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DGIIBIT R
COMPREI{ENSIVE AREA.WIDE SEWERAGE PLAN
FOR CHESTER COUNTY
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ffiOEJruTY
PENNSYLVAI.IIA
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Comprehens iveArea-W i de
Sewerage Pl anfor
Chester CountyPennsyl van i a
The preparation of this reportwas financial ly aided through a
Federal Grant from the FarmersHome Admin i strat ion, Un i ted StatesDepartment of Agriculture, underthe Consol idated Act of 196I, asamended.
Prepared byR OY F . I/EST ON
Env i ronmentalScient ists and Eng ineers
I^/est Chester, Pennsylvania
a,gineer
2l+ June t!58
1/. 0. 2r7-O2
,,,.I'LANTA. GA, Ngld YORK. N. \"
POY F. WESTON4
}.]ARRY H, CURTINJAMES E. GERM,AIN
WALTER E. IIOOVEE, JR,JOHN I{. ROBERTSON
FRANCIS A, SANDERS. PI.,],D.!/ILLIAM D. SITMAN
VERNON T, STACK, JR,PAUL H VOODRUFF+ROBERT \O BRANDLVIILIAM K OAVIS
PITTSSURGTI. PA
ROY F. WESTONEnvrronmental
Scientists and Engineers
I426 LEI/IS LANE
tiGdii'iit.{,63ilp - pENNsyLvANtA I eJBo
AREA CODE 2t5 - 692-3030
z6 June | 968
Y/ILA{ETTE (CHICAGO), ILL"
Chester Cannty Plannlng Conmlss lon5lB North t./ing Court l-busefrtest C hester , Pennsyl van ia | 9380
CONSULTANT!
JAA6\ 0 S< COLI
vnLrrR E- strT:FtTtSirtc, Jnd
w.0. 2t7-o2
Gent I emen :
In accordance with our Agreement executed 22 June 1956 anda subsequent Addendum to thls Agreement executed 6 April1967, ROY F. WESTON is pleased to submlt thls ComprehensiveArea-l.Jlde Sewerage Plan for Chester County, Pennsylvania.
Thls Comprehensive Plan is presented as a Stage DevelopmentProgram for the next two lO-year periods, 1968 to 1978 andt978 to 1988. lt Includes reconmendations on developmentof munlclpal, multl-municipal and reglonal sewerage serviceareas. lt ls based on a compllation and analysls, by ROY
F. WESTON, of data on exlstlng facil ities, currently pro-posed sewerage plans r populatlon projections prepared byROY F. WEST0N and others, existing and proposed land useplans complled by the Plannlng Cormlssion, demonstratedsewerage needs and various previous reports and analyses,The report lncludes a projection of future seuage flows,general recormendations with regard to the col lectlon andtreatment of this sewage, and dlscusslon of pertinentmethods of admlnlstering and f inancing the recorrmendedfacil lties. Reconmendatlons pertaining to development ofreglonal or mul ti-municlpal sewage service areas are basedon servlng exlsting and probable future needs wlthin drain-age bas Ins.
Ptenni*g'S*rpeyt'Relearch/Detltlapnen/.PlotestJ:rlgineelitt.g-I>lan:and'Speti|itclir:xl'(;0,|J!ftj(lian
ROY F. WESTONEnvironmental Scientists and Engiaeers
Chester CountyPlannlng Cunmlsslon -2- 25 June 1968
We wlsh to acknowledge the excellent cooperation of allthose assoclated with thls study and with the develognentof thls plan. In particular we wish to thank the Plann-Ing Connrlsslon, lts Executlve Secretary and the CountyPlanner for the wholchearted assistance and helpful' sug-gestlons glvcn durlng the course of the study. Our ap-preclatlon ls also ortended to the Reg lonal SanitaryEnglneer, and to the varlous munlclpal officlals, prlvatesewage facll lty owners, and to thelr consultlng englneets,who furnished us wlth Infomatlon regarding existlng andplanned ser€ge facll ltles.
Vcry truly yours,
JFHW: ed
BOARD OF COTTNTY COMMISSIONERS
Theodore S .A.
J. Carl Emple
Elus f . sternStewart HustonErnest F. MacDonaldMrs. Harold L. WllsonRaymond E. PrizerThomas M. SlackWllllam B. BroslusW. Elliott IonesMerrtll L. Mordan
Joseph S' Munshower r h,i ii i;
Rubino, Chairman
(lss1 * ts72)(1951,' 1970)(19s1* l96B)(19521..r, 1968)(f 954,* l970)(1957'*, 1970)(1960,*'1968)(1962 *. I972)(1966-.Ig72l . Q
. Executlve Secretary
Louis F. Waldman
o :., o Acting Chalrman
CHE STER C OUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION
Treasurer
and County Engineer
TECHNICAL STAFF
Richard P. BylerDennis T. MlnchMildred A. WashingtonBeverly BaldwinLinda Napier
PART TIME
F. Robert BielskiKenneth JordanNancy LogueMary E. ReardonDouglas Helv1yScott TaylorPaul BeidemanPeter Smith
County PlannerArtlst and IllustratorAdmialstrative As si stantCartographic As si stantCarographic Assistant
Cartographer and Plannlng AnalystCartoqrapherClerk-TypistTypistC artographic As sistantCartoqraphic As slstantCartographic As sistantCarlographic As sistant
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
L IST OF MAPS
I NTRODUCT I ON
BACKGROUND
EXISTING AND PRESENTLY PLANNED SEI/AGE FACILITIES
Existing Publ ic Faci I itiesExisting Private Facil itiesPlanned Sewage Faci I itiesCombined Sewers in Chester County
I nd i v i dua I 0n-S i te Sys tems
Need for Additional Col lection and Treatment Faci I itiesPROPOSED SEWAGE FACILITIES
Gene ra I
Regional Systems
Coatesvi I le Regional System
Down ingtown Reg i onal System
Paol i Area Regional System
West Goshen Regional SYstem
I^/est Wh itel and Regional System
Phoenixvi I le Regional System
Mul t i -Mun ic ipal Systems
Oxford Area
\^/est Grove Area
Avondale Area
Kennett Square Area
Honeybrook Area
Parkesburg Area
South Coatesville Area
West Chester - Taylor Run Area
North Coventry Area
Spring City Area
Page
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15
15
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
( cont inued )
Municipal Systems
Atglen Borough
Elverson Borough
Sewage Treated 0utsi-de Chester County
Areas to be Served by Interim Package SewageTreatment Plants
0n-Site Sewage Disposal Systems
Areas Needing Detailed Study in the Near Future
ADM IN ISTMT ION AND F INANC ING
CONCLUS I ONS
RECOMMENDAT I ON5
APPENDlX A SchuylkiII River Basin - Recommended VJater Qual ityAPPEND lX B Interstate Stream Standards
APPENOlX C lmplementation PIan - lnterstate Waters
APPEND lX D f"laps
Pqge
71
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T5
7qt/
zA
.alv
84
o)Standards
Tab_Le
I
(
lr-
LIST OF TABLES
Title
Major Drainage Basins in ChesterCoun ty
Popul at i on and Est imates forChester County, I96}-L9W
Population Estimates for ChesterCounty, L96o, 1961+, By Regions
Projected Population of ChesterCounty Municipal ities
Soils Classification - County Map
Soi ls Classification Correlation
Agricultural Land Use in ChesterCounty, I9L;5-L96\
Agricultural Production in ChesterCounty , l..9\l+-I96f+
Existing Public Sewage TreatrnentFacil ities
Exi st ing Sewage Treatment Faci I i t iesIndustrial, Commercial, Institutional
Summary of Proposed Regional, Multi-Municipal, and Municipal TreatmentFacilities
Areas Need ing Deta i I ed Stud i es I,r/i th inthe Next Three Years
Page
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9
10
L2, 11
27
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2
il*Past, Present and Probable Future Population
Chester County, Pennsylvania
Present and Probable Future Sewered Popula-tion and Sewage FlowsChester County, Pennsylvan i a 7lr
ta
,LIST OF MAPS
Title
Pl ann ing Areas
Composite Land Use Plan
Urban Suitabil ity (soits)
Sewage Problem Areas
Existing Sewerage Faci I ities and Sewered
Existing and Future Sewered Areas
Existing and Future Sewerage Facil ities
Areas
Paqe
Append i x
Append i x
Append i x
Append ix
Append i x
Append i x
Append i x
trl
lrT'a,g9''U'f; lrqN.
