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TRANSCRIPT
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A solar cell is any device that directly convertsthe energy in light into electrical energythrough the process of photovoltaics.
First Generation Solar CellsCrystalline Silicon Cells
Second Generation Solar CellsAmorphous Si, GaAs, CdTe, CIS, CIGS
Third Generation Solar CellsDye-sensitized cells,
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Relatively cheap inproduction and
purification
Materials can betailored for the
demand
Can be used on
flexible substrate
Can be shaped or
tinted to suitarchitecturalapplications
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Do not reach the energyconversion efficiencyexceeding 24 % innorganic materials.
Limited lifetime/ stability
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Recently hybrid solar cell (HSC) which is thecombination of inorganic and organicmaterials are widely studied and theefficiency of the device has reached above
5%.
Polymers are the common donors
whereas nanoparticles act ascommon acceptors.
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nanoparticles
polymer
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Highest efficiency was recorded in therandom mixtures of conjugated polymers andinorganic nanoparticles.
Provide continuouspathways for chargetransport in the
through-filmdirection.
Maintainsolution
processability.
Have thepotential forfurtherenhancement of
electrontransport.
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Mesoporous inorganic films infused with
electron-donating organic structures, Alternating inorganic-organic lamellar
structures,
And
Nanoscale structures;
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Different inorganic nanowires such GaAs, Si, TiO2,CdS, ZnO and Ag were used in the literature.
Use of nanowire instead of PCBM as an acceptor
group
Use of nanowire as an additional group
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A blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and narrowbandgap GaAs Nanowires is used.
Coating the GaAs nanowireswith TiOx shells passivates
nanowire surface states andfurther improves thephotovoltaic performance.
Power conversion efficiencieswere reported as 2.36%.
Device architecture
Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 408
413
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Absorption spectra of a P3HT thin film, GaAsnanowires , GaAs20%, and GaAs50% blends.
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Comparison of EQE data for P3HT hybrid cells withdifferent NW loading.
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Well-alignedsingle-crystalline Si nanowires (SiNWs)and poly(3 hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyricacidmethylester (P3HT:PCBM) were used asan active layer.
Provide uninterrupted conduction paths for
electron transport. Enhance the optical absorption.
Increase the surface area for exciton dissociation.
Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 93
(2009) 621624
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(a)A schematic of the
hybrid solar cellusing SiNWs andP3HT:PCBM blend
(b)The setup for
transferring theSiNWs onto theP3HT:PCBM blend
(c) A schematic of themachine with lateralforce used toseparate the siliconwafer from theP3HT:PCBM blend.
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Jsc increases from 7.17 to 11.61 mA/cm2and PCE increases from 1.21% to 1.91%.
Si nanowires can be fabricated at lowtemperature from solution processing withoutany vacuum equipment or high-temperatureprocessing
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The current densityvoltage characteristics for the solarcells with and without the SiNWs .
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Hybrid Solar Cells have some certain advantages because they
combine the unique properties of the inorganicsemiconductor nanoparticle with those of the polymericmaterials
Combination of the NWs and P3HT:PCBM blend is anattractive route to obtain high Jsc and efficiencies by
improving the optical absorption
increasing the dissociation of excitons
improving the electron transport
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