mi tutorial brasil

8/10/2019 Mi Tutorial BRASIL

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1. Greetings

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

Bom dia! Good morning.

Boa tarde! Good afternoon.

Boa noite! Good evening/Good night.

Como vai? How are you? (formal)

Bem, obrigado/obrigada.Fine, than you. (male/femaleer"on)

#i! Hi.

#i, tudo bem? Hi, how are you? (informal)

$udo bem, e vo%&? Fine, and you?2. Saying good bye

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

$%hau! Bye. (informal)

't logo! Good bye. (formal)

't mai"! ee you then.

't deoi"! ee you later.

't amanh*! ee you tomorrow. 3. Polite exressions

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

#brigado/#brigada. $han you. (male/female er"on)

+e nada. ou are wel%ome.

-or favor.-lea"e/%u"e0"e (by a"inginformation)

+e"%ule. orry. (by aologi1ing)

+2 li%en3a.%u"e0me. (by maingway/%oming in)

4*o tem roblema. 4o roblem/5t doe"n6t matter.

4*o fa1 mal. 4o roblem/5t doe"n6t matter.


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!. Introd"#tion

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

7eu nome .... 7y name i" .....

Como "eu nome? 8hat i" your name?

9o%& bra"ileiro/bra"ileira? 're you Bra1ilian? (male/female)

# "enhor bra"ileiro?'re you Bra1ilian? (male/mar ofre"e%t)

' "enhora bra"ileira?'re you Bra1ilian? (female/mar ofre"e%t)

:ual "ua na%ionalidade? 8hat i" your nationality?

u "ou fran%$s/fran%e"a. 5 am Fren%h. (male/female)

:uero te are"entar meu" amigo".5 want to introdu%e my friend" toyou.

:uero te are"entar minhafam;lia.

5 want to introdu%e my family toyou.

"te %e"amigo/namorado/marido.

$hi" i" my friend/boyfriend/hu"band.

"ta %in&aamiga/namorada/mulher.

$hi" i" my friend/girl friend/wife.

-ra1er. 5t i" a lea"ure to meet you.

7uito ra1er. 5t i" a lea"ure to meet you.

'. (eeting so%eone

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

9o%& fala ortugu&"? +o you "ea -ortugue"e?

Falo/4*o, n*o falo. e", 5 do/4o, 5 don6t.

Falo um ou%o/um ou


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ou de*o -aulo/do Bra"il/daFran3a

5 am )ro%*o -aulo/Bra1il/Fran%e.

#nde vo%& mora? 8here do you live?

7oro e%*o -aulo/no Bra"il/naFran3a. 5 live in*o -aulo/Bra1il/Fran%e.

9o%& trabalha? +o you wor?

$rabalho n"%ban%o. 5 wor in aban.

$rabalho noBan%o do Bra"il. 5 wor atBan%o do Bra"il.

$rabalho n"%aemre"a. 5 wor in a%omany.

$rabalho na7ai1ena. 5 wor at7ai1ena.

#


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,. -sing and gi/ing in)or%ation

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

-or favor, onde fi%a o Hotel Bela

9i"ta?

%u"e0me, where i" the B.9i"ta

Hotel?@ ali na e">.

9o%& ode tro%ar DE>> (%emdAlare")?

Can you %hange D E>>?

u n*o tenho tro%ado. 5 don6t have "mall %hange.'


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PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

'l, de onde fala? Hello, who am 5 "eaing to?

+e"%ule. Foi engano. orry, 5 got the wrong number.

'l,


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"tou no


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:uanta" e""oa"? How many eole?

Fi1 uma re"erva ara L e""oa". 5 have a re"ervation for L eole.

:uero uma me"a erto da Kanela. 5 would lie a table by the window.

:uero um %hoe. 5 would lie a draught beer.:uero uma %erveKa. 5 would lie a beer.

Gar3om, mai" uma %o%a, or favor. 8aiter, one %oe more, lea"e.

Gar3om, a %onta, or favor. 8aiter, the bill, lea"e.

:uero meu bife bem a""ado. 5 want my "tea well done.

:uero meu bife mal a""ado. 5 want my "tea rare.

:uero meu bife ao onto. 5 want my "tea medium.

9ou edir uma "alada. 5 am going to order a "alad.ou vegetariano4a. 4*o %omo%arne.

5 am a vegetarian. 5 do not eatmeat.

:ual rato do dia? 8hat i" the di"h of the day?

#


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:uando? 8hen?

'


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Foi um ra1er falar %om vo%&. 5t wa" a lea"ure to tal to you.

Foi um ra1er te %onhe%er. 5t wa" a lea"ure to meet you.

1'. Good +is&es

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

-arabn"! Congratulation"!

Feli1 aniver"2rio! Hay birthday!

Feli1 4atal! 7erry Chri"tma"!

Feli1 'no 4ovo! Hay 4ew ear!

Feli1 -2"%oa! Hay a"ter!

aIde! Cheer"!/God ble"" you!Boa "orte! Good lu%!

Boa" fria"! Have a ni%e holiday!

Boa viagem! Have a ni%e tri!

Bom divertimento! nKoy your"elf/Have fun!

Bom aetite! nKoy your meal!

Bom fim de "emana! Have a ni%e weeend!

#brigado/a, igualmente. $han you, the "ame to you.#brigado/a, ra vo%& tambm. $han you, the "ame to you.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

u n*o %elembro mai". 5 (%an) no longer remember.

(elembra de ligar ra ele" deoi".emind %eof %alling themafterward".embre0%ede ligar ra ele"

deoi".9o%& ode %eegar/bu"%ar nae"%ola?

Can you i% %eu at "%hool?

u n*o e"tou %e"entindo muitobem.

5 am not feeling very well.

u (%e) levanto " "ei" e meia. 5 get u at half a"t "i.


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u %ediverti ba"tante. 5 enKoyed %ysel)a lot.

(ed2 a


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inteligente intelligent

f2%il ea"y

Ex#etion;e"anholM e"anhola (ani"h)

!. Pl"ral o) -d6e#ti/es

Nee in mind that adKe%tive" %an be "ingular or lural in -ortugue"e.

SINGUL-R PLUR-L ENGLISH

bonita bonitas ni%e/retty

grande grandes big/great/large

bra"ileiro bra"ileiros Bra1ilian

euroe" euroe"s uroean

alem9o alem9es German

na%ional na%ionais national

fiel fi:is loyal

%ivil %ivis %ivil

f2%il f2%eis ea"y

e"anhol e"anh


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word they modify.'n adverb u"ually an"wer" the %ente

'dverb" ending in 0mente%orre"ond to adverb" ending in 0lyinngli"h.

$he"e adverb" al"o %ome from adKe%tive" a" in ngli"h.

-?E8TI@E -@ERA ENGLISH

rin%ial rin%ial%ente main M mainly

imediatoM imediata imediata%ente immediate Mimmediately

3. -d6e#ti/es "sed as ad/erbs

$here are al"o "ome adKe%tive" in -ortugue"e whi%h %an be u"ed a"adverb".

