introdução à medicina may 5, 2006academic misconduct 1 introdução à medicina introdução à...

May 5, 2006academic misconduct

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Introdução à Introdução à MedicinaMedicina Introdução à Introdução à

MedicinaMedicina

GuidingGuiding Professor: Professor:

Dra. Cristina SantosDra. Cristina Santos

Work done by:

Class 5Class 5 Valente AL Peixoto A Torres B

Costa BA Ferreira BF Mesquita BF

Santos BM Santos CF Alves CM

Oliveira CM Costa CM Guerreiro C

Ponte C Silva DJ


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Medical students’ attitudes Medical students’ attitudes and reported behaviour on and reported behaviour on

academic misconductacademic misconduct

ResearchResearch WorkWork

Third Presentation – April 24, 2006Third Presentation – April 24, 2006


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Introdução à Introdução à MedicinaMedicina

IntroductionIntroduction


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HonestyHonesty

IntegrityIntegrity

ProfessionalismProfessionalism

www.impensadejacutinga.com

www.chirec.be

lists.w3.org


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Other WorksOther Works

At Dundee University Medical School an anonymous questionnaire revealed that medical students could tell right from wrong, but also that their behaviour was not what they considered right (S C Rennie and J R Crosby; Differences in medical students’ attitudes behaviour across the years; 2002).

The observation of american medical students by Sierles F et al reported that 58% of the students had

copied during exams (Sierles F, Hendrickx I, Circle S; Cheating at medical school; J Med Educ 1980 ;55:124- 125).

And what about Porto’s students??


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ObjectivesObjectives

Analyse the attitudes and reported Analyse the attitudes and reported behaviour of medical students of behaviour of medical students of

“Universidade do Porto”,“Universidade do Porto”,

““Tomorrow’s Doctors”Tomorrow’s Doctors”

Analyse the attitudes and reported behaviour of Porto’s nursing students in comparison with

medical students’.


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PARTICIPANTSPARTICIPANTS&&

METHODSMETHODS


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Target population: Porto's medical and nursing students.

Samples:

SamplingSampling

Medicine

Nursing

FMUP

ICBAS

49 / 256 1st yr students

34 / 206 3rd yr students

22 / 185 6th yr students

33 / 154 1st yr students

40 / 150 3rd yr students

20 / 115 6th yr students

39 1st yr students

40 3rd yr students

24 4th yr students

105 Students(out of 1316)

93 Students(out of 850)

105 Students(out of ?)

ESEnfSJ


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SamplingSampling

The size of the sample (n) was calculated according to the formula:

amplitude

n

PP

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The amplitude of our work is 20% and the proportion (P) is 50%

“n” is equal to 100 The confidence interval is 95%


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Random group sample• The units we inquired were classes

• Classes were randomly chosen (SPSS)

1st Year 3th Year “Seniors”

FMUP Class 4; 10; 17; 19 Class 8; 12; 15 Class 9; 16

ICBAS Class 5; 9; 15 Class 8; 13 Class 2; 10

ESEnfSJ Class c; d; f; j Class c; e Class a; d

SamplingSampling


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Data Gathering InstrumentsData Gathering Instruments

Our questionnaire is a translation and adaptation of one made by students and professors from Dundee University Medical School (Rennie SC, Crosby JR; Are ´´ tomorrow doctors`` honest? Questionnaire study exploring medical students´ attitudes and reported behaviour on academic misconduct).

The survey was made in the three faculties, to randomly chosen classes.

FMUP - From the 6th to the 10th of February 2006

ICBAS and ESEnf S.J. – From the 7th to the 20th of February


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Introdução à Introdução à MedicinaMedicinaData Gathering Data Gathering

InstrumentsInstruments

Information will be collected using two questionnaires:

for Boys

for Girls


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The Dundee University Medical School questionnaire is composed of 14 different situations. Each student should answer: yes, no or not sure.

In order to adapt the questionnaire to the target population, it was translated. New situations were added and some questions were reformulated.

QuestionnaireQuestionnaire (Model)


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Gantt Chart


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Flow chart


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Pre-TestPre-Test

Lowering the probability of occurring systematic and random errors.

Took part in the pre-test:

FMUP: 20+20 students


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Changes:

Situations and questions were reformulated (eg.: situation 19 and question III)

New situations about drinking and going out at night were added.

It was not asked what kind of punishment should be used in each situation.


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Introdução à Introdução à MedicinaMedicinaQuestionnaires Questionnaires

(definitive)(definitive)

Joana’s questionnaire (girls’)

João’s questionnaire (boys’)


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To try to measure the honesty of the students who answered the questionnaire, one last question was added:

“How honest were you answering the . questionnaire?”