.F,s'1.9,f-ov,od,
In an Agreanent enecuted 22 June 1966, and under a grant frqrthe Famers liqne Admlnlstratlon, the Chester County Plannlng Canmls-slon retalned and authorlzed ROY F. WESTON to prepare an offlclalConprchensivc Plan for munlclpal , or publ lc-type, dcmestlc sercragesystsr,s whlch should be developed, In addltlon to prcsent systgrls,to adequatcly serve the prescnt and probable future necds of ChesterCounty.
ilorever, the Pennsylvanla Sewage Fac ll ltles Act (nct 537) en-acted ln 1965 provlded that:
rrEach munlclpal ity shal I suhnlt to the Departnent (ofllea I th) an off lc la I I y adopted pl an for sew€rage systemsservlng areas wlthln its Jurlsdiction, withln suchroasonablc perlod as tha Department may prescrlbe, andshal I frcn tlme to tlme submlt revlslons of such planas may be ncgessary.rl
Urder the provlslons of the Act the Off lclal Plan shal l:
l. Del lneate ereas fn whlch Cqnmunity Sewage Systens areIn orlstencc and evaluate thelr potentlal for increas-ing ecrv lces .
2, Dcl Ineata arees where scbrage systens are planned to beavailable wlthin a ten (lO) year period and ln so dolngprovlde for the overall e<tension of cqlrmunity inter-ceptor sewcrs In a manner conslstent wlth the needsand plans of wholc areia and also provide for adequatesewage trgatment facll ltles.
3. Del ineate araas whcre ccnmunity senage systc|ns are notplanned to be avallable wlthln a ten (10) year perlodand cvaluate these areas ln terms of the sultabllltyof the soll to recelve, support and sustaln the In-stallatlon of on-lot seunge disposal systens.
*r*
Therefore, where sush detal?ed f lnanclel ctudles danonstratete€,hnlcel ly setlsfaetory, and f lnanc la? ly feaslbie, alternatlves orinterlm soiuf,lons to the reqicnaE g*.rals provlded hereln, this |4*sterPlan can be sultably amended, ar the interlm facllitles approved cna tenporary basis subject to thelr later lncluslon in approved re*glonal facll ltles.
s"ges
Frevlous reports and data heve been revlewed, general condltionsIn the varlous parts of the County have been examlned, and fleld In-vestigations have been made to obtaln necessary Informatlon relatlngto erEistlrg set*lg€ facllitles and hydraul lc and organlc toadlngs onthese facll ltles,
The report contains the findlr€s, conclusions ard recqmendatlonsbased on the study of the followlng major toplcs:
li' Past, present and probable futurc populatlon In theCounty.
2. General econcmlc conditlon of the County and thelocal goverrmental unlts,
3. Exlstlng puhl lc utll ltles servlng the County lnclud-fng transportation, u€terr gds, electrlc and cormunlca-t ion fae ll I t les, wi th spec la I anphas I s on ex lst I ngsewerag€ facll lties serving the varloars rnuniclpal ltlesof the county.
lt. lbturel resourc€s of Chester County as they may affectsewsrage needs and proposed sewerage faeilltles, withenphasis on soll suftabil lty for on-lot sewage dlsposalsys t€'Tl s .
5. Agricultural land use patterns and trends as they re-late to present and future scwerage facillties.
6" Topography of the County relatlng to drainage baslnsand to the location of regional sewerage systems andtreagnent facll ities.
7, Methods of admlnlstering, f lnancing and operatingreg lonal sewerage systeJTls
"
8, Curr*ntly prsposed plans for prcvld lng serviccs tovarious Chester County municlpal ities.
The following speclfie major cqnponents of the Comprehensive Area*t/ide Sewer Plan ar€ repotrted on hereln:
-7^
Exlst lnE Sanitarx Gmd I t lons
The 1960 Censur of Populatlon and lbuslng reported the follow-ing wlth rcAard to ranltary condltlons In Chester County:
a. Number of famll les wlth no b'athroon 2,7o\
b. lfumber of famll les uslng septlc tanksor cesspools for donrestlc msteuaterd I sposal 35 )957
Gr lfumber of famll ies not connected toa centra I wasteuater d I spoga I systern 38 ,985
In addltlon, the Pcnnsylvanla Dcpartment of Health reported thefollowlng with regard to sanitary condltlons in Chester County durlng1957:
B. ltumber of famll les otpcrienclng dlf -ficulties wlth on-slte seuege disposalsysterns suff lclent to create pol lutlonproblems (est imated) SoO
b. ltumber of famil les notlf led either byState or local lnalth off lclals eltherto correct unsanltary condltlons or toabate pollutlon of surface or groundwaters (est lmated) loo
Chester County has recently establ ished a County tlealth Depart-ment. lt is expected that actlvitles of thls newly created departmentwlll Include a substantially improved future record of local pollutlonand publ ic health problems assoclated with on-slte sewage dlsposal.
-9-
Table 2
Ponulation and Estimates for Chester County, ig6O-L99O
( ip l.,OOOrs of persons)
Planning
Ches ter
Chester
Area
Countyl
Coun ty2
b
Upper Main Line
[rest Chester
French Creek
Phoenixvi I I e
Coatesvi I I e
Down i ngtown
Honeyb rook
Avon Grove
Kennet t
Oxford 4
COUNTY TOTAL
tg6o :-965
2Lo.5 2l+2.2
2ro,T 216.6
LgTo rgT'
28o.4 )26.6
Bo.r
ol.o
26.r+
l+T.o
16.r
o2
4.)+
IO,+
15 .O
1980 Lggo
182,o
)+8eo7+
9t+.r 109.8
81.t 114.t
1r.B \T.z
4o.T 50.o
5t+.5 TT .6
\l.t+ 5L.6
rr.9 2r.2
ry.2 96.o
Lg.1 25.7
17 .\ 2t+.6r*E;*;aapil i4;+}e#{*
)+25.t+ ,79.2
35.7 \5.t 6l.t+
j6.z \j.t j1.9
16.8 rB.9 22.o
25.o ry.7 12.9
1\.6 17 .t+ hr,5
rg.g 25.r Jo.I
5.t ,.9 7.3
1l+.r L6.3 r9.4
ro .7 t-2. r- 14 .0
10.4 1r. 6 L?.g:iiilitsi;&. ;;;;;;**. :.;"4i+ir!
