb (kfvfhDrsk) slsJ slsJ jcvzfb ifE jsv k]fv�ƒmfmdk jvskb. (mf}, ƒzfwf} 7215, 7216, 7217 bQ) ƒmfm rfnfb, mcrf©ml, zfk¶f iamcJ ntIoB ˆv™i (iasqfusb) ShL msb jvskb. (ƒzfwf} 7214, 7218, 7219, 7220, 7221 bQ) hkGmfb dhw¶ kKf n†lD zfvshv …tfmf W mcIkD jdmdev dnÝf§À mskW iasqfusb mcnrfI slsJ kfvfhDr iVfsbf ShL. (dInc} 1/234, mh} 19/154, 21/56) n†dlqfv iafq zdLjfQw mndusl zfmtW kfƒ. rpvk zfbfn bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk iVskb zfv k]fv softfm k]fv iÇyfsk mcnrfI Lsv l]fVfskb. dkdb djYc Hcst sost softfm Hct Ldvsq dlskb.�(ƒzfwf} 7222 bQ) bfmfspv dHksv jcvzfb Jkm jvst Jksmv isv lczf jvfv sjfb ltDt sbƒ. kfƒ jcvzfb Jksmv lczf bfmfspv dHksv bf jvfƒ …dyk. (mcm} 4/57-58) zhwA bfmfspv hfƒsv rpvk zfbfn jcvzfb Jkm jvst k]fv idvhfv-idvubsj nmshk jsv lczf jvskb. (ƒhbct mchfvfj, pcrXl 809 ix}, ƒzfwf} 1087 bQ, lf}, k¶fhf}, mfpf} 7/172) ianÌk} …sïJA sp, jcvzfsbv Jksmv sjfb dbdlGó�lczfW sbƒ. (mh} 20/165, 186) zkˆh jcvzfb mfuDslv swN ixôfv iv `lczf-ˆ Jkdmt jcvzfb' bfsm sp lczf iafq mcnrfsI Yfif Kfsj kf mboVf.

bbbfffmmmfffsssppp pppfff jjjvvvfff mmmjjjvvv ™™™rrr zzzKKKhhhfff dddbbbdddNNNÝÝÝ 1. bfmfsp sp nm²À jfpGfhtD jvf ncâk (spmb vIXsq qAflfƒb, ƒd²Àvfrfv ShEj, hcsj rfk h]fLf ƒkAfdl) kfv sjfb ˆjdeW kAfo jvf mjv™r. (dInc} …lGc 125ix}) 2. mcJ Ocdvsq hf zfV syfsJ ˆdlj-Wdlj kfdjsq slJf, OdV hf zbA djYc slJf ShL bq.


171

iCshGƒ zfstfdyk rsqsY sp, syfvf lxdósk hf OfV Ocdvsq�ˆdlj-Wdlj lxdóifk jvfv mfLAsm wqkfb bfmfpDv bfmfp ycdv jsv Kfsj. (hc}, mc}, dm} 982bQ) spmb zbA dlsj lxdóifk jsv mcJ dIdvsq dbst zfïfrW mcJ dIdvsq sbb. (zf}, zflf}, bf}, lf}, dm} 995 bQ) bIt bfmfspW ˆdlj-Wdlj slJf ShL bq. ShL rWqfv hAfifsv rflDnÈdt nrDr bq. (kfdm} 308-309ix}) zhwA syfsJv sjfsB Ffƒsb-hfsmv dudbn slJf hf busv iVf bfmfspv ubA [dkjv bq. jfvB, ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq Ffƒsb W hfsm t[A jvskb. zfv disEv dlsj OfV Ocvfskb bf.' (dk}, bf}, dm} 998 bQ) zbcv™i Hq W iasqfusbv nmq lxdó�dbs[i lCNBDq bq.�ˆjlf mrfbhD��ˆj�…ikAjfv dlsj ufnCn ifEfstb. zk}iv Iusvv bfmfp iVsk iVsk kfv zsi[fq snƒ …ikAjfv dlsj kfdjsq slJdYstb. (zflf} 916 bQ, rf} 1/237) zfïfrv vnCt � spfrv W zfnsvv bfmfsp jcvzfb iVskb kf nfrfhfoB k]fv lfdV drtfv Ist hcUsk ifvskb. (hc} 746, zflf}, zf}) zbcv™i k]fvf k]fsj dnulfq mfKf vfJsk bf slJfv iCshG sj… jWmf sKsj dnulfq spskb bf. (hc} 747 bQ) zkˆh dwwcv mf bfmfp iVsk iVsk pdl kfv dwwcv odkdhdL t[A vfJsk zfV bqsb kfjfq, kfrst bfmfspv sjfb [dk rq bf. (mcm} 3/312) 3333. . . . zfjfswv zfjfswv zfjfswv zfjfswv ((((hf …ivhf …ivhf …ivhf …iv) ) ) ) dlsj kfjfsbfdlsj kfjfsbfdlsj kfjfsbfdlsj kfjfsbf}}}}---- bhD mchfwXdwv � hstb, ªstfsjvf spb zhwA zhwAƒ bfmfspv msLA zfjfswv dlsj kfjfsbf rsk dhvk rq, bsy{ kfslv y[c dYdbsq sbWqf rsh!« (hc} 750, mc}, dm} 983 bQ) zkˆh bfmfp iVsk iVsk …iv hf zfjfw dlsj lxdóifk jvf rfvfm. (mcm} 3/315) 4444. . . . syfJ hcufsyfJ hcufsyfJ hcufsyfJ hcuf}}}}---- mrfbhD � pJb bfmfp iVskb, kJb dkdb k]fv syfJ lc'desj Jcst vfJskb. k]fv lxdó�Kfjk dnulfv ufqofq. kfwfrXùsl hnfv nmq dkdb k]fv kuGbD zfÌcstv�…iv buv vfJskb.�ˆ�YfVf dkdb syfJ Jcst vfJskb hstƒ mf zfsqwf ��2�4א��en�ˆv slWqfst efÌfsbf YdhpcÙÁ�ilGf k]fv n©mcJ sKsj ndvsq dbsk hstdYstb. nckvfQ ncâk rt, syfJ sJftf svsJ bfmfp iVf. ksh rA]f, pdl iasqfub isV; spmb nfmsb jfv¢jfpG, bÆf, Ict hf�ˆmb sjfb dudbn Kfsj, pf lxdó�zfjNGB jsv zKhf msbfspfo sjsV sbq zKhf dj¶vfzfk Hcdtsq slq ˆhQ kf lCv jvf n©Hh bf rq, kfrst syfJ há�jsv bfmfp iVfq sjfb slfN sbƒ. hvQ ˆƒ s[sÛ�syfJ há�jsvƒ bfmfp iVf …Ùm rWqf wvDqk�ˆhQ kfv�…sÜwA W bDdkv zdLj dbjehkGD. (pfmf} 1/293-294, mcm} 3/48, 52, 316, Iƒ} 1/289-290, mck¶fnf 130-131ix}) 5555. . . . ˆmb dudbnˆmb dudbnˆmb dudbnˆmb dudbn (spmb bÆflfv mcnfïf, snZ¦lpG W jfv¢jfpGmq slWqft hf dhdHâ iafjxdkj lxwAiCBG jfiV ƒkAfdl) nfmsb svsJ bfmfp iVf, pfsk bfmfpDv msbfspfo W ˆjfoakf bó�rq.�ˆ�hAfifsv `sp nh�²¿fsb bfmfp iVf mjv™r' dwsvfbfm slJcb.


172

6666. . . . sjfb iafBDv hf mfbcsNv Ydhsjfb iafBDv hf mfbcsNv Ydhsjfb iafBDv hf mfbcsNv Ydhsjfb iafBDv hf mfbcsNv Ydh, , , , mCdkG hf zfÈb nfmsb jsv bfmfp mCdkG hf zfÈb nfmsb jsv bfmfp mCdkG hf zfÈb nfmsb jsv bfmfp mCdkG hf zfÈb nfmsb jsv bfmfp iVf.iVf.iVf.iVf. jfvB,�ˆsk Kfsj dwsjGv oá�ˆhQ zmcndtmslv nlxwkf. (mfnfƒ} 250-251ix}) 7777. . . . sjfb iafBD hf mfbcsNv Ydh dydÛk jfiV isv bfmfp iVfsjfb iafBD hf mfbcsNv Ydh dydÛk jfiV isv bfmfp iVfsjfb iafBD hf mfbcsNv Ydh dydÛk jfiV isv bfmfp iVfsjfb iafBD hf mfbcsNv Ydh dydÛk jfiV isv bfmfp iVf.... (‰�251ix}) 8888. . . . dbsuv hf zfv jfsvf Ydh isjse svsJW bfmfp mjv™rdbsuv hf zfv jfsvf Ydh isjse svsJW bfmfp mjv™rdbsuv hf zfv jfsvf Ydh isjse svsJW bfmfp mjv™rdbsuv hf zfv jfsvf Ydh isjse svsJW bfmfp mjv™r.... zhwA sjfKfW svsJ bfmfp iVst ycdv rsq hf rfdvsq pfWqfv Hsq dbv¢ifq zh²¿fq YdhpcÙÁ�efjf-iqnf, ifwsifeG, idvyq-iÛ�iaHxdk nsÌ�dbsq bfmfp iVfq slfN sbƒ. (mh} 12/98, 19/161) 9999. . . . lcƒ rfskv zfÌctnmCrsjlcƒ rfskv zfÌctnmCrsjlcƒ rfskv zfÌctnmCrsjlcƒ rfskv zfÌctnmCrsj iv±iv J]fufJ]fdu jvf} iv±iv J]fufJ]fdu jvf} iv±iv J]fufJ]fdu jvf} iv±iv J]fufJ]fdu jvf}---- diaq bhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… pJb nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv mnduslv …sÜsw shv rq, kJb sn spb zhwAƒ kfv (lcƒ rfskv) zfÌctnmCrsj J]fufJ]fdu bf jsv. jfvB, sn bfmfp zh²¿fq Kfsj.« (zf} 4/242, 243, zflf} 562, dk} 386, zfvf} 3334, lf}, ƒJc} 441bQ, k¶fhf}, hf} 3/230, rf} 1/206, ƒo} 2/102) zKGf{ bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq�‰v™i dbdNÝ. bfmfspv ubA WpC jvfv iv sKsj bfmfp swN bf rWqf ipG§À ‰v™i jvf dbdNÝ.�ˆ�hAfifsv zfsvf rflDn slJcb. (nkf} 292, dnn} 1294, nuf} 445, 446 bQ) 10101010. . . . zfÌct IcefsbfzfÌct IcefsbfzfÌct IcefsbfzfÌct Icefsbf}}}}---- bfmfspv msLA zfÌct Icefsbf mjv™r. jfvB, ˆde ˆjde hfsu W dbvKGj jmG ˆhQ ziv bfmfpDslv msbfspfso hAfOfk Oefq. (mcm} 3/324) 11111111. . . . sjfmsv rfk vfJfsjfmsv rfk vfJfsjfmsv rfk vfJfsjfmsv rfk vfJf}}}}---- zfïfrv bhD � bfmfp iVfv nmq sjfmsv rfk vfJsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (hc} 1219, 1220, mc} 545, dm} 981 bQ) ˆv jfvB hBGbfq htf rsqsY sp, ˆmb jfu ƒqfùlDslv. (hc} 3458, ƒzfwf} 4591, 4600 bQ) zKhf ufrfâfmDvf ufrfâfsm ˆv™i sjfmsv rfk svsJ zfvfm sbsh. (ƒzfwf} 4592, 4595 bQ) nckvfQ kfslv nlxwkf zhtìb mcndtsmv ubA ShL bq. zsbsj hstb, dbdNÝ�rWqfv jfvB,�ˆv™i jfu zrQjfvD, dhiloa²À zKhf Hfhbf W lcdÇy§Àfoa²Àslv. kfƒ bfmfsp ˆv™i ialwGb zShL. (mcm} 3/323, mck¶fnf} 155ix}) 12121212. . . . jcjcsvv mk hnfjcjcsvv mk hnfjcjcsvv mk hnfjcjcsvv mk hnf}}}}---- lcƒ ifsqv vtf JfVf svsJ, rfk lc'desj mfdesk svsJ ˆhQ lcƒ ifYfv …iv Hv jsv jcjcsvv mk ShEj dbdNÝ.�jfvB�ˆmb ShEj wqkfsbv. (mc}, zfzf}, ƒo} 316bQ) ˆ hAfifsv zdLj ufbsk kfwfrùslv ShEsjv hBGbf ûóhA. 13131313. . . . hfm rfk äfvf Hv jsv hnfhfm rfk äfvf Hv jsv hnfhfm rfk äfvf Hv jsv hnfhfm rfk äfvf Hv jsv hnf}}}}---- bfmfspv ShEsj hfm rfksj mfde hf mcnfïfv …iv svsJ sEn dlsq hnf dbdNÝ.�jfvB�ˆmb ShEj zfïfrv sÛÁfLHfub�ƒqfùlDslv. (hf}, rf}, ƒo} 380 bQ) zdkdvÙÁ�kfwfrùslv ShEsjv hBGbf ûóhA. 14141414. . . . jfiV ojfiV ojfiV ojfiV o]fsev dbsy Uctfsbf}]fsev dbsy Uctfsbf}]fsev dbsy Uctfsbf}]fsev dbsy Uctfsbf}----


173

icv¢Nslv ubA kfslv jfiV; tcdÌ,�ifqufmf, iAf¦e, syfof iaHxdk o]fsev dbsy Ucdtsq ivf nh nmsqv ubA dbdNÝ.�iv§Â�mrfb hflwfv nfmsb bfmfsp l]fdVsq zrQjfvDslv mk�ˆmbHfsh jfiV Ucdtsq vfJf zdLjHfsh dbdNÝ. (bfmfpDv sthfn�ûóhA) 15151515. . . . jfiV jfiV jfiV jfiV ((((wft hwft hwft hwft hf yflv)f yflv)f yflv)f yflv) bf udVsq lcƒ j]fsL lc' dlsj Ucdtsq vfJf zKhf yflsv udVsq Kfjf zh²¿fq rfk lc'desjW kfv dHksv svsJƒ v¢jC-dnulf jvf}- rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, bhD � bfmfsp ˆƒHfsh jfiV ivsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (zflf} 643, dk}, ƒmf}, zf}, rf}, dm} 764 bQ) ˆv jfvB hBGbfq htf rsqsY, ˆv™i zHAfn ƒqfùlDslv. 16161616. . . . yflvyflvyflvyflv, , , , wftwftwftwft, , , , j©IeGfv iaHxdkv mfLAsm mcJ Tfjfj©IeGfv iaHxdkv mfLAsm mcJ Tfjfj©IeGfv iaHxdkv mfLAsm mcJ Tfjfj©IeGfv iaHxdkv mfLAsm mcJ Tfjf}}}}---- bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq mcJ Tfjsk mrfbhD � dbsNL jsvsYb. (zflf} 643, ƒmf}, dm} 764 bQ)

mlDbfv IjDr nfstm dhb zfècïfr dhb …mfv jf…sj bfmfsp mcJ sTsj Kfjsk slJst kfv mcJ sKsj kfv jfiVsj nsufsv sesb ndvsq dlskb. (mf} 30bQ) 17171717. . . . icv¢sNv tìf yct siYb dlsj shicv¢sNv tìf yct siYb dlsj shicv¢sNv tìf yct siYb dlsj shicv¢sNv tìf yct siYb dlsj sh]] ]]sL bfmfp iVfsL bfmfp iVfsL bfmfp iVfsL bfmfp iVf}}}}---- diaq bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�kfv (tìf) yctsj siYb dlsj sh]sL bfmfp isV, sn snƒ hAdÙÁv mk sp kfv lcƒ rfk h]fLf zh²¿fq bfmfp isV.« (mc}, zfzf}, ƒdr}) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ª‰ h]fLf yct rt wqkfb hnfv ufqof!« (zflf}, dk}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, dnulfv dhhvB ûóhA) ƒhbct zfNDv hstb, tìf yct sJftf zh²¿fq Kfjst dnulfr zh²¿fq snÈdtW mfdesk isV pfsh. Ist dnulfrjfvDsj�‰�ycstv dnulfr jvfv nWqfh slWqf rsh. i[f§Àsv h]fLf hf o]fKf Kfjst snÈstf dnulfq iVsk ifvsh bf. kfƒ h]fLsk dbsNL jvf rsqsY. (bfzf} 2/340) zfïfmf zfthfbD (v}) hstb, msb rq ˆ dhLfb sjht icv¢Nslv ubAƒ, mdrtfslv ubA bq. ƒhbct zfvfhD sKsj ˆ jKf …Ýxk jsv wWjfbD kfƒ hstb. (dnnfb} 143ix}) jfvB, smsqslv yct Kfjsh h]fLf W jfisVv ilGfv dHksv. pf shv rst mdrtfv bfmfpƒ hfdkt rsq pfsh. (bfzf} 2/340) 18181818. . . . jfiV ÈefsbfjfiV ÈefsbfjfiV ÈefsbfjfiV Èefsbf}}}}---- zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªzfdm zfdló�rsqdY sp, zfdm 7 zÌ�äfvf dnulfr jdv�---�ˆhQ jfiV W yct bf�Èefƒ.« (hc}, mc}, ƒJc} 782, nuf} 1369 bQ) mcrfdÜn zfthfbD (v}) hstb, `ˆƒ dbsNL sjht bfmfp zh²¿fskƒ nDmfhÝ�bq; hvQ bfmfspv iCshGW pdl sj… kfv yct hf jfiV Èefq zk}iv bfmfsp iashw jsv, kfrst zdLjfQw …tfmfosBv msk sn ‰ dbsNsL wfdmt rsh. zfv yct sh]sL bfmfp iVf dbdNÝ�rWqfv rflDn�…ÙÁ�mksj nmKGb jsv. (dnnfb} 143ix}) ˆJfb sKsjƒ hù …tfmf hstsYb sp, ufmfv zf²ÀDb hf rfkf Èdesq bfmfp iVf mjv™r. jfvB mrfbhD � W k]fv …©mk bfmfsp jfiV bf Èefsk zfdló�rsqsYb. zfv ufmfv rfkf�Èefsbf jfiV�Èefsbfvƒ wfdmt.


174

ƒmfm bWhD hstb, …tfmfoB ˆ dhNsq ˆjmk sp, jfiV hf ufmfv zf²ÀDb Èdesq, yct sh]sL hf ifoVDv dbsy�Èdesq svsJ bfmfp iVf dbdNÝ.�zhwA�ˆƒ dbsNsLv mfb rt mjv™r. zKGf{, ˆsk bfmfp bó�rq bf. (wfvù mcndtm 4/209, zfmf} 2/247) …ÙÁ�dbsNsLv jfvB hBGbfq zsbsj hstb sp, jfiV�Èefsbf hf skftf zrQjfvDslv t[B. kfƒ kfslv nflxwA zhtìb dbdNÝ.�(Ihf} 2/346) zhwA jfiV Jcst sost kf ivf …ÙÁ�dbsNsLv zfWkfHcÙÁ�bq. hvQ tÏf²¿fb Jcst pfWqfv zfwËf rst skf bfmfp zh²¿fskW ivf Wqfsuh. zbcv™i …tÌ�bfmfpD bfmfspv mfsU pdl jfiV ifq, kfrst snƒ zh²¿fskƒ kfv ubAW kf ivf Wqfsuh. jfvB, jfiV hkGmfb Kfjsk tÏf²¿fb shv jsv bfmfp iVst bfmfp hfdkt. (mcm} 3/347-348) bfmfp iVsk iVsk Jch wDk tfost ˆhQ ifsw jfiV Kfjst bfmfpD bfmfspv msLAƒ kf ivsk hf ofsq dbsk ifsv. jfvB bf ivst kfv msbfspfso hAfOfk Oesh. (‰ 3/348) zbcv™i Jch ovm tfostW zdkdvÙÁ�W ziasqfubDq jfiV bfmfp zh²¿fskƒ ndvsq sItsk ifsv. 19191919. . . . jjjj]]]]ffffL sJftf svsJ bfmfp}L sJftf svsJ bfmfp}L sJftf svsJ bfmfp}L sJftf svsJ bfmfp}---- j]fL sJftf svsJ bfmfp dbdNÝ.�(ˆ�hAfifsv `bfmfpDv sthfn' iansÌ�zfstfybf slJcb.) nckvfQ hù rfuDslv ƒrvfm isv ˆj j]fL sJftf zh²¿fq bfmfp iVf ShL bq. (mfnfƒ} 251ix}) 20202020. . . . nwsè jcvzfb ifEnwsè jcvzfb ifEnwsè jcvzfb ifEnwsè jcvzfb ifE}}}}---- zsbsj ƒmfsmv siYsb nCvf Ifdkrf ƒkAfdl iVfv nmq mfsU mfsU ÈbXÈbX jsv hf dInXdIdnsq WsE. pfsk ifswv bfmfpDv hV dFófhG rq.�ˆmb jvfW rflDn sKsj dbdNÝ.�mrfbhD � hstb,�ªzhwAƒ bfmfpD kfv iadkiftsjv nfsK dbvftfq zftfi jsv. nckvfQ dj dbsq zftfi jvsY, kf spb sn t[A jsv. zfv skfmfslv sj… spb zisvv ifsw jcvzfb nwsè bf isV.« (zf}, mf}, iamcJ dm} 856 bQ) 21212121. . . . Jfhfv nfmsb svsJ bfmfpJfhfv nfmsb svsJ bfmfpJfhfv nfmsb svsJ bfmfpJfhfv nfmsb svsJ bfmfp}}}}---- Jfhfv dudbn nfmsb rfduv Kfjst ˆhQ JfWqfv ƒ¤Yf W zfjf£Jf Kfjst kf bf sJsq bfmfp iVf mjv™r. jfvB, sn nmq Jfhfsvv dlsj mb isV Kfsj ˆhQ bfmfsp pKfKG msbfspfso hAfOfk Ose. mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv vfskv Jfhfv ia²Âk�Kfsj�ˆhQ snƒ nmsq bfmfspv ƒjfmkW rq, kJb skfmvf iaKsm Jfhfv JfW. zfv JfWqf swN bf jvf ipG§À sj… spb kfVfùsVf bf jsv.« ƒhsb …mfv ˆv ubA Jfhfv hfVf rst snƒ nmq pdl bfmfspv ƒjfmk rk, kfrst kf sJsq swN bf jvf ipG§À bfmfsp zfnskb bf. snƒ nmq dkdb ƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfkW wcbsk siskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1056 bQ) 22222222. . . . ianafhianafhianafhianafh----ifqJfbf zfesj svsJ bfifqJfbf zfesj svsJ bfifqJfbf zfesj svsJ bfifqJfbf zfesj svsJ bfmfp iVf}mfp iVf}mfp iVf}mfp iVf}---- ianafh-ifqJfbfv yfi Kfjst snƒ zh²¿fq bfmfp iVf ShL bq. nmq hf ufmfzfk YcsE


175

pfWqfv zfwËf KfjstW ianafh-ifqJfbfv jfu bf snsv bfmfsp iashw jvf dbdNÝ.�mrfbhD � hstb,�ªJfhfv nfmsb svsJ bfmfp sbƒ. zfv kfvW bfmfp sbƒ, pfsj ianafh-ifqJfbfv sho sisqsY.« (mc} 560, dm} 1057 bQ, mcm} 3/325-328) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªskfmfslv jfsvf ifqJfbfv kth rst ˆhQ zbA dlsj bfmfspv ƒjfmk rst iaKsm sn spb ifqJfbfƒ jsv.« (dk}, zflf} 88, bf}, mf}, dm} 1069 bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfïfr W ivjfst dhw¶fn vfsJ kfv ubA ianafh-ifqJfbfv sho sysi svsJ ˆhQ (iasqfub snsv) rfîf rsq bf pfWqf ipG§À bfmfp iVf ShL bq.« (zflf} 91bQ, iamcJ) 23232323. . . . Tct hf k¦ûf zhTct hf k¦ûf zhTct hf k¦ûf zhTct hf k¦ûf zh²²²²¿fq bfmfp¿fq bfmfp¿fq bfmfp¿fq bfmfp}}}}---- Ocsmv sOfv Kfjst hf Tct ˆst (bIt) bfmfp iVf …dyk bq. hvQ ˆjec Ocdmsq dbsq iVf …dyk. zhwA Ivp bfmfspv s[sÛ�ufmfzfk W dbdlGó�nmq sJqft vfJf�ˆjf§À uv¢vD. (ˆ hAfifsv `bfmfp djHfsh jfsqm rsh' dwsvfbfsmv zfstfybf ûóhA) 24242424. . . . mfljûhA hf sjfb rfvfm hmfljûhA hf sjfb rfvfm hmfljûhA hf sjfb rfvfm hmfljûhA hf sjfb rfvfm h²²²²ÂÂÂÂhrb jvf}hrb jvf}hrb jvf}hrb jvf}---- rjdiaq W nkAfbcnáfbD�…tfmfosBv dbje jcvzfb, ncâfr, dhshj W Îfb-dhÎfb dHdÙj hù ltDt hkGmfb Kfjfv jfvsB dhdV, dnofsve, ofdt, kfmfj, Èt-ulGf iaHxdk mfljûhA mfjv™sr kfrvDmD zKGf{ rfvfm. kfƒ ˆ nh dudbn isjse svsJ mndusl pfWqf W bfmfp iVf mjv™r. (Iƒ} 1/199-200) 25252525. . . . srtfsrtfsrtfsrtf----slftf}slftf}slftf}slftf}---- bfmfp iVsk iVsk zfso-disY hf Ffsb-hfsm srtf-slftf ShL bq. sjb bf, ˆ jfu bfmfsp ˆjfoakf W d²¿vkfv iadkjCt. (mck¶fnf} 220ix}) zsbsj sjht Ffb zKhf hfm ifsqv …iv Hvbf dlsq h]fjf rsq l]fVfq; pfsk jfkfsvv ifswv bfmfpDvW dFófhG rq. i[f§Àsv diaq bhD � bfmfp wcv¢ jvfv iCshG nfrfhfosBv j]fL ±iwG jsv htskb, ªskfmvf snfuf rsq l]fVfW. dhdHâv™si l]fVfsqf bf. bsy{ skfmfslv r™lqW dhdHâ rsq pfsh.« (mc}, dm} 1088 bQ) zhwA bfmfp tìf rst if Lvfv Ist lc-ˆjhfv if hlst zfvfm sbWqf lCNBDq bq. ksh wkG rt, spb�ˆj if ziv ifsqv sysq shwD zfof-diYf bf rsq pfq. hvQ�…Hq if spb hvfhv Kfsj�ˆhQ�ˆ�jfu hfvhfvW bf rq. (mcm} 3/323-324) kfYfVf spb ifswv mcnïDv dFófhG bf rq. 26262626. . . . bfmfspv iadkjCt djYc zfyvBbfmfspv iadkjCt djYc zfyvBbfmfspv iadkjCt djYc zfyvBbfmfspv iadkjCt djYc zfyvB}}}}---- bfmfp iVsk iVsk mfKf hf lfdV yctjfsbf, hfvhfv mfKfv eciD, ifoVD hf v¢mft snfuf jvf, OdV drtfsbf W slJf, bJ, l]fk, bfj W haB sJ]fef iaHxdk ziasqfubDq jmG ShL bq. (mck¶fnf} 172-175ix}) ˆjde jKf Jchƒ nkA sp, r™lq yfÑtAmq Kfjst zÌ-iakAÌ�yÑt Kfsj. zfv r™lqsj pdl wf§À W d²¿v vfJf pfq, kfrst hfdrsvv zÌ-iakAÌW snƒ mrfb hflwfv ubA wf§À W d²¿v Kfjsh. 27272727. . . . nftfm sIvfv nmq rfskv ƒwfvf mjv™rnftfm sIvfv nmq rfskv ƒwfvf mjv™rnftfm sIvfv nmq rfskv ƒwfvf mjv™rnftfm sIvfv nmq rfskv ƒwfvf mjv™r.... (nftfsmv dhhvB ûóhA)


176

bbbfffmmmfffppp pppfffssskkk hhhfffdddkkkttt rrrqqq

ˆmb hù jmG zfsY, pf bfmfspv dHksv jvst bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfq. sn nh jsmGv djYc dbmv™i}- 1111. . . . ziasqfusb bfmfspv dHkv k shwD bVfziasqfusb bfmfspv dHkv k shwD bVfziasqfusb bfmfspv dHkv k shwD bVfziasqfusb bfmfspv dHkv k shwD bVf----nvf hf ytfnvf hf ytfnvf hf ytfnvf hf ytf----sIvfsIvfsIvfsIvf jvfjvfjvfjvf pfsk zbA sj… slJst ˆƒ msb jsv sp, sn bfmfp isV db. (mcm} 3/352-353) jfvB, jKf htfv mk bfmfspv hdrHGCk zbAfbA jmG jvst bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfq. mrfb zfïfr hstb, ª--- zfv skfmvf zfïfrv nfmsb dhbDkHfsh l]fVfW.« (jc} 2/238) 2222. . . . bfmfspv sjfb v¢jXb hf wkG kAfo jvfbfmfspv sjfb v¢jXb hf wkG kAfo jvfbfmfspv sjfb v¢jXb hf wkG kAfo jvfbfmfspv sjfb v¢jXb hf wkG kAfo jvf}}}}---- LDv-d²¿vHfsh bfmfp bf iVfv jfvsB mrfbhD � bfmfp HctjfvD nfrfhfsj dkb-dkbhfv dIdvsq bfmfp iVsk zfslw jsvdYstb. (hc}, mc}, iamcJ, dm} 790 bQ) jfvB, LDv-d²¿v W wf§ÀHfsh bfmfp iVf bfmfspv ˆj v¢jXb W Ivp. pf kAfo jvfv iv nù dnulfr jvstW nQswfLb rq bf. zbcv™i nCvf Ifdkrf, v¢jC, sjfb dnulfr, nftfm hf zbA sjfb v¢jXb kAfo jvst bfmfpƒ rq bf. zhwA iasqfusbv yfsi djYc zh²¿f hAdkÛÁmW zfsY, pfsk lc-ˆjde v¢jXb (spmb djqfm, nCvf Ifdkrf) hfl sostW bfmfp rsq pfq. sn jKf pKf²¿fsb zfstfdyk rsh�ƒbwfzfïfr. diaq bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�bfifj rsq pfq, sn hAdÙÁ�icbvfq WpC bf jvf ipG§À kfv bfmfp jhct rq bf.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 300bQ) ªidhÛkf dhbf bfmfpƒ jhct rq bf.« (mc}, dm} 301bQ) nckvfQ bfmfp iVsk iVsk jfsvf Wpc sHsÌ�sost kfv bfmfp hfdkt. bfmfp kAfo jsv icbvfq WpC jsv�ˆsn bkcbHfsh bfmfp iVsk rsh. (zflf}, rf}, dm} 1007 bQ) zhwA WpC HfÌfv dbYj ns¦lsrv jfvsB bfmfp hfdkt rq bf. dbdÇykv™si WpC bó�rWqfv jKf bf ufbf sost bfmfp wcÝ�rsq pfsh. diaq vnCt � hstb, ª�(bfmfsp rfWqf shv rWqfv ns¦lr rst) wè bf swfbf zKhf lcoGá�bf ifWqf ipG§À sj… spb bfmfp kAfo bf jsv.« (hc} 137bQ, mc}, zflf}, ƒmf}, bf}) bfmfp iVsk iVsk wvmofr shv rsq iVst, mdrtfslv sie, diE, rfskv hfuc, yct ƒkAfdl iajfw rsq iVst (kf sjfb shofbf icv¢N slJsk ifjX zKhf bf ifjX) bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfq. bfmfp iVsk Kfjf jfst jfisV hDpG (öislfsNv) dyrÁ�zKhf (mdrtf) mfdnsjv lfo slJst bfmfp kAfo jvf uv¢vD. bfmfp zh²¿fq slr hf sthfsnv sjfb�²¿fsb bfifjD stso Kfjsk buv iVst pdl kf


177

nk¶v lCv jvf n©Hh rq, kfrst kf lCv jsv bfmfp rsq pfsh. spmb zdkdvÙÁ�sthfsn; zKGf{ eciD, v¢mft, ofmYf hf ifoVD zKhf uckfq bfifjD slJst ˆhQ nk¶v kf Jcst sIst dlst bfmfp wcÝ. ˆjlf bfmfp iVsk iVsk duhvDt � mfvI{ mrfbhD � k]fv uckfq bfifjD stso Kfjfv nQhfl sist dkdb kf Jcst sIst bfmfp n©iâ jsvdYstb. (zflf}, lf}, dm} 766 bQ)

nk¶v sJftf n©Hh bf rst zKhf iCBG sthfn idvhkGb jvf lvjfv rst bfmfp kAfo jsv idhÛ�sthfn isv icbvfq bfmfp iVsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/289) jfsvf bfmfp iVfv iv pdl msb isV sp sn dhbf WpCsk bfmfp isVsY, zKhf jfisV (dbsuv) hDpG (öislfN) hf (mdrtf) mfdnsjv dyrÁ�slsJ, kfrst bfmfp wcÝ�rq db. pKf dbqsm idhÛ�rWqfv iv sn bfmfp icbvfq iVsk rsh. jfvB, slr bfifj svsJ bfmfpƒ rq bf. i[f§Àsv bfmfp iVfv iv pdl slsJ, jfisV ianafh, ifqJfbf hf zbA sjfb bfifjD stso zfsY; zKGf{ sn kf dbsqƒ bfmfp isVsY, kfrst bf ufbfv jfvsB kfv bfmfp wcÝ�rsq pfsh. zfv dIdvsq iVsk rsh bf. jfvB, hfƒsvv jfisV (zbcv™i sjfb zsÌ)�bfifjD stso KfjstW kfv slr zfnst ifj dYt. (Iƒ} 1/198, 298) 4444. . . . susbwcsb ƒ¤Yfjxk jKf htfsusbwcsb ƒ¤Yfjxk jKf htfsusbwcsb ƒ¤Yfjxk jKf htfsusbwcsb ƒ¤Yfjxk jKf htf}}}}---- zfècïfr dhb mfn†l hstb, bhD � ˆv bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq zfmvf k]fsj nftfm dlkfm�ˆhQ dkdb nftfsmv�…ÙvW dlskb. zk}iv pJb bfufwDv dbje sKsj dIsv ˆtfm, kJb nftfm dlst dkdb …Ùv dlstb bf. isv jfvB duÎfnf jvst dkdb htstb, ªbfmfsp mokf zfsY.« (hc} 1199 bQ, mc} iamcJ) pfql dhb zfvjfm hstb, bhD � ˆv pcso zfmvf bfmfsp jKf htkfm; zfmfslv msLA sj… sj… kfv nÌDsj dbsuv iasqfusbv jKf htk. zk}iv pJb zfïfrv ˆƒ dbslGw zhkDBG rt, ªskfmvf bfmfpnmCr ˆhQ dhswN jsv mLAhkGD (zfnsvv) bfmfspv iadk pkhfb rW. zfv zfïfrv …sÜswA dhbDkHfsh l]fVfW.«�kJb zfmvf yci Kfjsk (bfmfspv nCvf, lczf, lv™l YfVf zbA jKf bf htsk) zfdló�rtfm. (hc} 1200 bQ, mc} iamcJ) zhwA bfmfsp jKf htf rfvfm kf bf susb pdl sj… jKf hstƒ sIst, kfrst kfv bfmfp hfdkt bq. ˆj hAdÙÁ�bfmfsp r]fyst (dY]dj mfvst) mczfdhqf dhb rfjfm bfmfspv zh²¿fskƒ ‰ hAdÙÁv ubA `qAfvrfmcjfïfr' hst lczf jvst nfrfhfoB dbsuslv ufbcsk zfOfk jsv k]fsj yci jvfsk yfƒstb. bfmfp swN rst zflwG dw[j diaq vnCt � k]fsj bvmHfsh hcdUsq htstb, ªˆƒ bfmfsp stfj-nmfsuv sjfb jKf htf ShL (nÌk) bq.�ˆsk pf htsk rq kf rt; knhDr, kjhDv W jcvzfb ifE.« (mc}, dm} 978 bQ) …ÙÁ�rflDsn�ˆ�jKf�…sïJ sbƒ sp, dkdb k]fsj bfmfp dIdvsq iVsk hstdYstb. nckvfQ hcUf sot, zufs§À sj… jKf hst sItst kfv bfmfp bó�rsq pfsh bf. (dInc} 1/239) …sïJA sp, bfmfspv nCvf, lczf-lv™l ƒkAfdlv zbchflW pdl bfmfsp htf rq, kfrstW


178

bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfsh. jfvB, zbchflW mfbcsNv nfLfvB jKfv wfdmt. iajfw Kfsj sp, jKf pdl bfmfp nQswfLb jvfv mfbsnW htf iasqfub rq, khcW htf ShL bq. spmb pdl ƒmfm zfnsvv nmq sufsv dj¶vfzfk iVsk wcv¢ jsv ˆhQ sjfb mcÙÁflD kf nQswfLsbv�…sÜswA hst,�`ˆef zfnsvv bfmfp' zKhf pdl�ƒmfm ˆj dnulfv iv hsn pfq ˆhQ sjfb mcÙÁflD `knhDr' htfv ivW hcUsk bf ifsv sp, däkDq dnulfr jvsk rsh; Ist sn�…Esk pfq.�ˆ�s[sÛ�sjfb mcÙÁflDv `dnulfr' hf `dnulfr jv¢b' htfW ShL bq. ˆv™i htst bfmfp hfdkt. jfvB, iCshGƒ zfmvf susbdY sp, bfmfsp djYc Oest mrfbhD � zfmfslvsj (icv¢sNv ubA) knhDr ˆhQ (mdrtfv ubA) rfkkfdt dhsLq jsvsYb. (mcm} 3/364-365) ˆ dhNsq ˆjde hAdkÛÁf§À hAfifv ˆƒ sp, sjfb ufmfzfskv stfj Hct jsv yfv vfjzfskv ufqofq dkb vfjzfk isV nftfm dIvfv iv mcÙÁflDslv sj… ˆƒ Hct nìsá�n¹vB dlst ˆhQ ƒmfmW dbdÇyk rWqfv ubA zbAfbAsj duÎfnfhfl jvst nQswfLsbv�…sÜswA zfsvf�ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp zhwAƒ iVsh ˆhQ nù dnulfr jvsh. zfv ˆv mfsU ƒmfm-mcÙÁflDv�‰�jsKfijKb bfmfspv ubA [dkjv rsh bf. spsrkc�ˆ�jKf kJbƒ htf rq, pJb nftfm dIsv slWqf rq. zfv kJb jKf htf ShL. i[f§Àsv dbdÇyk ufbf pfq bf sp, nkAƒ bfmfp jm iVf rsqsY dj bf. ˆ vjmƒ rsqdYt mrfbhD � W nfrfhfosBv. (slJcb, hc} 714, mc} 573 bQ) 5555. . . . ifbfrfv jvfifbfrfv jvfifbfrfv jvfifbfrfv jvf}}}}---- bfmfp iVsk iVsk sJst zKhf ifb jvst bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfq. mcsJv dHkv ifb, ofdt (?), ycƒQofm iaHxdk svsJ bfmfp rq bf. jfvB ˆ jfu bfmfspv idvi§¿D. (dInc} 1/240, dInc} …lcGc 130 ix}) 6666. . . . rfnfrfnfrfnfrfnf}}}}---- rfnstW zbcv™i jfvsB bfmfp hfdkt idvodBk rq. (dInc} 1/240, dInc} …lGc 130ix}) zhwA sjfb rfnAjv dudbn slsJ zKhf rfnAjv jKf wcsb rfdn sysi vfJsk bf sisv pdl sj… mcydj rfdn (wè bf jsv) srsn sIst, kfrst kfv bfmfp hfdkt rsh bf. iajfw Kfsj sp, bfmfpDsj rfnfhfv syóf jvf kKf kfv bfmfp bó jvfv jfu wqkfsbv. sjfb mcndtm mfbcsNv ˆ jfu rWqf …dyk bq. 7. dikfv rfvfm …ifsq …ifduGk zKG sJst W hAq jvst icsÛv bfmfp hfdkt bq. ksh snƒ zKG hAhrfv bf jvsk pKfnfLA iaqfn Kfjsk rsh. zfv sp hAdÙÁ�zfïfrsj Hq jsv ivsrpofvD zhtìb jsv, zfïfr kfv ubA ytfv iK nru jsv slb. zfv dkdb kfsj ˆmb ufqof sKsj v¢pD lfb jsv Kfsjb, pf sn hcUsk W j¬ibfƒ jvsk ifsv bf. (Iƒ} 1/264) 8. `pfsk WpC bó�rq bf' dwsvfbfsm zfstfdyk rsqsY sp, o]fsev dbsy jfiV Ucdtsq bfmfp iVst WpC W bfmfp djYcƒ hfdkt rq bf. zhwA ˆmb jfu jvst kfv …iv


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sKsj mrfb zfïfrv ncbuv W lfdqk¶ …sE pfq. zfv WpC W bfmfp hfdkt rWqfv hAfifsv ltDstv rflDn nrDr bq. (Iƒ} 1/301) 9. sjfb jfvsB ƒmfsmv bfmfp hfdkt rst iÇyfsk mcÙÁflDslv bfmfp hfdkt bq. (mcm} 2/315-317) ˆ dhNsq ƒmfmdkv dhhvB ûóhA. 10. bfmfpD pdl ufsb sp kfv nfmsb dlsq sjfb mdrtf, ofLf hf jfstf jcjcv zdkÛÁm jvsh�ˆhQ�ˆ�ufbf nsÙ¶W dhbf nckvfq bfmfp isV, kfrst�‰�dkbsev�ˆjefW kfv nfmsb shsq ifv rsq�sost kfv bfmfp hfdkt. jfvB, nckvfv dhhvsB zfmvf susbdY sp, ‰ dkbde dudbn bfmfp bó�jsv slq. (mcm} 3/343, 392) zbcv™i mcÙÁflDv nckvfr�ƒmfsmv nckvfƒ. zkˆh ƒmfm nckvfr svsJ bfmfp bf iVst ˆhQ ‰ dkbsev ˆjef nfmsb shsq zdkÛÁm jvst�ƒmfm-mcÙÁflD njstv bfmfp hfdkt. iajfw sp, bfmfp iVsk iVsk bfmfp hfdkt rWqf ufbf sost zKhf WpC bó�rWqf hcUsk ifvst nfsK nfsK bfmfp sYsV shdvsq zfnf Wqfsuh. tÏfq�hf zbA jfvsB bfmfp swN jvf rfvfm�ˆhQ kf�ˆj iajfv zfïfrv nfsK hAÌ�jvf! jfvB, pf dkdb oarB jvshb bf, kf susbwcsbW dbshlb jvsk Kfjf�…irfn Shdj? (mcm} 3/392-393) zhwA ufmfzfsk Kfjst tÏf rWqf�öfHfdhj. dhswN jsv rfWqf shv rWqfv Ist WpC bó�rst zsbsj bfmfp hf ufmfzfk kAfo jsv jfkfv sHsÌ�zfnsk tÏf W nQsjfyshfL jsv. dj§Â�mrfbhD��ˆƒ tÏf Tfjfv ubA�ˆj jxdÛm�…ifsqv jKf hst dlsqsYb; dkdb hstb,�ªpJb skfmfslv msLA sj… kfv bfmfsp bfifj rsq pfsh kJb sn spb kfv bfj Lsv sbq. zk}iv shv rsq zfsn.« (zflf} 1114, rf} 1/184, dm} 1007 bQ) k¶DhD hstb, ˆƒ dbslGw ˆƒ ubA sp, pfsk stfsjvf msb jsv kfv bfsj vÙÁ�zfnsY (kfƒ shv rsq pfs¤Y). zfv ˆv™i jvf dmKAf bq, hvQ kf `kfWdvqfr' hf ShL zdHbq. wqkfb pfsk kfv msb stfjslvsj wvm jvfv jKf ncswfdHk bf jsv sIst (ˆhQ bfmfp iVskƒ sKsj pfq). kfƒ kfv ubA ˆ jfsuv zbcmdk W dbslGw slWqf rsqsY. (zfmf}, dmvjfk, dmwjfskv eDjf 1bQ, 1/318)

jjjfffvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp jjjhhhcc cttt bbbqqq??? djYc bfmfpD zfsY, pfvf bfmfp skf isV; dj§Â�kfslv bfmfp zfïfr vêct zftfmDsbv lvhfsv jhct W oxrDk rq bf. bfmfpD zKhf bfmfspv zh²¿f slsJ mrfb zfïfr n§Âó�rb bf.�ˆmb jkjÈdt bfmfpD dbmv™i}- 1111. . . . itfkj ÛÁDklfnitfkj ÛÁDklfnitfkj ÛÁDklfnitfkj ÛÁDklfn}}}}---- 2222. . . . ˆmb ˆmb ˆmb ˆmb ²²²²ÃÃÃÃD,D,D,D, pfv�öfmD kfv …iv vfo jsv zfsY. ²ÃD�öfmDsj nhGlf sJfw vfJsh, kfv (Hfstf jKf W jfsu) zfbcokA jvsh, kfv nh jKf smsb ytsh, spZbncJ dlsq kfsj nhGlf kxå�vfJsh, sjfb dhNsq vfo rst kf nk¶v dmdesq sbWqfv syóf jsv nh djYcsk kfsj n§Âó�vfJsh�-ˆefƒ rt ²ÃDv LmG. mrfbhD � hstb, skfmfslv (snƒ) ²ÃDvfW


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ufâfkD rsh, sp ²ÃD zdLj iaBdqBD, n§ÀfblfÛD, hfvhfv Hct jsv hfvhfv�öfmDv dbje zfk¹nmiGBjfdvBD, pfv öfmD vfo jvst sn kfv dbje�ˆsn kfv rfsk rfk svsJ hst, zfidb vfuD (Efàf) bf rWqf ipG§À zfdm Ocmfh bf.« (dnn} 287 bQ) dj§Â�ˆmb hù mdrtf zfsY, pfvf kfslv öfmDv sJsq-isvW�ˆmb vfo-svfNsj isvfqf jsv bf. bfvD-öfLDbkfv i[ifdkbD�öfmDv nQnfsvW ivm�öfLDbkf-ncJ sHfo jvsk dosq�öfmDsj bfvfu vfsJ. Ist dhw¶öfmDW bfvfu rb�ˆhQ snƒ ²ÃDv wpAfnÌD�öfmDsj sJfw jvfv zfso bfmfp iVstW sn bfmfsp dkdb sJfw rb bf. jfvB,�`ùjCjct ƒhfl' zflfq bf jvf ipG§À mrfb zfïfr hf¦lfv kfWhfsk n§Âó�rb bf. pfv iadk zbAfq jvf rq, kfv dbje zfso [mf sist kshƒ mrfb zfïfr [mf jsvb. bsy{ bf. 3333. . . . ˆmb stfj sp jfsvf dhbf zbcmdk W zfslswƒ jfsvf ufbfpf ˆmb stfj sp jfsvf dhbf zbcmdk W zfslswƒ jfsvf ufbfpf ˆmb stfj sp jfsvf dhbf zbcmdk W zfslswƒ jfsvf ufbfpf ˆmb stfj sp jfsvf dhbf zbcmdk W zfslswƒ jfsvf ufbfpf iVfq (ƒmfmdk jsv). iVfq (ƒmfmdk jsv). iVfq (ƒmfmdk jsv). iVfq (ƒmfmdk jsv). ˆmb ƒmfm, pfv ƒmfmdk zdLjfQw mcÙÁflDvf iY¦l jsv bf. kfv diYsb bfmfp iVsk kfslv v¢dy rq bf. ƒmfmdksk Hct zfyvB zKhf ydvÛok sjfb jfvsB zdLjfQw stfsj kfsj�ƒmfmdk jvsk dlsk yfq bf. ˆmb ƒmfsmv bfmfp kfv jfb zdkÛÁm jsv bf, mfKfv�…isv pfq bf, zfjfswv dlsj WsE bf, nfk zfnmfb ifv rsq zfïfrv lvhfsv jhct rWqf skf hù lCsvv jKf. mrfbhD � hstb, ªdkb hAdÙÁv bfmfp kfslv jfb zdkÛÁm jsv bf; itfkj�ÛÁDklfn, pk[B bf sn dIsv�ˆsnsY,�ˆmb�²ÃD pfv�öfmD kfv�…iv vfofd¦hk zh²¿fq vfdÛpfib jsvsY, (pk[B bf sn vfuD rsqsY), (zKhf sp�²ÃD kfv�öfmDv zhfLAfyvB jsvsY, sn kfv hfLAf bf rWqf ipG§À) ˆhQ snƒ n©ialfsqv ƒmfm, pfsj stfsj ziY¦l jsv.« (dk}, k¶fhf, rf}, dnn} 288, 650bQ) 4444....ˆmb stfjˆmb stfjˆmb stfjˆmb stfj, , , , sp sjfb oBsjv jfsY HfoA W HdhNAk ufbfv zfwfq sp sjfb oBsjv jfsY HfoA W HdhNAk ufbfv zfwfq sp sjfb oBsjv jfsY HfoA W HdhNAk ufbfv zfwfq sp sjfb oBsjv jfsY HfoA W HdhNAk ufbfv zfwfq oBjsj `ƒtXsm ofqshv mfdtj' msb jsv rfk slJfq.oBjsj `ƒtXsm ofqshv mfdtj' msb jsv rfk slJfq.oBjsj `ƒtXsm ofqshv mfdtj' msb jsv rfk slJfq.oBjsj `ƒtXsm ofqshv mfdtj' msb jsv rfk slJfq. ˆmb hAdÙÁv -sjht oBsjv jfsY pfWqfv jfvsBƒ- kfv 40 dlsbv (200 zsÙÁv) bfmfp jhct rq bf! kfv�…iv oBj pf hst kf dhw¶fn jvst skf zbA jKf. dhw¶fn jvst skf sn mCstƒ `jfsIv'-ˆ idvBk rsq pfq. zfv jfsIsvv bfmfp-svfpf zhwAƒ mjhCt bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ sjfb oBsjv dbje …id²¿k rsq sjfb (HCk-HdhNA{ hf ofqhD) dhNq n©isjG duÎfnf jsv, sn hAdÙÁv 40 dlsbv bfmfp jhct rq bf.« (mc} 2230bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ sjfb oBj hf suAfdkNDv dbje …id²¿k rsq sn pf hst kf nkA msb (dhÇhfn) jvt, sn hAdÙÁ mcrf©ml � ˆv …iv zhkDBG (jcvzfsbv) iadk jcIvD jvt.« (zfrml, rfsjm, nrDùt ufsm' 5939bQ) 5555. . . . wfvfhDwfvfhDwfvfhDwfvfhD, , , , mlAifqDmlAifqDmlAifqDmlAifqD}}}}---- mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfmfv …©mskv sp hAdÙÁ�ml ifb jvsh, zfïfr kfv 40 dlb bfmfp jhct jvshb bf.« (bf}, nuf} 7717 bQ) 6666. . . . ˆmb bfmfpDˆmb bfmfpDˆmb bfmfpDˆmb bfmfpD, , , , sp bfmfp isV dj§Âsp bfmfp isV dj§Âsp bfmfp isV dj§Âsp bfmfp isV dj§Âbbbbfmfp ycdv jsv.fmfp ycdv jsv.fmfp ycdv jsv.fmfp ycdv jsv. lfq nfvf jsv isV.


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dEjmk v¢jC-dnulfr jsv bf. v¢jCsk d²¿v rq bf, dnulfq d²¿v Kfsj bf. sjfmv h]fjfsbf mfÛ�kcst sbq. `nc-nc-nc' jsv lczf isV yeXieX …sE pfq! jfsvf sjfmv dEjmk h]fsj bf. mfKf …]yc jsvƒ v¢jC jsv. jfsvf dnulfv nmq bfj mcnfïfq ±iwG jsv bf. jfsvf if lc'de …iv dlsj ifïfq rfîf rWqfv mk …sE pfq. sj… v¢jC W dnulfv mfsU d²¿v rsq l]fVfq bf. rfI l]fdVsq dnulfq pfq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsr mcndtm lt! sn hAdÙÁv bfmfp rq bf, sp hAdÙÁ�v¢jC W dnulfsk dbu diE snfuf jsv bf.« (zf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, nkf} 524 bQ) ªzfïfr snƒ hf¦lfv bfmfspv dlsj kfdjsqW slsJb bf, sp v¢jC W dnulfv mfsU dbu diEsj snfuf jsv (l]fVfq) bf.« (zf} 4/22, k¶fhf, nkf} 525, dnn} 2536 bQ) ªmfbcN 60 hYv Lsv bfmfp isV, zKy kfv ˆjde bfmfpW jhct rq bf! jfvB, rqskf hf sn v¢jC iCBGv™si jsv, dj§Â�dnulfr iCBGv™si jsv bf. zKhf dnulfr iCBGv™si jsv, dj§Â�v¢jC dEjmk jsv bf.« (zfnhfrfbD, dnn} 2535 bQ) ªbfmfp 3 Hfso dhHÙÁ;�ˆj kxkDqfQw idhÛkf,�ˆj kxkDqfQw v¢jC ˆhQ zfv ˆj kxkDqfQw rt dnulfr. nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ�kf pKfKGv™si zflfq jvsh, kfv dbje sKsj kf jhct jvf rsh ˆhQ kfv zbAfbA nm²À zfmtW jhct jvf rsh. zfv pfv bfmfp vÜ jvf rsh, kfv zbA njt zfmtsj vÜX jsv slWqf rsh.«�(hfppfv, dnn} 2537 bQ) 7777. . . . zfpfb wcsbW sp bfmfpD dhbf Wusv mnduslv ufmfzfsk bfmfp zfpfb wcsbW sp bfmfpD dhbf Wusv mnduslv ufmfzfsk bfmfp zfpfb wcsbW sp bfmfpD dhbf Wusv mnduslv ufmfzfsk bfmfp zfpfb wcsbW sp bfmfpD dhbf Wusv mnduslv ufmfzfsk bfmfp isV bf}isV bf}isV bf}isV bf}---- ufmfzfsk bfmfp iVf Wqfsuh. ˆƒ Wqfsuh kAfo jvst kfv bfmfp jhct bfW rsk ifsv. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�zfpfb swfbf nsÙ¶W mndusl ufmfzfsk�ˆsn bfmfp zflfq jsv bf, sjfb Wuv bf Kfjst sn hAdÙÁv bfmfp jhct rq bf.« (zflf} 551, ƒmf}, ƒdr}, rf}, nuf} 6300 bQ) 8888. . . . ˆmb mdrtfˆmb mdrtfˆmb mdrtfˆmb mdrtf, , , , sp zfkv hf sn¦e smsJ mnduslv ubA shv rqsp zfkv hf sn¦e smsJ mnduslv ubA shv rqsp zfkv hf sn¦e smsJ mnduslv ubA shv rqsp zfkv hf sn¦e smsJ mnduslv ubA shv rq}}}}---- ˆmb mdrtf pk[B ipG§À bf bfifjDv sofnt jvfv mk sofnt jsvsY kk[B ipG§À kfv bfmfp jhct rsh bf. (ƒmf}, nuf} 2703 bQ) 9999. . . . dikfmfkdikfmfkdikfmfkdikfmfkfv zhfLA n§Àfb.fv zhfLA n§Àfb.fv zhfLA n§Àfb.fv zhfLA n§Àfb. 10101010. . . . lfb jsv sp lfsbv jKfq ohGHsv iayfv jsv shVfqlfb jsv sp lfsbv jKfq ohGHsv iayfv jsv shVfqlfb jsv sp lfsbv jKfq ohGHsv iayfv jsv shVfqlfb jsv sp lfsbv jKfq ohGHsv iayfv jsv shVfq.... 11111111. . . . kjlDv zöDjfvjfvD hAdÙÁkjlDv zöDjfvjfvD hAdÙÁkjlDv zöDjfvjfvD hAdÙÁkjlDv zöDjfvjfvD hAdÙÁ.... (k¶fhf, nuf} 3065 bQ) 12121212. . . . isvv hfisj sp dbsuv hfi hst lfhD jsvisvv hfisj sp dbsuv hfi hst lfhD jsvisvv hfisj sp dbsuv hfi hst lfhD jsvisvv hfisj sp dbsuv hfi hst lfhD jsv.... (hc}, mc}) 13131313. . . . sp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁsjfb mcndtmsj rkAf jsvsjfb mcndtmsj rkAf jsvsjfb mcndtmsj rkAf jsvsjfb mcndtmsj rkAf jsvˆhQ kfsk sn ohGshfL jsv ˆhQ kfsk sn ohGshfL jsv ˆhQ kfsk sn ohGshfL jsv ˆhQ kfsk sn ohGshfL jsv W JcwD rq.W JcwD rq.W JcwD rq.W JcwD rq. (hf} 8/21, nuf} 6454 bQ) 14141414. . . . Jcsbv hlst Jcsbv hltf dbsk sp hAdÙÁJcsbv hlst Jcsbv hltf dbsk sp hAdÙÁJcsbv hlst Jcsbv hltf dbsk sp hAdÙÁJcsbv hlst Jcsbv hltf dbsk sp hAdÙÁ(wfnbjkxGi[sj) hfLf (wfnbjkxGi[sj) hfLf (wfnbjkxGi[sj) hfLf (wfnbjkxGi[sj) hfLf slq.slq.slq.slq. (zflf}, bf}, nuf} 6451 bQ) 15151515. . . . sp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁmlDbfq sjfb dhlzfk jfu jsv zKhf sjfb mlDbfq sjfb dhlzfk jfu jsv zKhf sjfb mlDbfq sjfb dhlzfk jfu jsv zKhf sjfb mlDbfq sjfb dhlzfk jfu jsv zKhf sjfb


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dhlzfkDsj zfwaq slq.dhlzfkDsj zfwaq slq.dhlzfkDsj zfwaq slq.dhlzfkDsj zfwaq slq. zKhf sjfb lc°jmG jsv hf lc°jxkDsj zfwaq slq. 16161616. . . . sp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁsp hAdÙÁmcndtmslv mcndtmslv mcndtmslv mcndtmslv nfsKnfsKnfsKnfsK dhw¶fnOfkjk dhw¶fnOfkjk dhw¶fnOfkjk dhw¶fnOfkjkf jsv.f jsv.f jsv.f jsv. (hc}, mc} 1370 bQ) …ipGcÙÁ�hAdÙÁhsoGv sjfb Ivp-bIt bfmfp W�ƒhflkƒ (zKhf kWhf W mcdÙÁiB djqfmsk) jhct jvf rsh bf.

jjjfffpppfff bbbfffmmmfffppp sj… pKfnmsq bfmfp iVsk Ocdmsq zKhf Hcst sost ˆhQ kfv dbdlGó�nmq zdkhfdrk rsq sost, isv pJbƒ kfv sykb rsh zKhf msb iVsh kJbƒ ‰ (Ivp) bfmfp jfpf iVf uv¢vD. diaq bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ�sjfb bfmfp iVsk Hcst pfq zKhf Ocdmsq isV, kfrst kfv jfIXIfvf rt n¹vB rWqf mfÛ�kf isV sbWqf.« zbA ˆj hBGbfq hstb, ªˆ YfVf kfv zfv sjfb jfIXIfvf (iafqdÇyÙ)�sbƒ.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 603 bQ) dkb zfsvf hstb, ªdbûf zh²¿fq sjfb SwdKtA sbƒ. SwdKtA skf ufoak zh²¿fq rq. nckvfQ pJb skfmfslv msLA sj… sjfb bfmfp iVsk Hcst pfq zKhf Ocdmsq isV, kJb kfv …dyk, n¹vB rWqf mfÛ�kf isV sbWqf. sjb bf, zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªzfv zfmfsj n¹vB jvfv …sÜswA kcdm bfmfp jfsqm jv.« (jc} 20/14, mc}, dm} 604bQ) zkˆh jfpf bfmfp iVfv ubA sjfb nmq-znmq sbƒ. dlhf-vfsÛv sp sjfb nmsq sykb rst hf msb iVstƒ …sE nhGfsoa bfmfp isV sbWqf uv¢vD. zbAKf ivhkGD nmsqv zsi[f ShL bq. dhbf Wusv ƒ¤Yfjxk bfmfp sYsV dlst hf ncspfo W nmq Kfjf nsÙ¶W bf isV zbA zÙÁX ˆsn sost ifi skf rshƒ; iv§Â�sn bfmfspv zfv jfpf sbƒ. iVstW kf oarBspfoA bq. dhbf Wusv pKfnmsq bfmfp bf isV zbA nmsq jfpf iVfq sjfb tfH sbƒ. hvQ sp hAdÙÁ�ˆmb jsv sIstsY kfv�…dyk, dhwcÝdysÙ�kWhf jvf�ˆhQ kfviv pKfnmsq bfmfp iVfq pkhfb rWqfv nfsK nfsK bIt bfmfp shwD shwD jsv iVf. (mcrfïf, dInc} 1/241-243, dInc} …lGc 78ix}, 1bQ eDjf, mh} 5/306, 15/77, 16/105, 20/174, dm} 603bQ rflDsnv zfthfbDv eDjf û}) sj… zÎfb Kfjst�Îfb dIvfv iCshGv bfmfp jfpf iVsk rsh bf. jfvB, sn�ÎfbrDb ifostv ipGfqHcÙÁ.�zfv ifostv ifi-icBA djYc sbƒ. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 3287 bQ, mh} 26/128, dInc} 1/241, mcm} 2/126) ƒhsb …mfv zÎfb zh²¿fq sjfb bfmfp kAfo jvst kf zfv jfpf iVskb bf. (zfvf}, dInc} 1/241) zhwA bfmfp iVsk ifvk ˆmb nmsqv iv zÎfb rst�Îfb dIvfv iv snƒ nmsqv bfmfp jfpf iVf uv¢vD. (mcm} 2/126-127) i[f§Àsv sjfb hAdÙÁ�pdl sjfb jfvsB sjfb h²Â�hAhrfv jsv sö¤Yfq shùw rq, kfrst kfv ubA jfpf iVf uv¢vD. (‰ 2/18)


183

jfpf bfmfp iVfv ubA zfpfb W ƒjfmk dhsLq. jsqj zsÙÁv bfmfp jfpf iVsk rst, iaKmhfv zfpfb W kfviv iaskAj bfmfspv ubA iCshG�ƒjfmk htf jkGhA. ˆj nIsv zfïfrv vnCt � nr nfrfhfoB Ocdmsq iVst Iusvv bfmfp Ycse pfq. k]fslv sykb rq nCpG WEfv iv. zk}iv ˆjec nsv dosq k]fvf WpC jsvb. dhtft zfpfb slb. (mc} 681, zf}, zflf}) zk}iv ncâk jfpf isV ƒjfmk dlsq Iusvv Ivp jfpf isVb. (hc} 344, mc} 680 bQ, bfzf} 2/27) J¦lsjv pcsÝv nmq mrfbhD � W nfrfhfosBv yfv zsÙÁv bfmfp Ycse sost oHDv vfdÛsk dkdb dhtft sj zfpfb dlsk zfslw jsvb. (wfsIqD,�ƒJc}, ƒdr}) zk}iv iaskAj bfmfspv iCshG ƒjfmk dlsk hstb. ˆƒHfsh iaKsm spfrv, zk}iv zfnv, mfosvh W ˆwfv bfmfp iviv jfpf isVb. (bf}, zf}, hf} iamcJ, ƒo} 1/257) …sïJA sp, Iusvv zfpfb dlsb dlsk rstW `zfnXnftfkc Jfƒv¢m dmbfb bf…m« htsk rsh. jfvB Iusvv ‰ jfpf bfmfsp mrfbhD � Iusvv nmq pf jsvb, dlsbW kfƒ jsv bfmfp zflfq jsvsYb hst iamfB zfsY. (mc} 681bQ, mcm} 1/204) sp bfmfp sp zh²¿fq jfpf rq, snƒ bfmfpsj snƒ zh²¿f W zfjfsv iVf uv¢vD. nckvfQ vfskv bfmfp dlsb jfpf iVfv ncspfo rst vfskv mkƒ jsv sufsv dj¶vfzfk jvsk rsh. jfvB, mrfbhD � pJb Iusvv bfmfp dlsb jfpf isVdYstb, kJb dEj snƒv™iƒ isVdYstb, spv™i iaskAj dlb Iusvv nmq iVskb. (mc} 681bQ) klbcv™i Ycse pfWqf bfmfp vfsk jfpf iVfv ncspfo rst dlsbv mkƒ ycsiycsi dj¶vfzfk iVsk rsh. (bfzf} 2/27, mcm} 4/204, Iƒ} 1/310) klbcv™i sj… mcnfdIv zh²¿fq bfmfp jfpf jsv hfdV dIvst, hfdV dIvfv iv bfmfp jnv jsv bf isV icsvficdv iVsh; dj§Â�‰�jfpf bfmfp jnv jsvƒ zflfq jvsh. jfvB, nIv zh²¿fq kfv jnv bfmfpƒ jfpf rsqsY. zfv hfdVsk Kfjf zh²¿fq sjfb Ycse pfWqf bfmfp nIsv msb iVst hf jfpf iVfv ncspfo rst kf icsvficdvƒ zflfq jvsk rsh. smfe jKf spmb bfmfp jfpf rsh, dEj skmdbHfsh kf zflfq jvsk rsh. (mcm} 4/518)

jjjfffpppfff bbbfffmmmfffsssppp kkkvvvkkkDDDhhh uuuvvv ¢¢¢vvvDDD

sjfb bfmfp Ycse sost sn bfmfp jfpf iVfv ivƒ hkGmfb bfmfp iVf pfsh. zbcv™i jsqj zsÙÁv bfmfp�ˆj�nsÌ�jfpf iVsk rst zbcÛÁm W kvkDh zbcpfqD iaKsm Iuv, zk}iv spfrv, zk}iv zfnv, mfosvh, ˆwf -ˆƒ dbqsm zflfq jvsk rsh. zfof-diYc jsv iVf ShL bq. J¦lsjv pcsÝ�mrfbhD � W nfrfhfosBv jsqj zsÙÁv bfmfp Ycest�‰�kvkDh sJqft svsJƒ iviv zflfq jsvdYstb. (hc}, mc}, iamcJ, bfzf} 2/29) ˆJb pdl sj… spfrsvv bfmfp jfpf svsJ zfnsvv zsÙÁ�mndusl zfsn, kfrst sn


184

iaKsm spfrsvv bfmfp isV sbsh. kfviv iVsh zfnsvv bfmfp. dj§Â�sj… pdl ˆmb nmq mndusl zfsn, sp nmq zfnsvv ufmfzfk ytsY, kfrst sn ˆjfjD jfpf iVsk ifsv bf. jfvB, ufmfzfk ytfjfst ˆjƒ ²¿fsb däkDq ufmfzfk hf ixKj�ˆjfjD (ufmfzfkD) bfmfp rq bf. (mc}, dm} 1058 bQ) zfhfv jfpf svsJ zfnsvv bfmfp ufmfzfsk iVst spfrsvv iCshG zfnv iVf rq. zfv kf rt kvkDh W zbcÛÁsmv idvi§¿D. nckvfQ sn hAdÙÁ�kvkDh hufq svsJ spfrsvv jfpf zflfsqv dbqsk ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsh�ˆhQ kfviv�ˆjfjD zfnv isV sbsh. (kcƒ} 66ix}) ˆ s[sÛ�ƒmfsmv dbqk dHâ rstW …ÙÁ�mcÙÁflDv bfmfspv sjfb [dk rsh bf. jfvB,�ƒmfm-mcÙÁflDv dbqk ixKj ixKj rstW�…Hsqv bfmfp sp wcÝ,�kfv iamfB ncâfrsk mucl. mrfbhD � ˆjlf ˆj hAdÙÁsj�ˆjfjD bfmfp iVsk slJst dkdb zbAfbA nfrfhDslv�…sÜswA htstb,�ªˆmb sj… dj sbƒ, sp ˆv nfsK bfmfp isV ˆsj (ufmfzfskv nWqfh) lfb jvsh?« ˆ jKf wcsb ˆj hAdÙÁ�…sE kfv nfsK bfmfp iVt. (zflf} 574, dk}, dm} 1146 bQ) zKy sn mrfbhD � ˆv nfsK ‰ bfmfp iCshG isVdYt. nckvfQ ƒmfsmv dYt Ivp ˆhQ mcÙÁflDv bIt. ˆjlf dkdb nftfm dIsv slJstb, mnduslv ˆj iafs§À lcƒ hAdÙÁ�ufmfzfsk bfmfp isV db. jfvB duÎfnf jvst kfvf j]fisk j]fisk htt, `zfmvf zfmfslv hfnfq bfmfp isV dbsqdY.' dkdb htstb,�ªˆmbde zfv jsvf bf. hvQ pJb skfmfslv sj… dbu hfnfq bfmfp isV sbq, zk}iv (mndusl ˆsn) slsJ sp, ƒmfm bfmfp isV db, kJb sn spb (däkDqhfv) k]fv nfsK bfmfp isV. zfv ˆ bfmfp kfv ubA bIt rsh.« (zflf} 575, dk}, bf}, dm} 1152 bQ) zbcv™i mczfp dhb ufhft mrfbhD � ˆv nfsK k]fv mndusl (bhhDsk) bfmfp iVskb. zk}iv dbu sofsÛ�dIsv�ˆsn�‰�bfmfspvƒ ƒmfmdk jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1150 bQ) zkˆh hcUf sot sp, ˆj bfmfspv iÇyfsk zbA bfmfp iVf slfNfhr W zwcÝ�bq. nckvfQ�…ÙÁ�s[sÛ�kvkDshv Wqfsuh�…ïQOb bf jsv spfrsvv jfpf bfmfp zfnsvv ufmfzfsk isV sbWqfƒ …Ùm. i[f§Àsv mrfbhD � ˆv ˆƒ rflDn ªpJb bfmfp JfVf rq, kJb Ivp (hf snƒ) bfmfp YfVf zbA sjfb bfmfp sbƒ.« (hc} dhbf nbsl, Ihf} 2/174, mc} 710 bQ, zf} 2/352, iamcJ) ˆv zKG rt ufmfzfk JfVf rst Ivp hf (‰ bfmfp kfsj iVsk rst) ‰ bfmfsp wfdmt rWqf YfVf ixKj jsv sjfb bIt hf ncâk bfmfp iVf ShL bq. zKGf{ ƒjfmskv iv zfv sjfb ncâk hf bIt bfmfp wcÝ�rsh bf. rflDsnv hAfJAfkfoB�ˆv™iƒ hAfJAf jsvsYb. (slJcb, wvùb bWhD 5/221, Ihf} 2/175, zfmf} 4/101) ˆJfsb ˆj bfmfspv ufmfzfsk zbA bfmfspv dbqk jsv bfmfp rsh bf -sn …sÜwA bq.�(ˆ�hAfifsv�ƒmfmdkv dhhvBW ûóhA.) kfYfVf�ƒmfm-mcÙÁflDv dbqk dHâ rstW sp …Hsqv bfmfp wcÝ,�kf iCshGƒ iadkifdlk rsqsY.