Possible answerers varied from 0 to 10(0=Totally dishonest ; 10=Totally honest)

This idea only appeared later during the project, so only the last few students answered this question


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Introdução à Introdução à MedicinaMedicinaDataData Processing Processing

MethodsMethods

Collected data was inserted in SPSSSPSS

A table was formatted to this specific task


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Statistical Analysis:Statistical Analysis:

Frequency tables

Chi-Square

Syntax


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ResultsResults


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Situation 3/4/9

Situation 10/11

Situation 15/16/17/18

Situation 13/14

Analysis Project

Skipping lessons

Professional integrity

Cheating

Situation 1/2/5/6/7/8

Plagiarism

Going out at night

Alcohol related issues

Next morning tiredness

Situation 12/19


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CheatingCheating

Dundee results:

Most students disagree with cheating, but many would still do it

Dundee students report more honesty when it comes to cheating

Dundee students report more honesty when it comes to copying another student’s work


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Only half of the students who disagree with cheating would in fact not do it


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Cheating: Differences between Faculties

Copying answers in exams

0

10

20

30

40

50

Would do it Would not do it Might do it

FMUP

ICBAS

ESEnfSJ

Copying another student’s work

0102030405060708090


FMUP

ICBAS

ESEnfSJ

Data Table


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Cheating: Differences between Gender

Copying answers in the exam

0

10

20

30

40

50


Male

Female

Copying another student’s work

0

20

40

60

80

100


Male

Female

Data Table


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Cheating: Differences between Year

Copying answers in exams

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


1st Year

3rd Year

Last Year

Copying another student's work

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


1st Year

3rd Year

Last Year

Data Table


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PlagiarismPlagiarism

Dundee results:

Most students would not engage in such behaviourDundee students are more eager to practise plagiarism


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Plagiarism: Differences between Faculties

Copying texts form books/magazines and only referencing them

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


FMUP

ICBAS

ESEnfSJ


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Plagiarism: Differences between gender


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


Male

Female


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Plagiarism: Differences between Year


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


1st Year

3rd Year

Last Year


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Skipping lessonsSkipping lessons

Students agree with skipping theoretical lessons

Skipping theoretical lessons is common

practice among students

The opposite happens when it is asked about obligatory presence

lessons


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Skipping lessons : Differences between Faculties

Skipping theoretical lessons (without required presence) without motive.

0

20

40

60

80


FMUP

ICBAS

ESEnfSJ

Skipping lessons of obligatory presence without motive.

01020304050607080


FMUP

ICBAS

ESEnfSJ

Data Table


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Skipping lessons : Differences between Gender

Missed theoretical lessons (without required presence) without motive.

010

2030

4050

6070


Male

Female

Missing lessons of obligatory presence without motive

010

2030

4050

6070


Male

Female

Data Table


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Skipping lessons : Differences between Years

Skipping theoretical lessons (without required presence) without motive

01020304050607080


1st Year

3rd Year

Last Year

Skipping lessons of obligatory presence without motive

010

2030

4050

6070


1st Year

3rd Year

Last Year

Data Table


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Going out at nightGoing out at night

For most students it is OK to go out at night with lessons the following morning

Nonetheless, they would not drink too much


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Going out at night: Differences between Faculties

Going out at night with lessons in the next morning

0

10

20

30

40

50

60


FMUP

ICBAS

ESEnfSJ

Getting drunk at a party, with lessons in the following morning

01020304050607080


FMUP

ICBAS

ESEnfSJ

Data Table


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Going out at night: Differences between Gender

Going out at night with lessons in the next morning

010

2030

4050

6070


Male

Female

Getting drunk at a party, with lessons in the following morning

01020304050607080


Male

Female

Data Table


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Professional IntegrityProfessional Integrity

Dundee results:

Students would not engage in misconducts

Dundee students do not seem to praise professional integrity as much as Porto’s


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Professional integrity: Differences between Years

Describing the situation of a patient to other person, without the patient’s consent

01020304050607080


1st Year

3rd Year

Last Year

Data Table


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Introdução à Introdução à MedicinaMedicinaThe honesty of Students’ The honesty of Students’

answersanswers

Scale from 0 (totally dishonest) to 10 (totally honest)


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Main conclusionsMain conclusions

If given the chance, Porto’s heath students will copy.

Students’ behaviour is not praiseworthy when it comes to conciliate lessons with going out at night, in detriment of lessons.

Male students seem to be slightly more dishonest.

When it comes to professional integrity, there is no reason to worry about the “Doctors of tomorrow”.


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AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

Professor Doutor Altamiro da Costa PereiraDra. Cristina SantosServiço de Bioestatística e Informática MédicaFMUPICBASESEnfSJ

introdução à medicina may 5, 2006academic misconduct 1 introdução à medicina introdução à...

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