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

Fale mai" alto. ea lo"der.

'nda rBido! 8al)ast!

Re%ar; 'dKe%tive" u"ed a" adverb" are invariable.

!. -d/erbial P&rases


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5f an adverb ha" more than one word it i" %alled adverbial hra"e. 'adverbial hra"e normally begin" with a reo"ition and it i" lie anere""ion you have to memori1e.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

Cdireita on the right

demanh* in the morning

e%breve "oon

1. T&e e)inite -rti#le

-RTI8LE (-S8ULINE 7E(ININE ENGLISH

"ingular o a the

lural os as the

$he definite arti%le i" u"ed before noun", %ountrie", %ontinent", river",i"land", region", "ea"on" of the year, day" of the wee, %olor",o""e""ive ronoun", art" of the body, title" and even before name"in "ome region" of Bra1il.5t "e%ifie" the noun and at the "ame time it indi%ate" it" gender andnumber.$he definite arti%le i" more fre


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$he lural form i" normally u"ed to "how an aroimate number(about/around) or in"tead of alguns/algumas("ome).

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

"%livro aboo

"%a%aneta a en

1. 8o%arati/e

$he %omarative i" u"ed when two eole or thing" are %omared.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

%ais ... do 5"e more .... than

%enos ... do 5"e le"" .... than

t9o ... #o%o45"anto a" .... a"

tanto ... #o%o45"anto a" mu%h .... a"

tantoDs4tantaDs ...#o%o45"anto

a" mu%h/many .... a"

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

grande/e


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2. S"erlati/e I$he "uerlative i" u"ed when more than two eole or thing" are%omared.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

oDs4aDs %ais the mo"t

oDs4aDs %enos the lea"t

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

oDs4aDs %el&orDes4iorDes the be"t/wor"e

oDs4aDs %aiorDes4%enorDes the bigge"t/"malle"t

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

"te ohotel %aisfamo"o da%idade.

$hi" i" t&e %ostfamou" hotel inthe %ity.

"te o%el&orhotel da %idade. $hi" i" t&e besthotel in the %ity.

3. S"erlati/o II

5n -ortugue"e, if you want to "ay that "omething i" very or etremelyeen"ive, beautiful, et%. you %an ere"" it in two different way"O

a) By adding the "uffie" -ssimo, -rrimo or -imoto the adKe%tiveO

PORTUGUESE ENGLISHbarato baratFssi%o %hea very %hea

obre au:rri%o oor very oor

dif;%il difi%;li%o diffi%ult very diffi%ult

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

bom


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barato %"itobarato %hea very %hea

obre %"itoobre oor very oor

dif;%il %"itodif;%il diffi%ult very diffi%ult

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH"te eer%;%io )a#Fli%o. $hi" eer%i"e i" /ery easy.

"te eer%;%io %"ito )B#il. $hi" eer%i"e i" /ery easy.

1. Ser>Estar5n -ortugue"e, both verb" ser and estarmean to be and it i" diffi%ult todi"tingui"h both for beginner".Seri" u"ed for er%anent or "n#&angeable sit"ationslienationality, origin, rofe""ion, marital "tatu", et%. Estari" u"ed for

te%orary or #&angeable sit"ations, al"o for a "tate of being.

@ERAS PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

"er(to be 0ermanent)

la:bonita. ("emre) he isretty. (alway")

le : de *o -aulo. He isfrom *o -aulo.

# %arro :grande. $he %ar isbig.

muito %aro. 5t is very een"ive.

e"tar(to be 0temorary)

la estBbonita. (hoKe) he isretty. (today)

le estBem *o -aulo. He isin *o -aulo.

# %arro estB


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andar (to be) le anda nervo"o.He &as beennervou"lately.

viver (to be) le/i/enervo"o. Heisal+aysnervou".

3. Estar>7a=er

5n Bra1il, the"e verb" have different meaning".


e"tar (to be) EstBmuito frio hoKe. It isvery %old today.

fa1er (to be)"t2 )a=endomuito frio. It isvery %old.

'Sentir>Estar

Sentirand terhave the "ame meaning and their u"e i" normally linedwith "ome "ituation at a given time. (at thi" time, at EE o6%lo%, aftermy gym %la"", when, et%.). Estari" u"ed for temorary "ituation" andit i" more fre


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go"taria (wouldlie)

u gostaria de dan3ar. 5 +o"ld lieto dan%e.

e eu "oube""e, eugostariade dan3ar.

5f 5 new how to dan%e, 5+o"ld lieto dan%e.

*. Ir>-ndar

ometime" verb" irand andarhave ea%tly the "ame meaning (toride, to fly, to wal, et%.). For thi" rea"on, they are often %onfu"ed. Irmean" to go to somewhere and it mu"t be followed by a de"tinationwhile andari" not followed by a de"tination.


ir (to go)u /o" ao Arasildeavi*o.

5a% going to Ara=ilbylane.

andar (to wal)

u ando muito de avi*o. 5 )ly a lot.

u adoro andar a %avalo5 love ridingon ahor"eba%.

,. Ir>@ir

Ir(to go) i" u"ed to indi%ate amovement away from the "eaer orthe la%e where the "eaer i" at the moment of "eaing while ir(to%ome) i" u"ed to indi%ate a movement toward the "eaer or the la%ewhere the "eaer i" at the moment of "eaing.5f u"ed to indi%ate a movement, ir(to go) i" followed by thereo"itionl/ali(there) while ir(to %ome) i" followed by thereo"ition a!ui/"(here). $he reo"ition i" often omitted, but try tou"e it at lea"t mentally in order to mae it ea"ier to di"tingui"h bothand not mi"u"e them.


ir (to go) le n*o )oi aula hoKe.Hedid not goto %la""

today.vir (to %ome) le n*o/eio aula hoKe.

He didn6t#o%eto %la""today.

0. Le/ar>Tra=er


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#ear(to tae) i" u"ed to indi%ate amovement away from the "eaeror the la%e where the "eaer i" at the moment of "eaing whiletra$er(to bring) i" u"ed to indi%ate a movement toward the "eaer orthe la%e where the "eaer i" at the moment of "eaing.5f u"ed to indi%ate a movement, lear(to tae) i" followed by the

reo"itionl/ali(there) while tra$er(to bring) i" followed by thereo"ition a!ui (here). $he reo"ition i" often omitted, but try to u"eit at lea"t mentally in order to mae it ea"ier to di"tingui"h both andnot mi"u"e them.


levar (to tae) 9ou le/ar a" %rian3a" l2.5 will taethe %hildrenthere.

tra1er (to bring)9ou tra=era" %rian3a"

aPre#isar de

5n Bra1il, there i" a differen%e between both verb". %re"isar mean" tohae toor mustand it i" followed by an infinitive verb whilepre"isardemean"to needand it i" followed by an obKe%t.


re%i"ar (to haveto) Pre#isoir ao ban%o. 5 &a/e togo to the ban.

re%i"ar (to need) Pre#isodedinheiro. 5 need money.

