Linguagens, Códigos e suas Tecnologias – Inglês

Ensino Médio, 1ª Série

Simple Past/ Irregular form

O SIMPLE PAST EXPRESSA AÇÃO DETERMINADA E CONCLUÍDA NO PASSADO.

EXEMPLOS:

• Nós trouxemos os livros ontem; • We brought the books yesterday.• Eu ensinei Inglês na semana passada;

• I taught English last week.• Ele pagou seus débitos no ano passado;

• He paid his accounts last year.• Eu vi quando você chegou.• I saw when you arrived.

ALGUNS ADVÉRBIOS DE TEMPO IMPORTANTES QUE DETERMINAM O PASSADO:

YESTERDAY = ONTEM;•LAST WEEK = SEMANA PASSADA;•LAST YEAR = ANO PASSADO;•LAST MONTH = MÊS PASSADO;

•THE DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY = ANTEONTEM;•TWO DAYS AGO = DOIS DIAS ATRÁS.

FORMAÇÃO: Para a formação do “Simple Past”, como regra

geral, acrescenta-se “ed” ao infinitivo sem “to”. EXEMPLO:

I need you – I needed you yesterday.Todavia, nem todos os verbos seguem essa regra.

OBSERVAÇÃO:

Os verbos que não seguem essa regra são denominados IRREGULARES, os quais serão analisados a seguir:

Ex.: I see you everyday .(Present) / I saw you last week.(Past) Eu vejo você todos os dias. / Eu vi você ontem.

OS VERBOS IRREGULARES PODEM SER:

UNIFORMES:• Ou seja, possuindo apenas uma forma para expressar o Presente, o Passado e o Particípio Passado. Exemplo:

PRESENTE PASSSADO P. PASSADO ( cut ) (cut) (cut ) Cortar Cortava/cortou Cortado

Em alguns contextos o tempo verbal será identificado pelo advérbio:•I cut carrots every day.

•Eu corto cenouras todos os dias.•I cut carrots yesterday.•Eu cortei cenouras ontem•I have cut carrots every day.

•Eu tenho cortado cenouras todos os dias.

IRREGULAR BIFORME:

Os que possuem duas formas diferentes para expressar o Presente, Passado e o Particípio

Passado.

• PRESENTE PASSSADO P. PASSADO

To bring Brought Brought• (Trazer) ( trazia) (trazido)

IRREGULAR TRIFORME: São os verbos que possuem uma forma diferente para o Presente, outra para o Passado e outra para o Particípio Passado.

EXEMPLO: PRESENTE PASSADO P. PASSADO To see Saw Seen ( Ver ) ( via/viu ) ( visto )

See some examples by clicking herehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYfn7C9gKto&feature=relmfu

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST: Diferente dos Verbos regulares, os Verbos

Irregulares são os que já possuem suas formas do Presente diferentes e/ou iguais as do passado e do Particípio Passado. Observe alguns exemplos:

PRESENTE PASSSADO P. PASSADO To awake awoke awoken ( acordar ) ( acordou ) ( Acordado )

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST-2 To be Was/ were been (Ser/ estar) (Era /Estava) (Sido/ Estado) To bring Brought Brought (Trazer) (Trazia) (Trazido) To buy Brought Brought (Comprar) (comprou) (Comprado)

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST-3 To come Came Come (Vir) (Veio) (Vindo) Can Could Could (Poder) (Podia) (Podido) To do Did Done (Fazer) (Fazia) (Feito)

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST-4

To dig Dug Dug (Cavar) (Cavava) (cavado) To dream Dreamt Dreamt (Sonhar) (Sonhava) (Sonhado) To drive Drove Driven (Dirigir) (dirigia) (Dirigido)

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST-5 To eat Ate Eaten (Comer) (Comia) (Comodo) To fight Fought Fought (Lutar) (Lutava) (Lutado) To feel Felt Felt ( Sentir) (Sentia) (Sentido) To find Found Found (Achar) (Achava) (Achado)

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST-6

• To forget Forgot Forgot/forgotten• (Esquecer) (Esquecia) (Esquecido)• To get Got Got• (Conseguir) (Conseguia) (Conseguido)• To grow Grew Grown• (Crescer) (Crescia) (Crecido)

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST-7

To hear Heard Heard (Ouvir) (Ouvia) (ouvido) To Hide Hid Hidden (Esconder) (Escondia) (Escondido) To know Knew Known(Saber/conhecer) (Sabia) (Sabido)

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST-8 To learn Learnt Learnt (Aprender) (Aprendia) (Aprendido) To mean Meant Meant (Querer dizer) (quis dizer) (Querido dizer) To run Ran Run (Correr) (Corria) (Corrido)

IRREGULAR VERBS LIST-9 To ride Rid Ridden (cavalgar) (Cavalgava) (Cavalgado) To see Saw Seen (Ver) (via) (Visto) To sing Sang Sung (Cantar) (Cantava) (Cantado) To understand Understood Understood ( Entender ) (Entendia) (Entendido)See how to pronunciate some of them by clicking here

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLbe_EaP-7A

IMPORTANTE!• A forma verbal do Simple Past só será

utilizada na Afirmativa.EXEMPLO:

I went to school yesterday.Eu fui a escola ontem.