2[o.5 2)+6.8 ryT .5 zcz Q
lTaken from THE P0PULATION OF PENNSYLVANIA, June I, 1963Pennsyl van ia State Pl anni ng Board
2"L985 Regional Projections for the Delaware Valley r967t'Delaware Val ley Regional Planning Commission
sPopul at ion Forecasts , L96tr-2OI} , RoY F, tJESToN, Commun i ty P I ann i ngDivision, l/est Chester, Pennsy'lvania, October :.B, t96T
ntg\i Popul ation Projecti on
Projected Population
Table 4( conti nued)
of Chester County Municioal ities
l^/est NantmealHoney Brook Twp.\n/a I I aceE I versonHoneybrook Boro,
VJest MarlboroLondonder ryLondon GrovePennNew GardenNew LondonFrankl i nLondon BritainWest GroveAvonda T e
East Marl boroPenn sbu ryKennettKennett Square
0xford Subreg i on
Upper OxfordLower 0xfordEast Nott i ngham\^/est Nott inghamEl k0x fo rd
Sourcel rrPopulation Forecasts,Planning Division, ROY
196,
r,4oor,700r,2oo
5001 ,100
1,0001,O00l,LOO1 ,2Ooh,5oo
900900700
l r9ool,Loo
2,700l,4oo1,500\ ,5oo
L,f002,80o2,500I ,200
6oo1,4C,0
l95o-2oro forF. I/ESTON , 19
'l o7r)
t ,6002,loo1 ,5OOr,000r,lo0
I,toot-,ro0J,500r ,5oo4,50oI,2OO.I ZAN
1,0oo2,2OO1,5O0
t,Lool,gooJ,8005 ,200
r znn2,goo2,&ol,rO0
700l+,loo
Chester County,0ctober It5J
2,rOO7 7f\f\
2,4oo2,2OOI ,500
2,2oO2,2OOl+,9o02,TOO5,&Or Qnn
2,1OOr,9o03,nO2,400
l+,400
LOOO+rluUT 'NO
2,0o0Z EAN
,,100r 8nn1,I00i,goo
r99) I OOn
5,OO06 cnnvttvv
I+*9oo
1t)+oo2.,0O0
4,ooo),TOO8,1+oo)r 7AATtlJv
7,gOO1,2OOlr l^n
t,OoO4,0o0t,Loo
O,UUU
5,O0O7,O00R znn
t,ouu4,9o0l+,4002,gool-,70O7,100
Pennsyl van iarr, Commun i ty
FIGURE I
60o,0oo
500,ooo
400,oo0
3OO,OOO
roopo
197 5
YEAR
PA5T, PRESENT AND PR,OBABIE FUTURE
POPUTATIONCHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYTVANIA
DATA SOURCE{ POPUIATION FORCAST, I96O-2OIO FOR
CHESTER COUNTYT PENNSYLVANIA
coMMUNTTY PLANNtNG DlVlSlONrROY F WE STO N. I8 OCTOBER I967
z9
fo.o4
ROY F, WESTON W.O.217.02
-t5-
Phoenlxvil la
The Schuylklll Valley area of thls plannlng subreglon ls cx-pected to contlnuc to develop as an Industrlal and resldcntlal area.Completlon of thc Schuylkll I Exprcssuny Extenslon totrerd Pottstownr.,lll stlmulate developncnt, r/efth the populatlon Increaslrrg ct arelatlvely steady rate from 1950 to 1985. Subreglon populatlon In1985 f s expoctcd to be 451100, wlth an addltlonal 23roAO by 2010.
Despltc th€ relatlvefy steady grolrth rate for the areas as awhole, ccrtaln munlclpal ltlcs havc great€r potcntlal for growth,as thc ostlmatc3 fronr the al locatlon modcl shov*. Sprlng C lty andPhocnlxvllle are located clogc to proJected Industrlal conccntra-tlons, thus magnlfylng thclr attrectlveness. Fopulatlons for 1985in Sprlng Clty and Phoenlxvlllc arc estlmated to be 5r2o0 and 191000resp€ctlvely, refletlng the Intcnslty of the attrectlng factors ofthese tup munlcipal ltles. The surroundlng townshlps of East Plkclandand Schuylklll wlll grow mors rapldly than other townshlps bccauseof thelr proxlmlty to these Industrlal and cormcrclal areas In thesubteglon. CharlGstown and hJest PlkGland Townshlps wlll I lkely de-velop et lowGr dcnsltles than thc rest of the subreglon bccause ofpoor acc€ss and bccause of thc proscnce of much land wl th excess lveslopc or poor dralnage.
CoatGsvlllc
The growth of ltdustrlal actlvlty wcstuard along the Chesterl/al ley is o<pected to stlmulate a rapld Increase In the populatlongrowth rate after l$80, wlth a proJected 2Ol0 gross denslty of 11300persons per square mlle. Howcver, thls denslty pattern wlll not bespread evenly throughout the subregion, because certaln municlpal ltlesalong the maln transportatlon corrldor, runnlng east-west, have bctteraccess to Jobs and cormerclal servlccsr ad therefore great€r potentialfor morc concentrated populatlon growth.
A major Industrlal concentratlon is located along the rallroad-hlghuay corrldor near Coatesvflle, and artends In a segmented mannerto thc wGst near Parkesburg, Conmerclal gervlces devcloplng ln re..sponsG to inltlal populatlon growth wl l'l enhancc the potcntlal forpopulatlon growth of thls group of munlclpal ltles along the corrldor.Excessive slopes and mlnimal dlrect access to ernploymcnt opportunltlesand cqnrnercial servlces wll I tend to lower the growth potentlal In thesouthern townshlps. Populatlon growth f,or the eastern and centralportlons of the area is anpectad to be the most rapld because of theex ist lng I rrdustr lal fac I I i t les and the lr proposed orpans lon .
lnltlally, the varlous boroughs and the Clty cf Coatesvllle ereI lkely to grow nost rapldly, but increaslng pressure on thelr ultlmatepopulatlon-holdtng capacftles wllI forcc populatlon e.l(panslon intoadJacent townshlps such as Celn, Valley, and East Caln.
t7-
The subregion e st lnrates t{€re a tr loca ted ae cord lnrg tc th* ind i *vldual rnunicipalitiesr potentials for growth. Because the localhlghways lntersect at the bonouEhsr d $ignlficant potentlal forgrowth uns Indlcated by the f,orccast ns*thcd, However, it ls antic*ipated that mush of the populatlon expanslon will actually takeplaae n*arby ifi the t*wrships. This ls exempllf ied by l"loneybrookBorough gainlng 800 persons ln 2o years (tSeS-85), ln contrast tohloney Brook Township whlch ls expected to 96ln lt 1800 persons lnthe sarc tlmc perlod" Although the number of persons allocated tothe lndlvldual municlpa! ities appear substantlal and represent alarga percentage change, lt fs anticlpated that thls subregiontspopulatlon gain wlll be less than that of any of the other sub-regions studle{, fn Chester County*
Thls subregion lles wlthin the sphere of influence of New CastleCountyr 0etranere. Present density is approxlmately 150 pensons persquare milc and ls expected to Increase to 330 persons p€r squaremiXe by t985, and eo ebout i rl00 pes"sons per sque$"e mile lrr 2010,Routes I and 4l wlll offer better access to !ndustrlal concentnatlonsand opportunlties In liest Chester, Kennatt Sguare, and Hllmlngten,ln eonjunctlon wlth eurrent lndustrial evnployrnent In ty'est Grov* andAvondale, the potentlal for growth In the central areas wlll bestrengthen*d.