1. Pro/ar>Tentar$he"e verb" are often %onfu"ed a" they are both the "ame word inngli"h.


rovar (to try on ) -o""o ro/are"ta%ami"a? Can 5 try onthi" "hirt?

rovar (to try):uero ro/are"tevinho.

5 want to trythi" wine.

tentar (to try)u vou tentar falar %omele.

5 willtryto tal to him.


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11. Saber>8on&e#er

Sabermean" to know somethingorto know how to do somethingwhile "onhe"ermean" to know a pla"e or a person&


"aber (to now)u seionde fi%a e"tarua.

5 no+where thi" "treeti".

"aber (to nowhow)

u seinadar.5 no+ &o+to4#an"wim.

%onhe%er (tonow)

u #on&eoe"ta rua. 5 no+thi" "treet.

12. Saber>Poder>8onseg"irBothsaberandpoder %an be tran"lated into ngli"h a" "an. However,poderi" al"o tran"lated a"may, to be abledeending on the %ontet.'onseguir mean" to manage, to be able, to get, to obtain, "andeending on the %ontet.


"aber (%an) la n*o sabenadar. he #annot"wim. (at all)

oder (%an/may)la n*o odenadar. he #annot"wim. (today)

Posso entrar? (ay5 %ome in?

%on"eguir (%an)9o%& #onseg"i"falar%om ele?

+id you %anage to tal tohim?

13. Ter>Ter 5"e

(ermean"to haeand it i" followed by an obKe%t while ter !ue or terdemean" to hae toor mustand i" followed by a verb.


ter (to have) 9o%& te%filho"? +o you &a/e%hildren?

ter


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to) amanh*. tomorrow.

1!. To#ar>?ogar>Arin#ar

'll the"e verb" are ea"ily %onfu"ed be%au"e they have the "amemeaning (to lay) in ngli"h. (o"ari" u"ed for in"trument"Pjogar i" for"ort"/%ard" and brin"ar i" u"ed for %hildren6" lay.


to%ar (tolay/ring)

le to#aviol*o. He laysthe guitar.

# telefone estBto#ando.

$he telehone is ringing.

Kogar (to lay) 9o%&6ogat&ni"/%arta"? +o you laytenni"/%ard"?

brin%ar (tolay/Koe)

'" %rian3a"est9obrin#ando.

$he %hildren are laying.

9o%& estB brin#ando? -reyou idding?

1'. @erbos 5"e (verb" Q


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5n -ortugue"e, there are verb" whi%h are followed by reo"ition" thatdiffer from ngli"h. $ry to learn the mo"t imortant verb" along withthe reo"ition" and remember that a reo"ition u"ually varie" ingender (ma"%uline/feminine) and in number ("ingular/lural), if it i"followed by a noun.


go"tar (to lie)le gostamuito doBra"il.

He lo/esBra1il.

%ome3ar (tobegin)

le #o%eo" atrabalhar.

He began woring.

ir (to go) 4*o o""o ir Creuni*o.5 %annot go to t&emeeting.

re%i"ar (to need) 9o%& re#isa destas%arta"? +o you needt&eseletter"?

1,. @erbos i%essoais(imer"onal verb")

Certain verb" in -ortugue"e are only u"ed in the =rder"on. $hi" i"u"ually =rder"on "ingular (he/"he/it), but may be =rder"on lural(they), if referring to animal".$he"e verb" often refer to natural henomenon or are u"ed inidiomati% ere""ion".

Re%ar;ometime" the meaning of the verb will %hange when u"eda" imer"onal verb.


%hover (to rain) 8&o/e"muito ontem. It raineda lot ye"terday.

latir (to bar)#" %a%horro" est9olatindo.

$he dog" are baring.

dar (to give)

B ra vo%& ligar

deoi"? 8anyou %all me later?

fa1er (to do)7a= um ano


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here.

10. Ae%>Ao%

)em(well) i" an adverb, it alway" follow" a verb and it i" invariablewhile bom(good) i" an adKe%tive, it alway" follow" a noun and it i"variable.

emember that in -ortugue"e adKe%tive" %an be ma"%uline orfeminine (bom/boa), "ingular or lural (bons/boas).

$he oo"ite of bemi" maland the oo"ite of bom/boai" ruimor mau/m. 5n"tead of u"ing oo"ite", you %an ut the"enten%e in the negative. ee the "e%ond eamle.

AO(>AE( PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

bem (well) le fala ingl&" muitobe%.

He "ea" ngli"h very+ell.

bom (good/male)# %af (n*o) e"t2 muitobo%.

$he %offee i" (not) verygood.

boa(good/female)

Aoaidia! Goodidea!

1. e>o>a

$ry to gra" the %orre%t u"e of de/do/daa" early a" o""ible be%au"ethe"e reo"ition" are fre"as


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5n -ortugue"e, number" E and R (al"o number" %ontaining number Eand R lie RE, RR, =E, =R, et%.) and from R>>0S>> are feminine if theyare followed by a feminine noun. However, if they are u"ed a" number"or followed by a ma"%uline noun, they are never u"ed in the feminineform.

OIS>U-S PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

doi" (two male)oisingre""o", orfavor.

T+o ti%et", lea"e.

dua" (two female) "as%erveKa", orfavor.

T+obeer", lea"e.

21. Gente>- gente

Gente(eole) and a gente(we/u") are often %onfu"ed in -ortugue"e.Gentei" u"ually u"ed without the definite arti%le, it i" un%ountable andit" "ynonym i"pessoa*s+while a gentei" a %ollo- GENTE PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

gente (eole)

#i gente! Hi, e/erybody!

4o""a! :uanta gente! 8ow! 8hat a #ro+d!

$em muita gentea(UITOS PORTUGUESE ENGLISH


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invariablele trabalha %"ito. He wor" a lot.

' %a"a %"itobonita. $he hou"e i" /eryni%e.

%ountable le tem %"itosamigo". He ha" %anyfriend".

un%ountable le bebe %"ita2gua. He drin" a lot o)water.

23. PaFs>Pais>Parentes

$he"e three word" have different meaning". %as ("tre""ed on i)mean""ountry, ha" two "yllable" and it %an be "earated (pa-s) whilepaismean"parentsor .athers, ha" one "yllable and %annot be "earated.%arentes mean" relaties, not arent".

P-IS>P-S>

P-RENTESPORTUGUESE ENGLISH

a;" (%ountry) +e


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(for/by)

Fui atendido ela+ra.'na.

5 wa" eamined by+r.'nn.

-a""amo"eloaeroorto.

8e a""ed by t&eairort.

9ou viaKar (or) doi"dia".

5 will travel )ortwo day".