185

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mfosvh jfpf svsJ sj… mndusl ˆst ˆhQ ˆwfv ufmfzfk wcv¢ slJst sn mfosvshv jfpf zflfq jvfv dbqsk wfdmt rsh. zk}iv kfv dkb vfjzfk iVf rst hsn pfsh. ƒmfm kfwfrùsl hnst kfv nsÌ�kfwfrùl zfdl isV ƒmfsmv nfsK nftfm dIvsh. (ƒhsb hfp, djlf} 96ix}) i[f§Àsv ƒmfsmv ˆj vfjzfk rsq pfWqfv iv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rst ƒmfsmv nfsKƒ nftfm dIvst 3 vfjzfk mfosvshv jfpf zflfq rsq pfsh. zk}iv …sE ˆjfjD ˆwfv bfmfp iVsh. zKhf zbA stfj Kfjst däkDq ufmfzfsk isV sbsh. zbcv™iHfsh sj… zfnsvv bfmfp jfpf svsJ mndusl ˆsn mfosvshv ufmfzfk JfVf slJst zfnv jfpf iVfv dbqsk wfdmt rsh. zk}iv ƒmfm nftfm dIvst sn zfv ˆj vfjzfk …sE iCBG 4 vfjzfk zfnsvv bfmfp zflfq jsv sbsh. (Iƒ} 1/310) isv ˆjfjD zKhf däkDq ufmfzfsk mfosvh iVsh.

kkkvvvkkkDDDhhh jjjJJJbbb dddhhhssshhhyyyAAA bbbqqq??? ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq jfpf bfmfp iVfv iv nmq zHfsh sp bfmfp ˆjfjD hf däkDq ufmfzfsk zflfq jvf n©Hh bq, sn bfmfp ufmfzfskƒ zflfq jvf uv¢vD. zfv ˆ s[sÛ�kvkDh dhshyA bq. spmb, sj… ucmzfv bfmfp iVsk ˆsn ufmfzfk JfVf slsJ kfv Iusvv bfmfp jfpf zfsY kf msb iVt. ˆJb kvkDh hufq svsJ ufmfzfsk Iusvv jfpf zflfq jvfv dbqsk wfdmt rst isv ˆjfjD hf däkDq ufmfzfsk ucmzfv bfmfp iVf n©Hh bq. zkˆh kJb sn ucmzfr iVfv dbqskƒ ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsh ˆhQ kfv ivƒ Iusvv bfmfp jfpf iVsk ifvsh. (mcm} 2/141) klbcv™i hkGmfb bfmfspv zÙÁX yst pfWqfv zfwËf rstW kvkDh dhshyA bq. spmb,�ˆj hAdÙÁ�Iusvv bfmfp iVsk�ˆmb�nmq�…Et pJb nCpG�…Esk ystsY.�ˆƒ nmq kfv msb iVt sp, kfv ˆwfv bfmfp jfpf zfsY. kJb jfpf iVsk sost nCpG …sE pfsh ˆhQ Iusvv bfmfpW jfpf rsq pfsh. nckvfQ lc'sef bfmfpsj jfpf bf jsv Iusvv bfmfp kfv pKf (swN) nmsq zflfq jsv kfviv ˆwfv bfmfp jfpf iVsh. (mcm} 2/140-141, kcƒ} 66ix}, mh} 5/297) ˆjƒHfsh zfnsvv bfmfspv swN nmsq spfrv jfpf zfsY msb iVst, zfnv zfso isV kfviv spfrv iVsk rsh. pfsk zfnvW jfpf bf rsq pfq. hkGmfb bfmfp iVsk wcv¢ jvfv iv zKhf isV sbWqfv iv iCshGv bfmfp jfpf zfsY msb iVst zfv kvkDh dhshyA bq. Hcstv ubA kf [mfrG rsh; LkGhA rsh bf. zkˆh


186

hkGmfb bfmfp swN jsv jfpf bfmfp isV dbsk rsh. (mh} 5/297)

jjjfffpppfff ………mmmvvvDDD WWW bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv jjjfffIIIXX XIIIfffvvvfff iCshGƒ zfstfdyk rsqsY sp, ƒ¤Yfjxk bfmfp kAfo jvst sn bfmfspv jfpf sbƒ. zkˆh kWhfv iv jfpf …mvD hst wvDqsk sjfb bfmfp sbƒ. dhLfq kf dhlzfk. zhwA ˆƒ kWhfjfvD hAdÙÁv�…dyk, shwD shwD jsv bIt bfmfp iVf�ˆhQ zbAfbA bIt�ƒhflkW shwD shwD jsv jvf. (djlf} 2/42) kfv ubA Wqfsuh ˆƒ sp, sn nhGlf bfmfp kAfo jvfv ‰ zhsrtfiCBG ifi W [dkv jKf msb svsJ kfv iadkjfsvv …sÜswA (bIt�ƒhflskv mfLAsm) nlf nsykb Kfjsh. n©Hhk} kfv ‰ rfdvsq slWqf dlsbv djYc [dkiCvB zuGb rsq pfsh. (mcm} 2/135) vnCt � hstb, ªdjqfmskv dlb hf¦lfv dbje sKsj kfv zfmtnmCsrv msLA sp zfmstv drnfh nhGfsoa sbWqf rsh, kf rt bfmfp. bfmfp dEj rst sn idvÛfB W nItkf tfH jvsh. bsy{ (bfmfp dEj bf rst) L¶Qn W [dkoa²À rsh. nckvfQ (drnfshv nmq) Ivp bfmfsp sjfb jmdk slJf sost zfïfr kfhfvfjf zkfzftf dIdvñfslv�…sÜswA htshb, `slJ, zfmfv hf¦lfv sjfb bIt (bfmfp) zfsY dj bf.' zkˆh kfv bIt bfmfp äfvf Ivp bfmfspv Ofedk iCvB jvf rsh. zk}iv zfsvf njt zfmstv drnfh zbcv™i oarB jvf rsh.« (nzflf} 770, ndk} 337, nƒmf} 117bQ, nkf} 1/185) i[f§Àsv sp hAdÙÁv bfmfp zdb¤Yf nsÙ¶W Ycse pfq, kfv ubA jfpf zfsY. zfïfr hf¦lfv z§Àsvv Jhv vfsJb. kfv msb zhsrtf W SwdKtA bf Kfjst dkdb kfv jfpf oarB jvshb. diaq bhD � hstb, ª(ˆƒ jfpf zflfq jvf YfVf) ˆv ubA zfv zbA sjfb jfIXIfvf sbƒ.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 603bQ) i[f§Àsv jfpf zflfq jvfv nmq W ncspfo bf sist sjfb ifi rq bf. nckvfQ ˆ jKf nc±ió�rq sp, mvsBv nmq zKhf isv shbfmfpD zKhf djYc bfmfp kAfojfvDv kvI sKsj bfmfp-Jàsbv …sÜswA vfjzfk drnfh jsv jfIXIfvf�öv™i djYc lfb-Jqvfk ƒkAfdl jvf dbvKGj W db°It. hvQ ˆƒ …sÜswA ifi-Jàsbv ‰ zbcôfb W iaKf ˆj dhlzfk. (ƒntfùt mfnfdul, zfïfmf zfthfbDv eDjf nr …lcG kuGmf} 296ix}, zfrjfmct ufbfƒp, zfthfbD 174, 275ix}, mc'ufmct dhlf' 164ix}) htf hfùtA ˆmb ifi[ftsbv vDdk skf zmcndtmslv; pfvf ƒqf hV hV ifi jsv sjfb ifdbsk Fch dlst zKhf djYc zKG hAq jvst db°ifi rsq dIsv zfsn!

uuufffmmmfffzzzfffkkk nnn©©©iiijjjDDD GG Gqqq mmmfffnnnfffsssqqqttt ƒntfm ufmfzfkhÝ uDhb iY¦l jsv; ziY¦l jsv dhd¤Yâkfsj. jfvB, wfd§À W wx£Jtf vsqsY ufmfzfsk. zfv bfmfp ˆjde dhwft ƒhflk. (dwð, ‡kcmkD mdrtf W ifot YfVf) bfmfp iVskW rq nmfsuv njt swaBDv nHAsj. kfƒ nmdóokHfsh ˆƒ


187

ƒhflskv ubAW ˆjde ncwx£Jt dbqm-bDdkv iasqfub dYt. dhdLhÝ rt ufmfzfk. i]fy zÙÁ bfmfp Ivp rq ƒnvf' W dm'vfsuv vfsÛ. dEj kfv isvv dlb spfrsvv nmq duhvDt � diaq bhD �-sj dbsq ufmfzfk nrjfsv iaKm bfmfp isVb. zbcv™iHfsh mcndtmvfW mrfbhD �-ˆv iÇyfsk l]fdVsq k]fv zbcnvB jsvb. zfv duhvDstv ƒmfmdkv iv mrfbhD � mÄf mcjfvGfmfq sjfb sjfb nfrfhDsj dbsq jJsbf jJsbf ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfp zflfq jsvsYb. dj§Â mlDbfq druvk jvfv iv ufmfzfk ˆjde hfdÒk dbqm W ƒntfmD iakDjv™si Èv¢k¶ sit. zfv njt bfmfpDsj ufmfzfkhÝ W umfsqk jvfv ubA dhdLhÝ rt zfpfb. ƒntfmD wvDqskv ˆjde mfrfk¹A ˆƒ sp, kfv dhdHâ ƒhflsk ufmfzfk W ƒudkmf dhdLhÝ vsqsY. pf zfnst ˆj ˆjde ns©mtb. sp ns©mtsb mcndtm dbqdmkHfsh umfsqk rq. kfsk kfvf ˆj zisvv zh²¿f ufbsk ifsv. ˆsj zbAsj …islw dlsk ifsv. sjfb Èv¢k¶iCBG dhNsq ntf-ivfmwG jvsk ifsv. …id²¿k nmnAfv ndEj nmfLfb zbcnáfsbv …sÜswA iv±iv nrspfdokf jvsk ifsv. ˆj nfsK hsn iv±iv mk-dhdbmq jvsk ifsv. ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rsq zÎ hAdÙÁ ƒntfmD Îfb tfH jvsk ifsv. ldvû nfrfpA sisk ifsv. ‰sjAv mrfdmtb slsJ mcndtsmv r™lq bvm rsq Kfsj. iajfw ifq ƒntfmD wfb-wWjk, nmkf, nrfbcHCdk W nrmdmGkf. ufmfzfsk sHsÌ ycvmfv rq hBG-ShNsmAv njt iafyDv. ˆjfjfv rq njt ufk-ifk. zfmDv-ovDh, zfkvfI-zfwvfI, hflwf-IjDsvv sjfb sHlfsHl sbƒ ˆJfsb. ƒntfmD ëfkxk¶shfsLv mrfb zflswGv zdHhAdÙÁ Ose ˆƒ ufmfzfsk. nmqfbchdkGkf, dbqmfbchdkGkf, ncwx£Jtkf ˆƒ ufmfzfskv mrfb ShdwóA. nHA ufdkv zflwG dw[f tfH rq ˆƒ icb} icb} ƒudkmfq. ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rsq ˆsj zisvv slJfsldJ zfïfrv ƒhflskv ubA iadkspfdokfmCtj mb-mfbdnjkf nxdó rq mcndtsmv. ufmfzfskv ˆƒ mrf dmtbs[sÛ ƒntfmD n©iaDdkv sp nc¦lv W ncôc idvshw idvtd[k rq, kfsk nfmfduj uDhsbv ytfv isK dbsusj ˆjfjD W znrfq shfL rq bf. msb ufso JcwD, iafsB ufso …{Icïkf, ƒhflsk zfsn msbfspfo, …{nfr, …ÜDibf W ±ICdkG. ƒntfm wfd§Àv LmG. wfd§À mcndtsmv jfmA. ziv Hfsqv nfsK nf[f{ rst …Hq mcndtm ˆj zisvv ubA wfd§À jfmbf jsv lczf dlsq Kfsj. `zfnX-nftfmc zftfƒjcm, zzftfƒjcmcn nftfm' htfv mfLAsm zfïfrv kvI sKsj ˆhQ …Hsqv r™lq-msbW wfd§À tfH rq ˆƒ ufmfzfsk rfduv rst.

uuufffmmmfffzzzfffssskkkvvv mmmfffbbb WWW ÈÈÈvvv¢¢¢kkk¶¶ ¶ bfmfu ufmfzfk nrjfsv zflfq jvf Wqfsuh. dhLfq dhbf Wusv ufmfzfk kAfo


188

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zKGf{, skfmvf bfmfp jfsqm jv, pfjfk zflfq jv ˆhQ v¢jCjfdvosBv nfsK v¢jC jv. (jc} 2/43) hvQ ufmfzfsk bfmfp bf iVst bfmfp jhct bfW rsk ifsv. diaq bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfpfb swfsb zKy (mndusl ufmfzfsk) …id²¿k rq bf, sn hAdÙÁv sjfb Wuv YfVf (Osv bfmfp iVstW kfv) bfmfpƒ rq bf.« (ƒmf}, ƒdr}, rf} 1/245, nkf} 422bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ mczfpdpsbv (zfpfb) swfsb ˆhQ sjfb Wuv (Hq zKhf zncJ) kfsj ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rsk hfLf bf slq, kfrst sp bfmfp sn isV sn bfmfp jhct rq bf.« (zflf} 551bQ) ªsp sjfb oafm hf mv¢-zÑst dkbub stfj hfn jvst ˆhQ snJfsb (ufmfzfsk) bfmfp jfsqm bf jvf rst wqkfb kfslv …iv iaHck¶ dh²Àfv jsv sIst. nckvfQ skfmvf ufmfzfkhÝ rW. zbAKf Yfo ifstv mLA rsk sbjsV snƒ Yfotdesj Lsv Jfq, sp (ift sKsj) lCsv lCsv Kfsj.« (zf}, zflf} 511, bf}, ƒdr}, rf} 1/245, nkf} 422bQ) pfvf bfmfspv ufmfzfsk mndusl rfduv rq bf, mrfbhD � kfslv Ov-hfdV u¶fdtsq slWqfv ƒ¤Yf sifNB jsvdYstb. rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf rsk hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªmcbfdIjslv is[ nhsysq HfvD bfmfp rt ˆwf W Iusvv bfmfp. ‰ lcƒ bfmfspv dj mfrfk¹A zfsY, kf pdl kfvf ufbk, kfrst rfmfocdV dlsq rstW zhwAƒ kfsk …id²¿k rk. zfmfv ƒ¤Yf dYt sp, jf…sj bfmfspv ƒjfmk dlsk zfslw dlƒ, zk}iv ˆjubsj bfmfp iVskW ùjcm jdv, zk}iv ˆmb ˆjlt stfj nsÌ jsv dbƒ; pfslv nfsK Kfjsh jfsEv shfUf. kfslv dbsq ˆmb n©ialfsqv dbje pfƒ, pfvf bfmfsp rfduv rq bf. zk}iv kfslvsj Osv svsJƒ kfslv OvhfdVsj zfÈb tfdosq icdVsq dlƒ.« (hc} 657, mc} 651bQ) rpvk …nfmf dhb pfql jkxGj hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªstfsjvf ufmfzfk kAfo jvf rsk zhwA zhwAƒ dhvk srfj, bsy{ zfdm zhwAƒ kfslv Ov-hfdV u¶fdtsq slh.« (ƒmf}, nkf} 430bQ) sjfb zá mfbcNsjW mrfbhD � ufmfzfsk zbcid²¿k sKsj Osv bfmfp iVfv zbcmdk slbdb. zá nfrfhD zfècïfr dhb …s©m mfjkCm mrfbhD �-ˆv lvhfsv zfvu jvstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! mndusl rfk Lsv dbsq pfWqfv mk zfmfv …ipcÙÁ mfbcN sbƒ. kfYfVf mlDbfq iaycv drQna iafBD (nfi-dhYf-sbjsV iaHxdk) vsqsY. (mnduslv isK zá mfbcsNv Hq rq). nckvfQ zfmfv ubA Osv bfmfp iVfv zbcmdk rsh dj?' zfïfrv bhD � k]fv Wuv ðsb k]fsj Osv bfmfp iVfv zbcmdk dlstb. dkdb yst spsk tfost mrfbhD � k]fsj sFsj htstb, ªdj§Â kcdm dj zfpfb `rfƒqAf


189

zftfn n¶ftfr, rfƒqAf zftft Iftfr' ðbsk ifW.« dkdb …Ùsv htstb, `uD r]Af.' mrfbhD � htstb, ªkfrst kcdm (mndusl) …id²¿k rW, skfmfv ubA sjfb zbcmdk ifd¤Y bf.« (mc}, zflf} 552, 553bQ) pcsÝv mqlfsb wÛ¢lstv n©mcsJW ufmfzfk mfI bq. mrfb zfïfr dhdLhÝ jvstb n¶ftfsk JWI. (jc} 4/102) ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfp ˆjf§À hfdÒk W uv¢vD jkGhA bf rst ‰ HDNB nmsq mvsBv mcsJ dkdb kf mfI jvskb. klbcv™i ufmfzfk hfdÒk hstƒ iasqfusb bfmfp umf jsv iVf dhdLhÝ jvf rsqsY. mnduslv isK wÛ¢v Hq rst, iaycv Efàf hf hxdó rst zKhf nIsv Kfjst spfrv-zfnv ˆhQ mfosvh-ˆwfsj umf jsv iVfv zbcmdk slWqf rsqsY ufmfzfskv IpDtk tfH jvfv ubAƒ. ufmfzfk kAfo jvf mcdmsbv ÈB bq; hvQ kf mcbfdIsjv ÈB. mrfb zfïfr ˆslv ÈB hBGbf jsv hstb,

*E+�ن�?��Nو��@�M�M��.+�ن�…(:�9��Nو��@�M��LE. �;و��?��"� )و��=�+�ن�א < zKGf{, ---Wvf (mcbfsIjvf) bfmfsp SwdKstAv nfsK rfduv rq ˆhQ zdb¤YfjxkHfshƒ lfb jsv Kfsj. (jc} 9/54) dhswN jsv ˆwf W Iusvv bfmfp mcbfsIsjv ubA zdLj HfvD. zfv ˆjKf iCshG ˆj rflDsn zfstfdyk rsqsY. ƒhsb …mfv hstb, `zfmvf pJb sjfb stfjsj Iusvv bfmfsp zbcid²¿k slJkfm, kJb kfv iadk jcLfvBf jvkfm.' (k¶fh, ƒzfwf}, hfp}, mfpf} 2/40) ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, `sp hAdÙÁ jft zfïfrv nfsK mcndtm rsq nf[f{ jvsk zfb¦lshfL jsv kfv …dyk, spJfsb zfrhfb jvf rq snJfsb (zKGf{ mndusl) ‰ bfmfpocdtv drIfpk jvf. zhwAƒ zfïfr kfzftf skfmfslv bhDv ubA hù srlfqfskv iK W zflwG dhdLhÝ jsvsYb ˆhQ ‰ (bfmfp)Èdt srlfqfskv iK W zflswGv z§ÀHGcÙÁ. pdl skfmvf skfmfslv öoxsr bfmfp isV bfW; spmb ˆƒ iÇyflXofmD kfv öoxsr bfmfp isV Kfsj, kfrst skfmvf skfmfslv bhDv zflwG W kvDjf huGb jsv sItsh. zfv pdl skfmvf skfmfslv bhDv zflwG W kvDjf huGb jsv sIt, kfrst skfmvf ëó rsq pfsh. sp hAdÙÁ nc¦lvHfsh idhÛkf zuGb (Wpc) jsv ˆƒ mndulnmCsrv sjfb mnduslv iadk (spsk) iahxÙ rq, zfïfr kfv iaskAj ils[siv idvhskG ˆjde jsv sbjD dtdihÝ jsvb, ˆv l¶fvfq kfsj ˆj mpfGlfq …âDk jsvb W ˆv l¶fvfq kfv ˆjde ifi rafn jsvb. zfmvf slsJdY sp, dhdlk jiekfv jie (mcbfdIj) YfVf bfmfp sKsj sj… iÇyfsk Kfjk bf. zfv mfbcNsj lcde stfsjv j]fsL Hv jsv r]fdesq ˆsb jfkfsv JfVf jvf rk.' (mc} 654bQ) rpvk Wnmfb dhb zfIXIfb jkxGj hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁv


190

mndusl Kfjf zh²¿fq zfpfb rq, zk}iv dhbf sjfb iasqfusb shv rsq pfq ˆhQ dIsv zfnfv ƒ¤Yf bf vfsJ, sn hAdÙÁ mcbfdIj.« (ƒmf}, nkf}157bQ) pfvf zfrhfbjfvD mczfpXspsbv zfpfsb nfVf dlsq ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rq bf, djqfmsk kfslv dhswN zh²¿f W wfd²À vsqsY. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

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zKGf{, spdlb ilbftD …¦mcÙÁ jvf rsh ˆhQ Wslvsj dnulf jvfv ubA zfrhfb jvf rsh, dj§Â Wvf kf jvsk n[m rsh bf. rDbkfoa²À rsq Wvf Wslv lxdó zhbk jvsh. zKy pJb Wvf nc²¿ W öfHfdhj zh²¿fq dYt, kJb skf Wslvsj dnulf jvsk zfrhfb jvf rsqdYt. (jc} 68/42-43) (hc} 4919 bQ) ˆmb dj mndusl ufmfzfsk …id²¿k sKsj mczfpdpsbv zfpfb ðsbW sp mndul sKsj shv rsq pfq, sn zfïfrv bhDv zhfLA W bfIvmfbv™si idvodBk rq. ˆjlf mndusl zfpfb rst ˆj hAdÙÁ snJfb sKsj …sE yst spsk tfot. sn mndul sKsj shv rsq bf pfWqf ipG§À zfhC ùvfƒvf kfv dlsj dbdbGsmN lxdósk kfdjsq Kfjstb. idvswsN dkdb htstb, `zfnst ˆ hAdÙÁ skf zfhCt jfsnm �-ˆv bfIvmfbD jvt.' (mc} 655bQ) zfv ˆ jKf dhdlk sp, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfïfr W kf]v vnCstv bfIvmfbD jsv, sn zfnst ±ióv™si ëó rsq pfq.« (jc} 33/36) zhwA pdl sj… kfv uv¢vD jfsu; spmb, ianafh-ifqJfbf hf WpC jvsk mnduslv hfƒsv pfq, kfrst kf bfIvmfbDv zfWkfHcÙÁ bq. (mfumC… IfkfWqf ƒhsb …NfƒmDb 12/200) zfïfrv bhD �-ˆv nfrfhfoBW Ivp bfmfspv ubA ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rWqfsj Wqfsuh msb jvskb. zfècïfr dhb mfn†l hstb, `zfmvf slsJdY sp, dhdlk jiekfv jie (mcbfdIj) YfVf (ufmfzfsk) bfmfp sKsj sj… iÇyfsk Kfjk bf.' (mcndtm 654bQ) zfècïfr dhb mfn†l, zfhC mCnf zfwzfvD, zftD dhb zfhD kfsth, zfhC ùvfƒvf, zfsqwf W ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `sp hAdÙÁ zfpfb swfsb zKy (mndusl ufmfzfsk) …id²¿k rq bf, sn hAdÙÁv sjfb Wuv YfVf (Osv bfmfp iVstW kfv) bfmfpƒ rq bf.' (dk} 217bQ, pfmf} ) ƒhsb zfêfn -sj ˆj hAdÙÁ n©isjG duÎfnf jvf rt, sp hAdÙÁ svfpf vfsJ, kfrfÏcl isV; dj§Â ufmfzfk W ucmzfq rfduv rq bf. …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `ˆ zh²¿fq mfvf sost sn ufrfâfmhfnD rsh!' (dk} 218bQ, ˆdev nbl lchGt) zfk¶f dhb zfhD vfhfr (v}) hstb, `zfïfrv nxdó sjfb wrv hf oafmhfnDv ubA ˆ zbcmdk sbƒ sp, sn zfpfb swfbfv iv ufmfzfsk bfmfp kAfo jsv.' rfnfb hfnvD (v}) hstb, `jfsvf zf©mf pdl kfsj mfqf jsv ˆwfv bfmfp ufmfzfsk


191

iVsk hfvB jsv, kfrst sn kfv ‰ hfvB ðbsh bf.' (hc}) zfWpfqD (v}) hstb, ùcmzfr W ufmfzfk kAfo jvfv hAfifsv dikfv zfbcokA sbƒ, yfsr sn zfpfb ðbsk ifj, zfv bf-ƒ ifj.' zhwA susb vfJf Hft sp, sp hAdÙÁ ufmfzfk YfVfƒ bfmfp isV, kfv bfmfp ðÝ rsq pfq. dj§Â ufmfzfk kAfo jvfv ubA sn (jfhDvf) sofbfrofv rq. ksh kfv ‰ bfmfp jhct rWqf W bf rWqfv hAfifv skf zfïfrv jfsY. (mfvf} 172ix}) ufmfzfskv zfnt mpGflf dYt ntsI nfstrDsbv jfsY. k]fvf ufmfzfskv ˆk Èv¢k¶ dlskb sp, kf Ycse sost zKhf bó rsq sost sj… sj… sj]sl sItskb. ˆsj zivsj slJf jsv nf§Àbf dlskb. nf„l dhb zfèct zfpDp ufmfzfk Ycse sost j]flskb. rfskm zft-zfnf©mX hstb, `ˆjlf zfmfv ˆj bfmfspv ufmfzfk Ycse sot. ˆv ubA zfhC ƒnrfj hcJfvD zfmfsj slJf jvsk ˆstb. zKy zfmfv sjfb sYst mfvf sost lw rfufsvvW shwD stfj zfmfsj slJf jvsk zfnk. sjb bf, mfbcsNv dbje lcdbqfv mnDhskv kctbfq äDsbv mnDhk sbrfkƒ rfîf.' bfmfspv ufmfzfk sjfbÛÁsmƒ k]fslv dbje sjfb ifdKGh dudbsnv nmkctA dYt bf; sp kc¤Y dudbsnv iÇyfsk zfmvf zsbj s[sÛ tftnfv dbvtn iasyóf dbsq zsi[mfB Kfdj. pfv ubA jJsbf hf bfmfp pKf nmsq iVsk ifdv bf. sj… hf kfvƒ ubA mCstƒ bfmfp kAfo jsv hsn. hAhnf-hfdBuA, jfu-jfvhfv, sJtfLCtf, nvovm mudtsn zfsuhfsu o¬i, vfuSbdkj idvj¬ibf, nQhfl W nmD[f iaHxdk bfmfspv ufmfzfk; jJsbf hf bfmfp bó jsv sIst hkGmfb pcsov hù nQJAj mfbcsNv! ˆjlf mfƒmCb dhb dmrvfb mndusl ˆstb. slJstb, bfmfp swN rsq sost bfmfpDvf mndul sKsj dIsv sosY. ˆ slsJ dkdb htstb, `ƒâf dtïfdr zƒâf ƒtfƒdr vfdu†b! zhwAƒ zfmfv dbje ˆƒ ufmfzfskv mpGflf ƒvfsjv vfuk¶ zsi[f swaô.' ƒ…bcn dhb zfècïfr hstb, `zfmfv dj rt sp, mcvoD bó rst zfdm kfv ubA lc}dJk rh, zKy bfmfp (ufmfzfk) bó rst kfv ubA lc}dJk rh bf?' ntsI nfstrDb zLDv zfoasr zsi[fv iv zfpfb ðbst mndusl pfWqfv ubA iadkspfdokf ðv¢ jvskb. pfsk ƒmfsmv nfsK kfjhDsv kfrvDmf Ycse bf pfq, kfv dhswN sJqft vfJskb. nf„l dhb mcnfƒsqh hstb, ìÑfw hYv Lsv zfmfv bfmfspv iaKm kfjhDv Ycsedb! zfv iÑfw hYv Lsv bfmfsp sjfb mfbcsNv diE sldJdb.' zKGf{, iÑfw hYv pfh{ dkdb iaKm jfkfsvƒ bfmfp isVsYb! zjD' dhb ufvGfr hstb, ìafq nÙv hYv Lsv zf'mfswv iaKm kfjhDv Ycse db!' ƒhsb nfmfzfr hstb, `sp dlb zfmfv zf©mf mfvf pfb, sn dlb YfVf ydïw hYv Lsv zfmfv iaKm kfjhDv Ycse db!' (Ifpfdqtc zNfmfvfkcn n¶ftfdk mfzft ufmfzfr 6ix})


192

ƒhvfrDm bfJqD hstb, `pJb sjfb mfbcNsj slJsh, sn iaKm kfjhDsvv hAfifsv zhsrtf ialwGb jvsY, kJb kcdm kfv hAfifsv rfk Lcsq bfW.' zfèct zfpDp dhb mfvWqfb zflh dw[f slWqfv …sÜswA k]fv sYst …mfvsj mlDbfq ifEfstb. zfv kfv slJfswfbf jvfv ubA nfstr dhb jfqnfbsj dydE dtJstb. dkdb kfsj bfmfp iVsk hfLA jvskb. ˆjdlb sn ˆj bfmfsp disY sKsj sost dkdb kfsj duÎfnf jvstb, `sj skfmfsj zfesj svsJdYt?' …mfv htt, `zfmfv lfnD zfmfv yct zf]yVfd¤Yt.' dkdb htstb, `hAfifv ˆk lCv odVsq sot sp, skfmfv yct zf]yVfsbf skfmfv bfmfpsj iaHfhfd¦hk jsv sItt?' ˆviv sn jKf ufdbsq dkdb kfv zfêf (zfèct zfpDp)sj dydE dtJstb. kf susb zfèct zfpDp ˆjde lCk ifEfstb ˆhQ sjfb jKf htfv zfsoƒ sn lCk …mfsvv mfKf sbVf jsv dlt! (dnzfbc} 5/116) sp hAdÙÁ mndusl ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfp iVsk zfnk bf kfsj mÄfv zfmDv zfÙfh dhb …nfƒl …mfhD kfv olGfb …dVsq slWqfv Lmdj dlskb. (ofqfkct mfvfm, ƒpXpcÜDb rfswmD 1/18-19) rpvk zftD iakAr vf²Àfq ifv rWqfv nmq `zfnX-n¶ftfk, zfnX-n¶ftfk' hst stfsjslvsj Iusvv bfmfspv ubA ufofskb. (kfvDJct ƒntfm, pfrfhD 650ix}) spmb zfuW n†lD zfvsh zfpfb rstƒ dbdlGó zdIsnv dbpcÙÁ stfj ‰ ˆjƒ jKf hst bfmfspv ubA slfjfb-ife há jvsk kfjDl jsv Kfsj. kfsk mcndtmvf nfsK nfsK slfjfb há jsv mndusl pfq. zfv mcbfdIj W jfsIvvf pfq dbu dbu hfnfq. zfv bfmfspv nmqecjc há Kfsj nm²À slfjfb-ife. htfƒ hfùtA sp, k]fslv W zfmfslv mfsU ifKGjA vsqsY dhvfe. k]fslv dbje bfmfspv Èv¢k¶ zfmfslv kctbfq zsbj shwD. k]fslv dYt zfoar, zfwf W zdLj nWqfh tfsHv hfnbf. i[f§Àsv zfmfslv mfsU zfsY ifdKGh siam W lcdbqf tfsHv jfmbf. kfƒ zfmvf bfmfspv …iv lcdbqfsjƒ iafLfbA dlsq Kfdj, zfmfslv dbje Èv¢k¶ ifq ifdKGh sHfo-dhtfn W kfv ubA jmG-hA²Àkf. zhwA ˆ jKf htf zkcAdÙÁ bq sp, zfmfslv ufmfzfsk rfduv rsq bfmfp bf iVf zfmfslv lchGt „mfsbv idvyfqj. zfmfslv r™lsq zfïfrv sn kf'pDm sbƒ, zfïfrv iadk sn siam, HdÙÁ W Hq sbƒ, k]fv zfslw W zdLjfv iftsb sn zfoar W …{nfr sbƒ, kfƒ zfmvf ˆmb SwdKtA ialwGb jvsk tÏfW jdv bf.

uuufffmmmfffzzzfffssskkkvvv IIIpppDDDtttkkk WWW mmmfffrrrfffkkk¹¹¹AAA Wqfsuh rWqfv nfsK nfsK ufmfzfskv dhdHâmcJD jtAfB W mfrfk¹A vsqsY; pf susb ÎfbD bfmfpDsj ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rsq bfmfp zflfq jvsk zbciafdBk W …{nfdrk rWqf …dyk. ufmfzfsk rfduv rsq pfvf zfïfrv Ov mndul zfhfl vfsJ, kfvf srlfqfkiafå;


193

mrfb zfïfr kfslv iawQnf jsv hstb, 5و�א(� �/�CR�/�C��א5,��L�C��#��#��.��و� �@��[��?��Nא،�53�?Q א;�=Rو��"��و��Aم�א <O}אم��+�&

�/��/�א #�>��4C�3+�א�+E8� ))��;�L�Eو ��D��ن�� zKGf{, zfnst kfvfƒ zfïfrv mndulnmCr zfhfl jsv, pfvf zfïfr W ivjfstv iadk „mfb vfsJ, bfmfp jfsqm jsv, pfjfk ialfb jsv ˆhQ zfïfr hAkDk zbA jf…sj Hq jsv bf. zfv zfwf jvf pfq, kfvfƒ rt srlfqfk-iafå. (jc} 9/18) ufmfzfsk …id²¿dk slfpJ W mcbfsIjD sKsj mcdÙÁ slq; mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfïfrv n§ÂdótfsHv …sÜswA 40 dlb ufmfzfsk bfmfp zflfq jvsh ˆhQ kfsk kfrvDmfv kjhDvW ifsh, (snƒ hAdÙÁv ubA lcde mcdÙÁ dtJf rsh; slfpJ sKsj mcdÙÁ ˆhQ mcbfsIjD sKsj mcdÙÁ.« (dk}, nkf} 404bQ) ufmfzfsk …id²¿k bfmfpDslvsj dbsq mrfb zfïfr k]fv dIdvñfnHfq ohG jsvb. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf ncnQhfl oarB jv. ˆƒ sp skfmfslv iftbjkGf zfnmfsbv lvufnmCsrv ˆjde lvuf Jcst k]fv dIdvñfmàtDv jfsY skfmfslvsj dbsq ohG jvsYb; htsYb, `skfmvf zfmfv hf¦lfslv iadk t[A jv, kfvf ˆj Ivp (bfmfp) zflfq jsvsY ˆhQ zbA ˆj Ivp zflfsqv ubA zsi[f jvsY. (zf}, ƒmf} 801bQ) mrfb zfïfr ufmfzfskv bfmfp slsJ mcÊ rb. mrfbhD � hstb, ªufmfzfskv bfmfsp zfïfr mcÊ rb.« (zf}, dnn} 1652bQ) ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rsq bfmfp zflfq jvst ˆjfjDv kctbfq 25 sKsj 27 ÈB nWqfh shwD ifWqf pfq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªicv¢sNv ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfspv mfb ˆjfjD bfmfspv mfb zsi[f 27 ÈB zdLj.« (hc}, mc}, iamcJ nuf} 3820bQ) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªˆjfjDv bfmfp zsi[f ufmfzfskv bfmfp nfkfw ocB …Ùm.« (hcJfvD 645bQ, mcndtm 650bQ) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªicv¢sNv öoxsr hf kfv hAhnfs[sÛ bfmfp iVfv sysq (mndusl) ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq bfmfp iVfv nWqfh i]dyw ocB shdw. sjb bf, sp pJb nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv sjht mfÛ bfmfp iVfv …sÜswAƒ mnduslv isK shv rq kJb ytfmfÛ iaskAj ils[siv dhdbmsq kfsj ˆj-ˆjde mpGflfq …âDk jvf rq ˆhQ kfv ˆj-ˆjde sofbfr smfyb jvf rq. zk}iv bfmfp zflfq n©iâ jsv pk[B sn bfmfspv ²¿fsb hsn Kfsj kk[B dIdvñfhoG kfv ubA lczf jvsk Kfsj; `sr zfïfr Wv iadk jv¢Bf hNGB jv. sr zfïfr! Wsj [mf jv. zfv sn hAdÙÁ pk[B bfmfspv zsi[f jsv, kk[B spb bfmfspv zh²¿fskƒ Kfsj.« (hcJfvD 647bQ, mcndtm 649bQ, zfhc lf…l, dkvdmpD, ƒhsb mfufr) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ bfmfspv ubA idviCBGv™si Wpc jsv sjfb Ivp bfmfp iVfv …sÜswA pfq ˆhQ kf stfsjslv nfsK zKGf{ ufmfzfk nrjfsv zKhf mndusl isV,


194

zfïfr kfv sofbfrnmCr mfI jsv slb.« (mc} 232bQ) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ idviCBGv™si Wpc jsv sjfb Ivp bfmfp zflfsqv …sÜswA (mndusl) pfq, zk}iv kf ƒmfsmv nfsK zflfq jsv sn hAdÙÁv ifivfdw mfI rsq pfq.« (ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, nrDr kfvoDh 401bQ) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ öoxr sKsj WpC jsv sjfb Ivp bfmfp zflfsqv …sÜswA shv rq, kfv nWqfh rt ƒrvfm h]fLf rfuDv mk.« (zflf} 558bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ ufmfzfsk sjfb Ivp bfmfp zflfsqv …sÜswA ifsq sr]se (mndusl) pfq, sn hAdÙÁv nWqfh rq ˆjde rÏ jvfv mk ˆhQ sp hAdÙÁ sjfb bIt (yfsñv) bfmfp iVfv ubA ifsq sr]se (mndusl) pfq, kfv nWqfh rq bIt …mvfr jvfv mk.« (zf}, hf}, k¶fh, nuf} 6556bQ) htf hfùtA, sp hAdÙÁ öoxsr WpC jsv Ivp bfmfp zflfq jvfv ubA iakAr 5 hfv mndusl pfq ˆhQ sn kfsk ‰ dhwft nWqfshv zfwf vfsJ, sn hAdÙÁ iaskAj dlb 5de jsv; zKGf{ hYsv iafq 1800de rÏ jvfv nWqfh tfH jsv! zfv 60 hYsvv uDhsb iafq 1 t[ 8 rfufv hfv rÏ jvf rq ˆjub mndul-HÙÁ bfmfpDv! zkˆh zbfqfsn sn 60 hYsvƒ spb 108000 hYsvv uDhb tfH jsv Kfsj. hvQ ˆk hYv h]fystW sn rqskf iaskAj hYv rÏ jvsk n[m rsh bf. dj§Â ufmfzfskv ‰ bfmfp kfsj ˆk lDOG uDhb lfb jsv Kfsj. mrfbhD hstb, ªˆƒ bfmfspv ufmfzfsk zbcid²¿k hAdÙÁ pdl ufbk sp, kfsk …id²¿k hAdÙÁv ubA jk nWqfh dbdrk vsqsY kfrst zhwAƒ sn rfsk-ifsq rfmfocdV dlsqW rfduv rk. (k¶fh},nkf} 403bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªzfdm skfmfslvsj dj snƒ jKf hst slh bf; pfv lv¢b zfïfr sofbfrnmCrsj smfyb jsv slb ˆhQ mpGflf zfsvf …âk jsvb?« njst htt, `zhwAƒ, sr zfïfrv vnCt!' dkdb htstb, ªjsóv nmq idviCBG Wpc jvf, mnduslv dlsj zdLjfdLj ils[i jvf (ytf), zfv ˆj bfmfspv iv zfofmD bfmfspv zsi[f jvf. …iv§Â ôcstfƒ rt iadkv[f-hfdrbDv jfsuv bAfq, ôcstfƒ rt iadkv[f-hfdrbDv jfsuv bAfq, ôcstfƒ rt iadkv[f-hfdrbDv jfsuv bAfq.« (mf}, mc} 251bQ, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, zbcv™i zsKG.) mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfu vfsÛ zfmfv jfsY zfmfv iadkiftsjv ˆj lCk ˆsn htstb, `sr mcrf©mfl! zfidb ufsbb dj, SbjeAiafå dIdvñfmàtD dj dbsq mksHl jvsYb?' zfdm httfm, `r]Af, (k]fvf mksHl jvsYb) ifismfyb, mpGflfhLGb, ufmfzfsk wfdmt rWqfv ubA ils[i, iayà Efàfv nmq idviCBGv™si WpC ˆhQ bfmfspv zsi[f dbsq. sp hAdÙÁ …ÙÁ jmGnmCr n©iflb jvsk pk´hfb rsh, sn hAdÙÁv uDhb rsh jtAfBmq ˆhQ mvB rsh jtAfBmq. zfv sn kfv ifi sKsj idhÛ rsq snƒ dlbjfv mk db°ifi rsh, spdlb kfv mf kfsj HCdmô jsvdYt.« (zf}, dk} 3233bQ)


195

ˆ hAfifsv zfsvf mfrfk¹A `mndusl pfWqfv mfrfk¹A' dwsvfbfsm ûóhA. ufmfzfsk stfj pk shwD rsh kk shwD nWqfh tfH rsh bfmfpDslv. mrfbhD � hstb, ª---ˆj hAdÙÁv sjfb zbA hAdÙÁv nfsK ufmfzfk jsv iVf bfmfp ˆjfjD iVf bfmfp zsi[f zdLjkv …Ùm. zbcv™i zbA lcƒ hAdÙÁv nfsK ufmfzfk jsv iVf bfmfp ˆj hAdÙÁv nfsK ufmfzfk jsv iVf bfmfp zsi[f zdLjkv …Ùm. ˆƒHfsh ufmfzfskv stfj nQJAf pk zdLj rsh kkƒ zfïfr zfpXpf zufïfv dbje zdLj diaq.« (zf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, rf}, nkf} 406bQ) dkdb hstb, ª1 usbv ƒmfmdksk 2 usbv bfmfp zfïfrv dbje ˆjfjD 4 usbv bfmfp zsi[f swaôkv, 1 usbv ƒmfmdksk 4 usbv bfmfp zfïfrv dbje ˆjfjD 8 usbv bfmfp zsi[f swaôkv ˆhQ 1 usbv ƒmfmdksk 8 usbv bfmfp zfïfrv dbje ˆjfjD 100 usbv bfmfp zsi[f swaôkv.« (hf}, hfp}, k¶fh}, nuf} 3836bQ) dhswN jsv Iuv W ˆwfv bfmfp ufmfzfsk iVfv ixKj mfrfk¹A vsqsY. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªstfsj pdl zfpfb W iaKm jfkfsvv mfrfk¹A ufbk zk}iv kf tfsHv ubA tefdv jvf YfVf sjfb zbA …ifq bf sik kfrst tefdvƒ jvk. zfv kfvf pdl (bfmfspv ubA mnduslv iadk) njft-njft zfnfv mfrfk¹A ufbk, kfrst zhwAƒ kfv ubA iadkspfdokf jvk. zfv pdl ˆwf W Iusvv bfmfspv mfrfk¹A kfvf ufbk, kfrst rfmfocdV dlsq ystW kfvf …Hq bfmfsp …id²¿k rk.« (hc} 615bQ,mc} 437bQ) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ˆwfv bfmfp ufmfzfskv nsÌ iVt, sn spb zLG vfdÛ (bIt) bfmfp iVt. zfv sp hAdÙÁ Iusvv bfmfp ufmfzfskv nfsK iVt, sn spb icsvf vfdÛƒ bfmfp iVt.« (mf}, mc} 656bQ, zflf}) mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv ufmfzfskv bfmfp ˆjfjD bfmfspv kctbfq 25 ÈB zdLj mpGflf vfsJ. zfv vfdÛ W dlsbv dIdvñf Iusvv bfmfsp ˆjdÛk rb.« …ÙÁ rflDn hBGbfv iv zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, `skfmfslv ƒ¤Yf rst skfmvf isV bfW }

)?�ن�R��EAن�א :��n.��ن��C>�+�دא( zKGf{, dbÇyq Iusvv bfmfsp dIdvñf rfdpv rq. (jc} 17/78) (hc} 648, bf}, nuf} 2974bQ) bhD hstb, ª(Iusvv nmq) sp hAdÙÁ (öoxsr) Wpc jsv. zk}iv mndusl ˆsn Iusvv (Ivp) bfmfspv iCshG lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isV. zk}iv hsn (zsi[f j'sv) Iusvv bfmfp (ufmfzfsk) isV, snƒ hAdÙÁv sndlbjfv bfmfp sbj stfjslv bfmfpv™si dtdihÝ jvf rq. zfv kfv bfm ivm jv¢Bfmq (zfïfrv) iadkdbdLlstv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq.« (k¶fh}, nkf} 413bQ) diaq bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ Iusvv bfmfp (ufmfzfsk) isV, sn hAdÙÁ (náAf ipG§À) zfïfrv lfdqsk¶ Kfsj.« (mc} 657, dk}, k¶fh}, nuf} 6343bQ) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ Iusvv bfmfp ufmfzfsk isV, zk}iv nCspGflq


196

zhdL hsn zfïfrv dpjXv jsv kfviv lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isV, snƒ hAdÙÁv ˆjde rÏ W …mvfv nWqfh tfH rq.« hBGbfjfvD hstb, zfïfrv vnCt htstb, ªidviCBG, idviCBG, idviCBG.« zKGf{ sjfb zn©iCBG rÏ-…mvfv nWqfh bq hvQ iCBG rÏ-…mvfv nWqfh. (dk}, nkf} 461bQ) rpvk zfbfn rsk hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªƒnmf„stv hQwLsvv yfvde mfbcNsj lfnk¶mcÙÁ jvf zsi[f Iusvv bfmfspv iv sKsj nCspGflq ipG§À dpjXvjfvD lstv nfsK hnfef zfmfv dbje zdLj diaq. zbcv™i yfvde uDhb lfnmcÙÁ jvfv sysq zfnsvv bfmfspv iv sKsj nCpGf²À ipG§À dpjXvjfvD n©ialfsqv nfsK hnfef zfmfv dbje zdLj iY¦lbDq.« (zflf}, nkf}462bQ) ianÌk} …sïJA sp, Iusvv bfmfp ufmfzfsk iVfv ubA jsqjde dudbn uv¢vD} 1. zfïfrv zfpfshv Hq ˆhQ kfv nWqfshv stfH msbv mfsU ²¿fb dlsk rsh. 2. zShL jfsu skf bqƒ; hvQ ShL jfsuW shwD vfk bf suso zfso zfso Ocmfsk rsh. 3. ufmfzfk Lvfv ifÄf ˆvflf rsk rsh. 4. Ocm sKsj ufdosq slq ˆmb znDtf hAhrfv jvsk rsh; spmb ˆtfmG OdV, sjfb ncr™l nfKD ƒkAfdl. dj§Â lc}sJv dhNq sp, lcdbqfv jfsuv ubA Iusvv zfsoW …Esk mfbcN zncdhLf shfL jsv bf, zKy pk zncdhLf shfL jsv zfïfrv jfsu pKf nmsq ufosk. nckvfQ ˆmb mfbcsNv ˆmb zhsrtf kfv „mfbD lchGtkfv idvyq bq dj? ˆJfsb ianÌk} Iusvv bfmfp pKf nmsq bf iVfv sp dhLfb, sn n©idjGk ˆjde Iskfqf …sïJ jvf nmDyDb hst msb jdv. iaskAj mcndtsmv ubA iaskAj bfmfp kfv pKfnmsq mndusl ufmfzfk nrjfsv zflfq jvf Wqfsuh. zfv iaskAj snƒ dhNq sKsj lCsv Kfjf uv¢vD, sp dhNq kfsj sjfb bfmfp kfv dbdlGó nmsq zflfq jvf sKsj hfLf dlsk ifsv. dhswN jsv Iusvv bfmfspv ubA dhswN pk´ sbWqf …dyk, pfsk Ocdmsq sKsj ufmfzfk Ycse bf pfq hf kfv nmq ifv bf rsq pfq. i[f§Àsv Iusvv bfmfpsj sjfb mcndtsmv ubA HfvD msb jvf …dyk bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªmcbfdIsjv ubA nhsysq shwD HfvD bfmfp rt, ˆwf W Iusvv bfmfp. ‰ …Hq bfmfsp dj vfJf zfsY kf pdl Wvf ufbskf kfrst r]fec sosV rstW kfv ufmfzfsk ˆsn …id²¿k rk.« (hc}, mc}, zf}, zflf}, ƒmf}) nckvfQ ˆmb nh …ifq W znDtf zhtìb jvf …dyk, pfsk pKf nmsq …sE Iusvv bfmfp ufmfzfk nrjfsv iVf nru rq. spmb njft-njft Ocdmsq iVf, shwD vfk bf ufof, jf…sj ufdosq dlsk zbcsvfL jvf, ˆtfmG OdV hAhrfv jvf, ƒkAfdl. ˆk shwD vfk suso jcvzfb sktfzk hf sjfb ƒtXmD zfstfybf jvfW ShL bq, pfv Ist Iusvv bfmfp Ycse pfWqfv Hq Kfsj. nckvfQ de,dH-dHdnzfv slsJ, kfn sJst


197

zKhf zbA sjfb zShL jfvsB vfk suso Iusvv bfmfp bó jvf sp jk hV ifsiv jfu -kf zbcsmq. i[f§Àsv pdl ƒ¤Yf jsv sj… Iusvv zfpfb ðsbW bf WsE, zKhf kfsj ufdosq slWqf nsÙ¶W bf WsE, iv§Â sp ufdosq slq kfv iadk [cé rq, zKhf ƒ¤Yf jsvƒ OdVsk ˆtfmG Iusvv nmq bf dlsq nCpG …lq rWqfv iv dEj kfv dF…dev nmsq slq, kfrst ˆmb hAdÙÁ zfïfrv dbje sKsj wfd²Àv …ipcÙÁ ˆhQ wfnbjkxGis[v dbjseW wfd²ÀspfoA. zfv ƒ¤YfjxkHfsh dhbf Wpsv Iusvv bfmfp nCpG WEfv iv zflfq jvstW pKfnmsq bfmfp kAfo jvfv ubA (hù …tfmfv Iskfqf msk) sn jfsIv rsq pfsh. jfvB, mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfmfslv W kfslv (jfsIvslv) mfsU ycdÙÁ rt bfmfp. nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ bfmfp kAfo jvsh sn jfsIv rsq pfsh.« (zf}, zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}) zfv mrfb zfïfr jcvzfsb hstb, ªbfmfpDslv ubA vsqsY `Wqfƒt' slfpJ; sp bfmfpDvf kfslv bfmfp nìsá …lfnDb.« (nCvf mf†b) zKGf{, pfvf bfmfp pKfnmsq zflfq jsv bf. (û} Iƒ} 1/352, 365) zkˆh ofItdk YfVcb ˆhQ sp sjfb iajfsv Iuv W zbAfbA bfmfp pKfnmsq zflfq jv¢b. zfïfr zfmfslvsj J]fde mcntmfb jv¢b ˆhQ zfmfslv bfmfp jhct jsv dbb. zfmDb.

sssjjjfffbbbXX X uuufffmmmfffzzzfffssskkk nnnWWWqqqfffhhh ssshhhwwwDDD???

1. ufqofv Èv¢k¶ drnfsh ufmfzfskv nWqfh jm-shwD rsq Kfsj; spmb mfndulct rfvfm, mndusl bhhD, hfqkct mfjsln, mndusl jchf iaHxdk.

2. zmnduslv kctbfq mnduslv ufmfzfsk nWqfh shwD. zhwA ubrDb mv¢HCmDsk v¢jC-dnulfr ƒkAfdl idviCBGv™si jvst kfv nWqfh 50 ÈB shwD. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ufmfzfsk iVf bfmfp i]dywde bfmfspv nmkctA. zfv pdl sj… snƒ bfmfp sjfb ubwCbA iaf§Àsv isV ˆhQ kfv v¢jc W dnulf iCBGv™si zflfq jsv, ksh ‰ bfmfp iÑfwde bfmfspv nmmfsb si]ZYfq.« (zflf} 560, nkf} 407bQ)

3. hfnf sKsj mndul pk lCsv rsh, ils[i drnfsh ufmfzfskv nWqfh kk shwD rsh. (zflf} 556bQ)

4. ufmfzfskv stfjnQJAf pk shwD rsh, kfv nWqfhW kk shwD rsh. 5. kfjhDsv kfrvDmf nr iCBG bfmfspv ufmfzfskv nWqfh djYc zQw hfl pfWqf

bfmfspv ufmfzfskv nWqfh zsi[f shwD. 6. bfmfp zbcpfqDW ufmfzfskv nWqfh jm-shwD rsq Kfsj. spmb, Iusvv

ufmfzfk ˆwfv kctbfq ˆhQ ˆwfv ufmfzfk zbAfbA zsÙÁv ufmfzfskv kctbfq nWqfsh zdLj shwD.


198

jjjfffvvv ………iiivvv ˆhhhQQQ sssjjjfffbbbXX X bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv uuufffmmmfffzzzfffkkk WWWqqqfffsssuuuhhh???

öfLDb Îfbn©iâ mcndtm icv¢sNv ubA nc²¿kf-znc²¿kf, Osv-nIsv, dhisl-dbvfisl nhGfh²¿fq pKfnfLA ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq bfmfp zflfq jvf Wqfsuh. zhwA ufmfzfk sjht Ivp bfmfspv ubA Wqfsuh. ˆ YfVf (mczfÄflfr W ofqv mczfÄflfr) ncâk ˆhQ bIt bfmfspv ubA; spmb ncbfsb vfWqfskh, dhkXv, kfdrqAfkct mfndul, kfdrqAfkct …pC, kfdrqAfkck k¶fWqfI, n¶ftfkck kfnhDr (?) n¶ftfkck kfWhfr, ƒwvfj, yfñX, zfWqfhDb iaHxdk bfmfspv ubA ufmfzfk dhdLhÝ bq. i[f§Àsv y¦û W nCpG oarsBv bfmfp, „l, ƒd²Àõf W kfvfhDrv bfmfspv ubA ufmfzfk ncâk. spmb jfpf W kfrfÏcslv bfmfspW ufmfzfk yst. zfv ˆ nh jKf pKf²¿fsb zfstfdyk rsh ƒb wfzfïfr. zfhfv nfLfvB zdkdvÙÁ bIt bfmfp ufmfzfk jsv iVf pfq. ltDt öv™i slJcb, hcJfvD 1186 W mcndtm 568bQ rflDn.

uuufffmmmfffzzzfffssskkk mmmdddrrrtttfffssslllvvv zzzQQQwww oooaa arrrBBB („slv bfmfp YfVf zbA bfmfspv ubA) mdrtfslv mnduslv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rWqfv yfƒsk öoxsr; hvQ oxsrv msLA nhsysq shwD z¦lv mrst bfmfp iVfƒ rt …Ùm. mrfbhD � hstb, ªmdrtfslv nhsysq swaô mndul kfv oxsrv dHksvv j[.« (zf}, rf} 1/209, hf}, nuf} 3327bQ) dkdb hstb, ªmdrtf öoxsr sKsj kfv vshv zdLj dbjehkGD Kfsj.« (ƒJc}, ƒdr}, k¶fh}, nkf} 339, 341bQ) ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, ªmdrtf kfv Osv sKsj vshv ƒhflk jvfv mk ƒhflk zfv zbA sjfKfW jvsk ifsv bf.« (k¶fh}, nkf} 342bQ) dkdb mdrtfslvsj nsìfLb jsv hstb, ªskfmfslv Jfn js[v bfmfp nfLfvB js[ bfmfp zsi[f …Ùm, skfmfslv nfLfvB js[v bfmfp hfdVv dHksv sjfb ufqofq bfmfp zsi[f …Ùm ˆhQ skfmfslv hfdVv dHksvv bfmfp mndusl ufmfzfsk bfmfp zsi[f …Ùm.« (zf}, k¶fh, hf}, nuf} 3844bQ) …sïJA sp, nfrfdhqf …s©m ùmfƒl …ÙÁ rflDn swfbfv iv sKsj mxkcA ipG§À dkdb k]fv hfdVv nh yfƒsk zdLj z¦lv W zájfv jfmvfsk bfmfp isVsYb. mrfbhD � hstb, ªmdrtf rt sofibDq dudbn. hfƒsv shv rst wqkfb kfv dlsj oHDv lxdósk dbdbGsmN kfdjsq slJsk Kfsj.« (k¶fh, ƒdr}, ƒJc}, nkf} 339, 341, 342bQ) ˆ skf ƒhtDn dusbv jKf. i[f§Àsv hkGmfb pcsov äDbrDb pchjlt; pfvf mdrtfv ubA rfufv wqkfb zsi[f shwD [dkjv, kfslv stftci lxdó sKsj sofisb Kfjf bfvDv ˆjf§À jkGhA.


199

ksh pdl sn ˆjf§À mnduslv ufmfzfsk wvDj rsq bfmfp iVsk yfq, kfrst kfsk zbcmdk zfsY. zhwA ˆv ubA jsqjde wkG zfsY }

1. mnduslv isK spb (t©ieslv) sjfb zðH dIkbfv zfwËf bf Kfsj. 2. mdrtf spb nflfdnLfHfsh ilGfv nfsK zfsn. zKGf{, snsuÈsu ianfLb-sn¦eX

tfdosq bf zfsn. (bfmfpDv sthfn ûóhA.) 3. ˆsk spb kfv öfmDv zbcmdk Kfsj.

öfmDv ubAW …dyk, pdl kfv ²ÃD mndusl spsk zbcmdk yfq, kfrst kfsj hfLf bf slWqf. nfrfhfslv mdrtfoB mndusl dosq ufmfzfsk bfmfp zflfq jvskb. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `mcdmb mdrtfvf zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv nfsK Iusvv bfmfp iVfv ubA slsr yflv udVsq rfdpv rk. zk}iv bfmfp swN rst kfvf dbu dbu hfnfq dIsv spk, zfhYf zájfsv kfslvsj sj… dybsk ifvk bf.' (hc} 578,mc}, zflf} 423, dk} 153, bf}, ƒmf} 669bQ) iv§Â ˆsk mnduslv lnG ƒkAfdlsk zQwoarB jvfv …ijfdvkfW vsqsY. mrfbhD � hstb, ªpdl skfmfslv ²ÃDvf skfmfslv jfsY vfsÛ mndusl zfnfv zbcmdk yfq, kfrst skfmvf kfslvsj zbcmdk dlsq lfW.« (hc}, mc},zflf}, dk}, bf}) ªzfïfrv hf¦lDslvsj mndusl zfnsk hfvB jsvf bf, pdlW kfslv Ovƒ kfslv ubA Hfstf.« (zf}, zflf} 567, rf}, nuf} 7458bQ) ªzfïfrv hf¦lDslvsj mndusl zfnsk hfvB jsvf bf, ksh kfvf spb sJfwhC hAhrfv bf jsv nflfdnLfHfsh zfsn.« (zf}, zflf}, nuf} 7457bQ) ˆjlf zfècïfr dhb …mfv htstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt �-sj htsk ðsbdY, dkdb hstsYb, ªskfmfslv mdrtfvf pdl mndusl spsk zbcmdk yfq, kfrst kfslvsj hfLf dlW bf.« ˆ rflDn swfbfv iv k]fv sYst dhtft htstb, `zfïfrv jnm! zfmvf Wslvsj hfLf slh.' ˆ jKf ðsb zfècïfr kfv mcsJfmcdJ rsq ˆmb ofdt dlstb, spmbde zfv sjfbdlb swfbf pfqdb. zk}iv dkdb htstb, `zfdm skfsj zfïfrv vnCt � sKsj Jhv dld¤Y. zfv kcƒ hdtnX, `zfïfrv jnm! zfmvf Wslvsj hfLf slh.' (mc} 442bQ) zhwA nkAis[ dIkbf, buvhfdu hf bdóIdóv zfwËf Kfjst zKhf mdrtf snsuÈsu shilGfq djQhf sn¦eX hAhrfv jsv spsk yfƒst zdHHfhj hf öfmD kfsj zbcmdk slsh bf. zbcv™iHfsh sp mdrtfvf ufmfzfsk rfdpv rsh, kfslv ubA uv¢vD ˆƒ sp, kfvf icv¢Nslv ƒmfsmv nftfm sIvf mfÛ …sE hfdV vWbf slsh. pfsk icv¢Nslv nfsK mnduslv lvufq hf isK sjfb iajfv slJf-nf[f{ bf rq. rpvk …s©m nftfmfr hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv pcso mdrtfvf pJb Ivp bfmfspv nftfm dIvk, kJb kfvf …sE yst spk. zfv vnCt � ˆhQ k]fv nfsK zbAfbA bfmfpDvf djYc[B zsi[f jvskb. zk}iv zfïfrv vnCt …sE sost icv¢Nvf …sE spk.' (hc} 866, 870bQ)


200

zhwA mdrtfslv ilGfpcÙÁ ixKj mcnfïf W ixKj lvuf rst nftfm sIvfmfÛ nk¶v …sE pfWqf uv¢vD bq. (zfdb} 1/287) iajfw sp, mdrtf nsÌ kfv sYfe dwðsjW mndusl zfbsk ifsv. ksh zhwAƒ sJqft vfJsk rsh, pfsk mnduslv sjfb dudbn, jcvzfb, idhÛkf zfdl bó ˆhQ bfmfpDslv sjfb iajfv dFófhG bf jsv.

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mnduslv hBGbfq mndusl pfWqfv djYc zflh zfstfdyk rsqsY. ufmfzfskv iafndÌjkfq ˆJfsb zfsvf djYc jKf …sïJ jvsk hfLA rd¤Y. ufmfzfsk rfdpv rWqfv ubA hfnf sKsj WpC jsv dhbsqv nfsK shv rWqf hfÒbDq. jfvB, hfnf sKsj WpC jsv bfmfsp pfWqfv jKf ˆjfdLj rflDsn …sïdJk rsqsY. ˆ nmsq nc¦lv W idv°jfv-idv¤Yâ sthfn idvLfb jvf jkGhA. ˆ dhNsq mrfb zfïfrv zfslw vsqsY. (jc} 7/31) nhGwvDv sKsj nhGiajfv lcoGá lCv jsv sbWqf uv¢vD. sthfsnv, mcsJv, Ofsmv, j]fyf di]qfu W vncb kKf dhdV-dnofsvsev lcoGá lCv jsv sbWqf zfhdwAj. pfsk sn osá dIdvñf W ifswv bfmfpD jó bf ifb ˆhQ ‰ oá-Wqftfv iadk bfmfpDslv msb msb OxBfv …sûj bf rq. ytfv isK lcƒ rfskv zfÌctnmCsrv mfsU J]fufJ]fdu jvf dbdNÝ. jfvB, bfmfspv ubA ytfW bfmfp iVfv mkƒ Èv¢k¶ vfsJ. (zflf} 562bQ) ytfv nmq bfmfpD spb ˆdlj-Wdlj bf kfjfq, Sr-rfïf bf jsv, bfmfspv djYc zQw Ycse sostW spb bf slZsV. hvQ Hûkf W o©HDvkfv nfsK kfVfùsVf bf jsv LDsv-ncs²¿ wf§ÀHfsh ufmfzfsk wfdmt rq. ytfv isK zfïfrv dpjXv msb vfJf jkGhA. (mndusl pfWqfv zflh ûóhA) …sïJA sp, mndusl iashw jvfv nmq (ucmzfv Jckhfv zfpfb YfVf zbA) zfpfb rst l]fdVsq l]fdVsq zfpfsbv …Ùv dlsq lv™l-lczf isV kfviv kfdrqAfkct mfndul zKhf zbA ncâk iVsh bfmfpD.

dddjjj dddjjj WWWpppsssvvv uuufffmmmfffzzzfffkkk YYYfffVVVfff pppfffqqq??? icv¢sNv ubA ufmfzfk Wqfsuh rstW zncdhLfv s[sÛ kf Wqfsuh Kfsj bf. mrfb zfïfrv hf¦lfv iadk äDsbv hAfifsv nfLfvB zbcoar ˆƒ sp, dkdb nfsLAv zkDk jf…sj Hfv ziGB jsvb bf. dkdb hstb,

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201

zKGf{, zfïfr äDsbv hAfifsv skfmfslv ubA sjfb nQjDBGkf vfsJb db. (jc} 5/6, 22/78) htf hfùtA, sjfb zncdhLf hf Wpv Kfjfv Ist ufmfzfsk …id²¿k bf rsk ifvst bfmfpDv sjfb sofbfr sbƒ. hvQ sn spJfsbƒ bfmfp zflfq jsv sbsh, snJfsbƒ kfv bfmfp ðÝ rsq pfsh. sp sp Wusv ufmfzfk kAfo jvst sofbfr rq bf kf dbmv™i }- 1. UV-hxdó, jflf, iayà wDk hf oaD°m } ˆjlf Efàf W hfkfsnv vfsk ƒhsb …mfv zfpfb dlstb. kfsk dkdb htstb, `swfb! skfmvf öoxsr bfmfp isV bfW.' zk}iv dkdb htstb, hxdómq Efàf vfdÛsk zfïfrv vnCt � mczfpdpbsj ˆƒ htsk zfslw dlskb, `swfb! skfmvf öoxsr bfmfp isV bfW.' (hc} 632, mc} 697bQ) ˆjlf ƒhsb zfêfn ˆj hxdómq ucmzfv dlsb k]fv mczfpdpbsj htstb, `kcdm pJb ªzfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflcv vfnCtcïfr« htsh kJb ht, skfmvf skfmfslv Osv bfmfp isV bfW.' ˆ jKf ðsb stfsjvf spb zfidÙjv msbfHfh hAÙÁ jvt. dj§Â dkdb htstb, `ˆv™i dkdb jsvsYb dpdb zfmfv sKsj swaô. zKGf{, zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv™i jsvsYb. zfv zfdmW skfmfslvsj ˆƒ jflf-ifdbsk shv rWqfsj ziY¦l jvtfm.' (hc} 901, mc} 699bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, vf²Àf diy-Tftf rstW ˆhQ Yfkfv hAh²¿f KfjstW bfmfpD wvDqskv ˆ zbcmdk oarB jvsk ifsv. 2. svfo, znc²¿kf } sp svfo W znc²¿kfv lv¢b mndul zfnsk Jchƒ jó rq. mrfbhD � pJb znc²¿ rsq isVdYstb, kJb hstdYstb, ªzfhC hfjXvsj ht, sn spb ƒmfmdk jsv.« (hc} 678, mc}) zhwA znc²¿kf nfmfbA rst; spmb ndlG, mfKf hAKf ƒkAfdlv jfvsB ufmfzfk mfI bq. i[f§Àsv i[fOfkoa²À, dyvsvfof W zKhG hxsÝv ubA ufmfzfk Wqfsuh bq. 3. Hq; idKmsLA wÛ¢, drQna u§Â hf ufstsmv Hq, Ov sYsV sost Ov ycdv rWqfv, djQhf ifrfvf sYsV sost sjfb n©il-It-Int ycdv rWqfv Hq, ƒÏk rfdb rWqfv Hq zKhf zbA sjfb iajfv hV [dkv zfwËf rst ufmfzfk mfI. 4. Jfhfv ia²Âk W …id²¿k Kfjst ˆhQ Jfhfsvv dlsj mb isV Kfjst ufmfzfk mfI. zfso sJsq kshƒ bfmfsp zQwoarB jvsk rsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªbfmfspv ƒjfmk rst ˆhQ vfskv Jfbf …id²¿k rst, zfso Jfbf sJsq bfW.« (zf}, hc}, mc}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, nuf} 374bQ) ƒhsb …mfv hstb, `pJb sj… sJsk hnsh kJb JfWqf swN bf jvf ipG§À sn spb kfVfùVf bf jsv; pdlW bfmfspv ƒjfmk rsq pfq khcW.' (hf}) 5. ianafh-ifqJfbfv yfi; ufmfzfskv nmq ianafh zKhf ifqJfbfv kth Kfjst ufmfzfk mfI. jfvB, sho vfJf zh²¿fq bfmfp ðÝ bq. zkˆh ufmfzfskvW tfH sbƒ. mrfbhD � hstb, Jfhfv nfmsb svsJ bfmfp sbƒ ˆhQ ianafh-ifqJfbfv sho KfjskW bfmfp sbƒ.« (mc} 560bQ)


202

6. mcsJ, slsr hf sthfsn lcoGá Kfjst ufmfzfk mfI. ufmfzfskv zfso j]fyf di]qfu, vncb, mctf zKhf zbcv™i hf klsi[f zdLj lcoGámq h²Â; spmb dhdV-dnofsve ƒkAfdl sJsk hfLA rst mndusl pfWqf dbdNÝ. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ (j]fyf) vncb hf di]qfu sJsqsY sn spb zfmfslv jfY sKsj zKhf zfmfslv mndul sKsj lCsv yst pfj; hvQ sn kfv Osv dosq hncj.« (mc} 564bQ) klbcv™i jnfƒ, mfY-Wqftf, mcvoD-Wqftf, sH]Vf-Wqftf ƒkAfdl stfj; pfslv dbje sKsj dhje lcoGsá …id²¿k bfmfpD W zfïfrv dIdvñf jó sisq Kfsjb, kfslv ubA ufmfzfsk …id²¿k bf rWqfƒ …Ùm. zhwA pfslv jfsYƒ lcoGá Kfsj kfvf pdl ufmfzfsk zfnfv iCshG kf lCv jsv; spmb mcsJv oá ncoámq l]fskv mfub hAhrfv jsv Lcsq, slsr lcoGá Kfjst kf nfhfb dlsq Lcsq, sthfsnv lcoGá Kfjst sthfn ifs¬e ncoá hAhrfv jsv mndusl zfnsk ifsv. (rfdwqfkcv vWdpt mcvsh', mfvf} 185ix}) 7. ƒmfsmv bfmfp hf dj¶vfzfk tìf rst lchGt hf jmGhA²À mfbcsNv ubA snƒ ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk ufmfzfk mfI. ˆj hAdÙÁ mrfbhD �-sj htt, zfïfrv jnm, sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfdm zmcj (ƒmfsmv) tìf bfmfspv ubA Iusvv ufmfzfsk rfdpv rsk ifdv bf. zfhC mfn†l hstb, zfdm sndlbjfv mk zfïfrv vnCt �-sj zbA dlb …islsw zk shwD vfofd¦hk rsk sldJdb. zk}iv dkdb htstb, ªskfmfslv msLA ˆmbW stfj zfsY, sp (bfmfpDslv msb) dhkxòf nxdó jsv. nckvfQ skfmfslv msLA sp stfsjslv ƒmfmdk jvsh sn spb bfmfp rfîf jsv isV.---« (mc}, dm} 1132bQ) 8. ufmfzfskv nmq Ocsmv yfi nfmftsk bf ifvst. Ocdmsq Kfjst ufmfzfk mfI. jfvB mrfbhD � hstb, ªdbûf zh²¿fq sjfb SwdKtA sbƒ. SwdKtA skf ufoak zh²¿fq rq. nckvfQ pJb skfmfslv msLA sj… sjfb bfmfp iVsk Hcst pfq zKhf Ocdmsq isV, kJb kfv …dyk, n¹vB rWqf mfÛ�kf isV sbWqf. sjb bf, zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªzfv zfmfsj n¹vB jvfv …sÜswA kcdm bfmfp jfsqm jv.« (jc} 20/14, mc}, dm} 604bQ) 9. ƒÏk Tfjfv mk jfsvf sthfn bf Kfjst ufmfzfk mfI. (vWpfkck k¶fsthDb 1/345-346) 10. nIsv shv rsq nÌD Ycse pfWqfv Hq Kfjst ufmfzfk kAfo jvf yst. (mcobD 2/453) 11. mxkhAdÙÁv sofnt-jfIb dbsq hA²À Kfjst ufmfzfk YfVf yst. jfvB nk¶v jfIb-lfIb jvfW ˆjde uv¢vD jfu. (nfuf} 186ix}) 12. kfqf©mcmjfvD ifdb ifWqfv hAfifsv dbdÇyk rst Wpc jvsk dosq ufmfzfk Ycest slfN sbƒ. ˆ s[sÛ kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp rsh bf. spmb ufmfzfk (zbcv™i „l, ufbfpf, ƒd²Àõf iaHxdk bfmfp) swN rsk ytt slsJW ifdb Kfjsk kfqf©mcm jsv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq bfmfp iVstW bfmfp rsh bf. ˆ s[sÛ WpC jvfƒ uv¢vD; pdlW ufmfzfk Ycse pfq. (mh} 26/108)


203

13. zkA§À lcdÇy§Àfoa²À rst zKhf nmfu kfv wvqD hqje jvst ufmfzfk kAfo jvf ShL. spmb drtft dhb …mfƒqf ˆhQ mcvfvfr dhb vfhDv nfsK mrfbhD � W k]fv nfrfhfoB hqje jvst k]fvf öoxsrƒ zh²¿fb jsvdYstb. (hc} 4418bQ) 14. rpvk zfhC lfvlf hstb, `mfbcsNv äDbD Îfsbv (dIjXsrv) ˆjde dyrÁ ˆƒ sp, bfmfspv nmq pdl sjfb djYc jvf zfð W uv¢vD iasqfub isV kfrst sn iaKsm dbsuv snƒ iasqfub snsv sbq, pfsk sn (dy§Àf W hA²Àkf) sKsj dbsuv r™lqsj mcÙÁ W Jfdt jsv bfmfsp zdHdbshw jvsk ifsv.' (hc}) iajfw sp, sp hAdÙÁ nkAis[ sjfb Wuv Kfjfv Ist ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rsk z[m rq, dj§Â snƒ nfsK kfv mb isV Kfsj ufmfzfskv iadk, ufmfzfsk rfduv bf rsk ifvfv ubA kfv zf§Àdvj idvkfi W zfIsnfn Kfsj, sn hAdÙÁ Osv bfmfp iVstW ufmfzfskv nWqfh tfH jvsh. spmb sp hAdÙÁ ufmfzfk Lvfv zfwfq bfbf jmGhA²Àkfv mfsU wk syófv iv mndusl ˆsn slsJ sp ufmfzfk swN rsq sosY, sn hAdÙÁW sofbfr sKsj sh]sy pfsh ˆhQ ufmfzfskv nWqfh ifsh. spsrkc sbj jfu jvfv ubA sjht lxP nQj¬i rstƒ ˆhQ sn jfu jvsk n[m bf rstW mrfb zfïfr dbu zbcoasr hf¦lfsj kfv nQj¬i W syófv dhdbmq lfb jsv Kfsjb. mrfbhD � hstb, sp hAdÙÁ öoxsr nc¦lvHfsh WpC jsv mndusl pfq ˆhQ slsJ sp, (ƒmfm nr ufmfzfskv) stfsjvf bfmfp isV dbsqsY, sn hAdÙÁsj zfïfr kfslv mkƒ nWqfh lfb jsvb, pfvf ufmfzfsk rfdpv sKsj bfmfp isVsY. zfv ˆsk kfslv djdÑ{ idvmfBW nWqfh jm rq bf.« (zflf} 564, bf}, rf}, nkf} 405bQ) i[f§Àsv sjfb ndEj Wusvv jfvsB mndul zfnsk bf ifvstW Osv hsnƒ ufmfzfskv nWqfh tfH rsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªhf¦lf pJb znc²¿ rq zKhf nIv jsv kJb zfïfr kfv (zfmt-bfmfq) snƒ zfmstv nWqfhƒ dtsJ Kfsjb, sp zfmt sn nc²¿ W Osv Kfjf zh²¿fq jvk.« (zf}, hc}, nuf} 799bQ) khcj zdHpfsbv nIsv dkdb hstb, ªmlDbfsk ˆmb ˆjde sofôD vsqsY, pfvf skfmfslv iaskAj ytfv isK ˆhQ iaskAj zdkÛÁmA …ikAjfskƒ skfmfslv nfsK Kfsj. kfslvsj sjfb Wuv zfesj svsJsY.« zbA ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, ªkfvf skfmfslv nWqfsh wvDj zfsY.« (zf}, hc}, mc}, zflf}, ƒmf}, nuf} 2036bQ) htf hfùtA, Wuv dmKAf hf zucrfk sJ]fVf rst, msbv msLA sjfb iajfv zftnA hf dTstdm Kfjst ˆhQ nWqfh tfsHv sjfb stfH hf ƒ¤Yf bf Kfjst nWqfh skf rshƒ bf, …¬ef sofbfr rsh. ianÌk} …sïJA sp, hfdVsk sYst-smsqslvsj dbsq ufmfzfk jsv Ivp bfmfp iVst mnduslv ufmfzfk mfI rq bf. (mh} 17/67) spmb ifsw mndul Kfjsk jmG²¿st nrjmGDslv nfsK jmG²¿stv dHksvƒ sjfb v¢sm ufmfzfk jsv bfmfp iVst kf psKó bq. hvQ mndusl …id²¿k rWqf uv¢vD. (‰ 17/51-52)


204

jjjkkkÈÈÈssstttfff bbbfffmmmfffpppDDD rrrsssttt uuufffmmmfffzzzfffkkk rrrssshhh??? ƒmfm YfVf jm is[ ˆjde bfmfpD rst ufmfzfk odEk rsh; yfsr sn bfmfpD Îfbn©iâ dwð srfj zKhf mdrtf. mrfbhD � ƒhsb zfêfnsj dbsq ufmfzfk jsv (kfrfÏcl) bfmfp isVsYb. (hc}, mc}, zf}, zfnc}) dkdb nIsv …lAk lcƒub stfjsj hstdYstb, ªbfmfspv nmq …id²¿k rst skfmfslv�ˆjub zfpfb slsh�ˆhQ skfmfslv msLA�sp hV sn�ƒmfmdk jvsh.« (hc} 630bQ, mc}, bf}, lf})

bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv jjjkkkeeecc cjjjcc c zzzQQQwww sssiiisssttt uuufffmmmfffzzzfffssskkkvvv IIIpppDDDtttkkk iiifffWWWqqqfff pppfffqqq???

bfmfspv ˆj vfjzfk ƒmfsmv nfsK sist ufmfzfskv iCBG IpDtk ifWqf pfq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ƒmfsmv nfsK ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp sisq sot, sn bfmfp sisq sot.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1412bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfr zKhf zbA bfmfspv ˆj vfjzfk sisq sot, sn bfmfp sisq sot.« (ƒmf} 1123bQ) zhwA ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv zfso kfjhDsv kfrvDmf dlsq bfmfspv specjc zQw ifWqf pfq snecjcsj dHdÙ jsv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rWqf pfq. spsrkc mrfbhD � hstb, ªbfmfspv ƒjfmk rsq sost skfmvf slZsV ˆn bf. hvQ skfmvf öfHfdhjHfsh yst ˆn. zfv skfmfslv mfsU spb d²¿vkf Kfsj. zk}iv specjc bfmfp ifW kf isV bfW ˆhQ pf Ycse pfq kf icvf jsv bfW.« (mc} 602) …sïJA sp, ufmfzfk jvfv mk stfj KfjstW swN vfjzfsk v¢jCv iv hf swN kfwfrùsl ufmfzfsk wfdmt bf rsq ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv däkDq ufmfzfk jvf …Ùm bq. …Ùm rt, ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv zfso ipG§À ufmfzfsk wfdmt rWqf. (Ifmcnf} 76ix}) sj… sj… hstb, nsÌ ufmfzfk jvfv mk stfj Kfjst ˆhQ ƒmfm swN kfwfrùsl Kfjst ufmfzfsk wfdmt bf rsq kfslv nftfm dIvfv iv bkcbHfsh ufmfzfk jsv bfmfp iVf …Ùm. sjbbf, mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ƒmfsmv nfsK ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp sisq sot, sn bfmfp sisq sot.« zfv kfv mfsbƒ rt sp ˆj vfjzfk sit bf hvQ dnulfr hf kfwfrùl sit, sn bfmfp sit bf. zkˆh bkcb jsv ufmfzfk jvst iaKm sKsj ufmfzfk ifWqf pfsh ˆhQ iCBG bfmfpW ifWqf pfsh. zfv ˆefƒ rsh …Ùm. (Ifkfufmf} 50ix}) zkˆh zfïfrƒ Hfstf ufsbb.


205

mmmnnnddduuussslllvvv uuufffmmmfffzzzfffkkk YYYcc cssseee sssooosssttt

mnduslv ufmfzfk Ycse sost hf ufmfzfk swN rWqfv iv mndusl ˆst pdl zbA stfj Kfsj kfrst kfslv nfsK dmst ˆjub ƒmfm rsq ufmfzfk jsv bfmfp iVsh. pdl zfv sjfb stfsjv …id²¿dkv zfwf bf Kfsj, kfrst zbA mndusl ufmfzfk bf rWqfv LfvBf ifjf rst snJfsb dosq ufmfzfsk bfmfp iVsh. kf bf rst mndusl ˆjfjD bfmfp iVfv yfƒsk hfdVsk dIsv dosq dbsuv idvhfv-idvubsj dbsq ufmfzfk jsv bfmfp iVf …Ùm. mrfbhD � ˆv™i jsvsYb hst iamfB zfsY. (kfdm} 155ix}, nfuf} 56ix}) zhwA hfdVsk ufmfzfk jvfv mk stfj bf Kfjst Ivp bfmfp hfdVv sysq mndusl iVfƒ …Ùm. jfvB, bfmfspv …sÜswA mndusl pfWqfv ixKj ShdwóA zfsY ˆhQ Ivp bfmfp mndusl iVfv zfslw zfsY.

mmmnnnddduuussslll dddäääkkkDDDqqq uuufffmmmfffzzzfffkkk ˆjƒ mndusl ˆjƒ nmsq lcde ufmfzfk jvf ShL bq. sjbbf kfsk ufmfzfk bf rsq dhd¤Yâkfƒ iajfw ifq. zhwA sjfb mndusl dbdlGó ƒmfm bf Kfjst snJfsb iaKm ufmfzfskv iv däkDq hf kxkDq ufmfzfk lCNBDq bq. spmb isKv Lfsv hf hfufsvv mndusl hfvhfv ufmfzfk rWqfW slfNfhr bq. hvQ pfvf pJb zfnsh kfvf kJbƒ ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfp zflfq jsv dbu dbu jfsu shv rsq pfsh. spmb mndul sYfe rWqfv jfvsB iaKm ufmfzfsk dhvfe nQJAj mfbcsNv ˆj nfsK bfmfp iVf n©Hh bf rst, ufmfzfk swN rWqfv iv däkDq hf kxkDq ufmfzfk jvfW ShL. mnduslv dbLGfdvk ƒmfsmv ƒmfmdksk ufmfzfk swN rsq pfWqfv iv ufmfzfk rWqfv mk stfj mndusl ˆst ufmfzfskv IpDtk sbWqfv …sÜswA kfslv däkDq ufmfzfk jvf ShL. ˆjlf ufmfzfk rsq sost ˆj hAdÙÁ mndusl ˆt. mrfbhD � htstb, ªsj zfsY sp ˆv ubA nfljfr jvsh? (ˆv nWqfh hLGb jvsh?)« ˆ jKf ðsb ˆj hAdÙÁ …sE kfv nfsK bfmfp iVt. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 1146bQ) rpvk zfbfn ˆj mndusl ˆstb. slJstb, snJfsb ufmfzfk rsq sosY. dkdb snJfsb zfpfb-ƒjfmk dlsq ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfp zflfq jvstb. (hc}, Ihf} 2/154) zhwA ˆƒ nchfsl sj… spb iaKm ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rWqfsk dTstdm bf jsv. jfvB, (sjfb Wpv bf Kfjst) zfpfb swfbfmfÛ mndusl rfdpv rWqfv ubA k{iv rWqf Wqfsuh. (Ifmcnf} 74ix})


206

uuufffmmmfffzzzfffssskkkvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp ssslllvvvDDDssskkk rrrsssttt zfWqft-zsÙÁ ˆjfjD bfmfp iVfv yfƒsk ˆjec slvDsk ufmfzfk nr bfmfp iVf …Ùm. dhswN jsv vfskv ˆwfv bfmfp slvDsk rst ˆjfjD zfWqft zsÙÁ bfmfp isV ðsq iVf …Ùm bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªbfmfsp nhsysq nWqfh shwD kfv, pfsj (mnduslv isK) r]fesk rq shwD. zfv sp hAdÙÁ zsi[f jsv ƒmfm W ufmfzfskv nfsK isV sn hAdÙÁv nWqfh kfv sKsj shwD, sp (ˆjfjD) bfmfp isV dbsq Ocdmsq pfq.« (hc} 651bQ) zhwA ƒmfm pdl Jch dTst rb ˆhQ Jch slvD jsv bfmfp isVb, kfrst kfv dbslGw dHâ. mrfbhD � ˆjlf zfhC pfvG -sj htstb, ªdj jvsh kcdm, pJb ˆmb djYc zfmDv rsh, pfvf pKf nmq sKsj bfmfp slvD jsv iVsh?« zfhC pfvG htstb, `zfmfsj zfidb dj zfslw jsvb? htstb, ªkcdm skfmfv bfmfp pKfnmsq isV bfW. zk}iv pdl snƒ bfmfp kfslv nfsK ifW, kfrst icbvfq kfslv nfsK (ufmfzfsk) isV bfW. ˆef skfmfv ubA bIt rsq pfsh.« (mc}, nczf})

ƒƒƒmmmfffmmmdddkkkvvv dddhhhhhhvvvBBB nhGfÌnc¦lv ƒntfsmv ncôc ˆj dhLfb rt ufmfzfk kKf kfv idvyftj ˆjj ƒmfm hf sbkfv dhLfb. ƒmfm rstb nmfsuv sbkf. ncwx£Jt W ncôc uDhb-pfib jvfv ubA sbkfv lvjfv ˆjf§À. dpdb rshb mcndtsmv nmfu-sj¦û mnduslv ƒmfm ˆhQ dkdbƒ rshb ƒntfmD-wvDqk hAfJAfkf kKf dbslGw ialfbjfvD. dkdb rshb njstv njt jfsuv zfso. k]fv mcÊjfvD zfJtfj-ydvÛ, zfyfv-hAhrfv ˆhQ nhGiajfv zfyvsB nmfsuv ubA dlj-dbBGqj kfvf. dkdb iaydtk `smfïf` bb, k]fv slZV mndul ipG§Àƒ bq. hvQ k]fv slZV sofsvv isvW ivifsvv ncJmq uDhb ipG§À. dkdb nmfsuv sj¦ûdh¦lc. dkdb mfbbDq W zbcnvBDq. dkdb nmfu-nQõfvj, ncivfmwGlfkf, jtAfBjfmD W ðHfbcLAfqD. dkdb ƒntfsmv dhwft ƒhflk bfmfspv sbkf, dkdbƒ durfslv mqlfsb iaLfb snbfidk.