London Grove, New Gmrden, *nd Penn Torrtrshlps, 6s wsl I as VostGrove and Avondale, are expected to grcwmcst rapldly and ln great-est absolute amounts. The bEroughs of trlest Grove and Avondale son-&a ln Industria! and cormerclal servlce employment ihat wl I I createincreased growth potential. Slnce these boror.rghs are I lmlted ln thearrceint of persons they can accor:flodateu the pcputratlon attracted tothem by thelr industrles will extend to surroundlng townshlps, re-sul tlng in a marked Increase in the popu lat lon of Londan Grove, Net*
Garden, and Penn Townshlps. Other townshlps wll I grow at sorilewhats I onrer ra tes .
Kenne t t
This strbregion has already been affected by the growth of Newflastle County, Deiawane, end Delawere County, Pennsylvanla. Browthf,rom 1950 to 1960 occurred at a 28 pereent rate. Future growth wlllfol low thls pattern, wlth the population growth rate Increasing afterl98S- Present density !s approNirnaf,ely 280 persons per sguare mllw,whlle lg85 and 2010 gross densltles are exp*cted to be about 510 andtr,100 p*rs*ns per sguare mlle, respectlvely, reftrectifig the growthinft+:ence of the surroundlng areas as well as the growth potentlalof che erea ItEelf.
Onc lndlsatlon of thlsment of Gmmercc, Off fce of
ns In
be found tn the U. S. Depart-
_t 9_
treld canEtrs Inees $ rgporg,
-l^950:i 96port* s'hows a grGatbr cnployn'6ht 'growth hi"trne-g_tei-CE-uhty than thenatEonal *varag*" Frffii 1940 to t550, the ntmher of Jebs in ChcsterCounty Incrcassd by l4r0l7 -* 11467 rnore Jobs than the Countyrssharc of thc natfonal avcr€gr growth rate. Frcrn 1950 to 1960, thetotsl antploymant ltrreasa ups 17 r4l5 -- 7 s960 more €fun the Countyrsshare.
The Gounty enploymcnt lcvcl has contlnued to rlse, and thc In-craasG In orploymont has been accorpanled by a shf ft In lts ccnpo-sltlon. Eaploymcnt through the 60rs In the flalds of Transportatlon,Rotall Trade, Flnancc, and Servlccs has grown faster than In suchother f lelds as Agrf cul ture, t{lnlnS, Constructlon, t{enufaceurlng,and trlholcsale Tradc. Thls shlft, although sl lght, socrns to mark thebeglnnlng of a psrlod of urbanlzatlon for the reglon.
chcster county ls located ncgr thc ecnter of the dcnsely sct-tled urban raglen or megalopol ls that extcnds approxlmately fronBoston to l'fashlrEtoni lt also I lcs astrlde thc maJor transportatlonroutcs betweGn Phlladelphla and t]':e w€st. Urban land usesu such ashcavy Industrlal and hlgh-denslty rasldentlal, arc conccntratedmostly along the major trensportrtlon eorrldors tlrat I Ink thc Phlla-delphla and Wllmlngton mstropol ltan arees to other parts of thccountry.
The Llnqol n Hlglrrey (U, S. Route lt0), thc Pennsyl vanla Turnpf ke,the Pennsylvanla Rallroad maln lfne, U.S. Routes 1r 2021 322 andPcnnsylvanla Routes l0 and 4l arc the maJor transportatlon routesthrough tha County. The prlnclpal market and lndustrlal centers lnthc County hava grorrrn along thcsc rout6s at maJor rood Jur*tlons,rlvcr crosslngs and strcarfl conflucnccs. Thc older centcrs of urban-lzatlon lrrcludc Phoenlxvll le, Sprlng C lty, Downlngto*'rn, Ccatesvll l"e,ParkesburE, Kennett Squarc, Oxford and b/est Chaster, thc focal pointof the Corntyrs Internal road system.
The eastern part of the county, whlch ls closest to Phlladelphla,ls rapldly bccanlng urbanlzed as new industrlal and resldantlal landuscs have spread outmrd fron the clty. The pressure of urban de-vel*pnent ls greetest nsar the cwrmuter routes to Philadelphla, i,e.,thc Pennsylvanla Turnplkc, Schuyl hll I Expressmy and Pennsylvan laRa3!road. PaolI has been the hub of davelopncnt for many years, asthls canmunlty ls an lmporta$t rallroad termlnal and interchange,
2l-
The ccnmunlty facll!tles wllT have to be arpended and supglc-mented to meet populatlon growth both In the County and the :.cAlon.It lr probable thst ln most cases such factllttes wlll b* located lnefea6 vrhcre substgntlal tracts of opeR land are arra llable" Such aFattern of growth r.rould slgnlf lcantly affect both the technlcal andeconcrnlc feaslbll tty of pnovld Ing pubE ic uell lty servlces, such aswater and semge, In the are6s In whlch these cqrmunlty facilltlcsar@ to bc located'.
Thc typo and rate of grourth of any area and the problerns gen-erated by that groilth are, at least In part, a functlon of thc nat-ural resources or thc neturdl cnvlrorment wlth whlch that area lsendowed. The hatural resources whlch can be enpected to orert sig-nff fcant gffect on growth ln Chsstcr County Include lts alr, cl lmate,topography, solls, mlnorals, and rt€ter. The avalf abll lty and ascess-lbll lty of thesc rasources to slgnif lcant populatlon, ccmnerclal,and lldustrlal centers must be cvalmted to determlne the magnltudeand dlrection of the effects thcy wll I ocert In the future.
These cnvlrormental sharacterlstlcs should be consldered flrstIn I lght of the effccts on the potcntlal resldentlal and cornmercfaldevelopnent, ad then fron the standpoint of thc sewar needs theygenerate as thls develognent occurs. Through such a method ofevaluatlon lt should be posslble to develop a genoral lzedr reglonalplan. Thc relevance of such a plan lles In its usefulness as aguide In the davelopnent of detalled plans for smaller subrcglons,as thc speclf lc needs of local lzed areas beccrne apparent.
LIater
Posslbly the most signlficant resource frcn the standpolnt ofsc|'rer needs ls rater. Generally, a plentlful supply of readlly-obtalnable, good-quaE Ity t'tatar en€ouragcs high uater use rates andconsequently greater urrstet€ter trcatment ald dlsposal loads.