2'. Po"#o>Po"#os

%ou"o(little) i" an adverb, therefore invariable whilepou"o(little/afew) i" an indefinite ronoun and %an be ma"%uline or feminine(pou"o/pou"a), "ingular or lural (pou"os/pou"as).

POU8O>POU8OS PORTUGUESE ENGLISHinvariable le trabalha o"#o. He wor" little.

%ountable le tem o"#osamigo". He ha" )e+friend".

un%ountable le bebe o"#a2gua. He drin" littlewater.

2*. O 5"e>M"e>M"al

!ue, !ueand !ualhave "ometime" the "ame meaning and %anea"ily be %onfu"ed.

!ueand !ualare alway" followed by a "ubKe%t ronoun (vo%&) and averb while


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noun i" to memori1e it with it" definite arti%le.5n general noun" ending in 0oa" in "arro(%ar) or noun" referring tomale er"on" lie amigo(male friend) or animal" lie gato(male %at)are ma"%uline, and noun" ending in 0a a" in "asa(hou"e) or noun"referring to female er"on" lie amiga(female friend) or animal" lie

gata(female %at) are feminine.

2. (as#"line and 7e%inine No"ns

(-S8ULINE 7E(ININE ENGLISH

o amigo a amiga the male/female friend

o e"anhol a e"anhola the ani"h guy/lady

o rofe""or a rofe""ora the male/female tea%her

o ingl$s a inglesa the ngli"h guy/ladyo alem9o a alem9 the German guy/lady

o ai a m*e the father/mother

3. (as#"line or 7e%inine No"ns

(-S8ULINE 7E(ININE ENGLISH

o %olega a %olega the male/female %olleague

o %hefe a %hefe the male/female bo""o reArter a reArter the male/female reorter

!. No"ns "sed )or bot& %ale or )e%ale ersons and ani%als

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

a%rian3a the %hild

a%obra the "nae

'. (as#"line No"ns

5n general noun" ending in 0oare ma"%uline, but there are al"o otherending" whi%h indi%ate a noun i" ma"%uline. ven though there are"ome e%etion", in general mo"t of the word" with the"e ending" arema"%uline.


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'.1. (as#"line No"ns ending in >B4e4l4r4%

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

o "ofB the "ofa

o re"taurante the re"taurant

o hotel the hotel

o bar the bar

o tre% the train

'.2. (as#"line No"ns o) Gree origin ending in >%a

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

o %ine%a the %inema

o roble%a the roblem

o rogra%a the rogram

'.3.(ore %as#"line no"ns ending in >a

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

o dia the day

o maa the ma

o "amba the "amba

*. 7e%inine No"ns

5n generalnoun" ending in 0a are feminine, but there are al"o otherending" whi%h indi%ate a noun i" feminine.

*.1. 7e%inine No"ns ending in0ade4ge%49o4s9o4ss9o4=9o

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

a %idade the %ity

a viage% the tri


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a li9o the le""on

a mans9o the man"ion

a %onfus9o the %onfu"ion

a "ess9o the "e""iona ra=9o the rea"on

Ex#etion; o "ora23o(heart)

,. Pl"ral o) No"ns

4oun" %an be "ingular or lural. Generally, you Ku"t add 0sto mae thelural form. However, there are al"o "ome u"eful rule" whi%h "hould befollowed in order to be "tru%turally a%%urate.

SINGUL-R PLUR-L ENGLISH

a %a"a a" %a"as the hou"e/hou"e"

o Kardi% o" Kardins the garden/garden"

o ho"ital o" ho"itais the ho"ital/ho"ital"

o fA""il o" fA""eis the fo""il/fo""il"

o barril o" barris the barrel/barrel"

o m&s o" me"es the month/month"a li9o a" lies the le""on/le""on"

o 9o o" 9es the bread/loave" ofbread

o lim9o o" limes the lemon/lemon"

a m9o a" m9os the hand/hand"

Ex#etion; o4os lpis(en%il), 4nibus(bu"), et%.

0. No"n S"))ixes

5n -ortugue"e there are "uffie" whi%h %an %hange the "i1e of a noun.

0.1. i%in"ti/e(a form not u"ed in ngli"h)


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$he diminutive i" fre


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2. Ordinal N"%bers

1 rimeiro 11 d%imorimeiro 21 vig:si%orimeiro

2 "egundo 12 d%imo"egundo 22 vig:si%oegundo

3 ter%eiro 13 d%imoter%eiro 3 $rig:si%o

!


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$he "ubKe%t ronoun" are robably the mo"t fre


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re"e%t)

2.2. Re)lexi/e Prono"ns

5n -ortugue"e there are refleive verb" lie sentar-se(to "it down)whi%h are followed by the refleive ronoun se(one"elf) in theinfinitive form. ' verb i" refleive when the a%tion refer" ba% to the"ubKe%t. 5f the a%tion i" re%iro%al and it refer" to two or more eole,the refleive ronoun %an be tran"lated a" ea"h other.' refleive verb in -ortugue"e i" not alway" refleive in ngli"h. Forthi" rea"on, it aear" "trange in the beginning.

5n Bra1il, the la%ement of refleive ronoun" before the verb i" very%ommon in the "oen and al"o in the written language.x

Ti; 'lway" ut the refleive ronoun before the verb. $hi" avoid"learning any %omli%ated rule".x

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

%e my"elf

se your"elf/him"elf/her"elf/it"elf

nos our"elve"/ea%h other

se your"elve"/them"elve"/ea%h other

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

u n*o %elembro. 5 (myself)do not remember.

' gente se%onhe%eu no Bra"il. 8e metea#& ot&erin Bra1il.

2.3. Preositional Prono"ns

-reo"itional ronoun" are ronoun" u"ed in %onKun%tion with

reo"ition". ometime" reo"itional ronoun" are %ontra%tion" of theronoun and reo"ition.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

%i%4#o%igo me/with me

/o#$4si4#onsigo4ti4#ontigo you/with you


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o sen&or you

a sen&ora you

ele him

ela hern


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os as los las you

os los them

as las them

o(")/la(") are u"ed after the infinitive form. $here are two more dire%t obKe%t ronoun" (no(")/na("), but

they are rarely u"ed.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

u n*o te4o%onhe3o. 5 don6t now yo".

-ra1er em %onhe%&0lo. 5t i" a lea"ure to meet yo".

@ um ra1er te %onhe%er. 5t i" a lea"ure to meet yo".

Re%ar; ven though the dire%t obKe%t ronoun te *you) refer" to the"ubKe%t ronoun tu (you), it i" widely u"ed when referring to the"ubKe%t ronoun o"6(you) in"tead of the dire%t obKe%t ronoun o/a(you). 5t" u"e i" ea"ier and a%%etable in the %ollo


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nos Q ara n


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Re%ar; 5n -ortugue"e, art" of the body are u"ually u"ed with thedefinite arti%le, not with the o""e""ive ronoun. amleO le


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e% esteDs4esseDs4a5"eleDs

e% estaDs4essaDs4a5"elaDs

e% isto4isso4a5"ilo

in/on/at Qthi"

NesteDs nestaDs Nistoin/on/at

thi"

NesseDs nessaDs Nisso in/on/atthi"

na5"eleDs na5"elaDs Na5"iloin/on/atthat

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

9o%& tambm mora nesterdio? +o you al"o live in t&isbuilding?

le n*o trabalha mai" na5"ela

emre"a.

