)UA1gUNIVERSIDADE DO ALGARVE

PROVA PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE CAPACIDADE PARA FREQUÊNCIA DO ENSINOSUPERIOR DOS MAIORES DE 23 ANOS

201512016

Escola Superior de Educação e Comunicação

Licenciatura em Ciências da Comunicação

Componente Especifica de Inglês

Notas:

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Poverty — and child poverty in particular—is rising

Welfare cuts have pushed hundreds ofthousands, including more than 300,000children, belowthe poverty line since 2012, despite Tory claims to the contrary

Povedy in the UK is increasing after two years of heavy welfare cuts have helped topush hundreds of thousands of people below the breadline, according to anindependent study of the coalition government’s record.

Although middle-earners saw incomes rise marginally after 2013, policies including thebedroom tax and below-inflation benefits rises have reduced incomes for the poorest,pitching an estimated 760,000 into poverty since the last official figures were produced,according to the New Policy Institute (NPI) thinktank.

Child poverty showed the biggest increase, with 300,000 youngsters moving intohardship, reversing a fali in the headline figure recorded in the coalition’s first year. NPIestimates 29% of UK children are in poverty after housing costs.

1

The study chailenges Tory claims that child povedy has been reduced by 300,000 onthe coalitions watch. While that figure is offlcially correct, NPI says, the data on which itis based only applies to the three years between 2009 and 2012.

“The clear conclusion is that poverty in the UK is rising among ali age groups,” theNPI’s research director, Tom Maclnnes, toid the Guardian. “The trajectory over thesecond half of the coalition’s term has been a bad one. The next government, whaeverwins next week, will be dealing with worsening, deepening poverty.”

NPI undertook the study after the government refused to bring forward the pubhcationof official data which would have shown the impact on poverty figures of the majorwelfare reforms introduced in 2013, and enabled the coalition’s record to be properlyscrutinised before the election. (...)

The Child Poverty Act requires the government to reduce reiative child poverty to below10%. Latest official figures, which differ from the NPI model in that they measurepoverty before housing costs are taken into account, show that 17% of children arebelow the breadline.

Labour says it wili keep the target, though admits it is “very unlikeiy to be met”. TheConservatives say they will “work to eliminate child poverty”. The Institute for FiscalStudies has estimated that child poverty will rise ta 23% by 2020.

A person is defined as in poverty if their household income is below 60% of themedian, while “deep poverty” refers to people in households where income was lessthan 50% of the UK median.

The Guardian, Patrick Butler April 2015

A - Reading Comprehension

1 - Read the articie and decide which of these statements are true I] or false EFI.

1.1 The number of poor people in the UK has risen in the last years.

1.2 Weifare cuts are not a factor associated to the increasing of poverty.

1.3 The data on the increase of poverty in the UK carne from the speech of a pohtician.

1.4 The policies of the conservative party are responsible for the high number of poor

people in the UK.

1.5 According tothe NPI study, child poverty was reduced untfl 2012.

1.6 The government is keen to present the impact of the major welfare reforrns of 2013.

1.7 The prospects for the year 2020 are positive, regarding child poverty.

1.8 The definition of poverty has into account the UK median household income.

2

2 — Find in the text words with the following meaning:

2.1 The Conservative

2.2 a very Iow levei of income

2.3 an organization that recommends pohcies on different issues

2.4 a government formed by more than one politicai party joined together.

3 — Find in the text words with the opposite meaning of the foliowing:

3.1 improving

3.2 accepted

3.3 to increase

3.4to maintain

B — Language Use

1 — Choose the most suitable word underlined.

1.1 Ali areas of the skin are in fact covered in tiny hair/hairs.

1.2 We’ve Iooked at the menu and we’d ali hke chicken/chickens.

1.3 Jack is a miiihonaíre and owns a iot of business/businesses

1.4 None of the passengers had insured their baggagefbaggages

1.5 i’m afraid i can’t find cheap accommodation/accommodations for ali of you.

2 — identify and correct the mistakes in the foilowing sentences.

2.1 When i was young 1 had argued with my brothers and sisters ali the time.

2.2 1 use to have a bike, but 1 sold it.

2.3 if you Fsten music you can’t concentrate on your homework.

2.4 This is the most hardest task that 1 have done.

2.5 Jim hasn’t been waiting iong, was he?

3

3 — Complete each sentence with the most suitable word or phrase.

3.1 The weather was fine, and everyone was —-- the coast.

a) going in for b) making for c) joining in d) seeing about

3.2 1 was passing their house, so 1 —-Claire and Michael.

a) Dropped in on b) carne up with c) got on with d) ran into

3.3 Losing my job was a great shock, but think l’rn -— —-it.

a) seeing to b) putting up with c) standing for d) getting over

3.4 1 have had to — —--a lot of insulting behaviour from youl

a) look down on b) put up with c) stand up for d) get on with

3.5 The hotel was terrible, but the wonderful beach our disappointrnent.

a) got over b) faced up to c) saw to d) made up for

3.6 Jack has decided to -— ——the time he spends watching television.

a) run out of b) see to c) cut down on d) come up with

C — Writing (250 words)

Choose only one of the following topics:

1 — Child poverty is a problem that we normally don’t associate to countries like the UK.

Suggest measures that should be taken to avoid this issue.

2 — Imagine that you have the opportunity to work as a volunteer for an organization

that takes care of refugee children. Describe your experience and expIam why you

recornmend people should do it as well.

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