ƒƒƒmmmfffmmm rrrWWWqqqfffvvv nnnhhhGG G fffdddLLLjjj ssshhhwwwDDD ssspppfffoooAAA sssjjj??? ƒmfmdkv nhsysq shwD spfoA dkdb, dpdb jcvzfsbv rfsIp; dpdb (kfuhDl nr) Hfstf jcvzfb iVsk ifsvb. kfuhDl YfVf rfsIp ƒmfmdkv spfoA bq. iCBG rfsIp bf rstW p]fv iVf Hfstf ˆhQ shwD jcvzfb mcJ²¿ zfsY dkdbƒ ƒmfm rWqfv zdLj spfoA. mrfbhD � hstb, ªdkb hAdÙÁ rst Wslv msLA ˆjub ƒmfmdk jvsh. zfv ƒmfmdkv shwD rjlfv snƒ hAdÙÁ, sp kfslv msLA shwD Hfstf jcvzfb iVsk ifsv.«


207

(mc}, dm} 1118bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªstfsjslv ƒmfm snƒ hAdÙÁ rsh sp shwD Hfstf jcvzfb iVsk ifsv. iVfsk njst nmfb rst Wslv msLA sp shwD ncâfr ufsb, ncâfrv Îfb njstv nmfb Kfjst Wslv msLA sp nhfv zfso druvk jsvsY, druvskW njst nmfb rst Wslv msLA pfv hqn shwD sn ƒmfm rsh. zfv sjfb hAdÙÁ spb ziv hAdÙÁv ufqofq kfv dhbf zbcmdksk ƒmfmdk bf jsv ˆhQ bf sj… jfsvf Osv kfv hnfv ufqofq kfv dhbf zbcmdksk hsn.« (zf}, mc}, dm} 1117bQ) …sïJA sp, nfLfvB bfmfpDv mk ƒmfmdkv ubAW ncâkD sthfn …Ùm. ksh mfKfq ifoVD, v¢mft hf eciD rWqf djQhf mfKf Tfjf ƒmfmdkv ubA wkG, Ivp hf uv¢vD bq. (I…} 1/386, 389) nckvfQ pfv mfKf Tfjf zfsY kfv sKsj pfv mfKf Tfjf sbƒ, sn Hfstf jcvzfb iVsk ifvst snƒ ƒmfmdkv rjlfv.

pppfffssslllvvv ƒƒƒmmmfffmmmdddkkk SSShhhLLL WWW ðððÝÝÝ ˆmb jkj stfj zfsY pfslvsj zfifk}lxdósk ƒmfmdkv zspfoA msb rstW iajxklxdósk kfslv ƒmfmdk ShL W ðÝ. zhwA ðv¢sk ˆjef Èv¢k¶iCBG bDdk msb vfJst ˆ iansÌ zsbj Hct hcUfhcdU lCv rsq pfsh. sp hAdÙÁv bfmfp ðÝ, kfv ƒmfmdkW ðÝ ˆhQ kfv diYsb mcÙÁflDv bfmfpW ðÝ. zfv pfv bfmfp ðÝ bq, kfv ƒmfmdkW ðÝ bq ˆhQ kfv diYsb mcÙÁflDv bfmfpW ðÝ bq. (mcm} 2/316-317) pfvf ƒmfm rWqfv spfoA bq hst LfvBf rsk ifsv zKy (ƒmfmdkv ÈBfhtD hkGmfb Kfjst) kfvf zfnst kfv spfoA ˆmb djYc stfj dbm´v™i }-

1 . zá } zá mfbcsNv idhÛkf W idv¤Yâkfv hAfifsv ns¦lr KfjstW nh zá nmfb bq. nckvfQ spfoAkf Kfjst sn ƒmfm rsk ifsv. zfïfrv vnCt � zá nfrfhD zfècïfr dhb …s©m mfjkCmsj lc-lc hfv mlDbfv ƒmfm hfdbsqdYstb ˆhQ dkdb stfsjslv bfmfspv ƒmfmdk jsvsYb. (zf}, zflf}, dm} 1121bQ)

2. ÛÁDklfn } ÛÁDklfn, pcÝh¦lD lfn, mcÙÁlfn, nfLfvB lfn, HxkA, yfjv, hf vfJft spfoA rst kfv ƒmfmdk ðÝ ˆhQ ˆmb zfkvfIslv iÇyfsk zfwvfIslvW bfmfp ðÝ. mrfbhD � pJb mlDbfq iaKm iaKm druvk jsv ˆstb, kJb mcrfsuvDbvf jchfv dbjehkGD …nhfr bfmj ˆj ufqofq zh²¿fb ðv¢ jvstb. snJfsb zfhC ùpfƒIf -ˆv mcÙÁ jvf lfn nfstm stfsjslv ƒmfmdk jvskb. k]fv nhfv yfƒsk shwD jcvzfb mcJ²¿ dYt. zKy k]fv iÇyfsk mcÙÁflDslv msLA rpvk …mfv ˆhQ zfhC nftfmfW dYstb. (hc}, 692, zflf} 588bQ, dm} 1127bQ)


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klbcv™i rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv mcÙÁ jvf lfn zfhC zfmXv bfmfspv ƒmfmdk jvskb. (mcnbfl ƒmfm wfsIqD) k]fv pfjWqfb bfmj zfv ˆj mcÙÁ jvf lfnW ƒmfmdk jvskb. (mf}, ƒzfwf} 7215, 7216, 7217 bQ)

3. mcnfdIv } mcnfdIsvv ubA nIsv bfmfp umf W jnv jvf ncâk rstW ˆhQ sn ƒmfmdk jvfv nmq bfmfp jnv jsv iVstW kfv diYsb oxrhfnDslv bfmfp ðÝ. zhwA ˆ s[sÛ oxrhfnDvf ‰ mcnfdIv ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv …sE hfjD bfmfp iCvB jsv sbsh. zKGf{, ƒmfm W mcÙÁflD dmst 2 vfjzfk rsq sost mcÙÁflDvf ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv …sE ˆjf ˆjf zfsvf hfjD 2 vfjzfk isV sbsh. zfv sn bfmfp umf jsv iVst ²¿fbDq hfdn¦lfvf kf jvsh bf.

4. l]fVfsk z[m hAdÙÁ } l]fVfsk z[m hAdÙÁv ƒmfmdk ðÝ. ksh mcÙÁflDvfW (l]fVfsbfv nmq) hsn bfmfp iVsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªƒmfm ˆ ubAƒ hfbfsbf rsqsY sp, kfv zbcnvB jvf rsh. nckvfQ --- sn pJb l]fdVsq bfmfp iVsh, kJb skfmvfW l]fdVsq bfmfp iV ˆhQ pJb hsn bfmfp iVsh kJb skfmvfW hsn bfmfp iV. zfv sn hsn Kfjst skfmvf l]fVfW bf; spmb ifvsnAv stfsjvf kfslv n©mfbfrG hAdÙÁslv ubA jsv Kfsj.« (zf}, mc}, zflf}, bf}, nuf} 2356bQ) dj§Â ivhkGDsk dkdb hsn bfmfp iVst k]fv iÇyfsk nfrfhDoB l]fdVsqƒ bfmfp isVsYb. ˆv Ist …tfmfoB hstb sp, ƒmfm nfmdqj zncdhLfv jfvsB hsn bfmfp iVst mcÙÁflDvfW hsn bfmfp iVsh. bsy{, swN uDhsb hfLGjAudbk jfvsB hsn bfmfp iVst mcÙÁflDvf (l]fVfsbfv nmq) l]fdVsqƒ bfmfp iVsh. htf hfùtA, k]fv iCshGjfv zfmt mbnCJ bq. jfvB, k]fv zfmt äfvf k]fv zfslw mbnCJ rq bf. kfYfVf k]fv ivhkGDsk nfrfhfoBW ƒmfm hsn bfmfp iVst hsnƒ bfmfp isVsYb. zhwA ‰ s[sÛ hsn bfmfp iVf Wqfsuh bf hst mc²Àfrfh htf spsk ifsv. (dm} 1139bQ, 1/357 zfthfbDv eDjf nr û})

5. kfqf©mcmjfvD } sp hAdÙÁ WpC jvsk bf sisv kfqf©mcm jsv bfmfp isV kfv ƒmfmdk ˆhQ kfv iÇyfsk pfvf WpC jsv bfmfp isV kfslv bfmfp ðÝ. rpvk zfmXv dhb zfn hstb, pfkcn nftfdnt pcÝ−nIsv�ˆj wDskv vfsk zfmfv�öislfN rt. zfmfv Hq rt sp, pdl sofnt jdv kfrst zfdm L¶Qn rsq pfh. kfƒ zfdm kfqf©mcm jsv nÌDslvsj dbsq�(ƒmfm rsq) Iusvv bfmfp iVtfm. zfmfv nÌDvf�ˆjKf bhD��−ˆv dbjse�…sïJ jvst dkdb htstb, ªsr zfmXv! kcdm bfifj zh²¿fq skfmfv nÌDslv�ƒmfmdk jsvY?« zfdm sofnt bf jvfv jfvB k]fsj httfm. zfsvf


209

httfm sp, zfïfr kfzftfv ˆ hfBDW zfdm wcsbdY, dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf zfk¹rkAf jsvf bf. dbÇyq zfïfr skfmfslv iadk hV lqfwDt.« (jc} 4/29) ˆjKf wcsb dkdb rfnstb ˆhQ zfv djYcƒ htstb bf. (hc}, n}zflf} 323bQ, zf}, rf}, lfvf}, ƒdr})

6. sjht mdrtfslv ubA mdrtf } mdrtf mdrtf bfmfpDslv ƒmfmdk jvsk ifsv. …s©m zvfjfr dhb bfWIft (vf}) mrfbhD �-ˆv dbslGwmsk k]fv idvhfsvv mdrtfslv ƒmfmdk jvskb. (zflf} 591-592bQ) zhwA ˆ s[sÛ mdrtf ƒmfm mdrtfslv jfkfv sYsV icv¢sNv mk nfmsb ˆjfdjbD l]fVfsh bf. hvQ jfkfsvv mLAJfsb l]fdVsq ƒmfmdk jvsh. (zfvf}, mcrfïf 3/171-173) zfswifsw shofbf icv¢N bf Kfjst nwsè kjhDv W djvfzfk iVsh. (mh} 30/113)

7. sjht mdrtfslv ubA icv¢N } sjfb icv¢N sjht mdrtf ufmfzfskv ƒmfmdk jvsk ifsv. ksh wkG rt, mdrtf spb ˆofbf rq, bsy{ shofbf rst spb ˆjf bf rq, idviCBG ilGfv nfsK ˆjfdLj Kfsj ˆhQ sjfb iajfv dIkbfv Hq bf Kfsj zKhf kfv nsÌ spb sjfb ˆofbf mdrtf hf zbA icv¢N Kfsj. (mcm} 4/352) ˆjlf j¶fvD nfrfhD rpvk …hfƒ dhb jf'h zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv jfsY zfvu jvstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! okvfsÛ zfdm ˆjde (zöfHfdhj) jfu jsvdY.' dkdb htstb, ªsnef dj?« …hfƒ htstb, `djYc mdrtf zfmfv Osv umf rsq htt, zfidb (Hfstf W shwD) jcvzfb iVsk ifsvb, zfmvf ifdv bf. zkˆh zfidb zfu zfmfslv ƒmfmdk jsvb. kfslv ˆƒ zbcsvfsL zfdm kfslvsj dbsq 8 vfjzfk ˆhQ dhkv isVdY.' ˆ jKf ðsb mrfbhD � yci Kfjstb. zKGf{ k]fv ˆƒ bDvh Kfjf ˆ hAfifsv k]fv smZbn©mdk rsq sot. (k¶fh}, zfqf})

8. bfhftj djswfv } Îfbn©iâ bfhftj djswfsvv ubA pdlW bfmfp Ivp bq, khcW hVslv ubA Ivp-bIt nh bfmfspƒ kfv ƒmfmdk ðÝ. zfmXv dhb nftfmfr 6-7 hYv hqsn stfsjslv ƒmfmdk jsvsYb. zfv dkdb dYstb njstv msLA shwD jcvzfsbv rfsIp. (hc} 4302, mc}, zflf} 585bQ)

9. ufvu } hAdHyfvufk n§Àfsbv sjfb slfN sbƒ. kfv mf-hfsiv slfN kfv OfsV zfnsk ifsv bf. nckvfQ zbAfbA dlsj spfoAkf Kfjst kfv ƒmfmdk ˆhQ kfv iÇyfsk bfmfp ðÝ. (mh} 19/147-148) 10. sp bIt hf dHâ Ivp bfmfp iVsY } sp bIt bfmfp iVsY kfv diYsb Ivp bfmfp ðÝ; spmb kfvfhDrv ufmfzfsk ˆwfv


210

bfmfp, zKhf zfnsvv ufmfzfsk spfrsvv jfpf bfmfp zKhf jfpf bfmfp zflfqjfvDv diYsb Ivp bfmfp zflfq jvf ðÝ. ˆ s[sÛ ƒmfm W mcÙÁflDv dbqk dHâ rstW kf sjfb slfsNv bq. spsrkc uv¢vD rt hfdrAj jmGfhtDsk ƒmfsmv zbcnvB jvf. rpvk mczfp dhb ufhft mrfbhD �-ˆv nfsK ˆwfv bfmfp iVskb. zk}iv dIsv dosq dbsuv sofsÛv stfsjslv ‰ bfmfpƒ iVfskb. ˆj hBGbfq zfsY sp, ˆ bfmfp k]fv bIt rk ˆhQ stfsjslv rk Ivp. (hc}, mc}, wfsIqD, lfvf}, hf} 3/86, dm} 1150-1151bQ)

11. n©mfdbk Kfjsk zsi[fjxk jm n©mfdbk stfsjv ƒmfmdk} n©mfdbk Kfjsk zsi[fjxk jm n©mfdbk hAdÙÁv ƒmfmdk ShL. ˆjlf zfècv vrmfb dhb zfWsIv iÇyfsk mrfbhD � bfmfp isVsYb. (mc} 274bQ)

pppfffssslllvvv ƒƒƒmmmfffmmmdddkkk ðððÝÝÝ bbbqqq

1. icv¢sNv ubA mdrtf } icv¢sNv ubA mdrtfv ƒmfmdk ShL W ðÝ bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsn ufdk sjfb dlb nIt rsh bf, sp ufdk kfslv jmGHfv ˆjub mdrtfsj nmiGB jvsh.« (hc}, dk}, hf}) htf hfùtA, mdrtf pk hVƒ spfoA srfj, mcÙÁflD dbsuv sYst srfj zKhf zbA sj… srfj, öfmD ufsrt ˆhQ ²ÃD jcvzfsbv rfsIp srfj khcW sjfb s[sÛƒ mdrtf icv¢sNv ƒmfmdk jvsk ifsv bf. ˆde icv¢sNv ˆjde ök§Ã ShdwóA. (I…} 1/382)

2. mcwdvj W dhlzfkD } sp hAdÙÁ zfïfrv nfsK sjfb ƒhflsk zbA sjfb nxdósj wvDj jsv, spmb mfpfv iCuf jsv, mfpfsv dosq dnulf, bpv-dbqfp, mfbk, jcvhfbD, kWqfI iaHxdk dbshlb jsv, snJfsb ncJ-nmxdÝ hf n§Àfb yfq, nfrfpA iafKGbf jsv, sp hAdÙÁ ofqhD (zlxswAv Jhv ufbfv) lfhD jsv W stfsjv rfk hf HfoA-HdhNAk hst slq, sp (sjfb ið hf ifJDv yfmVf, rfV, stfm hf iftj dlsq, sjfb ofYiftfv dwjV hf Ict-ifkf dlsq, jfsvf jfisVv sjfb zQw dlsq, dIdvñf, dub, bhD, nfrfhD, WtD hf wqkfsbv bfm dtsJ zKhf dhdHâ nQJAfv bjwf hfdbsq, zKhf skst±mfdk dhdHâ jfvnfdu jsv, sbfQvf W bfifj sjfb dudbn dlsq) dwjGD kfhDp dtsJ, sp hAdÙÁ lcƒ usbv mfsU (dhswN jsv öfmD-²ÃDv mfsU) siam hf dhsäN nxdó jvfv ubA kfhDp jsv, spfo hf pflc jsv, ˆ swaBDv ƒmfsmv bfmfp ðÝ bq, ƒmfmdk ðÝ bq ˆhQ kfv iÇyfsk bfmfpW ðÝ bq. (mh} 19/159, 22/82, 24/78, 89, 26/97, 28/55) klbcv™i dhlzfkD pdl dhlzfsk mcjfIXdIvfr hf ˆmb dhlzfk jsv pfsk mfbcN jfsIv rsq pfq, kfrst sn dhlzfkDv diYsb bfmfp ðÝ bq.


211

3. Ifsnj } Ifsnj rt snƒ hAdÙÁ, sp zShL, rfvfm hf dbdNÝ jfu jsv ˆhQ Ivp hf Wqfsuh jfu kAfo jsv; zKGf{ jfhDvf sofbfr jsv. spmb, LCmifb jsv, dhdV-dnofsve, ulGf-kfmfj iaHxdk mfljûhA hAhrfv jsv, zKhf nCl hf Ocn Jfq, zKhf dmKAf hst, zKhf (zShL siam) hAdHyfv jsv, zKhf lfdV y]fsY hf (ˆj mcdEv jm) sY]se sIst, zKhf mcwdvjslv pshr (rftft msb bf jsv) Jfq, (rftft msb jsv sJst kfv diYsb bfmfp rsh bf.) zKhf ²ÃD-jbAfsj shilGf svsJ kfslv hAfifsv „NGfrDb rq, zKhf mf-hfisj slsJ bf hf kfslvsj Hfk slq bf ƒkAfdl. …ÙÁ njt hAdÙÁ ˆhQ kfslv zbcv™i zbAfbA hAdÙÁv diYsb bfmfp mjv™r (ziY¦lbDq). dhLfq kfsj ƒmfmv™si dbhGfyb W dbsqfo jvf ShL W …dyk bq. dj§Â pdl sjfb jfvsB hf yfsi isV hfLA rsqƒ kfv diYsb bfmfp iVskƒ rq, kfrst bfmfp rsq pfsh. (mh} 5/290, 300, 6/251, 15/80, 18/90, 111, 19/152, 22/75, 77, 92, 24/78) nfrfhfosBv pfmfbfq nfrfhfoB Ifsnsjv diYsb bfmfp isVsYb. rpvk zfècïfr dhb …mfv rfÏfsuv diYsb bfmfp isVsYb. (hc}) zfhC nf„l JclvD mfvWqfsbv diYsb bfmfp isVsYb. (mc}, zflf}, dk}) rpvk Wnmfb dIkbfv nmq pJb öoxsr zhv¢Ý dYstb, kJb …hfƒlcïfr dhb zflD dhb dJqfv k]fv dbje …id²¿k rsq htstb, `zfidb ubnfLfvsBv ƒmfm. zfv zfibfv …iv sp dhil ˆsnsY kf skf slJskƒ ifs¤Yb. dIkbfv ƒmfm zfmfslv bfmfspv ƒmfmdk jvsY; zKy kfv iÇyfsk bfmfp iVsk zfmvf däLfshfL jdv.' dkdb htstb, `bfmfp rt mfbcsNv nhGswaô zfmt. nckvfQ stfsj Hfstf hAhrfv jvst kfslv nfsKW Hfstf hAhrfv jv. zfv m¦l hAhrfv jvst kfslv nfsK m¦l hAhrfv jvf sKsj lCsv Kfj.' (hc} 695, dm} 623bQ)

4. ƒmfmdkv dhdbmsq zKGoarBjfvD hAdÙÁ } ƒmfmdksj sp zKGjvD siwf msb jsv ƒmfmdk jsv; zKGf{, sjht iqnfv Lf¦lfq ƒmfmdk jsv, ˆmb ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk bfmfp mjv™r. zfhC lf†l hstb, (ƒmfm) zfrmfl ˆmb ƒmfsmv hAfifsv duÎfdnk rstb, sp hst, `zfdm ˆk ˆk (efjfv) dhdbmsq vmpfsb skfmfslv ƒmfmdk jvh.' dkdb htstb, `zfïfrv jfsY dbvfiÙf yfƒ. sj ˆv siYsb bfmfp iVsh?' (mfvf} 99ix}) iajfw Kfsj sp, ƒmfmdkv ubA snZubA nrjfsv ƒmfmsj shkb, Hfkf hf dhdbmq slWqf mcÙÁflDslv jkGhA. ƒmfsmv …dyk, sjfb ycdÙÁ bf jvf; hvQ mcÙÁflDslv dhshsjv …iv pf ifq kfskƒ n§Âó rsq zfïfrv Wqfs²À ƒmfmdkv lfdqk¶ iftb jvf. i[f§Àsv ufmfzfskv …dyk, ƒmfsmv ˆƒ äDblfvDsj n²Àfv ncspfov™si hAhrfv bf jvf. hvQ dhshj, bAfpA W …dyk mk k]fv jftfdkifskv hAh²¿f jsv slWqf. spmb …dyk bq ˆhQ zfslZ …dyk bq, ƒmfm nfsrhsj ufmfzfskv `sjbf softfm' msb jvf.


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5. dj¶vfzfk Hct pfv } sp jcvzfb iVsk ˆmb Hct isV, pfsk mfsb hlst pfq, kfv ƒmfmdk W kfv diYsb sp Hfstf jcvzfb iVsk ifsv kfv bfmfp ðÝ bq. (I…} 1/369, mh} 20/148) htf hfùtA, Hct dj¶vfzfkjfvDv diYsb j¶fvDv bfmfp ðÝ bq. ksh zj¶fvDv bfmfp rsq pfsh. zhwA pdl sjfb j¶fvD Hct dj¶vfzfkjfvDv diYsb zufs§À l]fdVsq bfmfp isV sbq, kfrst kfv bfmfp rsq pfsh. (nfuf} 121ix}) nckvfQ sp njt mndusl n²Àf lsv zj¶fvD ƒmfm vfJf rq, sn njt oafm wrsvv j¶fvDslv (pfvf ƒmfm zsi[f Hfstf jcvzfb iVsk ifsv kfslv) bfmfspv zh²¿f dj rsh kf mnduslv mkWqfïDslvsj sHsh slJf lvjfv.

6. pfsj mcÙÁflDvf ziY¦l jsv } ydvÛok hf dw[fok sjfb jfvsB mcÙÁflDvf ƒmfmsj ziY¦l jvst ƒmfsmv bfmfp zfïfrv lvhfsv jhct bq. nckvfQ susbðsb kfv ƒmfmdk jvf ShL bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªdkb hAdÙÁv bfmfp kfslv jfb zdkÛÁm jsv bf; itfkj�ÛÁDklfn, pk[B bf sn dIsv�ˆsnsY,�ˆmb�²ÃD pfv�öfmD kfv�…iv vfofd¦hk zh²¿fq vfdÛpfib jsvsY, (pk[B bf sn vfuD rsqsY), (zKhf sp�²ÃD kfv�öfmDv zhfLAfyvB jsvsY, sn kfv hfLAf bf rWqf ipG§À) ˆhQ snƒ n©ialfsqv ƒmfm, pfsj stfsj ziY¦l jsv.« (dk}, k¶fhf, rf}, dnn} 288, 650bQ) zhwA hAdÙÁok sjfb jfvsB sj… sj… ƒmfmsj ziY¦l jvst, slfN sbƒ zKy kfsj JfmfJf sj… ziY¦l jvst zKhf shwD nQJAj stfj iY¦l ˆhQ z¬i nQJAj stfj ziY¦l jvst jfsvf sjfb [dk rq bf. zhwA [dk kfv rq, sp ˆjub dbslGfN mfbcNsj JfmfJf ziY¦l jsv. khcW ÎfbD ƒmfsmv …dyk, sp ufmfzfskv zdLjfQw stfj kfsj ziY¦l jsv, sn ufmfzfskv ƒmfmdk kAfo jvf ˆhQ kfv ƒmfmdksj sj¦û jsv ufmfzfskv mfsU dhd¤Yâkf W UoVf-dhhfl nxdó bf jvf.

7. ncâfrkAfoD } sp mfbcN ncâfrv ifh¦l bq; ncâk bfmfp-svfpf ƒkAfdl kAfo jsv, dbÇyq sn mfbcN ivsrpofv W Hfstf stfj bq. ksh sn sp ifiD kf sj… htsk ifsv bf. zkˆh kfv diYsb bfmfp iVsk sjfb slfN sbƒ. klbcv™i sjfb dhkjG Kfjfv Ist hf sjfb ns¦lsrv jfvsB sj… sjfb ncâfr kAfo jvst; spmb hcsjv …iv rfk bf h]fLst, v¢jCv zfso-isv vIXsq qAflfƒb bf jvst hf sufsv zfmDb bf htstW kfv diYsb bfmfp iVsk sjfb slfN sbƒ. (mh} 25/46)

8. siwfh-Uvf svfoD } sp hAdÙÁv nhGlf siwfh Uvfv svfo zfsY sn hAdÙÁv ƒmfmdk ðÝ bq. (Iƒ} 1/397)


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9. shfhf } shfhfv diYsb bfmfp iVst bfmfp ðÝ. dj§Â kfsj ƒmfm jvf pfsh bf. spsrkc sn kjhDv ðbfsk W survD bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk jvsk z[m. (mcm} 4/320)

10. utdlhfu } sp hAdÙÁ EjfEj jfsjv lfbf JfWqfv mk bfmfp isV ˆhQ iÇyfsk mcÙÁflDvf kfv zbcnvB jvsk n[m rq bf, v¢jC W dnulf sKsj …sE diE snfuf jsv bf, kfv bfmfp ˆhQ kfv iÇyfsk mcÙÁflDslvW bfmfp rq bf. (mh} 15/67)

11. shWpC hAdÙÁ } sjfb ƒmfm bfifj hf shWpC zh²¿fq bfmfp iVst ˆhQ nftfm dIvfv iv kf ufbsk ifvst sjht kfv bfmfp hfdkt rsh ˆhQ mcÙÁflDslv bfmfp ðÝ rsq pfsh. sjht ƒmfmƒ ‰ bfmfp icbvfq iVsh, mcÙÁflDvf bq. (zfƒ} 147ix}) susbðsb sjfb shWpCv diYsb bfmfp rsh bf.

12. svdFW-dedHv ƒmfm } sjfb icv¢N zKhf mdrtf, nc²¿ zKhf znc²¿, Wusv zKhf dhbf Wusv svdFW hf dedHv diYsb l]fdVsq n©iayfdvk sjfb mnduslv Ivp zKhf bIt, ucmzfr zKhf zbA sp sjfb bfmfsp kfv ƒmfsmv zbcnvB jvf ShL bq. pdlW kfslv hfnf …ÙÁ mnduslv ifsw srfj zKhf nfmsb, …isv srfj zKhf diYsb. sjfb zh²¿fskƒ mndusl rfduv bf rsq lCv sKsj sjht wè zKhf wè W Ydhv zbcjvB jsv ufmfzfk ifWqf pfq bf. (nfuf} 173ix})

ƒƒƒmmmfffmmm WWW mmmcc cÙÙÙÁÁÁffflllDDDvvv lll]] ] fffVVVfffhhhfffvvv ²²²¿¿ ¿ fffbbb WWW dddbbbqqqmmm mcÙÁflDv nQJAf drnfsh ƒmfm W mcÙÁflDv l]fVfsbfv dbqm-iÝdk dhdHâ vjm. 1. ƒmfsmv nfsK mfÛ ˆjub mcÙÁflD (icv¢N hf dwð) rst …Hsq ˆjƒ nfsK nmfbHfsh l]fVfsh; ƒmfm h]fsq ˆhQ mcÙÁflD rsh Ffsb. ˆ s[sÛ ƒmfm ˆjec zfso ˆhQ mcÙÁflD ˆjec diYsb zfofdiYf rsq l]fVfsh bf. ƒhsb zfêfn -sj mrfbhD � dbsuv hvfhv l]fV jdvsqdYstb. (hc} 697bQ) mxkcAsvfsov nmq dkdb zfhC hfjXv -ˆv hfm ifsw k]fv hvfhv ˆsn hsndYstb. (‰ 198bQ) bfsI' hstb, `ˆjlf zfdm sjfb bfmfsp zfècïfr dhb …mfv -ˆv diYsb l]fVftfm, zfv zfdm YfVf k]fv nfsK zbA sj… dYt bf. dkdb zfmfsj k]fv rfk äfvf k]fv ifwfifdw hvfhv jsv l]fV jvfstb.' (mf} 1/154) zbcv™i hdBGk zfsY rpvk …mfv jkGxjW. ˆ ubAƒ ƒmfm hcJfvD k]fv nrDr oas§¿ …ÙÁ dhNqj idvs¤Yl h]fLfv nmq hstb, `lcub


214

rst (mcÙÁflD) ƒmfsmv ifwfifdw kfv hvfhv Ffb dlsj l]fVfsh.' (hc} 697, dnn} 2590 bQ, 6/175-176) ÎfkhA sp, ˆjj mcÙÁflDv ƒmfsmv Ffsb l]fVfsbf ncâk hf mc²Àfrfh. zKGf{, pdl sj… ƒmfsmv hfsm l]fdVsq bfmfp swN jsv, kfrst ƒmfm-mcÙÁflD jfsvf bfmfspv sjfb [dk rsh bf. (mcm} 4/375, nfuf} 111ix}) 2. mcÙÁflD 2 ub hf kfv shwD (icv¢N) rst ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk jfkfv h]fLsh. ufshv hstb, ˆjlf mrfbhD � mfosvshv bfmfp iVfv ubA l]fVfstb. ˆƒ nmq zfdm ˆsn k]fv hfm dlsj l]fVftfm. dkdb zfmfv rfk Lsv Ocdvsq k]fv Ffb dlsj l]fV jvfstb. ƒdkmsLA ufêfv dhb nfJXv ˆstb. dkdb k]fv hfm dlsj l]fdVsq sostb. dkdb zfmfslv …Hsqv rfk Lsv LfÄf dlsq k]fv iÇyfsk l]fV jdvsq dlstb. (mc}, zflf}, dm} 1107bQ) …sïJA sp, lcƒ ub mcÙÁflD pdl ƒmfsmv Ffsb-hfsm l]fdVsq bfmfp isV kfrst bfmfspv sjfb [dk rsh bf. (mcm} 4/370) bfmfp rsq pfsh, jfvB ƒhsb mfn†l zftj¶fmfr W zfnWqfslv mfsU l]fdVsq ƒmfmdk jsvsYb ˆhQ dkdb bhD �-sj ‰v™i l]fVfsk slsJsYb. (zflf}, ƒo} 538bQ) zhwA mrfbhD �-ˆv nfLfvB ncâfr rt, dkb ub rst ˆjub nfmsb ƒmfm ˆhQ lcƒ usbv diYsb jfkfv h]fLf. i[f§Àsv zfso-disY ufqof bf Kfjst skf ˆj nfdvsk l]fVfsk hfLAƒ rsh. 3. mcÙÁflD ˆjub mdrtf rst (sn dbsuv ²ÃD rstW) ƒmfm (öfmDv) ifwfifdw hvfhv bf l]fdVsq kfv diYsb l]fVfsh. (zflfhcp dpIfI, zfthfbD 96ix} û}) 4. mcÙÁflD lcƒ hf kskfdLj icv¢N rst ˆhQ ˆjub mdrtf rst, ƒmfsmv diYsb icv¢Nvf jfkfv h]fLsh ˆhQ mdrtf nhswsN ˆjf l]fVfsh. ˆjlf rpvk zfbfn -ˆv Osv zfïfrv vnCt � ƒmfmdk jsvb. zfbfn W k]fv Osvv ˆj ˆkDm l]fVfb bhD �-ˆv disY ˆhQ k]fv zf©mf l]fVfb k]fslv disY (ˆjf). (hc}, mc}, dm} 1108-1109bQ) 5. mcÙÁflD ˆjub dwð W ˆjub hf ˆjfdLj icv¢N rst dwðW icv¢Nslv jfkfsv wfdmt rsq l]fVfsh. 6. mcÙÁflD lcƒ hf lcsqv zdLj icv¢N, dwð W mdrtf rst, ƒmfsmv diYsb icv¢Nvf, zk}iv dwðvf ˆhQ nhswsN mdrtfvf jfkfv h]fLsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªicv¢Nslv swaô jfkfv rt iaKm jfkfv ˆhQ dbjxó jfkfv rt nhGswN jfkfv. zfv mdrtfslv swaô jfkfv rt nhGswN jfkfv ˆhQ dbjxó jfkfv rt iaKm jfkfv.« (mc}, zf}, nczf}, dm} 1092bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, dwð sYstslv ixKj jfkfv jvfv sjfb nrDr ltDt sbƒ. kfƒ dwð sYstvfW icv¢Nslv nsÌ jfkfv jvsk ifsv. (kfdm} 284ix}) 7. ƒmfsmv nfmsb jfkfv sh]sL bfmfp rq bf. zhwA dH]sVv nmq ƒmfsmv nfmsb YfVf


215

sjfb dlsj ufqof bf Kfjst dbv¢ifq zh²¿fq bfmfp rsq pfsh. (mcm} 4/372-373) ianÌk} …sïJA sp, ucmzfr W „slv bfmfspv ufmfzfsk pdl ˆk dH]V rq sp dnulfv ubA ufqof bf ifWqf pfq, kfrst nfmsbv mcnïDv disE dnulf jsv bfmfp n©iâ jvsk rsh. ˆ s[sÛ ufqof sbƒ hst zsi[f jsv däkDq ufmfzfk jfsqm jvf pfsh bf. ˆjlf rpvk …mfv dhb JfÙfh Jckhfq hstb, `dH]V shwD rst skfmfslv ˆjub spb zivusbv disE dnulf jsv.' (zf} 1/32, hf} 3/182-183, zfvf} 5465, 5469bQ, kfdm} 341ix}) 8. ƒmfsmv dbjehkGD l]fVfsh ÎfbD stfsjvf. pfsk k]fvf ƒmfsmv sjfb Hct yeX jsv Lsv dlsk ifsvb ˆhQ ƒmfm bfmfp iVfsk iVfsk sjfb jfvsB bfmfp YfVsk hfLA rst k]fslv sj… ufmfzfskv hfjD jfu n©iâ jvsk ifsvb. htf hfùtA, nfLfvB mCJG mfbcNslv ƒmfsmv nvfndv iÇyfsk l]fVfsbf …dyk bq. ÎfbD (zfstm-rfsIp-j¶fvD) mfbcNslv ubA ƒmfsmv ifwG¶hkGD ufqof sYsV vfJf …dyk. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsnƒ stfjslvsj zfmfv dbjehkGD l]fVfsbf …dyk, pfvf ÎfbD W hcdÝmfb stfj. zk}iv kfvf pfvf kfslv sysq jm Îfsbv. zk}iv kfvf pfvf kfslv sKsj jm Îfsbv. zfv skfmvf hfufsvv Iftkc jKf (SrSy) sKsj lCsv Kfj.« (mc}, zf}, zflf}, dk}, dm} 1089bQ) 9. nfmsbv jfkfsv ufqof Kfjsk diYsb ˆjfjD l]fdVsq bfmfp iVst bfmfp rq bf. ˆj hAdÙÁ jfkfsvv diYsb ˆjf l]fdVsq bfmfp iVst mrfbhD � kfsj bfmfp dIdvsq iVsk htstb. (zflf} 682bQ, dk}, ƒmf}) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ jfkfsvv disY ˆjf bfmfp isV, sn spb bfmfp dIdvsq isV.« (ƒdr}) zkˆh pdl sjfb hAdÙÁ ufmfzfsk ˆsn slsJ sp, jfkfv idviCBG, kfrst sn jfkfsv sjfKfW I]fj Kfjst snJfsb iashw jvsh. bsy{ nfmfbA[B jfsvf zsi[f jsv sj… ˆst kfv nsÌ jfkfv h]fLf …dyk. sn zfwf bf Kfjst hf ufmfzfk Ycefv Hq Kfjst (dmrvfh YfVf hfƒsv bfmfp iVfv nmq) pdl ƒmfsmv ifsw ufqof Kfsj ˆhQ snJfsb pfWqf n©Hh rq, kfrst kfv ifsw dosq l]fVfsh ˆhQ ˆ nh …ifq Kfjsk diYsb ˆjf l]fVfsh bf. iv§Â jfkfv h]fLfv ubA nfmsbv jfkfv sKsj jf…sj sesb sbWqf dEj bq. ˆ hAfifsv sp rflDn ˆsnsY kf nrDr W ðÝ bq. (puf} 2261bQ) kfYfVf ˆ jfsu ˆjfdLj [dkW vsqsY. spmb; sp mcnïDsj efbf rsh kfv bfmfspv ˆjfoakf bó rsh, iaKm jfkfsvv IpDtk sKsj hdÑk rsh, jfkfsvv mfsU I]fj rsq pfsh, snƒ I]fj há jvfv ubA ifswv mcnïD nsv zfnsk hfLA rsh, Ist kfv ufqof I]fj rsh ˆhQ swN ipG§À iaKm hf nfmsbv jfkfsvv Ffb zKhf hfm dljjfv njt mcnïDsj bVsk-nvsk rsh. zfv ˆsk kfslv njstv ˆjfoakf bó rsh. zhwA rflDn nrDr rst ˆk [dk öDjfv


216

jvsk hfLf dYt bf. klbcv™i ƒmfsmv ifsw spskW pdl zbcv™i [dkv dwjfv rsk rq, kfrst kfW jvf pfsh bf. dEj kû™iƒ ufqof bf KfjstW jfkfsvv mcnïDslvsj ˆj ˆj jsv sEst zKhf nsv spsk ƒdÌk jsv ufqof jsv sbWqfskW ‰ mcnïDslv bfmfspv ˆjfoakfq hV hAfOfk nxdó rq. nckvfQ ˆ jfuW ShL bq. htf hfùtA, ˆ hAfifsv ndEj Ifqnftf ˆƒ sp, nfmsb jfkfsv ufqof bf sist diYsb ˆjf l]fdVsqƒ bfmfp rsq pfsh. jfvB, sn dbv¢ifq. zfv mrfb zfïfr jf…sj kfv nfsLAv hfƒsv Hfv slb bf. (dthfmf} 227ix}) iajfw Kfsj sp, mdrtf ufmfzfskv mdrtf jfkfsv ufqof Kfjsk sp mdrtf diYsb ˆjf l]fdVsq bfmfp iVsh kfvW bfmfp icv¢sNv mkƒ rsh bf. (mcm} 4/387) i[f§Àsv icv¢Nslv diYsb ˆjf l]fdVsq mdrtfv bfmfp rsq pfsh. 10. ƒmfm mcÙÁflD sKsj …]yc ufqofq l]fVfsk ifsv bf. jfvB, mrfbhD � jkGxj ˆv™i l]fVfsbfv hAfifsv dbsNLfÎf ˆsnsY. (nzflf} 610-611, rf}, dm} 1692, nuf} 6842bQ) ˆjlf ùpfƒIf mflfsqsb ˆjde …]yc ufqofq l]fdVsq stfsjslv ƒmfmdk jvsk tfostb. kf slsJ zfhC mfn†l k]fv ufmf Lsv sesb k]fsj dbsy bfdmsq dlstb. bfmfspv nftfm sIvfv iv dkdb ùpfƒIfsj htstb, `zfidb dj ufsbb bf sp, ˆv™i l]fVfsbf dbdNÝ?' dkdb htstb, `uD r]Af, pJbƒ zfidb zfmfsj efb dlstb, kJbƒ zfmfv msb isV sot.' (zflf} 597bQ, ƒdr}) zhwA dw[f slWqfv ubA …]yc ufqofq l]fdVsq bfmfp iVfsbf pfq. spmb bhD mchfwXdwv � dmìsvv …iv JfVf rsq bfmfp isV nfrfhfslvsj dw[f dlsqdYstb. (hc} 377bQ, mc}) zfv ˆƒ rflDnsj dHdÙ jsvƒ …tfmfoB hstb, dmìsvv ˆj dndV idvmfB (iafq ˆj rfk) mk …]yc ufqofq l]fdVsq ƒmfmdk jvst slfNfhr bq. (mfvfnf} 100ix}, mcm} 4/424-426) i[f§Àsv mcÙÁflD ƒmfm sKsj …]yc ufqofq l]fVfsk ifsv. rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf dbsyv ƒmfsmv ƒsÙÁlf jsv mnduslv Yfslv …iv ufmfzfsk bfmfp isVsYb. (wfsIqD, hf}, hc} kf'tDj) 11. iaKm jfkfsv l]fdVsq bfmfp iVfv ixKj mfrfk¹A zfsY. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªstfsjvf pdl zfpfb W iaKm jfkfsv dbdrk mfrfk¹A ufbk, kfrst kf zuGb jvfv ubA tefdv jvf YfVf zfv zbA sjfb …ifq bf sist kfvf tefdvƒ jvk.« (hc}615bQ, mc}437bQ) dkdb hstsYb, ªzhwAƒ zfïfr iaKm jfkfv W nfmsbv jfkfvnmCsrv iadk vrmk hNGB jsvb ˆhQ dIdvñfoB kfslv ubA lczf jsv Kfsjb.« (zf}, nkf}489bQ) ˆjlf dkdb nfrfhfslvsj iÇyflXil rsk slsJ htstb, ªskfmvf zoanv rW ˆhQ


217

zfmfv zbcnvB jv. zfv skfmfslv diYsbv stfj skfmfslv zbcnvB jv¢j. ˆj swaBDv stfj diYsb Kfjsk yfƒsh, Ist zfïfr kfslvsj (dbu vrmk sKsj) diYsb sIst slshb.« (mc}, dm} 1090bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsjfb n©ialfq iaKm jfkfv sKsj diYsb nsv zfnsk Kfjst zhswsN zfïfr kfslvsj ufrfâfsm iÇyfäkDG jsv slshb.« (zKGf{, ufrfâfsm zfesj svsJ nhfv swsN ufâfk spsk slshb, zfv sn iaKm dlsj ufâfk spsk ifvsh bf.) (zf…bct mf'hCl 2/264bQ, zfhC lf…l, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, ƒhsb drêfb, nrDr kfvoDh 507bQ) 12. iaKm jfkfsv Ffb dlsjv ufqof zsi[fjxk …Ùm. nfrfhD hfvf' dhb zfsph hstb, `zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv Ffb dlsj l]fVfhfv syóf jvkfm. pfsk dkdb zfmfslv dlsj mcJ jsv dIsv hsnb.' (mc} 709, zflf} 615bQ) 13. ƒmfsmv Ffsb-hfsm stfj spb nmfb-nmfb rq. zkˆh jfkfv h]fLfv nmq kf sJqft vfJf ncâk. spsrkc 2 ub mcÙÁflD rst ˆhQ zfso-disY ufqof bf Kfjst ˆjub ƒmfsmv Ffsb W zivub hfsm l]fVfsk rq. kfYfVf ƒmfsmv jfYfjfdY l]fVfsbfvW IpDtk zfsY. nckvfQ nfLfvBHfsh ƒmfsmv Ffb dlsj l]fVfsbf …Ùm bq. spmb ƒmfsmv hfm dlsj stfj jm Kfjst Ffb dlsj l]fVfsbf sKsj hfm dlsj l]fVfsbf …Ùm. jfvB kJb hfm dljef ƒmfsmv zdLj jfYfjfdY. i[f§Àsv Ffsb-hfsm pdl stfj nmfb nmfb Kfsj, kfrst hfsmv sKsj Ffb dlj zhwAƒ …Ùm. (mcm} 3/19) 14. (dhvt mfnzftfq) pdl sjfb ²¿fb-jfst sjfb ufmfzfskv slsr nkv Tfjfv mk sthfn bf Kfsj kfrst ƒmfm nfmsb bf l]fdVsq jfkfsvv mfsU l]fVfsh. zhwA Ob zájfv zKhf mcÙÁflDvf zá rst dhh²Ã ƒmfm nfmsb l]fVfsh. (mcm} 4/389)

ƒƒƒmmmfffsssmmmvvv jjjkkkGG GhhhAAA

1. ƒmfmdkv dbqk } nfLfvBHfsh ƒmfmdkv dbqk (nQj¬i) uv¢vD. (mh} 15/70) zhwA ˆjfjD bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq sj… ufmfzfskv dbqsk kfv nfsK wfdmt rst ufmfzfk rsq pfsh. ˆ s[sÛ bfmfp iVsk iVsk ƒmfmdkv nQj¬i jsv sbWqf psKó rsh. bfmfp ðv¢ jvfv zfso sKsj ƒmfmdkv dbqk uv¢vD bq. (‰ 17/59) rpvk zfècïfr dhb zfêfn hstb, ˆj vfsÛ zfdm zfmfv Jftf mfqmCbfv Osv wcsq dYtfm. bhD � vfsÛ …sE pJb bfmfp iVsk tfostb, kJb zfdmW k]fv nfsK wfdmt rsq sotfm. (hc}, mc}, zf}, nczf) ˆjlf mrfbhD � ˆj hAdÙÁsj ˆjfjD bfmfp iVf slsJ htstb, ªsj zfsY sp ˆv ubA nfljfr jvsh? (ˆv nWqfh hLGb jvsh?)« ˆ jKf ðsb ˆj hAdÙÁ …sE kfv nfsK bfmfp iVt. (zflf}, dk})


218

2. jfkfv snfuf jvsk htf } bhD mchfwXdwv � bfmfsp ƒmfmdkv ufqofq l]fdVsq mcÙÁflDslv dlsj mcJ jsv kfslvsj dhdHâ dbslGw dlskb. (hc} 719bQ) spmb, ªskfmvf snfuf rsq l]fVfW.« ªjfkfv snfuf jv.« ªjfkfv iCBG jv.« ªOb rsq l]fVfW.« ªnfmsb ˆn.« ªOfV W j]fLnmCrsj nmipGfsq snfuf jv.« ªiaKm jfkfvsj zfso iCBG jv, kfviv kfv isvv jfkfvsj. ziCBG Kfjst spb swsNv jfkfv Kfsj.« ªjfkfsvv I]fj há jv.« ªhfufsvv mk Sr-Sy jvf sKsj lCsv Kfj.« ƒkAfdl. jfkfsv sj… zfso-disY nsv Kfjst kfsj hvfhv rsk htf ˆmb dj dbsu jfsY dosq jfkfv snfuf jvf ƒmfsmv jkGhA. zfv pk[B ipG§À bf jfkfv iCBGv™si snfuf rsqsY kk[B ipG§À bfmfp ðv¢ jvf …dyk bq. (mcm} 3/16) hvQ jfkfv snfuf W dEj rWqfv zfso ƒmfsmv bfmfp ðv¢ jvf dhlzfk. (zfbf} 74ix}) bc'mfb dhb hfwDv hstb, `zfmvf bfmfsp l]fVfst zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfslv jfkfv snfuf jvskb. zk}iv zfmvf snfuf rsq l]fdVsq sost kshƒ kjhDv dlskb.' (hc} 717, mc} 436, zflf} 665bQ)

3. mcÙÁflDslv sJqft jsv bfmfp rfîf jsv iVf } ufmfzfsk dhdHâ Lvsbv stfj bfmfp isV Kfsj. ƒmfsmv …dyk, dbsuv ƒ¤Yfmk bfmfp bf iVf; hvQ kfslv sJqft svsJ dj¶vfzfk ƒkAfdl tìf jvf. zhwA jfsvf ƒ¤Yf zbcnfsv bfmfp ˆmb rfîf jvf …dyk bq, pfsk bfmfspv dhbq, LDvkf-d²¿vkf, idviCBGv™si v¢jXb-Wqfsuh-ncâk zfdl zflfq hAfrk rq. htf hfùtA, pfsk …Hq dlj hufq Kfsj kfv sJqft zhwAƒ vfJsk rsh. zfbfn hstb, `zfdm bhD � zsi[f sjfb ƒmfsmv diYsb zdLj nQs[i zKy zdLj idviCBG bfmfp idV db. ˆmb dj dkdb pJb sjfb dwðv jfâf ðbskb kJb kfv mfsqv …däo´ rWqfv zfwQjfq bfmfp nQs[i jvskb.' (hc} 708bQ, mc}) mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfdm zsbj nmq bfmfp ðv¢ jsv kf tìf jvsk ƒ¤Yf jdv. dj§Â pJb zfdm sjfb dwðv jfâf ðdb, kJb zfmfv bfmfpsj nQs[i jdv. jfvB, kfv jfâfq kfv mfsqv msbv …säo sp shsV pfsh kf zfdm ufdb.« (hc} 709bQ) dkdb hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv sj… stfsjslv bfmfp iVfq, kJb sn spb rfîf jsv isV. sjbbf, kfslv msLA svfoD, lchGt W hxÝ stfj Kfsj. zhwA pJb skfmfslv sj… ˆjf bfmfp isV, kJb sn pk ƒ¤Yf tìf jvsk ifsv.« (hc} 703bQ, mc}) ˆj hAdÙÁ htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfïfrv jnm! zfdm Iusvv bfmfsp zmcsjv jfvsB rfduv rƒ bf; sn zfmfslv bfmfp Jch tìf jsv iVfq.' zfhC mfn†l hstb, `ˆv iv sndlb zfïfrv vnCt �-sj Wqfsp spv™i vfofd¦hk rsk slsJdY snv™i zfv zbA sjfb dlb sldJ db. dkdb htstb, ªskfmfslv sj… sj… stfjslvsj (ufmfzfskv


219

iadk) hDkwaÝ jsv skfst. skfmfslv sp sj… sjfb bfmfspv ƒmfmdk jsv sn spb bfmfp nQs[i jsv isV. sjbbf, kfslv msLA lchGt, hxÝ W (dhdHâ) iasqfub-Wqftf stfj zfsY.« (hc} 702bQ, mc}) mrfbhD � hstb, ªufmfzfskv nhsysq lchGt hAdÙÁv sJqft jsv bfmfp iVfW. zfv ˆmb mczfpXdpb svsJf bf, sp zfpfsbv ifdvwadmj yfq.« (k¶fh}, nuf} 3773bQ) dkdb mczfp sj ˆwfv ƒmfmdksk tìf dj¶vfzfk iVsk dbsNL jsv hstdYstb, ªkcdm dj stfjslvsj dIkbfq sItsk yfW sr mczfp? kcdm pJb ƒmfmdk jvsh kJb `zwXwfmdn zp¶crf-rf, nfdêdrnmf vfdêjft zf'tf, ƒj¶vf dhndm vfdêjf, zïfƒdt ƒpf qAfowf' ifE jv. jfvB skfmfv iÇyfsk hxÝ,�lchGt W iasqfusb�…lXoaDh mfbcN bfmfp isV Kfsj. (hc} 705, mc}, bf, dm} 833 bQ) zfhC zfècïfr mcrf©mfl dhb k¶fvJfb hstb, ˆjlf zfmvf wfqJ ƒmfslv iÇyfsk bfmfp iVdYtfm. zfmfv ifsw ˆj hAdÙÁ bfmfp iVdYt, -zfmfv msb rq- kfv sjfb hA²Àkf dYt. pJb bfmfp sKsj Ifsvo rtfm, kJb sn jnm jsv htt, zfv jJsbf k]fv diYsb bfmfp iVsh bf. zfv snƒ nsÌ mczfspv ‰ rflDn …sïJ jvt. zfdm kfsj httfm, kcdm sjht ˆƒ rflDndeƒ ufb? zk}iv zfdm kfv jfsY bhD �-ˆv bfmfp tìf jvfv hAfifsv hdBGk rflDnÈdt …sïJ jvtfm. ˆviv zfdm wfqJ ƒmfslv ifsw hntfm ˆhQ Oebf Jcst httfm. zfdm k]fsj httfm, `zfdm zfibfsj Hfstfhfdn ˆhQ ˆƒ jfmbf jdv sp, zfibfv dhv¢sÝ spb sjfb iajfv nmfstfybf bf rq. nckvfQ pdl zfidb bfmfpsj ˆjec rfîf jsv iVskb. dkdb zfmfv ˆ jKf ðsb htstb, `n©Hhk} zdk dbjse Wvf zfmfv W zfmfv bfmfp sKsj db°jxdk ifsh. ƒqf nchrfbfïfr! Wslv sj… sj… (lcdbqfv) vfuf-hflwfv nfmsb nfvf dlb l]fdVsq Kfjst sjfb iajfsvv dhvdÙÁ iajfw jsv bf; zKy Wvf Wslv (äDb-lcdbqfv hflwf) iaHcv nfmsb nfmfbA nmq l]fVfsk dhvdÙÁshfL jsv?! (mck¶fnf} 188ix})

4. däkDq vfjzfskv kctbfq iaKm vfjzfk lDOG jvf } iaKm vfjzfksj ˆjec tìf jsv iVf …Ùm. pfsk disY sKsj pfWqf mcnïDvf iaKm vfjzfskƒ ˆsn wfdmt rsk ifsv. zfhC jfkflfr jkGxj hdBGk, mrfbhD � spfrsvv bfmfsp däkDq vfjzfskv kctbfq iaKm vfjzfk tìf jsv iVskb. zbcv™i zfnv W Iusvv bfmfspW. (hc}, mc}, zflf} 800 bQ) zfhC lf†slv hBGbfq zfsvf htf rsqsY sp, zfmvf msb jvkfm, dkdb kf ˆƒ ubA jvsYb; pfsk stfsjvf iaKm vfjzfsk wfdmt rsk ifsv. zfhC nf„l JclvD hstb, bfmfspv ƒjfmk rsq spk, zfv zfmfslv sj… sj… hfjD dosq dbsuv iasqfub (ianafh-ifqJfbf) snsv WpC jsv iaKm vfjzfsk wfdmt rsk ifvk. jfvB, bhD � ‰ vfjzfksj tìf jsv iVskb. (zf}, mc}, bf}, ƒmf})


220

klbcv™i ƒmfm v¢jCsk Kfjf jfst sj… mndusl iashw jvst kfsj v¢jC ifƒsq slWqfv ubA v¢jC ˆjec tìf jvf ShL. (Iƒ} 1/352) i[f§Àsv shwD tìf jsv ufmfzfskv mcnïDslvsj jó slWqf …dyk bq. zdHÎ ƒmfm k]fv mcÙÁflDslv zHAfn W zfyvsBv mfLAsm kfslv dhvdÙÁ W n§Âdóv jKf zhwAƒ hcUsk ifvshb.

5. lczfq dbsusj Jfn bf jvf } lczfv nmq ˆj hyb wè hAhrfv jsv dbsuv ubA lczfsj Jfn jvf ƒmfsmv ubA ShL bq hst sp rflDn mrfbhD � sKsj hBGbf jvf rq, kf nrDr bq. (û} kfmfmcr dmâfr 278-280ix}) zfv ˆ jKf dhdlk sp, mrfbhD � dbsu ƒmfm rsqW zsbj nmq ˆjhyb wè hAhrfv jsv bfmfp isVsYb. …lfrvBöv™i `hf-ƒl hfƒbD'v rflDn. khcW nfLfvB lczfv nmq ˆj hysbv ²¿st hùhyb wè hAhrfv jvf slfNfhr bq. ƒmfm hohD (v}) hstb, ƒmfm rst (lczfq) ˆj hysbv ²¿st hù hyb wè hAhrfv jvsh. `zfïfù©mfrdlbf---- zzf-dIbf --- htsh ˆhQ lczfsj dbsuv ubA Jfn jvsh bf. (wfvùn ncâfr 3/129) zbcv™i hstb ƒhsb hfp vfdrmfùïfr. (n¶ftfkck kfvfhDr 41ix}, mcmck¶fnf} 170-171ix})

6. nftfm dIsv mcÙÁflDslv dlsj dIsv hnf } bfmfsp nftfm dIvfv iv Ffb zKhf hfm dlsj Ocsv mcÙÁflDslv iadk mcJ jsv hnf ƒmfsmv ubA mc²Àfrfh. (hc}, zflf} 1041, dk}, dm} 944bQ) ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, ªzfdm zfïfrv vnCt �-sj hùhfv hfm dlj rsk Ocvsk slsJdY. (hcJfvD 852bQW mcndtm 707bQ, dm} 946bQ) zfbfn hstb, `zfdm zfïfrv vnCt �-sj zdLjfQw Ffb dlj rsk Ocsv hnsk slsJdY. (mcndtm708bQ)

7. dpjXv-zfpjfsvv iv ufqof hlst ncâk zfdl iVf } mrfbhD � hstb, ªƒmfm sp ufqofq (Ivp) bfmfp isV sn ufqofskƒ sn spb (ncâk) bfmfp bf isV. hvQ sn spb zbA ufqofq nsv pfq.« (zflf} 616bQ, ƒmf}) ðLc ƒmfmƒ bq; hvQ mcÙÁflDv ubAW ufqof hlst ncâk iVf mc²Àfrfh. bhD mchfwXdwv � hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… dj (ncâk iVfv ubA) kfv nfmsb, diYsb, Ffƒsb hf hfsm nsv spsk z[m rsh?« (zflf} 1006, ƒmf}, nuf} 2662bQ) nfsqh dhb qAfpDl hstb, ˆjlf zfdm mczfdhqf -ˆv nfsK (mnduslv) zfmDv-js[ ucmzfv bfmfp iVtfm. dkdb nftfm dIvst zfdm …sE snƒ ufqofskƒ ncâk isV dbtfm. zk}iv dkdb (hfnfq) iashw jvst ˆjusbv mfvI{ zfmfsj sFsj ifdEsq htstb, `kcdm pf jvst kf zfv däkDqhfv jsvf bf. ucmzfv bfmfp nmfå jvst jKf htf zKhf shv rsq bf pfWqf ipG§À kfv nfsK zfv zbA sjfb bfmfp dmdtsq isVf bf.


221

jfvB, zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfslvsj zfslw jsvsYb sp, (mfsU) jKf bf hst hf shv rsq bf dosq sjfb bfmfpsj spb zbA bfmfspv nfsK dmdtsq bf idV.' (mc} 883, zflf} 1129bQ, zf}4/95, 99) …sÜwA rt, bfmfspv ufqof shwD jvst, djqfmsk ‰ njt ufqof zfïfrv zfbcoskAv nf[A slsh. (dm} 953 rflDsnv eDjf û}) zhwA ˆ nmq sJqft vfJf …dyk, pfsk …ÙÁ mc²Àfrfh iftb jvsk dosq sjfb bfmfpDv dnulfv ufqofv dHkv shsq ifv rsq sofbfr bf rsq hsn.

mmmcc cÙÙÙÁÁÁffflllDDDvvv jjjkkkGG GhhhAAA

1. ƒmfsmv zsi[f jvf } ƒmfm Kfjsk k]fv ufqofq k]fv dhbf zbcmdksk zsbAv ƒmfmdk jvf zShL, zfv kf hV shisvfqf stfsjv jfu. ˆ nh stfsjslv ƒmfsmv ˆjec slvD nq bf. nfmfbA slvD rstƒ zfv k]fv zsi[f bf jsv ufmfzfk JfVf jsv slq. ˆ Lvsbv SLpGrfvf mfbcNvf dj§Â zfïfr W k]fv vnCstv bfIvmfb. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf zfmfsj bf slJf ipG§À (bfmfspv ubA …sE) l]fVfW bf.« (hc} 637, mc} 604bQ) dkdb hstb, ªsjfb hAdÙÁ spb ziv hAdÙÁv ufqofq kfv dhbf zbcmdksk ƒmfmdk bf jsv ˆhQ bf sj… jfsvf Osv kfv hnfv ufqofq kfv dhbf zbcmdksk hsn.« (zf}, mc} 673bQ) zhwA zöfHfdhj shwD slvD rst mcÙÁflDslv zdLjfv zfsY ufmfzfk jvfv. dj§Â ƒmfm …id²¿k rWqfv pKfnmq ifv rWqfv iv mcÙÁflDslv sjfb ˆj …ipcÙÁ hAdÙÁ ƒmfmdk ðv¢ jvst ƒdkmsLA pdl dbpcÙÁ ƒmfm ˆsn isVb, kfrst ƒmfm zoanv rsq dbu ƒmfmdk jvsk ifsvb. zfv sn s[sÛ ‰ mcÙÁflD ƒmfm disY rse pfshb. (mh} 15/83) spmb lc-lchfv rpvk zfhC hfjXv bfmfp iVfsk ðv¢ jvst ƒdkmsLA mrfbhD � ˆsn …id²¿k rb ˆhQ zfhC hfjXv disY rse pfb W dkdb ƒmfmdk jsvb. (hc} 684, 712, mc}) zhwA ƒmfm yfƒst mcÙÁflD rsqW bfmfp n©iâ jvsk ifsvb. spmb ˆjlf ˆj nIsv mrfbhD � dbu iasqfusb lCsv sost zfnsk slvD rt. rpvk zfècv vrmfb dhb zfWI ƒmfmdk jvsk ðv¢ jvstb. ƒdkmsLA dkdb ˆsn …id²¿k rst zfècv vrmfb disY resk yfƒstb. dj§Â dkdb k]fsj ƒdÌsk htstb sp, kcdm ƒmfmdk jvsk Kfj. zk}iv dkdb sndlb mcÙÁflD rsq bfmfp iVstb. (mc} 274, ƒmf} 1236bQ)


222

2. ƒdÙÁlfv dbqk } ƒmfsmv diYsb bfmfp iVfv nmq msb msb ƒdÙÁlfv dbqk (nQj¬i) jvf uv¢vD. spsrkc mcÙÁflD zh²¿fq ƒmfsmv zbcnvB Wqfsuh, ƒmfsmv diYsb mcÙÁflD Hct jvst nù dnulf jvsk rq bf ˆhQ zsbj nmq ƒmfsmv bfmfp hfdkt rst mcÙÁflDvW hfdkt; kfƒ ˆƒ dbqk uv¢vD. nckvfQ dbqk bf rst mcÙÁflDv bfmfp ufmfzfkD bfmfp rsh bf. (zfƒ} 206ix}) ÎfkhA sp, `ƒÙÁflfƒkc dhrfpft ƒmfm' hst mcsJ …¤yfdvkhA dbqk dhlzfk.

3. pKfnmsq ufmfzfsk l]fVfsbf } ƒjfmk rsq sost ˆhQ ƒmfm l]fdVsq sost mcÙÁflDv hsn Kfjf zKhf sktfzk hf mcbfufsk mwÈt Kfjf zKhf zbA sjfb jfsu hA²À Kfjf …dyk bq. hvQ nk¶v …sE ƒmfsmv nfsK kfjhDsv-kfrvDmf dlsq bfmfp ðv¢ jvfv ia²Âdk sbWqf …dyk. spmb kfjhDsv-kfrvDmf ƒmfsmv nfsK bf ifWqf ˆj hV hÑbfv jfvB. zkˆh ƒmfm kjhDv dlsq sItst sjfb jKfhfkGfq zKhf mboVf dbqk zfWVfsbfsk zKhf dmnWqfsjv ncâk iftsb hA²À rsq kjhDv dlsk slvD jvf smfseƒ …dyk bq. ƒmfsmv nfsK kfjhDsv-kfrvDmfv ˆjde ixKj mpGflf vsqsY wvDqsk. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfïfrv n§ÂdótfsHv …sÜswA 40 dlb ufmfzfsk bfmfp zflfq jvsh ˆhQ kfsk kfrvDmfv kjhDvW ifsh, snƒ hAdÙÁv ubA lcde mcdÙÁ dtJf rq; slfpJ sKsj mcdÙÁ ˆhQ mcbfsIjD sKsj mcdÙÁ.« (dk}, nkf} 404bQ) mcufdrl hstb, ˆj hlvD nfrfhD ˆjlf k]fv sYstsj htstb, `kcdm zfmfslv nfsK ufmfzfk sisqY?' sYst htt, `r]Af.' dkdb htstb, `iaKm kfjhDv sisqY?' sYst htt, `bf.' dkdb htstb, `pf skfmfv Ycse sosY kf ˆj wk jfstf y[cdhdwó (…{jxó) …ebD zsi[f swaôkv!' (zfvf} 2021bQ) zbcv™iHfsh ufmfzfk ðv¢ rsq sost ncâk bfmfsp mwÈt KfjfW ShL bq. ShL bq sjfb ncâk ðv¢ jvf. Iusvv ncâk rstW ufmfzfskv ƒjfmk swfbfv iv kf zfv iVf yst bf. mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb bfmfp JfVf rq, kJb Ivp (hf snƒ) bfmfp YfVf zbA sjfb bfmfp sbƒ.« (hc} dhbf nbsl, Ihf} 2/174, mc} 710 bQ, zf} 2/352, iamcJ) zKGf{, ufmfzfk JfVf rst Ivp hf (‰ bfmfp kfsj iVsk rst) ‰ bfmfsp wfdmt rWqf YfVf ixKj jsv sjfb bIt hf ncâk bfmfp iVf ShL bq. zKGf{ ƒjfmskv iv zfv sjfb ncâk hf bIt bfmfp wcÝ�rsh bf.. (wvùb bWhD 5/221, Ihf} 2/175, zfmf} 4/101) ˆj hAdÙÁ mndusl ˆt. kJb zfïfrv vnCt � Iusvv bfmfsp dYstb. sn 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV ufmfzfsk wfdmt rt. bfmfp swsN zfïfrv vnCt � kfsj htstb, ªsr zmcj! skfmfv bfmfp sjfbXef? spef zfmfslv nfsK iVst snef, bfdj spef kcdm ˆjf iVst snef? (bf} 868bQ) ˆjlf ˆj hAdÙÁ mczfpdpsbv ƒjfmk htfv nmq bfmfp iVdYt. kf slsJ dkdb


223

htstb, ªˆjƒ nfsK dj lcde bfmfp!« (dnn} 6/171, 2588bQ) ˆjlf Iusvv bfmfspv ƒjfmk rWqfv nmq mrfbhD � slJstb, ˆj hAdÙÁ bfmfp iVsY. dkdb kfsj htstb, ªkcdm dj Iusvv bfmfp 4 vfjzfk iVsh?« (mc} 711, dnn} 6/172) ˆjlf dkdb Iusvv bfmfp iVdYstb. ˆmb nmq ˆj hAdÙÁ mndusl iashw jsv ˆj iafs§À 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV k]fv nfsK ufmfzfsk wfdmt rt. nftfm dIvfv iv dkdb kfsj htstb, ªWsr zmcj! kcdm sjfbX bfmfpsj (Ivp hst) oBA jvst? skfmfv ˆjfjD iVf bfmfpsj, bfdj zfmfslv nfsK iVf bfmfpsj?« (mc} 712bQ) zhwA jfsvf ncâk iVf jfst pdl ƒjfmk rsq pfq, kfrst sn däkDq vfjzfsk Kfjst hfjDef rfîf jsv isV iCBG jsv sbsh. i[f§Àsv iaKm vfjzfsk Kfjst bfmfp sYsV ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq pfsh. (dthfmf} 24/14, I…} 1/345) iajfw sp, bfmfp YfVfv nmq nftfm dIvf dhsLq bq. hvQ dbqk hfdkt jvstƒ bfmfp sKsj shv rWqf pfq. (mfkfrfzf} 22ix})

4. pKf dbqsm jfkfv h]fLf } mrfb zfïfrv kf'pDm iajfswv …sÜswA jfkfv h]fLfv sp dbqm zfsY snƒ zbcpfqD jfkfv h]fLf mcÙÁflDv jkGhA. zfv kf pKfÛÁsm dbmv™i }-

� jfkfv snfuf jvf } jfkfv snfuf jvf Wqfsuh. jfkfv snfuf rsh l]fdVsq Kfjf zh²¿fq ˆj zisvv j]fL W ifsqv o]fe hvfhv snfuf svsJ; pfsk ˆjusbv j]fL zfso ˆhQ ziv usbv disY bf rsq pfq. ˆ s[sÛ ifsqv jdbôf zfÌcst zfÌct dmdtsq jfkfv snfuf rsh bf. jfvB, if sYfe-hV Kfjfv Ist jfkfv h]fjf sKsj pfsh. zfv hnf zh²¿fq hfùmCt hf j]fsLv nfsK hfùmCt hf j]fL hvfhv Kfjst jfkfv snfuf hst Lvf pfsh. spmb mndusl jfkfsvv lfo Kfjst lfsov mfKfq hcsVf zfÌct svsJ jfkfv snfuf rq bf. jfvB, ˆsk pfv if tìf sn jfkfv sKsj diYsbv dlsj ˆhQ pfv if sYfe sn jfkfsvv nfmsbv dlsj shv rsq Kfjsh. nckvfQ ifsqv sofVfdtsj lfsov mfKfq vfJst kshƒ jfkfv hfÒbDq snfuf rsh. jfkfv snfuf jvfv hAfifsv mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf jfkfv snfuf jv. jfvB, jfkfv snfuf jvf bfmfp iadkôf hf idviCBG jvfv z§ÀoGk jmG.« (hc} 723, mc} 433, zflf} 668bQ) zfhC mfn†l hstb, bfmfspv (jfkfv h]fLfv) nmq bhD � zfmfslv hfùmCt ±iwG jvskb W htskb, ªsnfuf rsq l]fVfW ˆhQ dhdHâv™si l]fVfW bf; kfsk skfmfslv z§ÀvnmCr dhdHâmcJD rsq pfsh.« (mc}, dm} 1088bQ)

� jfkfv dmdtsq Ob rsq usm l]fVfsbf ˆhQ mfsUv I]fj há jvf } jfkfsv l]fVfsbfv nmq Ob rsq l]fVfsbf uv¢vD; pfsk mfsU sjfb I]fj bf Kfsj.


224

ifw¶GhkDG bfmfpDv ifsqv ifkfv nfsK ifsqv ifkf (ifsqv hfƒsvv dljef snfuf sjhtfmcJD jsv jdbôf zfÌct sKsj sofVfdt ipG§À zQw) W hfùv nfsK hfù tfdosq usm l]fVfsk rsh bfmfpDsj. zfïfrv ˆ lvhfsv zfmDv-ovDh, sYfe-hV W iaHc-lfsnv sjfb sHlfsHl sbƒ, sjfb shzflhD sbƒ. nfrfhfoB jfkfsv iv±iv ˆƒHfshƒ l]fVfskb. kfrst dj k]fvf shzflh dYstb? zfïfrv jnm! bf. ‰ slsJb bf, ˆjub YfÛ pdl kfv dw[sjv ofsq of tfdosq hsn, kfrst dw[j W nm²À stfj kfsj shzflh htshƒ. dj§Â snƒ YfÛƒ pdl hfn hf seºsbv nDse ‰v™i hsn, kfrst kJb zfv sj… kfsj shzflh hst bf. htf hfùtA bfmfspv nfdvsk ifwfifdw ˆƒ siasmv nCsÛ hV-sYfev sjfb iasHl sbƒ. zfnst msbv nfsK msbv dmt Kfjst ifsqv nfsK if dmst pfWqf lCsvv jKf bq. zfv msbv mfsU lCvk¶ Kfjst, msbv mfsU ŠÝk¶, zrQjfv W OxBf-dhsäN Kfjst zKhf Hct hcUfhcdUv Ist zdHmfb W s[fH Kfjst zhwAƒ slsrv lCvk¶ shsV pfsh. shsV pfsh zfsvf msbv lCvk¶. lCv rsh n©iaDdkv h]fLb. wqkfb snƒ Hct hcUfhcdUv ncspfso ufmfzfskv mfsU dhd¤Yâkf zfbsk hV jxkjfpG rsh. iv§Â pdl zfidb msb jsvb sp, ifswv mcnïD sKsj zfidb hV ˆhQ sn zfibfv ifsq if tfofst zfibfv n©mfsb hfLsh, kfrst zfidb zfibfv if kfv ifsq tfdosq dlb. zfv ˆ s[sÛ zfwf jdv zfibfv msbv ‰ zfk¹mpGflf [câ rsh bf. ifsq if tfdosq l]fVfsbfv zfmt mrfbhD �-ˆv pfmfbfq iaydtk dYt. dkdb nfrfhfslv sn zfmt slsJW shzflhD msb jsv hfLf slbdb. dkdb bfmfspv msLA spmb nfmsb slJskb skmdb diYsb. Ob rsq l]fVfsbfv hAfJAfsk nfrfhfosBv ˆƒ zfmt zhwAƒ dkdb iakA[ jsvsYb ˆhQ kfsk smZb-n©mdk iajfw jsvsYb. htf hfùtA, ˆ jfu sp ncâk kfsk sjfb ns¦lr Kfjsk ifsv bf. dj§Â hV lc}sJv dhNq sp, kfsh„bslv pfmfbf sKsjƒ ˆ zfmt zsbsjv jfsY huGbDq rsq yst zfnsY. rpvk zfbfn hstb, `zfusj pdl jfsvfv nfsK ‰ jfu jdv, kfrst sn snvjw (lcv§À) J¤ysvv mk ysj pfsh.' (Ihf} 2/247) nckvfQ zfïfr kfv iadk vrm jsvb sp ˆƒ mxk ncâksj uDdhk jsv. (mfvf} 225ix}) mrfbhD � bfmfspv jfkfv kDsvv mk snfuf jvskb. zk}iv nfrfhfoB pJb sn jfu nmAjX hcsU …Esk sisvsYb ˆ jKf hcUsk ifvskb, kJb dkdb kfjhDsv kfrvDmf dlskb. ˆjdlb kfjhDsv dlsk …lAk rsk dosq dkdb slJstb, ˆjef stfsjv hcj jfkfsvv nfmsbv dlsj shv rsq zfsY. kf slsJ dkdb htstb, ªzfïfrv hf¦lfoB! rq skfmvf dEjmk jfkfv snfuf jv, bsy{ zfïfr skfmfslv syrfvfnmCsrv mfsU dhdHâkf nxdó jsv slshb.« (hc} 717, mc} 436, zflf} 663, dm} 1085bQ) rpvk zfbfn hstb, ˆjlf bfmfspv ƒjfmk rt. bhD � zfmfslv dlsj mcJ dIdvsq htstb, ªskfmvf skfmfslv jfkfv snfuf jv ˆhQ Ob rsq l]fVfW. dbÇyq


225

zfdm zfmfv diYb dlj rskW slsJ Kfdj.« zfbfn hstb, ˆviv zfmfslv iaskAsj dbu hfùmCt kfv ifw¶GhkGD nÌDv hfùmCstv nfsK ˆhQ dbu if kfv ifsqv nfsK (r]fec kfv r]fecv nfsK, ifsqv o]fe kfv ifsqv o]fsev nfsK) tfdosq dlk. (hc} 718, mc} 436, zflf} 662bQ) rpvk ufshv dhb nfmcvfr hstb, ˆjlf zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfslv jfsY ˆstb. sn nmq zfmvf softfjfv lst lst dhHÙÁ dYtfm. dkdb htstb, ªskfmfslvsj zfdm dhd[åv™si slJdY sjb?« zk}iv ˆjdlb dkdb zfmfslv jfsY ˆsn (zfmfslvsj zbcv™i dhd[å slsJ) htstb, ªskfmvf iadkiftsjv nfmsb dIdvñfhsoGv jfkfv h]fLfv mk jfkfv sh]sL l]fVfsh bf dj?« zfmvf httfm, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! dIdvñfhoG k]fslv iadkiftsjv nfmsb djv™si jfkfv sh]sL l]fVfb.` dkdb htstb, ªiaKmjfv jfkfvnmCr iCBG jsvb ˆhQ Ob rsq usm jfkfv sh]sL l]fVfb.« (mc} 430, zflf} 661, dm} 1091bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, Ob jsv l]fVfsbfv zKG ˆƒ bq sp, iv±iv sEtfsEdt W yfifyfdi jsv l]fVfsk rsh. hvQ ˆƒv™i l]fVfsbfsk bfmfspv ˆjfoakf W dhbq bó rsk ifsv. zkˆh pfsk ifsq if ˆhQ hfùsk hfù öfHfdhjHfsh stso Kfsj kfvƒ syóf jvsk rsh. zfv kfv ubA pkecjc lvjfv kkecjcƒ if I]fj jsv l]fVfsk rsh. nfmsbv jfkfv Jfdt Kfjst (vfjzfk hf v¢jC Ycse pfWqfv Hsq) diYsb l]fVfsbf ShL bq. spmb nfmsbv jfkfsv I]fj slJf dlst kf há jvf uv¢vD. nfmsb jfkfsv spsk lCv rst ˆhQ bfmfspv msLA rstW zoanv rsq spsk rsh jfkfv dmtfsbfv …sÜswA. ˆv ubA vsqsY zfslw, icvõfv ˆhQ dkvõfvW. bhD mchfwXdwv � hstb, ªiaKm jfkfvsj zfso iCBG jv, kfviv kfv isvv jfkfvsj. ziCBG Kfjst spb swsNv jfkfv Kfsj.« (zflf} 671bQ) dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf jfkfv snfuf jv, hfùmCtnmCrsj ifwfifdw nmipGfq jsv l]fVfW, jfkfsvv I]fj há jv, ifw¶GhkGD bfmfpD Hfƒslv ubA dbu dbu rfknmCrsj bvm jv ˆhQ wqkfsbv ubA (jfkfsv) I]fj svsJf bf. zfv sp hAdÙÁ jfkfv dmdtsq l]fVfq sn hAdÙÁv nfsK zfïfr dmtb (n©ijG) vfsJb ˆhQ sp hAdÙÁ jfkfv dYâ jsv sn hAdÙÁv nfsK zfïfr (n©ijG zKhf jtAfB) dYâ jsvb.« (zflf} 666bQ) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªzhwAƒ zfïfr kfslv iadk vrm jsvb ˆhQ dIdvñfhoG kfslv ubA lczf jsv Kfsjb, pfvf jfkfv dmdtsq l]fVfq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ jfkfsvv I]fj há jsv, zfïfr kfv dhdbmsq kfsj ˆjde mpGflfq …âDk jsvb.« (ƒmf}, zf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, rf}, nuf} 1843bQ) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ (jfkfsvv mfsU) sjfb I]fj há jsv, zfïfr kfv dhdbmsq kfsj ˆjde mpGflfq …âDk jsvb ˆhQ kfv ubA ufâfsk ˆj oxr dbmfGB jsvb.« (k¶fh} zfWnfk¶, nkf} 502bQ) dkdb hstb, ªzhwAƒ zfïfr vrmk hNGB jsvb ˆhQ dIdvñfhoG lczf jvsk Kfsjb


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kfslv ubA pfvf iaKm jfkfv dmdtsq (hAhLfb bf svsJ) l]fVfq. zfv sp ils[i äfvf hf¦lf sjfb jfkfsvv I]fj há jvsk pfq kf zsi[f zfïfrv dbje zbA sjfb ils[i zdLj iY¦lbDq bq.« (zflf}, ƒJc}, zhwA ˆsk ils[siv …sïJ sbƒ, nkf} 504bQ)

� ifswv bfmfpDv ubA dbsuv hfùsj bvm jsv l]fVfsbf } ifswv bfmfpD pfsk msb jó bf ifq kfv ubA iaskAj bfmfpDv jkGhA dbu dbu hfùsj bvm jsv vfJf. ˆsk …Hsqv msb dhsäN lCv rsq iaDdkv nÑfv rsh. lCv rsh OxBf W jfkfsvv I]fj. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA …Ùm stfj kfvfƒ, pfvf bfmfspv msLA dbsuslv hfùnmCrsj (ifswv bfmfpDv ubA) bvm vfsJ.« (zflf} 672bQ) htf hfùtA, ifsq if tfofhfv nmq, hfm if-sj Ffb ifsqv dbsy shv jsv hnfv nmqW ifswv bfmfpDv nfsK jsEfvkfv idvyq slWqf …dyk bq. hvQ jfkfsv yfifyfdi hf EfnfEfdn Kfjst if shv jsv zivsj jó slWqfv yfƒsk if bf shv jsv …ÙÁ ncâk iftb bf jvfƒ …Ùm. (dthfmf} 22/30) � jfkfvnmCsrv mfsU shwD lCvk¶ bf vfJf } ƒmfm W iaKm jfkfv ˆhQ zbcv™i däkDq W kfv isvv jfkfvnmCsrv mfsU iasqfusbv zdLj lCvk¶ vfJf …dyk bq. spsrkc mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf skfmfslv jfkfvnmCrsj Ob jv, jfkfvÈstfv mfsU hAhLfb jfYfjfdY jv ˆhQ skfmfslv OfVnmCrsj nmipGfsq snfuf vfJ. snƒ zfïfrv jnm! p]fv rfsk zfmfv ufb zfsY, dbÇyq zfdm wqkfbsj jft sH]Vfv hf¤yfv mk skfmfslv jfkfsvv I]fsj I]fsj iashw jvsk slJdY.« (hc} 718, mc} 423, 433, 434, zflf} 667bQ) nfmsb jfkfv jvfv mk ufqof I]fj Kfjst diYsb jfkfv sh]sL bfmfp rsh bf. spmb diYsb jfkfv h]fLst ˆhQ nfmsb I]fjf ufqofq vf²Àfq stfj ytfyt jvstW bfmfp rsh bf. mndul iCBG rsq sost kfviv vf²Àf iCBG rsh ˆhQ kfv isv slfjfb ƒkAfdlsk jfkfv h]fLf ytsh. vf²Àf Jfdt Kfjsk slfjfsb jfkfv h]fLf ShL rsh bf. (mfumC… IfkfWqf, ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr 23/410, û} kfdm} 282ix}) � KfmnmCsrv I]fsj jfkfv bf h]fLf } rpvk zfbfn hstb, `zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv pfmfbfq ˆƒ (Kfsmv I]fsj jfkfv h]fLf) sKsj lCsv Kfjkfm.' (zflf} 673bQ, dk}) rpvk jcvGfr hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv pcso zfmfslvsj Kfsmv I]fsj jfkfv h]fLsk dbsNL jvf rk ˆhQ sj… h]fLst kfsj snJfb sKsj l²Âv mk kfdVsq slWqf rk.' (ƒmf} 1002, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, rf}, hf}) ˆv jfvB rt ˆƒ sp, mfsU Kfm rWqfv Ist jfkfv dhd¤Yâ rsq pfq. zfv ˆƒ ubA ƒmfm hf ˆjfjD bfmfpDv ubA lcƒ Kfsmv mfsU l]fdVsq bfmfp iVf dbsNsLv zfWkfHcÙÁ


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bq. spmb zdLj dH]sV mndusl ufqof bf Kfjst ‰ ufqofskW jfkfv h]fLf iasqfusb ShL. (mck¶fnf} 208-209ix}) idvswsN ƒhbct jfƒsqm (v})-ˆv ˆjde mCtAhfb …dÙÁv …sïJ jsv ˆ dhNsqv ƒdk efdb; dkdb hstb, `zfïfrv nfmsb hf¦lfv lcƒ nmq l]fVfsk rsh. bfmfsp k]fv nfmsb l]fVfsk rq ˆhQ k]fv nf[fskv nmq (djqfmsk) k]fv nfmsb l]fVfsk rsh. nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ iaKm nmsq (bfmfsp) ndEjHfsh l]fVfsh, kfv ubA däkDq nmsq (djqfmsk) l]fVfsbf nru rsq pfsh. zfv sp hAdÙÁ iaKm nmsq l]fVfsbfsk zhsrtf ialwGb jvsh ˆhQ kfv pKfKG rj zflfq jvsh bf, kfv ubA däkDq nmsq (djqfmsk) l]fVfsbf jdEb rsq pfsh.' 5. ƒmfsmv zbcnvB jvf } pKf dbqsm ƒmfsmv zbcnvB jvf Wqfsuh ˆhQ k]fv zbAKf zfyvB sofbfrv jfu. ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk nfLfvBk} mcÙÁflDv 4 iajfv zfyvB rsk ifsv } (j) zoaomb } zKGf{ ƒmfsmv zfso-zfso v¢jC-dnulf jvf zKhf mfKf skftf. ˆmb zfyvB sofbfrv jfu. hvQ susbðsb sö¤Yfq jvst bfmfpƒ hfdkt rsq pfsh. (dmb zfrjfdmn n¶ftfr, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 46ix}) spmb ƒmfsmv zfso kfjhDsv kfrvDmf dlst bfmfspv hábƒ ðÝ rsh bf. Hcst dlsq sItst icbvfq ƒmfsmv kjhDv slWqfv iv kjhDv dlsk rsh. (nfuf} 163ix}) mrfbhD � hstb, ªƒmfm ˆƒ ubA hfbfsbf rsqsY sp, kfv zbcnvB jvf rsh. nckvfQ kfv dhv¢ÝfyvB jsvf bf.« (mc} 414bQ) ªskfmvf ƒmfsmv iCshG (djYc jvsk) kfVfkfdV jsvf bf. pJb sn `zfïfù zfjhfv' hst kJb skfmvfW `zfïfù zfjhfv' ht. --- pJb sn v¢jC jsv kJb skfmvf v¢jC jv. pJb sn `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr hst, kJb skfmvf `zfïfù©mf vfêfbf tfjft rfmXl' ht.« (‰ 415bQ) ªpJb sn v¢jC jsv kJb skfmvf v¢jC jv. zfv skfmvf kk[B ipG§À v¢jC jsvf bf, pk[B ipG§À sn v¢jC bf jsv. pJb sn dnulf jsv, kJb skfmvf dnulf jv ˆhQ kk[B ipG§À dnulf jsvf bf, pk[B ipG§À sn dnulf bf jsv.« (zflf} 603bQ) dkdb hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA dj ˆ jKfv sj… Hq jsv bf sp, ƒmfsmv zfso mfKf kctst kfv syrfvf zKhf zfjxdk ofLfv mk rsq pfsh.« (hc} 691, mc} 427, zf}, nczf}) ˆjlf dkdb mcÙÁflDslv …sÜswA htstb, ªsr stfj njt! zfdm skfmfslv ƒmfm. zkˆh zfmfv zfso skfmvf v¢jC jsvf bf, dnulf jsvf bf, hsnf bf ˆhQ nftfm dIsvf bf.« (zf}, mc}, dm} 1137bQ) (J) iÇyflXomb } zKGf{ ƒmfsmv zsbj diYsb slvD jsv v¢jC-dnulf jvf. ƒmfm v¢jC hf dnulf sKsj …sE sostW mcÙÁflDv slvD jsv v¢jC hf dnulfsk isV Kfjf. ˆmb jvfW ShL bq. jfvB, vnCt � hstb, ªpJb sn v¢jC jsv kJb skfmvf v¢jC jv. pJb sn dnulf jsv, kJb skfmvf dnulf jv.«


228

(o) nromb } zKGf{ yeXieX ƒmfsmv nfsK nfsKƒ v¢jC-dnulf ƒkAfdl jvf. ˆv™i jvfefW zShL. (O) zbcomb } zKGf{, ƒmfm v¢jC-dnulf jvst kshƒ v¢jC-dnulf ƒkAfdl jvf. zfv ˆv™i jvfefƒ Wqfsuh. bhD mchfwXdwv � hstb, ªskfmvf kk[B ipG§À v¢jC jsvf bf, pk[B ipG§À sn v¢jC bf jsv ˆhQ kk[B ipG§À dnulf jsvf bf, pk[B ipG§À sn dnulf bf jsv.« nfrfhD hfvf' dhb zfsph (…ÙÁ zfmstv hAfJAfq) hstb, `zfmvf bhD �-ˆv diYsb bfmfp iVkfm. pJb dkdb `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr' htskb, kJb zfmfslv msLA sj…ƒ kk[B ipG§À dnulf jvfv ubA dbsuv diE Ucjfk bf, pk[B ipG§À bf dkdb mfdesk dbsuv jift svsJ dbskb.' (hc} 690bQ, mc}, zf}, nczf}) ƒmfsmv kjhDv htfv iv kjhDv htsk rsh. ƒmfsmv `zfmDb'-ˆv `zf-' htsk ðv¢ jvfv isvƒ `zfmDb' htsk rsh. sjfb Wusvv Ist ƒmfsmv zfso rsq sost bfmfp hfdkt bq. spmb sjfb hAKfv jfvsB znrA p§ÃBfq kfVfkfdV ƒmfsmv zfso dnulf sKsj …sE iVst kf LkGhA bq. klbcv™i sjfb Wusvv Ist sj… ƒmfsmv diYsb sKsj sost kfW LkGhA bq. spmb pdl sj… dnulfq dosq Ocdmsq sot, zk}iv isvv vfjzfsk v¢jCv nmq suso …Et zKhf sjfb hV ufmfzfsk hf mnduslv zbA ktfq bfmfp iVsk iVsk nCvf Ifdkrf swfbfv iv mfƒsjv wè há rWqfv Ist ƒmfsmv v¢jC jvfv jKf dEjmk hcUf bf sost rEf{ jsv ufbsk ifvf sot sp, ƒmfm `nfdmzfïfù---' hst v¢jC sKsj …EsYb -ˆ s[sÛ Ycse pfWqf v¢jXb dbsu dbsu zflfq jsv hfjD bfmfsp ƒmfsmv zbcnvB jvsh. zfv kfv ˆ bfmfp rsq pfsh. ksh sp ufqof sKsj bfmfp Ycse sosY isvv vfjzfsk snƒ ufqofq pdl ƒmfm yst dosq Kfsjb, kfrst kfv ˆj vfjzfk hfdkt rsh. snJfb sKsjƒ ƒmfsmv zbcnvB jsv hfjD bfmfp isV ƒmfsmv (lcƒ) nftfm dIvfv iv …sE Ycse pfWqf ‰ vfjzfk dbsu isV sbsh. (mcm} 4/264-265) ƒmfsmv lcƒ nftfm dIvfv zfso mcÙÁflDv nftfm dIvf ShL bq. (mh} 12/91) mrfbhD � hstb, ªsr stfj njt! zfdm skfmfslv ƒmfm. nckvfQ skfmvf v¢jC, dnulf, djqfm W ShEsj, zfv bf nftfsm zfmfv zoahkGD rsqf bf.« (mc}, zf}, dm}1137bQ) zfIpt rt ƒmfsmv lcƒ dlsj nftfm dIvfv ivƒ nftfm dIvf. zhwA pdl sj… ƒmfsmv Ffb dlsj nftfm dIvfv iv Ffb dlsj ˆhQ k]fv hfm dlsj nftfm dIvfv iv hfm dlsj nftfm dIsv, kfrst kf slfsNv bq. (mcm} 4/267) zsbsjv msk ƒmfsmv lcƒ nftfm dIvfv zfso pdl mcÙÁflD nftfm dIsv slq zKhf hfjD bfmfp iVfv ubA …sE pfq, kfrst kfv bfmfp bó rsq bIst idvBk rsq pfq. (IfkWqf wfqJ nf'lD 174ix}, mck¶fnf 97ix})


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ÎfkhA sp, Èå dhNqnmCr ƒmfsmv zfso-disY hf nfsK-nfsK rst sjfb slfsNv bq. spmb dnvGD bfmfsp nCvf Ifdkrf, sjfbW bfmfsp kfwfrXùl ƒmfsmv zfso hf nfsK nfsK iVf rst kfsk sjfb [dk rq bf. jfvB, nfLfvBk} ˆv ðv¢ W swN hcUf pfq bf ˆhQ ˆ hAfifsv ƒmfsmv zbcnvB jvsk mcÙÁflD zfdló bq. (mcm} 4/267-268) hcsj rfk h]fsLb bf ˆmb ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk hcsj rfk sh]sL ˆhQ vIXsq qAflfƒb jsvb bf ˆmb ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk vIXsq qAflfƒb jsv mcÙÁflDv bfmfp iVf ƒmfsmv dhv¢ÝfyvB bq. spmb sp ƒmfm kxkDq W ykcKG vfjzfkdhdwó bfmfspv swN ShEsj hfm if-sj Ffb ifsqv vtfv dbsy shv jsv hsnb bf, k]fv diYsb mcÙÁflD ‰v™i hnst k]fv dhv¢ÝfyvB rq bf. uftnfsq ƒd²Àvfrfr jsvb bf ˆmb ƒmfsmv diYsb bfmfp iVst iaKm hf kxkDq vfjzfskv dnulf sKsj nvfndv …sE sost mcÙÁflDv ubA hnf ShL bq. jfvB, ˆde ƒmfsmv hfdrAj jmG. zkˆh dkdb l]fdVsq sost mcÙÁflDv hsn pfWqf ytsh bf. (mcm} 2/312) zhwA zsbsj hstb, ˆde rfîf ShEj. ˆsk ƒmfsmv dhv¢ÝfyvB rq bf. zkˆh ƒmfm uftnfsq ƒd²Àvfrfrv ncâk iftb bf jvstW mcÙÁflDv rfîf hsn nfsK nfsK …sE dosq kf iftb jvfq slfN sbƒ. ƒmfm Iusvv bfmfsp rfk kcst jcbck iVst mcÙÁflDv ubA rfk kcst zfmDb hst k]fv zbcnvB jvf uv¢vD. ksh snƒ ƒmfsmv diYsb bfmfp iVf …Ùm, sp Iusv jcbck isV bf. spsrkc kf dhlzfk. (I…} 1/393) ƒmfm nftfm dIvfv iv mcÙÁflDslv iadk dIsv bf hnf ipG§À mcÙÁflDv …sE mndul kAfo jvf …dyk bq. (mcm} 4/432, Iƒ} 1/391) ƒmfm kfwfrùsl slvD jvst mcÙÁflDv yciyfi hsn Kfjf …dyk bq. hvQ ˆ nmsq nrDr bhhD lczf äfvf mcbfufk jsv zfïfrv jfsY hù djYc sysq sbWqf …dyk. jfvB, ˆef rt lczf jhct rWqfv nmq. zbcv™i iaKm kfwfrùsl slvD jvst zfLf kfwfrùl isV bDvh hsn Kfjf …dyk bq. hvQ kfwfrùslv iv lv™l ˆhQ kfv isvW nmq Kfjst mcbfufk jvf …dyk. zfv ˆ hAfifsv kfwfrùslv hBGbfq (1m Jsà) zfstfybf jvf rsqsY. nkjGkfv dhNq sp, kfwfrùslv ShEsj ƒmfmsj slvD jvsk slsJ zsbsj otf UfVsk ðv¢ jsv. ˆmb jvf kfslv SLpGrDbkf W zÎkfv idvyq.