He no longer wor" in t&at

%omany.

!.2. e%onstrati/e Prono"ns and Preosition de

(-S8ULINE 7E(ININE NEITHER(-S8.47E(.

ENGLISH

de esteDs4esseDs4a5"eleDs

de estaDs4essaDs4a5"elaDs

de isto4isso4a5"ilo

thi"

esteDs destaDs isto thi"esseDs dessaDs isso thi"

da5"eleDs da5"elaDs a5"ilo that

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

4*o go"to destamI"i%a. 5 don6t lie t&ismu"i%.

#


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5"ais 5"ais

de 5"e%do 5"al4dos5"ais

da 5"al4dos5"ais

of whom

#"6o #"6oDs #"6aDs who"e

0ue(whi%h) i" the mo"t fre


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onde de onde ara onde where, from where, to where

5"ando when

5"antoDs 5"antaDs how mu%h, how many

ometime"!ueand !ualhave the "ame meaning in ngli"h andare u"ually %onfu"ed.0uei" alway" followed by a noun while!uali" not. 0ualu"ually imlie" a %hoi%e.

:ue"tion word" u"ing !ue(o


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tantos4tantas "o many

tal4tais u%h

todo4toda whole/entire

todos4todas every/allt"do verything

"ns4"%as "ome/about

/Brios4/Brias everal

x

Re%ar;$here are noun" that are %ountable in ngli"h, butun%ountable in -ortugue"e. amleO muitodinheiro (a lot of money),muita gente(a lot of eole).

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH-lg":%me telefonou? Ha" anyone%alled me?

9o%&" entenderam t"do? +id you under"tand e/eryt&ing?

Telling ti%e

TI(E PORTUGUESE

0; oito &oras

0;' oito e%in%o0;1 oito ede1

0;1' oito e


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5n -ortugue"e, there are different reo"ition" to tell the timedeending on the gender (ma"%uline/feminine) or number("ingular/lural).

S3o, 8s, paraas and das (it6"/at/to/from) are u"ed for luralnumber".

1, ao, para o and do(itY"/at/to/from) are u"ed only for twelveoY%lo% (meio-dia).

1, 8, para a andda (itY"/at/to/from) are u"ed for mid0night(meia-noite) and one oY%lo% (uma hora).

Saying a.%. or .%. in Port"g"ese

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

= hora" damanh*/damadrugada = a.m.

E hora datarde E .m.J hora" danoite J .m.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

$enho aula de ortugu&" Cs%in%o emeia.

5 have -ortugue"e %la"" atLO=>.

'gora s9odua" hora". It istwo o6%lo% now.

$rabalho dasZh CsLh. 5 wor )ro%ZO>> toLO>> o6%lo%.

meio0dia e meia. It istwelve thirty.

. ays o) t&e +ee

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

Da seg"nda>)eira 7onday

Da tera>)eira $ue"day

Da 5"arta>)eira 8edne"day

Da 5"inta>)eira $hur"dayDa sexta>)eira Friday

Do sBbado aturday

Do do%ingo unday

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH


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$enho aula de aerAbi%a na


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Ho6e today

Onte% ye"terday

-nteonte% the day before ye"terday

-%an&9 tomorrowdeois de a%an&9 the day after tomorrow

#edo Q de %an&9 in the morning

C tarde Q de tarde in the afternoon

C noite Q de noite in the evening

este se%ana thi" wee

se%ana assada4retrasada la"t wee/the wee before la"t

na r


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2. 8on6"gationx

$here are t&ree #on6"gations, that i", three main verb grou" in-ortugue"e.x

8ON?UG-TIONS PORTUGUESE ENGLISHverb" ending in 0ar falar to "ea

verb" ending in 0er beber to drin

9erb" ending in 0ir a""i"tir to wat%h

5t i" very imortant to di"tingui"h the ending of a verb be%au"eall regular verb" with the "ame ending follow the "ame attern.

9erb" ending in 0arare the mo"t %ommon one". $here are al"o verb" ending in 0orliepor(to ut), "ompor (to

%omo"e), supor ("uo"e), et%., but the"e verb" are irregular.3. (ood

5n -ortugue"e, the verb" are divided into t&ree %oods.

Indi#ati/e u"ed to ere"" a "ure fa%t.

S"b6"n#ti/e u"ed to ere"" an un"ure or o""ible fa%t, a wi"h, et%.

I%erati/e u"ed to ere"" a %ommand, a wi"h or an advi%e.

x

$he "ubKun%tive i" u"ed after %ertain verb", ere""ion",%onKun%tion" and adverb". 5t i" normally diffi%ult to under"tand ita" it doe" not have a %orre"onding form in ngli"h.

$he "tudy of the "ubKun%tive i" for intermediate and advan%ed"tudent", but you %an ea"ily %ommuni%ate in -ortugue"e withoutit in the early "tage.

For tho"e intere"ted in learning -ortugue"e "eriou"ly, there i" a%hater (-ortugue"e $en"e") in the -ortugue"e Grammarboowhi%h elain" in detail and give" all the rule" for u"ing the

"ubKun%tive and the other ten"e" available and u"ed in-ortugue"e.x

!. Tenses5n -ortugue"e, a ten"e %an be %alled "imle ten"e or %omound ten"e.' "imle ten"e %on"i"t" of only one verb, that i", the main verb while a%omound ten"e %on"i"t" of two verb", that i", an auiliary verb andthe main verb.
http://www.sonia-portuguese.com/text/book.htmhttp://www.sonia-portuguese.com/text/book.htm


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$he main auiliary verb" u"ed in -ortugue"e to form %omound ten"e"are estar (to be, u"ed to form %ontinuou" ten"e")P ir (to go, u"ed toform the future ten"e)P ter(to have, u"ed to form erfe%t ten"e") andser (to be, u"ed to form the a""ive voi%e).x

'. Reg"lar @erbsegular verb" have a invariable radi%al (falar0 to "ea) and are ea"yto memori1e. a%h %onKugation follow" a different, but regular attern.Below you will find an eamle of regular verb"%onKugated in allten"e" available and u"ed in -ortugue"e.'.1. Indi#ati/e Si%le Tenses