Surface lilater
The major source of water currently suppl led by publ lc r^ratersystens to consLmers ln Chester County ls surface water. Thls wateris obtalned frcm various reservolrs located both wlthln and outsldethe County, Addltlonal surface hEter supply reservolrs proposed tosupplnnent these systens would Increa$e the supply rate capabll ltyfor the area currently served. Al I but one of these proposed icser-volrs are to be located in Chegter County; the exceptlon ls thcl{ewark ProJect proposed by the U.S. Corps of Engineers. Therc are,of course, other reservoirs and dlrect rlver pumplng facll ltles whlch,
standards and tra€tment r6qulr€ments throughout the basin bc raisod"The rectrwrendod biater Sual lty Crlterla pertalnlng to Chesten Countystr@srs In thc Schuylklll Basln arc glvcn 11 Appendlx A.
The Brandy*linc Cneek tn the Fownlngtown area ls subJect tospccial coMltlons lmposcd by the Sanltary Water Board. In thls arcapresent treatroollt rcqulreinents are squlvalent to 94 percent 800 re-movai. Any addltlanal load$ngs wlll be subJect to dcealled study bythe flsalth Department, *nd tpcclf lc treatmcnt regulrernents r+ll I be setfon d lschargos.
Under present law Oelauare Rlver trlbutarles In Chester County(Chester, Crum, Rldley and Darby Crocks) are subJect to requlrementsof tbonplete treeUnsntr;as daflned by the Pennsylvania Department oftloal th and the Oclausre Rlver Basln Cqrmlsslon, The establ lslment ofstandards slmllar to those adopted for the Schuylklll Easln wlll bcthe subject of future publlc hearlngs.
Thc prescncc of ncar-surfaca ground uaater can serlously Inhlbltproper furntfonlrrg of on-lot sewage dlsposal syst€ns. 0verf low ofsuch systemg durirB wet seasons can pose a roal publ lc haalth hazardIn addltlon to the more readlly detectable problens of odors and un-slghtl Iness. The not so obvlous potentlal pol lutlon of ground weterfrcrn on-lot seunge disposal systanrs can be partlcularly serlous ln anarea llke Chester Gotrnty, wherc more thsn 40 percent of the resldentsobtaln thelr r€ter frair lnd lvldual prlvate wel I syst€ms. Fortun€tely,the rural character of that part of the,County whlch stlll relles onIndlvldual wells has prevented any large-scale consumptlon of contam-lnated ground wator. 0f partlcular lmportance, however, are scrneground water contamlnatlon problans ln the hlast Whlteland-Exton drea.llere subsurface geologlc structrlres conslst of I lmestones that contalnf ractures and solutlon channals. Seunge f lows f rcrn on-s lte d lsposalsysterns havc traveled through ths llm€ston€ volds and polluted groundr€ter suppl les In the arGa. Several wel ls r€qu lre hcavy chlorlnatlonnot{. The constructlon of publlc sewage collectlon, treatmcnt and dls-posal facll Itles would alleviatc these present ground l4nter pol lutlonproblems. tt*rever, as the Gounty grows, thls probl€rn nuy Intenslfyunless reg ional sewage d lsposal or ueter supply systens are bu I I t.lf adaqua te control s ars not lmpl crnented soon, what I s poss lbl yChester Countyis greatest resourcc -- lts relatlvely untapPedr e;(ten-slve ground suppfy -- could be seriously darnaged. Although sonewhathard, the ground wnter, wlth only mlnlmal dlsinfeetlon treatnent, iscapable of supplylnS enormous quantltlcs of water for resldentlal, con-mcrclal, and/or industrlal uses.
25-
to keep pollutants from belng dlspersed) and on the speedand d ?s'est lon of wlnd s. The I oca t lon of maJor topograph*{cal fedtur€s, suc[r as thc Rocky Mountalnsn was elso takenlnto account.
0n an annual basls, thc characterlstic rnlxing capacity ofthe alr In cach atribspherlc area ls dlfferent from thatin adjolnlng areas! but the dlfferences tend to dlmlnlshnear the boundary llnes betrroeen areas.
Thls meens that the boundery l lnes represent zones of
area5.
The meteorologlcal data used ta def Ine the at,mosphenlc' areas tprc derlved prlnclpal ly from cooperative research
conducted over the past several years by the l,tatlonalCenter for Alr Pollutfon Control of the Publ lc HealthServlce and thc Envlronmantal Scfenee Servlces Admlnlstra-tion of the Department of Conmerce,
Chester County I les In the l,lld-Atlantis Coastal area whlch hasbcen defined under the Alr Quallty Act of 1967 as followsr
'rt{ld-Atlantlc Coastal area Includes ths extreme south-v€stern part of Connectlcut; the extrerne souther partof lt{ew York State (ineludlng New York City and Longtsland), alrnst alt of New Jorsey, southeastern Pennsyl-vanla (lncludf ng Phlladelphia); al I of 0elarere, the0lstrlct of Columbla, and the eastern parts of Maryland,Vlrglnla, and North Carol Ina.rl
Afthough Chester Countyts climate does not dlffer appreclablyf rom that of much of the Hld-Atlantlc Coastal Area, certaln cl lmatlccondltions' particularly alr qual lty, are suff iciently differeit tor€rrant examlnatlon. For the npst part, the air In Chester County isclean and relatlvely unpol luted. The severe alr pol lutlon problemsbeing experlenced by rrcre Intensely-developed areas wlthln the Dela-rrnare Val lcy Roglon have not yet been felt In Chester County as awhole. There are, houever, local lzed alr pol lutlon problems.
Any substantlal unllateral effort frorn wlthln Chester County tollmlt pollutlon of the alr wruld necessarlly restrict the rate of in-dustrial growth within the County. Hotcver, lf controls are not de-veloped, the Countyrs rural envlronment may be placed in serlous Jeopardy.
7V-
fujis,ln 1953 the Chester Corrnty Plannlng eontnlssion estinleted that
approxlmetely trc-thlrds of the land area of Chester County has sotlthat is, or could caslly be made, sultable for use ds crop land, Olthis total, approxlmately 80 percent of the solls have little restric-tlcn on the type of crop other than requiring rnln<lr conservatlon prac-tlees or fertll lzatlon. Tfle remalnlng ?0 percent is sonnwhat I imltedln thc type of crop that c*n be producad and also requlres the utili-?6&lsn of more dlfffe:xlt and cxpenslve consenvffitf,sn practlces"
The remalnlng th6rd of thc County has soll dralnage or slopepnoblcms that elther severely restrlst or completely prevent tl'reiruse aE crop land. A pcrtton of thls (approximately !5 percent ofthe County land area) ls sultable f' r oscaslonal speclfic cropplng,and the remEnder is prlrrarlly sultable for grazlng, recreatlon, wlld-llfe devalopment, r€ter supplyr etc.