ƒƒƒmmmfffsssmmmvvv iiiÇÇÇyyyfffssskkk dddjjj¶¶ ¶vvvfffzzzfffkkk ƒmfm nwsè dj¶vfzfk jvst mcÙÁflDsj dj¶vfzfk jvsk rq bf. dhswN jsv nwsè sjfb nCvf ifE jvf mcÙÁflDv ubA ShL bq. hvQ ƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfk yci jsv ðbsk rq. mrfb zfïfr hstb,


230

�4+�אو�?�ذ�א��EAא *R��Eن�)��]�#�4��+�א ��و��3(>( zKGf{, pJb jcvzfb ifE jvf rq, kJb skfmvf msbfspfo nrjfsv swfb ˆhQ yci Kfj. (jc} 7/204) nfrfhfoB bfmfsp nwsè dj¶vfzfk iVskb. ˆjlf sjfb survD bfmfp sKsj nftfm dIsv zfïfrv bhD � htstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… dj zfmfv nfsK (nwsè) jcvzfb isVsY?« ˆj hAdÙÁ htt, r]Af, sr zfïfrv vnCt! dkdb htstb, ªkfskƒ zfdm HfhdY sp, zfmfv dj¶vfzfsk hAfOfk nxdó rs¤Y sjb.« zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, ˆƒ jKf zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv jfY sKsj swfbfv iv stfsjvf k]fv nfsK survD bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk jvf sKsj dhvk rsq sot. (mf}, zf}, nczf}, dm} 855bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªpfv ƒmfm zfsY, kfv ƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfk kfv dj¶vfzfk.« (zf}, ƒmf}, nuf} 6487bQ) dkdb hstb, ªƒmfm skf ˆƒ ubA hfbfsbf rq sp, kfv zbcnvB jvf rsh. zkˆh sn pJb `zfïfù zfjhfv' hst, kJb skfmvf `zfïfù zfjhfv' ht ˆhQ pJb dj¶vfzfk jsv kJb yci Kfj.« (zflf}, bf}, ƒzfwf}, ƒmf}, hf}, nuf} 2358-2359bQ) ˆ rt nfLfvB ùjcm. survD bfmfsp nwsè mcÙÁflD sjfb dj¶vfzfk jvsk ifvsh bf. dj§Â db}wsè sjht nCvf Ifdkrf iVfv hAfifvef hAdkÛÁm. jfvB, nCvf Ifdkrfv vsqsY ixKj ShdwóA. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsnƒ hAdÙÁv bfmfp rq bf, sp hAdÙÁ�kfsk nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jsv bf.«�(hc}, mc}, zfzf}, hf}, ƒo} 302bQ) ªsnƒ hAdÙÁv bfmfp psKó�bq, sp kfsk nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jsv bf.«�(lfvf}, ƒdr}, ƒo} 302bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ�ˆmb sjfbW bfmfp isV, pfsk sn nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jsv bf, kfv�‰�bfmfp (oHGycAk�ë™sBv bAfq) zn©iCBG, zn©iCBG, zn©iCBG.« (mc}, zfzf}, dm} 823bQ) ªzfïfr kfzftf hstb, `zfdm bfmfp (nCvf Ifdkrf)sj zfmfv W zfmfv hf¦lfv mfsU zfLfzfdL Hfo jsv dbsqdY; zsLGj zfmfv ubA ˆhQ zsLGj zfmfv hf¦lfv ubA. zfv zfmfv hf¦lf kfƒ ifq, pf sn iafKGbf jsv.' (mc} 395, zflf}, dk}, zfzf}, iamcJ, dm} 823bQ) ª…©mct jcvzfb (jcvzfsbv ubbD nCvf Ifdkrf) ˆv mk zfïfr zfpXpf zufïX kfWvfsk ˆhQ ƒdÓst sjfb djYcƒ zhkDBG jsvb db. ˆƒ (nCvfƒ) rt (bfmfsp iaskAj vfjzfsk) idEk 7de zfqfk ˆhQ mrf jcvzfb, pf zfmfsj lfb jvf rsqsY.« (bf}, rf}, dk}, dm} 2142 bQ) nfrfhD …hflfr dhb nfsmk hstb, ˆjlf zfmvf zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv iÇyfsk Iusvv bfmfp iVdYtfm. dkdb dj¶vfzfk iVsk tfost k]fsj dj¶vfzfk HfvD tfot. nftfm dIvfv iv dkdb htstb, ªn©Hhk} skfmvf ƒmfsmv diYsb dj¶vfzfk jv.«


231

zfmvf httfm, `rA]f, zfïfrv vnCt! (zfmvf skf kf jdv.) dkdb htstb, ªbf, dj¶vfzfk jsvf bf. zhwA nCvf Ifdkrf isVf. jfvB, sp kf isV bf kfv bfmfp rq bf.« (zflf}, dk}, bf}, lfvf}, rf}, dm} 823bQ) i[f§Àsv ƒmfm survD bfmfspv swN ˆj hf lcƒ vfjzfsk zKhf dnvGD bfmfsp db}wsè dj¶vfzfk jvst zKhf k]fv dj¶vfzfk ðbsk bf ifWqf sostW mcÙÁflD nCvf Ifdkrf zhwAƒ iVsh ˆhQ snƒ nfsK zbA nCvfW iVsk ifsv. sp zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, `ˆƒ jKf zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv jfY sKsj swfbfv iv stfsjvf k]fv nfsK survD bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk jvf sKsj dhvk rsq sot.' snƒ (nCvf Ifdkrfv Èv¢k¶ dbsq rflDn hBGbfjfvD) zfhC ùvfƒvfsj iaw jvf rt sp, (nCvf Ifdkrfv ˆk Èv¢k¶ rst) ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk djHfsh iVf pfsh? …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `kcdm skfmfv msb msb isV bfW. jfvB, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt �-sj htsk ðsbdY, ªzfïfr kfzftf hstb, `zfdm bfmfp (nCvf Ifdkrf)sj zfmfv W zfmfv hf¦lfv mfsU zfLfzfdL Hfo jsv dbsqdY; zsLGj zfmfv ubA ˆhQ zsLGj zfmfv hf¦lfv ubA. zfv zfmfv hf¦lf kfƒ ifq, pf sn iafKGbf jsv.' (mc} 395, zflf}, dk}, zfzf}, iamcJ, dm} 823bQ) pdl hstb, zflshv dbqm ˆƒ sp, ufmfzfskv msLA ˆjub jKf htsh ˆhQ hfjD nhfƒ yci Kfjsh. nhfƒ jKf htst swafkf hcUsk ifsv bf ˆhQ n©mfdbk swafkfv wfsb shzflhD rq. kfrst zfmvf hth sp, kfƒ pdl rq, kfrst ƒd²ÀIkfr, kfnhDr, kfwfrùl ƒkAfdl sjb nhfƒ hst Kfsj? kfsk dj shzflhD rq bf? kf dj hcUsk zfïfrv zncdhLf rq bf? kfYfVf ˆjƒ nfsK dhsw¶v jk wk mcntmfb ˆjƒ nmsq ˆj nfsK jk ƒmfm, jk bIt bfmfpD bfmfsp nCvf Ifdkrf isV, kJb dj ˆƒ zncdhLf rq bf? mfbcsNv nfsK zfïfrv kctbf? bfdj zfïfrv jclvsk ns¦lr? zfnst spJfsb ltDt zfsY snJfsb zfsjt äfvf jfu sbWqf zfsÄstv jfu bq. iajfw Kfsj sp, pdl sjfb jfvBhwk} mcÙÁflD ƒmfsmv diYsb nCvf Ifdkrf iVsk Hcst pfq, kfrst kfsk kfv bfmfp rsq pfsh. ‰ vfjzfk kfsj jfpf jvsk rsh bf. jfvB, Hcstv zfmt LkGhA bq. (Iƒ} 1/264) dnvGD bfmfsp ƒmfsmv diYsb mcÙÁflD dnulfv zfqfk ifE jvst sktfzskv dnulf jvsk ifsv bf. sktfzskv dnulf ncâk. zfv ƒmfsmv zbcnvB Wqfsuh. zkˆh ncâk iftb jvsk dosq sofbfr jvsk sj… ifsv bf. zfhfv ˆ jKf susbðsb sj… dnulf jvst kfv bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfsh. (‰ 1/290)

mmmcc cÙÙÙÁÁÁffflllDDDvvv uuufffmmmfffzzzfffssskkk wwwfffdddmmmttt rrrWWWqqqfffvvv dddhhhdddHHHâââ zzzhhh²²²¿¿ ¿ fff ufmfzfk ðv¢ rsq pfWqfv iv sjfb bfmfpD bfmfsp wfdmt rsk yfƒst dbqdmk lcƒ rfk kcst kfjhDsv kfrvDmf dlsq kfsj kfƒ jvsk rsh, pf ƒmfm jvsYb. kfVfùsVf


232

bf jsv ƒmfm sp zh²¿fq Kfjshb snƒ zh²¿fq LDsv-ncs²¿ wfdmt rsk rsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªbfmfsp zfnfv nmq LDv-d²¿vkfv nfsK ˆn ˆhQ kfVfùsVf jsv ˆsnf bf. ˆviv pf ifsh, kf isV bfW hQ pf Ycse pfsh, kf icvf jsv bfW.« (zf}, hc}, mc}, nuf} 275bQ) dkdb hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… bfmfsp ˆst ˆhQ ƒmfm sjfb zh²¿fq Kfjst, sn spb kfƒ jsv, pf ƒmfm jvsY.« (dk}, dnn} 1188, nuf} 261bQ) ƒmfm dnvGD bfmfsp iaKm vfjzfsk djqfm zh²¿fq Kfjst mcÙÁflD pKfdbqsm lcƒ rfk kcst kfjhDsv kfrvDmf dlsq ƒd²ÀIkfrv lczf isV `zf†pc dhïfr-dhndmïfr' isV nCvf Ifdkrf ˆhQ zbA ˆjde nCvf ifE jvsh. dj§Â ƒmfsmv v¢jC yst pfWqfv zfwËf rst sjht `zf†pc dhïfr-dhndmïfr' isV nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jvsh. Ifdkrf ifE jvsk jvsk ƒmfm v¢jC yst sost icsvf bf isVƒ v¢jCsk spsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/259) ˆ s[sÛ Ifdkrf iVfv ubA l]fdVsq Kfjf ShL bq. survD bfmfsp ƒmfsmv nCvf Ifdkrf hf zbA nCvf ifE jvf zh²¿fq wfdmt rst mcÙÁflD ƒd²ÀIkfr hf nfbf iVsh bf. hvQ ycsi ycsi sjht `zf†pc dhïfr-dhndmïfr' isV nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jvsh. (mcm} 3/394) ƒmfm v¢jCsk yst sost mcÙÁflD kfVfùsVf bf jsv LDsv-ncs²¿ pKfdbqsm l]fdVsq lcƒ rfk kcst kfjhDsv kfrvDmf slWqfv iv v¢jcsk pfWqfv kjhDv isV v¢jCsk pfsh ˆhQ v¢jCv knhDr ifE jvsh. zhwA nmq nQjDBG hcUst sjht kfrvDmfv kjhDvƒ psKó. ˆ s[sÛ l]fdVsq kjhDsvv iv hcsj rfkW vfJsh bf ˆhQ nfbf hf IfdkrfW iVsh bf. jfvB, ƒmfsmv zbcnvB uv¢vD. (Iƒ} 1/255, mcm} 4/242-243)

v¢jC sist vfjzfk oBA } ƒmfsmv nfsK v¢jC sist vfjzfk oBA rsh dj bf sn dhNqde dhkdjGk. hkGmfb dhsw¶v nkAfbcnáfbD …tfmfosBv ncdyd§Àk mkfbcnfsv v¢jc sist vfjzfk oBA rsh. ˆ hAfifsv sp njt ±ió rflDn hdBGk rsqsY kfsk djYc djYc lchGtkf KfjstW ˆj ufmfzfk nfrfhfv zfmt ˆ jKfv nmKGb jsv. ˆ hAfifsv ƒhsb mfn†l, ƒhsb …mfv, pfql dhb nfshk, zfècïfr dhb zfmXv iaHxdk jkxGj v¢jC sist vfjzfk oBA rWqfv jKf nrDr nbsl hdBGk zfsY. i[f§Àsv zfhC hfjvfv nrDr rflDsnv hAfJAf dbsq mksHl KfjstW zsbsj rflDndesj v¢jC sist vfjzfk oBA rWqfv ltDt drnfsh hAhrfv jsvsYb. zfhC hfjvfr ˆjlf mndul iashw jvskƒ slJstb bhD � v¢jCsk yst sosYb. dkdb kfVfùsVf jsv jfkfsv wfdmt rWqfv zfsoƒ v¢jC jvstb. zk}iv v¢jCv zh²¿fq ytsk ytsk jfkfsv dosq wfdmt rstb. ˆjKf bhD �-sj htf rst dkdb k]fv …sÜswA htstb, ªzfïfr skfmfv zfoar zfsvf hxdÝ jv¢b. zfv kcdm däkDq hfv ˆmbde jsvf bf. (zKhf zfv kcdm Ycse ˆsnf bf. zKhf kcdm bfmfp dIdvsq isVf bf.)« (hc}, zflf}, dm} 1110bQ) …ÙÁ rflDsn v¢jC sist vfjzfk sisq sbWqfv jKf ƒdÌsk hdBGk rsqsY. kfYfVf zfv


233

ˆjde ncâskv jKf hdBGk rsqsY sp, pdl sj… mndusl iashw jsv ƒmfmsj v¢jCv zh²¿fq slsJ kfrst jfkfsv wfdmt rWqfv zfsoƒ kfv ubA v¢jC jvf ncâk. kfsk pdl sn ƒmfsmv mfKf skftfv iv jfkfsv wfdmt rq kfrstW kfv ‰ vfjzfk oBA rsq pfsh. (kfdm} 286ix}) ƒhbcp pchfƒv hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA pJb sj… mndusl iashw jsv slsJ sp (ufmfzfskv) stfsjvf v¢jCv zh²¿fq zfsY, kfrst sn spb iashw jsvƒ v¢jC jsv. zk}iv v¢jCv zh²¿fq ytsk ytsk jfkfsv wfdmt rq. jfvB, ˆefƒ rt ncâfr.« (k¶fh, zfWnfk¶, zfvf}, ƒJc} 1571, rf} 1/214, hf} 3/106, dnn} 229bQ, ƒo} 2/260-265) smfe jKf, sj… pdl ƒmfmsj v¢jCv zh²¿fq sisq k]fv nfsK v¢jCv (jmis[ ˆjhfv) knhDr iVsk n[m rq, kfrst kfv sn vfjzfk oBA rsq pfsh. djqfm W nCvf Ifdkrf bf sistW vfjzfk rsq pfsh. nCvf Ifdkrf YfVf bfmfp rq bf. dj§Â djqfm zh²¿fq iVfv ncspfo bf sisq ƒmfsmv nfsK v¢jCsk yst sost mcÙÁflDv rsÄ kf mfuGbDq. jfvB, nfLfvB ltDt sKsj ˆ hAfifvefW hAdkÛÁm. (mcm} 4/244) iv§Â ƒ¤Yf jsv pdl sj… djqfsm wfdmt bf rsq (tìf kfvfhDrv) v¢jCsk wfdmt rq, kfrst kfv ‰ vfjzfk rsh bf. jfvB sn ƒ¤Yfjxk bfmfspv ˆjde v¢jXb djqfm W nCvf Ifdkrf kAfo jsv. nkjGkfv dhNq sp, ƒmfm v¢jC zh²¿fq Kfjst mndusl iashw jsv zsbj mcÙÁflD kfsj v¢jC ifƒsq slWqfv zfwfq otf UfVf dlsq ƒmfmsj nkjG jsv. ˆmb jvf ShL bq.

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ƒmfm jWmfv zh²¿fq Kfjst pKfdbqsm l]fdVsq lcƒ rfk kcst kfjhDsv kfrvDmf slWqfv iv jWmfv lczf ifE jvsh. ˆ s[sÛ zfv vfjzfk oBA rsh bf. ƒmfm dnulfq yst sost pKfdbqsm l]fdVsq lcƒ rfk kcst kfjhDsv kfrvDmf slWqfv iv (hcsj rfk bf sh]sL) zfhfv kjhDv hst dnulfq dosq dnulfv knhDr ifE jvsh. zfv ˆ s[sÛW vfjzfk oBA rsh bf ˆhQ ƒmfsmv däkDq vfjzfsk djqfsm l]fVfsbfv nmq ƒd²ÀIkfrW iVsh bf. hvQ `zf†pc dhïfr-dhndmïfr' isV nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jvsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfmvf dnulfvk Kfjf zh²¿fq skfmvf bfmfsp ˆst skfmvfW dnulf jv ˆhQ snefsj djYcW oBA jsvf bf.« (hc} 556, mc} 607-608, zflf} 893bQ) ƒmfm lcƒ dnulfv mfsUv ShEsj Kfjst mcÙÁflD pKfdbqsm l]fdVsq lcƒ rfk kcst kfjhDsv kfrvDmf slWqfv iv icbvfq kjhDv dlsq (hcsj rfk bf sh]sL) nvfndv ƒmfsmv mk hsn pfsh ˆhQ ‰ ShEsjv lczf ifE jvsh. ƒmfm swN dnulfq KfjstW k]fv ubA …sE l]fVfsbfv zsi[f ShL bq. hvQ pKfdbqsm dnulfq spsk rsh ˆhQ pKfdbqsm ƒmfsmv nfsK …sE l]fdVsq `zf†pc dhïfr-dhndmïfr' isV nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jvsh. ˆJfsb l]fdVsq sKsj ˆjef dnulf JfmfJf bó jvf …dyk bq. jfvB, mrfbhD � hstb, ªkcdm zfïfrv ubA zdLjfdLj dnulf jvfsj zHAfn hfdbsq bfW; jfvB pJbƒ kcdm zfïfrv ubA ˆjde dnulf jvsh kJbƒ zfïfr kfv dhdbmsq skfmfsj ˆj


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mpGflfq …âDk jvshb ˆhQ kfv lv¢b ˆjde sofbfr smfyb jvshb.« (mc} 488bQ dk}, bf}, ƒmf}) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªiaskAj hf¦lfƒ, pJb sn zfïfrv ubA ˆjde dnulf jsv kJbƒ kfv dhdbmsq zfïfr kfv ubA ˆjde nWqfh dtdihÝ jsvb, kfv ˆjde sofbfr [ftb jsv slb ˆhQ kfsj ˆjde mpGflfq …âDk jsvb. zkˆh skfmvf shwD shwD jsv dnulf jv.« (ƒmf}, nkf} 379bQ) htfƒ hfùtA sp, ƒmfsmv v¢jC sKsj mfKf skftfv iv vfjzfskv sjfb zQsw wfdmt rst ‰ vfjzfk oBA rsh bf. ƒmfm nftfm dIsv dlst ‰ bfmfpD nftfm bf dIsv kjhDv dlsq …sE Ycse pfWqf ‰ vfjzfk ˆjfjD pKfdbqsm iCvB jsv nftfm dIvsh. zbcv™i däkDq vfjzfsk wfdmt rst zbcv™iHfsh vfjzfk oBA W zoBA rsh. ƒmfm kfwfrùsl Kfjst mcÙÁflD pKfdbqsm l]fdVsq lcƒ rfk kcst kfjhDsv kfrvDmf slWqfv iv icbvfq kjhDv dlsq (hcsj rfk bf sh]sL) nvfndv ƒmfsmv mk hsn pfsh ˆhQ ‰ kfwfrùslv lczf ifE jvsh. ˆv Ist sjfb sjfb 4 vfjzfkdhdwó bfmfsp 3 hfv, 3 vfjzfkdhdwó bfmfsp 3 sKsj 4 hfv ˆhQ 2 vfjzfkdhdwó bfmfsp 2 hfv kfwfrùl rsq spsk ifsv. spmb spfrv, zfnv hf ˆwfv bfmfspv iaKm kfwfrùsl ufmfzfsk wfdmt rst mcÙÁflD ƒmfsmv nfsK 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV swN kfwfrùl iVsh. zfv kfv rsh iaKm kfwfrùl. kfviv ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv kjhDv dlsq …sE hfjD 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV swN kfwfrùl ifE jvsh. ˆƒHfsh mcÙÁflDv rsq pfsh 3 kfwfrùl. zbcv™iHfsh däkDq vfjzfsk hf swN kfwfrùsl wfdmt rst ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv …sE hfjD bfmfp zflfq jvstW pKfdbqsm kfv 3de kfwfrùl rsh. mfosvshv bfmfspv däkDq vfjzfsk v¢jCv iv hf iaKm kfwfrùsl ufmfzfsk wfdmt rst ƒmfsmv nfsK swsNv vfjzfk isV swN kfwfrùl iVsh. kfviv ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv kjhDv dlsq …sE hfjD 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVsk iaKm sp vfjzfk sn ˆjfjD iVsh snde kfv däkDq vfjzfk. Ist sn kfv drnfsh sn iaKm kfwfrùl iVsh. kfviv …sE kxkDq vfjzfk isV swN kfwfrùl ifE jvsh. ˆƒHfsh ‰ mcÙÁflDv rsq pfsh 3 vfjzfsk 4de kfwfrùl. dj§Â ˆƒ bfmfspv däkDq vfjzfsk v¢jCv zfso hf v¢jCsk wfdmt rst iaskAj vfjzfsk 1de jsv smfe 3de kfwfrùl rsq pfsh. spmb swN kfwfrùsl wfdmt rstW pKfdbqsm 3de kfwfrùl rsh. Iusvv bfmfsp däkDq vfjzfsk zKhf kfwfrùsl wfdmt rst 2 vfjzfk bfmfsp 2de kfwfrùl rsq pfsh. zhwA kfwfrùl shwD rWqfv ubA sjfb nù dnulf tfosh bf. iajfw Kfsj sp, mcÙÁflD ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv …sE ˆjfjD sp bfmfp iVsh


235

snÈstf kfv swN vfjzfk. zkˆh swN vfjzfkÈstf sn ˆjfjD sp dbqsm isV dEj snƒ dbqsm zflfq jvsh. (mh} 17/66, 18/107, Iƒ} 1/308) survD bfmfp rst survD dj¶vfzfsk pdl ifswv bfmfpDv dFófhG bf rq, kfrst survD, bsy{ dnvGD dj¶vfzfk jsv bfmfp swN jvsh. spsrkc ˆjfjD bfmfsp sufsv sufsv dj¶vfzfk hfLAkfmCtj bq. (Iƒ} 1/340) ƒmfm nftfm dIsv dlst zfv ufmfzfsk wfdmt bf rsq zbA bfmfpD Kfjst kfsj dbsq däkDq ufmfzfk jsv bfmfp iVsh. ƒmfm iaKm nftfm dIsv swN jvstƒ mnhCj dbsuv hfjD bfmfp iVfv ubA …Esk ifsv. jfvB, ˆj nftfsmW bfmfp rsq pfq. ksh nkjGkfv dhNq sp, k]fv nftfm ðv¢ jvfv nfsK nfsK …Esh bf. i[f§Àsv zsbsj hstsYb, ƒmfm pk[B däkDq nftfm sKsj Ifsvo bf rsqsYb, kk[B …Ef ShL bq. ƒmfm wfsIqD (v}) hstb, sjfb mnhCj spb ƒmfsmv …Hq nftfm dIsv swN bf jvf ipG§À kfv hfjD bfmfp zflfq jvsk bf …sE. (mcmck¶fnf} 41ix}) mrfbhD � hstb, ªsr stfj njt! zfdm skfmfslv ƒmfm. zkˆh zfmfv zfso skfmvf v¢jC jsvf bf, dnulf jsvf bf, hsnf bf ˆhQ nftfm dIsvf bf.« (zf}, mc}) zsbsj hstsYb, ƒmfsmv lcƒ nftfm dIvfv zfso …sE sost mnhCsjv bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfsh. (IfkfWqfwX wfqJ ƒhdb nf`lD 174ix}, mck¶fnf} 96-97ix}) zkˆh bfmfpD nfhLfb!

mmmnnnhhhCC Csssjjjvvv ƒƒƒdddÙÙÙÁÁÁlllfff

pdl sjfb bfmfpD mndusl ˆsn slsJ sp ufmzfk swN rsq sosY, dj§Â djYc mnhCj (pfslv djYc bfmfp Ycse sosY kfvf) …sE ˆjfjD bfmfp iCBG jvsY, kfrst ufmfzfskv nWqfh tfsHv zfwfq ‰ bfmfpDv sjfb ˆj mnhCsjv Ffƒsb l]fdVsq kfv ƒdÙÁlf jsv bfmfp iVf ShL. (Iƒ} 1/266) dj§Â wfqJ ƒhsb …NfƒmDb (v}) hstb, ˆv spsrkc ndEj iamfB sbƒ ˆhQ zsbsj ˆv™i ðÝ bq hstsYb, snsrkc kf bf jvfƒ …Ùm. zfv mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp dhNsq ns¦lr zfsY sn dhNq huGb jsv kfƒ jv pfsk ns¦lr sbƒ.« (dk} 2518, nuf} 3378bQ) ªnckvfQ sp nd¦lrfb dhNqfhtD sKsj lCsv Kfjsh, sn kfv äDb W ƒÏksj h]fdysq sbsh.« (hc} 52, mc} 1599bQ) htf hfùtA, zsbsj kf ufsqp htstW bf jvfefƒ …Ùm. (I…} 1/371, dthfmf} 53-54ix})


236

zzzfffqqqfffssskkkvvv uuuhhhfffssshhh mmmcc cÙÙÙÁÁÁffflllDDDvvv lllcc czzzfff hhhtttfff

(db}wsè) jdkiq zfqfskv uhfh slWqf ˆhQ (sp sjfbW bfmfsp) vrmskv zfqfk idEk rst snƒ nmq zfïfrv vrmk dH[f jvf ˆhQ zfpfshv zfqfk idEk rst snƒ nmsq zfïfrv zfpfh sKsj ifbfr yfWqf mcÙÁflDv ubAW mc²Àfrfh. zhwA wkG rt, kfsk spb ƒmfsmv dj¶vfzfk swfbfsk hAfOfk nxdó bf rq. zkˆh ƒmfm lczf iVst mcÙÁflDW iVsh. bsy{ ƒmfm ˆjefbf dj¶vfzfk jsv sost zfqfskv uhfsh hf zbA sjfb lczf iVf ShL rsh bf. jfvB kfsk mc²Àfrfh iftb jvsk dosq zfslw tQOb jvf rsh. spsrkc ƒmfm dj¶vfzfk jvst mcÙÁflD yci sKsj msbfspfo nrjfsv wahB jvsk zfdló rsqsY. (mcm} 3/394-395)

ƒƒƒmmmfffmmm HHHcc cttt jjjvvvsssttt mmmcc cÙÙÙÁÁÁffflllDDDvvv jjjkkkGG GhhhAAA

ƒmfm sjfb Hct jvst mcÙÁflDv kf Ldvsq slWqf hf nQswfLb jsv slWqf jkGhA. zfv hV mfvfk¹j Hcst (spmb bfmfspv sjfb wkG hf v¢jXb YfVfsk) k]fv zbcnvB jvf smfseƒ …dyk bq. ƒmfm Hcst dhbf WpCsk bfmfp iVfst ˆhQ mcÙÁflDvfW kf ufbsk bf ifvst, zk}iv bfmfp swN jvfv iv ufbf sost mcÙÁflDslv bfmfp ðÝ. zhwA ƒmfmsj sn bfmfp icbvfq iVskƒ rsh. (mcm} 4/339, dthfmf} 99ix}) mrfbhD � hstb, ªstfsjvf skfmfslv ƒmfmdk jsv; nckvfQ kfvf pdl dEjHfsh iVfq kfrst kf skfmfslv ubA ˆhQ kfslv ubAW. (zKGf{, skfmfslv bfmfp rsq pfsh ˆhQ kfslvW.) i[f§Àsv kfvf pdl Hct iVfq kfrst skfmfslv (bfmfp ðÝ) rsq pfsh ˆhQ Wslv (bfmfp ðÝ) rsh bf.« (zf}, hc}, dm} 1133bQ) ˆjlf rpvk …mfv zidhÛ zh²¿fq Hcst stfsjslv ƒmfmdk jvstb. zk}iv dkdb dbsu bfmfp dIdvsq iVstb zfv stfsjvf iVt bf. (bfzf} 3/147) bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq ƒmfm pdl ufbsk ifsv sp, sn bfifsj zfsY zKhf kfv WpC sHsÌ sosY, dj§Â tÏfq sn bfmfp kAfo bf jsv isV swN jsv kfrstW mcÙÁflDslv bfmfp ðÝ. zhwA ƒmfsmv bfmfp hfdkt ˆhQ kfv ubA susbðsb bfifsj bfmfp iVf rfvfm. i[f§Àsv mcÙÁflD pdl ufbsk ifsv sp, ƒmfm bfifj zh²¿fq bfmfp iVfs¤Yb, kfrst kfvW bfmfp hfdkt. (mcm} 4/340) htf hfùtA, ƒmfm srfj yfsr mcÙÁflD bfmfp iVsk iVsk jfsvf WpC bó rsq sost zKhf bfifsj zfsY msb iVst sn bfj Lsv bfmfp sYsV shv rsq zfnsh.


237

bhD mchfwXdwv � hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv sj… bfmfsp shWpC rsq pfq, kJb sn spb bfj Lsv bfmfp kAfo jsv shdvsq zfsn.« (zflf} 1114bQ) bfj Lsv shdvsq zfnfv iÇyfsk drjmk ˆƒ sp, pfsk stfsjvf msb jsv, kfv bfj dlsq rqskf vÙÁ zfnsY. zfv ˆef dmKAf bq; hvQ ˆde ˆj iajfv Yl¹jmG, pf kfv ubA ShL jvf rsqsY. pfsk sn stfsjslvsj tÏf jvst wqkfb kfsj bfmfp sYsV shdvsq zfnsk hfLf bf slq.

� ƒmfsmv ƒmfmdk jvfq sjfb nmnAf slJf dlstƒmfsmv ƒmfmdk jvfq sjfb nmnAf slJf dlstƒmfsmv ƒmfmdk jvfq sjfb nmnAf slJf dlstƒmfsmv ƒmfmdk jvfq sjfb nmnAf slJf dlst ƒmfmdk jvsk jvsk ƒmfsmv sjfb iadkháj hf nmnAf nxdó rst; spmb WpC bó rsq sost, zKhf WpC sbƒ hf Ivp sofnt hfjD zfsY msb iVst, zKhf zÎfb rsq pfWqfv zfwËf rst, zKhf otfv zfWqfp há rsq sost, zKhf bfj sKsj vÙÁ iVst, zKhf ianafh-ifqJfbfv sho shnfmft rsq …Est, ƒmfm k{[Bf{ ˆjub …ipcÙÁ mcÙÁflDsj ƒmfm hfdbsq bfj Lsv mndul kAfo jvshb. bfmfp iVfv iV ƒmfm jfisV bfifjD slJst njstv bfmfp ðÝ rsq pfsh. bfmfp iVsk iVsk slJst pdl kf snƒ zh²¿fskƒ lCv jvf n©Hh rq skf …Ùm. bsy{ bfmfp kAfo jsv shdvsq ˆsn jfiV idhÛ jvf uv¢vD. (mcm} 4/343) bfmfp iVsk l]fdVsq rpvk …mfv -sj JÓvfOfk jvf rst dkdb rpvk zfècv vrmfb dhb zfWIsj zfso hfdVsq ƒmfmdk jvsk ƒdÌk jvst dkdb rfîfHfsh bfmfp idVsq swN jvstb. (hc} 3700bQ) ˆjlf bfmfp iVsk iVsk rpvk zftD -ˆv bfj dlsq vÙÁ iVf ðv¢ rst dkdb ˆjubsj kfv rfk Lsv zfso hfdVsq dlsq dbsu shdvsq ˆstb. (ncbfb nf„l dhb mfbnCv, dInc} …lGc 156ix}) sjfb mnhCj (pfv lc-ˆj vfjzfk Ycse sosY ˆmb mcÙÁflD)sjW ƒmfmdk jvsk zfso hfdVsq slWqf ƒmfsmv ubA ShL. snƒ nmq sjfb zmcÙÁflD (kJbW ufmfzfsk wfdmt rqdb ˆmb) stfjsjW ƒmfm jvf pfq. ˆ s[sÛ sn ƒmfsmv kvkDh zbcpfqD bfmfp iVsh. mcÙÁflDslv bfmfp swN rsq sost kfvf hsn kfv nftfm dIvfv zsi[f jvsh. (zKGf{, kfv zbcnvsB dbLGfdvk vfjzfk zsi[f shwD iVsh bf.) zk}iv sn kfv hfjD bfmfp iCBG jsv nftfm dIvst mcÙÁflDvfW kfv nfsK nftfm dIvsh. (Iƒ} 1/273, zfƒ} 245-251ix}) ƒmfm pdl jf…sj bfsqh jvsk ncspfo bf ifb, kfrst …ipcÙÁ ˆjub mcÙÁflDv zoanv rsq ƒmfmdk jsv bfmfp n©iâ jvf jkGhA. zhwA ˆW ShL sp, ƒmfm bfmfp kAfo jvst mcÙÁflDvf dbsu dbsu ˆjfjD bfmfp n©iâ jvsh. spmb rpvk mczfdhqfsj ƒmfmdk jvf zh²¿fq zfÛÁmB jvf rst stfsjvf dbsu dbsu bfmfp swN jsvdYt. (mcm} 4/341, dInc} …lGc 156ix})


238

� ƒmfsmv wvmofr sJftf slJstƒmfsmv wvmofr sJftf slJstƒmfsmv wvmofr sJftf slJstƒmfsmv wvmofr sJftf slJst bfmfp iVsk iVsk mcÙÁflD ƒmfsmv wvmofr sJftf slJst yci sKsj k]fv ƒdÙÁlf jsv pfWqf ShL bq. jfvB, sn ufsb sp, wvmofr shv rsq sost bfmfp hfdkt rsq pfq. zfv pfv bfmfp hfdkt, kfv ƒdÙÁlf jvf ShL bq. zkˆh uv¢vD rt, bfmfp sYsV ƒmfmsj sn dhNsq nkjG jvf. (ƒhsb hfp, mfkfrfzf} 26ix})

� ƒmfm nCvf Hct iVstƒmfm nCvf Hct iVstƒmfm nCvf Hct iVstƒmfm nCvf Hct iVst ƒmfm nCvf Hct iVst nQswfLb jvf, sjfb zfqfk Hcst sYsV dlst kf Ldvsq slWqf mcÙÁflDv jkGhA. `bfmfspv msLA pf jvf ShL' dwsvfbfsm ˆ dhNsq zfstfdyk rsqsY sp, ƒmfm nCvf Ifdkrfq Hct jvst kf Ldvsq hf nQswfLb jsv slWqf mcÙÁflDv ubA Wqfsuh. ˆ YfVf zbAfbA nCvf Hct iVstW msb jdvsq slWqf dhsLq. ƒmfm nCvf Ifdkrfv iv zbA nCvf ifE jvfv nmq sjfb zfqfsk dosq zfesj sost ˆhQ mcÙÁflDslv jfsvf sn nCvf mcJ²¿ bf Kfjst hf sj… Ldvsq bf dlst dkdb lcsqv msLA ˆj jvsk ifsvb; (jsqj zfqfk iVf rsq Kfjst) dkdb ƒ¤Yf jvst kjhDv dlsq v¢jCsk yst spsk ifsvb. bkchf (dhswN jsv dj¶vfzfskv ðv¢sk rst) zbA nCvf hf nCvfv jkj zfqfk ifE jsv v¢jCsk spsk ifsvb. i[f§Àsv nCvf Ifdkrf iVsk iVsk zfesj sost kfsj sp sjfb iajfsv n©iCBG isV swN jvskƒ rsh. bsy{ bfmfpƒ rsh bf. (mfkfrfzf} 26ix}) mcÙÁflD sj… rfsIp bf Kfjst sjfb tìf bfmfsp rfsIp ƒmfsmv Hct Ldvsq slWqfv ubA sjfb mcÙÁflDv mcnrfI dbsq bfmfsp slsJ pfWqf iasqfusb ShL. (I…} 1/365) ƒmfm Hct jsv bfmfspv sjfb v¢jXb hf vfjzfk kAfo jvst mcÙÁflD `nchrfbfïfr' hst nkjG jvsh. vfjzfk shwD jvst kfsk k]fv zbcnvB jvsh bf. (mh} 15/87) hvQ knhDr hst k]fsj hsn spsk ƒdÌk jvsh. i[f§Àsv ƒmfm iaKm kfwfrùslv ShEj sYsV Hcst …sE iVst mcÙÁflDW k]fv nfsK …sE pfsh. ˆ s[sÛ hfvhfv knhDr isV k]fsj hnsk hfLA jvsh bf ˆhQ ƒmfmW hnsk hfLA rshb bf. (ˆ hAfifsv dh²Àfdvk hBGbf `nù dnulfv' hBGbfq zfnsh.) nkjGkfv dhNq sp, mcÙÁflDslv mfsU Hct hcUfv ncspfo nxdó rsh hstƒ j¶fvD ƒmfsmv …dyk bq, bfmfspv dHksv iaydtk dj¶vfzfk YfVf zbAfbA dhvt dj¶vfzfsk nCvf iVf. jfvB, bfmfspv dHksv ˆjfdLj dbqsm dj¶vfzfk iVf dhlzfk. (mcdh} 317ix})


239

ˆjjjƒƒƒ bbbfffmmmfffppp lllcc cƒƒƒhhhfffvvv iiiVVVfff pppfffqqq dddjjj???

ˆjƒ bfmfp lcƒhfv iVf dbdNÝ. mrfbhD � hstb, ªˆjƒ bfmfpsj ˆjƒ dlsb lcƒhfv isVf bf.« (zflf} 579bQ) ˆjlf dkdb ˆj nfrfhDsj Iusvv isv bfmfp iVsk slsJ htstb, ªˆde zfhfv sjfbX bfmfp? (Iusvv bfmfp dj lcƒhfv?)« (zf}, zflf} 1267, dk}, ƒmf} 1154, ƒJc}, ƒdr})

dj§Â pdl sj… sjfb zncdhLfv jfvsB hfnfq bfmfp isV dbsq mndusl ˆsn slsJ sp, kJbW ufmfzfk ytsY, kfrst ufmfzfskv IpDtk ifWqfv zfwfq, ˆj ufmfzfsk (mndusl) bfmfp iVfv iv däkDq ufmfzfsk (mndusl) sjfb jfsuv Jfdksv dosq ufmfzfk ytsY slJst zdLj nWqfshv zfwfq, ƒmfm zkA§À slvD jsv bfmfp iVst zfWqft zsÙÁ bfmfp isV sbWqfv iv icbvfq ‰ ƒmfsmv ufmfzfsk ˆhQ ˆ njt s[sÛ bIstv dbqsk W shbfmfpD hf ufmfzfkkAfoD rWqfv zihfl zisbflb jvfv …sÜswA ˆjƒ bfmfp däkDqhfv iVf …Ùm. zbcv™i sjfb nfLfvB mnduslv ƒmfm swaôkv mndusl (mfrfk¹AiCBG 4 mnduslv sjfb ˆjdesk) bfmfp iVfv iv dbsuv mndusl ƒmfmdk jvfv ubA, zKhf ˆjfjD bfmfpDsj ufmfzfskv nWqfh zuGb jvfhfv …sÜswAW isV sbWqf bfmfp bIstv dbqsk icbvfq iVf pfq. ˆjlf mndusl JfƒsI dkdb Iusvv bfmfsp nftfm dIsv slJstb, mnduslv ˆj iafs§À lcƒ hAdÙÁ�ufmfzfsk bfmfp isV db. jfvB duÎfnf jvst kfvf Hsq j]fisk j]fisk htt, `zfmvf zfmfslv hfnfq bfmfp isV dbsqdY.' dkdb htstb,�ªˆmbde zfv jsvf bf. hvQ pJb skfmfslv sj… dbu hfnfq bfmfp isV sbq, zk}iv (mndusl ˆsn) slsJ sp, ƒmfm bfmfp isV db, kJb sn spb (däkDqhfv) k]fv nfsK bfmfp isV. zfv ˆ bfmfp kfv ubA bIt rsh.« (zflf} 575, dk} 219, bf}, dm} 1152, nuf} 667bQ) nfrfhD dmrufb ˆj mudtsn zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv nfsK hsndYstb. ƒdkmsLA zfpfb (ƒjfmk) rst zfïfrv vnCt � …sE sostb. dkdb bfmfp isV ˆsn slJstb, dmrufb k]fv snƒ mudtsnƒ hsn zfsYb. zfïfrv vnCt � k]fsj htstb, ªstfsjslv nfsK bfmfp iVsk skfmfsj djsn hfLf dlt? kcdm dj mcndtm bW?« dmrufb htstb, `zhwAƒ, sr zfïfrv vnCt! ksh zfdm zfmfv Osv bfmfp isV dbsqdY.' ˆ jKf ðsb zfïfrv vnCt � k]fsj htstb, ªkcdm bfmfp iVfv iv pJb mndusl zfn ˆhQ bfmfspv ufmfzfk ðv¢ rq, kJb kcdmW stfsjslv nfsK bfmfp isV bfW; pdlW kcdm iCshG sn bfmfp isV dbsq Kfj.« (mf}, bf}, dm}, dnn} 1337bQ) ˆjlf mrfbhD � zfhC pfvG -sj htstb, ªskfmfv zh²¿f dj rsh, pJb ˆmb ˆmb zfmDv rsh, pfvf bfmfp smsv sItsh zKhf pKfnmq sKsj slvD jsv iVsh?« zfhC pfvG


240

htstb, `zfidb zfmfsj dj zfslw jsvb?' dkdb htstb, ªkcdm pKfnmsq bfmfp isV bfW. zk}iv pdl snƒ bfmfp kfslv nfsK ifW, kfrst kf zfhfv isV bfW; ˆef skfmfv ubA bIt rsh.« (mc}, zflf}, dm} 600bQ) mczfp dhb ufhft mrfbhD � ˆv nfsK k]fv mndusl (bhhDsk) bfmfp iVskb. zk}iv dbu sofsÛ�dIsv�ˆsn�‰�bfmfspvƒ ƒmfmdk jvskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1150 bQ) mrfbhD � ˆjlf ˆj hAdÙÁsj�ˆjfjD bfmfp iVsk slJst dkdb zbAfbA nfrfhDslv�…sÜswA htstb,�ªˆmb sj… dj sbƒ, sp ˆv nfsK bfmfp isV ˆsj (ufmfzfskv nWqfh) lfb jsv?« ˆ jKf wcsb ˆj hAdÙÁ�…sE kfv nfsK bfmfp iVt. (zflf} 574, dk}, dm} 1146 bQ) zKy sn mrfbhD � ˆv nfsK ‰ bfmfp iCshG isVdYt. lcde bfmfspv msLA sjfbX bfmfpde bIt rsh sn dhNsq rpvk zfècïfr dhb …mfv -sj duÎfnf jvf rt sp, `…Hq bfmfspv msLA sjfbXde zfmfv (Ivp) bfmfp oBA jvh?' …Ùsv dkdb hstdYstb, `ˆ ˆJdkqfv dj skfmfv zfsY? ˆ ˆJdkqfv zfsY ˆjmfÛ zfïfr zfpXpf ufïfvƒ. dkdb …Hsqv msLA spdesj ƒ¤Yf Ivpv™si oBA jvshb.' (mf}, dm} 1156bQ) zhwA iCshGfÙÁ zsbj hBGbfq ±ió zfsY sp, swsNv bfmfpefƒ bIt oBA rsh.

ƒƒƒmmmfffsssmmmvvv kkkjjjhhhDDDvvv sssiii]] ] ]] ] ZZZYYYfffsssbbbfff ƒmfsmv zfWqfu [DB rst zKhf ufmfzfk hV rst ƒmfsmv kjhDv njt mcnïD ipG§À si]ZsY slWqfv ts[A mcÙÁflDv …¤yösv kjhDv htf ShL. ˆjlf mrfbhD � znc²¿ rsq iVst dkdb hsn hsn bfmfp isVb. k]fv zfWqfu dYt [DB. rpvk zfhC hfjXv k]fv kjhDv ðsb kjhDv htdYstb ˆhQ stfsjvf zfhC hfjXsvv kjhDv ðsb kjhDv htdYt. (hc} 712-713, mc}) mcÙÁflDslv msLA sp mchfsïo dbhGfdyk rsh sn ƒmfsmv kjhDv htfv ivƒ kjhDv htsh. k]fv zfso-zfso hf nfsK-nfsK htsh bf. ƒmfm `nfdmzfïfù dtmfb rfdmlfr' htst mchfsïo `vfêfbf ztfjft rfmXl' htsh. iajfw Kfsj sp, mchfsïo rt iasqfusbv s[sÛ. ziasqfusb zKGf{ spJfsb njt bfmfpD ƒmfsmv kjhDv ðbsk ifq snJfsb mchfsïsov kjhDv iVf OxdBk dhlzfk. (dInc} zfvfhD 1/216, mcmck¶fnf} 62ix}, mcdh} 94ix}) mfƒj p§Ã mcndtmslv ubA ˆj hV sbqfmk. zfWqfusj lCsv W sufsv si]ZYfsbfv ubA kfv zhlfb dhvfe. zfv ˆde zfpfb, ƒjfmk, sJfkhf W bfmfspv ubA hAhrfv jvf dhlzfk bq. spmb dhlzfk bq dhwft ubnHf W ƒuskmfq kfv mfLAsm hÙÁxkf W Wqfp-bnDrk jvf. htf hfùtA, spJfsb mfƒsjv mfLAsm njt mcÙÁflD ƒmfsmv kjhDsvv wè zbfqfsn ðbsk ifsv snJfsb mchfsïsov iasqfub sbƒ. zfv spJfsb mfƒj hAhrfv jvf dhlzfk bq snJfsb dhwft ufmfzfsk 50ef hf kfvW shwD nQJAj


241

mchfsïo svsJ bfmfp iVf zspZdÙÁj W zdkvÓb. ˆv Ist ƒmfsmv zfWqfu swN jfkfsv si]ZYsk si]ZYsk ˆmb rq sp, ƒmfm pJb dnulf sKsj mfKf kcstb, swsNv jfkfsvv mcnïDvf kJb v¢jC sKsj mfKf skfst! Ist ufmfzfskv mfsU dhvfe dhwx£Jtf idvtd[k rq. (mcdh} 25, 334ix}) zfÇyspGv dhNq sp, …ÙÁ iajfv ƒuskmfq Wqfp-bnDrk mfƒsj rq, dj§Â bfmfp rq dhbf mfƒsj. rqskf hf W]slv dbje iaKmef dhlzfk bq ˆhQ däkDqde dhlzfk! dj ufdb ˆ sjfbX dhyfv?

ˆjjj bbbfffmmmfffppp iiiVVVfffvvv iiivvv zzziiivvv bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv uuubbbAAA zzzsssiii[[[fff jjjvvvfffvvv IIIpppDDDtttkkk

zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA snƒ hAdÙÁ bfmfspv zh²¿fskƒ Kfsj pk[B bfmfp kfsj (zbAfbA jmG rsk) zfesj vfsJ. kfsj bfmfp hAkDk zbA djYc kfv idvhfsvv dbje dIsv spsk hfLf slq bf.« (hcJfvD 659bQ, mcndtm 649bQ) hcJfvD wvDsIv ˆj hBGbfq ˆv™i ˆsnsY, ªskfmfslv msLA snƒ hAdÙÁ bfmfspƒ Kfsj pk[B bfmfp kfsj zfesj vfsJ. (zfofmD bfmfp iVfv ubA zsi[f jsv mnduslƒ hsn Kfsj.) zfv snƒ nmq dIdvñfhoG htsk Kfsjb, `sr zfïfr! Wsj [mf jsv lfW. sr zfïfr! Wv iadk nlq rW.' (ˆƒ lczf kk[B ipG§À ytsk Kfsj) pk[B ipG§À bf sn bfmfspv ²¿fb kAfo jsvsY zKhf kfv Wpc bó rsqsY.« (hc} 3229bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªbfmfspv iv zfv ˆj bfmfspv ubA zsi[mfB hAdÙÁ snƒ zw¶fsvfrDv nmkctA sp kfv zw¶nr zfïfrv isK wÛ¢v dhv¢sÝ dhÛÁsmv nfsK nlf ia²Âk; sp Kfsj hxr{ iadkv[fv jfsu.« (zfrml, k¶fhfvfbDv zfWnfk¶, nrDr kfvoDh 447bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªbfmfspv ubA hsn iakD[fvk hAdÙÁ bfmfspv l×fqmfb hAdÙÁv mk. kfv bfm bfmfsp mwoct hAdÙÁslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ Kfsj -kfv öoxr sKsj shv rWqf rsk icbvfq oxsr dIsv pfWqf ipG§À.« (ƒhsb drêfb, zfrml, iamcJ, nrDr kfvoDh 451bQ)


242

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp ucmzfv bfmfp iaskAj nfhftj Îfb-n©iâ icv¢sNv ubA ufmfzfk nrjfsv Ivp. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

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zKGf{, sr „mfblfvoB! pJb ucmzfv dlb bfmfspv ubA zfrhfb jvf rsh, kJb skfmvf nk¶v zfïfrv ±mvsBv ubA …id²¿k rW ˆhQ ÛÁq-dhÛÁq huGb jv. ˆdeƒ skfmfslv ubA jtAfBjv, pdl skfmvf …itdé jv. (jc} 62/9) mrfbhD � hstb, ªlcdbqfsk zfmfslv zfnfv nmq njt ufdkv isv. dj§Â djqfmskv dlb zfmvf njstv zoahkGD. (njstv zfso zfmfslv drnfh-dbjfw rsh.) zhwA zfmfslv iCshG Wslvsj (ƒqfùlD W bfnfvfsj) djkfh slWqf rsqsY. zfmvf djkfh sisqdY Wslv isv. ˆƒ (ucmzfv) dlsbv kf'pDm Wslv …iv Ivp jvf rsqdYt. dj§Â Wvf kfsk mksHl jsv hnt. i[f§Àsv zfïfr zfmfslvsj kfsk ˆjmk rWqfv kWIDj lfb jsvsYb. nckvfQ njt mfbcN zfmfslv sKsj iÇyfsk. ƒqfùlD zfofmD dlb (wdbhfv)sj kf'pDm jsv (ucmzfv dlb hst mfsb) ˆhQ bfnfvf jsv kfv isvv dlb (vdhhfv)sj.« (hc}, mc}, dm}) mrfbhD � hstb, ªiaskAj nfhftj icv¢sNv ubA ucmzfq …id²¿k rWqf Wqfsuh.« (bf} 1371bQ) rpvk ƒhsb mn…l jkxGj hdBGk, bhD � hstb, ªzfdm ƒ¤Yf jsvdY sp, ˆj hAdÙÁsj stfsjslv ƒmfmdk jvsk zfslw jsv ‰ swaBDv stfsjslv Ov-hfdV icdVsq dlƒ, pfvf ucmzfsk zbcid²¿k Kfsj.« (mcndtm 652bQ, rfsjm) rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf W ƒhsb …mfv jkxGj hdBGk, k]fvf wcsbsYb, zfïfrv vnCt � k]fv dmìsvv jfsEv …iv hstsYb sp, ªjkj n©ialfq kfslv ucmzfr kAfo jvf rsk zdk zhwAƒ dhvk srfj, bkchf zfïfr kfslv z§Àsv zhwAƒ smfrv smsv slshb. zk}iv kfvf zhwAƒ zhsrtfjfvDslv z§ÀHcGÙÁ rsq pfsh.« (mc} 865 bQ, ƒmf}) rpvk zfhct uf'l pfmvD rsk hdBGk, bhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ dhbf Wusv dkbde ucmzfr kAfo jvsh sn hAdÙÁ mcbfdIj.« (ƒJc}, ƒdr}, nkf} 726bQ) rpvk ufshv dhb zfècïfr jkxGj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, ˆjlf bhD � ucmzfv dlb JfVf rsq Jckhf lfbjfst htstb, ªn©Hhk} ˆmbW stfj zfsY, pfv dbje ucmzfr …id²¿k rq; zKy sn mlDbf sKsj mfÛ ˆj mfƒt lCsv Kfsj ˆhQ ucmzfq rfdpv rq


243

bf.« däkDq hfsv dkdb htstb, ªn©Hhk} ˆmb stfjW zfsY pfv dbje ucmzfr …id²¿k rq; zKy sn mlDbf sKsj mfÛ lcƒ mfƒt lCsv Kfsj ˆhQ ucmzfq rfduv rq bf.« zk}iv kxkDqhfsv dkdb htstb, ªn©Hhk} ˆmb stfjW zfsY sp mlDbf sKsj mfÛ dkb mfƒt lCsv Kfsj ˆhQ ucmzfq rfduv rq bf kfv r™lsq zfïfr smfrv smsv slb.« (zfhC qAf'tf, nkf} 731bQ) rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ iviv 3 de ucmzfr kAfo jvt, sn zhwAƒ ƒntfmsj dbsuv diYsb sIst dlt.« (‰, nkf}732bQ)

uuucc cmmmzzzfffrrr pppfffssslllvvv ………iiivvv IIIvvvppp bbbqqq

1-2-3. mdrtf, dwð W znc²¿ hAdÙÁ. bhD mchfwXdwv � hstb, ªiaskAj mcndtsmv ubA ufmfzfk nrjfsv ucmzfr Ivp. zhwA 4 hAdÙÁv ubA Ivp bq; ÛÁDklfn, mdrtf, dwð W znc²¿.« (zflf} 1067bQ) 4. sp hAdÙÁ (wÛ¢, n©il dhbó, nIsvv nÌD Ycse pfWqfv) Hsq, zKhf hxdó, jflf hf zkA§À wDk hf oaDs°mv jfvsB mndusl …id²¿k rsk z[m. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ mczfpXdpsbv (zfpfb) swfsb ˆhQ sjfb Wuv (Hq zKhf zncJ) kfsj ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rsk hfLf bf slq, kfrst sp bfmfp sn isV, kfv sn bfmfp jhct rq bf.« (zflf} 551bQ) ˆjlf ƒhsb zfêfn ˆj hxdómq ucmzfv dlsb k]fv mczfpdpbsj htstb, `kcdm pJb zfwrflc zfâf mcrf©mflcv vfnCtcïfr' htsh kJb ht, `skfmvf skfmfslv Osv bfmfp isV bfW.' ˆ jKf ðsb stfsjvf spb zfidÙjv msbfHfh hAÙÁ jvt. dj§Â dkdb htstb, `ˆv™i dkdb jsvsYb dpdb zfmfv sKsj swaô. zKGf{, zfïfrv vnCt � ˆv™i jsvsYb. zfv zfdmW skfmfslvsj ˆƒ jflf W diYt ufqofv mfsU shv rWqfsj ziY¦l jvtfm.' (hc} 901, mc} 699bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, pfvf lCsvv mfsE zKhf uÌst zKhf nmcsû jfu jsv ˆhQ zfpfb ðbsk ifq bf, kfYfVf jfu sYsV wrv hf oafsm zfnfW n©Hh bq, kfslv ubA ucmzfr Ivp bq. (Iƒ} 1/414, I…} 1/399)

5. mcnfdIv } mrfbhD � ucmzfv dlb nIsv Kfjst, ucmzfv bfmfp bf isV spfrsvv bfmfp iVskb. dhlfqD rsÏv nmq dkdb zfvfIfsk zh²¿fbjfst ucmzfv bfmfp isVbdb. hvQ spfrv W zfnsvv bfmfpsj zdoam umf jsv isVdYstb. zbcv™i zfmt dYt JctfIfsq vfswlDb slvW. …ipGcÙÁ hAdÙÁhsoGv ubA ucmzfv bfmfp Ivp bq. dj§Â spfrsvv bfmfp zhwAƒ Ivp.


244

iv§Â pdl kfvfW ucmzfv mndusl …id²¿k rsq ufmfzfsk ucmzfr isV sbq, kfrst kf ShL. ˆ s[sÛ kfslv ucmzfr rsq pfsh ˆhQ spfrsvv bfmfp mfI rsq pfsh. ˆjfdLj rflDn ˆ jKf iamfB jsv sp, mrfbhD � ˆhQ JctfIfsq vfswlDb slv pcso mdrtfvf ucmzfr W ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rsq bfmfp zflfq jvk. …sïJA sp, sjfb mcnfdIv ucmzfr Jckhf dlst W ƒmfmdk jvst kf ðÝ rsq pfsh. (mcm} 5/23) ucmzfv ufmfzfsk sjfb mcnfdIv spfrsvv jnv zflfq jvfv dbqk jvsk ifsv bf. jfvB, spfrv zsi[f ucmzfv IpDtk zsbj shwD. (mcm} 4/574)

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv nnnmmmqqq zdLjfQw nfrfhf, kfsh„b W ƒmfmosBv dbje ucmzfv nmq spfrsvv nmq ˆjƒ. zKGf{, nCpG Ttfv iv sKsj dbsq iaskAj h²Âv Yfqf kfv nmidvmfB rWqf (zfnsvv zfso) ipG§À. rpvk zfbfn hstb, `bhD � ucmzfr kJb iVskb, pJb nCpG idÇym zfjfsw Tst spk.' (zf}, hc}, zflf}, dk}, hf}) ƒmfm hcJfvD hstb, `ucmzfv nmq nCpG Ttfv ivƒ ðv¢ rq. rpvk …mfv, zftD, bc'mfb dhb hfwDv ˆhQ zfmXv dhb ùqfƒdvN jkGxj ˆ hAfifsv hBGbf ifWqf pfq.' (hc}) rpvk nftfmfr dhb zfjWqf' hstb, `zfmvf pJb bhD �-ˆv nfsK ucmzfv bfmfp isV Osv dIvkfm, kJb slWqfstv sjfb Yfqf Kfjk bf.' (hc}, mc}, zflf}) rpvk zfbfn hstb, `Efàf Jch shwD rst bhD � ucmzfv bfmfp njft njft iVskb ˆhQ ovm Jch shwD rst slvD jsv iVskb.' (hc}) zhwA nCpG Ttfv iCshGW ucmzfr iVf ShL. (dh²Àfdvk ûóhA zfbf} 22-25ix}) ksh nCpG Ttfv ivƒ ucmzfrv (Jckhfv) zfpfb rWqf …Ùm. jfvB, iaKmk} ˆsk zdLjfQw …tfmfv nfsK nrmk iajfw rq. däkDqk} pfvf ucmzfq rfduv rq bf ˆhQ nmsqv Jhv bf svsJ zfpfb ðsb bfmfp iVsk zHAfnD (Wpvoa²À W mdrtfvf) nmq rWqfv iCshGƒ bfmfp isV sIst bf. (dthfmf} 5/34) iajfw Kfsj sp, njft njft mndusl dosq kfdrqAfkct mndul nr zbAfbA bIt iVf nCpG dEj mfKfv …isv Kfjfv nmsq rstW kf dbsNsLv zfWkfHcÙÁ bq. (‰)

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv uuubbbAAA dddbbbmmm´´ ´kkkmmm bbbfffmmmfffpppDDD nnnQQQJJJAAAfff ucmzfv bfmfp spsrkc ufmfzfk nrjfsv Ivp, snsrkc sp jq ub stfj dbsq ufmfzfk rsh, sn jq ub stfj dbsq ucmzfrW iadkdôk rsh. dj§Â kfv ubA dbdlGó stfj nQJAf rflDn sKsj iamfdBk bq.