)alar(to "ea) beber (to drin) assistir(to wat%h)

resente ("imle re"ent)

fal0o beb0o a""i"t0o

fal0a beb0e a""i"t0e

fal0a%os beb0e%os a""i"t0i%os

fal0a% beb0e% a""i"t0e%

Stress;)alo/)ala/falamo"/)alam

ret:rito er)eito si%les ("imle a"t/re"ent erfe%t)

fal0ei beb0i a""i"t0i

fal0o" beb0e"

a""i"t0i"fal0a%os beb0e%os a""i"t0i%os

fal0ara% beb0era% a"""i"t0ira%

Stress;falei/falo"/falamo"/falaram

ret:rito i%er)eito (a"t imerfe%t)

fal0a/a beb0ia a""i"t0ia

fal0a/a beb0ia a""i"t0ia

fal0B/a%os beb0Fa%os a""i"t0Fa%osfal0a/a% beb0ia% a""i"t0ia%

Stress;falava/falava/falBvamo"/falavam

ret:rito %ais>5"e>er)eito si%les (a"t erfe%t)

fal0ara beb0era a""i"t0ira


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$he %onditional i" al"o a ten"e in -ortugue"e.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

u)alo 5 sea

u )alei 5 soe4&a/e soen

u )ala/a 5 soe4"sed to sea

u )alara Q tin&a )alado 5 &ad soen

u /o" )alar Q )alarei 5 a% going to4+ill sea

u )alaria 5 +o"ld sea

'.2. Indi#ati/e 8ontin"o"s Tenses

resente #ontFn"o (re"ent %ontinuou")

e"tou fal0ando e"tou beb0endo e"tou a""i"t0indo

e"t2 fal0ando e"t2 beb0endo e"t2 a""i"t0indo

e"tamo" fal0ando e"tamo" beb0endo e"tamo" a""i"t0indo

e"t*o fal0ando e"t*o beb0endo e"t*o a""i"t0indo

Stress;e"to"/e"tB/e"tamo"/e"t9oQ falando

assado #ontFn"o (a"t %ontinuou")

e"tava fal0ando e"tava beb0endo e"tava a""i"t0indoe"tava fal0ando e"tava beb0endo e"tava a""i"t0indo

e"t2vamo" fal0ando e"t2vamo" beb0endo e"t2vamo" a""i"t0indo

e"tavam fal0ando e"tavam beb0endo e"tavam a""i"t0indo

Stress;e"tava/e"tBvamo"/e"tavam Q falando

5n -ortugue"e,all verb", with the e%etion of the verb estar(tobe), %an be u"ed to form the %ontinuou" ten"e" (rogre""iveform).

$he -ortugue"e 0ndo form %orre"ond" to the ngli"h 0ing form.

$o form the 0ndo form, Ku"t dro the r from the infinitive formand add 0ndo. amleO .alar .ala M.alando(to "ea M"eaing)

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

u esto"4esta/a )alando 5 a%4+as seaing


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'.3. Indi#ati/e 8o%o"nd DPer)e#t Tenses

ret:rito er)eito #o%osto (re"ent erfe%t %ontinuou"/re"enterfe%t)

$enho fal0ado tenho beb0ido tenho a""i"t0idotem fal0ado tem beb0ido tem a""i"t0ido

$emo" fal0ado temo" beb0ido temo" a""i"t0ido

t&m fal0ado t&m beb0ido t&m a""i"t0ido

Stress;tenho/tem/temo"/t&m Q falado

ret:rito %ais>5"e>er)eito #o%osto (a"t erfe%t)

tinha fal0ado tinha beb0ido tinha a""i"t0ido

tinha fal0ado tinha beb0ido tinha a""i"t0ido

t;nhamo" fal0ado t;nhamo" beb0ido t;nhamo" a""i"t0ido

$inham fal0ado tinham beb0ido tinham a""i"t0ido

Stress;tinha/tinha/tFnhamo"/tinham Q falado

)"t"ro do resente #o%osto (future erfe%t)

terei fal0ado terei beb0ido terei a""i"t0ido

ter2 fal0ado ter2 beb0ido ter2 a""i"t0ido

teremo" fal0ado teremo" beb0ido teremo" a""i"t0ido

ter*o fal0ado ter*o beb0ido ter*o a""i"t0ido

Stress;terei/terB/teremo"/ter9oQ falado

)"t"ro do ret:rito #o%osto (%onditional erfe%t)

teria fal0ado teria beb0ido teria a""i"t0ido

teria fal0ado teria beb0ido teria a""i"t0idoter;amo" fal0ado ter;amo" beb0ido ter;amo" a""i"t0ido

$eriam fal0ado teriam beb0ido teriam a""i"t0ido

Stress;teria/teria/terFamo"/teriam Q falado

$he a"t erfe%t %omound ten"e i" referred to the a"t erfe%t"imle ten"e.


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$he future erfe%t, normally "een in the written form, i" rarelyu"ed.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

u ten&o )alado 5 &a/e soen4been seaingu tin&a )alado Q )alara 5 &ad soen

u terei )alado 5 +ill &a/e soen

u teria )alado 5 +o"ld &a/e soen

'.!. S"b6"n#ti/e Si%le Tenses

resente do s"b6"nti/o (re"ent "ubKun%tive)

fal0e beb0a a""i"t0afal0e beb0a a""i"t0a

fal0e%os beb0a%os a""i"t0a%os

fal0e% beb0a% a""i"t0a%

Stress;)ale/)ale/falemo"/)alem

i%er)eito do s"b6"nti/o (imerfe%t "ubKun%tive)

fal0asse beb0esse a""i"t0isse

fal0asse beb0esse a""i"t0issefal0Bsse%os beb0$sse%os a""i"t0Fsse%os

fal0asse% beb0esse% a""i"t0isse%

Stress;fala""e/fala""e/falB""emo"/fala""em

)"t"ro si%les do s"b6"nti/o (future "ubKun%tive)

fal0ar beb0er a""i"t0ir


fal0ar%os beb0er%os a""i"t0ir%os

fal0are% beb0ere% a""i"t0ire%

Stress;falar/falar/falarmo"/falarem

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

$alve1 eu )ale 7aybe 5 +illsea


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e eu )alasse 5f 5soe

:uando eu )alar 8henever 5 sea

'.'. S"b6"n#ti/e 8ontin"o"s Tenses

resente #ontFn"o do s"b6"nti/o (re"ent %ontinuou" "ubKun%tive)

e"teKa fal0ando e"teKa beb0endo e"teKa a""i"t0indo

e"teKa fal0ando e"teKa beb0endo e"teKa a""i"t0indo

e"teKamo" fal0ando e"teKamo" beb0endo e"teKamo" a""i"t0indo

e"teKam fal0ando e"teKam beb0endo e"teKam a""i"t0indo

Stress;e"teKa/e"teKa/e"te6amo"/e"teKam Q falando

assado #ontFn"o do s"b6"nti/o (a"t %ontinuou" "ubKun%tive)e"tive""e fal0ando e"tive""e beb0endo e"tive""e a""i"t0indo