Did you go...?Você foi...?

Main wh-words:

How / Como Where / Aonde; Onde

What / O que Who/ Quem

When/ QuandoWhy/Por que

HOW TO ASK QUESTIONS IN THE SIMPLE PAST?

• No “Simple Past”:• Adicionamos “Did” antes do sujeito da oração com o

verbo principal no infinitivo sem “to”:• EXEMPLOS:

• You WENT to Rio last week. • Where Did you GO on your last vacation?

• Exceto com os verbos: ser, estar, haver, dever e poder, com os quais a pergunta é feita pela inversão.• Ex.: You could help me. – Could you help me?

• Click here for exemples on practicing• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2v5AlmrqEug&feature=relmfu

A NEGATIVA TAMBÉM EXCLUI A FORMA DO “SIMPLE PAST”:

Exemplo: The brazilian indians knew how to survive here;

The explorers did not know about it!• Exceto com os verbos: ser, estar, haver, dever

e poder, com os quais a negativa é feita pelo acréscimo de not após os mesmos.

•Ex.: I could help you. – I could not help you?

OBSERVAÇÃO:• No “Simple Past” a forma vebal será a mesma

para todas as Pessoas do Verbo.• EXEMPLO:

I went to S. Paulo last year. You went to S. Paulo last year. He went to S. Paulo last year.

She went to S. Paulo last year. It went to S. Paulo last year.

We went to S. Paulo last year. They went to S. Paulo last year.

COMO MELHORAR A PRONÚNCIA DAS FORMAS VERBAIS DO PASSADO IRREGULAR?

Uma das dificuldades da Língua inglesa é pronunciar, não só as formas verbais, mas as palavras de uma forma geral. Assim, é necessário um estudo mais aprofundado sobre os sons da Língua Inglesa. Os melhores dicionários de Inglês trazem consigo a simbologia fonética, a qual tem sido muito útil ao esclarecimento da pronúncia do Simple Past, bem como das palavras em geral.

Clique aqui para conhecer essa ferramenta

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/

OBSERVAÇÃO:• Há verbos irregulares que são uniformes heterófonos, visto que os mesmos possuem a

mesma forma, entretanto, possuem sons diferentes.• Exemplo:

• PRESENTE PASSSADO P. PASSADO Read/ri:d/ Read /rƐd/ Read /rƐd/ Ler Lia /leu Lido

IRREGULAR ADMITINDO FORMA REGULAR:

ALGUNS VERBOS ADMITEM AS FORMAS REGULAR E IRREGULAR PARA O PASSADO E O PARTICÍPIO.

EXEMPLO:

PRESENTE PASSSADO P. PASSADOTo dream dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed

COMO HÁ MAIS DE 270 VERBOS IRREGULARES, COMECE COM OS MAIS COMUNS:

Click here for some more information on Irregular Verbs

http://www.youtube.com/user/AlexESLvid#p/u/8/XAFPfyZ8D1Q

EXERCISES:• 1- Complete the blanks with the correct Past form of

the verbs in parenthesis:• a) The boy... to school alone yesterday.(go)• b) I ...your mother at the shopping last Suturday.

(see)• c) The students ... to study hard to pass the exam last

year. (have)• d) The teacher.... The student how to spell this word

correctly last class. (teach)

The following are examples on how to use the Past Simple Tense of some verbs. Before clicking, could you guess which

ones are Irregular?

•1- I love nature.•a.loved•2- I speak English fluently.•a. spoke•3- I protect environement .•a. protected

• 4- I see you every day.• a. saw• 5- we can make it

better!• a. could• 6- We need to emprove

our English• a. needed

Read and answer:A pretty little boy.

There was a fourteen- year-old boy, who lived in London. His name was Robert. He loved to study. He had a nice family. His father´s name was Peter and his mather was Nataly. He had two brothers – Phill and John –. They were a really happy family!

Once upon a time, he knew a friend who did not think about study as he did. However, he liked him so much... And then that new friend started showing him other ‘values’, among them drug was included. That was the beggining of an end. He could know another even bigger, but not greater “family”, called Burning Gang, completly different from the lovely and responsible one that he had. It was there that he got faster to the end of his own life, by having an umpleasant experience with drugs. The story may be the same that you might have already known about.However, you can choose its end, by selecting his or her relationship.

NOW YOU ANSWER: 1- Which verbs are irregular ones.•2 – Construct five questions about the text and then discuss with your classmates about the answers.•3- Give it an outline about its sense in Portuguese.

THIS IS THE END OF THE IRREGULAR SIMPLE PAST CLASS.

• I HOPE YOU HAVE ENJOY IT!