245

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv ²²²¿¿ ¿ fffbbb

ucmzfr spmb wrvhfnDv ubA Ivp, skmdb Ivp oafmhfnDv ubAW. ˆv ubA JtDIf rWqf, wrv rWqf, ufsm mndul rWqf hf 40 ub bfmfpD rWqf wkG bq. hvQ spJfsbƒ ²¿fbDq ²¿fqD hnhfnjfvD ufmfzfk ifWqf pfsh, snJfsbƒ ucmzfr Ivp. (mh} 22/75, Iƒ} 1/424) rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `bhD �-ˆv mndusl ucmzfr iadkdôk rWqfv iv ƒntfsm nhGiaKm sp ucmzfr iadkdôk rq, kf rt hfrvfƒsbv ucqfNf bfmj ˆj oafsm.' (hc} 892, 4371, zflf} 1068bQ) rpvk ƒhsb …mfv mÄf mcjfvGfmf W mlDbf bhdhqfv mLAhkGD isK zhd²¿k sYfe sYfe ubisl ucmzfr iadkdôk rsk t[A jvskb. dkdb kfsk sjfb zfidÙ ufbfskb bf. (zfvf}) rpvk …mfv hstb, `skfmvf spJfsbƒ Kfj, snJfsbƒ ucmzfr iV.' (zfvf}, kfdm} 332ix}) i[f§Àsv ifVf-oafsm ucmzfr rsh bf hst rpvk zftD jkGxj sp rflDn hBGbf jvf rq, kf nrDr bq. (mh} 16/352-354, 22/75) sjfb zmcndtm slsw iVfswfbf hf yfjvD jvsk dosq snJfsb mndul bf Kfjst hf psKó nQJAj mcndtm bf KfjstW 3 usbƒ sp sjfb v¢sm ucmzfr jfsqm rsh. (mh} 15/85) ˆjƒ hV oafm hf wrsv dh¤Yâkf nxdóv …sÜswA bq, hvQ mndul nQjDBG rWqfv jfvsB, zKhf lCv rWqfv jfvsB, zKhf dIkbf nxdó rWqfv zfwËfq iasqfusb ˆjfdLj mndusl ucmzfr jfsqm jvf pfq. (mh} 18/111, 19/165-166) sjfb mndusl ucmzfr iVfv ubA dbmGfsBv nmq ‰ dbqk wkG bq. zdÙÁqfv™si dbmGfsBv iv iasqfusb snJfsb ucmzfr iVf pfq. (mh} 18/110)

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv zzzfffpppfffbbb mrfbhD �, rpvk zfhC hfjXv W rpvk …mfv -ˆv pfmfbfq ucmzfv mfÛ 1de zfpfbƒ iaydtk dYt. zfv ˆ zfpfb slWqf rk, pJb ƒmfm Jckhfr slWqfv ubA dmìsv ysV hnskb kJb mnduslv lvufv nfmsb …]yc ufqofq l]fdVsq. ˆƒv™i zfpfb yftc dYt rpvk zfhC hfjXv, …mfsvv sJtfIk jft ipG§À. zk}iv rpvk …nmfb mlDbfv hfdV-Ov lCsv lCsv ˆhQ ubnQJAf shwD slsJ …ÙÁ zfpfsbv iCshG zfsvf ˆjde zdkdvÙÁ zfpfb yftc jvstb. pfsk stfsjvf iChG sKsjƒ ia²Âdk dbsq ucmzfv Jckhfr


246

ðbsk iaKm sKsjƒ …id²¿k rq. zfv ˆƒ zfpfb slWqf rk hfufsv pfWvf bfmj ˆjde …]yc Osvv Yfsl. ˆ zfpfb ðsb stfsjvf ucmzfrv nmq …id²¿k rsqsY hst ufbsk ifvk. ˆƒHfsh ‰ zfpfb iaydtk Kfjt. ˆsk sj… k]fv iadkhfl hf nmfstfybf jvt bf. zKy dmbfq (2 vfjzfskv ufqofq) 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVfv jfvsB stfsjvf k]fv nmfstfybf jsvdYt. (hc}, nczf}, zfbf} 8-9ix}) htfƒ hfùtA sp, sp jfu ˆjub JtDIfsq vfswl jsvsYb kf dhlzfk rsk ifsv bf. dhswN jsv mrfbhD �-ˆv dhsvfdLkf sbƒ spJfsb snJfsb nfrfhDv ƒudkrfl W zfmt zfmfslv ubAW ncâk. sjbbf, mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sp zfmfv isv uDdhk Kfjsh, sn hù mksHl slJsk ifsh. zkˆh skfmvf zfmfv ncâfr (iK W zflwG) ˆhQ zfmfv ivhkGD nciKiafå�JctfIfsq vfswlDsbv ncâfr zhtìb jsvf. kf lxPHfsh LfvB jsvf, l]fsk jfmsV Lsvf. zfv�äDsb bhvdyk jmG sKsj nfhLfb sKsjf. jfvB iaskAj bhvdyk�(äDbD) jmGƒ rt `dhlzfk'. zfv iaskAj dhlzfkƒ rt ëókf.«�(zf}, zflf} 4607, dk} 2815 bQ, ƒmf}, dm} 165bQ) (mh} 15/75) zkˆh pdl zbcv™i iasqfub shfL jsv mfsE-Ofse W zdIsn-hfufsv nhGnfLfvBsj ucmzfv ubA ia²Âk rWqfv jKf ufbfsbf ˆjf§À uv¢vD rsqƒ Kfsj, kfrst kxkDq JtDIfv sn ncâk hAhrfv jvsk zfmfslv hfLf sjfKfq? i[f§Àsv dhlzfk W hfLf rt, ˆjƒ …sÜswA ˆv idvhskG zbA djYc hAhrfv jvf. spmb, mfƒsj ucmzfv nmq hst slWqf, WpC-sofnt snsv mndusl zfnsk zbcsvfL jvf, nCvf ucmzfv swN 3de zfqfk ifE jvf, out iVf, sht hf O¦ef hfufsbf ƒkAfdl. (Iƒ} 1/411, 421) zhwA ˆƒ zfpfb dlsk rsh Jckhfv zfpfsbv nmsqv psKó iCshG. bsy{, zfpfsbv iaLfb …sÜwAƒ hfdkt rsq pfsh. spmb 5 hf 10 dmdbe zfso rst kfsk skmb djYc tfH idvtd[k rsh bf. z§Àk}is[ zfLf sKsj ˆj O¦ef zfso rst kshƒ …sÜwA nIt rsh. …sïJA sp, ucmzfv dlb (Jckhfv zfso däkDq) zfpfb rWqfv iv shyf-sjbf (zbcv™i nIv jvf) rfvfm rsq pfq. jfvB, mrfb zfïfrv zfslw rt, ªsr „mfblfvoB! pJb ucmzfv dlb bfmfspv ubA zfrhfb jvf rsh, kJb skfmvf nk¶v zfïfrv ±mvsBv ubA …id²¿k rW ˆhQ ÛÁq-dhÛÁq huGb jv. ˆdeƒ skfmfslv ubA jtAfBjv, pdl skfmvf …itdé jv.« (jc} 62/9) däkDq zfpfb (mfƒsj rstW) slWqf …dyk mnduslv nfmsb sjfb …]yc ufqofq. ˆ zfpfb mnduslv dHksv dmìsvv nfmsb slWqf dhlzfk. (zfbf} 14-19ix})


247

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv JJJcc ckkkhhhfffvvv zzzfffrrrjjjfffmmm

ucmzfv Jckhfv lcde zQw. iaKm zQwde iaKm Jckhfr ˆhQ swN zQwde däkDq Jckhf bfsm iadnÝ. Jckhfr mfsb rt HfNB hf hÙÁxkf. ˆƒ HfNB slWqf W swfbfv hù dbqm-bDdk zfsY. pfv djYc dbmv™i }- Jckhfv ubA WpC rWqf wkG bq. ksh Jckhfv isvƒ spsrkc bfmfp, kfƒ Wpc Kfjf hfÒbDq. Jckhf ytfjfst JkDshv WpC bó rst Jckhfv iv dkdb WpC jvshb ˆhQ sn ipG§À stfsjvf zsi[f jvsh. (IfkfWqf bCv¢b zftflX lfhG, ƒhsb …NfƒmDb 1/208) Jckhf idvshdwk rsh làfqmfb zh²¿fq. dhbf Wusv hsn ucmzfv Jckhf nrDr bq. mrfbhD � Jckhfq l]fVfhfv nmq tfdE zKhf Lbcsjv …iv Hv dlsq l]fVfskb. (zflf} 1096bQ) zhwA zsbsj hstb, ˆ dYt smìv hfbfsbfv iCshG. zïfù zf'tfm. mrfbhD �-ˆv zdLjfQw nmsq mfKfq ifoVD hAhrfv jvskb. nckvfQ pfvf ifoVD hAhrfv jsv bf kfslv dhswN jsv ucmzfr hf Jckhfv ubA ifoVD hAhrfv jvf dhlzfk. (zfbf} 67ix}) ucmzfv Jckhf rsh sjfb …]yc ufqofq l]fdVsq. pfsk njt bfmfpDsj JkDh slJsk ifb ˆhQ k]fsj njst slJsk ifq. ˆ s[sÛ 2 Kfdj hf 3 Kfdj zKhf kfv sysq shwD Kfdjv sjfb iaw sbƒ. zfnt …sÜwA rt …]yc ufqof. zk}iv snƒ …]yc ufqofq si]ZYsbfv ubA pkef dndVv lvjfv kkef jvf pfsh. ˆsk hfLAkfmCtj sjfb bDdk sbƒ. ðv¢sk mrfbhD � ˆjde sJucv ofsYv …iv Jckhf dlskb. kfviv ˆj Ycskfv nfrfhD k]fsj ˆjde dmìv hfdbsq dlsqdYstb; pfv dndV dYt 2de. (zflf} 1081bQ) ˆƒ lcƒ dndV ysV kxkDq (swN) Lfsi mrfbhD � hnskb. htf hfùtA, k]fv dmìv dYt dkb Lfidhdwó. zfv ˆefƒ rt ncâk. (Ihf} 2/331) (ˆhQ jvsk rq msb jsv) kfv shwD Lfi jvf dhlzfk. (zfbf} 67ix}) dhswN jsv ucmzfv ubA ucmzfv dlb dmìsvv …iv jfsiGe dhYfsbf dhlzfk. (zfbf} 66ix}) dmìsv ysV mrfbhD � mcnïDslv …sÜswA nftfm dlskb. (ƒmf} 1109, dnn} 2076bQ) ˆviv hsn spskb. mczfpdpb zfpfb swN jvst …sE l]fVfskb. zfïfrv vnCt � l]fdVsq Jckhf dlskb. dkdb Jckhfq jcvzfsbv zfqfk ifE jsv stfsjslvsj bnDrk jvskb. (mc}, zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}) Jckhfr rsh mrfb zfïfrv iawQnf, mrfbhDv bhczskv nf[A, zfïfrv kfWrDslv Èv¢k¶, „mfb W ƒntfsmv wfJf-iawfJfv zfstfybf, rftft W rfvfsmv dhdHâ zfrjfm,


248

jcvzfb mfuDslv djYc nCvf hf zfqfk ifE, stfsjslv ubA …islw, zfslw-dbsNL hf Wqfp-bnDrk ˆhQ mcndtm nhGnfLfvsBv ubA lczf nìdtk. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp Jckhfq kfwfrùl, wfrflk hf zfïfrv kfWrDslv W vnCstv dvnftskv nf[A Kfsj bf, kf jfef rfskv mk (E]csef).« (zflf} 4841, nuf} 4520bQ) k]fv Jckhfv HCdmjfq mrfbhD � pf ifE jvskb kf h[AmfB ic²Àsjv (iaKm Jsàv) HCdmjfq …sïJ jvf rsqsY. ‰ Jckhf ifE jvfv iv dkdb `zf©mf hf'l' (zk}iv) htskb. jJsbf jJsbf mrfbhD ‰ Jckhfq …sïdJk zfqfk 3de ifE jvskb bf. jJsbf jJsbf zf©mf hf'slv iv htskb,

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zKGf{, zk}iv dbÇyqƒ nhGswaô hfBD zfïfrv oa§¿. nhGswaô srlfqfk mcrf©mfl �-ˆv srlfqfk. zfv nhGdbjxó jmG rt bhvdyk jmG. iaskAj bhvdyk jmGƒ dhlzfk. iaskAj dhlzfkƒ ëókf ˆhQ iaskAj ëókf slfpsJ. (kfdm} 334-335ix}) dkdb Jckhfq nCvf j¶fI ˆk shwD ifE jvskb sp, …s©m drwfm (vf}) iafq ucmzfsk zfïfrv vnCt �-sj dmìsvv …isv ifE jvsk ðsb kf mcJ²¿ jsv sIstdYstb. (zf}, mc} 872-873bQ, zflf}, bf}) kfviv ˆjde Jckhf dlsq ˆjec hnskb. ˆ ShEsj iEbDq sjfb lczf hf dpjXv sbƒ. JkDh hf mcÙÁflD njstv ubAƒ ˆ nmsq nCvf ƒJtfn ifE jvf dhlzfk. (mcdh} 122ix}) mrfbhD � hsn sjfb jKf htskb bf. zk}iv …sE däkDq Jckhf dlskb. (hc}, mc}, zflf} 1092, 1095bQ) ˆƒ nmq (lcƒ Jckhfv mfsU) jfsvf lczf jvf ˆhQ kfv ubA rfk skftf dhsLq bq. (zfbf} 70ix}) k]fv …Hq Jckhfskƒ bnDrk rk. nckvfQ ˆjde Jckhfsk sjht dj¶vfzfk ˆhQ ziv Jckhfsk sjht bnDrk, zKhf ˆjde Jckhfsk bnDrk ˆhQ zivdesk sjht lczf jvf ndEj bq. (zfbf} 71ix}) Jckhf rsh nQs[i zKy hAfij dhNqdHdÙj. mrfbhD �-ˆv Jckhf ˆhQ bfmfp mfUfmfdU Lvsbv rk. (mc} 866, zf} 1101, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}) dkdb htskb, ª(JkDh) mfbcsNv bfmfp tìf ˆhQ Jckhf nQd[å rWqf kfv äDbD Îfb Kfjfv idvyq. nckvfQ skfmvf bfmfpsj tìf ˆhQ Jckhfsj nQs[i jv.« (zf}, mc} 869bQ) rpvk zf©mfv dhb ƒqfdnv hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � zfmfslvsj Jckhf sYfe jvsk zfslw dlsqsYb.' (zflf} 1106bQ) ucmzfv Jckhfv ubA dhswN ia²Âdk sbWqf ˆhQ …¤yösv iaHfhwftD W r™lqoafrD HfNf


249

hAhrfv jsv idvshswv hkGmfb sia[fie W idvd²¿dk nfmsb svsJ HfNB lfb jvf JkDshv jkGhA. mrfbhD � pJb Jckhf dlskb, kJb k]fv syfJ tft rsq spk, k]fv j÷öv …]yc rk ˆhQ k]fv sÛÁfL shsV spk; spb dkdb stfsjslvsj ˆmb ˆj snbfhfdrbD n©isjG nkjG jvsYb, pf zfuƒ náAf zKhf njfst kfslvsj ˆsn zfÛÁmB jvsh. (mc}, ƒmf}) ofb ofWqfv mk ncv jsv Jckhf slWqf dhsLq bq, hvQ kf dhlzfk. (zfbf} 72ix}) JkDshv …dyk, Jckhfq lchGt W uft rflDn hAhrfv bf jvf. iaskAj Jckhf ia²Âk jvfv nmq Y]fjf W oshNBfté jKf shsY sbWqf …dyk. ucmzfr hfnvDq Jckhfv msLA JkDh mcndtm ubnfLfvBsj nrDr zfjDlfr dw[f slshb, jcnQõfv dbmGCt jvshb, dhlzfk zbciashw jvfv hAfifsv W kf huGb jvsk zfrhfb ufbfshb. n¤ydvÛkf W dwófyfdvkf dw[f slshb. ƒntfsmv dhv¢sÝ njt iajfv ns¦lsrv dbvnb Oefshb. mfduGk HfNfq W HdÌmfq hfdkt mkhfl W hÙÁxkf-stJbDv Jàb jvshb. ƒntfmD ëfkxk¶shfsLv W ‰sjAv …iv dhswN sufv dlsq kfv Èv¢k¶ Icdesq kctshb HfNsBv mfLAsm. …äcÝ jvshb mprfh, HfNf, hBG W hQw dHdÙj njt iajfv zá i[ifdkk¶ W kvIlfvD huGb jvsk. dmìv mcndtm ubnfLfvsBv. ˆ dmìvsj dhswN sjfb vfuSbdkj lstv ubA hAhrfv jvf pfsh bf. sjfb lstvƒ iakA[ hf isvf[Hfsh kvIlfvD jvf pfsh bf ˆsk ysV. JkDh nfsrh nfLfvBHfsh njtsj bnDrk jvshb. dkdb rshb njstv jfsY waÝfv ifÛ. zhwA ƒntfm-dhsvfLD sjfb jKf hf jfsu dkdb jfsvf skfNfml jvshb bf. htf hfùtA, mndul zfïfrv Ov. ˆef sjfb mfbhvdyk vfubDdkv zfJVf bq. ˆJfsb äDb …]yc jvfv jKf YfVf zbA lt hf hAdÙÁok öfsKGv jKf zfstfdyk rsh bf. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

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zKGf{, zfv zhwAƒ mndulnmCr zfïfrv. nckvfQ zfïfrv nsÌ�zfv jf…sj zfrhfb jsvf bf. (jc} 72/18) Jckhflfsb dhdHâ …it[A nfmsb vfJshb JkDh. smZnm zbcifsk Jckhfv dhNqh²Â idvhkGb jvshb. hfsvf y]fslv Jckhfv mk h]fLf-Lvf Jckhf ifE jsvƒ lfq nfvf jsv jkGhA iftb jvshb bf. nåfrfs§À ˆjhfv ˆƒ hÙÁxkf ˆjde nchBG ncspfo äDsbv zfrhfqsjv ubA. spsrkc ˆƒ dlsb bfmfpD-shbfmfpD, zfmDv-ovDh, mcdmb-mcbfdIj ˆhQ zsbj nmq mcndtm bfmLfvD bfd²ÀjW sjfb öfsKGv Jfdksv …id²¿k rsq Kfsj. nckvfQ ˆƒ ncspfsov näAhrfv jsv njstv jfsY zfïfrv dhLfb si]ZsY slWqf JkDshv jkGhA. Jckhfq rfk kcst lczf dhsLq bq. (zfbf} 72ix}) hvQ ˆƒ nmq sjht kuGbDv ƒwfvfq lczf jvf dhsLq. JkDhsj rfk kcst lczf jvsk slsJ hù ntI hÜczf jvskb.


250

dhwXv dhb mfvWqfbsj Jckhfq rfk kcst lczf jvsk slsJ …mfvfr dhb v¢qfƒhfr htstb, `‰ rfk lcdesj zfïfr dhjxk jv¢b.' (mc} 874, zflf} 1104bQ) mfnv¢j hstb, `(ucmzfv dlb ƒmfm-mcÙÁflD dmst pfvf rfk kcst lczf jsv) zfïfr kfslv rfk sjse dbb.' (ƒzfwf} 5491 W 5493 bQ) dhsLq bq mcÙÁflDslv rfk kcst lczf. (zfbf} 73ix}) hvQ ƒmfm Jckhfq (rfk bf kcst) lczf jvst, mcÙÁflD rfk bf kcstƒ ˆjfjD dbm´ösv hf ycsi-ycsi `zfmDb' htsh. (Iƒ} 1/427, 428) r]Af, Jckhfq hxdó iafKGbf hf hxdó há jvfv ubA lczf jvfv nmq ƒmfm-mcÙÁflD njst rfk kcst ƒmfm lczf jvshb ˆhQ mcÙÁflDvf `zfmDb-zfmDb' htsh. (hc} 932, 933, 1013, 1029, mc} 897bQ) sjfb uv¢vD jfvsB Jckhf kAfo jsv iasqfub snsv icbvfq Jckhf iCBG jvf JkDshv ubA ShL. ˆjlf mrfbhD � Jckhf dld¤Ystb. ˆmb nmq rpvk rfnfb W ùnfƒb isV-…sE k]fv nfmsb zfnsk tfost dkdb dmìv sKsj dbsy sbsm k]fslvsj …isv kcst dbstb. zk}iv dkdb htstb, ªzfïfr kfzftf nkAƒ hstsYb,

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251

ucmzfv dlb bfmfpD mndusl ˆsn spJfsb ufqof ifsh snJfsb hsn pfsh. slvD jsv ˆsn (nfmsbv jfkfsv I]fj KfjstW) jfkfv dysv nfmsb pfWqf ˆhQ kfsk zbAfbA bfmfpDslvsj jó slWqf ShL bq. rpvk zfècïfr dhb hcnXv jkxGj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, sjfb ˆj ucmzfv dlsb ˆj hAdÙÁ stfsjslv jfkfv dysv (mnduslv dHkv) ˆt. sn nmq bhD � Jckhf dld¤Ystb. kfsj slsJ bhD � htstb, ªhsn pfW, kcdm shw jó dlsqY ˆhQ slvD jsvW ˆsnY.« (zf}, zflf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, nkf} 713 bQ) Jckhf ytfjfst mndusl …id²¿k hAdÙÁv ubA bfmfp dbdNÝ. dj§Â ˆƒ nmsq sj… mndusl iashw jvst kfv ubA rfîf jsv 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVf dhsLq. spmb jf…sj bfmfp bf isV hnsk slJst JkDshv …dyk kfsj ‰ bfmfp iVsk zfslw jvf. Jckhf swfbf Wqfsuh rstW ˆ bfmfspv Èv¢k¶ dlsqsYb sJfl mrfbhD �. ˆjlf Jckhf ytfjfst ˆj hAdÙÁ mndusl iashw jsv hsn iVst dkdb kfsj htstb, ªkcdm bfmfp isVY dj?« stfjef htt, bf. dkdb htstb, ªWE ˆhQ rfîf jsv 2 vfjzfk isV bfW.« (hc} 930, mc}, zflf} 1115-1116, dk} 510bQ) zk}iv dkdb njstv ubA dyv²¿fqD ˆjde dhLfb slWqfv …sÜswA stfsjslvsj nsìfLb jsv htstb, ªskfmfslv sj… pJb ƒmfsmv Jckhf slWqf jftDb nmsq …id²¿k rq, sn spb (nQs[si) 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV sbq.« (hc}, 1170, mc} 875, zflf} 1117bQ) ˆjlf rpvk zfhC nf„l JclvD mndul iashw jvstb. kJb mfvWqfb Jckhf dld¤Ystb. dkdb bfmfp iVsk ðv¢ jvst iarvDvf k]fsj hnsk zfslw jvt. dj§Â dkdb kfslv jKf bf ðsbƒ bfmfp swN jvstb. bfmfp swsN stfsjvf kfsj htt, zfïfr zfibfsj vrm jv¢b. ˆ[db Wvf sp zfibfv zimfb jvk. …Ùsv dkdb htstb, zfdm sn bfmfp YfVh sjb, sp bfmfp iVsk bhD �-sj zfslw jvsk slsJdY. (dk} 511bQ) htf hfùtA, Jckhf ðv¢ rst tft hfdk su¶st slWqf, zKhf jf…sj ‰ 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVsk slsJ syfJ tft jvf, zKhf kfv ufmf Lsv efb slWqf, zKhf sJfl JkDh nfsrshv mfbf jvf ncâfr-dhsvfLD kKf dhlzfk jfu. ucmzfv zfpfsbv nmq mndusl ˆst l]fdVsq sKsj zfpfsbv …Ùv bf dlsq, kfdrqAfkct mfndul isV Jckhf swfbfv ubA hsn pfWqf hfÒbDq. (Iƒ} 1/335, 349) iajfw Kfsj sp, zfpfsbv …Ùv slWqf mc²Àfrfh. (kfdm} 340ix}) zfv Jckhf swfbf Wqfsuh. nckvfQ zfpfsbv nmq ifv jsv Jckhf ðv¢ rst bfmfp iVf ShL bq. i[f§Àsv kfdrqAfkct mfndul Wqfsuh bf rstW ‰ nmq mrfbhD �-ˆv mrf zfslw iftb jvf uv¢vD. ƒmfsmv dlsj syrfvf jsv hnf mc²Àfrfh. rpvk zfècïfr dhb mfn†l hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � pJb dmìsv yVskb, kJb zfmvf zfmfslv syrfvf k]fv dlsj dIdvsq


252

hnkfm.` (dk} 509bQ) idvLfsb tcdÌ hf tcdÌufkDq ˆj jfiV isv Jckhf ytfjfst hnfv nmq …Hq r]fecsj JfVf jsv vfsbv nfsK tfdosq …Hq if-sj lcƒ rfk äfvf udVsq Lsv zKhf jfiV äfvf sh]sL hnf ShL bq. (zflf} 1110, dk} 514bQ) jfvB, ˆsk wvmofr iajfw ifWqfv, yeX jsv Ocm yst zfnfv ˆhQ kfsk isV pfWqfv zfwËf Kfsj kfƒ. Jckhf swfbf Wqfsuh. zfv ˆ nmq njt iajfv jKfhfkGf, nftfm W nftfsmv …Ùv, r]fdyv rfmXslv uhfh, ˆmbdj zfidÙjv jfsu hfLf slWqfW dbdNÝ. rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf rsk hdBGk, bhD � hstb, ªucmzfv dlb ƒmfsmv Jckhf lfbjfst jKf htst kcdm zbKG jmG jvst ˆhQ (ucmzfr) hfdkt jvst.« (ƒJc}, nkf} 716 bQ) …ÙÁ rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf jkxGj hdBGk, bhD � hstb, ªucmzfv dlb ƒmfsmv Jckhf slWqfv nmq pdl kcdm skfmfv (jKf htsY ˆmb) nÌDsj `yci jv' ht kfrst kcdmW znfv jmG jvsh.« (hc} 934, mc} 851bQ, nczf}, ƒJc}) `znfv hf zbKGj jmG jvsh' ˆv ˆjfdLj hAfJAf jvf rsqsY; spmb, kcdm ucmzfv nWqfh sKsj hdÑk rsh. zKhf skfmfvW jKf htf rsh. zKhf kcdmW Hct jvsh. zKhf skfmfv ucmzfr hfdkt rsq pfsh. zKhf skfmfv ucmzfr spfrsv idvBk rsq pfsh -ƒkAfdl. ksh dhswNÎ …tfmfslv dbje swsNfÙÁ hAfJAfƒ dbHGvspfoA. jfvB, ˆv™i hAfJAf dbs©bfÙÁ rflDsn hdBGk rsqsY. zfècïfr dhb zfmXv dhb zfn jkxGj hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv dlb sofnt jvt, kfv ²ÃDv ncodá (zfkv) Kfjst kf hAhrfv jvt, …Ùm sthfn idvLfb jvt, zk}iv (mndusl ˆsn) stfsjslv jfkfv dysv (zfso zdkÛÁm) jvt bf ˆhQ ƒmfsmv …islw lfbjfst sjfb hfsu jmG jvt bf, sn hAdÙÁv ubA kf …Hq ucmzfv mLAhkDG jxk ifsiv jfIXIfvf rsq pfsh. zfv sp hAdÙÁ zbKGj jmG jvt ˆhQ stfsjslv jfkfv dysv nfmsb zdkÛÁm jvt sn hAdÙÁv ucmzfr spfrsv idvBk rsq pfsh.« (zflf}, ƒJc}, nkf} 720bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªucmzfv dlb 3 swaBDv mfbcN (mndusl) …id²¿k rq. iaKm swaBDv mfbcN …id²¿k rsq hfsu jKf hst; kfv snefƒ rt iafiA. däkDq swaBDv mfbcN …id²¿k rsq lczf jsv; zfv sn ˆmb stfj, sp zfïfrv jfsY lczf jsv, zfïfr kfv lczf jhct jsvb zKhf bf jsvb. zfv kxkDq swaBDv mfbcN …id²¿k rsq yci W dbhGfj Kfsj, sjfb mcndtsmv j]fL dFdMsq (jfkfv dysv) zfso pfq bf ˆhQ jf…sj sjfb iajfv jó slq bf. ˆƒ swaBDv mfbcsNv ubA kfv ‰ jfsuv Ist kfv ‰ ucmzfr sKsj zfofmD ucmzfr ipG§À hvQ zdkdvÙÁ 3 dlsb (zKGf{, 10 dlsb) jxk sofbfrv jfIXIfvf rsh. sjbbf zfïfr zfpXpf zufïX hstb, )�2��xC��2$�2'(w9L�� )�,/C( (zKGf{, sp hAdÙÁ ˆjde

nWqfshv jfu jvsh, sn kfv 10 ÈB nWqfh tfH jvsh.)« (zf}, zflf} 1113bQ)


253

zftjfmfr dhb zfècïfrv nfsK k]fv ˆj nfKD Jckhf ytfjfst jKf htdYt. dkdb kfsj yci jvsk htstb. bfmfspv iv ƒhsb …mfv -ˆv jfsY ˆ jKf …sïJ jvf rst dkdb htstb, `skfmfv skf ucmzfrƒ rqdb. zfv skfmfv nfKD rt ˆjef ofLf.' (ƒzfwf} 5303bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, ƒmfm dmìsvv …iv hsn Kfjf zh²¿fq, zKGf{ Jckhf há Kfjf zh²¿fq jKf htf zShL bq. (dInc} …lcG 173ix}) spmb ƒmfsmv Jckhf ðv¢ bf jvf ipG§À (iasqfubDq) jKfhfkGf (ˆmbdj zfpfsbv nmqW) htf ShL. Nf'tfhfr dhb zfhD mfstj jcvfpD hstb, rpvk …mfv W …nmfsbv pcso ƒmfm shv rst zfmvf bfmfp kAfo jvkfm ˆhQ ƒmfm Jckhf ðv¢ jvst zfmvf jKf htf kAfo jvkfm. (ƒzfwf}, kfdm} 340ix}) Jckhf ytf zh²¿fq sj… mndul ˆst mndusl iashw jvfv zfso vf²Àfq Jckhf ðbsk sist vf²ÀfskW jfsvf nsÌ jKf htfW ShL bq. ShL bq Jckhf ytf zh²¿fq rfsk sjfb djYc dbsq Iftkc sJtf jvf. spmb dmnWqfj jvf, knhDr-mftf (?) dbsq sJtf jvf, mnduslv smsU, j]fjv hf jcsef ±iwG jsv sJtf jvf ƒkAfdl. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv ucmzfv …sÜswA (mndusl) …id²¿k rq. zk}iv msbfspfo nrjfsv (Jckhfr) wahB jsv W bDvh Kfsj snƒ hAdÙÁv ‰ ucmzfr sKsj dl¶kDq ucmzfrv mLAhkDGjfst nQOdek ˆhQ zdkdvÙÁ dkb dlsbv ifi mfI jsv slWqf rq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ (Jckhf ytfjfst) j]fjv ±iwG jsv sn znfv (Hct) jfu jsv.« (mc} 857 bQ, zflf} 1050, dk}, ƒmf}) Jckhf ytfjfst k¦ûf (Tct) ˆst ufqof idvhkGb jsv hnf dhsLq. ˆsk k¦ûf lCvDHCk rsq pfq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… mndusl hsn Tctst sn spb kfv hnfv ufqof idvhkGb jsv zbA ufqofq hsn.« (zflf} 1119 bQ, dk}, nuf} 809bQ) jf…sj kfv ufqof sKsj …dEsq snJfsb hnf, sj… sjfb jfvsB ufqof sYsV …sE sost ˆhQ sn dIsv zfnsh LfvBf rWqf nsÙ¶W kfv snƒ ufqofq hnf ShL bq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv sj… dbu ufqof sYsV …sE pfq ˆhQ iv[sB sn dIsv zfsn, kfrst snƒ ‰ ufqofv zdLj rjlfv.« (zf}, mc}) rpvk ƒhsb …mfv sj… kfv ufqof sYsV …sE sost sn ufqofq hnskb bf. (zf}, mc}) dj§Â Jckhf ðbsk ðbsk Ocm ˆst (jKf bf hst) ƒdÌsk ifswv nfKDv nfsK ufqof hlt jvf …Ùm. spsrkc mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv sj… ucmzfv dlb Tctsk ðv¢ jsv, kJb kfv …dyk kfv nÌDv ufqofq dosq hnf ˆhQ kfv nÌDv …dyk kfv ‰ ufqofq hnf.« (hf}, nuf} 812bQ) ÎfkhA sp, ƒmfsmv jstmf zKhf lv™l iVfv nfsK nfsK mcnïDslv nmösv nwsè kf iVf dhlzfk. (mck¶fnf} 265ix}) iajfw Kfsj sp, dhswN jsv ucmzfr hf „slv bfmfsp zkA§À dH]sVv Ist pdl


254

dnulfr jvfv ufqof bf ifWqf pfq, kfrstW ufmfzfsk bfmfp iVsk rsh. zfv ˆƒ zh²¿fq nfmsbv bfmfpDv disE dnulf jvsk rsh. ƒhsb …mfv hstb, `bhD � zfmfslv jfsY dnulfv nCvf iVskb. zk}iv dnulfq ufqofq dkdb dnulfr jvskb ˆhQ zfmvfW dnulfr jvkfm. ˆmbdj dH]sVv Ist zfmfslv sj… dnulfr jvfv mk ufqof bf sist zisvv (disEv) …isv dnulfr jvkfm.' (hc} 1076bQ) rpvk …mfv hstb, disEv …iv …iv dnulfr jvsk rsh. ˆƒ mk oarB jsvsYb jcIfhfnDoB, ƒmfm zfrmfl ˆhQ ƒnrfj. i[f§Àsv zfk¶f W pcrvD hstb, nfmsbv stfsjv …Ef ipG§À zsi[f jsv sn …sE sost kfviv dnulfr jvsh. zfv ˆmk oarB jsvsYb ƒmfm mfstj W zdLjfQw …tfmfoB. (dj§Â ˆv Ist ƒmfsmv dhsvfdLkf rsh.) ƒmfm hcJfvDv dtJfv HdÌsk hcUf pfq sp, dkdb msb jsvb, ˆƒ zh²¿fq bfmfpD dbu nfmKGA zbcpfqD dnulfr jvsh. ˆmbdj dbu Hfsqv disE dnulfr jvsk rst kfW jvsh. (Ihf} 2/652) zhwA (mfndulct rfvfmfƒsb) nfmsb mdrtf iVst dnulfr bf jsv ˆjec U]csj hf ƒwfvfq bfmfp zflfq jvsh.

²²²¿¿ ¿ fffbbbDDDqqq HHHfffNNNfffqqq JJJcc ckkkhhhfff ucmzfv umfsqk mcndtmslv ˆjde iadw[B s[Û. nfåfdrj ˆƒ iadw[sB mcndtsmv dhn¹xk jKf ±mvB rq, ytfv isK zájfsv zfstfv dlwf ifq, nc¦lv ydvÛ W hAhrfv oVsk nrfqkf ifq, „mfb bhfqb rq, r™lq bvm rq, mxkcA W ivjfstv ±mvB rq, kWhf jvsk zbciafdBk rq, Hfstf jfu jvsk ˆhQ Jfvfi jfu huGb jvsk …{nfr ifq, ƒkAfdl. kfƒ Jckhfv HCdmjf zfvhDsk rWqfv iv ²¿fbDq HfNfq hfjD Jckhf ifE ShL. spsrkc Jckhfv zfnt …sÜwA rt ubnfLfvBsj wvDqskv dw[f W …islw lfb jvf. zfv kf zfvhDsk rst …sÜwA dhIt rq. nckvfQ sp Jckhf zfvhDsk rk kfvƒ HfhfKG ²¿fbDq HfNfq rst mcndtmslvsj nåfrfs§À ˆjhfv …islw W iKdbslGwbf lfb jvfv mk mrfb …sÜwA nfdLk rq. i[f§Àsv Jckhf bfmfspv mk bq. bfmfsp zbA HfNf htst bfmfp hfdkt. dj§Â Jckhf kf bq. spmb Jckhf sYsV zbA jKf htf pfq, bfmfsp kf pfq bf. ƒkAfdl. (û} Iƒ} 1/422-423, mh} 15/84) i[f§Àsv Jckhfv zfso ²¿fbDq HfNfq Jckhf slWqf dhsLq bq. jfvB, …ifq KfjskW Fht Jckhf rsq pfq kfsk. dFófhG rq bfmfp, sktfzk W dpjXvvk mcnïDslv. (mh} 17/71-72) …sïJA sp, sjfb ²¿fsbv ufmfzfsk Jckhf slWqfv mk sjfb stfj bf Kfjfv Ist pdl Jckhf slWqf bf rq, kfrst snƒ ufmfzfskv stfj ucmzfr bf isV spfrv iVsh. (ƒzfwf} 5269-5276bQ û}) ÎfkhA sp, dpdb Jckhf slshb k]fvƒ bfmfp iVf uv¢vD bq. pdlW ncâk rt JkDshvƒ


255

ƒmfmdk jvf. (Iƒ} 1/410, 413)

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp WWW kkkfffvvv nnncc câââkkkDDD dddjjj¶¶ ¶vvvfffzzzfffkkk

ucmzfv bfmfp Ivp 2 vfjzfk. ˆsk dj¶vfzfk rsh survD. ˆ bfmfsp nCvf Ifdkrfv iv sp sjfb nCvf hf zfqfk pKfdbqsm iVf pfq. khcW ncâk rt, iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf ucmzfr (n©iCBG) ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf mcbfdIjCb (n©iCBG) ifE jvf. (zf}, mc}, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}) zKhf iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf ucmzfr (n©iCBG) ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf ofdwqfr ifE jvf. (zf}, mc}, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}) zKhf iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf zf'tf ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf ofdwqfr ifE jvf. (zf}, mc}, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf})

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv vvvfffjjjzzzfffkkk YYYcc cssseee sssooosssttt

jfsvf ucmzfv ˆj vfjzfk Ycse sost hfjD zfv ˆj vfjzfk ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv …sE isV dbst kfv ucmzfr rsq pfsh. zbcv™i sj… däkDq vfjzfskv v¢jC sistW ‰ vfjzfk ˆhQ kfv nfsK zfv ˆj vfjzfk iVst kfvW ucmzfr rsq pfsh. dj§Â pdl sj… däkDq vfjzfskv v¢jC sKsj ƒmfsmv mfKf skftfv iv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rq, kfrst sn ucmzfv bfmfp ifsh bf. ˆƒ zh²¿fq kfsj spfrsvv 4 vfjzfk zflfsqv dbqsk ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv 4 vfjzfk Ivp iVsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/418, 421) spmb ufmfzfk Ycse sost ucmzfW Ycse pfsh. ˆ s[sÛW ˆjfjD spfrv iVsk rsh. jfvB ufmfzfk YfVf ucmzfr rq bf. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp ifq, sn spb ziv ˆj vfjzfk isV sbq.« (ƒmf}, rf}, ƒo} 622, nuf} 5991bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp ifq, sn bfmfp sisq pfq.« (hc} 579, mc} 607, dk} 524bQ) ˆv dhivDk zKG ˆƒ l]fVfq sp, ªsp hAdÙÁ ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp ifq bf, sn bfmfp ifq bf.« ˆ ubAƒ ƒmfm dkvdmpD …ÙÁ rflDsnv eDjfq hstsYb, `ˆ rflDnde rfnfb nrDr. bhD �-ˆv zdLjfQw nfrfhf W zbAfbA zfrst ƒtmoB ˆ rflDsnv …iv zfmt jsvsYb. k]fvf hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv ˆj vfjzfk sisq pfq, sn hAdÙÁ spb zfv ˆj vfjzfk isV sbq. dj§Â sp (däkDq vfjzfskv kfwfrùslv) ShEj zh²¿fq ufmfzfk ifq, sn spb spfrsvv 4 vfjzfk isV sbq.« ˆ mk oarB jsvsYb ncIXqAfb nWvD, ƒhbct mchfvj, wfsIqD, zfrmfl ˆhQ ƒnrfj (v}).' ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv ˆj vfjzfk sisq pfq, sn hAdÙÁ spb zfv ˆj vfjzfk isV sbq. dj§Â sp (däkDq vfjzfskv) v¢jC bf ifq, sn spb


256

spfrsvv 4 vfjzfk isV sbq.« (ƒzfwf}, k¶fh}, hf}, ƒo} 621bQ) ƒhsb …mfv hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv ˆj vfjzfk sisq pfq, sn hAdÙÁ spb zfv ˆj vfjzfk isV sbq. dj§Â sp (däkDq vfjzfskv) kfwfrùl ifq, sn spb spfrsvv 4 vfjzfk isV sbq.« (hf}, ƒo} 621) sjfb sjfb hBGbfq kfwfrùl sist bfmfp sisq pfWqfv jKf htf rsqsY. zfv kfv mfsb rt ufmfzfskv nWqfh sisq pfWqf. (ƒo} 3/82) iajfw Kfsj sp, ucmzfv Jckhf bf ðbstW; hvQ 1 vfjzfk bfmfp bf sistW ucmzfr rsq pfsh. spmb, ucmzfv Jckhf dlst zKhf ðbstW pdl bfmfspv 1 vfjzfkW bf ifq, kfrst kfsj spfrvƒ iVsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/410) …sïJA sp, ucmzfv bfmfp iVsk iVsk pdl jfsvf WpC bó rsq pfq ˆhQ WpC jsv dIsv ˆsn pdl däkDq vfjzfskv v¢jC sisq pfq, kfrst sn zfv ˆj vfjzfk isV sbsh. bsy{ dnulf hf kfwfrùl sist spfrsvv dbqsk wfdmt rsq 4 vfjzfk iVsh. klbcv™i ufmfzfk Ycse sostW spfrv iVsh. zbcv™i sjfb ƒmfm nfsrh pdl dhbf WpCsk ucmzfr idVsq bfmfspv swsN msb rq, kfrst mcÙÁflDslv bfmfp nrDr rsq pfsh. zfv ƒmfm ‰ bfmfp jfpf jvsk 4 vfjzfk spfrv iVshb. (zft-mc§Àfjf dmb IfkfWqft IfWpfb 3/68)

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv zzzfffsssooo WWW iiisssvvv nnncc câââkkk

ucmzfv Jckhfv iCshG `jfhtft ucmzfr' hst sjfb dbdlGó vfjzfk ncâk sbƒ. zkˆh bfmfpD mndusl ˆst `kfdrqAfkct mfndul' 2 vfjzfk ncâk isV hsn spsk ifsv ˆhQ lczf, lv™l knhDr-dpjXv hf sktfzk jvsk ifsv. zfhfv ƒ¤Yf rst bfmfpW iVsk ifsv. ksh ˆ bfmfp rsh bIt ˆhQ zdbdlGó nQJAfq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv dlb pKf dbqsm sofnt jsv, l]fk idv°jfv jsv, sJfwhC Kfjst kf hAhrfv jsv, kfv nhsysq nc¦lv sifwfj isv, zk}iv (mndusl) pfq, bfmfpDslv OfV dFdMsq (jfkfv dysv) zfso pfq bf, zk}iv zfïfrv ƒ¤YfbcpfqD bfmfp isV. kfviv ƒmfm …id²¿k rst bDvh W dbÇyci Kfsj ˆhQ bfmfp swN bf rWqf ipG§À sjfb jKf hst bf, sn hAdÙÁv ˆ jfu ˆƒ ucmzfr sKsj ziv ucmzfv mLAhkGDjfst jxk ifsiv jfIXIfvf rsq pfq.« (zf}, ƒmf}, rf}, nuf} 6066bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, ªiaskAj zfpfb W�ƒjfmskv mfsU bfmfp zfsY.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 662bQ) ˆƒ rflDn äfvf jfhtft ucmzfv ncâk iamfB rq bf. jfvB, dhdlk sp, ucmzfv zfpfb W ƒjfmskv mfsU Kfsj Jckhf. zfv mrfbhD �-ˆv pcso iCshGv zfv ˆjde zfpfb dYt bf. zfv ncâk iamfB rstW mczfÄflfr W dbdlGó nQJAj bq. klbcv™i ªˆmb sjfb Ivp bfmfp sbƒ, pfv iCshG 2 vfjzfk bfmfp sbƒ.« (ƒdr},


257

k¶fh}, dnn} 232, nuf} 5730bQ) ˆ rflDn äfvfW ucmzfv iCshG 2 vfjzfk ncâk iamfB rq bf. jfvB, ucmzfv Ivp bfmfspv iCshG Jckhf rq. zfv Jckhfv iCshG 2 vfjzfk bfmfp ˆ äfvf iamfdBk rq bf. (û} dnn} 232bQ) nkjGkfv dhNq sp, ƒmfsmv Jckhf ytfjfst sj… mndusl …id²¿k rst kfsj snƒ zh²¿fq rfîf jsv sp 2 vfjzfk iVsk rq, kf ncâfsk mczfÄflfr bq; hvQ kf rt kfdrqAfkct mfndul. ucmzfv isv hf hfucmzfv isv hf hfucmzfv isv hf hfucmzfv isv hf hf'lft ucmzfv lft ucmzfv lft ucmzfv lft ucmzfv 4444 zKhf zKhf zKhf zKhf 2222 vfjzfk ncâk vfjzfk ncâk vfjzfk ncâk vfjzfk ncâk }}}} ucmzfv iv mndusl ncâk iVst ˆjec nsv dosq hf jfsvf nfsK sjfb jKf htfv isv 4 vfjzfk bfmfp ncâfsk mczfÄflfr iVsk rq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv iv bfmfp isV, sn spb 4 vfjzfk isV.« (zflf}, dk}, nuf} 6499bQ) ªskfmfslv msLA sp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv bfmfp isV sn spb kfv iv 4 vfjzfk bfmfp isV.« (zf}, mc}, bf}, nuf} 640bQ) dkdb hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sp hAdÙÁ ucmzfr isV, sn spb kfv iv sjfb jKf bf htf zKhf shv rsq bf pfWqf ipG§À sjfb bfmfp bf isV.« (k¶fh},dnn} 1329bQ) rpvk ƒhsb …mfv jkGxj hdBGk, mrfbhD � ucmzfv bfmfp isV hfnfq dIsv 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb. (hc} 937bQ, mc}, nczf}) zhwA pdl sj… mndusl 2 vfjzfk isV kfW ShL. iv§Â pdl sj… 2 zKhf 4 vfjzfk hfnfq isV kfrst snefƒ …Ùm. jfvB, mrfbhD � hstb, ª Ivp bfmfp YfVf mfbcsNv swaôkm bfmfp rt kfv öoxsr iVf bfmfp.« (bf}, ƒJc}, nkf} 437bQ, kfdm} 341-342ix}) iajfw Kfsj sp, ucmzfv isv spfrsvv dbqsk 4 vfjzfk ˆrdkqfkD spfrv iVf dhlzfk. (zfbf} 74ix}, mcdh} 120, 327ix}) spmb dhlzfk vmpfsbv swN ucmzfsj ucmzfkct dhlf bfm dlsq sjfb Jfn mndusl ‰ ucmzfr iVsk pfWqf.

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv dddlllsssbbbvvv IIIpppDDDtttkkk WWW SSShhhdddwwwóóóAAA 1. ucmzfr zKGf{ umfsqk hf nmfshw W ns©mtsbv dlb. ˆde mcndtmslv nfåfdrj „l W dhswN ƒhflskv dlb. mrfbhD � hstb, ªˆƒ dlb rt „slv dlb. zfïfr mcndtmslv ubA kf dbhGfdyk jsvsYb. zkˆh sp ucmzfq zfsn, sn spb sofnt jsv ˆhQ sJfwhC Kfjst kf hAhrfv jsv. zfv skfmvf l]fkb jvfq zHAfnD rW.« (ƒmf} 1098bQ) 2. ucmzfv dlb nhfv yfƒsk swaô dlb. ˆmbdj „lct dIkXv W zfprf sKsjW swaô. 3. ˆƒ dlsb zflmsj nxdó jvf rsqsY ˆhQ shsrñX lfb jvf rsqsY. mrfbhD � hstb, ªpfv …iv nCpG …dlk rsqsY kfv msLA nhGswaô dlb rt ucmzfv dlb. ˆƒ dlsb zflmsj nxdó jvf rsqsY, ˆƒ dlsb k]fsj shsrsñ ²¿fb slWqf rsqsY


258

ˆhQ ˆƒ dlsbƒ k]fsj shv jsv slWqf rsqsY shsrñX sKsj. (ˆƒ dlsbƒ k]fv kWhf jhct jvf rsqsY, k]fv mxkcA rsqsY ˆƒ dlsbƒ. zfv djqfmk nQOdek rsh ˆƒ dlsbƒ.« (mc}, mf}, zf}, zflf}, dk}, bf}, rf}, ƒdr}, nuf} 3334bQ) dkdb hstb, ªucmzfv dlb njt dlsbv nlGfv ˆhQ zfïfrv dbje nhfv sysq mrfb dlb. ˆmbdj ˆ dlbde zfïfrv dbje zfprf W dIksvv dlb sKsjW swaô. ˆƒ dlsb vsqsY 5de dhswN ShdwóA; ˆƒ dlsb zfïfr zflmsj nxdó jsvsYb, ˆƒ dlsb k]fsj ixdKhDsk zhkfvB jsvsYb, ˆƒ dlsb k]fv ƒd§Àjft rsqsY, ˆƒ dlsb ˆmb ˆjde mcrCkG zfsY, pdl sjfb mcndtm hf¦lf sn mcrCskG zfïfrv dbje sjfb djYc ShL dudbn iafKGbf jsv, kfrst zfïfr kfsj kf dlsq Kfsjb. ˆƒ dlsb djqfmk nQOdek rsh. zfv iaskAj SbjeAiafå dIdvñf, zfjfw, ixdKhD, hfkfn, ihGk, nmcû ˆƒ dlbsj Hq jsv.« (ƒmf} 1084bQ) 4. ˆƒ dlsb mrfb zfïfr ufâfsk iaskAj nåfsr shsrñD hf¦lfoBsj lwGb slshb. rpvk zfbfn )�2�QC�9��2 و( ˆv hAfJAfq hstb, `mrfb zfïfr shsrñDslv ubA iaskAj ucmzfv dlb suAfdk°mfb rshb.' ˆƒ dlsbv zfnmfbD dIdvñfhsoGv dbje bfm rt, `qAf…mct mfpDl.' 5. ˆƒ dlsb sofbfr mfI rq. rpvk zfhc ùvfƒvf jkxGj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ nc¦lvHfsh Wpc jsv ucmzfv …sÜswA (mndusl) …id²¿k rq. zk}iv msbfspfo nrjfsv (Jckhfr) wahB jsv W bDvh Kfsj snƒ hAdÙÁv ‰ ucmzfr sKsj dl¶kDq ucmzfrv mLAhkDGjfst nQOdek ˆhQ zdkdvÙÁ dkb dlsbv ifi mfI jsv slWqf rq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ (Jckhf ytfjfst) j]fjv ±iwG jsv sn znfv (Hct) jfu jsv.« (mc} 857 bQ zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}) 6. ˆƒ dlsb ˆmb ˆjde nmq zfsY, pfsk lczf jhct rq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªucmzfv dlsb ˆmb ˆjde (nfmfbA) mcrCkG zfsY, pdl sjfb mcndtm hf¦lf bfmfp iVf zh²¿fq kf ifq ˆhQ zfïfrv dbje sjfb mÌt iafKGbf jsv, kfrst zfïfr kfsj kf dlsq Kfsjb.« (hc} 935bQ, mc}, dm} 1357bQ) ˆƒ mcrCskGv hAfifsv htf rsqsY sp, kf rt ƒmfsmv dmìsv hnf sKsj dbsq bfmfp swN rWqf ipG§À nmq. (mc}, dm} 1358bQ) zKhf kf rt zfnsvv iv sp sjfb ˆjde nmq. zhwA ˆ iansÌ zfsvf zbA nmsqv jKfW zsbsj hstsYb. (pfmf} 1/389-390) 7. ˆƒ dlsb lfb-Jqvfk jvfv nWqfh shwD. rpvk jf'h hstb, `zbAfbA njt dlb zsi[f ˆƒ dlsb nljfr jvfv nWqfh zdLj.' (pfmf}) 8. ucmzfv Iusvv bfmfp ufmfzfk nrjfsv iVfv ixKj ShdwóA zfsY. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfïfrv dbjse nh yfƒsk swaô bfmfp rt, ucmzfv dlb ufmfzfk nrjfsv Iusvv bfmfp.« (dnn} 1566bQ) 9. ˆƒ dlsb hf kfv vfsk sj… mfvf sost jhsvv zfpfh sKsj svrfƒ ifsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp mcndtm ucmzfv dlb zKhf vfsk mfvf pfq, zfïfr kfsj jhsvv dIkbf


259

sKsj hf]yfb.« (zf}, dk}, nuf} 5773)

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv dddlllsssbbb jjjvvvBBBDDDqqq

1. ucmzfv Iusvv iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf nfulfr ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf lfrv (ƒbnfb) ifE jvf. …Hq nCvf iaKm sKsj swN ipG§À ifE jvfƒ ncâk. iaskAj nCvfv djYc jsv zQw iVf ncâk bq. zhwA zbA nCvf iVf slfNfhr bq. hvQ jJsbf jJsbf ‰ lcƒ nCvf bf iVfƒ …dyk. pfsk nfLfvB mfbcN kf iVf uv¢vD msb bf jsv hsn. hvQ kf uv¢vD msb jsv iVf ˆhQ jJsbf jJsbf bf YfVf hf sj… kf bf iVst zfidÙ jvf dhlzfk. (mcdh} 281ix})

2. njft njft mndusl pfWqf. zfso zfso mndusl dosq …id²¿k rWqfv dhswN mfrfk¹A zfsY. rpvk zfhc ùvfƒvf jkxGj hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv dlb bfifjDv sofnstv mk sofnt jvt. zk}iv iaKm nmsq (mndusl dosq) …id²¿k rt, sn spb ˆj …óºD jcvhfbD jvt. sp hAdÙÁ dl¶kDq nmsq …id²¿k rt, sn spb ˆjde ofHD jcvhfbD jvt. sp hAdÙÁ kxkDq nmsq si]ZYt, sn spb ˆjde dwQ-dhdwó smN jcvhfbD jvt. sp hAdÙÁ ykcKG nmsq si]ZYt, sn spb ˆjde mcvoD lfb jvt. zfv sp hAdÙÁ iÑm nmsq si]ZYt, sn spb ˆjde dFm lfb jvt. zk}iv pJb ƒmfm (Jckhflfsbv ubA) shv rsq pfb (dmìsv ysVb), kJb dIdvñfoB (rfuvD Jfkf ocdesq) dpjXv (Jckhf) wcbsk …id²¿k rb.« (mf}, hc} 881, mc} 850, zflf}, ƒmf}, bf})

3. ucmzfv ubA ia²Âdköv™i slsrv lcoGá lCv jvf, sn ubA sofnt jvf, zfkv hAhrfv jvf } mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfr iVsk zfnsh, sn spb sofnt jsv zfsn.« (hc}, mc}) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv dlb sofnt jvsh, pKfnfLA idhÛkf zuGb jvsh, skt hAhrfv jvsh, zKhf dbu idvhfsvv ncodá dbsq hAhrfv jvsh, zk}iv (ucmzfv ubA) shv rsq (mndusl) lcƒ bfmfpDv mfsU I]fj nxdó jvsh bf (jfkfv dyvsh bf), zk}iv pkef kfv HfsoA dtJf zfsY kkef bfmfp iVsh, zk}iv ƒmfm Jckhf dlst yci Kfjsh, sn hAdÙÁv ˆƒ ucmzfr sKsj zfofmD ucmzfr ipG§À jxk ifi mfI rsq pfsh.« (hc}, dm} 1381bQ) sofnt jvf Wqfsuh bf rstW „l, ucmzfr W ufmfzfskv ubA idv¤Yâkf zhtìb


260

jvf ˆjde iaLfb jkGhA. (1) sjfb sjfb hBGbfq, ªsLZk jvfq W jsv« hf ªsofnt jvfq W jsv« wè ˆsnsY. pfsk sofnt sp kfjDliafå zfmt kf ±ió rq. zhwA ˆv zsKG zsbsj hstb, ‰ dlb ²ÃD-nrhfn jsv dbsu sofnt jsv ˆhQ ²ÃDsjW sofnt jvfq. zKhf mfKf W slr sLZk jsv idviCBG idv¤Yâkf zuGb jsv. pfvf jsv kfslv ubA vsqsY …ÙÁv™i icvõfv. 4. l]fk W mcJ idv°jfv jvf } l]fkb hf hafw jsv l]fk W mcsJv lcoGá lCvDHCk jsv sbWqf ucmzfv iCshG ˆjde jvBDq jkGhA. mrfbhD � hstb, ªiaskAj nfhftsjv ubA ucmzfv dlb sofnt jvf, dmnWqfj jvf ˆhQ pKfnfLA ncodá hAhrfv jvf jkGhA.« (mc} 846bQ) 5. nc¦lv sifwfj ivf } mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv dlb sofnt jsv, sJfwhC Kfjst kf hAhrfv jsv ˆhQ kfv nhsysq nc¦lv sifwfjde idvLfb jsv, zk}iv d²¿vkfv nfsK mndusl zfsn, zk}iv ƒ¤Yfmk bfmfp isV ˆhQ jf…sj jó slq bf, zk}iv ƒmfm shv rst bfmfp swN rWqf ipG§À dbÇyci Kfsj, sn hAdÙÁv ˆ jfu lcƒ ucmzfv mfsU jxk sofbfrv jfIXIfvf rsq pfq.« (zf}, zflf}, rf}, ƒJc}, dm} 1387bQ) ucmzfv ubA nfLfvB zfesiZsv sifwfj hf jfsuv jfiV YfVf ixKj skftf sifwfj W jfiV ivf hfÒbDq. spsrkc ucmzfv dlb mcndtmslv nmfshswv dlb. zfv ˆ dlsb nfunÏf W ncodá hAhrfv jvf hfÒbDq. pfsk zisvv jfsY sj… OxBfv ifÛ bf rsq pfq. zKhf kfv zidv¤Yâkfq sj… jó bf ifq. ˆjlf Jckhfv mfsU mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA pfslv nfmKGA zfsY kfslv idvwasmv jfiV YfVf ucmzfv ubA zbA ˆj sufVf jfiV Kfjst dj zncdhLf zfsY?« (zflf}, ƒmf} 1095-1096bQ)

6. ifsq sr]se mndusl pfWqf. ˆv ubA mpGflfW zfsY ixKj. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv dlb (mfKf) sLZk jsv W pKf dbqsm sofnt jsv, njft-njft W zfso-zfso (mndusl pfWqfv ubA) ia²Âk rq, nWqfv bf rsq ifsq sr]se (mndusl) pfq, ƒmfsmv jfYfjfdY hsn msbfspfo nrjfsv (sJfkhf) wahB jsv, ˆhQ sjfb znfv dÛÁqf-jtfi jsv bf, sn hAdÙÁv iaskAj ils[siv dhdbmsq ˆj h{nsvv sbj zfmt W kfv (nfvf hYsvv) svfpf W bfmfspv nWqfh tfH rq!« (zf}, nczf}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, rf}, nkf} 687 bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, sp hAdÙÁ ofdV jsv ucmzfr iVsk zfsn, kfv ˆ nWqfh tfH rq bf.

(1) iajfw Kfsj sp, nkAfbcnáfbD djYc …tfmfv dbje ucmzfv dlb sofnt jvf Wqfsuh. slJcb } (kfdm} 120ix} , mcm} 1/163, 5/108) nckvfQ sofnt kAfo bf jvfƒ …dyk.


261

htf hfùtA, sp hfnf sKsj 100 jlm ifsq sr]se ufsm mndusl si]ZYsh, kfv zfmt-bfmfq 100 hYsvv svfpf-bfmfspv nWqfh dtdihÝ jvf rsh; pfsk ˆjde sofbfrW Kfjsh bf. zfv kf ˆJfsbƒ swN bq. ˆƒHfsh sn iadk mfsn iafq 400 sKsj 500 ˆhQ iadk hYsv iafq 5200 hYsvv bfmfp-svfpfv nWqfh zuGb jvsh ƒbwfzfïfr. zfv ˆ rt mcndtm hf¦lfslv iadk mrfb zfïfrv dhswN zbcoar.

��(�،و�אE5ذ�وא :��V%�א (��/�C��&=�q��&�@ذ �D�V�(%�א5��( 7. nCvf jfrI ifE } rpvk zfhc nf„l JclvD rsk hdBGk, bhD hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv dlb nCvf jfrXI ifE jvsh kfv ubA lcƒ ucmzfv mLAhkGDjft suAfdkmGq rsh.« (bf}, hf}, rf}, nkf} 735 bQ) zbA hBGbfq zfsY, ªsp hAdÙÁ ucmzfv dlb nCvf jfrXI ifE jvsh kfv ubA kfv W jf'hf wvDsIv mLAhkGD suAfdkmGq rsh.« (hf}, ðzfhct „mfb, nuf} 6471bQ) …sïJA sp, ucmzfv nmq mndusl ˆƒ nCvf sktfzk jvst ˆmbHfsh sktfzk jvsk rsh, pfsk zisvv dFófhG bf rq. ÎfkhA sp, ˆ dlsb nCvf lcJfb iVfv rflDn nrDr bq. (puf} 5767, 5768bQ) spmb zfst ƒmvfb nCvf ifE jvfv rflDnde uft. (puf} 5759bQ) klbcv™i ucmzfv bfmfp isV 7 hfv nCvf Ifdkrf, ƒJtfn, Iftfj, bfn isV zpDIf jvfv rflDnäsqv 1de uft ˆhQ zivde lchGt rflDn. (puf} 5758, 5764, dnp} 4630bQ) nckvfQ ˆmb zpDIf ifE dhlzfk. (mcdh} 122, 326ix})

8. shwD shwD lv™l ifE } ucmzfv vfsk (hxr±idkhfv dlhfok vfsk) W (ucmzfv) dlsb diaqkm rfhDh mrfbhD �-ˆv wfsb zdLjfdLj lv™l ifE jvf jkGhA. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv nhGswaô dlb rt, ucmzfv dlb. ˆƒ dlsb skfmvf zfmfv iadk lv™l ifE jv. spsrkc skfmfslv lv™l zfmfv …iv siw jvf rsq Kfsj. (zflf} 1531bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªucmzfv vfsk W dlsb skfmvf zfmfv …iv shwD shwD lv™l ifE jv. zfv sp hAdÙÁ zfmfv …iv ˆjhfv lv™l ifE jvsh, sn hAdÙÁv …iv zfïfr 10 hfv vrmk hNGB jvshb.« (hf}, dnn} 1407bQ)

uuucc cmmmzzzfffvvv dddlllbbb pppfff zzzSSShhhLLL

� Jfn ucmzfv vfsk bfmfp W dlsb svfpf } mrfbhD � hstb, ªzbAfbA dlb Kfjsk ucmzfv vfsk dhswN jsv bfmfp isVf bf ˆhQ ucmzfv dlsb dhswN jsv svfpf svsJf bf. zhwA pdl jfsvf zHAfnok svfpf ‰


262

dlsb isV kfrst kf ShL.« (mc} 1144bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… spb ucmzfv dlb zhwAƒ svfpf bf vfsJ. ksh pdl kfv zfsov dlb zKhf kfv isvv dlbW svfpf vfsJ, kfrst kf kfv ubA ShL.« (hc} 1985, mc} 1144bQ) � ucmzfv dlb nIv } ucmzfv nmq (Jckhfv zfpfb) rsq sost ucmzfr isV bf sbWqf ipG§À (uv¢vD YfVf) sjfb nIv jvf ShL bq.(pfmf} 1/382) zhwA ucmzfv njfst hf dhjfst nIv zShL bq. � rfvfm jfu jsv ucmzfv ubA nfu-nÏf } ucmzfv dlb ziasqfubDq yct, bJ iaHxdk nfI jsv idv¤Yâkf zhtìb jvsk rq. dj§Â pfvf Wqfsuh lfdV sy]sY hf (ˆj mcdEv jm jsv) sY]se snZ¦lpG zfbqb jsv kfvf sofbfrofv. nkjGkfv dhNq sp, zsbj zbcnvBDq sbkx²¿fbDq …tfmf dkvdmpD wvDsIv lfdV Y]fefv rflDnsj ltDtv™si siw jsv lfdV sY]se syrfvf nc¦lv jsv Kfsjb. dj§Â sn rflDn nrDr W ltDtspfoA bq; hvQ kf uft W oVf rflDn. (û} dnp} 288bQ) nckvfQ nrDr rflDnHÙÁ zfrst rflDn nfhLfb! � mndusl ˆsn ƒmfsmv zfVfst hf diYb jfkfsv hf diYsbv slWqfst sEn dlsq hnf. zhwA ˆ swaBDv mfbcN ifsiv jfvsB tdÏk W tfdÒk mfbcN, bkchf mcbfsIj mfbcN. kfƒ nfmsbv jfkfsv sKsj ƒmfm hf ivsrpofv mfbcNslvsj kKf zfïfrsj (!) dbsuv syrfvf slJfsk tÏfshfL jsv. � mndusl ˆsn soft rsq hsn o¬i jvf } mrfbhD � mndusl djYc ÛÁq-dhÛÁq, rfvfsbf h²Â sJf]uf, (hfsu) jdhkf hf out ifE ˆhQ ucmzfv iCshG soft rsq hnf sKsj dbsNL jsvsYb. (zflf} 1079bQ, dk} iamcJ nuf} 6885 bQ)

„„„ssslllvvv dddlllbbb uuucc cmmmzzzfffrrr iiiVVVsssttt

„slv dlb ucmzfr iVst ƒmfm ucmzfr iVshb. nfLfvB mcndtmslv ubA ˆJdkqfv Kfjsh; kfvf ucmzfr iVskW ifsv, bsy{ spfrv iVfW ShL. (dh²Àfdvk ûóhA `svfpf W vmpfsbv Ifpfsqt W mfnfsqt') zfv iCshG ˆ jKf …sïJ jvf rsqsY sp, hxdó-hbAfv jfvsB mndusl …id²¿k rsk bf ifvst Osv spfrv isV dbsk rsh.

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263

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mmmcc cnnnfffdddIIIsssvvvvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp

nIv ˆjde jdEb dudbn. nIv HDdk, jó W …säoiCBG nmq, hA²Àkf W wËfmq jft. kfƒ ˆƒ nmqjfst lqfmq mrfb zfïfr lqfiChGj hf¦lfv …iv djYc bfmfp rfîf jsvsYb ˆhQ ˆ msmG zfsvf zbAfbA ncspfo-ncdhLf lfb jsvsYb. k¦msLA jnv W umf jsv bfmfp iVf zbAkm.

jjjnnnvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp nIsv 4 vfjzfk dhdwó Ivp bfmfpsj 2 vfjzfk jnv (nQs[i) jsv iVf ncâk W zfIpt. ˆ hAfifsv mrfb zfïfr hstb,

)�/��6N א�@E8�94:�:�4@��ن��Oن��?��"�/�א <C=�*<��و�אن��b|��9�,�@E8�&�'�$��&�'�(א��ض�1(�@�4� ��aو�אو�?�ذ�א��:�.( zKGf{, pJb skfmvf HCixsô nIv jv, kJb skfmvf bfmfp nQs[i jvst skfmfslv sjfb zivfL sbƒ; pdl skfmvf ˆƒ zfwQjf jv sp, jfsIvvf skfmfslvsj dhhak jvsh. (jc} 4/101) hfrAk} …ÙÁ zfqfk sKsj pdlW ˆƒ jKf hcUf pfq sp, sjht Hsqv nmq bfmfp jnv jvf ShL, khcW Hq YfVf dbvfil nmsqW jnv jvf pfq. mrfbhD � W k]fv nfrfhfsq sjvfm -oB Hq-zHq …Hq zh²¿fskƒ jnv jsvsYb hst iamfdBk. ˆjlf rpvk qAf'tf dhb …mfƒqf rpvk …mfv -sj hstb, dj hAfifv sp, stfsjvf ˆJsbf ipG§À bfmfp jnv isVƒ pfs¤Y, zKy mrfb zfïfr skf sjht hstsYb sp, ªpJb skfmvf HCixsô nIv jv, kJb skfmvf bfmfp nQs[i jvst skfmfslv sjfb zivfL sbƒ; pdl skfmvf ˆƒ zfwQjf jv sp, jfsIvvf skfmfslvsj dhhak jvsh.« zfv hkGmfsb skf HDdkv sn zh²¿f zhdwó sbƒ? rpvk …mfv …Ùsv htstb, sp hAfifsv kcdm zfÇypGshfL jvY, zfdmW snƒ hAfifsv zfÇypGshfL jsv bhD �-ˆv dbje ˆ jKfv …sïJ jvst dkdb htstb, ªˆef skfmfslvsj slWqf zfïfrv ˆjde nljfr. nckvfQ skfmvf k]fv nljfr oarB jv.« (zf}, mc}, nczf}, dm} 1335bQ) mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `mÄfsk iaKsm 2 vfjzfk jsv bfmfp Ivp jvf rq. zk}iv bhD � pJb mlDbfq druvk jsv zfsnb, kJb zfsvf 2 vfjzfk jsv bfmfp


264

hxdÝ jvf rt. sjht mfosvshv bfmfp (3 vfjzfk) jvf rt. jfvB, kf dlsbv dhkXv. zfv Iusvv bfmfpW 2 vfjzfk vfJf rt. jfvB, kfv dj¶vfzfk tìf. dj§Â bhD � pJb nIsv spskb, kJb dkdb ‰ iaKmjfv nQJAfƒ (mÄfq Ivpjxk 2 vfjzfk bfmfpƒ) iVskb.' (zf}, hf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}) mrfbhD � iaskAj nIsvƒ jnv jsv bfmfp isVsYb ˆhQ sjfb dbHGvspfoA svWqfqfk äfvf ˆ jKf iamfdBk sbƒ sp, dkdb sjfb nIsv bfmfp iCBG jsv isVsYb. rpvk zfècïfr dhb …mfv hstb, `zfdm bhD �, zfhC hfjXv, …mfv W …nmfb -ˆv nfsK nIsv sKsjdY. dj§Â jJsbf sldJ db sp, k]fvf 2 vfjzfskv shwD bfmfp isVsYb.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 1338bQ) zhwA rpvk …nmfb k]fv sJtfIskv swN dlsj dmbfq iCBG (4 vfjzfk) bfmfp isVsYb. (hc} 1082, mc}, dm} 1347bQ) klbcv™i mf zfsqwfW nIsv iCBG bfmfp iVskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1348bQ) zhwA k]fslv ˆ jfsuv hAfJAf ˆƒ dYt sp, iaKmk} k]fvf ufbskb, jnv jvf ncâk; Wqfsuh bq. zfv däkDqk} pfsk zÎ stfsjvf k]fslv jnv jvf slsJ msb bf jsv hsn sp, spfrv, zfnv W ˆwfv bfmfp mfÛ 2 vfjzfk. (Ihf} 2/664-65) i[f§Àsv Iuv W mfosvshv bfmfsp jnv sbƒ.

jjjkkklllCC Cvvv nnnIIIsssvvv jjjnnnvvv dddhhhsssLLLqqq

jcvzfb mfuDslv …ipGcÙÁ zfqfsk hf sjfb rflDsn snƒ nIsvv sjfb dbdlGó idvmfi hf lCvk¶ …sïJ rqdb, pkef lCvk¶ pfWqfv iv bfmfp jnv jsv iVf dhsLq. ˆƒ ubA ndEj ˆƒ sp, idvHfNfq hf iaydtk zsKG pfsj nIv htf rq, snƒ nIsv bfmfp jnv jvf ytsh. (mcm} 4/497-498) nfrfhfslv msLA ˆ hAfifsv dhdHâ mk idvtd[k rq. rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn W ƒhsb …mfv 48 mfƒt lCsv dosq jnv jvskb ˆhQ svfpf vfJskb bf. (hc}) iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆƒ nIv ifsq sr]se srfj zKhf …sev disE, nfƒsjst srfj hf hfsn-seºsb, ifdb-ufrfsu srfj zKhf ˆsvfsi½sb, jsóv srfj zKhf zfvfsmv, ShL sjfb jfsuv ubA rst kfsk jnv dhsLq. (mh} 20/157) lCvhkGD nIv sKsj pdl ˆjdlsbv dHksvƒ dIsv zfsn zKhf dbjehkGD nIsv 2/3 dlb zh²¿fb jsv khcW kfsk jnv-umf ytsh. (mcm} 4/499)

sssjjjfffsssÚÚÚsssjjj jjjnnnvvv ðððvvv¢¢¢ rrrssshhh??? mrfbhD � wrv hf ubil sYsV shv rsq sostƒ jnv ðv¢ jvskb. rpvk zfbfn hstb, `zfdm bhD �-ˆv nfsK (mÄf pfWqfv isK) mlDbfq spfrsvv 4 vfjzfk ˆhQ (mlDbf sKsj 6 mfƒt lCsv) pct-ùtfƒIfq dosq zfnsvv 2 vfjzfk iVkfm.'


265

(hc} 1089bQ, mc}, zflf}, dk}, bf}) htf hfùtA, nIv jvsk wrv hf oafm kAfo jvfv iChG sKsjƒ bfmfp jnv hf umf jvf ytsh bf. bfmfspv nmq zfnfv isvW nIv jvst isK jnv jvf ShL. zbcv™i nIsv bfmfspv nmq rWqfv isvW hfnfq dIsv ˆst iCBG bfmfp iVsk rsh. (dthfmf} 79ix}, mcm} 4/523) nIsv shv rsq wrv sYsV (wrsvv hfƒsv) dhmfb-h¦lv, s±ewb hf hfn-±eAfsà jnv ytsh. snJfsb jnv jsv bfmfp iVfv iv pdl sjfb jfvBhwk} si½b hf ofdV bf zfnfv Ist hfdV dIvsk rq, khcW ‰ jnv jvf bfmfp zfv dIdvsq iVsk rsh bf. (mcm} 4/514) nIsv shv rsq si½b hf ofdV pdlW mcnfdIsvv oafm hf wrsvv …iv hf dHkv dlsq pfq, kfrstW kfv ‰ dhmfb-h¦lsv hf s±ewsb hf hfn-±eAfsà jnv jvf ytsh. (‰ 4/569)

jjjnnnsssvvvvvv nnnmmmqqq---nnnDDDmmmfff nIsv dosq dbdlGó dlb Kfjfv nQj¬i bf rst, hvQ jfu rfdnt rstƒ dIsv zfnfv dbqk rst zKhf isK sjfb hfLf iVst pkdlb ‰ jfu bf rsh zKhf hfLf lCv bf rsh kkdlb nIsv jnv jvf ytsh. (Iƒ} 1/406-407) mrfbhD � ˆj nIsv 19 dlb dYstb ˆhQ kfsk bfmfp jnv jsvsYb. (hc} 1080bQ) rpvk zfbfn wfm slsw 2 hYv dYstb ˆhQ 2 hYvƒ bfmfp jnv jsv isVsYb. (fmf} 3/488, dInc} 1/286) rpvk zfècïfr dhb ƒhsb …mfv isK hvI Kfjfv Ist zfpfvhfƒufsb 6 mfn zfej dYstb ˆhQ kfsk jnv jsv bfmfp isVdYstb. (zfvf} 2/4339, hf} 3/152) djYc nfrfhf vfmfùvmcsp 7 mfn zh²¿fb jfst jnv jsv bfmfp isVdYstb. (hf} 5267bQ) i[f§Àsv dhslsw ²¿fqDHfsh hnhfn ðv¢ jvst; hAhnf, yfjcvD, zLAqb iaHxdkv ubA dhslsw Kfjsk rst kJb zfv jnv ytsh bf. hfjD Kfjt ˆk dlb nIsv Kfjfv dbqk jvst jnv ytsh ˆhQ ˆk dlb jvst ytsh bf, skf sn jKfv …ipcÙÁ ltDt sbƒ. 4 djQhf kfv sKsj shwD dlsbv zh²¿fb dbqsk KfjstW pkdlb kfv jfu swN bf rsqsY kkdlb mcnfdIv mcnfdIvƒ; pk[B bf sn ²¿fqDHfsh hnhfsnv dbqk jsvsY. (mcm} 4/532-539) iajfw Kfsj sp, pfvf HfVf ofdV yftfq, iakAr hfn, seºb hf si½b yftfq kfvfW mcnfdIv. kfslv ubAW bfmfp jnv jvf dhsLq. (mh} 22/103)

nnnIIIsssvvv nnncc câââkkk WWW bbbIIIttt bbbfffmmmfffppp mrfbhD � nIsv nfLfvBk} Ivp bfmfspv zfso hf isv ncâk bfmfp iVskb bf.


266

ksh dhkXv W Iusvv ncâk dkdb nIsvW dbqdmk iVskb. spmb ˆv iCshGW ƒdÌk jvf rsqsY. htf hfùtA, nIsv (dhkXv W Iusvv zfso 2 vfjzfk YfVf) ncâk (mczfÄflfr) bf iVfƒ ncâk. rpvk zfècïfr dhb …mfv ˆj nIsv stfsjslvsj Ivp bfmfspv iv ncâk iVsk slsJ htstb, `pdl zfmfsj ncâkƒ iVsk rk, kfrst Ivp bfmfp icvf jsvƒ iVkfm. zfdm bhD �-ˆv nfsK nIsv sKsjdY. zfdm k]fsj ncâk iVsk sldJdb.' zk}iv dkdb htstb,

)�w�9�L��+�[E��1��]�+�ل�א5(�@E8� ن��.��*� ( zKGf{, dbÇyq skfmfslv ubA zfïfrv vnCstv msLA vsqsY …Ùm zflwG. (jc} 33/21) (hc} 1101bQ, mc}) zfdm bhD �-ˆv nfsK nIsv sKsjdY. dkdb 2 vfjzfskv shwD bfmfp iVskb bf. zbcv™i zfhC hfjXv, …mfv W …nmfb -W jvskb.' (hc} 1102bQ, mc}, dm} 1338bQ) ksh nIsv ncâfsk mczfÄflfr iVf pfsh bf ˆmb jKf bq. spsrkc mrfbhD � jJsbf jJsbf djYc djYc ncâfsk mczfÄflfr iVskb. (dm} zfthfbDv eDjf 1/423) zhwA nfLfvB bIt, kfrfÏcl, yfñX, kfdrqAfkct mfndul iaHxdk bfmfp nIsv iVf yst. spmb Ivp bfmfspv zfso-isvW bIstv dbqsk bfmfp iVf lCNBDq bq. mÄf dhusqv dlb …s©m rfbDv Osv dkdb yfsñv bfmfp isVsYb. (hc}) ˆ YfVf dkdb nIsv …sev disE bIt W dhkXv bfmfp iVskb. (hc}, mc}, zflf}, bf})

mmmcc cnnnfffdddIIIsssvvvvvv ƒƒƒmmmfffmmm WWW mmmcc cÙÙÙÁÁÁffflllDDD rrrsssqqq bbbfffmmmfffppp

mcnfdIv ƒmfmdk jvsk ifsv ˆhQ ˆ zh²¿fskW sn jnv jsv bfmfp iVsk ifsv. ˆ s[sÛ oxrhfnD zmcnfdIv mcÙÁflDvf mcnfdIv ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv nftfm bf dIsv …sE hfjD bfmfp iCvB jvsk hfLA rsh. (dthfmf} 7/18) zbcv™i mcnfdIv zmcnfdIv ƒmfsmv diYsb bfmfp iVsk ifsv. zfv ˆ s[sÛ sn ‰ ƒmfsmv mkƒ iCBG bfmfp iVsk hfLA rsh. ˆmb dj ƒmfsmv swsNv 2 vfjzfsk ufmfzfsk wfdmt rstW mcnfdIv hfjD 2 vfjzfk ˆjfjD zflfq jvsk hfLA. ˆJfsb ‰ 2 vfjzfksj jnv Lsv dbst rsh bf. rpvk zfècïfr dhb zfêfn -sj duÎfnf jvf rt sp, mcnfdIv ˆjfjD bfmfp iVst 2 vfjzfk, zfv zmcnfdIv ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk iVst 4 vfjzfk bfmfp isV, kfv jfvB dj? …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `ˆefƒ rt zfhct jfsnm �-ˆv ncâk.' (zf} 1862, k¶fh} 12895bQ) k]fsj duÎfnf jvf rt, `mÄfq sKsj ƒmfsmv nfsK ufmfzfsk bfmfp bf sist djHfsh bfmfp iVh?' …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `lcƒ vfjzfk zfhct jfsnm �-ˆv ncâk.' (mc} 688bQ, ƒJc})


267

pdl sjfb mcnfdIv isKv sjfb mndusl ufmfzfk ytsk slsJ ˆhQ sn hcUsk bf ifsv sp, ƒmfm ²¿fbDq hnhfnjfvD, dhLfq iCBG bfmfp iVfv dbqk jsv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsh, bfdj mcnfdIv, dhLfq jnv jvfv dbqsk wfdmt rsh? ˆmk zh²¿fq mcnfdIv ƒmfsmv zfjfv-zfjxdk W nIsvv dyrÁ slsJ smfefmcde zf¦lfu tfofsh, ƒmfm dj? ˆviv pdl iaht LfvBf rq sp, sn ²¿fqD hnhfnjfvD, kfrst iCBG bfmfp iVfv dbqsk ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsh. i[f§Àsv pdl kfv iaht LfvBf ˆƒ rq sp, sn mcnfdIv, kfrst jnsvv dbqsk ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsh. dj§Â nftfm dIvfv iv pdl hcUsk ifsv sp, ƒmfm ²¿fbDq hfdn¦lf ˆhQ kfv diYsb sp 2 vfjzfk bfmfp sn isVsY kf ƒmfsmv kxkDq W ykcKG vfjzfk, kfrst sn …sE zfsvf 2 vfjzfk isV dbsq bfmfp iCBG jvsh. zfv ˆv ubA kfsj dnulf-ˆ nfrXW jvsk rsh. ˆsk pdl sn mfsU iajxk ufbfv ubA jKfW hst Kfsj kfsk sjfb [dk rsh bf. (mfkfrfzf} 16ix}) iv§Â pdl iaht LfvBfq sjfb ˆj dlj hcUf bf pfq, kfrst mcnfdIv n©Hfhbfmq dbqk jvsk ifsv. spmb msb ˆƒ nQj¬i jvsk ifsv, pdl ƒmfm iCBG bfmfp isV kfrst zfdmW iCBG iVh. bsy{, jnv iVst zfdmW jnv iVh. (mcm} 4/521) ÎfkhA sp, mcnfdIv bfmfsp l]fdVsq kfjhDsv kfrvDmf slWqfv iv pdl jnsvv dbqk jsv kfrstW ytsh. iChG sKsjƒ jnsvv dbqk uv¢vD bq. (‰ 4/525) iajfw Kfsj sp, mcnfdIsvv ubAW ²¿fbDq ufmfzfsk wvDj rsq bfmfp iVf …Ùm. zhwA nIsvv isK sjfb [dkv zfwËf rst dHâ jKf. (mh} 12/89)

mmmcc cnnnfffdddIIIsssvvvvvv nnnIIIsssvvvvvv zzzfffsssooo---iiisssvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb kcdm skfmfv Ov sKsj shv rWqfv nQj¬i jvsh, kJb lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp iV; skfmfsj hfdrv isKv njt m¦l sKsj v[f jvsh. zfhfv pJb kcdm skfmfv Osv iashw jvsh kJbW lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp iV; skfmfsj iashw isKv njt m¦l sKsj v[f jvsh.« (hfpXpfv, hf} ðzfhct „mfb, nuf} 505bQ)

bbbfffmmmfffppp uuummmfff jjjsssvvv iiiVVVfffvvv dddhhhLLLfffbbb mrfb zfïfr hf¦lfv iadk hV lqfhfb, hV zbcoarwDt. dkdb hf¦lfv jó yfb bf. kfƒ zbcoar jsvƒ dhLfb dlsqsYb lcƒ nmsqv bfmfpsj iasqfusb ˆj nmsq ˆjdÛk jsv iVfv. zbcmdk dlsqsYb zfsov bfmfpsj isvv nfsK (dhtì jsv) zKhf isvv bfmfpsj zfsov nfsK (k¶vfd¦hk jsv) iVfv. zhwA ˆ sjht nDmfhÝ bfmfspv mfsUƒ n©Hh. spmb, spfrv W zfnv ˆj nfsK


268

ˆhQ mfosvh W ˆwf ˆj nfsK lcdev msLA ˆjdev nmsq umf jsv iVf pfsh. i[f§Àsv Iusvv bfmfpsj zfso-isvv sjfb bfmfspv nfsK umf jsv iVf pfsh bf. spmb iVf pfsh bf zfnv W mfosvshv bfmfpsj ˆj nfsK umf jsv. zbcv™i ucmzfv bfmfp spfrv sKsj ixKj. zkˆh ucmzfv nfsK zfnsvv bfmfpsj umf jsv iVf pfsh bf. (mcm} 4/572-573)

sssjjjfffbbbXX X sssjjjfffbbbXX X zzzhhh²²²¿¿ ¿ fffqqq uuummmfff jjjvvvfff pppfffqqq???

pKf nmsq bfmfp iVfƒ iaskAj mcndtm bvbfvDv ubA Ivp. dj§Â ltDstv dHdÙskƒ dbsmfÙÁ nmq W zh²¿fq ˆj nmsqv bfmfpsj zbA nmsqv bfmfspv nfsK umf jsv iVf ShL }-

zfvfIfk W mcplfdtIfq }zfvfIfk W mcplfdtIfq }zfvfIfk W mcplfdtIfq }zfvfIfk W mcplfdtIfq } dhlfqD rsÏ mrfbhD � zfvfIfsk spfrv W zfnsvv bfmfpsj spfrsvv nmq ˆhQ mcplfdtIfq mfosvh W ˆwfv bfmfpsj ˆwfv nmq umf jsv isVdYstb. nIsv mcnfdIv zh²¿fq }nIsv mcnfdIv zh²¿fq }nIsv mcnfdIv zh²¿fq }nIsv mcnfdIv zh²¿fq } nIsv isK zKhf sjfb zh²¿fbs[sÛ hf hfnfq umf (W jnv) jsv bfmfp iVf pfq. rpvk zfècïfr dhb zfêfn hstb, `zfdm dj skfmfslvsj bhD �-ˆv bfmfp n©isjG hBGbf slh bf?' stfsjvf htt, `zhwAƒ.' dkdb htstb, `nIv jvfv nmq zh²¿fbs[sÛ Kfjsk Kfjskƒ pdl nCpG Tst spk, kfrst nWqfv rWqfv zfsoƒ spfrv W zfnvsj umf jsv isV dbskb. zfv nCpG bf Ttst dkdb shv rsq spskb. zk}iv zfnsvv nmq rst nWqfvD sKsj sbsm spfrv W zfnvsj ˆj nsÌ umf jsv isV dbskb. zbcv™i pdl zh²¿fbs[sÛ Kfjsk Kfjskƒ nCpG Fcsh spk, kfrst mfosvh W ˆwfv bfmfpsj ˆj nsÌ umf jsv dbskb. zfv nCpG bf Fchst dkdb shv rsq spskb. zk}iv ˆwfv nmq rst dkdb nWqfvD sKsj sbsm mfosvh W ˆwfv bfmfpsj ˆj nsÌ umf jsv isV dbskb.' (zf}, wfsIqD, û} hc} 1111-1112bQ) rpvk mczfp hstb, khcj zdHpfsb dosq zfïfrv vnCt � ˆjlf slvD jsv bfmfp iVstb. dkdb hfƒsv ˆsn spfrv W zfnvsj ˆj nfsK umf jsv iVstb. kfviv dkdb dHksv yst sostb. zk}iv hfƒsv ˆsn dkdb mfosvh W ˆwfsj ˆj nfsK umf jsv iVstb. (mc}, mf}) lcƒ bfmfpsj ˆjsÛ umf jsv iVfv nmq ncâk rt bfmfspv iCshG ˆjde zfpfb rsh ˆhQ iaskAj bfmfp ðv¢ jvfv zfso ƒjfmk rsh. zfv …Hq bfmfspv mfsU sjfb ncâk


269

iVf pfsh bf. mrfbhD � zfvfIfk W mcplfdtIfq zbcv™iƒ jsvdYstb. (zf}, hc}, mc}, bf}) lcƒ bfmfp umf jvfv nmq …Hsqv mfsU nfmfbA [B slvD rsq pfWqf slfNfhr bq. jfvB, mcplfdtIfq si]ZsY mrfbhD � mfosvshv bfmfp isVb. zk}iv iaskAsj dbu dbu …e dbu dbu zhkvB ²¿st hdnsq dlt. kfviv ˆwfv bfmfp iVstb ˆhQ mfsU sjfb bfmfp isVbdb. (hc} 1672, mc})

hhhxx x dddóóó---hhhffflllsssttt bbbfffmmmfffppp uuummmfff

hxdó-hflstv dlsb jflfq if diYst isV pfWqf hf ifdbsk dHsu pfWqfv zfwËfq hfvhfv mndul zfnsk mcnïDslv jó rsh hstƒ nvt wvDqsk sn nmqW lcƒ bfmfpsj ˆj nfsK umf jsv isV sbWqfv zbcmdk lfb jsvsY. rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `mrfbhD � mlDbfq spfrv W zfnv ˆhQ mfosvh W ˆwfsj umf jsv isVsYb.' (ˆj hBGbfjfvD) zfƒqch (zfhcwX wf'Nf ufshvsj) duÎfnf jvstb, `n©Hhk} hxdóv nmq?' …Ùsv (ufshv) htstb, `n©Hhk}.' (hc} 543bQ, kfdm} 321ix}) rpvk zfhC nftfmfr hstb, `hxdóv dlsb mfosvh W ˆwfsj umf jsv iVf ncâk.' (zfNvfm, bfzf} 3/218) rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `ˆjlf bhD � mlDbfq spfrv W zfnv ˆhQ mfosvh W ˆwfv bfmfpsj umf jsv isVsYb. sndlb bf sjfb Hq dYt zfv bf hxdó.' stfsjvf duÎfnf jvt, `dkdb ˆmb sjb jvstb?' …Ùsv ƒhsb zfêfn htstb, `dkdb k]fv …©mksj zncdhLfq bf sItfv …sÜswA ˆmbde jvstb.' (mc} 705bQ) …ÙÁ hBGbfq `hxdó dYt bf kfW umf jsv bfmfp isVsYb' ˆƒ jKfv ltDt sp, hxdó rst umf jsv iVf ˆmdbskƒ ShL. zfv ˆ umf rsh rfj¶Dj¶D (iajxk) umf (kfjlDm), nCvD (zfifk) umf bq. jfvB, kfskƒ …©mksj zncdhLfq iVsk rsh. (û} dnn} 2837bQ) hxdóv ubA umf sjht kfvfƒ jvsk ifsv, pfvf ufmfzfskv stfj. pfvf ufmfzfsk hf mndusl rfdpv rq bf kfslv ubA umf ShL bq. spmb, svfoD (jó bf rst) hf mdrtf hfdVsk umf jvsk ifsv bf. i[f§Àsv sp hAdÙÁ mnduslƒ hf mnduslv wfdmt hf ifwfifdw hfnfq hfn jsv kfv ubAW umf ShL. zfnt jKf rt ufmfzfk. zfv ufmfzfskv IpDtk shwD. zkˆh ufmfzfk sYsV kfslv pKfnmsq bfmfp iVf …dyk bq. (mcm} 4/560)

zzzbbbAAA sssjjjfffbbb zzznnncc c dddhhhLLLfffvvv jjjfffvvvsssBBB bbbfffmmmfffppp uuummmfff


270

Hq hf hxdó YfVfW zbA sjfb hV zncdhLfv jfvsBW lcƒ bfmfpsj umf jsv iVf ShL. …ipGcÙÁ ƒhsb zfêfn -ˆv rflDn sn jKfƒ ƒdÌk jsv. ˆ YfVf hcJfvD W mcndtm wvDsIv ˆjde spZK hBGbfq ifWqf pfq sp, mrfbhD � mlDbfq spfrv W zfnv ˆhQ mfosvh W ˆwfsj umf jsv isVsYb. (hc} 543, mc}) zfècïfr dhb wfjDj hstb, ˆjlf rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn zfnsvv iv zfmfslv mfsU hÙÁhA vfJstb. ˆƒ zh²¿fq nCpG Fcsh sot ˆhQ zfjfsw kfvf Icse …Et. zfv stfsjvf htsk tfot, `bfmfspv nmq rsq sosY, bfmfspv nmq rsq sosY.' hbD kfmDsmv ˆj hAdÙÁ `bfmfp, bfmfp' jvsk jvsk snfuf ƒhsb zfêfsnv jfsY ˆt. dkdb stfjefsj htstb, `kcdm dj zfmfsj zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv ncâk dwJfsk ˆsnY? zfdm bhD �-sj spfrv W zfnv ˆhQ mfosvh W ˆwfv bfmfpsj ˆjsÛ umf jsv iVsk slsJdY.' zfècïfr dhb wfjDj hstb, `k]fv ˆ jKfq zfmfv ns¦lr rst zfdm zfhC ùvfƒvf -ˆv jfsY …id²¿k rsq k]fsj ˆ hAfifsv duÎfnf jdv. dkdb k]fv ˆ jKfv nmKGb jsvb.' (mc} 705bQ) iasqfusb znc²¿ zh²¿fqW hfvhfv WpC jvsk hf sthfn ifs¬e idhÛkf zuGb jvsk jó rst lcƒ bfmfpsj ˆj nfsK umf jsv iVf ShL. spmb mrfbhD � ƒd²Àrfpfoa²À (nhGlf mfdnj zfsn ˆmb) mdrtfsj ˆj sofnst lcƒ bfmfpsj ˆj nfsK umf jsv iVfv dbslGw dlsqsYb. (zf}, zflf}, dk}, dm} 561-563bQ) zbcv™i pfv nh nmq ianafh Uvfv svfo zfsY snW 2 bfmfpsj umf jsv iVsk ifsv.

uuummmfff dddhhhNNNqqqjjj zzzbbbAAAfffbbbAAA uuuvvv¢¢¢vvvDDD mmmfffnnnfffsssqqqttt

ÎfkhA sp, k¶vfd¦hk umf (kfj¶lDm) zsi[f (jó bf rst) dhtdìk (kf'JDv) umfƒ …Ùm. ˆ YfVf pJb pfv ubA spmb ncdhLf kfv ubA snƒ umfƒ …Ùm. (mcm} 4/461-564) zhwA iaKm zsÙÁ umf bf jvst sn nmsq umfv dbqk uv¢vD. bsy{, umfv dbqk YfVf dhbf Wpsv sjfb bfmfpsj pKfnmq sKsj ifv jsv slWqf rfvfm. (mcm} 4/574) htf hfùtA, iaKm zsÙÁ umfv dbqk bf svsJ nmq ifv rWqfv iv isvv zsÙÁv nfsK umfv dbqk nrDr bq. hvQ ˆƒ nmq iaKm bfmfp jfpf W däkDq bfmfp zflfsqv dbqsk iVf uv¢vD. (‰ 4/575) iajfw Kfsj sp, sjfb Wpsv iaKm zsÙÁ lcƒ bfmfp umf jsv sbWqfv iv däkDq zÙÁX zfnfv zfsoƒ pdl sn Wpv lCv rsq pfq; spmb svfo Hft rsq pfq, mcnfdIv Osv dIsv zfsn zKhf hxdó sKsm pfq, khcW umf bfmfp hfdkt rsh bf ˆhQ däkDq zsÙÁ ‰ iVf


271

bfmfp zfv dIdvsq iVsk rsh bf. ˆmb dj däkDq bfmfp swN rWqfv zfsoƒ pdl Wpv lCv rsq pfq khcW umf hfdkt bq. (‰ 4/574, mh} 17/55, Iƒ} 1/261-262) mcnfdIsvv ubA umf W jnv ˆjƒ nfsK jvf uv¢vD bq. nckvfQ sn umf bf jsv sjht jnv ˆhQ jnv bf jsv umfW jvsk ifsv. (mh} 12/88)

dddhhhdddHHHâââ pppfffbbbhhhfffrrrsssbbb bbbfffmmmfffppp

mrfbhD � nWqfvDv …iv Ivp bfmfp iVskb bf. Ivp bfmfspv nmq rst dkdb …e sKsj sbsm mfdesk l]fVfskb. nckvfQ nIsv (smfev ofdV, ov¢v ofdV, …e, rfdk, sOfVf iaHxdk) pfbhfrsb bfmfspv nmq rst pfbhfrb Kfdmsq bfmfp iVsk rsh. dj§Â sp pfbhfrsb Kfmfv hf bfmfv ncspfo sbƒ, zKy snJfsb pKfdbqsm iCBGv™si bfmfp zflfq n©Hh, sn pfbhfrsb pKf nmsq bfmfp iVsk rsh. iv§Â snJfsb pdl pKfdbqsm iCBGv™si bfmfp zflfq jvfv ncspfo bf Kfsj, kfrst o§ÀhA²¿t si]ZYsbfv zfsoƒ bfmfspv nmq zdkhfdrk rWqfv zfwËf Kfjst sn pfbhfrsbv …isvƒ pKfnmsq bfmfp isV sbWqf uv¢vD. (zfƒ} 401bQ) zkˆh si½b, seºb, hfn iaHxdk pfbhfrsbv dHksv ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfp n©Hh rst ufmfzfk nrjfsvƒ iVsk rsh. (2) bsy{ ˆjfjD dbu dbu dnse hsn nmq ifv rWqfv zfso zfsoƒ bfmfp isV dbsk rsh. bf iVst ˆhQ isv jfpf iVstW sofbfrofv rsk rsh. pKfn©Hh djhtfmcJ rsk rsh. dhswN jsv bfmfp ðv¢ jvfv iCshG djhtfmcJ rsq l]fdVsq isv pfbhfrb zbAmcJ rst pKfn©Hh djhtfmcsJ Ocsv bfmfp iVsk rsh. n©Hh bf rst sp sjfb mcsJƒ bfmfp rsq pfsh. nfLAmk bfmfspv v¢jXb W Wqfsuh zflfq jvsk rsh. umfv bfmfp rst ˆhQ däkDq nmq zdkhfdrk rWqfv zfso ofdV o§ÀhA²¿st si]ZYsh bf zfwËf rst si½b hf ofdVskƒ bfmfp zflfq zidvrfpG. (mh} 5/190) sbZjf, ifdb-ufrfu hf d±emfv iaHxdk utpfsbW bfmfp zflfq jvf uv¢vD. (djqfsmv nmq) l]fdVsq iVsk zncdhLf rst hsn hsn isV dbsk rsh. ƒhsb …mfv hstb, bhD � sbZjfq bfmfp iVfv dhNsq duÎfdnk rst dkdb htstb, ªFcsh pfWqfv Hq bf Kfjst kfsk l]fdVsq l]fdVsq bfmfp iV.« (hfp}, lfvf}, rf}, dnnfb} 79ix}) zfècïfr dhb zfhD …khfr hstb, `ˆjlf zfdm ufshv dhb zfècïfr, zfhC nf„l

(2) iajfw Kfsj sp, dhswN jsv si½sb ˆjfdLj I]fjf ufqof zfsY; spJfsb ufmfzfk jsv bfmfp iVf n©Hh. Jfjnfv dbsu hùhfv snnh ufqofq ufmfzfk nrjfsv pKfdbqsm iCBGv™si bfmfp zflfq jsvsY.