e"tive""e fal0ando e"tive""e beb0endo e"tive""e a""i"t0indo

e"tiv""emo" fal0andoe"tiv""emo" beb0endo

e"tiv""emo" a""i"t0indo

e"tive""em fal0ando e"tive""em beb0endo e"tive""em a""i"t0indo

Stress;e"ti/e""e/e"ti/e""e/e"ti/:""emo"/e"ti/e""em Q falando

)"t"ro #ontFn"o do s"b6"nti/o (future %ontinuou" "ubKun%tive)e"tiver fal0ando e"tiver beb0endo e"tiver a""i"t0indo

e"tiver fal0ando e"tiver beb0endo e"tiver a""i"t0indo

e"tivermo" fal0ando e"tivermo" beb0endo e"tivermo" a""i"t0indo

e"tiverem fal0ando e"tiverem beb0endo e"tiverem a""i"t0indo

Stress; e"ti/er/e"ti/er/e"ti/ermo"/e"ti/erem Q falando

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

$alve1 eu este6a )alando 7aybe 5 a% seainge eu esti/esse )alando 5f 5+ere seaing

:uando eu esti/er )alando 8hen 5 a% seaing

'.*. S"b6"n#ti/e 8o%o"nd Tenses

ret:rito er)eito do s"b6"nti/o (re"ent erfe%t "ubKun%tive)


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tenha fal0ado tenha beb0ido tenha a""i"t0ido

tenha fal0ado tenha beb0ido tenha a""i"t0ido

tenhamo" fal0ado tenhamo" beb0ido tenhamo" a""i"t0ido

tenham fal0ado tenham beb0ido tenham a""i"t0idoStress;tenha/tenha/ten&amo"/tenham Q falado

ret:rito %ais>5"e>er)eito do s"b6"nti/o (a"t erfe%t"ubKun%tive)

tive""e fal0ado tive""e beb0ido tive""e a""i"t0ido

tive""e fal0ado tive""e beb0ido tive""e a""i"t0ido

tiv""emo" fal0ado tiv""emo" beb0ido tiv""emo" a""i"t0ido

tive""em fal0ado tive""em beb0ido tive""em a""i"t0ido

Stress;ti/e""e/ti/e""e/ti/:""emo"/ti/e""em Q falado

)"t"ro #o%osto do s"b6"nti/o (future erfe%t "ubKun%tive)

tiver fal0ado tiver beb0ido tiver a""i"t0ido

tiver fal0ado tiver beb0ido tiver a""i"t0ido

tivermo" fal0ado tivermo" beb0ido tivermo" a""i"t0ido

tiverem fal0ado tiverem beb0ido tiverem a""i"t0ido

Stress;ti/er/ti/er/ti/ermo"/ti/erem Q faladoPORTUGUESE ENGLISH

$alve1 eu ten&a )alado 7aybe 5 &a/e soen

e eu ti/esse )alado 5f 5&ad soen

:uando eu ti/er )alado 8henever 5&a/esoen

'.,. I%erati/e D#o%%and

i%erati/o(%ommand)fal0aX fal0e beb0eX beb0a a""i"t0eX a""i"t0a

fal0e% beb0a% a""i"ta%

Stress;)ala/)ale/)alem


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5n Bra1il, there are two "ingular form" for ere""ing the%ommand. $he fir"t one (.ala) i" widely u"ed in the "oen andthe "e%ond one (.ale) in the written language.

$here i" one more form (.alemos/bebamos/assistamos) whi%hrefer" to the "ubKe%t ronoun ns(we), but it i" rarely u"ed.

$here i" no need to learn it e%et for 5amos(et6" go).

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

(4*o) )ala4)ale4)ale% (+o not) sea

'.0. Personal In)initi/e

in)initi/o essoal resente si%les(er"onal infinitive 0 "imleform)


fal0ar beb0er a""i"t0irfal0ar%os beb0er%os a""i"t0ir%os

fal0are% beb0ere% a""i"t0ire%

Stress;falar/falar/falarmo"/falarem

in)initi/o essoal ret:rito #o%osto (er"onal infinitive 0%omound form)

ter fal0ado ter beb0ido ter a""i"t0ido

ter fal0ado ter beb0ido ter a""i"t0idotermo" fal0ado termo" beb0ido termo" a""i"t0ido

terem fal0ado terem beb0ido terem a""i"t0ido

Stress;ter/ter/termo"/terem Q falado

$he er"onal infinitive i" a feature available only in the-ortugue"e language.

$he er"onal infinitive i" ea"y to %onfu"e with the future"ubKun%tive be%au"e the regular verb" have the "ame form inboth ten"e", but the rule" for u"ing the er"onal infinitive andthe future "ubKun%tive are %omletely different.

For tho"e intere"ted in learning -ortugue"e "eriou"ly, there i" a%hater (-ortugue"e $en"e") in the -ortugue"e Grammarboowhi%h elain" in detail and give all the rule" for u"ing theer"onal infinitive and the other ten"e" available and u"ed in-ortugue"e.
http://www.sonia-portuguese.com/text/book.htmhttp://www.sonia-portuguese.com/text/book.htm


55/61

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

+eoi" de eu )alar 'fter 5 soe

+eoi" de eu ter )alado 'fter 5&a/e soen

'.. Parti#iles

gerndioresente(re"ent arti%ile 0 "imle form)

fal0ando beb0endo a""i"t0indo

Stress;falando

gerndioret:rito(re"ent arti%ile 0 %omound form)

tendo fal0ado tendo beb0ido tendo a""i"t0ido

Stress;tendo falado

arti#Fio(a"t arti%ile 0 regular form)

fal0ado beb0ido a""i"t0ido

Stress;falado

$he re"ent arti%ile, %alled gerund in -ortugue"e, i" u"uallyu"ed to form the %ontinuou" ten"e" and with a few verb". 5t i"not u"ed after reo"ition" and it doe" not have a noun or an

adKe%tive fun%tion a" in ngli"h. $he a"t arti%ile %an be reg"lar or irreg"lara" in ngli"h. 5n

fa%t, there are only a few fre


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5n -ortugue"e, a verb %an be regular in one ten"e, but irregular inanother. 9erb ter *to hae+, for eamle, i" irregular in the re"ent anda"t ten"e", but regular in the future, %ontinuou", %onditional and%omound erfe%t) ten"e". For tho"e intere"ted in learning -ortugue"e"eriou"ly, there i" a %hater (-ortugue"e 9erb") in the -ortugue"e

Grammarboo whi%h re"ent" table" of regular and irregular verb",%onKugated in all ten"e" available and u"ed in -ortugue"e.*.1. Indi#ati/e

ter (to have)

gerndio4resent arti#ile;tendo arti#Fio4ast arti#ile;tido

resente"imle re"ent

er)eitosi%les"imle a"t

i%er)eitoa"t imerfe%t

)"t"ro"imle future

tenho tive tinha vou ter

tem teve tinha vai ter

temo" tivemo" t;nhamo" vamo" ter

t&m tiveram tinham v*o ter

resente #ontFn"ore"ent %ontinuou"

assado#ontFn"oa"t%ontinuou"