The well-dralned neture of the most deslrable crop land gen*nallypermlts on-lot dlsposal of resldentlal $es6g# '
provided such reslden-tial developilont !s n{m$ted to r€asonab!e }ot sizes. In same casesFthls upuld mean mfnfmu*r ?of; sizas of I tc 2 acres. Conversely, thosearea$ consldered less des9table for use as crop lands for resldentlsl-crynnerclal butldlng sltes, be it for r€asons of slope, drelnage orsome other aspect, often have the great€st need for publlc seb,agecol lection and disoosal facll lties.
A mapd I sturbed ng
I.lil5T'ncluited In the' Append lx tlr i s report . The 'nrap shswsrete&fve urban soll sultabiltty for the varlous parts of the CountythnouEh a seven-paa"t, 6slen-*oded system. The so!! sultabll lty qtps*-lfSaetfons denated bV the varlous colors are preseRted ln Table 5.
Table 5
Solls Classlflcatlon - County l{ap
gske
CIark GreenL{ght GreenVel low0nangeLlght Red0ark RedEroun
SuttableVar iab! m * pr*bably su I tablel.{azardcus * wlth ground wstsn prob?wtsCondltlonel * too shallowUnsultabl* - toa wetUnsuitable * flood plaln soilsUnsultabJe - excesslve slope and $tonlness
29-
d) Pwnly dralned so{l. :
d) Depttr to bedrock less than 3 feet{
e) Steep slopes greatcr than l5 percent.
f) Outerop coverlng rpre than l0 percent of surface.
g ) Veny stony, ':
h) Soil $use€pt{ble to floodlnE.
The Soll Conservatlon Servlce classlflcatlon system for on-slteseltagc d i sposal cr lterla ls color coded . The color code I s as fol lows:sl lght I lmltatlons are Ind lcated by green; nnderate I lmltations are ,
ind|catedbyyellow;Beverc||m|tat|onsarelndlcatedbyred.ThcPcnnsylvania State Department of Hsalth requlres an addltlonal des-lgnatlonl solls that may be r'rel I dralned but whlch present a hlghrlskofcontamInat|ngthegroundv*ater.Theco|orcodeapp||edtothese solls fs blue and they are classlfled as unsultable. Table 6 ;
shows tha corrclation be$'leen thc eolor coding system used on theChester County l{ap of Urban Sultabll lty for Bulldlngs and SepticTanksforUndlsturbedSo|lsandthccolordes|gnatlonusedbythePennsylvanla State Department of llcalth and the Soll ConservatlonServ I cg.
Tabl e 5 ''
Soi I s Classlf fcatlon Correlatlon
Color CodesPennsylvan ia StaEE--Th-ester County Plann ing ,
ClaFslflcation
Sl lght Llrnltatlons
Hoderate Limltations
Severe Limitations
Unsuitable {high rlskof ground watercontamlnat lon )
Green
Yel low
Red
Blue
Green
Llght Green
0nange, LlEht Red,Dark Red. and Broun
Yel I ow
Agr I cu I tura I
-33-
Table 8
Productlon In Chester County, 1944-196/{
Total Sales ($)(ml | | ions of dol tars)
Al I Crops
lbrtlcu! tural Spec-ial tiesl
Fleld Crops, AnlmalFeed, etc.
Vegetabl es
Llvestock and RelatedProducts
Dalry
Pou I try
0ther2
I 944
22,6
)9.5
26,9
9,2
3,\
60,5
38 .lf
I l.g
10.2
t95\
t:.,
\t,7
32,8
' g.g
2,0
56,3
34,6
9.3
12.4
| 959
4t .9
l95tl
\\,9
53.3
\2.s
10.4
0.4
46,7
10.3
l.l15.3
31. I
15,5
27 ,6
6,7
| ,2.
64.5
37,2
10. I
l7 .2
\9,7
40.9
8.0
0.8
50,3
30.4
5.0
r3.9
lMush.oor industry ls the prlnclpal component.
2lncludes beef cattle, horsesr pigs, sheepr goats, rool , rnhalr, etc.
- t5-
€Xl5T ING AND ?RtSENTLY PLANNED SEli/AGf FAC lL lT lEs
The City of Coatesvil le, nine of, the Uounty's fiftesn baroughs,and two townships havrr publ ic sewage servfee facilities. The 8or-oughs are: Dawn i ngtohxn , Kennett $quare , Oxf,ord , Parkesburg, Phoen ix-ville, Ser.rth Coatesvllle, Sprlng f ityn l,/est Chester, and l./est Grove;the 'Iownsh ips are North Cov€ntry and l{est Goshen.
Parts of East Goshen, West Goshen, Easttown, Westtoum and UwchlanTownships are served by privately owned and operated sewage facll ltles.The l{il ltovrn Dralnage Company serves a portion of East Goshen Township;the lhrth l{il I Dlsposal Company serves part of f.Jest Goshen Township;Oevon Drainage Association serves ihe Devon area of Easttown Tovrnship;the l-ionvl lle Sanitation Company serves the Llonvll !e area of UwchlanTownship; and the Westtobrn Sewer Company serves part of Westtown Town-ship, ineluding the Pennupod School.
There are also several townships which have sewage collectionsystems that transport wast€s to treatment facil ities owned and op-erated by others. Sewage from parts of Caln Townshlo (inc,luding theCoatesvll le Veterans lbspital ) and East Fal lowf ield Towtrshlp is treatedin the City of Coatesvll le sewage treatment plant. Sewage from thenortheastern part of Tredyffrin Township ls conveyed to Upper HerlonTownshlp, ltcntgonery County for treatment and disposal et the TroutRun Treatment plant. Sewage from the southeastern portlon of Tredyf-frin Townshlp ls treated at the Radnor-Haverford-lbrple sewage treat-ment plant in Delar'rare County.
The location of eech of the sewage treatment faclllties ils shownon the Existing Sewerage Facllltles and Sewered Areas map, which alsoindlcates the sewered areas served by each of the treatment plants,Table 9 | ists the owners, cormunltles sewered, degree of treatment,theoretical design capaclty o present use, and receivlng stream oftreatment facil ities currently servlng publ ic needs of the County,Each of the I isted facil itles Is briefly dlscussed below.
The fity of Coatesville sewage treatment plant has a design capa-e ity of 4 flG0 (mll t ion gal !ons per day). At the prcsent tlrne, theplant is treat ing approxirnately t MGD, includ Ing selJage gener€ted lnCaln and tast Fallowf ield Tousrships.
The treatrnent piant is of the tup-stage, hiqh-rate erickl ingf i lter type, on,J is located on the east bank of the West Branch ofBrandywine Creekn ahout 3,500 feet south of U.5. Rcute 30.
"37 *
Dcvningtoh,n owns and operates a standard-rate trlckl ing f llterplant with a des lgn capac ity of I "4 MG$. At th* present t lrne, theplant is operating ln excess of deslgn capaclty. Howcver, new finaltanks amd trlck! lng filt*r recircuXation fecll ftfes now under con-structlon wll I al I ievate the presont problern. The plant is locatedo* the *ast bank of the Fast Sranch of Bramdywlne Creek In the north-westerly co!'ner of [ast Bradford Townshlp. Effluent ls dlschargad tothe East Branch of Erandywine Creek. The krough has future plans toccnstruct il new sewage treatnent plant at a new locetion, north afthe existing plant site.