272

JclvD W zfhC ùvfƒvf -ˆv nfsK sbZjfv nÌD dYtfm. k]fvf njst l]fdVsq l]fdVsq ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfp iVstb. k]fslv ˆjub ƒmfmdk jvstb. zfv k]fvf kDsv zfnsk n[mW dYstb.` (ncbfb nf„l dhb mfbnCv, zfvf}, ƒzfwf}, hf} 3/155) mrfbhD � nIsv dbsuv nWqfvDskƒ bIt W dhkXv bfmfp iVskb. …ebD sjhtfmcsJ l]fV jdvsq kjhDv dlsq bfmfp ðv¢ jvskb. zk}iv iChG-idÇym sp mcsJ iK W …ebD spk, sn mcsJƒ dkdb bfmfp iVskb. zfv ˆ hAfifsvƒ zhkDBG rsqsY mrfb zfïfrv ˆƒ hfBD }-

�و�,��א5(@�x�(א�+z �+�=��#�9��(( zKGf{, skfmvf spdlsjƒ mcJ dIvfW, sndljƒ zfïfrv syrfvf (dlj hf djhtfr). (jc} 2/115) (mc} 700bQ, zflf}, dk})

sssvvvfffoooDDDvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp

svfoD rstW Îfb hkGmfb Kfjf jft ipG§À jfsvf ubA sjfb zh²¿fq bfmfp mfI bq. WpC-sofnt bf jvsk ifvst kfqf©mcm jsv, kf bf ifvstW dhbf kfqf©mcsmƒ bfmfp iVf uv¢vD. idhÛ bf Kfjsk ifvst zidhÛ zh²¿fskƒ, idhÛ ufqof bf sist zidhÛ ufqofskƒ bfmfp iVsk rsh. svfoD l]fdVsq bfmfp bf iVsk ifvst hsn bfmfp iVsh. lcƒ if-sj Èdesq zfVfzfdVHfsh svsJ r]fec H]fu jsv (hfhc rsq) hnsh. jJsbf jJsbf iasqfusb mrfbhD � zbcv™i hsn bfmfp iVskb. (bf}, rf}) zfècïfr dhb …mfv zncdhLfv jfvsB bfmfsp zbcv™i hnskb. (hc} 827bQ) zhwA kfwfrùslv ShEsj hnfv mkW hsn bfmfp iVsk ifsv. (dInc} zfvhD 1/243) hsn bf ifvst (Ffb) ifwG¶slsw ðsq, kf bf ifvst dy{ rsq ðsq, (mfKfef hfdtw ƒkAfdl dlsq ˆjec …]yc jsv) sjhtfv dlsj mcJ W if jsv bfmfp iVsh. l]fVfhfv nfmKGA Kfjst ˆhQ hnsk bf ifvst l]fdVsq l]fdVsq bfmfp iVsh. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

)�@E8 �+�9�,;�'�$�&��C�و��EA+�دאوA�5אوא��E.ذ��(( zKGf{, skfmvf l]fdVsq, hsn W ifw¶Gslsw wqb jsv zfïfrsj ±mvB jv. (jc} 4/103)

dkdb zfsvf hstb, )�@�4��j�4�[א��C�5אא+E*�=��((

zKGf{, zfïfrsj pKfnfLA Hq jsv yt. (jc} 64/16) ƒmvfb dhb ùnfƒb hstb, zfmfv zwG svfo dYt. zfdm (djHfsh bfmfp iVh kf) zfïfrv vnCt �-sj duÎfnf jvst dkdb htstb,�ªkcdm l]fdVsq bfmfp iV. bf ifvst


273

hsn iV. kfW bf ifvst ifw¶Gslsw wcsq iV.« (hc}, zflf}, zf}, dm} 1248 bQ) jó rWqf nsÙ¶W pdl svfoD hsn bf isV l]fdVsq bfmfp isV, kfrst kfv ubA vsqsY Fht nWqfh. ˆjlf ˆjlt stfsjv dbje mrfbhD � shv rsq slJstb, kfvf znc²¿kfv jfvsB hsn hsn bfmfp iVsY. kf slsJ dkdb htstb, ªhsn bfmfp iVfv nWqfh l]fdVsq bfmfp iVfv nWqfshv zsLGj.« (zf}, ƒmf}) zbcv™i hsn bfmfp iVfv [mkf Kfjf nsÙ¶W pdl zfvfm sbWqfv ubA svfoD ðsq bfmfp isV kfrst kfv ubA vsqsY zsLGj nWqfh. (hc} 1115bQ) pkef n©Hh l]fdVsq ˆhQ pkef iasqfub hsnW bfmfp iVsk ifsv. hxÝ hqsn mrfbhD � vfskv bfmfsp hsn dj¶vfzfk jvskb. zk}iv 30/40 zfqfk dj¶vfzfk hfjD Kfjst dkdb …sE kf ifE jsv v¢jC jvskb. (hc} 1118bQ) svfoD nfLAmk v¢jC-dnulfr jvsh. bf ifvst m²Àj äfvf ƒdÌk jvsh. v¢jCv yfƒsk dnulfv nmq zdLj U]cjsh. kf n©Hh bf rst syfsJv ƒwfvfq v¢jC-dnulfr jvsh. v¢jCv yfƒsk dnulfv s[sÛ y[csj zdLjkv dbmDdtk jvsh. rfk hf zfÌct äfvf ƒwfvf dhdLn©mk bq. jfvB, zbcv™i dbslGw wvDqsk zfsndb. (ƒhsb hfp, ƒhsb …NfƒmDb) y[c äfvf ƒwfvf n©Hh bf rst z§Àsv (j¬ibfq) djqfm, v¢jC W dnulf zfdlv dbqk jsv kjhDv, djvfzfk W lczf-lv™l ifE jvsh. zfk¹fsj jó dlsq nfsLAv zkDk zfmt jvf wvDqsk iY¦lbDq bq. dnulfr mfdesk bf jvsk ifvst sjfb dudbn …]yc jsv hf kcst kfsk dnulfr jvf ShL bq. ˆjlf mrfbhD � ˆj svfoDsj slJf jvsk dosq slJstb, sn hfdtswv …iv dnulfr jvsY. dkdb kf dbsq Y]csV sIst dlstb. sn ˆjde jfE dbst jfEefsjW Y]csV sItstb. zk}iv htstb, ªpdl [mkf Kfsj kfrst mfdesk bfmfp iV (dnulfr jv). kf bf ifvst sjht ƒwfvf jv. zfv skfmfv v¢jCv kctbfq dnulfsj zdLj dbyc jv.« (k¶fh}, hfppfv, hf}, dnn} 323bQ) zhwA l]fdVsq Kfjsk Kfjsk isV pfWqfv Hq rst slWqft hf Jc]desk Hv jsv l]fVfsk ifsv. mrfbhD � pJb hxÝ rsq iVstb ˆhQ öf²¿A smfef rsq sot, kJb k]fv bfmfspv ufqofq ˆjde J]cde hfbfsbf rsqdYt; pfsk dkdb Hv jsv bfmfp iVskb. (zflf}, rf},dnn} 319, ƒv} 383bQ) svfoD rstW iaskAj bfmfp pKfnmsq iVsh. bf ifvst umf jvfv dbqm zbcpfqD 2 zsÙÁv bfmfp umf jsv iVsh. znc²¿ zh²¿fq iCBGv™si bfmfp zflfq jvsk n[m bf rstW nc²¿ zh²¿fv mk iCBG nWqfh tfH rsq Kfsj svfoDv. mrfbhD � hstb, ªhf¦lf pJb znc²¿ rsq isV zKhf nIv jsv, kJb zfïfr kfzftf kfv ubA snƒ nWqfhƒ dtsJ Kfsjb, sp nWqfh sn nc²¿ W Osv Kfjf zh²¿fq zfmt jsv tfH jvk.« (zf}, hc}, nuf} 799bQ)


274

znc²¿kfv nmq svfoDv shjfv hsn hf ðsq Kfjfv nmq. ˆ nmqsj mCtAhfb susb zfïfrv dpjXv jvf …dyk svfoDv. jsóv nmsq sjht k]fvƒ njfsw zfjCt zfshlsbv nfsK bIt bfmfp W Jfn mcbfufk jvfv ˆde ˆjde nchBG nmq. vfsÛ hù svfoDv Ocm zfsn bf. ˆmb zdbûfq Iftkc vfdÛ zdkhfdrk bf jsv kfrfÏcl isV svfoD kfv ivifsvv ubA nìt hxdÝ jvsk ifsv.

nnn¶¶ ¶ ffftttfffkkkcc cttt JJJfffWWWIII (((HHHsssqqqvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp)))

wÛ¢v nfmsb Jcb rsq pfWqfv Hq Kfjf nsÙ¶W bfmfp W ufmfzfk mfI bq. sn zh²¿fskW durfslv mqlfsb pKfnmsq ufmfzfk nrjfsv bfmfp iVskƒ rsh mcndtmsj. ˆ hAfifsv mrfb zfïfr hstb,

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�9�&�<fC� )�6�$א zKGf{, kcdm pJb kfslv mfsU zh²¿fb jvsh W kfslv dbsq bfmfp iVsh kJb ˆjlt spb skfmfv nsÌ l]fVfq, zfv kfvf spb nw²Ã Kfsj. zk}iv dnulfr jvf rst kfvf spb skfmfslv diYsb zh²¿fb jsv; zfv ziv ˆjlt pfvf bfmfsp wvDj rqdb kfvf skfmfv nfsK spb bfmfsp wvDj rq ˆhQ kfvf spb nkjG W nw²Ã Kfsj. jfsIvvf jfmbf jsv, spb skfmvf skfmfslv z²Ã-w²Ã W zfnhfhiÛ nìsá znkjG rW, pfsk kfvf skfmfslv …iv rEf{ U]fdisq iVsk ifsv. zfv z²Ã vfJfsk skfmfslv sjfb slfN sbƒ pdl hxdó-hflstv ubA skfmfslv jó rq zKhf skfmfslv zncJ rq. dj§Â zhwAƒ skfmvf ù]dwqfv Kfjsh. dbÇyq zfïfr jfsIvslv ubA tfÒbfjv wfd²À ia²Âk svsJsYb. (jc} 4/102) Hsqv bfmfp ðÝ hBGbf msk smfefmcde 6 Hfsh iVf pfq. pf nQs[si dbmv™i }- 1. wÛ¢ djhtf YfVf zbA dlsj Kfjst ƒmfm ˆjlt SnsbAv nfsK ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp isV zsi[f jvshb. mcÙÁflDoB dbsu dbsu zfv ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp isV nftfm dIsv …sE dosq wÛ¢v nfmsb JfVf rsh. zk}iv zbA lt SnbA ˆsn ƒmfsmv nfsK ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp iVsh. ˆviv ƒmfm hsn pfshb ˆhQ mcÙÁflDoB dbsu dbsu hfjD ˆj vfjzfk icvf jsv sbsh. idvswsN ƒmfm kfslvsj dbsq nftfm dIvshb. (hc}, mc}, zflf}, dk}, bf}) 2. wÛ¢ djhtf YfVf zbA dlsj Kfjst ƒmfm ˆjlt SnsbAv nfsK ˆj vfjzfk


275

bfmfp isV zsi[f jvshb. mcÙÁflDoB nftfm dIsv …sE dosq wÛ¢v nfmsb JfVf rsh. zk}iv zbA lt SnbA ˆsn ƒmfsmv nfsK ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp iVsh. ˆviv ƒmfm nftfm dIvshb ˆhQ mcÙÁflDvf hfjD ˆj vfjzfk icvf jsv sbsh. zk}iv ˆ lt wÛ¢v nfmsb JfVf rst iaKm ltW kfslv hfjD ˆj vfjzfk jfpf jsv sbsh. (zf}, hc}, mc}) 3. ƒmfm iaKm ltsj dbsq 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV nftfm dIvshb. zk}iv kfvf wÛ¢v nfmsb sost däkDq ltsj dbsq zfhfv 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVshb. zfv ˆ 2 vfjzfk bfmfp ƒmfsmv ubA bIt rsh. (zf}, zf}, bf}) 4. wÛ¢ djhtfv dlsj rst njst dmst bfmfsp l]fdVsq pfsh. njstƒ ˆj nsÌ v¢jC jvsh, zk}iv mfKf kcst iaKm lt (jfkfv) ƒmfsmv nfsK dnulfr jvsh ˆhQ däkDq lt (jfkfv) wÛ¢v smfjfshtfq JfVf Kfjsh. zk}iv iaKm jfkfv dnulfr swN jvst däkDq jfkfv dnulfq pfsh. zbcv™i däkDq vfjzfk iVsh ˆhQ nhGswsN njst ˆj nfsK nftfm dIvsh. (zf}, mc}, bf}, ƒmf}, hf}) 5. …Hq ltƒ ƒmfsmv nfsK bfmfsp l]fVfsh. zk}iv ˆjlt wÛ¢v nfmsb JfVf Kfjsh ˆhQ ˆj ltsj dbsq ƒmfm ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp iVshb. ˆviv ˆ lt …sE wÛ¢v smfjfshtfq Kfjsh ˆhQ ziv lt ˆsn dbsu dbsu ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp isV sbsh, zfv ˆ nmq ƒmfm JfVf Kfjshb. kfviv ˆƒ ltsj dbsq ƒmfm däkDq vfjzfk iVshb ˆhQ njst hsn pfsh. zk}iv ziv lt ˆsn dbsu dbsu kfslv hfjD ˆj vfjzfk isV sbsh. nhGswsN ƒmfm W mcÙÁflD dmst ˆj nfsK nftfm dIvsh. (zf}, zflf} bf}) 6. ƒmfsmv nfsK iaskAj lt ˆj vfjzfk jsv bfmfp iVsh. ƒmfsmv rsh 2 vfjzfk ˆhQ mcÙÁflDslv ˆj vfjzfk. iaKm lt ˆj vfjzfk isV (nftfm dIsv) wÛ¢v smfjfshtfq yst pfsh. zk}iv däkDq lt ˆsn ƒmfsmv diYsb wvDj rsq mfÛ ˆj vfjzfk iVsh. idvswsN ƒ ltsj dbsq ƒmfm nftfm dIvshb. (zf}, mc}, zflf}, bf}, ƒdr}) mfosvshv bfmfp rst ƒmfm iaKm ltsj dbsq 2 vfjzfk ˆhQ däkDq ltsj dbsq ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp iVshb. zKhf iaKm ltsj dbsq ˆj vfjzfk ˆhQ däkDq ltsj dbsq 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVshb. (dInc} zfvhD 1/247)

HHHqqq ssshhhwwwDDD rrrsssttt

Hq shsV sost ˆhQ pcÝ nQOdek rst iaskAsj dbu dbu nfmKGA zbcpfqD ytf zh²¿fq, nWqfv zh²¿fq, sjhtfv dlsj mcJ jsv zKhf bf jsv, spHfshƒ srfj, ƒdÌsk-ƒwfvfq v¢jC-dnulfr jsv bfmfp n©iâ jvsh. U]csj v¢jC-dnulfr jvst v¢jCv sysq dnulfv zh²¿fq shwD U]cjsh. (hc}, mc}) U]cjfv ncspfo bf Kfjst sjht kjhDv hst mfKfv ƒwfvfq bfmfp zflfq jvsk rsh. (hf}, dnnfb} 76ix})


276

nnncc câââkkk WWW bbbIIIttt (((zzzdddkkkdddvvvÙÙÙÁÁÁ))) bbbfffmmmfffppp sp bfmfp iVf hfLAkfmCtj bq, pf kAfo jvst sofbfr rq bf dj§Â iVst nWqfh rq snƒ swaBDv bfmfspv hV mfrfk¹A vsqsY wvDqsk. vnCt � hstb, ªdjqfmskv dlb hf¦lfv dbje sKsj kfv zfmtnmCsrv msLA sp zfmstv drnfh nhGfsoa sbWqf rsh, kf rt bfmfp. bfmfp dEj rst sn idvÛfB W nItkf tfH jvsh. bsy{ (bfmfp dEj bf rst) L¶Qn W [dkoa²À rsh. nckvfQ (drnfshv nmq) Ivp bfmfsp sjfb jmdk slJf sost zfïfr kfhfvfjf zkfzftf dIdvñfslv�…sÜswA htshb, `slJ, zfmfv hf¦lfv sjfb bIt (bfmfp) zfsY dj bf.' zkˆh kfv bIt bfmfp äfvf Ivp bfmfspv Ofedk iCvB jvf rsh. zk}iv zfsvf njt zfmstv drnfh zbcv™i oarB jvf rsh.« (nzflf} 770, ndk} 337, nƒmf} 117bQ, nkf} 1/185) mrfbhD � hstb, zfïfr hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfmfv ztDv dhv¢sÝ wÛ¢kf sifNB jvsh, zfdm kfv dhv¢sÝ pcÝ sOfNBf jvh. hf¦lf pf djYc dlsq zfmfv SbjeA tfH jsv Kfsj kfv msLA zfmfv dbje diaqkm rt snƒ ƒhflk, pf zfdm kfv …iv Ivp jsvdY. zfv sn bIt ƒhflk äfvf zfmfv SbjeA zuGb jvsk Kfsj. idvswsN zfdm kfsj Hfstfhfdn. zk}iv zfdm kfv swfbfv jfb rsq pfƒ, kfv slJfv syfJ rsq pfƒ, kfv Lvfv rfk rsq pfƒ, kfv ytfv if rsq pfƒ! sn zfmfv jfsY djYc yfƒst zfdm zhwAƒ kfsj kf lfb jdv. sn zfmfv jfsY zfwaq iafKGbf jvst zfdm zhwAƒ kfsj zfwaq dlsq Kfdj. zfv zfdm sp jfu jdv kfsk sjfb däLf jdv bf -pkef däLf jdv ˆub mcdmsbv uDhb n©isjG; jfvB, sn mvBsj ziY¦l jsv. zfv zfdm kfv (sh]sy sKsj) jó ifWqfsj ziY¦l jdv.« (hc} 6502bQ) …sïJA sp, zfïfr hf¦lfv jfb, syfJ, rfk W if rWqfv zKG rt, hf¦lf zfïfrv n§Âdómskƒ ˆ nhsj hAhrfv jsv. pfsk hAhrfv jvst dkdb zn§Âó, kfsk sn ‰ njt zÌsj hAhrfv jsv bf.

bbbIIIttt bbbfffmmmfffppp OOOsssvvv iiiVVVfff HHHfffttt Ivp bfmfp dhdLhÝ rsqsY äDsbv iayfv W kfv iakDsjv hdr}iajfw Oefsbfv …sÜswA. kfƒ Ivp bfmfp iajfwAHfsh stfj mfsU iadkôf jvf rq. i[f§Àsv bIt bfmfp dhdLhÝ rsqsY dbYj mrfb zfïfrv n§Âdó jfmbf jsv k]fv SbjeA tfH jvfv ts[A. nckvfQ bIt bfmfp pk Èå rsh, kk stfjys[v lxdó zfjNGB kKf `dvqf' sKsj zdLj lCv W idhÛ rsh. (Ifƒpct j¶flDv 4/220) zfv sn ubAƒ bIt bfmfp öoxsr sofisb iVf …Ùm. kfYfVf bIt bfmfp Osv iVst bfmfspv kvDjf W Èv¢k¶ idvhfv-idvusbv jfsY iajfw ifq. zfv ˆ ubA ùjcm rt, ªskfmvf Osv bfmfp iV ˆhQ kf jhv hfdbsq dbW bf.« (hc} 432, mc} 777, zflf} 1448, dk}, bf}, nuf} 3784bQ) zKGf{, jhsv hf jhv²¿fsb


277

spmb bfmfp sbƒ hf rq bf snƒv™i dbsuv OvsjW bfmfprDb jsv svsJf bf. mrfbhD � zfsvf hstb, ªskfmvf öoxsr bfmfp iV ˆhQ kfsk bIt iVsk sYsVf bf.« (dnn} 1910, nuf} 3786bQ) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… pJb mndusl (Ivp) bfmfp n©iâ jsv kJb kfv …dyk, sn spb kfv bfmfspv djYc zQw (ncâk bfmfp) dbsuv hfdVv ubA vfsJ. jfvB hfdVsk iVf ‰ djYc bfmfspv msLA zfïfr jtAfB dbdrk svsJsYb.« (mc}778bQ)

mrfbhD hstb, ªsr mfbhnjt! skfmvf öoxsr bfmfp zflfq jv. spsrkc Ivp bfmfp YfVf mfbcsNv swaôkm bfmfp rt kfv öoxsr iVf bfmfp.« (bf}, ƒJc}, nkf} 437bQ) bhD mchfwXdwv � hstb, ªspJfsb stfsj slJsk ifq snJfsb mfbcsNv bIt bfmfp zsi[f spJfsb stfsj slJsk ifq bf snJfsbv bfmfp 25 de bfmfspv hvfhv.« (zfhC qAf'tf, nuf} 3821bQ)

zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªstfjy[cv n©mcsJ (bIt) bfmfp iVf zsi[f mfbcsNv öoxsr bfmfp iVfv IpDtk dEj snƒv™i, spv™i bIt bfmfp zsi[f Ivp bfmfspv IpDtk hùocsB zdLj.« (hf}, nkf} 438bQ) ˆmb dj mlDbfhfnDv ubAW mndusl bhhDsk bIt bfmfp iVfv yfƒsk dbu dbu Osv iVf shwD …Ùm. (zflf}, nuf} 3814bQ)

bbbIIIttt bbbfffmmmfffsssppp tttìììfff dddjjjqqqfffmmm jjjvvvfff ………ÙÙÙmmm bIt bfmfp nfLfvBk} ˆjfv bfmfp. kfƒ kfsk ƒ¤Yfmk tìf dj¶vfzfk jvf pfq. hvQ ˆƒ bfmfsp djqfm tìf jvf mc²Àfrfh. mrfbhD �-sj duÎfnf jvf rt sp, nhsysq …Ùm bfmfp dj? …Ùsv dkdb htstb, ªtìf djqfm-dhdwó bfmfp.« (zflf} 1449bQ) zfv ˆ jKf dhdlk sp, mrfbhD � kfrfÏcslv bfmfsp ˆk tìf djqfm jvskb sp, kfsk k]fv if Icst spk. nfrfhfoB hstdYstb, zfïfr zfibfv zfsov-isvv njt sofbfr mfI jsv dlsqsYb khcW zfidb sjb zbcv™i bfmfp isVb? …Ùsv dkdb hstdYstb, ªzfdm dj zfïfrv jxkÎ hf¦lf rh bf?« (hc}, mc}, zf}, dk}, bf} ƒmf}, dm} 1220bQ)

bbbIIIttt bbbfffmmmfffppp dddhhhbbbfff WWWuuusssvvv hhhsssnnn iiiVVVfffWWW SSShhhLLL iaKm Jsà (79ixôfq) zfstfdyk rsqsY sp, n[m rst Ivp bfmfp l]fdVsq iVf Ivp. dj§Â bIt bfmfp [mkf KfjskW hsn iVfW ShL. pdlW hsn bfmfp iVfv nWqfh l]fdVsq bfmfp iVfv nWqfshv zsLGj. mrfbhD � hstb, ªhsn bfmfp iVfv nWqfh zsLGj bfmfspv hvfhv.« (hc}, dm} 1249bQ) hvQ bIt bfmfp dy{ rsq ðsqW iVf pfq. ksh ˆ zh²¿fq hsn iVfv zsLGj nWqfh rsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfv ðsq bfmfp iVfv nWqfh hsn bfmfp ifv zsLGj.« (hc}


278

1116bQ, mcm} 4/113-114) bIt bfmfspv djYc zQw l]fdVsq ˆhQ djYc zQw hsn iVf pfq. hvQ ˆjƒ djqfsmv djYc zQw l]fdVsq ˆhQ djYc zQw hsn dj¶vfzfk jvf pfq. kfsk djqfsmv iaKm zKhf swN zQw hsn rstW sjfb slfNfhr bq. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `dkdb hsn dj¶vfzfk jvskb. zk}iv v¢jC jvfv ƒ¤Yf jvst …sE l]fdVsq spskb.' (mc} 731bQ) mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `vfskv bfmfsp zfdm bhD �-sj hsn dj¶vfzfk jvsk sldJdb. zk}iv dkdb pJb hfLGsjA …ibDk rstb, kJb dkdb hsn dj¶vfzfk jvskb. idvswsN pJb 40 hf 30 zfqfk hfjD Kfjk, kJb dkdb JfVf rsq kf ifE jvskb. zk}iv (v¢jC) dnulf jvskb.' ((mc} 731bQ, zf}, nczf})

nnncc câââkkk bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv jjjfffpppfff ncâk bfmfp Ycse sost jfpf iVf ncâk, uv¢vD bq. i[f§Àsv ƒ¤Yf jsv sYsV dlst kfv jfpf sbƒ. iVst kf mjhctW bq. (mcm} 4/102)

bbbIIIttt bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv iiiaa ajjjfffvvvsssHHHlll Ivp bfmfp YfVf zbAfbA bfmfp lcƒ iajfv. iaKm iajfv rt snƒ bfmfp, pf (nmq W vfjzfk nQJAf äfvf) dbdlGó bq. ˆ bfmfp dbdNÝ nmq YfVf sp sjfb nmsq zdbdlGó vfjzfsk iVf pfq. zfv däkDq iajfv rt snƒ bfmfp, pf (nmq W vfjzfk nQJAf äfvf) dbdlGó. sp bfmfspv dbdlGó nmq W vfjzfk nQJAf mrfbhD � jkGxj iamfdBk zfsY. ˆƒ swaBDv bfmfp zfhfv lcƒ iajfv; ncâfsk mczfÄflfr W ofqv mczfÄflfr.

nnncc câââfffssskkk mmmcc czzzfffÄÄÄffflllfffrrr WWW ooofffqqqvvv mmmcc czzzfffÄÄÄffflllfffrrr sp ncâk Ivp bfmfspv zfso-disY iVf rq kf rt lcƒ iajfv. iaKm iajfv rt, ncâfsk mczfÄflfr hf ncâfsk vfskhfr. zfv däkDq rt, ncâfsk ofqv mczfÄflfr hf ofqv vfskhfr. (dInc} …lGc 160ix} û})

nnncc câââfffssskkk mmmcc czzzfffÄÄÄffflllfffrrr hhhfff vvvfffssskkkhhhfffrrr ncâfsk mczfÄflfr snƒ ncâk bfmfp, pf mrfbhD � Ivp bfmfspv zfso-disY dbsu isVsYb ˆhQ …©mksj iVsk kfjDl, …äcÝ W zbciafdBk jsvsYb. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªsp sjfb mcndtm hf¦lf iakAr zfïfr kfzftfv …sÜswA hfsvf vfjzfk bIt (Ivp hAkDk ncâk) bfmfp iVstƒ zfïfr kfzftf ufâfsk kfv


279

ubA ˆj oxr dbmGfB jsvb. zKhf kfv ubA ufâfsk ˆj Ov dbmGfB jvf rq.« (mc} 728bQ, zflf}, bf}, dk}) dkvdmpDv hBGbfq djYc wè zdLj vsqsY, ª(‰ hfsvf vfjzfk bfmfp;) spfrsvv (Ivspv) iCshG yfv vfjzfk W isv lcƒ vfjzfk, mfosvshv isv lcƒ vfjzfk, ˆwfv isv lcƒ vfjzfk, zfv Iusvv (Ivp bfmfspv) iCshG lcƒ vfjzfk.« rpvk zfsqwf ��2�4א��en� rsk hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ dbqmdbôHfsh dlhfvfsÛ hfsvf vfjzfk bfmfp iVsh sn ufâfsk iashw jvsh; spfrsvv (Ivp bfmfspv) iCshG yfv vfjzfk W isv lcƒ vfjzfk, mfosvshv iv lcƒ vfjzfk, ˆwfv iv lcƒ vfjzfk ˆhQ Iusvv (Ivspv) iCshG lcƒ vfjzfk.« (bf}, ˆhQ wèocdt k]fvƒ, dk}, ƒmf}, nkf} 577bQ)

IIIuuusssvvvvvv iiiCC CssshhhGG G lllcc cƒƒƒ vvvfffjjjzzzfffkkk nnncc câââkkk

� ˆƒ bfmfspv IpDtk }ˆƒ bfmfspv IpDtk }ˆƒ bfmfspv IpDtk }ˆƒ bfmfspv IpDtk } rpvk zfsqwf ��2�4א��en� rsk hdBGk, bhD hstb, ªIusvv lcƒ vfjzfk (ncâk) ixdKhD W k¦mLAd²¿k njt h²Â zsi[f …Ùm.« (mcndtm 725bQ, dkvdmpD) mf zfsqwf ��2�4א��en� hstb, `bhD � Iusvv ncâskv mk zbA sjfb bIt bfmfsp kk dbôf ialwGb jvskb bf.' (zf}, hc}, mc}) rpvk zfhc …mfmf rsk hdBGk, bhD hstsYb, ª(Iusvv nmq) sp hAdÙÁ (öoxsr) Wpc jsv. zk}iv mndusl ˆsn Iusvv (Ivp) bfmfspv iCshG lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isV. zk}iv hsn (zsi[f j'sv) Iusvv bfmfp (ufmfzfsk) isV, snƒ hAdÙÁv sndlbjfv bfmfp sbj stfjslv bfmfpv™si dtdihÝ jvf rq. zfv kfv bfm ivm jv¢Bfmq (zfïfrv) iadkdbdLlstv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq.« (k¶fh}, nkf} 413bQ)

� ˆ bfmfpsj rfîf jsv iVf }ˆ bfmfpsj rfîf jsv iVf }ˆ bfmfpsj rfîf jsv iVf }ˆ bfmfpsj rfîf jsv iVf } rpvk rfInf (vf}) hstb, bhD � Iusvv bfmfspv iCshG zfmfv Osv lcƒ vfjzfk ncâk iVskb ˆhQ kf Jchƒ rfîf jsv iVskb.' (zf}, hc}, mc}) rpvk zfsqwf ��2�4א��en� hstb, ` bhD � Iusvv bfmfspv iCshG lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb ˆhQ kf ˆk nQs[si iVskb sp, zfdm ns¦lr jvkfm, dkdb kfsk nCvf Ifdkrf iVstb dj bf.' (zf})

� ˆ bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk }ˆ bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk }ˆ bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk }ˆ bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk } ˆƒ bfmfspv iaKm vfjzfsk bhD mchfwXdwv � nCvf jfdIv™b ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk


280

nCvf ƒJtfn (j¶ct ùWqfïfù zfrfl) iVskb. (mc} 726, zflf} 1256, dk} 417, ƒmf} 1149bQ) dkdb htskb, ª…Ùm nCvf sn lcde, sp lcde Iusvv iCshG lcƒ vfjzfsk iVf rq; `j¶ct ƒqf zfƒqcArft jfdIv™b' ˆhQ `j¶ct ùWqfïfù zfrfl.« (ƒmf} 1150, ƒdr}, hf} ðzfhct „mfb, dnn} 646bQ) jJsbf jJsbf dkdb ˆƒ bfmfspv iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf hfj¶fvfv 136 bQ zfqfk ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf zfst ƒmvfsbv 64bQ zfqfk ifE jvskb. (mc} 727bQ, ƒJc}, rf}, hf}) zfhfv sjfb sjfb nmsq iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf hfj¶fvfv 136bQ zfqfk ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf zfst ƒmvfsbv 52 bQ zfqfk iVskb. (zflf} 1259bQ) ˆ YfVf Iusvv ncâk rfîf jsv iVf ncâk. zkˆh kfsk pdl sjht nCvf Ifdkrf iVf pfq, kfrstW ShL. (dInc}) iajfw Kfsj sp, Iusvv ncâk iVfv iv dbdlGó sjfb lczf iVfv rflDn nrDr bq. (kfdm} 238-239ix})

� ˆƒ bfmfspv iv Fˆƒ bfmfspv iv Fˆƒ bfmfspv iv Fˆƒ bfmfspv iv Ffbjfsk wqb }fbjfsk wqb }fbjfsk wqb }fbjfsk wqb } rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `bhD � pJb Iusvv ncâk isV dbskb, kJb Ffb jfsk wqb jvskb.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 1190bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, `bhD � Iusvv ncâk iVskb. kfviv pdl zfdm Ocdmsq Kfjkfm kfrst dkdb wqb jvskb. bsy{, zfdm suso Kfjst dkdb zfmfv nsÌ jKf htskb.' (zf}, hc}, mc}, nczf}, dm} 1189bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… pJb Iusvv lcƒ vfjzfk ncâk isV sbq, kJb sn spb Ffb jfsk wqb jsv.« (zflf}, dk}, ƒdr}, ƒJc}, nuf} 642bQ) n©Hhk} …ÙÁ wqb sp hAdÙÁ kfrfÏcl iVsh kfv ubA ncâk. pfsk ˆjefbf bfmfp iVfv iv Ivp bfmfp iVfv zfso ˆjec dudvsq dbsk ifsv. iv§Â kfv ubA ncâk bq, sp ˆjhfv mfdesk ifw¶G vfJst yeX jsv Ocdmsq isV ˆhQ kfv Ist Iusvv ufmfzfkƒ Ycse pfq. (mcm} 4/100) klbcv™i …ÙÁ wqb sp hAdÙÁ hfnfq ncâk iVsh kfv ubA ncâk W mc²Àfrfh. i[f§Àsv sp mndusl ncâk iVsh kfv ubA mc²Àfrfh bq. jfvB, mrfbhD �-ˆv wqsbv jKf k]fv hfnfq Kfjf zh²¿fq …sïJ rsqsY. mndusl ncâk isV sp dkdb wqb jvskb, kfv …sïJ sbƒ. ƒhsb …mfv …ÙÁ mk sifNB jvskb. kfƒ mndusl sj… Iusvv ncâskv iv wqb jvst kfsj j]fjv Y]csV …dEsq dlskb. (Ihf}, ƒzfwf}, dInc} 1/166) ˆƒ ubAƒ Iusvv ncâskv iv mndusl wqbsj zsbsj dhlzfk hst m§ÀhA jsvsYb. (mcdh} 337ix})

ˆƒ bfmfspv jfpf }ˆƒ bfmfspv jfpf }ˆƒ bfmfspv jfpf }ˆƒ bfmfspv jfpf } zbAfbA ncâfsk mczfÄflfr bfmfspv kctbfq …ÙÁ bfmfspv ˆk shwD Èv¢k¶ sp,


281

mrfbhD � Osv-nIsv kf iVskb ˆhQ kf Ycse sost jfpf jvsk …äcÝ jvskb. ˆjlf mrfbhD � nfrfhfhsoGv nfsK ˆj nIsv dYstb. Iusvv bfmfspv nmq njst oHDvHfsh Ocdmsq Kfjst nmq …ÙDBG rsq sot. nCspGv Yef k]fslv mcsJ tfost sykb rstb. zk}iv ˆjec nsv dosq mrfbhD � dhtft -sj zfpfb dlsk htstb. ˆviv Iusvv lcƒ vfjzfk ncâk iVstb. kfviv ƒjfmk dlsq Iusvv Ivp iVstb. (zf}, hc},mc} 681bQ) …ÙÁ bfmfp jfpf jvfv lcde nmq rflDsn hdBGk rsqsY. Iusvv iv sjfb bIt iVf dbdNÝ rstW Iusvv zfso Ycse pfWqf ncâksj Ivspv iv iVf pfq. zfv ˆde rt hAdkÛÁm bfmfp. ˆjlf ˆj hAdÙÁ mndusl ˆsn slJt zfïfrv bhD � Iusvv Ivp iVsYb. sn ncâk bf isV ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq sot. zk}iv ufmfzfk swsN …sE Iusvv Ycse pfWqf lcƒ vfjzfk ncâk zflfq jvt. mrfbhD � kfv jfsY ˆsn htstb, ªˆde zfhfv sjfbX bfmfp? (Iusvv bfmfp dj lcƒhfv?)« stfjde htt, `Iusvv lcƒ vfjzfk ncâk Ycse dosqdYt.' ˆ jKf ðsb dkdb zfv djYcƒ htstb bf (yci Kfjstb). (zf}, zflf} 1267, dk}, ƒmf} 1154, ƒJc}, ƒdr}) zfv ˆj rflDsn mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ Iusvv 2 vfjzfk (ncâk) bf isV Kfsj, sn spb kf nCpG WEfv iv isV sbq.« (zf}, dk}, rf}, ƒJc}, dnn} 283, nuf} 6542bQ) ˆƒ bfmfp dhNqj zfsvf ˆƒ bfmfp dhNqj zfsvf ˆƒ bfmfp dhNqj zfsvf ˆƒ bfmfp dhNqj zfsvf djYc mfnfsqt }djYc mfnfsqt }djYc mfnfsqt }djYc mfnfsqt } mndusl ˆsn ncâfsk mczfÄflfr iVst ixKj zfv kfdrqAfkct mndul bfmfp iVfv iasqfub rq bf. dj§Â sj… pdl kf isV ncâfsk mczfÄflfr isV kfrstW sjfb [dk rq bf. khcW Iusvv nmq …Ùm rt kfdrqAfkct mfndul bf isV sjht Iusvv ncâk iVf. jfvB, mrfbhD � Iusvv ncâkƒ hV nQs[si iVskb. (Ifkfufmf} 17-18ix}) kfYfVf dkdb hstsYb, ªskfmfslv msLA …id²¿k hAdÙÁ�zbcid²¿k hAdÙÁsj spb si]ZsY slq sp, Iusvv (zfpfsbv) iv lc' vfjzfk (ncâk) YfVf zfv sjfb (bIt) bfmfp isVf bf.« (zf}, zflf} 1278 bQ) ªIusvv iv lcƒ vfjzfk YfVf zfv sjfb bfmfp sbƒ.« (dk}, ƒo} 478, nuf} 7511bQ)

ssspppfffrrrsssvvvvvv nnncc câââkkk bhD mchfwXdwv � spfrsvv ncâk jJsbf 4 vfjzfk iVskb; 2 vfjzfk Ivspv iCshG ˆhQ 2 vfjzfk Ivspv isv. ƒhsb …mfv hstb, `zfdm bhD �-ˆv dbje sKsj 10 vfjzfk bfmfp ±mvsB svsJdY; 2 vfjzfk spfrsvv iCshG, 2 vfjzfk spfrsvv isv, 2 vfjzfk mfosvshv isv dbu Osv, 2 vfjzfk ˆwfv isv dbu Osv ˆhQ 2 vfjzfk Iusvv bfmfspv iCshG.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 1160bQ) jJsbf 6 vfjzfk iVskb; 4 vfjzfk Ivspv iCshG ˆhQ 2 vfjzfk Ivspv isv.


282

zfècïfr dhb wfjDj mf zfsqwf (vf})sj zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv ncâk iansÌ iaw jvst …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `dkdb spfrsvv zfso 4 vfjzfk ˆhQ spfrsvv isv 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb.' (zf}, mc}, zflf}, dm} 1162bQ) zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªsp sjfb mcndtm hf¦lf iakAr zfïfr kfzftfv …sÜswA hfsvf vfjzfk bIt (Ivp hAkDk ncâk) bfmfp iVstƒ zfïfr kfzftf ufâfsk kfv ubA ˆj oxr dbmGfB jsvb. zKhf kfv ubA ufâfsk ˆj Ov dbmGfB jvf rq. (‰ hfsvf vfjzfk bfmfp;) spfrsvv (Ivspv) iCshG yfv vfjzfk W isv lcƒ vfjzfk, mfosvshv isv lcƒ vfjzfk, ˆwfv isv lcƒ vfjzfk, zfv Iusvv (Ivp bfmfspv) iCshG lcƒ vfjzfk.« (mc}, dk}, dm} 1159bQ) zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ dbqmdbôHfsh dlhfvfsÛ hfsvf vfjzfk bfmfp iVsh sn ufâfsk iashw jvsh; spfrsvv (Ivp bfmfspv) iCshG yfv vfjzfk W isv lcƒ vfjzfk, mfosvshv iv lcƒ vfjzfk, ˆwfv iv lcƒ vfjzfk ˆhQ Iusvv (Ivspv) iCshG lcƒ vfjzfk.« (bf}, wèocdt k]fvƒ, dk}, ƒmf}, nkf}577bQ) dkdb jJsbf hf 8 vfjzfk iVskb; 4 vfjzfk Ivspv iCshG ˆhQ 4 vfjzfk Ivspv isv. rpvk …s©m rfhDhf ��2�4א��en� jkxGj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt ˆv dbje wcsbdY, dkdb hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ spfrsvv iCshG 4 vfjzfk ˆhQ isv 4 vfjzfk (ncâk bfmfspv) iadk ndhswN pk´hfb rsh, zfïfr kfsj ufrfâfsmv ubA rfvfm jsv slshb.« (zf}, nczf}, dm} 1167, nkf} 581bQ) zfècïfr dhb nfsqh hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � nCpG Ttfv iv spfrsvv zfso 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb ˆhQ htskb, ªˆef rt ˆmb nmq, sp nmsq zfnmfsbv lvufnmCr …¦mcÙÁ jvf rq. zfv zfdm iY¦l jdv sp, ˆƒ nmsq zfmfv sbj zfmt …dÚk srfj.« (dk}, dm} 1169bQ) spfrsvv iCshG 4 vfjzfk ncâk, nWqfsh 4 vfjzfk kfrfÏcl iVfv nmfb. (ƒzfwf}, dnn} 1431bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, spfrsvv iCshG hf isv ‰ 4 vfjzfk jsv bfmfp 2 vfjzfk jsv isV nftfm dIvf …Ùm. jfvB, mrfbhD � hstb, ªvfk W dlsbv bfmfp 2 vfjzfk jsv.« (zflf}) ksh ˆjefbf 4 vfjzfk ˆj nftfsmW iVf ShL. (dnn} 1/477, 237bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªspfrsvv iCshG 4 vfjzfk; (pfv mfsU sjfb nftfm sbƒ,) kfv ubA zfnmfsbv lvufnmCr …¦mcÙÁ jvf rq.« (zflf} 1270, ƒmf} 1157, ƒJc} 1214, nuf} 885bQ, swN kfrj¶Dsj hábDv mfsUv wèÈdt nrDr bq.) zfhC zfƒqch zfbnfvD hstb, bhD � nCpG Ttfv nmq 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iakAr iVskb. ˆjlf zfdm httfm, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfidb nCpG Ttfv nmq ˆƒ 4 vfjzfk iakAr iVsYb?' dkdb htstb, ªnCpG Ttfv nmq zfnmfsbv lvufnmCr sJftf


283

rq ˆhQ spfrsvv bfmfp bf iVf ipG§À há jvf rq bf. zkˆh zfdm iY¦l jdv sp, ˆƒ nmq zfmfv sbj zfmt (zfjfsw zfïfrv dbje) …Efsbf srfj.« zfdm httfm, `kfv iaskAj vfjzfskƒ dj dj¶vfzfk zfsY?' dkdb htstb, ªr]Af.« zfdm httfm, `kfv mfsU dj ixKjjfvD nftfm zfsY?' dkdb htstb, ªbf.« (mcJkfnfv¢w wfmfƒdtt mcrf©mfdlqAfr, zfthfbD 249bQ) zhwA zsbsjv msk ‰ bfmfp pfWqfstv ncâk. ksh mndusl dosq iVst ufmfzfskv nmq sJqft svsJ ˆj nftfm hf 2 nftfsmv dbqk jvsk rq. pfsk nmq nQjDBG rst ˆhQ 3 vfjzfk iCBG bf rsk rsk ƒjfmk bf rsq hsn. bsy{, ncâk kAfo jsv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsk rst nhecjcƒ hvhfl pfsh. i[f§Àsv 2 vfjzfk jsv iVst bó rWqfv Hq Kfjsh bf.

ˆƒ ncâskv jfpf }ˆƒ ncâskv jfpf }ˆƒ ncâskv jfpf }ˆƒ ncâskv jfpf } ncâk jfpf iVf ncâk; uv¢vD bq. jfvBhwk} spfrsvv iCshGv ncâk iVsk bf ifvst Ivspv (isvv ncâskv) isv kf jfpf jvf dhsLq. rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `bhD � spfrsvv iCshGv 4 vfjzfk iVsk bf ifvst (Ivspv) isv kf isV dbskb.' (dk}, kfdm} 241ix}) klbcv™i spfrsvv isvv ncâk iVsk nmq bf sisq spfrsvv zÙÁX zdkhfdrk rstW zfnsvv iv (dbdNÝ nmq rstW) kf jfpf iVf pfq. …s©m nftfmfr (vf}) hstb, `ˆjlf zfïfrv vnCt � spfrsvv (Ivp) bfmfp iVstb. ƒdk zhnsv djYc (nfljfv) mft ˆsn …id²¿k rt. dkdb kf h¦eb jvsk hnstb. ˆviv zfnsvv zfpfb rsq sot. dkdb zfnsvv bfmfp iVstb. kfviv zfmfv Osv dIsv ˆstb. sndlb dYt zfmfv (Osv k]fv Kfjfv ifdt). dkdb ˆsn 2 vfjzfk rfîf jsv bfmfp iVstb. zfmvf httfm, `ˆ 2 vfjzfk sjfbX bfmfp sr zfïfrv vnCt? zfidb dj kf iVsk zfdló rsqsYb?' dkdb htstb, ªbf, zfnst ˆef rt snƒ 2 vfjzfk bfmfp, pf zfdm spfrsvv iv isV Kfdj. dj§Â zfu ˆƒ mft ˆsn sost kf h¦eb jvsk hA²À rsq iVst zfnsvv zfpfb rsq pfq. Ist ‰ bfmfp zfmfv hfl isV pfq. zfv kf sYsV dlskW zfdm ziY¦l jvtfm.« (zf}, hc}, mc}, zflf}) zfv ˆ jKf dhdlk sp, mrfbhD � sp zfmt ˆjhfv jvskb, kf dbqdmk jsv spskb ˆhQ huGb jvsk iY¦l jvskb bf. pfv ubA mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � zfnsvv iv zfmfv jfsY 2 vfjzfk (k]fv ƒd§Àjft zhdL) jJsbf kAfo jsvbdb.' (hc}, mc}, dm} 1178bQ) …sïJA sp, ‰ 2 vfjzfk bfmfp mrfbhD �-ˆv zbcjvsB zfmvfW iVsk ifdv. zhwA zfnsvv iv dbdNÝ nmq rstW nCpG rtclhBG rst kshƒ sn nmq bfmfp dbdNÝ. (zflf} 1274bQ) kfv zfso bq. (dh²Àfdvk û} dnn} 6/1010-1014) mfosvshv ncâk }mfosvshv ncâk }mfosvshv ncâk }mfosvshv ncâk }


284

iCshGv jsqjde rflDsn …sïJ rsqsY sp, mfosvshv iv 2 vfjzfk ncâk mrfbhD � kAfo jvskb bf. ksh ˆƒ ncâk dkdb Osv iVskb. ˆjlf mfosvshv iv dkdb htstb, ªˆƒ 2 vfjzfk skfmvf dbu dbu Osv dosq iV.« (zf}, zflf}, dk}, bf}, dm} 1182bQ) mfosvshv ncâskW Iusvv ncâskv mkƒ iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf jfdIv™b ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn iVf ncâk. rpvk ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, `zfdm Èbsk ifdv bf sp, bhD � mfosvshv iv W Iusvv iCshGv ncâsk jkhfv nCvf jfdIv™b W nCvf ƒJtfn ifE jsvsYb.' (dk} 431, ƒmf} 1161bQ)

ˆwfv ncâk }ˆwfv ncâk }ˆwfv ncâk }ˆwfv ncâk } iCshGv ˆjfdLj rflDsn …sïJ rsqsY sp, ˆwfv isv mrfbhD � 2 vfjzfk ncâk dbsuv Osv iVskb. i[f§Àsv ˆwfv bfmfp iv hfdV dIsv k]fv 4 zKhf 6 vfjzfk bfmfp iVfv rflDn nrDr bq. iajfw Kfsj sp, ncâk bfmfp Osv iVfv ncspfo bf Kfjst zKhf nQnfsvv hA²Àkfq iVfv zhnv bf rst kf mnduslƒ isV sbWqf pfq.

nnncc câââfffssskkk ooofffqqqvvv mmmcc czzzfffÄÄÄffflllfffrrr

djYc ncâk zfsY pf iVf mc²Àfrfh, dj§Â kfjDliafå bq. ˆmb djYc ncâk bfmfp dbm´v™i}-

zfnsvv iCshG zfnsvv iCshG zfnsvv iCshG zfnsvv iCshG 2222 zKhf zKhf zKhf zKhf 4444 vfjzfk vfjzfk vfjzfk vfjzfk }}}} rpvk ƒhsb …mfv rsk hdBGk, bhD hstb, ªzfïfr snƒ hAdÙÁv iadk jxif jsvb sp zfnsvv iCshG 4 vfjzfk bfmfp isV.« (zf}, zflf}, dk}, ƒJc}, ƒdr}, nkf} 584bQ) rpvk zftD hstb, `bhD � zfnsvv iCshG 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb ˆhQ iaskAj lcƒ vfjzfsk zfïfrv dbjehkGD dIdvñf, zfdìqf W k]fslv zbcnfvD mcdmb-mcndtmslv iadk nftfm (kfwfrùl) dlsq kf ixKj jvskb. zfv nhGswsN nftfm dIvskb.' (zf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, dnn} 237bQ) t[BDq sp, zfnsvv (dlsbv) 4 vfjzfk dhdwó ncâk bfmfp ˆj nftfsmW iVf ShL. ˆ YfVf mrfbhD � hstb, ªiaskAj zfpfb W ƒjfmskv mfsU bfmfp zfsY. (sp iVsk yfq kfv ubA.) (hc}, mc}, nczf}, nuf} 2850bQ) zfv sn bfmfp jmis[ 2 vfjzfk. spmb mrfbhD � hstb, ªˆmb sjfb Ivp bfmfp sbƒ, pfv iCshG 2 vfjzfk bfmfp sbƒ.« (ƒdr}, k¶fh}, dnn} 232, nuf} 5730bQ) zhwA rpvk zftD jkGxj 2 vfjzfskv hBGbfW zfhC lf†sl ˆsnsY. dj§Â kf nrDr bq. (pzflf} 235bQ, kfdm} 241ix})

mfosvshv zfso mfosvshv zfso mfosvshv zfso mfosvshv zfso 2222 vfjzfk vfjzfk vfjzfk vfjzfk }}}}


285

mfosvshv zfpfsbv iv ˆhQ Ivp bfmfspv iCshG 2 vfjzfk ncâk ofqv mczfÄflfr. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf mfosvshv iCshG bfmfp iV. skfmvf mfosvshv iCshG bfmfp iV.« zk}iv kxkDqhfsv dkdb hstb, ªsp yfq sn iVsh.« ˆ jKf htfv jfvB, dkdb ‰ bfmfpsj stfsjslv (uv¢vD) ncâk msb jsv sbWqfsj ziY¦l jvstb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1165bQ) zfbfn hstb, `zfmvf mlDbfq dYtfm. mczfpXdpb pJb mfosvshv zfpfb dlk, kJb stfsjvf iadkspfdokfv nfsK mnduslv JfìfÈstfv iÇyfsk 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVsk stso spk.�ˆmbdj pdl sjfb zufbf stfj�ˆsn mndusl iashw jvk, kfrst�ˆk stfsjv bfmfp iVf slsJ sn msb jvk, rqskf mfosvshv ufmfzfk rsq sosY. (ˆhQ Wvf isvv ncâk iVsY.)' (mc}, dm} 1180 bQ) ˆ bfmfp mrfbhD � isVsYb hst sjfb nrDr iamfB sbƒ. (kfdm} 242ix}) hvQ rpvk zfbfn hstb, `zfmvf zfïfrv vnct �-ˆv pcso nCpG sFfhfv iv mfosvshv bfmfspv zfso 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVkfm.' ˆ jKf ðsb kfshqD mcJkfv dhb IctIct k]fsj duÎfnf jvstb, `zfïfrv vnCt � dj ‰ 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb?' …Ùsv zfbfn htstb, `dkdb zfmfslvsj kf iVsk slJskb. dj§Â sn hAfifsv zfmfslvsj djYc zfslwW jvskb bf ˆhQ dbsNLW jvskb bf.' (mc}, dm} 1179bQ) ˆwfv iCshG ˆwfv iCshG ˆwfv iCshG ˆwfv iCshG 2222 vfjzfk vfjzfk vfjzfk vfjzfk }}}} mrfbhD � hstb,�ªiaskAj zfpfb W�ƒjfmskv mfsU bfmfp zfsY.« ˆƒv™i dkbhfv htfv iv swsN htstb, ªsp yfƒsh kfv ubA.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 662bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªˆmb sjfb Ivp bfmfp sbƒ, pfv iCshG 2 vfjzfk bfmfp sbƒ.« (ƒdr}, k¶fh}, dnn} 232, nuf} 5730bQ) zKGf{, iaskAj Ivp bfmfspv iCshG 2 vfjzfk bfmfp zfsY. nckvfQ ˆwfv Ivspv iCshGW zfsY. ksh kf ncâfsk ofqv mczfÄflfr. mrfbhD � ˆwfv isv 4 vfjzfk bfmfpW Osv dosq iVskb. ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, ˆj vfsÛ zfmfv Jftf mfqmCbfv Osv ðtfm. slJtfm, bhD � ˆwfv bfmfp isV ˆstb ˆhQ 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVstb. (zf}, hc} 117bQ, zflf}, bf})

kkkfffrrrfffÏÏÏcc clll bbbfffmmmfffppp

vfskv db}Ucm idvshsw pJb nhfƒ Ocdmsq Kfsj, dbûfv zfshsw mfbcN pJb mrfb nxdójkGf W iadkiftsjv jKf dhn¹xk rq, snƒ nmq zfïfrv djYc Jfn hf¦lf dbûf, zfvfm-zfsqw W ²ÃDv wpAf kAfo jsv zfïfrsj dhswNHfsh n¹vB jvfv ubA, k]fv nfsK mcbfufsk dbmo´ rWqfv ubA …sE WpC jsv kfrfÏcl isVb. zfïfrv [mf tfH jvsk iaqfn ifb. sysq sbb zfïfrv jfsY zsbj djYc. dbÇyq sn hf¦lfoB hV HfoAhfb, zfv


286

dbÇyq sn bfmfp hV Èv¢k¶ W mfrfk¹AiCBG.

ˆƒƒƒ bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv mmmfffrrrfffkkk¹¹¹AAA ˆƒ bfmfspv jKf …sïJ jvk} mrfb zfïfr k]fv vnCt mcrf©mfl �-sj nsìfLb jsv hstb,

)�L�$،�DN w�'(��3� ��n�<�4�(�%�&N' א�/Cدאو��+�#��C�C��*�C�Df ��D�x�� );��ن�� zKGf{, vfskv djYc zQsw kfrfÏcl bfmfp iV; ˆ skfmfv ubA ˆjde zdkdvÙÁ jkGhA. zfwf jvf pfq skfmfv iadkiftj skfmfsj mfjfsm mfrmCsl (iawQdnk ²¿fsb) iadkdôk jvshb. (jc} 17/79) ªsr h²Ã zf¤YflbjfvD (bhD)! …ifnbfv ubA vfdÛsk …E (ufovB jv); vfdÛv djYc zQw hfl dlsq; zLGvfdÛ zKhf klsi[f z¬i. zKhf klsi[f shwD. jcvzfb sktfzk jv LDsv LDsv ±ió W nc¦lvHfsh. zfdm skfmfv …iv zhkDBG jsvdY ocv¢k¶iCBG hfBD. ƒhflskv ubA vfdÛ ufovB oHDv zdHdbshw W r™lqÌm jvfv is[ zdkwq zbcjCt.« (jc} 73/1-5) ªvfdÛsk k]fv iadk dnulfhbk rW ˆhQ vfdÛv lDOG nmq k]fv idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv.« (jc} 76/26) ˆ nsìfLb mrfbhDv ubA rstW k]fv zbcnvB jvsk mcndtm …©mfr zbciafdBk rsqsY. p]fvf kfrfÏcl isVb, k]fvf zhwAƒ n{stfj, mrfb zfïfrv jxif W zbcoasrv zdLjfvD. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

)"�&'�A�3+�א��.،�/�&9L��C�D3�>�@�.��3+�א��A%�ذ� �?�@�<f ��@�M��=R��C�/��6ORن�+�&�$�,�9��rJو�1(�/�&*�?�ن�א 4�#��و�ن�:�k�4�L��@�M��[�� )C�/�א '�%�&N��C��n�<+�ن�،و�

zKGf{, dbÇyqƒ ivsrpofvoB shsrñ W ianahsB zh²¿fb jvsh. kfslv iadkiftj kfslvsj pf slshb kf …isHfo jvsh. jfvB, ifdKGh uDhsb kfvf dYt n{jmGivfqB. kfvf vfdÛv nfmfbA zQwƒ dbûfq zdkhfdrk jvk. vfdÛv swN iarsv kfvf [mf iafKGbf jvk. (jc} 51/15-18) vfdÛ ufovB jsv ƒhflk jvf vrmfsbv hf¦lfosBv ÈB. dkdb hstb,

)�/��6N و�א،�C�"�[א�+E ��Aن��+E'M��n א�@�<��G��Oو�?�ذ�א3�،�+�Mא��ض�$�'�;ن��+��#��/��6N א�/#��و�$��د�א ��C��&A��אوn�[�@�<� ��&��4+�ن� ��(

zKGf{, vrmfsbv hf¦lf kfvf, pfvf HCixsô bmaHfsh ytfsIvf jsv ˆhQ kfslvsj pJb zÎ hAdÙÁvf nsìfLb jsv kJb kfvf iawf§ÀHfsh uhfh slq. zfv kfvf kfslv


287

iadkiftsjv …sÜswA dnulfhbk rsq W làfqmfb sKsj vfdÛ zdkhfdrk jsv. (jc} 25/63-64) ˆƒ swaBDv mfbcNslv ubA zfïfr „mfsbv nf[A dlsqsYb. dkdb hstb,

�8�4��و�ن�،(�L��@�Mو��@�<� ��#�� +�א��[��אوn�[و�אf��O��< 6��/�?�ذ�אذ�.��cو�אN א��9=��K �/C�q��#�3�?:�9��@�M��9Aز��#C��>�@��O+�)�و��G#��و �U��$�+�ن��,��V�# א�/�$�@�<� �+�9�,;�(��n�4�=��Cb�:�3�@�'��=�"�(،ن��+E*

#��.��3+�א��#�'E+�ن� g)א�Q�,،/�&�$��EA�/�C�@�<� �1:�OE�( zKGf{, sjht kfvfƒ zfmfv zfqfknmCsrv iadk „mfb vfsJ, pfvf Wv äfvf …idló rst dnulfq tcdesq isV ˆhQ kfslv iadkiftsjv niawQn idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jsv ˆhQ zrQjfv jsv bf. kfvf wpAf kAfo jsv zfwfq W zfwQjfq kfslv iadkiftjsj Ffsj ˆhQ zfdm kfslvsj sp v¢pD lfb jsvdY kf rsk kfvf hAq jsv. sj…ƒ ufsb bf kfslv ubA kfslv jxkjsmGv bqb-iaDdkjv dj icvõfv vd[k zfsY. ˆ rt kfslv jxkjsmGv iadklfb. (nCvf dnulfr 15-16 zfqfk) kfvf zhwAƒ k]fslv mk bq, pfvf k]fslv mk vfdÛ ufovB jsv mrfb zfïfrv ƒhflk jsv bf. dkdb hstb,

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zKGf{, sp hAdÙÁ vfdÛjfst dnulfhbk rsq ˆhQ làfqmfb sKsj ƒhflk jsv, ivjftsj Hq jsv ˆhQ kfv iadkiftsjv zbcoar iakAfwf jsv (sn dj kfv nmfb, sp kf jsv bf?) ht, pfvf ufsb ˆhQ pfvf ufsb bf kfvf …Hsq dj ˆj nmfb? shfLwdÙÁn©iâ stfsjvfƒ sjht …islw oarB jsv Kfsj. (jc} 39/9) rpvk zfhc ùvfƒvf rsk hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… pJb Ocdmsq Kfsj kJb wqkfb kfv mfKfv swNfQsw (OfsV) dkbde o]fe smsv slq. iaskAj o]fsev nmq ˆƒ m§Ã isV zdHHCk jsv slq, `skfmfv ˆJsbf tìf vfk hfjD. nckvfQ ˆJbW OcmfW.' zk}iv sn pdl suso zfïfrv dpjXv jsv, ksh ˆjde h]fLb Jcst pfq, zk}iv Wpc jvst zfv ˆjde h]fLb Jcst pfq, zk}iv bfmfp iVst njt h]fLbocstfƒ Jcst pfq. Ist Iusvv nmq sn …lAm W ±IcdkGHvf mb dbsq WsE. bkchf (kfrfÏcl bf iVst) zftnAHvf HfvD mb dbsq sn Iusv …sE.« (mf}, hc}1142bQ, mc} 776bQ, zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}) zfhc ùvfƒvf rsk hdBGk dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªvmpfsbv iv nhGswaô svfpf rt zfïfrv mfn mcrfvGfsmv svfpf. zfv Ivp bfmfspv iv nhGswaô bfmfp rt vfskv (kfrfÏcslv) bfmfp.« (mc} 1163bQ, zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒJc}) rpvk zfècïfr dhb nftfm rsk hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfdm bhD ˆv hfBD rsk


288

nhGiaKm pf wcsbdY kf rt, ªsr mfbcN! skfmvf nftfm iayfv jv, zâlfb jv, Îfdk-háb z[câ vfJ ˆhQ stfsjvf pJb Ocdmsq Kfsj kJb skfmvf bfmfp iV. ˆsk skfmvf dbdhGsO ufâfsk iashw jvsk ifvsh.« (dk}, ƒmf}, rf},nkf} 610bQ) rpvk zfècïfr dhb zfmXv rsk hdBGk, bhD hstb, ªufâfskv msLA ˆmb ˆjde j[ zfsY pfv hfdrsvv zQw dHkv sKsj ˆhQ dHksvv zQw hfdrv sKsj slJf pfsh.« kf wcsb zfhc mfstj zfwzfvD htstb, `sn j[ jfv ubA rsh, sr zfïfrv vnCt?' dkdb htstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ …Ùm jKf hst, zâlfb jsv W stfsjvf pJb Ocdmsq Kfsj kJb bfmfsp vk rq; kfv ubA.« (k¶fhfvfbD, rfsjm, nrDr kfvoDh 611bQ) rpvk ufshv iamcJf{ hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt sj htsk wcsbdY, dkdb hstsYb, ªvfdÛjfst ˆmb ˆj mcrCkG vsqsY pJbƒ kf tfH jsv mcndtm hAdÙÁ ƒr-ivjfstv sjfb jtAfB zfïfrv dbje iafKGbf jsv kJbƒ dkdb kfsj kf ialfb jsv Kfsjb. zbcv™i iaskAj vfdÛskƒ ‰ mcrCkG zfdhHCGk rsq Kfsj.« (mc} 757bQ) rpvk zfhc …mfmfr hfsrtD rsk hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt hstb, skfmvf kfrfÏcslv bfmfsp zHAfnD rW. jfvB, kf skfmfslv iChGkb sbj hf¦lfslv zHAfn; skfmfslv iaHcv SbjeAlfbjfvD W ifi[ftbjfvD ˆhQ sofbfr rsk dhvkjfvD zfmt.« (dkvdmpD, ƒhsb zfdhÜcbqAf, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, rfsjm, nrDr kfvoDh 618 bQ)

rpvk zfhc ùvfƒvf W zfhc nf„l JclvD rsk hdBGk, k]fvf hstb, zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªsjfb hAdÙÁ pJb kfv ²ÃDsj vfsÛ Ocm sKsj ufdosq …Hsq kfrfÏcslv bfmfp isV zKhf lcƒ vfjfzfk bfmfp isV kJb kfslv iaskAsjv bfm (zfïfrv) dpjXvjfvD W dpjXvjfdvBDslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq.« (zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}, ƒdr}, rf} nkf} 620 bQ) rpvk zfhc lfvlf jkxGj hdBGk, bhD hstb, ªdkb hAdÙÁsj zfïfr Hfstfhfsnb, kfslv iadk (n§Âó rsq) rfsnb ˆhQ kfslv jfvsB JcwD rb; (iaKm) snƒ hAdÙÁ pfv dbje ölstv ivfuq iajfw sist dbsuv ufb dlsq zfïfr zfpXpf zufïfv Wqfs²À pcÝ jsv. ˆsk sn rq wrDl rsq pfq bkchf zfïfr kfsj nfrfpA (dhuqD) jsvb W dkdbƒ kfv ubA psKó rb. kJb zfïfr hstb, `zfmfv ˆƒ hf¦lfsj skfmvf t[A jv, zfmfv ubA dbsuv iafB dlsq sjmb SLpG LsvsY?' (däkDq) snƒ hAdÙÁ pfv zfsY nc¦lvD ²ÃD ˆhQ bvm W nc¦lv dhYfbf. dj§Â sn (ˆnh kAfo jsv) vfsÛ …sE bfmfp isV. ˆv ubA zfïfr hstb, `sn dbsuv iahxdÙsj lmb jsv zfmfsj n¹vB jvsY, zKy ƒ¤Yf jvst sn dblaf …isHfo jvsk ifvk.' zfv (kxkDq) snƒ hAdÙÁ sp nIsv Kfsj. kfv nsÌ Kfsj jfsItf. djYc vfdÛ ufovB jsv njst Ocsm Tst isV. dj§Â sn swNvfsÛ …sE jó W zfvfsmv nmq bfmfp isV.« (k¶fhfvfbD jfhDv, nrDr kfvoDh 623 bQ) rpvk zfècïfr dhb zfmXv dhb zfn jkxGj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt


289

hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ 10de zfqfk bfmfsp isV sn …lfnDbslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq bf, sp 100de zfqfk bfmfsp isV sn zfshlslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq. zfv sp 1000de zfqfk bfmfsp isV sn zuna nWqfh zuGbjfvDslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq.« (zfhc lf†l, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, nrDr kfvoDh 633 bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfmfv jfsY duhvDt ˆsn htstb, sr mcrf©mfl! pk ƒ¤Yf sh]sy Kfjcb, zfidb mfvf pfshbƒ. pfsj ƒ¤Yf Hfstf hfncb, zfidb kfv jfY sKsj dhd¤Yâ rshb. pf ƒ¤Yf kfƒ zfmt jv¢b, zfidb kfv hltf ifshb. zfv susb vfJcb, mcdmsbv mpGflf rt kfrfÏcslv bfmfsp ˆhQ kfv ƒÏk rt stfsjslv zmcJfsi[D Kfjfq.« (k¶fh, rf}, hf}, dnn} 831bQ) rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf hstb, ˆj hAdÙÁ bhD �-ˆv jfsY htt, `zmcj vfsÛ (kfrfÏcslv) bfmfp isV. dj§Â njft rst (dlsb) ycdv jsv!?' ˆ jKf ðsb dkdb htstb, ª‰ bfmfp kfsj kcdm pf htY kfsk (ycdvsk) hfLf slsh.« (zf}, hf} ðzfhct „mfb, dm} 1237bQ, nrDr, dnp} 1/57-58 û})

kkkfffrrrfffÏÏÏcc cssslllvvv dddhhhdddHHHâââ zzzffflllhhh 1. Ocmfhfv zfso kfrfÏcslv dbqk jsv Ocmfsk rsh. ˆsk sn swN vfsÛ Ocm sKsj suso bfmfp iVsk n[m bf rstW kfv ubA kfrfÏcslv nWqfh dtJf rsh. rpvk zfhc lfvlf bhD ˆv dbje rsk hBGbf jsv hstb, dkdb hstsYb, ªvfsÛ …sE kfrfÏcl iVsh ˆƒ dbqk (nQj¬i) jsv sp hAdÙÁ dbu dhYfbfq zfwaq sbq, zk}iv kfv y[cäq kfsj dblafdHHCk jsv sIst ˆhQ pdl ˆƒ zh²¿fskƒ kfv Iuv rsq pfq ksh kfv zfmtbfmfq kfƒ dtdihÝ rq pfv sn dbqk (nQj¬i) jsvdYt. zfv kfv ‰ dblaf kfv iadkiftsjv kvI rsk nljfr (lfb) v™si ialÙ rq.« (bfnf„, ƒhsb mfufr, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, nrDr kfvoDh 598bQ) 2. Ocm sKsj …sE, syfJ mcsY l]fkb jvf ˆhQ nCvf zfst ƒmvfsbv swsNv 10 zfqfk ifE jvf ncâk. (hc} 183bQ, mc}) 3. WpC jvfv iv rfîf lcƒ vfjzfk isV kfrfÏcslv bfmfp ðv¢ jvf jkGhA. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… (kfrfÏcslv ubA) vfsÛ …Est sn spb kfv bfmfp rfîf lcƒ vfjzfk dlsq ðv¢ jsv.« (mc}) 4. kfrfÏcl iVfv ubA dbsuv ²ÃDsj ufofsbf mc²Àfrfh. ˆv ubA vsqsY ixKj mfrfk¹A. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfïfr snƒ hAdÙÁsj vrm jsvb, sp hAdÙÁ vfsÛ …sE bfmfp isV W dbu ²ÃDsj ufofq ˆhQ snW bfmfp isV. dj§Â sn pdl …Esk bf yfq kfrst kfv mcsJ ifdb dYdesq slq. zfïfr snƒ mdrtfsj vrm jsvb, sp mdrtf vfsÛ …sE bfmfp isV W dbu öfmDsj ufofq ˆhQ snW bfmfp isV. dj§Â sn pdl …Esk bf yfq kfrst kfv mcsJ ifdb dYdesq slq.« (zf}, zflf} 1308, bf}, ƒdr}, rf}, nuf} 3494bQ)


290

dkdb hstb, ªpJb sjfb hAdÙÁ kfv ²ÃDsj vfsÛ …dEsq …Hsq (kfrfÏcl) bfmfp isV zKhf 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV, kJb kfslv …Hqsj (zfïfrv) dpjXvjfvD W dpjXvjfdvBDslv lst dtdihÝ (wfdmt) jvf rq.« (zflf} 1309bQ, iamcJ) 5. vfsÛ bfmfp iVsk iVsk Ocm ˆst hf Tctst bfmfp kAfo jsv Ocdmsq pfWqf jkGhA. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmfslv sj… pJb bfmfp iVsk iVsk Tctsk ðv¢ jsv, kJb sn spb ðsq isV; pfsk kfv Ocm lCv rsq pfq. bsy{, sj… Tctsk Tctsk bfmfp iVst sn rqskf hcUsk ifvsh bf, n©Hhk} sn [mf yfƒsk dosq dbsusj ofdt dlsq hnsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1245bQ) dkdb hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA sj… vfsk …sE (bfmfp iVsk ðv¢ jsv) kfv dusH jcvzfb iVf udVsq sost ˆhQ sn dj htsY kf hcUsk bf ifvst, sn spb ðsq isV.« (mcndtm) dkdb hstb, ªskfmfslv iaskAsj spb msb …ÜDibf Kfjf ipG§À bfmfp isV. j½f§À rsq iVst spb hsn pfq.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1244bQ) ˆjlf dkdb mndusl lcƒ J]cdev mfsU tìf rsq vdw h]fLf Kfjsk slsJ dkdb duÎfnf jvstb, ªˆef dj?« nfrfhfoB htstb, ˆde pqbfshv. dkdb bfmfp isVb. zk}iv pJb zftnA zfsn zKhf j½f§À rsq isVb, kJb ‰ vdw Lsv (l]fVfb). dkdb htstb, ªJcst sIt Wefsj. skfmfslv iaskAsj spb yfÌf Kfjf zh²¿fq bfmfp isV. zfv pJb sn ztn zKhf j½f§À rsq iVsh, kJb sn spb ðsq isV.« (hc}, mc}) 6. dbsusj jó dlsq tìf kfrfÏcl iVf dhsLq bq. hvQ öfHfdhjHfsh [mkfq pkef jctfq, kkefƒ bfmfp iVf …dyk. mrfbhD � hstb, ªskfmvf kk idvmfsB zfmt jv pk idvmfsB skfmvf jvfv [mkf vfJ. zfïfrv jnm! zfïfr (nWqfh dlsk) j½f§À rshb bf, hvQ skfmvfƒ (zfmt jvsk) j½f§À rsq iVsh.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1243) 7. z¬i rstW kf dbvhd¤YâHfsh dbqdmk jsv pfWqf …dyk ˆhQ HDNB zncdhLf YfVf kf kAfo jvf …dyk bq. mrfbhD �-sj duÎfnf jvf rt sp, `sjfb (Lvsbv) zfmt zfïfrv zdLj iY¦lbDq?' …Ùsv dkdb htstb, ªsnƒ zfmt, sp zfmt dbvhd¤YâHfsh jsv pfWqf rq; pdlW kf idvmfsB jm rq.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1242bQ) mrfbhD �-ˆv zfmt dYt dbvhd¤Yâ. dkdb ˆjhfv sp zfmt jvskb, kf hfjD vfJskb (kAfo jvskb bf).« (mc}) dkdb zfècïfr dhb …mfv -sj hstb, ªsr zfècïfr! kcdm zmcsjv mk rsqf bf; sp kfrfÏcl iVk, isv sn kf kAfo jsv dlsqsY.« (hc}, mc}) vnCt �-ˆv jfsY ˆj hAdÙÁv jKf …sïJ jvf rt, sp Iuv ipG§À Ocdmsq sKsjsY. dkdb htstb, ªW skf snƒ stfj, pfv …Hq jfsb wqkfb siwfh jsv dlsqsY.« (hc}, mc}) ˆjlf dkdb ƒhsb …mfsvv iawQnf jsv htstb, ªzfècïfr jk Hft stfj rq, pdl sn vfsk kfrfÏcl isV!« ˆ jKf swfbfv iv ƒhsb …mfv � vfsk Jch jm Ocmfskb. (hc}, mc})


291

kkkfffrrrfffÏÏÏcc cssslllvvv nnnmmmqqq kfrfÏcl bfmfspv nmq ðv¢ rq ˆwfv bfmfspv iv sKsj ˆhQ swN rq Iuv …lq rWqfv nfsK nfsK. vfskv iaKmfQsw, mLA vfsk ˆhQ swNfQsw sp sjfb nmsq kfrfÏcl iVf pfq. rpvk zfbfn hstb, `zfmvf vfskv sp sjfb zQsw bhD �-sj bfmfp iVsk slJsk yfƒkfm, snƒ nmqƒ slJsk sikfm, dkdb bfmfp iVsYb. zfhfv vfskv sp sjfb zQsw zfmvf k]fsj Ocm§À zh²¿fq slJsk yfƒkfm, kJbƒ zfmvf slJsk sikfm, dkdb Ocdmsq zfsYb.' (zf}, hc}, bf}, dm} 1241bQ) nckvfQ ˆ jKf ±ió sp, ˆwfv iv sKsj dbsq Iuv ipG§À nmsqv dHksv kfrfÏcslv ubA sjfb dbdlGó nmq sbƒ. zhwA zfIpt hf …Ùm nmq rt, vfskv swN kxkDqfQw. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfïfrgkfzftf iakAr vfsÛv swN kxkDqfQsw bDsyv zfnmfsb zhkvB jsvb ˆhQ hstb, ªsj zfmfq Ffsj? zfdm kfv Ffsj nfVf slh. sj zfmfv dbje iafKGbf jsv? zfdm kfsj lfb jvh. ˆhQ sj zfmfv dbje [mf yfq? zfdm kfsj [mf jvh.« (hc}, mc}, nczf}, dm} 1223bQ) dkdb hstb, ªswN vfskv oHDsv iadkiftj dbu hf¦lfv nhsysq shwD dbjehkGD rb. nckvfQ kcdm pdl ‰ nmq zfïfrv dpjXvjfvDslv ltHcÙÁ rsk n[m rW, kfrst kf rsq pfW.« (dk}, bf}, rf}, ƒJc}, nuf} 1173bQ) k]fsj duÎfnf jvf rt sp, sjfbX nmsqv kfrfÏcl nh yfƒsk …Ùm? …Ùsv dkdb htstb, ªhfjD (swN) vfskv oHDsv (pf iVf rq). zfv Jch jm stfjƒ kf (‰ nmq) isV Kfsj.« (zf}) nCpG z²À pfWqfv iv sKsj Iuv …lq rWqfv zfsov nmqsj dkb Hfso Hfo jvst vfdÛv swN kxkDqfQw hcUf pfq. vfsÛv swNfQsw smfvo pJb hfQ slq kJb …EstW kfrfÏcl iVf pfq. mrfbhD � jJsbf jJsbf ˆƒ nmq …Eskb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1207bQ)

kkkfffrrrfffÏÏÏcc cssslllvvv vvvfffjjjzzzfffkkk---nnnQQQJJJAAAfff vfskv bfmfspv sjfb dbdlGó vfjzfk nQJAf sbƒ. ˆj vfjzfk iVstW vfskv bfmfp iVf rq. ƒhsb zfêfn jkGxj hdBGk, mrfbhD � kfrfÏcslv hAfifsv hstb, ª(vfskv bfmfp) zLG vfdÛ, ˆj kxkDqfQw, ˆj ykcKGfQw, …e hf Yfostv lcL slfqfhfv nmq ˆjhfv lcƒsq däkDqhfv lcqfsbfv ubA pkecjc dhvdk slWqf kkecj (nfmfbA) nmqW.« (k¶fh}, kfdm} 248ix}) ksh …Ùm rt iaskAj 2 vfjzfsk nftfm dIsv 8 vfjzfk iVf. zk}iv 3 vfjzfk dhkXv iVf. zKhf zbcv™i 10 vfjzfk isV swsN 1 vfjzfk dhkXv iVf.