)"t"ro doresente"imle future

)"t"ro doret:ritore"ent%onditional

e"tou tendo e"tava tendo terei teria

e"t2 tendo e"tava tendo ter2 teria

e"tamo" tendoe"t2vamo"tendo

teremo" ter;amo"

e"t*o tendoe"tavamtendo

ter*o teriam

ret:rito er)eito

#o%ostore".erf.%ont./re".erf.

ret. %ais>

5"e>er).#o%ostoa"t erfe%t

)"t"ro do

resente#o%ostofuture erfe%t

)"t"ro doret:rito

#o%ostoerfe%t%onditional

tenho tido tinha tido terei tido teria tido

tem tido tinha tido ter2 tido teria tido
http://www.sonia-portuguese.com/text/book.htmhttp://www.sonia-portuguese.com/text/book.htmhttp://www.sonia-portuguese.com/text/book.htmhttp://www.sonia-portuguese.com/text/book.htm


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temo" tido t;nhamo" tido teremo" tido ter;amo" tido

t&m tido tinham tido ter*o tido teriam tido

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

u ten&o 5 &a/e

u ti/e 5&ad

u tin&a 5 &ad4"sed to &a/e

u esto" tendo 5a% &a/ing

u esta/a tendo 5+as &a/ingu /o" ter Q terei 5 a% going to4+ill &a/e

u teria 5 +o"ld &a/e

u ten&o tido 5&a/e &ad

u tin&a tido Q ti/era 5&ad &ad

u terei tido 5+ill &a/e &ad

u teria tido 5+o"ld&a/e &ad

*.2. S"b6"n#ti/e

resente dos"b6"nti/ore"ent "ubKun%tive

i%er)eito dos"b6"nti/oimerfe%t "ubKun%tive

)"t"ro do s"b6"nti/ofuture "ubKun%tive

tenha tive""e tiver

tenha tive""e tiver

tenhamo" tiv""emo" tivermo"

tenham tive""em tiveremres. #ont. dos"b6"nti/ore"ent %ont."ubKun%tive

assado #ont. dos"b6"nti/oa"t %ontinuou""ubKun%tive

)"t"ro #ont. dos"b6"nti/ofuture %ontinuou""ubKun%tive

e"teKa tendo e"tive""e tendo e"tiver tendo


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e"teKa tendo e"tive""e tendo e"tiver tendo

e"teKamo" tendo e"tiv""emo" tendo e"tivermo" tendo

e"teKam tendo e"tive""em tendo e"tiverem tendo

ret. er)eito dos"b6"nti/ore"ent erfe%t"ubKun%tive

ret. %ais>5"e>er).do s"b6.a"t erfe%t"ubKun%tive

)"t. #o%osto dos"b6"nti/ofuture erfe%t"ubKun%tive

tenha tido tive""e tido tiver tido

tenha tido tive""e tido tiver tido

tenhamo" tido tiv""emo" tido tivermo" tido

tenham tido tive""em tido tiverem tido

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH$alve1 eu ten&a 7aybe 5&a/e

e eu ti/esse 5f 5&ad

:uando eu ti/er 8henever 5&a/e

$alve1 eu este6a tendo 7aybe 5a% &a/ing

e eu esti/esse tendo 5f 5+ere &a/ing

:uando eu esti/er tendo 8hen 5a% &a/ing

$alve1 eu ten&a tido 7aybe 5&a/e &ade eu ti/esse tido 5f 5&ad &ad

:uando eu ti/er tido 8hen 5 &a/e &ad

*.3. I%erati/e and Personal In)initi/e

i%erati/o%ommand

in)initi/o essoalsi%leser"onal infinitive

in)initi/o essoal#o%ostoer"onal infinitiveerfe%t

0 $er ter tidotem/tenha $er ter tido

(tenhamo") termo" termo" tido

tenham terem terem tido


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Re%ar;emember that the er"onal infinitive i" a feature availableonly in the -ortugue"e language and it doe" not have a %orre"ondingform in ngli"h.

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

(4*o) ten&a (+o not) &a/e+eoi" de eu ter 'fter 5 &ad

+eoi" de eu ter tido 'fter 5 &a/e &ad

,. -#ti/e and Passi/e @oi#e' verb %an be u"ed in the a%tive or in the a""ive voi%e. 5n the a%tivevoi%e the "ubKe%t doe" the a%tion while in the a""ive voi%e the "ubKe%tha" the a%tion done to it.$he a""ive voi%e %an be u"ed in all ten"e". $he verb ser(to be) i"u"ed to form the a""ive voi%e along with the a"t arti%ile of the

main verb.@OI8E PORTUGUESE ENGLISH

a%tive O %:di#o me eaminou. T&e do#tor eamined me.

a""ive7"i exa%inado (elomdi%o).

I +as exa%ined(by thedo%tor).

Be aware that in -ortugue"e in the a""ive voi%e not only the verb tobemu"t be in agreement with the obKe%t, but al"o the a"t arti%ileof the main verb mu"t al"o be in agreement with the obKe%t.

P-SSI@E @OI8E ENGLISH7"i exa%inado I +as exa%ined(male/"ingular)

7"i exa%inada I +as exa%ined(female/"ingular)

7o%os exa%inados Ke +ere exa%ined(male/lural)

7o%os exa%inadasKe +ere exa%ined(female/lural)

$he a""ive voi%e i" followed by the reo"itionpor(by), whi%h

%an varypelo*s+/pela*s+a" it mu"t agree with the "ubKe%t itrefer" to. However, thi" reo"ition i" u"ually omitted if it i" notimortant to now by whom the a%tion wa" done.

$here are a few verb" lie entregar(to deliver) for eamle,whi%h have two a"t arti%ile" (entregado/entregue0delivered), a regular one and an irregular one. $he irregular one(entregue) i" u"ed with the a""ive voi%e and the regular one(entregado) with the a%tive voi%e.


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For tho"e intere"ted in learning -ortugue"e "eriou"ly, there i" a%hater (-ortugue"e $en"e") in the -ortugue"e Grammarboowhi%h elain" in more detail the u"e of the a""ive voi%e.

Kord Order

5n general, the "tru%ture of a "enten%e in -ortugue"e doe" not differvery mu%h from ngli"h.

-@ERA SUA?E8T @ERA IRE8T OA?E8TINIRE8TOA?E8T

Onte% e" #o%rei"%a #a%isetabran#a

ara /o#$.

e"terday 5 bought a white $0"hirt for you.

Tye o) senten#es;

PORTUGUESE ENGLISH SENTEN8ES

le ameri%ano. He i" 'meri%an. "tatement

le :ameri%ano? Ishe 'meri%an?


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ngli"h, the %aital letter i" generally u"ed to begin a "enten%e,to write roer noun", et%.

$he intonation between a "tatement and a

mi tutorial brasil

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