The Kennett Square Borough sewrge treatment plant ls of thetrickl ing f llter type and has a design capacity of 0.50 l,tcD. Atpresent the plant ls recelvlng approxlmately 0.489 XeO and ls lnneed of expansion. The plant ls located about 600 feet south ofQuarry Road and 600 feet west of Chandlerrs l4ill Road In KenncttTovnrsh ip. €ff luent is d lschargcd to the l,lest Eranch of tha RedClay Craek,
The 0xford Borough sewage treatment plant is located on thenorth bank of Tweed Run, a trlbutary of the Octoraro Creek about!00 feet south of Locust Street. This plant has a deslgn capacityof 0.35 itGD, is of the standard-rate trickl ing f I lter type, andpresently treats an average flow of 0,213 HGD.
The Parkesburg Sorough Authorlty owns and operates a trfckl In9filter plant located in the extreme southeastern corner of the Bor-ough, The plant has a deslgn capaclty of 0.36 l4GD and presentlytre*ts approximately 0,177 AGO. Treated effluent is discharged toa minor tributary of Buck Run.
.
The Baraugh of Phoenrixvil le sewage treatment plent is of th*activated sludge type and has a deslgn capacity of 2.0 l'4GD. Atpresene the plant receives approxinntely l.86 F{fiD and has a eon*nected population of about 151000 persons. The Borough plans toexpand the plant to 4.0 MGD to meet future needs and to serve por-tions of adjacent tovrnships. This plant is located on and dlschargestreated effluent to the Schuyi ki l I R iver.
-3 9-
arees. At presant the plant trcats approxlmately 0,29 l{GD from aconnected population erf 3 1000 people,
Tho tlest GogFren Sotrpr Authorlty operates a fxlgh-rate, tr€-stagetrlckl Ing f llter plant with a deslgn capaclty of 2"0 llGD. At presentthe plant treats approxlmately 0.60 HGD. Dlscussions are currentlyunderr,ay regardlng provlslons of scunge tr€sttnent services to resi-dcnts of East Goshen Tomshlp. Thc plant ls located adjacent to thenorth boundary line of llesttoun Tounshlp east of the PennsylvanlaRallroad, and dlscharges treated effluent E* Goose Creek"
The |brth Hll I Dlsposal Company Is a publ lc utll lty servlng ap-proxlmately 150 customers In the North Hlll sectlon of West GoshenTownship. The plant provldes complete treatm€nt of wastes. Thereis no dlscharge to a State rrrater course. The effluent Is ponded andal lored to pcrcolate Into th6 ground. The design capaclty of thefaclllty ls about 331000 gallons.per day, and tbe present flow tothe plant is nearly 27,000 gallons per day. Based on an estlmated3.5 persons per household the present populatlon served by the lbrthHill Disposal Cunpany ls 525 persons.
The Hll ltoun Dralnage cornpany, prlvatcly-ouned and operated,serves the l,/atervlew Farms and Grand Oak Run subdlvlslons In EastGoshen Torrnship. Thls plant, whlch has a deslgn capacity of 0.037MGD, presently serves 429 persons and treats approxirnately 0.030 HGD,
The plant is located about 11000 feet north of l,/est Chester Plke(Route 3), on the East Branch of Chester Creek to which It dlschargestreated affluent.
The Devon Drainage Associatlon ap€rates a prBvately-ovned sew-age treatment plant of the ortmded-aeratlon type with a design caPa-city of 0,l6 il00, The design connected populatlon ls 1,600 personsrApproxinrately 890 persons are now connected to the plant, but becauseof high intiltration, the plant now ls recelvlng flows In excess of0,.|5 MGD. The treatment plant is located In the 0evon area of East-toum Township on the east bank of a mlnor tributeny to &€rby ereek,about I,000 feet north of Sugartown Road.
The Lionvil le Sanitatlon Company, privately-ouned and operated,provldes seh€r $envlce ta the tionvil le area of Us+chlan Townshlp.
'4t -
Tabl* E *
ENlsning Sevnge TreaEnent Faell ltleslldustr lal, Conmerc lal, Instltut lonal
| ('tr )
2 r*,3ttl4
56
vI9
l0lll2t3llrt5t6t7r8r9202l2223?bz5262728to303l72333435
lhme
Oa kl e lgh t4ab I I e Homes Park0wen J. Roberts SchoolTurnerrs Trailer GrovcPennhurst Scl'roolPh I ladel phta Elactr lc ConpanyGul f 0l I Turnplke Stat lon lb.0owningtown Hotor InnFoote llineral CcnpanyGreat Valley High SchoolBurroughs Corporationt{yeth Laborator iestlhite Hotor Cctpanylrnmaculata CollegeCamllla l{al'lVllla t'laria House of StudlesRush Hospl talFreedcrns Fourdatlon at Val leyGulf 0ll Turnplke Statlon ]b.Paol I Industrlal ParkDownl r€town .,lolnt ElenrentaryEmbreev i I le State llospltalChester County Honetbrth Junion Hlgh SchoolWesttown SchoolRadley Run Country ClubLlncoln UnfversltyAvon Grove Trallar farkLongwood GardensDown lng town Industr la I SchoolChatl'ram AcresChadds Ford Elernentary SchoolSproul -LcedsScott-Taylor, lrrc.
South Coventry TownshlpSouth Coventry TownshlpEast Coventry TownshipEast Vlncent TownshlpEast Plkeland Townshlpt'lallace TownshipEast Caln Townshlpl,lest Wh i teland Tor'rnsh lpEast h,hl teland TownshipEast llh iteland Townsh lpEast Whlteland TownshipWest Whiteland TownshipEast I./hiteland Townsh ipEast llhlteland TownshipEast !/hlteland Towrtshlptrlll lstown TownshipSchuylkill TownshlpTredyffr in TownshlpTredyffrln TownshlpWest Bradford Tovlnshlptlewl In TournshipPocopson TownshlpfJest Goshen Townsh lp[,lesttown TownshlpBlrmlngham TownshlpLower Oxford TownshlpLondon Grove TownshlpEast Marlboro TownshipEast Brandywine Tovrnsh ipLondon Grove TownshipPennsbury Tovrnsh ipWesttown Townshipl,je$ttown Townsh ipl.lest Fal lowf ie'ld TownshipSouth Coventry Township
Forge7
School
0ctoraro Schcol D istr lctFrench Creek lJal Iey Joint Schoal
{l)rermit lssued, but facll ltles are notat thls time,
c$flstructed
f3-
[asttown Torunshlp has r*sently conpleted a sewerage study whlchpresents three alternatlve collectlon and trsatment systexns. l,,|o
alternate was selected because full cost lnformatlon r,as ilot avall-able for the plans which Ineiuded particlpatlon In adJacent munlcipalsystems
"
Detalled deslgn of a sev€ge collectlon systar ls currently un-derway for the southeastern portlon of the Townshlp. East Whltelandis seeklng to be lrcluded In the proposed Tredyffrln ser,ege treatmentplant on Val ley Creek.
lloneybrook Borough
A feasibl'l lty study ccnpleted for Honeybrook Borough propos€s acollectlon systen and a sewage treaFnent facil lty, wlth the treafiftentplant to bo located ln |loneybrook Townshlp on the West Branch ofBrandywlne Creek about 800 feet south of Supfee Road.