292

(dh²Àfdvk ûóhA `svfpf W vmpfsbv Ifpfsqt W mfnfsqt' kfvfhDrv dhhvB.

kkkfffrrrfffÏÏÏcc cssslllvvv dddjjj¶¶ ¶vvvfffzzzfffkkk kfrfÏcl bfmfspv dj¶vfzfk tìf rWqf hfÒbDq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªswaô bfmfp rt tìf djqfm.« (zf}, mc}, dm} 46, 800bQ) ƒhsb mfn†l hstb, ˆj vfsk bhD �-ˆv nfsK bfmfp iVtfm. dkdb djqfm jvskƒ Kfjstb, idvswsN zfdm m¦l ƒ¤Yf jsv sIstdYtfm. k]fsj duÎfnf jvf rt, sn m¦l ƒ¤Yfde dj? dkdb htstb, zfdm ƒ¤Yf jsvdYtfm sp, k]fsj sYsV dlsq hsn pfh! (hc}, mc}) ùpfƒIf dhb ƒqfmfb hstb, ˆj vfsk bhD �-ˆv nfsK bfmfp iVtfm. dkdb nCvf hfj¶fvfr iVsk ðv¢ jvstb. zfdm Hfhtfm, rqskf hf dkdb 100 zfqfk ifE jsv dnulfr jvshb. dj§Â dkdb kf zdkÛÁm jsv sostb. Hfhtfm rqskf hf dkdb nCvfdesj 2 vfjzfsk iVshb. dj§Â dkdb kfW zdkÛÁm jsv sostb. Hfhtfm, dkdb rqskf nCvfde swN jsv v¢jC jvshb. (dj§Â bf, kf bf jsv) nCvf dbnf ðv¢ jvstb. kfW isV swN jvstb. kfviv nCvf zfst ƒmvfb Lvstb ˆhQ kfW isV swN jvstb! (3) dkdb LDsv-LDsv zfqfk ifE jvdYstb. knhDrv zfqfk ifE jvst knhDr iVdYstb. iafKGbfv zfqfk ifE jvst iafKGbf jvdYstb. zfwaq iafKGbfv zfqfk ifE jvst zfwaq iafKGbf jvdYstb. zk}iv v¢jC jvdYstb. (mc}, bf}) dkdb ˆƒ bfmfsp ˆk lDOG djqfm jvskb sp, kfv Ist k]fv if Icst spk. k]fsj htf rt sp, zfibfv skf zfso-disYv njt Û¢de zfïfr [mf jsv dlsqsYb? (kfW zfidb ˆk jó jsv ƒhflk jsvb sjb?) dkdb htstb, ªzfdm dj zfïfrv jxkÎ hf¦lf rh bf?« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1220bQ) zhwA dkdb ˆj vfsk jcvzfb Jkm jvskb bf. zhwA dkdb dkb vfsk jcvzfb Jkm jvfv zbcmdk dlsqsYb; kfv jsm bq. dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ 3 vfskv jsm jcvzfb isV, sn djYcƒ hcsU bf.« (zf}, dk}, lf}) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ 100de zfqfk ifE jsv vfskv bfmfp iVsh, kfv bfm dhðÝdyÙ djqfmjfvDslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rsh.« (lf}, rf}) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ 100de zfqfk ifE jsv vfskv bfmfp iVsh, sn …lfnDbslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rsh bf.« (lf}, rf}) zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ 10de zfqfk bfmfsp isV sn …lfnDbslv

(3) …ÙÁ rflDn sKsj hcUf pfq sp, mcnrfsIv kvkDh zbcpfqD nCvf iVf uv¢vD bq. uv¢vD rst dkdb nCvf dbnfv zfso zfst ƒmvfb iVskb.


293

kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq bf, sp 100de zfqfk bfmfsp isV sn zfshlslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq. zfv sp 1000de zfqfk bfmfsp isV sn zuna nWqfh zuGbjfvDslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rq.« (zfhc lf†l, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, nrDr kfvoDh 633 bQ) jJsbf dkdb kfrfÏcslv bfmfsp nCvf hfbD ƒnvf„t W pcmfv iVskb. (zf}) jJsbf iafq 50 zfqfskv mk hf kfv sKsj shwD zfqfk sktfzk jvskb. (hc}, zflf}) jJsbf hf nCvf mcpXpfd©mstv mk tìf nCvf ifE jvskb. (zf}, zflf}) ˆjlf dkdb nCvf mfƒlfv 118bQ zfqfk hfvhfv ifE jvsk jvsk Iuv jsv dlsqsYb. (zf}, bf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}, rf}, dm} 1205bQ) ˆj hAdÙÁ htt, sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfmfv ˆj iadkshwD vfsk kfrfÏcl isV, dj§Â `j¶ct ùWqfïfù zfrfl' YfVf zbA djYc isV bf; ˆefsjƒ sn hfvhfv dIdvsq isV ˆhQ ˆv yfƒsk shwD djYc isV bf. zfnst ˆ hAdÙÁ kf Jchƒ jm msb jvt. dj§Â bhD � htstb, ªsnƒ nÙ¶fv jnm, p]fv rfsk zfmfv iafB zfsY! ‰ nCvf ˆj kxkDqfQw jcvzfsbv nmkctA.« (zf}, hc}) jJsbf nwsè, jJsbf hf db}wsè ˆ dj¶vfzfk jvf pfq. nfrfhD ÈpfƒI dhb rfsvn hstb, ˆjlf zfdm zfsqwf (vf})-sj duÎfnf jvtfm sp, `zfïfrv vnCt � iaKm vfsk bfifjDv sofnt jvskb, bfdj swN vfsk?' dkdb iakcAÙsv htstb, `sjfb vfsk dkdb iaKm Hfso sofnt jvskb, zfhfv sjfb sjfb vfsk swN Hfso.' zfdm httfm, `zfïfù zfjhfv! snƒ zfïfrv iawQnf dpdb (äDsbv) hAfifsv iaw²Àkf svsJsYb.' zk}iv zfdm duÎfnf jvtfm, `dkdb dhksvv bfmfp iaKm vfdÛsk iVskb, bfdj swN vfdÛsk?' dkdb htstb, `jJsbf dkdb iaKm vfdÛsk dhkXv iVskb, zfhfv jJsbf swN vfdÛsk.' zfdm httfm, `zfïfù zfjhfv! snƒ zfïfrv iawQnf dpdb (äDsbv) hAfifsv iaw²Àkf svsJsYb.' icbvfq zfdm duÎfnf jvtfm, `dkdb (kfrfÏcslv bfmfsp) nwsè dj¶vfzfk iVskb, bfdj db}wsè?' …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `dkdb jJsbf nwsè iVskb, zfhfv jJsbf db}wsè.' zfdm httfm, `zfïfù zfjhfv! snƒ zfïfrv iawQnf dpdb (äDsbv) hAfifsv iaw²Àkf svsJsYb.' (mc}, nzflf} 209, ƒmf}, dm} 1263bQ) ˆjlf mrfbhD � vfdÛjfst hfƒsv ˆst dkdb slJstb, zfhC hfjXv dbm´ösv (kfrfÏcslv) bfmfp iVsYb. zk}iv dkdb …mfsvv jfsY dosq slJstb, dkdb …¤yösv bfmfp iVsYb. zk}iv pJb k]fvf …Hsq k]fv dbje umfsqk rstb, kJb dkdb htstb, ªsr zfhC hfjXv! zfdm skfmfv jfY dlsq ifv rsq sotfm, slJtfm, kcdm dbm´ösv bfmfp iVY.« zfhC hfjXv htstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfdm sjht k]fsj ðdbsqdY, p]fv jfsY zfdm mcbfufk jsvdY.' zk}iv dkdb …mfsvv …sÜswA htstb, ªzfv zfdm skfmfv jfY dlsq ifv rsq sotfm, slJtfm, kcdm …¤yösv bfmfp iVY.« …mfv htstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfdm k¦ûfdHHCk stfjslvsj ufdosq dlƒ ˆhQ wqkfb dhkfVB jdv.' bhD � htstb, ªsr zfhC hfjXv! skfmfv zfWqfusj ˆjec …]yc


294

jv. zfv sr …mfv! skfmfv zfWqfusj ˆjec dbyc jv.« (zflf}, dk}, dm} 1204bQ)

kkkfffrrrfffÏÏÏcc clll bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv jjjfffpppfff sp kfrfÏcl-Èpfv hf¦lfv sjfb jfvBhwk} vfskv 11 vfjzfk bfmfp Ycse pfq sn kf dlsb dhswN jsv yfsñv nmq 12 vfjzfk jfpf jvsk ifsv. mrfbhD �-ˆv kfrfÏcl Ocm hf hAKf-shlbfv jfvsB Ycse sost dlsb 12 vfjzfk jfpf iVskb. (mc}) rpvk …mfv dhb JfÙfh iamcJf{ hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ kfv (iCBG) zpDIf (kfrfÏcslv bfmfp, jcvzfb ƒkAfdl) zKhf kfv djYc zQw svsJ Ocdmsq pfq, dj§Â kf pdl Iuv W spfrsvv bfmfspv mLAhkDG nmsq zflfq jsv sbq ksh kfv ubA iCBG nWqfhƒ dtdihÝ jvf rq, spb sn ‰ zpDIf vfsÛƒ n©iâ jsvsY.« (mc} 747bQ, zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}) kfvfhDr, tfƒtfkct j¶flXv hf wshjlsvv bfmfp W „slv bfmfp `svfpf W vmpfsbv Ifpfsqt W mfnfsqt' ûóhA.

dddhhhkkkXX Xvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp

dhkXv bfmfp ncâfsk mczfÄflfr. ˆ bfmfp zflfq jvsk mrfbhD � …©mksj …äcÝ W zbciafdBk jvskb. rpvk zftD hstb, `dhkXv Ivp bfmfspv mk zhwAiftbDq bq; ksh zfïfrv vnCt kfsj ncâskv v™ilfb jsvsYb; dkdb hstsYb, ªzhwAƒ zfïfr dhkXv (sufVrDb), dkdb dhkXv (sufVwCbAkf hf shsufV) iY¦l jsvb. nckvfQ skfmvf dhkXv (dhsufV) bfmfp iV, sr zfrst jcvzfb!« (zflf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}, nkf} 588bQ) hbD djbfbfv mcJdluD bfmj ˆj hAdÙÁsj zfbnfv sofsÛv zfhC mcrf©mfl bfmj ˆj stfj htt sp, dhkXsvv bfmfp Wqfsuh. ˆ jKf ðsb nfrfhD …hflfr dhb nfsmk htstb, `zfhC mcrf©mfl Hct htsY.' zfdm zfïfrv vnCt �-sj htsk ðsbdY, ªi]fy WqfÙÁ�bfmfp zfïfr hf¦lfosBv …iv Ivp jsvsYb. nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ�kf pKfKGv™si zflfq jvsh ˆhQ kfsk Èv¢k¶ dlsq kfv djYcW dhbó�jvsh bf, snƒ hAdÙÁv ubA zfïfrv ˆƒ iadkwa¢dk zfsY sp, dkdb kfsj ufâfsk iashw jvfshb. zfv sp hAdÙÁ�kf zflfq jvsh bf, sn hAdÙÁv ubA zfïfrv sjfb iadkwa¢dk sbƒ. dkdb ƒ¤Yf jvst kfsj wfd²À slshb, bsy{ ƒ¤Yf rst ufâfskW dlsk ifsvb.« (mf}, zflf}, bf}, ƒdr}, nkf} 363 bQ) mrfbhD � nWqfvDv …iv dhksvv bfmfp isVsYb. (hc}, mc}, nczf} lfvf} 1617bQ) zKy Ivp bfmfspv nmq dkdb nWqfvD sKsj sbsm djhtfmcJ jvskb. (zf}, hc})


295

dhkXsvv nmq }dhkXsvv nmq }dhkXsvv nmq }dhkXsvv nmq } dhksvv nmq ˆwfv iv sKsj dbsq Iusvv zfso ipG§À. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzfïfr skfmfslvsj ˆjde zdkdvÙÁ bfmfp ialfb jsvsYb. zfv kf rt dhkXsvv bfmfp nckvfQ skfmvf kf ˆwf W Iusvv mLAhkGD nmsq isV bfW.« (zf}, dnn} 108bQ) nfrfhD ÈpfƒI dhb rfsvn hstb, ˆjlf zfdm zfsqwf (vf})-sj duÎfnf jvtfm sp, `--- bhD � dhkXsvv bfmfp iaKm vfdÛsk iVskb, bfdj swN vfdÛsk?' dkdb htstb, `jJsbf dkdb iaKm vfdÛsk dhkXv iVskb, zfhfv jJsbf swN vfdÛsk.' zfdm httfm, `zfïfù zfjhfv! snƒ zfïfrv iawQnf dpdb (äDsbv) hAfifsv iaw²Àkf svsJsYb.---' (mc}, nzflf} 209, ƒmf}, dm} 1263bQ) zhwA sp hAdÙÁ msb jsv sp, sn swN vfsÛ …Esk ifvsh bf, kfv ubA …Ùm rt iaKm vfsÛ dhkXv isV Ocmfsbf. i[f§Àsv sp msb jsv sp, sn swN vfsÛ …Esk ifvsh kfv ubA …Ùm rt swN vfsÛ dhkXv iVf. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ LfvBf jsv sp, sn swN vfsÛ …Esk ifvsh bf, kfv ubA …Ùm rt iaKm vfsÛ dhkXv isV sbWqf. i[f§Àsv sp LfvBf jsv sp, sn swN vfsÛ …Esk ifvsh kfv ubA …Ùm rt swN vfsÛ dhkXv iVf. jfvB, swN vfskv bfmfsp dIdvñf …id²¿k rb ˆhQ ˆefƒ rt swaôkm.« (zf}, mc}, dk}, ƒmf}, dm} 1260bQ) ˆjlf dkdb rpvk zfhC hfjXv -sj duÎfnf jvstb, ªkcdm jJb dhkXv iV?« zfhC hfjXv htstb, `iaKm vfsÛ ˆwfv isv.' zk}iv dkdb rpvk …mfv -sj duÎfnf jvstb, ªzfv …mfv kcdm?« …mfv htstb, `swN vfsk.' idvswsN dkdb htstb, ªdj§Â kcdm sr zfhC hfjXv! d²¿v-dbÇyqkf zhtìb jsv Kfj. zfv kcdm sr …mfv! (swN vfsk …Efv iCBG) zfk¹dhw¶fn oarB jsv Kfj.« (zf}, zflf}, rf}) swN uDhsb mrfbhD � swN vfskƒ dhkXv iVskb. sjbbf, snefƒ dYt …Ùm. ˆklXnsÙ¶W dkdb k]fv ˆjfdLj nfrfhDsj d²¿v-dbÇyqkf zhtìb iChGj iaKm vfsÛ dhkXv isV dbsk dhswN …islw dlskb. spmb …islw dlsqdYstb rpvk zfhC ùvfƒvf -sj. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1262bQ) rpvk nf'l dhb zfhD zÄfn vnCtcïfr �-ˆv mndusl ˆwfv bfmfp isV ˆj vfjzfk dhkXv isV dbskb. k]fsj htf rt, `zfidb sjht ˆj vfjzfk dhkXv isVb, kfv shwD isVb bf (dj hAfifv)?' dkdb htstb, `r]Af, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt �-sj htsk ðsbdY sp, ªsp hAdÙÁ dhkXv bf isV Ocmfq bf, sn rt d²¿v-dbdÇyk mfbcN.« (zf})

dhkXv bfmfspv vfjzdhkXv bfmfspv vfjzdhkXv bfmfspv vfjzdhkXv bfmfspv vfjzfk nQJAf }fk nQJAf }fk nQJAf }fk nQJAf } dhkXv bfmfp ˆjefbf ˆj nftfsm 9, 7, 5, 3 vfjzfk iVf pfq.


296

9 vfjzfk dhkXsvv dbqm rt, 8 vfjzfk ˆjefbf isV kfwfrùsl hnsk rsh. kfsk zfkX-kfdrqAfk W lv™l-lczf isV nftfm bf dIsv …sE dosq zfsvf ˆj vfjzfk isV nftfm dIvsk rsh. (mc}, dm} 1257bQ) 7 vfjzfk dhkXsvv dbqm rt, 6 vfjzfk ˆjefbf isV kfwfrùsl hnsk rsh. kfsk zfkX-kfdrqAfk W lv™l-lczf isV nftfm bf dIsv …sE dosq zfsvf ˆj vfjzfk isV nftfm dIvsk rsh. (nczf}, zflf} 1342, bf} 1719bQ) sjfb sjfb hBGbf msk Nô vfjzfsk bf hsn ˆjefbf 7 vfjzfk isV nhGswsN kfwfrùl isV nftfm dIvsk rsh. (bf} 1718bQ) 5 vfjzfk dhkXsvv dbqm rt, 5 vfjzfk ˆjefbf isV kfwfrùsl hnsk rsh. kfsk zfkX-kfdrqAfk W lv™l-lczf isV nftfm dIvsk rsh. (hc}, mc}, bf} 1717, dm} 1256bQ) 3 vfjzfk dhkXsvv dbqm rt lcƒ iajfv; (j) 2 vfjzfk isV nftfm dIsv dlsk rsh. zk}iv …sE icbvfq bkcb jsv zfsvf ˆj vfjzfk isV nftfm dIvsk rsh. (ƒzfwf}, ƒv} 2/150) ƒhsb …mfvW ˆƒHfsh dhkXv iVskb. (hcJfvD) (J) 3 vfjzfk ˆjefbf isV kfwfrùsl hnsk rsh. kfsk zfkX-kfdrqAfk W lv™l-lczf isV nftfm dIvsk rsh. (rf} 1/304, hf} 3/28, 3/31) ˆ s[sÛ mfosvshv bfmfspv mk mfsU (2 vfjzfk isV) zfkX-kfdrqAfk iVf pfsh bf. spsrkc zfïfrv vnCt � dhkvsj mfosvshv mk iVsk dbsNL jsvsYb. (ƒdr} 2420, rf} 1/304, hf} 3/31, lfvf} 1634bQ) ˆkäAkDk 3 vfjzfk dhkXv mfosvshv mk jsv iVf, (lfvf} 1637bQ) bkcb jsv kfrvDmfv kjhDv slWqfv mk (…¬ef) kjhDv dlsq icbvfq rfk sh]sL jcbCk iVf ƒkAfdl djYc ntI jkGxj hBGbf jvf rstW kf nrDr bq. (ƒv} 427bQ, kczf} 1/464) zkˆh kf dhlzfk W idvkAfuA.

1111 vfjzfk dhkXv vfjzfk dhkXv vfjzfk dhkXv vfjzfk dhkXv }}}} dhkXv ˆj vfjzfkW iVf pfq. sJfl mrfbhD � ˆj vfjzfk dhkXv iVskb. dkdb hstb, ªvfskv bfmfp lc vfjzfk lc vfjzfk. zk}iv skfmfslv sj… pJb Iuv rsq pfWqfv zfwËf jsv kJb sn spb ˆj vfjzfk dhkXv isV sbq.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 1254bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªdhkXv rt swN vfsk ˆj vfjzfk.« (mc}, dm} 1255bQ) dkdb hstb, ªdhkXv rt iaskAj mcndtsmv ubA rj hf nkA. nckvfQ sp 5 vfjzfk dhkXv iVsk iY¦l jsv sn kfƒ iVcj, sp 3 vfjzfk iVsk iY¦l jsv sn kfƒ iVcj ˆhQ sp ˆj vfjzfk iVsk iY¦l jsv sn kfƒ iVcj.« (zflf} 1422, bf}, ƒmf}, dm} 1265bQ) ƒhsb zfêfn -sj htf rt sp, mczfdhqf ˆwfv isv ˆj vfjzfk dhkXv iVstb (snef dj dEj)? …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `dkdb dEjƒ jsvsYb. dkdb skf IjDr. k]fsj dbsuv zh²¿fq sYsV lfW, dkdb bhD �-ˆv nfrfhD.' (hc}, dm} 1277bQ)


297

ˆ YfVf zfsvf zbAfbA hù ntI 1 vfjzfk dhkXv iVskb. (ƒzfwf} û})

dhkXv bfmfspv mc²Àfrfh dj¶vfzfk }dhkXv bfmfspv mc²Àfrfh dj¶vfzfk }dhkXv bfmfspv mc²Àfrfh dj¶vfzfk }dhkXv bfmfspv mc²Àfrfh dj¶vfzfk } ˆ bfmfsp nCvf Ifdkrfv iv sp sjfb nCvf iVf pfq. ksh mc²Àfrfh rt, iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf zf'tf, däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf jfdIv™b ˆhQ kxkDq vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn iVf. (zf}, bf}, lf}, rf}, dm} 1270-1272bQ) mrfbhD � jJsbf jJsbf kxkDq vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfsnv nfsK nCvf bfn W IftfjW ifE jvskb. (zflf}, dk}, rf} 1/305)

dhkXsvv jcbCk }dhkXsvv jcbCk }dhkXsvv jcbCk }dhkXsvv jcbCk } mrfbhD � rpvk rfnfb dhb zftD -sj dbsm´v lczf dhkXv bfmfsp dj¶vfzfk swN jvfv iv (v¢jCv zfso) iVsk dwdJsqdYstb}-

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�&� �?N��?�D�9C��n�9�C��l�&� ��=و��9� ��D)r��#��C��9�&��3;'�$E5א;N'�!و�.( …¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mfrdlbD ID mfb rflfƒkX. zzf-dIbD IDmfb zf IfƒkX. zkfWqfïfbD ID mfb kfWqfïfƒkX. zhf-dvjtD ID mf zf'k¶fƒkX. zdjbD wfvGfmf j¶fp¶fƒkX. Ifƒâfjf kfj¶p¶D ztf ƒ…j¶p¶f zftfƒjX. ƒâfù tf qAfdpïc mf]… Wqf-tfƒkX. ztf qAfƒpXpc mfb zf'-lfƒkX. kfhf-vfjkf vfêfbf zkfzf'-tfƒkX. tf mfbuf dmbjf ƒïf ƒtfƒjX. (z n¶fïfïfù zftf bfdhdqAbf mcrf©mfl.) zKG zKG zKG zKG ---- sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfsj srlfqfk jsv kfslv ltHcÙÁ jv pfslvsj kcdm srlfqfk jsvY. zfmfsj dbvfisl svsJ kfslv ltHcÙÁ jv pfslvsj kcdm dbvfisl svsJY, zfmfv njt jfsuv kÙ¶fhLfb jsv zfmfsj kfslv ltHcÙÁ jv pfslv kcdm kÙ¶fhLfb jsvY. kcdm zfmfsj pf djYc lfb jsvY kfsk hjGk lfW. zfmfv HfsoA kcdm pf Ifqnftf jsvY kfv m¦l sKsj v[f jv. jfvB kcdmƒ Ifqnftf jsv Kfj ˆhQ skfmfv …iv jfsvf Ifqnftf yst bf. dbÇyq kcdm pfsj Hfstfhfn sn tfdÒk rq bf ˆhQ pfsj m¦l hfn sn n©mfdbk rq bf. kcdm hjGkmq sr zfmfslv iaHc ˆhQ kcdm ncmrfb. skfmfv zfpfh sKsj kcdm YfVf sjfb zfwaq²¿t sbƒ. zfv zfmfslv bhDv …iv zfïfr vrmk hNGB jsvb. (zflf}, dk}, bf}, zf}, hf}, ƒmf}, dm} 1273bQ, ƒv} 2/172) iajfw Kfsj sp, lczfv swsN lv™slv …sïJ …ÙÁ rflDnnmCsr bf KfjstW ntIslv zfmt swsN lv™l iVfv jKf nmKGb jsv. zfv sn ubAƒ lczfv swsN ˆJfsb pcÙÁ jvf rsqsY. (kfdm} 243ix}, dnnfb}) rpvk zftD hstb mrfbhD � k]fv dhkXsvv swN (vfjzfskv v¢jCv zfso


298

jcbCsk) ˆƒ lczf htskb, �D�&�'�$g)��9��1>��E��D�9C�D 4�Dو��$�+�ذ�� +E*�$�/C�D=��(��# �Dو�j�]�[�/C��a�� ?�3��1��$�+�ذ�@�<W' א�

�DL:�3;'�$�l�&�9��#�.�l�3��. …¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâD zf†pc dhdvp¶f-jf dmb nfJfdk¶j, zdhmczfIf-dkjf dmb …j¶Chfdkj, z zf†pc dhjf dmbXjf tf …rXnD Nfbf-zfb zftfƒjf zf§Àf jfmf zfnbfƒkf zftf bfIdnjX. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv n§Âdóv znDtfq skfmfv sÛÁfL sKsj, skfmfv [mfwDtkfv znDtfq skfmfv wfd²À sKsj ˆhQ skfmfv nÙfv znDtfq skfmfv zfpfh sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jvdY. zfdm skfmfv …iv skfmfv iawQnf ocsb swN jvsk ifdv bf, spmb kcdm dbsuv iawQnf dbsu jsvY. (nczf}, dm} 1276bQ, ƒv} 2/175) iajfw Kfsj sp, zsbsj hstsYb, …ÙÁ lczfde dhksvv bfmfspv swsN zKGf{, nftfm dIvfv iv iVf mc²Àfrfh. (zfmf} 4/213, kczf} 10/9, dInc} zfvhD 1/174, dInc} …lcG 185ix} û}) i[f§Àsv mfbfv¢n nfhDt (1/108) zfnXnftnfhDt (1/162) iaHxdk dIjXsrv djkfsh …ÙÁ lczfsj lczfsq jcbCk hstƒ iaKsmfÙÁ lczfv ifwfifdw …sïJ jvf rsqsY. zfhC lf†l, dkvdmpD, bfnf„, ƒhsb mfufr iaHxdk rflDn oas§¿v idvs¤Yslv dwsvfbfm h]fLfv HfhLfvfq hcUf pfq sp, ˆ lczf dhkXsvv jcbCsk iEbDq. bfnf„ wvDsIv …ÙÁ rflDsnv eDjfq zfïfmf dnáD hstb, `rsk ifsv dkdb …ÙÁ lczf djqfsmv swNfQsw (v¢jCv zfso) htskb. nckvfQ WefW ˆjde lczfsq jcbCk; spmb oa§¿jfv (bfnf„v) jKf lfhD jsv. zfhfv ˆW rsk ifsv sp, dkdb (dhkXsvv) kfwfrùslv ShEsj (nftfm dIvfv iCshG) …ÙÁ lczf iVskb. zfv wsèv hfdrAj zKGW kfƒ.' (bf} 1746bQ, 2/275) zïfù zf'tfm. dhkXsvv jcbCksj jcbCsk ofqv bfsptfr htf rq. zfv kf nh nmq iaskAj vfsÛ dhkXv bfmfsp iVf rq. zhwA jcbCskv lczf iVf mc²Àfrfh; uv¢vD bq. nckvfQ sj… Hcst sYsV dlsq dnulfq sost nù dnulf tfso bf. spmb iaskAj vfsÛ kf dbqdmk bf isV mfsU mfsU kAfo jvf …dyk. (dnnfb} 179ix}, mcm} 4/27) iajfw Kfsj sp, dhkXsvv jcbCk (lczf) mcJ²¿ bf Kfjst kfv hlst dkbhfv `j¶ct' hf `vfêfbf zfskbf' isV jfu yftfsbf wvDqk-n©mk bq. mcJ²¿ bf Kfjst jvsk rsh. zfv kkdlb jcbCk bf isV ˆmdbƒ jfu ytsh. dhkXsvv lczfq ƒmfm nfsrh hùhyb wè hAhrfv jvshb. ˆv™i jvf dhsLq. ˆef dbdNÝ bhhD wè idvhkGsbv zfWkfHcÙÁ bq. jfvB, ˆef sjhtmfÛ wsèv hyb idvhkGb. i[f§Àsv rflDsnv sjfb sjfb hBGbfq dhkXsvv lczf hùhyb wsèW hdBGk rsqsY. (k¶fh} jfhDv 2700bQ, wfnc} 3/129, nfkf} ƒhsb hfp 41ix}, mcmck¶fnf} 171ix} û})

jjjcc cbbbCC Cssskkkvvv ²²²¿¿ ¿ fffbbb WWW dddbbbqqqmmm


299

jcbCskv lczf (swN vfjzfskv) v¢jcv zfso hf isv sp sjfb ²¿fsb iVf pfq. ùmfƒl hstb, zfdm zfbfn -sj duÎfnf jvtfm sp, jcbCk v¢jCv zfso bf isv? …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `zfmvf v¢jCv zfso W isv jcbCk iVkfm.' (ƒmf}, dm} 1294bQ) zbcv™i (lczfv mk) rfk skftf W bf skftf …Hq iajfv zfmtƒ ntI jkGxj hdBGk zfsY. (kczf} 1/464) zhwA lczfv isv mcsJ rfk hctfsbf ncâk bq. jfvB, ˆ hAfifsv pk rflDn ˆsnsY nhÈstfƒ lchGt. (ƒv} 2/181, mcm} 4/55) htf hfùtA, lchGt rflDn äfvf sjfb ncâk iamfB jvf n©Hh bq. kfƒ djYc …tfmf ±ióHfsh kf (zbcv™i hcsj rfk dIvfsbfsj) dhlzfk hstsYb. (ƒv} 2/181, mcdh} 322ix}) ƒpXpX dhb zfècn nftfm hstb, `ufsrt YfVf ˆ jfu zbA sj… jsv bf.' i[f§Àsv lczfq rfk skftfv hAfifsv zsbj nrDr rflDn ˆsnsY. kfv msLA sjfb rflDsnƒ mcsJ rfk dIvfsbfv jKf sbƒ. zfv kf ˆ jKfvƒ ltDt sp, …ÙÁ zfmt zfidÙjv W zdhsLq. (ƒv} 2/182, dnnfb} 178ix})

ddhhkkssvvvv bbffmmffssppvv nnffttffmm ddIIssvv llcczzff א *f�Eو�س�،D (nchrf-bft mfdtdjt jc¶ÜCn.) ]��ن�א #�'

zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfdm idhÛmq hflwfrv idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jvdY. ˆƒ lczfde dkbhfv iVsk rq. k¦msLA kxkDq hfsv …¤yn¶sv iVf jkGhA. (zflf}, bf}, dm} 1274-1275bQ)

ˆjjj vvvfffssskkk lllcc cƒƒƒhhhfffvvv dddhhhkkkXX Xvvv dddbbbdddNNNÝÝÝ

vfsÛv nhGswN bfmfp rt dhkXsvv bfmfp. dhkXsvv iv zfv sjfb bfmfp sbƒ. zkˆh pdl sj… swN vfsÛ …Esk ifvsh bf msb jsv ˆwfv iv dhkXv isV sbq zk}iv swN vfsÛ …Esk n[m rq, sn kfrfÏcl iVsh dj§Â zfv däkDq hfv dhkXv iVsh bf. jfvB, mrfbhD � hstb, ªˆj vfsk lcde dhkXv sbƒ.« (zf}, zfl}, dk}, bf}, ƒdr}, hf}, nuf} 7567bQ) ªskfmvf dhkXv bfmfpsj vfskv swN bfmfp jv.« (hc}, mc}, zflf}, ƒv} 422bQ)

dhkXsvv iv bIt dhkXsvv iv bIt dhkXsvv iv bIt dhkXsvv iv bIt 2222 vfjzfk vfjzfk vfjzfk vfjzfk zhwA ˆ hAfifsv ˆjde hAdkÛÁm bfmfp rt, dhkXsvv isv 2 vfjzfk ncâk hsn hsn iVf. mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, vnCt � (dhkXv bfmfspv) nftfm dIvfv iv hsn hsn 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb. (mc}) rpvk …s©m nftfmfr hstb. `dkdb dhkXsvv iv hsn


300

hsn (rfîf jsv) 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb.' (zf}, zflf}, dk}, dm} 1284bQ) mrfbhD � hstb, ªdbÇyq ˆƒ (nIv) vfdÛ ufovB HfvD W jójv. nckvfQ skfmfslv sj… pJb dhkXv iVsh kJb sn spb 2 vfjzfk isV sbq. zk}iv sn pdl vfsÛ …Esk ifsv skf …Ùm. bsy{, ‰ 2 vfjzfk kfv (vfskv bfmfp) rsq pfsh.« (lf}, dm} 1286, dnn} 1993bQ û}) …ÙÁ rflDn sKsj hcUf pfq sp, ‰ 2 vfjzfk zfmfslvW iVf …dyk. zfv kf mrfbhD �-ˆv ubA Jfn bq. zfhC …mfmfr hstb, `bhD � ‰ 2 vfjzfk bfmfp dhkXsvv iv hsn hsn iVskb. zfv kfv iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf dptpft W däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf jfdIv™b ifE jvskb.' (zf}, dm} 1287bQ)

dddhhhkkkXX Xsssvvvvvv jjjfffpppfff dhkXv bfmfp pKf nmsq bf iVf rst kf jfpf iVf dhsLq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ dhkXv bf isV Ocdmsq pfq zKhf kf iVsk Hcst pfq sn hAdÙÁ spb kf ±mvB rWqf mfÛ kf isV sbq.« (zf}, nczf}, rf}, nuf} 6562bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ Ocdmsq sKsj dhkXv bf iVsk ifsv sn hAdÙÁ spb Iusvv nmq kf isV sbq.« (dk}, ƒv} 422, nuf} 6563bQ) sJfl mrfbhD �-ˆv sjfb vfsÛ dhkXv bf isV Iuv rsq sost kJbƒ dhkXv isV dbskb. (zf} 6/243, hf} 1/479, k¶fh}, mfpf} 2/246) ˆjlf ˆj hAdÙÁ mrfbhDv lvhfsv ˆsn htt, `sr zfïfrv bhD! Iuv rsq sosY zKy zfdm dhkXv iVsk ifdvdb.' dkdb htstb, ªdhkXv skf vfsÛƒ iVsk rq.« stfjde icbvfq htt, `sr zfïfrv bhD! Iuv rsq sosY zKy zfdm dhkXv iVsk ifdvdb.' ˆhfsv dkdb htstb, ªˆJb isV bfW.« (k¶fh}, dnn} 1712bQ) ˆ rflDn sKsj ±ió rq sp, Iuv rsq sostW dhkv bfmfp dhkXsvv mkƒ jfpf iVf pfsh. (dnn} 4/289 û})

dddhhhkkkXX Xvvv bbbfffmmmfffsssppp uuufffmmmfffzzzfffkkk mrfbhD � sp jq vfk kfvfhDrv bfmfp isVdYstb sn jq vfsk ufmfzfk nrjfsv dhkXv isVdYstb. zbcv™i nfrfhDoBW vmpfb mfsn ufmfzfk nrjfsv kfvfhDrv nfsK dhkXv isVsYb.

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301

mcndtmslv iadk jfsIvslv zkAfyfsvv nmq i]fy-zÙÁX bfmfspv swN vfjzfskv v¢jC sKsj mfKf kcst jcbCk iVf dhsLq. (zflf}, dm} 1290bQ) ˆƒ jcbCksj jcbCsk bfsptfr htf rq. ˆƒ jcbCsk mcndtmslv ubA lczf ˆhQ zkAfyfvD jfsIvslv dhv¢sÝ hÜczf jvf dhsLq. lcƒ rfk kcst lczf jvshb ƒmfm ˆhQ `zfmDb-zfmDb' htsh mcÙÁflDoB. ˆƒ jcbCskv lczfv HCdmjf dbm´v™i}-

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be��'�C��N:E8 � �D� .�6�$א ��D،?�ن��6�$א …¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf ƒâf bfnkf„bcjf z bfnkfodIv¢j, zbcNbD zftfƒjft Jfqvf jcïfr, zbfwjcv¢jf ztf bfjIcv¢j, zbfJtf… zbfkv¢jc mf]ƒ qAfIucv¢j, zfïf-ù©mf ƒqAfjf bf'hcl, ztfjf bcnfïD zbfnucl, zƒtfƒjf bfnzf z bfrdIl, bfvuc vfrmfkfjf zbfJwf zfpf-hfj, ƒâf zfpf-hfjf dht jcIIf-dv mctrfj¶. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfmvf skfmfv dbje nfrfpA iafKGbf jvdY ˆhQ [mf dH[f jvdY, skfmfv dbdmsÙ pfhkDq jtAfsBv iawQnf jvdY, skfmfv jxkÎkf jdv W jxkOkf jdv bf, skfmfv sp zhfLAkf jsv kfsj zfmvf kAfo jdv ˆhQ kfv nfsK n©ijG dYâ jdv. sr zfïfr! zfmvf skfmfvƒ ƒhflk jdv, skfmfv ubAƒ bfmfp idV ˆhQ dnulf jdv, skfmfv dlsjƒ zfmvf Ycse pfƒ. skfmfv vrmskv zfwf vfdJ ˆhQ skfmfv zfpfhsj Hq jdv, dbÇyq skfmfv zfpfh jfsIvslvsj si]ZYsh. ˆviv zkAfyfdvkslv ubA lczf ˆhQ zkAfyfvDslv …iv hÜczf jvsk rq. spmb,

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302

zKG }zKG }zKG }zKG }---- sr zfïfr! kcdm mcdmb W mcndtm bfvD-icv¢Nslvsj [mf jsv lfW. kfslv r™lsq r™lsq dmt lfW. kfslv msLA ‰jA nxdó jv. kfslvsj skfmfv W kfslv wÛ¢slv dhv¢sÝ nfrfpA jv. sr zfïfr! sp jfsIvvf skfmfv isK hfLf nxdó jvsY, skfmfv vnCtslvsj dmKAf msb jvsY ˆhQ skfmfv hácslv dhv¢sÝ pcÝ jvsY kfslvsj kcdm zfpfh lfW. sr zfïfr! kcdm Wslv mfsU dhd¤Yâkf nxdó jv. Wslvsj dhd[å W dhydtk jv ˆhQ Wslv …iv skfmfv snƒ zfpfh zhkDBG jv, pf zivfLD ufdk sKsj kcdm vl jsvf bf. (hfƒrfjD, 2/211, ƒhsb zfhD wfƒhfr iamcJ, ƒvWqf…t otDt 2/ 164- 170) vmpfsbv jcbCsk …ÙÁ lczf, zKGf{ jfsIvslv …iv hllczf ˆhQ mcdmbslv ubA lczf W ƒs²ÀoIfv jvfv jKf nfrfhDslv zfmst iamfdBk. (nrDr ƒhsb Jcpfƒmf 1100 bQ) spmb ˆv™i lczfW jvf dhsLq}-

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iajfw Kfsj sp, nfLfvB dlbnmCsr sjht Iusvv bfmfsp jcbCk dhsLq bq; hvQ kf dhlzfk. zfhC mfstj zfwuf„ hstb, zfmfv zfêf zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv diYsb ˆhQ zfhC hfjXv, …mfv W …nmfsbv diYsb bfmfp isVsYb. zfdm k]fsj duÎfnf jvtfm, k]fvf dj Iusv jcbCk iVskb? dkdb …Ùsv htstb, `bf, shef! ˆef dhlzfk.' (zf}, bf}, dk}, ƒmf}, hctCÈt mfvfm 303bQ, mh} 17/68) rpvk zfbfn hstb, bhD � sjfb n©ialfsqv ubA lczf zKhf hÜczf jvf YfVf Iusvv bfmfsp ˆmdb jcbCk iVskb bf. (ƒdr}, ƒJc}, hctCÈt mfvfm 302bQ) i[f§Àsv sp rflDn äfvf Iusvv bfmfsp jcbCk iamfB jvf rq, kf rq lchGt, bf rq sn jcbCk rt bfsptfv jcbCk; pf 5 zÙÁX bfmfspƒ dhsLq. (kfdm} 243ix})

yyyfffsssñññvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp yfsñv bfmfp mc²Àfrfh bIt. ˆƒ bfmfspv vsqsY dhvfe mfrfk¹A W nWqfh. rpvk zfhc pfvG rsk hdBGk, bhD hstb, ªiakAr njfst skfmfslv iaskAj zd²¿-oad§¿v …iv (kvI sKsj) lfkhA nljfr vsqsY; nckvfQ iaskAj kfnhDr rt nljfr iaskAj kfrmDl (zft rfmlc dtïf-r ifE) nljfr, iaskAj kfrtDt (tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïf-r ifE) nljfr, iaskAj kjhDv (zfïf-ù zfjhfv ifE) nljfr, n{jfsuv zfslwjvB nljfr, ˆhQ m¦l jfu rsk dbsNLjvBW nljfr. zfv ˆnh sKsj psKó rsh yfwXskv lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp.« (mcndtm 720 bQ)

rpvk hcvfƒlfr jkxGj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfdm zfïfrv vnCt ˆv dbje


303

wcsbdY, dkdb hstsYb, ªmfbhslsr 360de oad§¿ zfsY. iaskAj hAdÙÁv …iv ‰ iaskAj oad§¿v kvI sKsj slq nljfr vsqsY.« njst htt, `ˆk nljfr dlsk zfv sj n[m rsh, sr zfïfrv vnCt?' dkdb htstb, ªmndul rsk jI (ƒkAfdl sbfQvf) lCv jvf, iK rsk jólfqj h²Â (j]fef-ifKv iaHxdk) lCv jvf ˆj ˆjef nljfr. pdl kfsk n[m bf rW ksh lcƒ vfjzfk yfwXskv bfmfp skfmfv sn iasqfub iCBG jvsh.« (zfrml,W wèocdt k]fvƒ, zfhc lf†l, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, ƒhsb drêfb, nrDr kfvoDh 661 bQ) rpvk zfècïfr dhb zfmXv dhb zfn iamcJf{ hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt ˆj spfÝfhfdrbD siavB jsvb. ˆƒ pcÝ nIsv kfvf hù pcÝté n©il tfH j'sv Jch wDOaƒ dIsv zfsn. stfsjvf kfslv pcÝs[sÛv dbjehdkGkf, té n©islv zfdLjA ˆhQ dIsv zfnfv wDOakf dbsq ndh±mq dhdHâ zfstfybf jvsk tfot. kf wcsb zfïfrv vnCt htstb, ªzfdm dj skfmfslvsj Wslv sysq dbjekv pcÝs[Û, Wslv sysq zdLjkv té n©il ˆhQ Wslv sysq wDOakv dIsv zfnfv jKfv náfb hst slh bf? sp hAdÙÁ njfst Wpc jsv yfwXskv bfmfspv …sÜswA mndusl pfq sn hAdÙÁ Wslv sysq dbjekv pcÝs[sÛ spfolfb jsv, Wslv sysq zdLjkv n©il tfH jsv ˆhQ Wslv sysq zdLjkv wDOa Osv dIsv zfsn.« (zfrml, k¶fhfvfbD, nrDr kfvoDh 663 bQ)

rpvk …j¶hfr dhb zfsmv ucrfbD rsk hdBGk, dkdb hstb zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªzfïfr zfpXpf zufïX hstb, `sr zflm n§Àfb! dlsbv iaKmfQsw kcdm zfmfv ubA yfv vfjzfk bfmfp iVsk z[m rsqf bf, zfdm kfv iadklfsb skfmfv dlsbv swNfQswv ubA psKó rh.« (zfrml, zfhc qAftf, nrDr kfvoDh 666 bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, pcrfv bfmfp isV `hfhcp pcrf' dlsq ufâfsk pfWqfv rflDn nrDr bq. (slJcb } pfmf} 1/349 eDjf bQ 1)

ˆƒƒƒ bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv nnnmmmqqq n¶ftfkcp-pcrf hf yfsñv bfmfspv nmq ðv¢ rq nCpG pJb lwGsjv syfsJ ˆj hwGf (ˆj dmefv) idvmfB …isv WsE. zKGf{ nCpG WEfv smfefmcde 15 dmdbe isv ˆƒ bfmfp iVf pfq. (mcm} 4/122) zfv swN rq nCpG Ttfv zfso. ksh …Ùm rt, nCpG iChGfjfsw …]yc rWqfv iv pJb mfde ovm rsk ðv¢ jvsh kJb ˆƒ bfmfp iVf. mrfbhD � hstb, ªnCpG …sE sost kfviv bfmfp iV. jfvB, ˆƒ (nCpG mfKfv …iv zfnfv zfso ipG§À) nmq bfmfp jhct rq ˆhQ kfsk dIdvñf …id²¿k Kfsjb.« (zf}, ƒmf}, rf}, nuf} 663bQ) pfql dhb zfvjfm hstb, ˆjlf mrfbhD � jchfhfnDv dbjse ˆsn slJstb, kfvf yfsñv bfmfp iVsY. dkdb htstb, ªzfWqfhDsbv (zfïfrv dlsj iakAfhkGbjfvDslv) bfmfp pJb …sev hf¤yfv if hfdtsk ovm zbcHh jsv.« (zf}, mc} dk}, dm} 1312bQ) …ÙÁ rflDn sKsj ±ió sp, ˆƒ yfsñv bfmfpsjƒ hst zfWqfhDsbv bfmfp. htf hfùtA, mfosvshv iv 6 vfjzfk bfmfspv ‰ bfm slWqf dHdÙrDb.


304

iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆƒ bfmfpsj kfv iaKm zsÙÁ (nCpG ˆj hwGf hvfhv …isv …Efv iv) iVst ƒwvfsjv bfmfp htf rq. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ Iusvv bfmfp ufmfzfsk isV, zk}iv nCspGflq zhdL hsn zfïfrv dpjXv jsv kfviv lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp isV, snƒ hAdÙÁv ˆjde rÏ W …mvfv nWqfh tfH rq.« hBGbfjfvD hstb, zfïfrv vnCt htstb, ªidviCBG, idviCBG, idviCBG.« zKGf{ sjfb zn©iCBG rÏ-…mvfv nWqfh bq hvQ iCBG rÏ-…mvfv nWqfh. (dk}, nkf} 461bQ)

ˆƒƒƒ bbbfffmmmfffppp jjjkkk vvvfffjjjzzzfffkkk??? yfsñv bfmfspv jmis[ 2 vfjzfk ˆhQ †LG¶is[v sjfb dbdlGó vfjzfk nQJAf sbƒ. zhwA mrfbhD � dbsu ˆƒ bfmfp 8 vfjzfk iVskb hst iamfdBk. i[f§Àsv k]fv jKfq iamfdBk 12 vfjzfk. …s©m rfbD (vf}) jkGxj hdBGk, mrfbhD � mÄf dhusqv dlb k]fv Osv yfsñv nmq 8 vfjzfk bfmfp isVsYb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1309bQ) mf zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, mrfbhD � 4 vfjzfk yfsñv bfmfp iVskb ˆhQ zfïfrv kWIDj zbcnfsv zfsvf shwD iVskb. (zf}, mc}, ƒmf, dm} 1310bQ) dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ yfsñv 4 vfjzfk ˆhQ iaKm bfmfp (spfrsvv) iCshG 4 vfjzfk iVsh, kfv ubA ufâfsk ˆjde Ov dbmGfB jvf rsh.« (k¶fh zfWnfk¶, dnn} 2349bQ) mf zfsqwf (vf}) 8 vfjzfk yfñX iVskb zfv htskb, pdl zfmfv mf-hfisjW uDdhk jsv slWqf rq khcW zfdm kf YfVh bf. (mf}, dm} 1319bQ) rpvk zfhc lfvlf rsk hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zfïfrv vnCt hstsYb, ªsp hAdÙÁ yfwskv lc vfjzfk bfmfp iVsh sn …lfnDbslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rsh bf. sp hAdÙÁ yfv vfjzfk iVsh sn zfshlosBv kfdtjfHcÙÁ rsh. sp hAdÙÁ Yq vfjzfk iVsh kfv ubA ‰ dlsb (zfïfr kfv zmÌstv dhv¢sÝ) psKó rshb. sp hAdÙÁ zfe vfjzfk iVsh zfïfr kfsj ˆjf§À zbcokslv kfdtjfHcÙÁ jvshb. sp hAdÙÁ hfsvf vfjzfk iVsh kfv ubA zfïfr ufâfsk ˆjde oxr dbmGfB jvshb. ˆmb sjfb dlb hf vfdÛ sbƒ pfsk zfïfrv sjfb zbcoar sbƒ; dkdb k]fv hf¦lfslv msLA pfv iadk ƒ¤Yf lfböv™i …ÙÁ zbcoar lfb jsv Kfsjb. zfv k]fv dpjXsv siavBf lfb jvf zsi[f swaô zbcoar zfïfr k]fv hf¦lfslv msLA sjfb hf¦lfv iadkƒ jsvbdb.« (k¶fhfvfbDv jfhDv, nkf} 671 bQ) ntI jkGxj 12 vfjzfskv shwD iVfv jKfW iamfdBk. zkˆh sj… iVst shwD iVsk ifsv. (dInc} zfvhD 1/186) …sïJA sp, 2 vfjzfskv zdLj yfñX iVst iaskAj 2 vfjzfsk nftfm dIvfƒ …Ùm. iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆƒ bfmfsp sjfb dbdlGó dj¶vfzfk sbƒ. nCvf wfmXn W pcrf iVfv


305

rflDnde uft. (dnp} 3774bQ)

yyyfffsssñññvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp mmmnnnddduuussslll iiiVVVfffvvv iiixx xKKKjjj IIIpppDDDtttkkk

rpvk zfhc …mfmf jkxGj hdBGk, zfïfr vnCt hstb ªsp hAdÙÁ sjfb Ivp bfmfp zflfsqv …sÜswA öoxsr sKsj WpC jsv (mnduslv dlsj) shv rq snƒ hAdÙÁv nWqfh rq ƒrvfm hf]Lf rfuDv bAfq. zfv sp hAdÙÁ sjhtmfÛ yfsñv bfmfp iVfv …sÜswAƒ shv rq, kfv nWqfh rq …mvfjfvDv nmfb. ˆj bfmfspv iv ziv bfmfp; sp lcsqv mfsU sjfb znfv (ifdKGh) dÛÁqfjtfi bf Kfsj kf ˆmb zfmt pf ƒdïqADsb (n{stfsjv n{jmGfdl dtdihÝ jvfv dbhá oas§¿) dtdihÝ jvf rq.« (zflf}, nkf} 315bQ)

pppfffWWWqqqfffttt (((nnnCC CpppGG G TTTtttfffvvv))) iiiCC CssshhhGG G bbbfffmmmfffppp

yfsñv bfmfp iVfv iv dEj mfKfv …iv nCpG rWqfv iCshG 4 vfjzfk bIt iVf ncâk. ˆ bfmfp mrfbhD � iVskb. (zf}, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, dnn} 237bQ) zsbsjv msk pfWqfstv isvW dbdlGó 4 vfjzfk bfmfp vsqsY. zfhC zfƒqch zfbnfvD hstb, bhD � nCpG Ttfv nmq 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iakAr iVskb. ˆjlf zfdm httfm, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfidb nCpG Ttfv nmq ˆƒ 4 vfjzfk iakAr iVsYb?' dkdb htstb, ªnCpG Ttfv nmq zfnmfsbv lvufnmCr sJftf rq ˆhQ spfrsvv bfmfp bf iVf ipG§À há jvf rq bf. zkˆh zfdm iY¦l jdv sp, ˆƒ nmq zfmfv sbj zfmt (zfjfsw zfïfrv dbje) …Efsbf srfj.« zfdm httfm, `kfv iaskAj vfjzfskƒ dj dj¶vfzfk zfsY?' dkdb htstb, ªr]Af.« zfdm httfm, `kfv mfsU dj ixKjjfvD nftfm zfsY?' dkdb htstb, ªbf.« (mcJkfnfv¢w wfmfƒdtt mcrf©mfdlqAfr, zfthfbD 249bQ) zfècïfr dhb nfsqh hstb, zfïfrv vnCt � nCpG Ttfv iv spfrsvv zfso 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVskb ˆhQ hstsYb, ˆef rt snƒ nmq, sp nmq zfnmfsbv lvufnmCr sJftf rq. zkˆh zfdm iY¦l jdv sp, ˆƒ nmq zfmfv sbj zfmt (zfjfsw zfïfrv dbje) …Efsbf srfj.« (‰ 250bQ) dj§Â zsbsjv msk ‰ bfmfp spfrsvv iCshGv ncâk. zïfù zf'tfm.

ƒƒƒddd²²²ÀÀ ÀJJJfffvvvfffvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp


306

sjfb ShL dhNq hf jfsu (spmb hAhnf, nIv, dhhfsrv hAfifsv) Hfstf m¦l hcUsk bf ifvst, msb dEj-shdEj, …dyk-zbcdyk hf tfH-sbfjnfsbv ä¦ä rst zfïfrv dbje mÌt iafKGbf jvsk lcƒ vfjzfk bIt bfmfp isV dbsmv lczf ifE jvf ncâk.

�Dو��]��4*#'� ��&]�4�[��1�3�?�@�<W' א��2A��2��و�*�=�D2�3�P�(،�@�&2��Dא ��'�V2�(�/C�DE ��[و��D=��E* ��Cא��6אM��?�ن�.�l�9E=��'�@��ن@�<W' א�،B�+�&�k אم�N"�$�l�3و��@�'�$��9�12)……(و�=��'�@�و��1د(�1 b��&�O

w��A��$و��1h��Cو��،و�?�ن�.�l2�9E=��'�2@��ن�2�&(�12 ��2� �@��1 �S��Lو��1 �S��A��(�',R�'��y��Cو�$��,��2�9�$�1)��!��2)��$�9��12و�א!�9(��2�2',Rو��2'��y��2�Cو�$��,w��A��$و��1h��Cو��19��1د(�1 ��h��Cא��6אM

و�� 19�a��;�א [�&��&��.��ن��@ ��Aא. …¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- ªzfïf-ù©mf zf²ÀfJDv¢jf dhƒtdmjf z zf²Àfj¶dlv¢jf dh j¶clvfdkjf z zfnzftcjf dmb Ifp¶dtjft zfpDm, Ifƒâfjf kfj¶dlv¢ ztf zfj¶dlv¢ zkf'tfmc ztf zf'tfmc z zf§Àf zfïf-mct ocqCh. zfïf-ù©mf ƒb jc§Àf kf'tfmc zfâf rf-pft zfmvf (----) Jfƒv¢t tD ID lDbD z mfzf'wD z zf'-dj¶hfdk zfmvD z zf'-dudtrD z zf-dudtr, Ifj¶lcvù tD, z qAfndnvù tD, nc©mf hf-dvj tD IDr. zƒb jc§Àf kf'tfmc zfâf rf-pft zfmvf wfv¢Gt tD ID lDbD z mfzf'wD z zf'-djhfdk zfmvD z zf'-dudtrD z zf-dudtr, Ifn¶dvIù zfâD zn¶dvIbD zfbù, zj¶lcv dtqft Jfƒvf rfƒnc jf-bf nc©mf vfp¶dp¶bD dhr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv dbje skfmfv ƒtsmv nfsK mÌt iafKGbf jvdY. skfmfv jclvskv nfsK wdÙÁ iafKGbf jvdY ˆhQ skfmfv dhvfe zbcoar sKsj dH[f pfybf jvdY. sjbbf, kcdm wdÙÁ vfJ, zfdm wdÙÁ vfdJ bf. kcdm ufb, zfdm ufdb bf ˆhQ kcdm zlxswAv idvÎfkf. sr zfïfr! pdl kcdm ˆƒ (---) jfu zfmfv ubA zfmfv äDb, lcdbqf, uDhb ˆhQ jfsuv dhtdìk W zdhtdìk idvBfsm Hfstf ufb, kfrst kf zfmfv ubA dbLGfdvk W nru jsv lfW. zk}iv kfsk zfmfv ubA hjGk lfb jv. zfv pdl kcdm ˆƒ jfu zfmfv ubA zfmfv äDb, lcdbqf, uDhb ˆhQ jfsuv dhtdìk W zdhtdìk idvBfsm m¦l ufb, kfrst kf zfmfv dbje sKsj dIdvsq bfW ˆhQ zfmfsj Wv dbje sKsj ndvsq lfW. zfv spJfsbƒ srfj mÌt zfmfv ubA hf²Àhfdqk jv, zk}iv kfsk zfmfv mbsj idvkcó jsv lfW. iaKsm �2Cא�62אM `rf-pft zfmvf' ˆv ²¿st hf isv jfsuv bfm dbsk rsh zKhf msb msb snƒ ÎfkhA dhNsqv iadk ƒdÌk jvsk rsh. mrfbhD � ˆƒ lczf nfrfhDoBsj dwJfskb, spmb jcvzfsbv nCvf dwJfskb. zfv ˆJfb sKsjƒ sYfe-hV njt jfsuƒ ƒd²ÀJfvfv Èv¢k¶ iajfw ifq. sn hAdÙÁ jsmG sjfbdlb tfdÒk rq bf sp zfïfrv dbje kfsk mÌt iafKGbf jsv,


307

zdHÎslv dbje ivfmwG oarB jsv ˆhQ Hfstf-m¦l dhyfv jvfv iv jmG jsv. (hc}, zflf}, dk}, zf} 3 /344) ÎfkhA sp, ƒd²ÀJfvfv iCshG jfsuv Hfstf-ms¦lv sjfb ˆjef dlsjv iadk zdLj iahBkf Kfjst ytsh bf. hvQ ˆƒ iahBkf zfïfrv kvI sKsj nxdó rsh ƒd²ÀJfvfv isvƒ. zfv kf ˆjhfv jvstƒ rsh. 7 hfv jvfv rflDn nrDr bq. (ƒhbcn ncâD 598bQ-ˆv eDjf û}) iajfw Kfsj sp, ncbfsb vfskhfr zKhf kfdrqAfkct mfndul zKhf sp sjfb 2 vfjzfk ncâskv iv vfskv zKhf dlsbv (dbdNÝ nmq YfVf) sp sjfb nmsq …ÙÁ lczf iVf pfq. …ÙÁ bfmfspv dbqm nfLfvB ncâk bfmfspv mkƒ. ˆ bfmfspv iaskAj vfjzfsk sjfb dbdlGó iEbDq nCvf sbƒ. sp sjfb nCvf iVstƒ yst. ˆƒ bfmfp zbA äfvf iVfsbf pfq bf. spmb öispfso ±ió djYc slJfW uv¢vD bq.

nnn¶¶ ¶ ffftttfffkkkcc ckkk kkkfffnnnhhhDDDrrr

mrfbhD � sKsj hdBGk jvf rsq Kfsj sp, ˆjlf dkdb k]fv yfyf zfêfn -sj htstb, ªsr zfêfn, sr yfyf! zfdm dj zfibfsj slh bf? zfdm dj zfibfsj lfb jvh bf? zfdm dj dhswNHfsh zfibfsj ˆjde dudbn lfb jvh bf? zfdm dj zfibfsj ˆmb dudbn dwdJsq slh bf, pf zfibfv 10 iajfv ifi Jàb jsv dlsk ifsv? pdl zfidb kf jsvb kfrst zfïfr zfibfv iaKm W swsNv, icvfkb W bCkb, zdb¤Yfjxk W ƒ¤Yfjxk, sYfe W hV, Èå W iajfwA ˆƒ 10 iajfv ifi mfI jsv slshb. snef rt ˆƒ sp, zfidb 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVshb. iaskAj vfjzfsk zfidb nCvf Ifdkrfv iv ˆjde nCvf iVshb. zk}iv iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf iVf swN rst zfidb l]fdVsq sKsjƒ 15 hfv htshb,

�� ?��NאE5،و�אE5��.��]��ن�א5،و�א ��#��5،و��?. nchrfbfïfdr ztrfmlc dtïfdr ztf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfù zïfù zfjhfv. ˆviv zfidb v¢jC jvshb. v¢jC zh²¿fq (knhDrv iv) 10 hfv ‰ dpjXv htshb. zk}iv v¢jC sKsj mfKf kctshb. (vfêfbf tfjft rfmXl htfv iv) ‰ dpjXv 10 hfv htshb. zk}iv zfidb dnulfq pfshb. (dnulfv knhDr isV) ‰ dpjXv 10 hfv htshb. zk}iv dnulf sKsj mfKf kcst (lczf htfv iv) ‰ dpjXv 10 hfv htshb. kfviv icbvfq dnulfq dosq (knhDrv iv) ‰ dpjXv 10 hfv htshb. zk}iv dnulf sKsj mfKf kcst (ƒd²Àvfrfv ShEsj) ‰ dpjXv 10 hfv htshb. ˆƒ rt iaskAj vfjzfsk 75 hfv iEbDq dpjXv. (4 vfjzfsk nhGsmfe 300 hfv.)


308

ˆƒHfsh zfidb iaskAj vfjzfsk ifE jsv 4 vfjzfk bfmfp isVb. ifvst iaskAj dlb 1hfv isVb. kf bf ifvst iaskAj ucmzfq 1hfv isVb. kf bf ifvst iaskAj mfsn 1hfv. kf bf ifvst iaskAj hYsv 1hfv. kfW bf ifvst nfvf uDhsbW 1hfv isVb. (zflf}, bf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}, rf}, k¶fh}, nkf} 674bQ, nuf} 7937bQ) ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, ªzfibfv sofbfr pdl nmcsûv sIbf hf umfe h]fLf hfdtv mk zodBk rq khcW zfïfr zfibfv ubA nm²Àsj [mf jsv slshb.« (dk}, ƒmf}, lfvf}, hf}, k¶fh}, nkf} 675bQ) iajfw sp, kfwfrùslv ShEsj knhDr kfwfrùl iVfv zfso iVsk rsh. (bfb} 238ix})

ˆƒƒƒ bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv nnnmmmqqq zfècïfr dhb zfmXv zKhf zfècïfr dhb …mfv zKhf zfècïfr dhb zfêfn hstb, ˆjlf bhD � zfmfsj htstb, ªkcdm zfofmD jft zfmfv dbje ˆn. zfdm skfmfsj djYc lfb jvh, djYc iadklfb slh, djYc slh.« zfdm Hfhtfm, rqskf dkdb zfmfsj sjfb dudbn …irfv slshb. dj§Â dkdb zfmfsj htstb, ªdlb (nCpG) Tst sost (spfrsvv iCshG) WE ˆhQ 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iV.« (zfmf} 4/127, kczf} 2/491) zk}iv zfècïfr iCshGfÙÁ rflDsnv mk …sïJ jvstb. idvswsN mrfbhD � k]fsj htstb, ªpdl kcdm ixdKhDv hcsj nhsysq hV ifiDW rW khcW ‰ bfmfspv znDtfq zfïfr skfmfsj mfI jsv slshb.« zfècïfr hstb, zfdm pdl ‰ nmq ‰ bfmfp iVsk bf ifdv? dkdb htstb, ªvfsk dlsb sp sjfb nmsq iV.« (zflf} 1298bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆƒ bfmfsp Hct rst nù dnulfq ‰ dpjXv ifE jvsk rsh bf. (zfmf} 4/126, kczf} 2/490) ÎfkhA sp ufmfzfk jsv ˆ bfmfp iVf dhsLq bq. zfsvf nkjGkfv dhNq sp, ˆ bfmfpsj zsbsj dhlzfk hst …sïJ jsvsYb. wfqJ ƒhsb …NfƒmDb hstb, `lchGt rflDnsj dHdÙ jsv mksHl nxdó�rWqfv�ˆjde�…lfrvB `n¶ftfkck kfnhDr.'�ˆ�bfmfp djYc�…tfmfv dbje mc²Àfrfh. ˆv iÝdk rt�ˆƒ sp, yfv vfjzfk bfmfsp bfmfpD nCvf Ifdkrf ifE jvsh ˆhQ kfviv 15 hfv kfnhDr iVsh. zbv™i v¢jC W dnulfq (10 hfv) kfnhDr ifE jvsh---. ˆƒHfsh swN vfjzfk ipG§À sp dbqm-iÝdk zfsY, pfv hBGbf zfdm ndEjHfsh dlsk ifvdY bf. jfvB,�…ÙÁ�bfmfspv rflDnsj wvDqskv rflDn hst zfmfv dhw¶fn rq bf. zbAfbA …tfmfoB msb jsvb sp, `n¶ftfkck kfnhDr' bfmfp ziY¦lbDq dhlzfk ˆhQ kfv rflDn nrDr bq. ]slv msLA ˆjub rstb ƒmfm zfrmfl dhb rfìt (v}). dkdb hstsYb, `bhD � sKsj ˆ rflDn nrDr nCsÛ�hdBGk bq.' wfqJct ƒntfm ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr hstb, `…ÙÁ bfmfspv rflDnde zfïfrv vnCt �-


309

ˆv iadk zfsvfdik dmKAf.' iajxkia²Àfsh sp hAdÙÁ ˆ bfmfpde (rflDnde) dbsq dhyfv-dhshybf jvsh, sn slJsk ifsh sp, ˆsk vsqsY ˆjfdLj …ßdÕ.�ˆmbdj bfmfpde dhdLhÝ�rWqfv hAfifsvW�…ßdÕ�t[BDq. sjbbf,�ƒhflk rq r™lsqv ubA …ijfvD rsh. zfv kf rst ‰ ƒhflk nhGjft W nhG²¿fsbv ubA dhdLhÝ�rsh. bsy{ kf …ijfvD rsh bf. zfv kf rst kf dhdLhÝƒ bq. htf hfùtA, …ÙÁ�rflDsn sp bfmfspv jKf htf rsqsY sp, kf iaskAj dlb zKhf iaskAj nåfr zKhf iaskAj mfn�zKhf iaskAj hYsv ˆjhfv. zfv kf bf ifvst uDhsbW�ˆjhfv iVsh�-ˆmb jKfv bpDv wvDqsk dmst bf. nckvfQ�…ÙÁ�rflDnde kfv nbl W mkb (hBGbf-nCÛ W�hÙÁhA)�…Hq dlj dlsqƒ sp …ße, kf�±ió�rq. zfv dpdb rflDndesj dmKAf hstsYb -spmb wfqJct�ƒntfm hstsYb -dkdb dEjƒ hstsYb. ˆ ubA wfqJct ƒntfm zfsvf hstsYb, `ƒmfmosBv sj…ƒ ˆƒ bfmfpsj mc²Àfrfh msb jsvbdb.' ˆJfsb `n¶ftfkck kfnhDr' dlsq …lfrvB slWqfv ˆjmfÛ�jfvB�ˆƒ sp, bfvD-icv¢N zsbsjƒ ˆ dbsq iaw jsv Kfsj. pfsk zfmfv Hq rq sp, ˆƒ bfmfspv dhlzfkde dhsLq (wvqD) dhNsq idvBk rsq pfsh. zfv pdlW djYc mfbcsNv dbje HfvD, khcW zfdm ˆƒ bfmfpsj dhlzfk ˆƒ jfvsB htdY sp, zfmvf dhw¶fn jdv, mrfb zfïfrv …sÜswA sp sjfb�ƒhflskv hBGbf djkfh zKhf k]fv vnCstv (nrDr) ncâfq bf Kfjst kf dhlzfk.'� (stJj jkGxj zbCdlk …tfmfv mkfSbjA 24-25ix}) i[f§Àsv ƒhsb rfufv, wfqJ zfrmfl wfsjv W zfïfmf mchfvjicvD iamcJ …ÙÁ rflDnsj rfnfb hstb. ƒmfm rfsjm W pfrfhDW rflDndesj wdÙÁwftD hst m§ÀhA jsvb. JkDh hfolflD, ƒmfm bWhD, ƒhsb n¶ftfr ˆhQ mcrfsÜn zfïfmf zfthfbD (v}) iamcJ …tfmfoB …ÙÁ bfmfspv rflDnsj nrDr hstb. (û} dm} 1328bQ, 1/419, 1bQ eDjf) zkˆh zfïfrƒ Hfstf ufsbb.

nnn¶¶ ¶ ffftttfffkkkcc cttt rrrfff---uuufffrrr

n¶ftfkct rf-ufr hf iasqfub iCvsBv bfmfp zKGf{ Èv¢k¶iCBG djYc yfƒsk 2 vfjzfk ˆƒ bIt bfmfp dhsLq. mrfbhD � pJb sjfb jdEb dhisl hf nmnAfq iVskb, kJb bfmfp iVskb. (zf}, zflf} 1319, bf}, dm} 1325bQ) zfv mrfb zfïfr hstb,

)��"��و�א <> � 6��/��9�CR+אא]��4&��9+�אN א��<f��( zKGf{, sr „mfblfvoB! skfmvf SLpG W bfmfspv mfLAsm (zfïfrv jfsY) nfrfpA iafKGbf jv. (jc} 2/45, 153) ˆj zá hAdÙÁ bhD �-ˆv dbje ˆsn htt, `zfidb zfïfrv dbje lczf jv¢b, spb


310

zfïfr zfmfsj zák¶ sKsj mcÙÁ jsvb.' dkdb htstb, ªpdl kcdm yfW skfmfv ubA lczf jvh. bsy{ pdl yfW SLpG Lv ˆhQ snefƒ skfmfv ubA swaq.« stfjde htt, `hvQ zfidb lczf jv¢b.' nckvfQ dkdb kfsj Wpc jvsk htstb ˆhQ Hfstfv™si Wpc jsv lc' vfjzfk bfmfp isV ˆƒ lczf jvsk zfslw dlstb}- `sr zfïfr! zfdm skfmfv dbje iafKGbf jvdY. skfmfv bhD, lqfv bhDv nfsK skfmfv zdHmcJ rd¤Y. sr mcrf©ml! zfdm zfibfv nfsK zfmfv iadkiftsjv iadk zfmfv ˆƒ iasqfub iCvsBv hAfifsv zdHmcJD rsqdY. sr zfïfr! zfmfv hAfifsv kcdm ]v ncifdvw oarB jv ˆhQ ]v hAfifsv kcdm zfmfv ncifdvw oarB jv.' hBGbfjfvD hstb sp, zk}iv ‰ hAdÙÁ ‰v™i jvst sn kfv lxdówdÙÁ dIsv sit. (dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, ƒJc}, rf}, nkf} 678bQ) iajfw Kfsj sp, zHfh smfysbv bfmfp W tìf lczfv rflDnde zkA§À lchGt. (dk} 479, ƒmf}, dm} 1327bQ, eDjf û})

nnn¶¶ ¶ ffftttfffkkkcc ckkk kkkfffWWWhhhfffrrr

n¶ftfkck kfWhfr hf kWhf jvfv nmq dhswN 2 zKhf vfjzfk bfmfp iVf dhsLq. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ sjfb sofbfr jsv sIst zk}iv …sE WpC jsv 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV zfïfrv jfsY [mf iafKGbf jsv, sn hAdÙÁsj zfïfr mfI jsv slb.« zk}iv mrfbhD � ˆƒ zfqfk sktfzk jsvb}-

)�@�<�LE:�3��'�#�+�א��و��w��6��/�?�ذ�א)��'E+א)��N و�אN��?�B�+�3f62 א��2:�k��/�Cو�،�@�< �+�3�6ذ�.��وאא�5�k�4�[��(:��و�א �/2C�y��2�n�=bJ�2� �>�2@�و�,�9��/2�C��:�k�C�@�M�dא�Q�,�Dא5،و� �@��<�fو�א$�'�;��CE'��(+�אو��M@��'�#�+�ن�،�Eو ��

�� O��<�3א��<4��=��<�&(�/( zKGf{, zfv pfvf sjfb zw½Dt jfu jsv sIst zKhf dbsuslv iadk uctcm jsv (ifi jsv) sIst zk}iv nfsK nfsK zfïfrsj n¹vB jsv dbsuslv ifsiv ubA [mf iafKGbf jsv; zfv zfïfr YfVf zfv sj ifi [mf jvsh? zfv kfvf susb-ðsb dbsuslv zivfsLv …iv rEjfdvkf jsv bf. ‰ njt stfsjslv icvõfv rt kfslv iadkiftsjv jfsY [mf ˆhQ snƒ shsrñX pfv iflslsw blDmftf iahfdrk; snJfsb kfvf dyvjft hfn jvsh. (jc} 3/135-136) (zflf} 1521, dk}, bf}, ƒmf}, ƒdr}, ƒJc}, hf}, nkf} 677bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ …Ùmv™si WpC jsv zk}iv …sE 2 vfjzfk zKhf 4 vfjzfk Ivp zKhf zIvp (ncâk hf bIt) bfmfp …Ùmv™si v¢jC W dnulf jsv isV, zk}iv sn zfïfrv jfsY [mf iafKGbf jsv, sn hAdÙÁsj [mf jsv slWqf rq.« (k¶fh})


311

yyy¦¦¦ûûû WWW nnnCC CpppGG Goooaa arrrsssBBBvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp n¶ftfkct jcnCI zt-JcnCI hf y¦û W nCpG oarsBv bfmfp 4 v¢jCsk 2 vfjzfk ncâfsk mczfÄflfr. ˆƒ bfmfspv dbqm dbm´v™i }- ys¦û zKhf nCspG oarB tfof ðv¢ rst `zfnX-n¶ftf-kc ufsmzfr' hst zfrhfb jvsk rsh mcndtmslvsj. ufmfzfsk jfkfv h]fLf rst ƒmfm nfsrh bfmfp ðv¢ jvshb. nwsè nCvf Ifdkrfv iv tìf dj¶vfzfk jvshb ˆhQ kfviv v¢jCsk pfshb. tìf v¢jC sKsj mfKf kcst icbvfq hcsj rfk svsJ (nCvf Ifdkrf isV) zfhfv iChGfsi[f jm tìf dj¶vfzfk jvshb. zk}iv däkDqhfv zsi[fjxk jm tìf v¢jC jsv hfjD vfjzfk nfLfvB bfmfspv mk swN jsv däkDq vfjzfskW zbcv™i 2 hfv dj¶vfzfk W 2 hfv v¢jC jsv bfmfp n©iâ jvshb. ˆ bfmfspv dnulfW rsh Jch tìf. iaKm vfjzfskv sysq däkDq vfjzfk zsi[fjxk sYfe rsh. mcÙÁflDoB sp dbqsm ƒmfsmv zbcnvB jvsk rq, snƒ dbqsm zbcnvB jvsh. ˆƒ bfmfp ˆk tìf rWqf …dyk sp, spb bfmfp swN rsq slJf pfq, nCpG hf ys¦ûv oarB sYsV sosY. zbcv™iHfsh bfmfp swN jsv l]fdVsq mrfbhD � Jckhf dlsqdYstb. rfmXl W nfbfv iv hstdYstb, ªnCpG W y¦û mrfb nxdójkGf zfïfr kfzftfv zbAkm dblwGb. jfsvf mxkcA hf us¦mv ubA …Hsq oarB tfso bf. zkˆh kfsk oarB tfosk slJst skfmvf zfkdËk rsq bfmfsp mo rW.« (hc} 1047bQ, mc}) bfmfspv nfsK nfsK ˆƒ nmq lczf, kjhDv, ƒd²ÀoIfv W nljfr jvf mc²Àfrfh. spsrkc mrfbhD � hstb, ªnCpG W y¦û mrfb nxdójkGf zfïfr kfzftfv zbAkm hV dblwGb. jfsvf mxkcA hf us¦mv ubA …Hsq oarB tfso bf. zkˆh kfsk oarB tfosk slJst skfmvf zfïfrv jfsY lczf jv, kjhDv iV, nljfr jv ˆhQ bfmfp iV.« (hc} 1044bQ, mc}, dm} 1483bQ) zbA ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, ªskfmvf zfkdËk rsq zfïfrv dpjXv, lczf W ƒd²ÀoIfsv mo´ rW.« (‰, dm} 1484bQ) ˆƒ nmq dkdb ÛÁDklfn mcÙÁ jvsk (hc} 1054bQ) ˆhQ jhsvv zfpfh sKsj ifbfr yfƒskW zfslw jsvsYb. (hc} 1050bQ) …sïJA sp, jfsvf pdl lcƒ v¢jcv ˆjdeW Ycse pfq, kfrst vfjzfk oBA jvsh bf. jfvB, ˆjde v¢jC Ycse sost vfjzfk rsh bf. ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv 2de v¢jC dhdwó 1 vfjzfk bfmfp jfpf iVsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/350, mh} 13/98, 23/93, mcmck¶fnf} 129-130ix}) iCshGƒ htf rsqsY sp, y¦û-nCpG oarsBv bfmfp ncâfsk mczfÄflfr. dj§Â ˆv kctbfq sp bfmfspv Èv¢k¶ shwD snƒ bfmfspv nmsq ˆƒ bfmfspv nmq rst zdLj Èv¢k¶iCBG bfmfpƒ iVsk rsh. spmb, ucmzfr hf „slv nmq nCpGoarB ðv¢ rst, zKhf kfvfhDrv nmq y¦ûoarB ðv¢ rst oarsBv bfmfspv …iv ‰ njt bfmfp iafLfbA ifsh. dbdNÝ nmsqv msLA; spmb Iuv W zfnsvv iv oarB tfostW ‰ bfmfp iVf pfq.


312

Ivp bfmfspv nmq ˆsn sost ‰ bfmfp rfîf jsv iVsk rsh. bfmfspv ivW oarB hfjD Kfjst däkDqhfv ‰ bfmfp iVf dhsLq bq. spmb oarB iakA[ bf jvf ipG§À sjht idÓjfv drnfshv …iv dbHGv jsv ‰ bfmfp iVf dhsLq bq. zbcv™i dhsLq bq oarB lxwA bf rst. HCdmj©i, UV, dbvhd¤Yâ huaifk, zfsoqdodvv zdo …lXdovB iaHxdk iafjxdkj lcspGfsov nmqW oarsBv mk bfmfp iVfv jKf rpvk zftD, ƒhsb zfêfn W ùpfƒIf nfrfhD jkGxj hdBGk zfsY. (mcm} 5/255) iajfw Kfsj sp, nCpG hf y¦û oarsBv nmq oHGhkDsj ˆ jvsk sbƒ, sn jvsk sbƒ, ðsq Kfjsk rq hf kfv ˆƒ jvst snƒ rq iaHxdk jKf wvDqsk sbƒ. nckvfQ dhÎfb pdl kf nmKGb bf jsv kfrst kf zmCtj LfvBfianCk jKf. iv§Â wvDqsk zfsY msb jsv ˆ jKf htf W mfbf rst kf dhlzfk. zhwA Jfdt syfsJ oarB slJst syfJ Jfvfi rsk ifsv, sn jKf nkA.

nnn¶¶ ¶ ffftttfffkkkcc cttt ƒƒƒddd²²²ÀÀ Ànnnjjjfff

n¶ftfkct ƒd²Ànjf hf hxdó iafKGbfv bfmfp zbfhxdóv nmq mrfb iadkiftsjv dbje hxdó iafKGbfv …sÜswA iVf ncâk. hxdó há rWqfv jfvB, mfbcsNv ifi W dhswN jsv pfjfk há jsv slWqf. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsr mcrfduvlt! i]fyde jmG ˆmb vsqsY pfsk skfmvf dtå rsq iVst (…ipcÙÁ wfd²À skfmfslvsj oafn jvsh). zfdm zfïfrv dbje ifbfr yfƒ, pfsk skfmvf kf iakA[ bf jv. pJbƒ sjfb ufdkv msLA zw½Dtkf (hAdHyfv) iajfwAHfsh hAfij rsh kJbƒ snƒ ufdkv msLA si½o ˆhQ ˆmb mrfmfvD hAfij rsh pf kfslv iChGicv¢Nslv mfsU dYt bf. sp ufdkƒ mfi W Wusb jm slsh sn ufdkƒ lcdHG[, jdEb JflA-nQje ˆhQ wfnjsofôDv zkAfyfsvv dwjfv rsh. sp ufdkƒ kfv mfstv pfjfk slWqf há jvsh sn ufdkv ubAƒ zfjfw rsk hxdó há jsv slWqf rsh. pdl zbAfbA iafBDjct bf Kfjk kfrst kfslv ubA zfslZ hxdó rk bf. sp ufdk zfïfr W k]fv vnCstv iadkwa¢dk HÌ jvsh sn ufdkv …isvƒ kfslv dhufkDq wÛ¢ltsj [mkfnDb jvf rsh; pfvf kfslv mfdtjfbf-HcÙÁ hù Lb-n©il dbsuslv jcd[ok jvsh. zfv sp ufdkv wfnjsofôD pk[B ipG§À bf zfïfrv djkfh (dhLfb) zbcpfqD slw wfnb jvsh kk[B ipG§À dkdb kfslv mfsU oxrä¦ä zh²¿fqD vfJshb.« (hfƒrfjD, ƒhsb mfufr 4019bQ, nrDr kfvoDh 759bQ)


313

rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn jkxGj hdBGk, zfïfrv vnCt � hstb, ªi]fydev iadkIt i]fyde.« duÎfnf jvf rt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! i]fydev iadkIt i]fyde dj dj?' dkdb htstb, ªsp ufdkƒ (zfïfrv) iadkwa¢dk HÌ jvsh snƒ ufdkv …isvƒ kfslv wÛ¢sj [mkfnDb jvf rsh. sp ufdkƒ zfïfrv zhkDBGjxk nQdhLfb YfVf zbA äfvf vfóº idvyftbf jvsh snƒ ufdkv mfsUƒ ldvûkf hAfij rsh. sp ufdkv mfsU zw½Dtkf (hAdHyfv) iajfw ifsh sn ufdkv mfsUƒ mxkcA hAfij rsh. sp ufdkƒ pfjfk slWqf há jvsh snƒ ufdkv ubAƒ hxdó há jsv slWqf rsh. sp ufdk l]fdV-mfvf wcv¢ jvsh sn ufdk Int sKsj hdÑk rsh ˆhQ lcdHGs[ zfÛÁf§À rsh.« (k¶fh}, nkf} 760bQ) htf hfùtA, hxdó iafKGbfv ubA kWhf W ƒd²ÀoIfv uv¢vD. mrfb zfïfr rpvk bCr �-ˆv jKf …sïJ jsv hstb,

)�/�&9� ��C+�אلو �@E.د��#��(�$�'�&��@E8C��א�א،و��#��L א�%3��.��ن�_�:��Nא،��]�?�@E8� ��و�א��:�k�4�[א�l'E*�(9��rJو��%��n �E8@��3>��א�,�@E8� �%��nو��(

zKGf{, zfdm kfslvsj httfm, skfmvf skfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbjse [mf iafKGbf (ƒd²ÀoIfv) jv. dkdb skf mrf [mfwDt. dkdb skfmfslv ubA iaycv idvmfsB hxdóifk jvshb. dkdb skfmfslvsj Lb-n©il W n§Àfb-n§Àdk äfvf nmxÝ jvshb. zfv skfmfslv ubA hfofb SkvD jsv slshb ˆhQ iahfdrk jsv slshb blD-bftf. (jc} 71/10-12) ˆjf§À dhbsqv nfsK, nfLfvB zfesiZsv hf jfsuv (icvfkb) jfiV isv, LDv W wf§ÀHfsh jfjcdk-dmbdkv nfsK njfst „lofsr shv rsq ˆƒ bfmfp iVsk rq. ˆƒ bfmfp „slv bfmfspv mkƒ zfpfb W ƒjfmk YfVf 2 vfjzfk. iaskAj vfjzfsk nwsè nCvf Ifdkrfv iv sp sjfb nCvf iVf pfq. bfmfspv zfso zKhf isv rsh Jckhf. Jckhfq ƒmfm nfsrh shwD shwD ƒd²ÀoIfv W lczf jvshb. mcÙÁflDoB sn lczfq `zfmDb' htsh. ˆƒ lczfq dhswN jsv ƒmfm (ˆhQ njst) Jch shwD rfk kctshb. mfKf hvfhv rfk kcst lczf jvshb. (zflf} 1168, ƒdr}, dm} 1504bQ) ˆmb dj yflv ofsq Kfjst kfsk hostv nflf zQw slJf pfsh. (hc} 1031, mc} 895bQ) hxdó iafKGbfv nmq …¬ef rfsk lczf jvf mc²Àfrfh. zKGf{, nfLfvB iafKGbfv jvfv nmq rfskv skstf hf dHkv dljef rsh zfjfswv dlsj ˆhQ hxdó iafKGbfv nmq rsh mfdev dlsj; zfv rfskv hfdrv dljef rsh zfjfswv dlsj. rpvk zfbfn hstb, `ˆjlf bhD � hxdó iafKGbf jvst dkdb k]fv rfskv disEv dljef zfjfswv dlsj kcst ƒdÌk jvstb.' (mc} 895-896bQ) ƒmfm ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr iamcJ …tfmfoB hstb, sjfb djYc yfWqf rq rfskv dHksvv zQw dlsqƒ, hfƒsvv zQw dlsq bq. zfnst zfïfrv bhD � rfk lcdesj mfKfv …isv Jch shwD …sÙftb jvst slsJ msb rsqdYt sp, dkdb rfskv hfƒsvv zQw zfjfswv


314

dlsj jsvdYstb. (zft-ƒbnfI 2/458, mcm} 5/283) zk}iv djhtfmcJ rsq yflv …¬efshb; zKGf{, yflsvv Ffb dljefsj hfm dlsj, hfm dljefsj Ffb dlsj jsv sbshb ˆhQ …iv dljef dbsyv dlsj W dbsyv dljef …iv dlsj jvshb. mcÙÁflDoBW zbcv™i jvsh. ˆviv njst icbvfq (ˆjfjD) lczf jsv hfdV dIvsh. yflv …¬efsbf ˆhQ lczfv nmq …¬ef rfk jvf zfnst ˆj iajfv jmGok lczf. zKGf{, sr mWtf! kcdm zfmfslv ˆƒ yflv W rfk …¬efsbfv mk zfmfslv hkGmfb lcvh²¿fW ifs¬e lfW. zfmfslv zbfhxdóv zh²¿fsj öfHfdhj zh²¿fq dIdvsq lfW. (bfb} 234ix}) iajfw Kfsj sp, ƒd²Ànjfv ubA sjfb dbdlGó dlb sbƒ. sp sjfb ˆjde dlb dEj jsv snƒ dlsb bfmfp iVf pfq. svfpf vfJf, ið sbWqf ƒkAfdlv jKfW rflDsn sbƒ. (mcm} 5/271-272) hxdó iafKGbfv däkDq iÝdk }hxdó iafKGbfv däkDq iÝdk }hxdó iafKGbfv däkDq iÝdk }hxdó iafKGbfv däkDq iÝdk } ucmzfv Jckhfq ƒmfm nfsrh rfk kcst lczf jvshb ˆhQ mcÙÁflDvfW rfk kcst `zfmDb-zfmDb' htsh. ˆjlf mrfbhD � ucmzfv Jckhf dld¤Ystb. ˆmb nmq ˆj mv¢hfnD (shlc„b) …sE l]fdVsq htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! mft-Lb L¶Qn rsq sot zfv idvhfv idvub (JfslAv zHfsh) [cLfkG sKsj sot. nckvfQ zfidb zfmfslv ubA zfïfrv jfsY lczf jv¢b.' kJb bhD � dbsuv lcƒ rfk kcst lczf jvstb ˆhQ stfsjvfW k]fv nfsK lczfv ubA rfk kctt. Ist ˆmb hxdó wcv¢ rt sp ivhkGD ucmzfsk …ÙÁ (hf zbA ˆj) hAdÙÁ icbvfq JfVf rsq htt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! Ov-hfdV sHsM sot ˆhQ mft-Lb Fcsh sot. nckvfQ zfidb zfmfslv ubA lczf jv¢b!' mrfbhD � kJb dbsuv rfk kcst icbvfq hxdó há rWqfv ubA lczf jvstb ˆhQ hxdóW sKsm sot. (hc} 932, 933, 1013, 1029, mc} 897bQ, bf}, zf} 3/256, 271) hxdó iafKGbfv kxkDhxdó iafKGbfv kxkDhxdó iafKGbfv kxkDhxdó iafKGbfv kxkDq iÝdk }q iÝdk }q iÝdk }q iÝdk } wcvfrhDt dhb dnmXk ˆjlf jf'h dhb mcvGfrsj zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv rflDn hBGbf jvsk htst dkdb htstb, ˆj hAdÙÁ zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv dbje ˆsn htt, `zfidb mcpfv (sofsÛv) ubA hxdó iafKGbf jv¢b.' dkdb htstb, ªkcdm skf shw lc}nfrdnj! (sjht) mcpfsvv ubA (hxdó)?« stfjde htt, `zfidb zfïfr zfppf zufïfv jfsY nfrfpA iafKGbf jsvsYb, dkdb zfibfsj nfrfpA jsvsYb. zfïfr zfppf zufïfv jfsY lczf jsvsYb, dkdb kf jhct jsvsYb.' ˆ jKf swfbfv iv mrfbhD � lcƒ rfk kcst hxdó iafKGbfv lczf jvstb ˆhQ ˆk hxdó rt sp, kf há jvfv ubA icbvfq dkdb lczf jvstb. (zf}, ƒmf} 1269bQ, hf}, ƒzfwf}, rf})


315

hxdó iafKGbfv ykcKG iÝdk }hxdó iafKGbfv ykcKG iÝdk }hxdó iafKGbfv ykcKG iÝdk }hxdó iafKGbfv ykcKG iÝdk } ƒmfm wf`hD jkGxj hdBGk, dkdb hstb, ˆjlf …mfv hxdó iafKGbf jvsk shv rsq sjht ƒd²ÀoIfv ([mf iafKGbf) jsv dIsv ˆstb. stfsjvf htt, `zfmvf skf zfibfsj hxdó yfƒsk slJtfm bf?' …Ùsv dkdb htstb, `zfdm snƒ b[sÛv mfsU hxdó iafKGbf jsvdY, pfsk hxdó rsq Kfsj. zk}iv dkdb ˆƒ zfqfk ifE jvstb,

�#��(�$�'�&��@E8C��א�א(L א�%3��.��ن�_�:��Nא،��]�?�@E8� ��و�א��:�k�4�[ )א zKGf{, skfmvf skfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbjse [mf iafKGbf (ƒd²ÀoIfv) jv. dkdb skf mrf [mfwDt. dkdb skfmfslv ubA iaycv idvmfsB hxdóifk jvshb. (jc} 71/10-11)

)��E8@�و�=�+EA;� �?��+EA�@E.د��Q��#��(�$�'�&��@E8C��א�אوL א�%[�� +�א?� �&��+�=�@��@E8� ��و�א��:�k�4�[א�+N �+�4�=�/�&C��n�Cא(

zKGf{, skfmvf skfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbjse [mf iafKGbf (ƒd²ÀoIfv) jv. zk}iv k]fv dlsj iakAfhkGb jv; dkdb skfmfslv ubA iaycv hxdó hNGB jvshb. dkdb skfmfslvsj zfsvf wdÙÁ dlsq wdÙÁ hxdÝ jvshb. zfv skfmvf zivfLD rsq mcJ dIdvsq dbW bf. (jc} 11/52) (ncbfbc nf„l dhb mfbnCv, zfvf}, hf}, ƒzfwf} 8343bQ)

hxdóhxdóhxdóhxdó----iafKGbfv jdkiq lczfiafKGbfv jdkiq lczfiafKGbfv jdkiq lczfiafKGbfv jdkiq lczf 1111---- ��C�%��:��E5אN��?�� ?��+�م�א ��/�،D ��C،�@�&��א� ��#��5��B�א �� #&�/�،א� ��#/�א �

�?��E5א�l�3��@�<W' א�،��C�%��,و�א��&�k א$�'�&��9ل��Q�3��،�)א��*E: א/��و��3f19�k א�l�3��،�l�3��N��?�� /�&�H �?�_�"� ��و+EA��9� �l �Q�3��.

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- zftrfmlc dtïf-dr vfdêt zf-tfmDb zfv vfrmf-dbv vfrDm, mf-dtdj qAf…dmÜDb, tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù qAfIzftc mf qcAvDl, zfïf-ù©mf zf§Àfïf-ù tf ƒtf-rf ƒïf zf§ÀX, zf§Àft ofdbƒqcA zbfrbct Icj¶fvf-', zfbdpt zftfƒbft ofƒnf zuXzft mf zfbpftkf tfbf j¶c…Wqfkf]… z hftf-ofb ƒtf-rDb. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- nm²À iawQnf snƒ zfïfrv dbdmsÙ. dpdb dhw¶ufrfsbv iadkiftj. dpdb znDm jv¢Bfmq, lqfhfb. dhyfv dlhsnv zdLidk. zfïfr YfVf sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ, dkdb pf ƒ¤Yf kfƒ jsvb. sr zfïfr! kcdmƒ zfïfr! kcdm YfVf sjfb nkA zfvfLA sbƒ. kcdmƒ zHfhmcÙÁ ˆhQ zfmvf zHfhoa²À. zfmfslv …iv hxdó hNGB jv ˆhQ pf hNGB jsvY kf zfmfslv ubA dbdlGó nmqjft ipG§À wdÙÁ W psKókfv jfvB hfbfW. (zflf} 1173bQ)

2222---- %,R��&�_",��$��a��&�_��(��3��C��C�x�&kfC�x�&�_��9�א]�*@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mfndj¶bf ofƒNfm mcoDNfm mfvDzfm mfvDzf'b bf-dIzfb ofƒvf p¶f-dvGb zf'-dutfb ofƒvf zf-dut.


316

zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfïfr sof! zfmfslvsj hxdó lfb jv, iasqfub iCBGjfvD n¶f¤Y¦lA W …hGvkf zfbqbjfvD, tfHlfqj W drkjv, ˆhQ dhtsì bq zdhtsì hNGBwDt hxdó. (zflf} 1169bQ)

3333---- W' א��9،�x_��@�<W' א��9،�x_��@�<W' ��9א��x_��@�<.

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- zfïf-ù©mf zfdoNbf, zfïf-ù©mf zfdoNbf, zfïf-ù©mf zfdoNbf. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! zfmfslv ubA ifdb hNGB jv. (hc}, mc} 897bQ)

4444---- �l�&�# א��'� #��Dو�א��3��D�4�#و��1p��<� ��د��و�$�e�[א�@�<W' א�.

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mfndj¶ ƒhf-lfjf zhfrf-ƒmfjf zbwcv vfrmfkfjf zzfrdq hftflfjft mfƒdqAk. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- sr zfïfr! skfmfv hf¦lfslv W iafBDslv …iv ifdb hNGB jv ˆhQ skfmfv vrmk YdVsq lfW. zfv skfmfv mxk slwsj uDdhk jv. (zflf} 1176bQ) (4)

zzddkkhhxxddóó rrsstt

�א ��nא� '>�@l ��9�Cو�w��و� �Ej+�ن�א��و�دBא��c��$�'�;א{.��م�و�א @�<W' א��9،�&�'�$��.��+�א �&��9و�

…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}…¤yfvB}---- zfïf-ù©mf rfWqf-tfƒbf ztf zftfƒbf, zfïf-ù©mf zftft zf-jfdm zpXdpvf-dh zhckCdbt zf…dlqfdk zmfbf-dhdkw wfufv. zKG}zKG}zKG}zKG}---- sr zfïfr! zfmfslv zfsw-ifsw hNGfW, zfmfslv …isv bq. sr zfïfr! ifrfV, detf, …ikAjf ˆhQ hx[fdlv …lXok rWqfv ²¿fsb hNGfW. (hc}, mc} 897bQ) ufbfpfv bfmfp n©isjG stJj jkGxj iaBDk `ufbfpf liGB' ûóhA.

jjjcc cvvvzzzfffbbb dddkkktttfffzzzssskkkvvv dddnnnuuulllfffrrr

jcvzfb mfuDslv dnulfv zfqfk dktfzk jvst zKhf ðbst kjhDv dlsq ˆjde dnulfr jvf ˆhQ kjhDv dlsq mfKf skftf mc²Àfrfh. ˆƒ dnulfv iv sjfb kfwfrùl hf nftfm sbƒ. kjhDsvv hAfifsv mcndtm dhb qAfnfv, zfhC djtfhfr W ƒhsb nDvDb jkGxj zfNfv hdBGk rsqsY. (ƒzfwf}, zfvf}, hf}, kfdm} 269ix}) ˆƒ dnulfr jvfv hV IpDtk W mfrfk¹A vsqsY. mrfbhD � hstb, ªzflm n§Àfb pJb dnulfv zfqfk ifE jsv dnulfr jsv, kJb wqkfb lCsv nsv dosq sj]sl sj]sl

(4 ) iajfw Kfsj sp, hxdó-iafKGbfv ubA hAfsMv dhsq slWqf, sofhv-jflf hf vM dYefdYde jsv sJt sJtf, jfsvf ycstf sHsÌ slWqf ƒkAfdl iaKf dwjGD kKf dhufkDq iaKf.


317

hst, `rfq L¶Qn zfmfv! W dnulfr jvsk zfslw sisq dnulfr jsv, Ist Wv ubA vsqsY ufâfk. zfv zfdm dnulfv zfslw sisq kf zmfbA jsvdY, Ist zfmfv ubA vsqsY ufrfâfm.« (zf}, mc} 895bQ, ƒmf}) dktfzskv dnulf jcvzfb sktfzkjfvD W swafkfv ubA ncâk. ˆjlf rpvk …mfv ucmzfv dlb dmìsvv …isv nCvf bfrt ifE jvstb. dnulfv zfqfk ˆst dkdb dmìv sKsj sbsm dnulfr jvstb ˆhQ stfsjvfW k]fv nfsK dnulfr jvt. zk}iv ivhkGD ucmzfskW dkdb ‰ nCvf ifE jvstb. pJb dnulfv zfqfk ˆt, kJb dkdb htstb, `sr stfj njt! zfmvf (dktfzskv dnulfr jvsk) zfdló bƒ. nckvfQ sp dnulfr jvsh, sn dEj jvsh. zfv sp jvsh bf, kfv sjfb sofbfr rsh bf.' zbA ˆj hBGbfq dkdb hstb, `zfïfr zfmfslv …iv (dktfzskv) dnulfr Ivp jsvb db. zfmvf yfƒst kf jvsk ifdv.' (hc} 1077bQ) pfql dhb nfshk hstb, `zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv jfsY nCvf bfuXm ifE jvtfm. dkdb dnulfr jvstb bf.' (hc} 1073, mc}, dm} 1026bQ)

dddnnnuuulllfffvvv ²²²¿¿ ¿ fffbbbnnnmmmCC Crrr

jcvzfb mfuDsl smfe 15 ufqofq dnulfr jvf ncâk. kf pKfÛÁsm dbmv™i}- 1. nCvf zf'vfI 206 bQ zfqfk. 2. nCvf vf'l 15bQ zfqfk. 3. nCvf bfrt 50bQ zfqfk. 4. nCvf ƒnvf' (hfbD ƒnvf„t) 109bQ zfqfk. 5. nCvf mfvqAfm 58bQ zfqfk. 6. nCvf rfÏ 18bQ zfqfk. 7. nCvf rfÏ 77bQ zfqfk. 8. nCvf Icvj¶fb 60bQ zfqfk. 9. nCvf bfmXt 26bQ zfqfk.

10. nCvf nfulfr 15bQ zfqfk. 11. nCvf n¶f-l 24bQ zfqfk. 12. nCvf IcnXdn¶tfk (rf-dmm nfulfr) 38bQ zfqfk. 13. nCvf bfuXm 62bQ zfqfk. 14. nCvf ƒbdwj¶fj¶ 21bQ zfqfk. 15. nCvf zftfj¶ 19bQ zfqfk.

dddnnnuuulllfffvvv uuubbbAAA WWWpppCC C uuuvvv¢¢¢vvvDDD dddjjj???


318

dktfzskv dnulfv ubA WpC wkG bq. wvmofr Tfjf Kfjst sjhtfmcsJ ˆƒ dnulfr jvf pfq. spsrkc WpC wkG rWqfv hAfifsv sjfb nrDr hBGbf ifWqf pfq bf. (bfzf}, mcm} 4/126, dInc} zfvhD 1/196)

dddkkktttfffzzzssskkkvvv dddnnnuuulllfffvvv lllcc czzzfff

1111---- �=�+EAو�� +�� S��>� �]�#��و�e�hو��*�'�O�y6N'.]��nو�,�>�;�

…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB…¤yfvB---- nfuflf zudrqf dtïfpD Jftfj¶fù zwfj¶Xj¶f nfmzfù zhfn¶fvfù dhrf…dtrD zj¶c…Wqfdkr. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- zfmfv mcJmàt k]fv ubA dnulfhbk rt dpdb Wsj nxdó jsvsYb ˆhQ n¶Dq wdÙÁ W [mkfq Wv y[c W jBGsj …lXok jsvsYb. (zflf}, n}dk}474bQ, zfrml 6/30) zfhC lf…slv hBGbfq zfsY, ˆƒ lczf dnulfq ˆjfdLjhfv ifE jvsk rq. 2222---- ��<'��*�=��9ذ��Oא،و$�1>��و�ز��א،و�א,��'>�� 1�9�$�U�a��9��,��א،و$��< �1�א.��4 @�<W' א�

��د�אو�و�د��$�/C��<�4'��*�=��#�.�1�9C.

…¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB} …¤yfvB}---- zfïfù©mfjkch tD dhrf ƒ¦lfjf zfuvf, zp¶f' zfâD dhrf dhpvf, zuXzftrf tD ƒ¦lfjf pcJvf, zkfj¶fêftrf dmâD jfmf kfj¶fêftkfrf dmb zfhdljf lf†l. zKGzKGzKGzKG---- sr zfïfr! ˆv (dnulfv) dhdbmsq skfmfv dbje zfmfv ubA icBA dtdihÝ jv, ifi smfyb jv, skfmfv dbje ˆ zfmfv ubA umf vfJ ˆhQ ˆ zfmfv dbje rsk oarB jv spmb kcdm skfmfv hf¦lf lf†l (zf}) sKsj oarB jsvY. (n} dk} 87bQ, rfsjm1/219, ƒhsb mfufr 1053bQ)

bbbfffmmmfffssspppvvv dddHHHkkksssvvv dddkkktttfffzzzssskkkvvv dddnnnuuulllfffrrr

ˆjfjD hf ƒmfm njstv ubA bfmfsp dnulfv zfqfk sktfzk jvf ShL ˆhQ njstv ubA dnulfr jvf ncâk. zhwA dnvGD bfmfsp ƒmfsmv ubA dnulfv zfqfk dktfWqfk jsv dnulf bf jvfƒ …Ùm. (kfdm} 1/270ix}) jfvB, ˆsk mcÙÁflDslv mfsU softmft nxdó rq. (Iƒ} 1/329, mh} 5/300) mcÙÁflDv ubA ƒmfsmv ƒdÙÁlfq ‰ dnulfr jvf uv¢vD. spmb, dnulfv zfqfk dktfzk jvsk ðbstW pdl ƒmfm dnulfr bf jsvb, kfrst mcÙÁflD dnulfr jvsk ifsv bf. iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆjƒ nsÌ jsqjde dnulfv zfqfk iVst nhswsN ˆjde dnulfƒ psKó. spmb drIXp jvfv nmq dnulfv zfqfk hfvhfv iVstW nhswsN ˆjde dnulfr jsv sbWqf psKó.


319

dnulfv zfqfk ifE hf wahB jvfv iv dnulfr jvfv ncspfo bf rst nfmfbA [B isv dnulfr jfpf jsv sbWqf pfq. slvD tìf rsq sost jfpf jvf pfsh bf. (dInc} zfvhD 1/198) iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆƒ dnulfv iv rfk kcst mcbfufk jvf dhlzfk. (mcdh} 280ix})

ðððjjjXX Xsssvvvvvv dddnnnuuulllfffrrr

mrfb iadkiftj zfïfr zfmfslvsj jk sbqfmk lfb jsvsYb, kf Èsb swN jvf pfq bf. ˆƒ njt sbqfmskv ðjXv zflfq jvf hf¦lfv ubA Ivp. ðjXv zflfsqv dbqm rt, iaKmk} z§Àsv ˆƒ öDjfv jvf sp, ˆƒ sbqfmk zfïfrv kvI sKsj zfok. däkDqk} mcsJ kfv ðjXv zflfq jvf. kxkDqk} jfsuW ðjXv iajfw jvf. zKGf{, snƒ sbqfmk k]fvƒ n§Âdóv isK Jvy jvf. zbAKf bfðjXvD hf jxkO´kf rsh. rEf{ sjfb ncnQhfl, ncsJv Jhv hf n©il tfsHv Jhv sist zKhf hV dhil lCv rWqfv nQhfl ðbst mrfb zfïfrv lvhfsv jxkÎkf Îfisbv …sÜswA ðjXvfbfv (ˆjde) dnulfr mc²Àfrfh. mrfbhD � sjfb zfb¦llfqj nQhfl ðbst zKhf ðH nQhfl sist zfïfr kfzftfsj ðjdvqf ufbfsbfv ubA dnulfq idkk rskb. (zflf}, dk}, dm} 1494bQ) rpvk zftD pJb mrfbhD �-sj rfmfpfb sofsÛv stfsjslv ƒntfsm lDd[k rWqfv jKf dtJstb, kJb dkdb dnulfr jvstb ˆhQ …sE htstb, ªrfmfpfsbv …iv nftfm, rfmfpfsbv …iv nftfm.« (hf}) zfècv vrmfb dhb zfWI hstb, ˆjlf zfïfrv vnCt � shv rsq ˆj sJucv hfofsb iashw jsv dnulfq sostb. dkdb ˆk tìf nmq Lsv dnulfq Kfjstb sp, zfdm zfwËf jvtfm, rqskf hf zfïfr k]fv iafB rvB jsv dbsqsYb. zfdm dbjse …id²¿k rsq slJsk sotfm. dkdb mfKf kcst htstb, ªzfècv vrmfb! dj hAfifv skfmfv?« zfdm Oebf Jcst htst dkdb htstb, ªduhvDt � zfmfsj htstb, zfdm dj zfibfsj ncnQhfl slh bf? zfïfr zfpXpf ufïX zfibfsj hstb, `sp hAdÙÁ skfmfv iadk lv™l iVsh, zfdm kfv iadk vrmk hNGB jvh. zfv sp hAdÙÁ skfmfv iadk nftfm ufbfsh, zfdm kfsj wfd§À lfb jvh.' ˆ Jhv ðsb zfdm zfïfr zfpXpf zufïfv dbje ðjdvqf Îfisbv …sÜswA dnulfr jvtfm.« (zf}, rf}) kWhf jhct rWqfv ncnQhfl ˆst jf'h dhb mfstj dnulfr jsvdYstb. (hc}) ðjvfbfv dnulfv ubA WpC uv¢vD bq. uv¢vD bq kjhDvW.

nnnùùù dddnnnuuulllfffrrr


320

nù dnulf hf dnulf-ˆ nfrXW (Hcstv dnulfr) Ivp hf bIt bfmfsp Hct jsv sjfb Wqfsuh zQw kAfo jvst ‰ Hcstv sJnfvk öv™i ˆhQ Hct zfbqbjfvD wqkfsbv iadk yfhcj öv™i lcde dnulfr jvsk rq. Hct zbcifsk dnulfv zfso hf isv rflDsn hdBGk dbqmfbcnfsv dnulfr jvf uv¢vD.

bfmfp jm isV nftfm dIsv dlst }bfmfp jm isV nftfm dIsv dlst }bfmfp jm isV nftfm dIsv dlst }bfmfp jm isV nftfm dIsv dlst } Hcthwk} 1 hf 2 vfjzfk bfmfp jm isV nftfm dIsv Kfjst pdl z¬i (5/7 dmdbe) nmsqv msLA msb isV, kfrst (mfsU jKf hst KfjstW) bfmfpD hfjD bfmfp n©iâ jsv nftfm dIvfv iv kjhDv W knhDr nr lcde dnulfr jsv icbvfq nftfm dIvsh. ˆ hAfifsv pct-qAflfƒsbv rflDn iadnÝ. ˆjlf mrfbhD � spfrv djQhf zfnsvv bfmfp Hct jsv 2 vfjzfk isV nftfm dIsv …sE zbA ufqofq hnstb. stfsjvf Hfht, bfmfp nQd[å rsq sosY. zfhC hfjXv, …mfv sj…ƒ Hsq k]fv nfsK jKf htstb bf. zhswsN pct-qAflfƒb htstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfidb dj Hcst sosYb, bfdj bfmfp jm rsq sot?' dkdb htstb, ªzfdm HcdtW db, bfmfp jmW rq db.« zk}iv njstv …sÜswA htstb, ªpct-qAflfƒb pf htsY kf dj dEj?« njst htt, `uD r]Af.' nckvfQ dkdb zoanv rsq hfjD bfmfp iCvB jsv nftfm dIvstb. zk}iv kjhDv dlsq zbcv™i zKhf kfv sysq tìf dnulf dlstb. kfviv zfhfv kjhDv dlsq mfKf kctstb. icbvfq kjhDv dlsq zbcv™i zKhf kfv sysq tìf zfsvf ˆjde dnulfr jvstb. kfviv zfhfv kjhDv dlsq mfKf kcst nftfm dIvstb. (hc}, mc}, dm} 1017bQ) zhwA lDOG nmsqv iv msb iVst bCkb jsv icsvf bfmfpefƒ icbvfq dIdvsq iVsk rsh. bfmfspv sjfb v¢jXb (spmb djqfm, v¢jC, dnulfr iaHxdk) Hcst kAfo jvst bfmfpƒ rsh bf. sp vfjzfskv v¢jXb kAÙÁ rsh, sn vfjzfk hfdkt oBA rsh. ‰ Hct bfmfspv msLA iaKm vfjzfskv v¢jXb sYsV däkDq vfjzfsk msb iVst, däkDqsj iaKm vfjzfk oBA jsv hfjD bfmfp n©iâ jvsh bfmfpD. zk}iv nftfm dIvfv iv lcƒ dnulf jsv icbvfq nftfm dIvsh. (mh} 27/39) i[f§Àsv bfmfspv nftfm dIvfv iv msb iVst ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp isV ‰v™i dnulfr jvsh.

bfmfp shwD iVst }bfmfp shwD iVst }bfmfp shwD iVst }bfmfp shwD iVst } bfmfsp Hcthwk} 1 vfjzfk hf 1de dnulfr hf ShEj zdkdvÙÁ rsq sost nftfm dIvfv iv 2de nù dnulf jsv icbvfq nftfm dIvsh bfmfpD. ˆjlf mrfbhD � 5 vfjzfk bfmfp isV nftfm dIvstb. stfsjvf duÎfnf jvt, bfmfp dj hfdVsq slWqf rsqsY? dkdb htstb, ªhAfifv dj?« stfsjvf htt, `zfidb 5 vfjzfk bfmfp iVstb.' ˆ jKf ðsb dkdb lcde dnulfr jvstb. (zk}iv nftfm


321

dIvstb.) (hc}, mc}, nczf}, dm} 1016bQ)

vfjzfsk ns¦lr rst }vfjzfsk ns¦lr rst }vfjzfsk ns¦lr rst }vfjzfsk ns¦lr rst } bfmfp iVsk iVsk jq vfjzfk rt -ˆƒ ns¦lr rst spdlsjv ndEjkfv LfvBf zdLj iaht rsh, kfv …iv dHdÙ jsv bfmfp swN jsv nftfm dIvfv iv 2de dnulfr jsv icbvfq nftfm dIvsh. pdl lcƒ dlsjv msLA sjfb dlsjvƒ ndEjkfv LfvBf iaht bf rq, kfrst lxP iakAsqv …iv zfmt jvsh bfmfpD. zKGf{, jm nQJAfv …iv dHdÙ jvst bfmfp zn©iCBG rWqfv zfwQjf Kfjsh bf. nckvfQ snƒ iakAsqv nfsK hfjD bfmfp n©iâ jsv nftfm dIvfv iCshG lcde dnulf-ˆ nfrXW jsv nftfm dIvsh. mrfbhD � hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv sj… bfmfsp ns¦lr jsv ˆhQ hcUsk ifsv bf sp, sn jq vfjzfk isVsY; 4 vfjzfk, bf 3 vfjzfk? kJb kfv …dyk, ns¦lr lCv jsv dlsq pf ˆjDb (lxP iakAq) rq kfv …iv dHdÙ jvf. zk}iv nftfm dIvfv iCshG lcde dnulfr jvf. ˆsk sn pdl 5 vfjzfk isV Kfsj kfrst ‰ dnulfr dmst kfv bfmfp sufV rsq pfsh. zbAKf pdl iCBG 4 vfjzfk isV Kfsj, kfrst ‰ dnulfr wqkfsbv ubA tfÒbfjv rsh.« (zf}, mc}, dm} 1015bQ)

iaKm kfwfrùl kAfo jvst }iaKm kfwfrùl kAfo jvst }iaKm kfwfrùl kAfo jvst }iaKm kfwfrùl kAfo jvst } bfmfpD bfmfspv iaKm kfwfrùslv ShEsj hnsk Hcst sost pdl zsLGj …sE JfVf bf rsq pfq, (r]fecäq mfde kAfo bf jsv) kfrst msb iVst icbvfq hsn `zfkX-kfdrqAfk' isV sbsh. zfv ˆsk nfrXW dnulfv iasqfub sbƒ. zsLGsjv shwD …sE JfVf rsq sost ˆhQ n©iCBG JfVf bf rsq msb iVst icbvfq hsn `zfkX-kfdrqAfk' isV sbsh ˆhQ swsN nù dnulfr jvsh. dj§Â pdl n©iCBG JfVf rsq pfq, kfrst zfv icbvfq bf hsn hfjD bfmfp iCBG jsv nftfm dIvfv iCshG lcƒ dnulf jsv nftfm dIvsh. zShL ufbfv isvW n©iCBG JfVf rWqfv iv icbvfq hsn kfwfrùl iVst bfmfp hfdkt bq. dj§Â dj¶vfzfk ðv¢ jvfv iv hnst bfmfp hfdkt oBA rsh. (mcm} 3/511-513) ˆjlf mrfbhD � bfmfsp iaKm ShEsj bf hsn …sE isVb. stfsjvf knhDr htstW dkdb bf hsn bfmfp swsN lcƒ dnulfr jsv nftfm dIsvb. (hc}, mc}, nczf}, dm} 1018bQ) dkdb hstb, ªƒmfm Hcst dosq (kfwfrùl bf isV) n©iCBG JfVf rsq sost kfsj 2de nù dnulfr jvsk rsh. zhwA n©iCBG JfVf bf rst nù dnulfr jvsk rsh bf.« (k¶fh} nuf} 623bQ) iajfw sp, 4 vfjzfk isV 5 vfjzfskv ubA Hcst …sE n©iCBG JfVf rsq sostW ±mvB rWqf hf jvfsbfv nfsK nfsK bfmfpD hsn pfsh. dj§Â iaKm ShEsjv ubA ±mvB rWqf hf jvfsbfv isvW hnsh bf.


322

nù dnulfv zfbcNdÌj mfnfsqt }nù dnulfv zfbcNdÌj mfnfsqt }nù dnulfv zfbcNdÌj mfnfsqt }nù dnulfv zfbcNdÌj mfnfsqt } Hcthwk} sp sjfbW Wqfsuh (spmb v¢jC hf dnulfv knhDr ƒkAfdl mCstƒ) kAfo jvst ‰ ˆjƒ dbqsm dnulfr jvsk rsh. ƒmfm nù dnulfr jvst mcÙÁflD Hct bf jvstW k]fv zbcnvsB k]fv nfsK dnulfr jvsk hfLA. ƒmfsmv iÇyfsk mcÙÁflD Hct jvst pdl sn iaKm vfjzfk sKsjƒ ƒmfsmv nfsK Kfsj, kfrst kfsj ixKjHfsh dnulfr jvsk rsh bf. jfvB, kfv ˆ Hct ƒmfm hrb jsv sbsh. zhwA mnhCj (ufmfzfsk didYsq iVf mcÙÁflD) rst, ƒmfsmv nftfm dIvfv iv kfv hfjD bfmfp zflfq jvsk …Est swsN Hct zbcnfsv pKfdbqsm dnulfr jvsh. dj§Â pdl ƒmfm nftfm dIvfv iv dnulfr jsvb, kfrst k]fv nfsK mnhCsjv nù dnulfr jvf n©Hh bq. jfvB sn nftfm dIvsk ifsh bf. kfƒ sn …sE hfjD bfmfp zflfq jsv swsN pKfdbqsm ˆjfjD dnulfr jsv sbsh. zhwA sn pdl ƒmfsmv Hcstv iv ufmfzfsk wfdmt rsq Kfsj, kfrst sn s[sÛ kfsj dnulfr jvsk rsh bf. ƒmfm Hct jsv ˆj vfjzfk bfmfp shwD iVst ˆj vfjzfk Ycse sosY ˆmb mnhCj (disY isV pfWqf) bfmfpD snƒ vfjzfk oBA jvsk ifsv bf. sn vfjzfk spsrkc ƒmfsmv hfdkt, snsrkc kfvW hfdkt. kfsj dbqm mk …sE hfjD ˆj vfjzfk jfpf iVsk rsh. (Iƒ} 1/309) nkjGkfv dhNq sp, Hct jsv bfmfspv sjfb v¢jXb Ycse sost bfmfpƒ rq bf. sjfb Wqfsuh Ycse sost dnulf-ˆ nfrXW äfvf iCvB rsq pfq ˆhQ sjfb ncâk Ycse sost bfmfspv sjfb [dk rq bf kKf nù dnulfvW iasqfub rq bf. dj¶vfzfk jvsk jvsk Hcst sost zKhf jfdwsk Lvst pdl idvmfB mk iVf rsq Kfsj, kfrst ƒmfm kJbƒ v¢jCsk yst pfshb. zhwA dj¶vfzfk sYfe msb rst zbA nCvfW iVsk ifsvb. zfesj pfWqfv iv nCvf ƒJtfn isVW v¢jC spsk ifsvb. zhwA dj¶vfzfk Hct iVst swsN ‰ nCvf iVsk rq -ˆ jKf msb jvf dEj bq.

jjjdddkkkiiiqqq dddhhhlllzzzfffkkkDDD bbbfffmmmfffppp ˆ jKf iaKsmƒ …sïJ jvf rsqsY sp, sp sjfb ƒhflk jhct rWqfv mCt dHdÙ rt kWrDl. zfv kf ðÝ rWqfv smZdtj wkG rt 2de; ƒJtfn W mcrf©mflD kvDjf. nckvfQ sp bfmfp mcrf©mflD kvDjfq sbƒ, kfsk iCBG ƒJtfn KfjstW kf dhlzfk. mrfbhD � hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfmfslv ˆ (äDb) hAfifsv bkcb djYc …ßfhb jvsh pf kfv ipGfqHcÙÁ bq, kf iakAfJAfk.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 140bQ) ªsp hAdÙÁ ˆmb zfmt jsv, pfsk zfmfslv sjfb dbslGw� sbƒ, kf iakAfJAfk.« (mc} 1718bQ) ªzfv bhvdyk jmGnmCr sKsj lCsv sKsjf. jfvB, bhvdyk jmG rt dhlzfk ˆhQ iaskAj dhlzfkƒ ëókf.« (zf}, zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}, dm}165bQ) ªzfv iaskAj ëókfƒ rt ufrfâfsm.« (nbf}


323

1487bQ) nfLfvB bIt bfmfp dbdNÝ nmq YfVf sp sjfb nmsq ƒ¤Yfmk nQJAfq iVf pfq. dj§Â snƒ nfLfvB bfmfpsj dbsuv kvI sKsj nmq, nQJAf, iÝdk, ²¿fb, ÈB (IpDtk) hf jfvB äfvf dbdlGó jvst kf dhlzfk hst idvodBk rq. sp bfmfspv jKf sjht pqDI hf lchGt rflDsn hdBGk rsqsY ˆhQ sjfb rfnfb hf nrDr rflDsn kfv hBGbf sbƒ, sn bfmfp dhlzfk. …isvfÙÁ ieHCdmjfq dbsm´ ˆmb jdkiq bfmfspv jKf zfstfybf jvh, pf dhlzfk. zfv kf sjht ufbfv ubAƒ; pfsk sj… zufs§À snƒ dhlzfk bf jsv hsn.

mmmfff---hhhfffsssiiivvv uuubbbAAA bbbfffmmmfffppp iaskAj Ivp bfmfspv iv ncâfsk mczfÄflfr isV hsn hsn 2 vfjzfk bIt. mf-hfsiv …sÜswA ˆmb bfmfp dhlzfk. (mcdh} 345ix})

„„„ssslllvvv vvvfffssskkkvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp …Hq „slv vfsk dhswN bfmfp (puf} 5358, 5361) ˆhQ ˆƒ vfdÛ suso ƒhflk dhlzfk. (mcdh} 332ix}) „lct dIksvv vfskv 100 vfjzfk ˆhQ „lct zfprfv vfskv 2 vfjzfk bfmfpW dhlzfk. (‰ 344ix}) sp rflDsn htf rsqsY sp, ªsp hAdÙÁ „lct dIkv W zfprfv vfdÛ ufovB (ƒhflk) jvsh, kfv r™lq sndlb mfvf pfsh bf, spdlb nm²À r™lq mfvf pfsh.« (k¶fh}) sn rflDnde uft W oVf rflDn. (dnp} 520, puf} 5361bQ û})

jjjfffpppfff ………mmmvvvDDD ˆƒ ic²Àsjv iaKm Jsàv 181 ixôfq …sïJ jvf rsqsY sp, jfpf …mvD hf …mvD jfpf bfmfspv zd²Àk¶ wvDqsk sbƒ. dhLfq kf dhlzfk. dhlzfkDvf hst, pdl sjfb stfsjv hù nmsqv bfmfp jfpf rsq Kfsj ˆhQ sn kfv nQJAf ufsb bf, ksh sn ucmzfv dlb Ivp bfmfspv iCshG 4 vfjzfk bIt bfmfp ˆj nftfsm zflfq jvsh. ˆƒ bfmfsp iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf Ifdkrfv iv zfqfkct jcvnD 7 hfv ˆhQ nCvf jfWnfv 15 hfv iVsh. ˆƒ bfmfp iVst bfmfpD W kfv dikf-mfkfv (?) znQJA jfpf bfmfp bfdj zfïfr mfI jsv dlshb!

nnn¶¶ ¶ ffftttfffkkkcc cttt zzzfffWWWqqqfffhhhDDDbbb zfWqfhDsbv bfmfp zfnst yfsñv bfmfspv ziv bfm. mrfbhD � hstb, ªyfsñv bfmfp rt zfWqfhDsbv bfmfp.« (nuf} 3827bQ) zfv ˆ rflDn ˆ jKfvƒ ltDt sp,


324

mfosvshv iv …ÙÁ bfsmv bfmfpde dHdÙrDb W dhlzfk. spmb ˆƒ bfmfspv sJqftD …ijfv hBGbfq htf rsq Kfsj sp, nxdóuo{ ‰ bfmfpDv zbcok rsq pfq ˆhQ 12 hYsvv jhct rWqf ƒhflskv nWqfh dtJf rq. sp rflDsn mfosvh W ˆwfv mLAhkGD nmsqv bfmfpsj zfWqfhDsbv bfmfp htf rsqsY, kf nrDr bq; pqDI. (dnp} 4617, puf} 5676bQ) dkvdmpD W ƒhsb mfufsk sp 6 vfjzfk bfmfp mfosvshv iv iVst 12 hYv ƒhflskv nmfb rWqfv jKf htf rsqsY kf nrDr bq. hvQ kf Jchƒ lchGt rflDn. (pdk} 66, dnpf} 469, puf} 5661bQ) spmb 50 hYsvv sofbfr mfI rWqfv rflDnW lchGt. (dnp} 468, puf} 5665bQ) klbcv™i ˆƒ nmsq 20 vfjzfk bfmfsp shsrsñ ˆjde oxr tfsHv rflDndeW uft W mboVf. (dnp} 467, puf} 5662bQ) zhwA nfLfvBHfsh bIt bfmfp spmb dbdNÝ nmq YfVf sp sjfb nmsq iVf pfq, skmdb mfosvh W ˆwfv mLAhkGD nmsq nfLfvB bIt zdbdlGóHfsh iVf pfq. mrfbhD � ˆƒ nmsq bIt bfmfp iVskb hst iamfB ifWqf pfq. (nuf} 4962bQ)

ˆrrrdddkkkqqqfffkkkDDD ssspppfffrrrvvv ucmzfv bfmfspv iv zsbsj spfrsvv dbqsk 4 vfjzfk bfmfp isV Kfsj. pf dHdÙrDb, mboVf W dhlzfk. (zfbf} 74ix}, mcdh} 120, 327ix})

nnn¶¶ ¶ ffftttfffkkkcc cttt dddrrrIIIXX Xppp jcvzfb drIXp nru rWqfv …sÜswA ucmzfv vfsk 4 vfjzfk ˆƒ bfmfp iVf rq. ˆv iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf Ifdkrfv iv nCvf ƒqfnDb, däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf Ifdkrfv iv nCvf lcJfb, kxkDq vfjzfsk Ifdkrfv iv nCvf nfulfr ˆhQ ykcKG vfjzfsk Ifdkrfv iv nCvf mctXj iVf rq. zfv ˆv swsN tìf lczf jvf rq. ˆ zfmstv ubA sp rflDn hBGbf jvf rq kf uft W oVf rflDn. (pdk} 719, dnp} 3374bQ) dhLfq kf dhlzfk. (mcdh} 339ix})

mmmxx xssskkkvvv uuubbbAAA „„„nnnfffsssttt nnnWWWqqqfffssshhhvvv bbbfffmmmfffppp mxkhAdÙÁv jtAfsBv ubA nWqfh si]ZYhfv …sÜswA bfmfp iVf ˆhQ kfv nWqfh kfv bfsm hJsw slWqf dhlzfk. (mcdh} 340ix})

mmmbbboooVVVfff iiiaa a fffkkkAAAdddrrrjjj bbbfffmmmfffppp WWW kkkfffvvv sssJJJqqqffftttDDD nnnWWWqqqfffhhh ðÛÁhfv }ðÛÁhfv }ðÛÁhfv }ðÛÁhfv } � ðÛÁhfsv spfrv W zfnsvv mLAhkDG nmsq (?) 2 vfjzfk; iaKm vfjzfsk


325

zfqfkct jcvnD 1 hfv W nCvf Iftfj¶ 25 hfv ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 1 hfv ˆhQ nCvf Iftfj¶ 20 hfv iVf. � IpDtk} mvfv iCshG ösi zfïfrv W shsrsñ dbsuv ufqofv lwGb tfH! � ˆƒ dlsb mfosvh W ˆwfv mLAhkGD nmsq 12 vfjzfk bfmfp. � IpDtk} shsrsñ mrt tfH, nmoa mcndtm ufdkv kvI sKsj nljfr slWqfv nWqfh tfH ˆhQ ifi bfw rsh. � ˆƒ dlsb yfsñv nmq dbdlGó nCvfv nfsK 4 zKhf 10 vfjzfk bfmfp iVf. (mcdh} 341ix}) � IpDtk} bhDv ncifdvsw shsrñX tfH, mf-hfsivW sofbfr mfI! � mrfbhD �-sj slJfv …sÜswA zsbsj ucmzfv vfsk 2 vfjzfk bfmfp isV. iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 25 hfv, nftfsmv iv bhDv iadk lv™l 1000 hfv. (mcdh} 343ix}) wdbhfv }wdbhfv }wdbhfv }wdbhfv } � wdbhfsvv sp sjfb nmsq 4 vfjzfk ˆj nftfsm; iaskAj vfjzfsk 3 hfv nCvf jfdIv™b ˆhQ bfmfp swsN 1 hfv zfqfkct jcvnD. � IpDtk} 1 hYsvv svfpf W vfskv ƒhflskv ˆhQ wrDslv nWqfh tfH, iaskAj rvsIv hlst ˆj rÏ W Wmvfv nWqfh tfH, djqfmsk bhD W wrDlfsbv nfsK zfvswv Yfqf tfH!!! � wdbhfv dlbok vfskv 20 vfjzfk bfmfp; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 50 hfv, ncvf Iftfj¶ ˆjhfv ˆhQ nCvf bfn ˆjhfv. kfviv bfbfb lczf 100 hfv. � IpDtk} ixdKhDv njt mfbcsNv nQJAfv nmfb (iafq 600 sjfde) nWqfh tfH, djqfmsk dbvfiÙf tfH ˆhQ bhDslv nfsK shsrñX iashw!!!

vdhhfv }vdhhfv }vdhhfv }vdhhfv } � vdhhfv sp sjfb nmsq 4 vfjzfk 1 nftfsm, iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf hfj¶vfvf swN 2 zfqfk iVf. � IpDtk} bfnfvfslv bv-bfvDv nQJAfv nmfb sbjD tfH, bhDv nWqfh tfH, rÏ W …mvfv nWqfh tfH, iaskAj vfjzfskv hlst 1000 bfmfspv nWqfh tfH ˆhQ iaskAj rvsIv hlst shsrsñ dmnXsjv wrv tfH!!! � vdhhfv dlbok vfsÛ sp sjfb nmsq 4 vfjzfk 1 nftfsm, iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 10 hfv, däkDq vfjzfsk 20 hfv, kxkDq vfjzfsk 30 hfv ˆhQ ykcKG vfjzfsk 40 hfv iVf. bfmfspv iv dbdlGó zpDIf 75 hfv jsv. � IpDtk} slfpJD rstW shsrñX tfH rsh! nm²À ufsrvD sofbfr mfI rsq pfsh. iaskAj zfqfskv dhdbmsq rÏ W …mvfv nWqfh tfH ˆhQ zfofmD snfmhfsvv dHksv


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mvst wrDl rsh. snfmhfv }snfmhfv }snfmhfv }snfmhfv } � snfmhfv yfsñv nmq 2 vfjzfk bfmfp, iaskAj vfjzfsk zfqfkct jcvnD 1 hfv, nCvf ƒJtfn 1 hfv, nCvf Iftfj¶ 1 hfv ˆhQ nCvf bfn 1 hfv iVf. � IpDtk} nm²À sofbfr mfI rsh. � ˆƒ dlsb zfsvf 12 vfjzfk bfmfp. IpDtk} djqfmsk ˆj rfufv shsrñD spWv W kfu ivfsbf rsh, 1 t[ dIdvñf ˆƒ bfmfpDsj dbsq pfsh ˆhQ iaskAj dIdvñfv znQJA …irfv Kfjsh! � snfmhfv dlhfok vfsÛ 12 vfjzfk ˆhQ iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf bfnXv 5 hfv jsv iVf. � IpDtk} shsrsñ 7 ixdKhDv nmfb dhvfe Ov SkvD rsh! mÌthfv }mÌthfv }mÌthfv }mÌthfv } � mÌthfv dlsb yfsñv nmq zKhf nCpG Ttfv nsÌ nsÌ 10 vfjzfk ˆhQ iaskAj vfjzfsk zfqfkct jcvnD 1 hfv W nCvf ƒJtfn 3 hfv iVf. � IpDtk} 70 dlb sjfb dtJf rsh bf! 70 hYsvv sofbfr mfI. zfv ‰ dlsb mvst sn wrDl rsh! � mÌthfv dlhfok vfsÛ 2 vfjzfk; iaKm vfjzfsk 10 hfv nCvf Iftfj¶ ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk 10 hfv nCvf bfn iVf. � IpDtk} 70 rfufv dIdvñf zfnmfb sKsj bfsut rsq ˆƒ bfmfpDv ubA djqfmk ipG§À nWqfh dtJsk Kfjsh !!! hcLhfv }hcLhfv }hcLhfv }hcLhfv } � hcLhfv dlsb njfst 12 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk zfqfkct jcvnD 1 hfv, nCvf ƒJtfn 3 hfv, nCvf Iftfj¶ 3 hfv ˆhQ nCvf bfn 3 hfv iVf. � IpDtk} nm²À sofbfr mfI, jhsvv zfpfh, nQjDBGkf W zájfv lCv rsh, bhDslv mk zfmt dbsq djqfmsk …Esh (?!) ˆhQ djqfmskv jó lCv rsh. � hcLhfv mfosvh W ˆwfv mfsU 2 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk zfqfkct jcvnD 5 hfv, nCvf ƒJtfn 5 hfv, nCvf Iftfj¶ 5 hfv ˆhQ nCvf bfn 5 hfv iVf. � IpDtk} mf-hfsiv bfsm hJwfst mf-hfsiv rj zflfq rsq pfsh; pdlW lcdbqfsk kfvf kfv …iv bfvfu dYt (?!) dnÜDj W wrDlosBv nWqfh tfH rsh! hxr±idkhfv }hxr±idkhfv }hxr±idkhfv }hxr±idkhfv } � hxr±idkhfv dlsb spfrv W zfnsvv mLAhkGD nmsq (?) 2 vfjzfk; iaKm vfjzfsk zfqfkct jcvnD 100 hfv ˆhQ däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 100 hfv iVf. nftfsmv


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iv lv™l wvDI 100 hfv. � IpDtk} vuh, wf`hfb W vmpfb mfsnv svfpflfvslv mk, jf`hf wvDsIv rfuDslv mk ˆhQ mcdmbslv nQJAf zbcifsk nWqfh tfH rq! � hxr±idkhfv mfosvh W ˆwfv mLAhkGD nmsq 12 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 10 hfv iVf. � IpDtk} 12 hYsvv dlsbv svfpfv ˆhQ vfskv ƒhflk jvfv nWqfh tfH rq!

mmmbbboooVVVfff mmmfffdddnnnjjj bbbfffmmmfffppp WWW kkkfffvvv sssJJJqqqffftttDDD nnnWWWqqqfffhhh mrvGm mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }mrvGm mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }mrvGm mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }mrvGm mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } mrvm mfsnv iaKm kfvDsJv vfsk 2 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 11 hfv. ˆƒ vfsk zfsvf 6 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 10 hfv. ˆsk shsrsñ 2000 mrt tfH rsh; iaskAj mrst ƒqfjCskv 1000 lvuf ˆhQ iaskAj lvufq nhcu vsMv kJkfv …iv ùv hsn Kfjsh. 6000 hftf lCv rsh ˆhQ 6000 nWqfh tfH rsh! ˆƒ kfvDsJ dlsb 2 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 3 hfv. ˆsk lc ub dIdvñf hdFofFG ifWqf pfq ˆhQ nfvf hYv wqkfb sKsj dbvfiÙf tfH. zfðvfv vfsk 2 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 3 hfv. ˆsk djqfmk ipG§À svZwb Kfjsh. ˆƒ vfsk zfsvf 4 vfjzfk. iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 50 hfv. ˆsk 50 hYsvv zfsov W isvv sofbfr mfI rq! zfðvfv dlsb 4 vfjzfk bfmfp; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 50 hfv. ˆsk 50 hYsvv zfsov W isvv sofbfr mfI rq! shsrsñ 1000 bCsvv mrt SkvD rq. ˆƒ dlsb vsqsY zfsvf 4 vfjzfk sJqftD bfmfp. zKhf spfrv W zfnsvv mLAhkGD nmsq 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk Ifdkrfv iv zfqfkct jcvnD 10 hfv, nCvf ƒJtfn 11 hfv ˆhQ bfn W Iftfj¶ 5 hfv. bfmfp swsN ƒd²ÀoIfv 70 hfv. ˆ bfmfpW dhlzfk. (mcdh} 340-341ix}) ˆƒ mfsnv 1 sKsj 10 kfvDJ ipG§À iaskAj dlb spfrsvv iv 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 15 hfv. ˆ bfmfp rpvk rfnfb-srfsnsbv v™srv …iv hJsw dlst djqfmsk k]fslv ncifdvw (!) tfH rsh.

nIv mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }nIv mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }nIv mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }nIv mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } iaKm kfvDsJv vfsk ˆwfv iv 4 vfjzfk; iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf jfdIv™b 15 hfv. däkDq vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 15 hfv. kxkDq vfjzfsk nCvf Iftfj¶ 15 hfv ˆhQ ykcKG


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vfjzfsk nCvf bfn 15 hfv. ˆsk nm²À hftf sKsj svrfƒ ifWqf pfq ˆhQ Jch shwD nWqfh tfH rq. ˆƒ mfsnv swN hcLhfv hf zfsJvD yfrfv swfìfv yfsñv nmq 2 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 11 hfv. ˆ mfsnv 1m nåfsrv ucmzfv vfsk ˆwfv isv 4 vfjzfk bIt ˆhQ kfv sJqftD nWqfshv jKfv …sïJ vsqsY zsbj djkfsh.

vdh…t zfWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }vdh…t zfWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }vdh…t zfWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }vdh…t zfWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv iaKm rsk 12 kfvDJ ipG§À iaskAj dlb 20 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 21 hfv. ˆƒ bfmfp bhD �-ˆv bfsm hJsw dlst dkdb bfmfpDsj shsrsñv ncnQhfl slshb! zsbsjv msk ˆ mfsn dbqdmk lv™l iVst LbD rWqf pfq.

vdh…nXvdh…nXvdh…nXvdh…nX----nfbD mfsnv dhlzfkD bfmfp }nfbD mfsnv dhlzfkD bfmfp }nfbD mfsnv dhlzfkD bfmfp }nfbD mfsnv dhlzfkD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv 1, 15 W 29 kfvDsJ 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 5 hfv. ˆsk 1000 nWqfh tfH, 1000 ifi mfI ˆhQ 4de ùv tfH rsh. zsbsjv sJqft msk ˆ mfsnv 15 kfvDsJ mfosvshv iv 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVst …Hqjfst jfdmqfhD tfH rq. ˆ mfsnv swN vfsk 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVst jhsvv zfpfh sKsj mcdÙÁ ifWqf pfq.

ucmflft zfWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }ucmflft zfWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }ucmflft zfWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }ucmflft zfWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv iaKm kfvDsJv vfsk 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 11 hfv. ˆsk 90,000 hYsvv sbjD tfH rsh ˆhQ 90,000 hYsvv sofbfr smfyb rsq pfsh! jfsvf sJqft msk ˆ mfsnv iaKm kfvDsJ 20 vfjzfk bfmfp iVsk rq.

ucmflfn nfbD mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }ucmflfn nfbD mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }ucmflfn nfbD mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }ucmflfn nfbD mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv iaKm kfvDsJv vfsk 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 13 hfv. ˆsk 1 tfJ sbjD tfH rsh ˆhQ 1 tfJ sofbfr smfyb rsh! ˆ vfsk 12 vfjzfk bfmfspv jKfW hBGbf jvf rsq Kfsj.

vuh mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }vuh mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }vuh mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }vuh mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsn 1, 15, W swN kfvDsJ sofnt jvst (oÌfust nfb jvfv mk) iaKm dlbjfv dwðv mk db°ifi rWqf pfq! ˆƒ mfsn 30 vfjzfk bfmfp ˆhQ kfv 5de vfk ƒhflk jvfv sJqftD IpDtk hBGbf jvf rsq Kfsj. jfsvf msk ˆ mfsnv 15 kfvDsJ ˆwfv isv 70 vfjzfk bfmfp iVst ixdKhDv hx[vfdu idvmfB nWqfh tfH rq. (mcdh} 341ix} û})


329

n¶ftfkcv vfofsqh }n¶ftfkcv vfofsqh }n¶ftfkcv vfofsqh }n¶ftfkcv vfofsqh } ˆƒ mfsn ucmzfv vfsk ˆwfv isv 12 vfjzfk bfmfp iVf rsq Kfsj. 6 nftfsm iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf Ifdkrfv iv nCvf j¶flXv 3 hfv ˆhQ nCvf ƒJtfn 12 hfv iVsk rq. bfmfp swsN 70 hfv lv™l wvDI ˆhQ zfsvf zbAfbA lczf W dnulfr. ˆ nhƒ dhlzfk. (dhswN û} kfhqDbct zfufh, dhmf zvflf ID Ifpdt vfufh, mfumC… IfkfWqf ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr 2/2, mcdh} 338-339, 342ix})

wshdm'vfsuv bfmfp }wshdm'vfsuv bfmfp }wshdm'vfsuv bfmfp }wshdm'vfsuv bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv 27 kfvDsJ ˆwf W dhksvv mfsU 6 nftfsm 12 vfjzfk bfmfp. zfv bfmfspv iv 100 hfv jstmfsq kfmuDl (?) ˆhQ dbdlGó lczf ifE. ˆƒ dlb lfb jvsk rq. ‰ dlsbv svfpf ˆhQ ‰ vfskv ƒhflk 100 hYv svfpf ˆhQ 100 vfk ƒhflk jvfv nmfb! (mcdh} 341 W 345ix})

wf'hfb mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }wf'hfb mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }wf'hfb mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }wf'hfb mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv 1 kfvDsJv vfsk 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 15 hfv. ˆsk shðmfv nWqfh tfH rq. ˆƒ mfsn sp sjfb vfsk 1 nftfsm 8 vfjzfk bfmfp isV rpvk Ifskmfv bfsm hJXsw dlst dkdb ‰ bfmfpDv ubA wfIfzfk bf jsv shsrsñ ˆj if-W dlshb bf!

wshhvfskv bfmfp }wshhvfskv bfmfp }wshhvfskv bfmfp }wshhvfskv bfmfp } wshhvfk zfnst wshjlsvv ëf§À v™i. wshjlsvv zfnt sYsV wshhvfskv bjt ƒhflk dbsq mfkfmfdk jsv Hft hvfk hf HfoA tfsHv ubA stfsj 100 vfjzfk bfmfp isV Kfsj. zfv iaskAj vfjzfsk 10 hfv nCvf ƒJtfn isV Kfsj. ˆ bfmfpW mboVf dhlzfk. (mcdh} 341-342ix}) wshhvfskv bfmfp iVst bfdj 20de rsÏv ˆhQ 20 hYv ˆjefbf ƒhflskv nWqfh ifWqf pfq! zfv 15 kfvDsJ svfpf vfJst bfdj zoa-iÇyf{ 2 hYv svfpf vfJfv nWqfh ifWqf pfq. ˆ vfsk bfmfp zflfsqv iCshG bfdj sofntW jvsk rq. zfv sn sofnstv nWqfhW vsqsY bfdj sJqftD; ˆ sofnstv iadk sI]fefv ifdbv dhdbmsq 700 vfjzfk bIt bfmfp zflfsqv nWqfh zfmt-bfmfq dtJf rsq Kfsj!!! ˆ vfsk hftf lCv jvf, zfqc hxdÝ jvf ˆhQ zHfhmcÙÁ rWqfv dbqsk 6 vfjzfk bfmfp iVf rq. iVf rq nCvf ƒqfnDb nr zfsvf mboVf lczf. (mcdh} 342ix}) Osv Osv u¶ftfsbf rq lDifhtD. hfbfsbf rq bfbf vjm Jfhfv. zfv ˆ nshv iÇyfsk ˆj ˆjde mfrfk¹A hBGbf jvf rq. ˆ YfVf zfsvf jk wk sJqftD ƒhflk W nWqfshv jKf ifWqf pfq ˆjfdLj hfufvD hƒ-ic²Àsj; pfv nhÈstfƒ dhlzfk ˆhQ sn nshv ˆjdeW nrDr ltDt sbƒ.


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vmpfb mfsnv sJqftD wshjlsvv bfmfp }vmpfb mfsnv sJqftD wshjlsvv bfmfp }vmpfb mfsnv sJqftD wshjlsvv bfmfp }vmpfb mfsnv sJqftD wshjlsvv bfmfp } wshjlsvv nfvf vfdÛ ufovB jsv ƒhflk jvsk rq, bfmfp iVsk rq. dj§Â sjht 27 kfvDsJv vfsk kfvfhDrv iv Jfn wshjlsvv bfmfp isV dhlzfkDvf. kfsk kfvf iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf j¶flXv ˆk ˆk hfv ˆhQ nCvf ƒJtfn ˆk ˆk hfv isV Kfsj. pfv sjfb ltDt W dHdÙ sbƒ. (mcdh} 345ix})

wWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }wWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }wWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }wWqft mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv 1 kfvDsJv vfsk zKhf „slv bfmfspv iv 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 21 hfv. ˆsk shsrsñv 8de lvuf sJftf ˆhQ slfpsJv 7de lvuf há rsq pfq. mvfv iCshG shsrsñ dbsuv ²¿fb slJf pfq. ˆ YfVf dlsb zKhf vfsk zfsvf 8 vfjzfk bfmfspv jKf htf rq.

pctj¶f'lfr mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }pctj¶f'lfr mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }pctj¶f'lfr mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }pctj¶f'lfr mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv 1 kfvDsJv vfsk 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 23 hfv. ˆsk shsrsñ 4000 tft ƒqfjCskv Ov SkvD rq! iaskAj Osv uWrfsvv dnQrfnb Kfjsh!! iaskAj dnQrfnsb ùv hnf Kfjsh; kfslv jift nCpG zsi[f shwD …Ï¶t rsh!!! ˆ YfVf ˆƒ mfsnv iaskAj vfsk 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVst 1 ub wrDl W 1 rsÏv nWqfh tfH rsh! zfv ˆƒ mfsnv iaskAj ðÛÁhfv 4 vfjzfk bfmfp iVst 1de rÏ W 1de …mvfv nWqfh rsh!!

pctrÏ mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }pctrÏ mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }pctrÏ mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp }pctrÏ mfsnv sJqftD bfmfp } ˆƒ mfsnv 1 kfvDsJv vfsk 4 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf ƒJtfn 25 hfv. ˆsk shðmfv nWqfh tfH rq. ˆ mfsnv iaKm 10 dlsbv dhksvv bfmfspv iv 2 vfjzfk; iaskAj vfjzfsk nCvf jfWnfv 3 hfv ˆhQ nCvf ƒJtfn 3 hfv iVst `mfjfsm ƒïDb' (?) tfH rsh, iaskAj sjswv hlst 1000 sbjD ˆhQ 1000 lDbfv nljf jvfv nWqfh tfH rsh! ˆ YfVf zfsvf jk mboVf bfmfspv jKf vsqsY zsbj hƒ-ic²Àsj. zfnst nWqfh kfslv dbsuv isje sKsj hstƒ ˆk ˆk nWqfh zuGsbv hAfifsv zfÇypG W zhfj rWqfv sjfb jfvB sbƒ. iafkAdrj W mfdnj ‰ swaBDv dbdlGó bfmfp sp dhlzfk, sn iansÌ …tfmfslv ±ió …dÙÁ vsqsY. (mcdh} 342ix} û})

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nnnQQQsssjjjkkk---nnnCC CyyyDDD WWW iiiaa ammmfffBBBiiiÓÓÓDDD jc}= jcvzfb mfuDl zf}= zfrmfl, mcnbfl zfƒ} = zfrjfmct ƒmfmfdk zt-ƒ'dkmfdm dInXnftfk, zfèct mcrdnb zft-mcbDI zflf}= zfhClf†l, ncbfb zfbf} = zft-zfudhhfkcb bfsIzfr, zfb zfnƒtfdk tfubfdk mfndudlt ufsmzfr, mcrfdÜn zfthfbD zfmf}= zf…bct mf'hCl zfqf} = zfhC qAf'tf zfvf}= zfècv vfpXpfj, mcnfâfI ƒJc}= ƒhsb Jcpfƒmfr, nrDr ƒo}= ƒvWqf…t oftDt, zfthfbD ƒmf}= ƒhsb mfufr, ncbfb ƒdr}= ƒhsb drêfb, nrDr k¶f}= k¶frfhD k¶fh} hf k¶fhf}= k¶fhfvfbD, mc'ufm kfdm}= kfmfmct dmâfr, zfthfbD dk}= dkvdmpD, ncbfb kczf} = kcrIfkct zfrWqfpD kcƒ}= kcrIfkct ƒJWqfb, ƒhsb hfp

pk dlb pfq, kk bkcb jKf ufbf rq, bkcb hù djYc swJf rq. hfdkt rq icvfkb hù djYc. kfv mfsb ˆƒ bq sp, ˆÈstf bkcb rflDn. hvQ zfmfslv ufbf bkcb. zfv iCshG pf jvf rsqsY, kf hvhfl bq. kf ndEj susb jvst kfskW nWqfh sisq Kfsj sbj dbqskv mcndtm. dj§Â nkA ufbfv iv zfv bq. nkA ufbfv iv nkAsj smsbƒ nWqfh ifWqf pfsh. zbAKf susbðsb znskAv zbcnvB jvst [dkW zfsY. nckvfQ …lfv rst Hq Kfsj bf djYcv. mrfb zfïfr hstb, zfmfv snƒ hf¦lfslvsj ncnQhfl lfW, pfvf jKf msbfspfo nrjfsv wahB jsv, zk}iv …Ùsmv zbcnvB jsv. kfvfƒ rt ˆmb stfj, pfslvsj zfïfr srlfqfk jsvsYb ˆhQ kfvfƒ rt Îfbn©iâ.« (jc} 39/17-18) zkˆh zfidbW snƒ ncnQhfl oarB jv¢b. nrDr rflDsnv …isv zfmt jv¢b. nrDr rflDnƒ zfmstv ubA psKó.


332

lf}= lfsvmD, ncbfb lfvf}= lfvfj¶ck¶bD, ncbfb bf}= bfnf„, ncbfb bfzf}= bfƒtct zf…kfv, wfWjfbD bfb} = bfmfsp bhhD, nfƒsql wfIDjcv vrmfb, tfsrfv Yfif Iƒ}= IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr, n†lD …tfmf-jdmde I…}= IfkfWqf ƒhsb …NfƒmDb Ihf}= Ifkùt hfvD, ƒhsb rfufv IfJc}= IfkfWqf dIt mfndr zftft JcIXIfƒb, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb Ifkfufmf} = IfkfWqf kfkfzfïfjc dhufmfzfdkt mfndul Ifmcnf} = IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr kfkfzfïfjc dhnX-n¶ftfr, ƒhsb hfp dInc}= dIjùn ncâfr hc}= hcJfvD, nrDr mh}= mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr mf}= mfstj, mczÙf mfkfrfzf} = mf-pf kfIzftc dIt rf-tf-dkt zf-dkqfr, mcrf©mfl nfstr zft-mcbfdÏl mfpf}= mfumf…p pfWqfƒl, rfƒNfmD mfvfnf}= mfumCzfkc vfnfƒt dIn n¶ftfr mfnfƒ}= mfumC…n n¶ftfWqfdk dIt-ƒntfm, F} wWjk …tfƒqfb dm} = dmwjfk mc}= mcndtm, nrDr mck¶fnf}= mcJftfIfk dIÙ¶frfvfdk znn¶ftfr mcdh} = mc'ufmct dhlf' mcmck¶fnf} = mcJkfnfv¢ mcJftfIfkc k¶frfvfdk znn¶ftfr, zfèct zfpDp nflrfb mcm}= zftmcmsk', wfvsr dIjXr, ƒhsb …NfƒmDb p}= pqDI pfmf}= pflct mfzfl, ƒhbct jfƒsqm vfdI}= vfnfƒt dIjdrqAfr, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb dthfmf}= dtjf… hfdht mfIkCr, ƒhsb …NfƒmDb dtmf}= dtjf… hfdht mfIkCr, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb dtjf}= dtjf… hfdht mfIkCr, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb wfnc} = wfvùn ncâfr, hfohD n}= nrDr


333

nfuf} = nftfkct ufmfzfdk ùjmcrf zzfrjfmcrf, FÅv nfstr nfltfb dnzfbc} = dnqfv¢ zf'tfmcb bchftf', ƒmfm pfrfhD dnp}= dntdntfr pfqDIfr, zfthfbD dnn}= dntdntfr nrDrfr, zfthfbD dnnfb}= dnIfkc n¶ftfdkb bfhD �, zfthfbD nczf} = ncbfbc zfvhfzfr (zfhC lf†l, dkvdmpD, bfnf„ W ƒhsb mfufr) rf}= rfsjm, mc²ÀflXvfj

mfwtfbf mcrf©mfl mcjf©mft rj dvqfpd nfsrshv zdhmkzdhmk new folder (6... · rwqf. 6. (nfófsÌ)...

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