London Grove Townshlp has recently cornpleted a feaslblllty studywhlch proposes sewerlng of the Route 4l-U.S. Route I area, and convey-inE of seeJage to the proposed Avondale Borough sewage plant for treat-ment and d isposal .
The Borough of Modena has a feaslblllty study underway at thlstlme.
l,lew Garden Township has recently conpleted detailed plans forsewering the Toughkenamon area and a portion of Route 41, conveylngseheEe to the proposed Avondale plant for treatment and disposal.This project has been deferred indeflnitely pendlng recelpt of flnan-cial asslstanee in the form of a Federal Grant,
Schuylkili T*wnship has canpleted a feaslblilty study whlch pno-poses a sol lectlon systern for certaln portlons of th€ Township andpresents two alternatives for sewage treatment: within the Township,or purnping sewage to the Phoenlxville plant for treatment and dlsposal.
,* r-
ln the aress of the County not scrved by publ lc or prlvate sys-tems I s€r.lage d lsposa I i s accompl I shed by vae,lous on*s ite or on*l otfacll lties, lncludlng septlc tanks and leachlng f lelds cr leachlngplts, c€sspools, and prlvies"
Thesc types of facll ltlas are used not only by lndlvidual lotol.rnGrs, but also by schools, Industrlegn corrmerclal establ lshnpntsand camps" In ffirny arees vrhere populatlon densit les are low andsoll condltlons are sultable, on-slte systerfls are e satlsfactorymeans of sewage dlsposal, However, as populatlon growth contlnuesand densities increase, it wlll be necessary to phase out the €x-istlng on-slte systems and replace them wlth publ lc sewage facll-itles.
Th*re are many areas which ar€ cutrrently experlencing problentswith on-slte sewage dlsposal systems. These areas are shown in agen€ral ized manfter on the Sow*ge Froblern Areas map. Those .treaswhlch are near exlstlng publlc facllltles should be served by connec-tion to the publ ic collectlon systems. ln locations whlch are rela-tively renrcte from existlng facll ltles, temporary rrpackagerr treatmentfaclllties nny be requlred untll ne|,, or enlargements of exlstlng,pernonent faciI lties become feaslble.
Sewage problem Ereas shoL!ld receiva lrv-ned iate attention. Thosewhlch are within feasible reach of exlsting facll lties or could beincorporated fnto new area-wide systems, have been so shoum In theten-year and twenty-year plans presented In thls report. Those prob-lem areas that sennot feaslbly be lncorporated into exlstlng or pro-posed regional or multi-municlpal systems wlll require Indivldualsolutions, until such time as they can be served by the proposed orother future systems.
Need for Add it ionel Col lection and Treatment Faci I it ies
Chester County has a deffnite need for addltionel sewerage faeil-Ities. In general, sewerage facll lty needs fall fnto five generalcategor les:
l,* The need for expans lon of ex i st InE sewage t?'eatmentplants to serve increaslng populatlon cancefltrtstionswlthin the present Greas servad by these trestmentfacil ities.
2, The need f,on expansT*rz *T exlstlng sewage trsstmsntplants to serve additlonal areas outslde their pres*ent serylce I imits,
t7-
E FAC!LIT!ES
Gene.r_a.lq{s?|i!i!r+-
Seroge facll itles proposed for Chester Ccrnty Involve severallevels of plannlng. Plannlng for reglonal ser*erage systeins Involvesonly a few areas of the County during the study parlod (through 1988),but the reglonal systems proposed for these Erees would provlde ser-vlce to more than fifty percent of tha populatlon of Chester Countyet any glven time. Reglonal systems are proposed f,or the East and[./est branches of Brandywlne Creek In the Dounlngtourn and Coatesvllleareas, for Valley Creek In the Paoll area, for Goose Creek In thel.lest Goshen area , for Val ley Creek in the Wcst tJhiteland area, andfor thc Phoenixvf I le area. These systems uould serve multl-munlcipafneeds, generally over a large servlce area and on a dralnage baslnsca I e.
0ther multi-munlcipal proJects are recormended, but these areof relatf vely smal I areal coveraga and generally r,rould provlde ser-vlce to areas surroundfng populatlon centers" Examples of thesemultl-munlclpal systems include the Oxford and Avondale areas.
0n still smaller scale are thosa proJects whlch serve one munlc-lpallty, such as the system proposed for Elverson Borough. In therpre dlstant future (beyond the study perfod) evan slngle munlclpalsystems will most probably be expanded to serve outlylng areas. lnthe dlstant future, then, all seh,ereg€ systems In Chester founty wlllI tkely be multi-municlpal ln nature, with large reglonal systcms re-placing nEny of the smaller slngle and multl-municlpal systems recom-nrended in thls report.
Each of the proposed reglonal, multlrnunlclpal, and munlclpalsystems descrlbed above is ghown on the Exlstlng and Future SewerageFacilities map; the areas to be sewered for each period (1958-1978and 1978-19BB) are shown on the Exlstlng and Future Sewered Areas map.
Snrall-scale sewerage facll ities wlll be needed throughout theless populated ereas of the County to $erve population concentratlonswhlch develop in locations remote f rorn exlst Ing or proposed seweragesystems. These facil ities upuld consist of collectfon sewers andrrpackagerr type sewage treatment plants servlng small areas such assubdivisions. rrPackagerr treatment plants slrculd be consldered interlmsolutions to sehrage problems and shoufd be phased out at such time asIt is economlcally feaslble to connect to reglonal sewage collectlonand treatment systems. Areas requlring such facll lties are dlfflcultto predict, because they depend on the pattern of future devclopmentin the County. Several areas which requlre such facll ities at thlstlme are deseribed in this section af the report under
*49-
Coatesvll le ReElonai Systcrn
9eic.f!p-t!"sJ.
The reglonal system proposed for the Coatesvll le area rrculdserve Valley Torrnshlp, a smal I portion of tlest Caln Tounshlp, therrestcrn part of Caln Tounshlp, and the Clty of Coatesvll le. llajortrunk selrers wculd be requlred along Sucker Run to serve ValleyTounshlp and along Rock Run to servc Vallay Townghlp and l,lest CalnTounshlp. The o< lst Ing C lty of Goatesv ll le treatrent plant bpuld beincorporated Into the proposed reglonal system. Estlmated flows tothe plant upuld b 2.45 HGD by 1978 and 1.43 t{GD by 1988. The ex-istlng facillty ls adequate to trcat o(pected flows over the studypcr lod.
Thc table below shows the present seuage flows being treatedat the Coatesvll le Plant and the probable future connected popula-tlon and ser€ge flow for each munlclpal lty to be served by the pro-posed Coatcsv ll le reg lonal sev€ga treatment plant.
The Chester Co.rnty Composlte Land Use Plan Indlcates that rela-tlvely hlgh denslty development ls perrnltted north of Coatesvll lealong Pennsylvanla Route 8Z up to and Includlng the lrmedlato vlcinityof the Intersection of Pennsylyanla Route 82 and U.S. Route 322,Present population forecasts do not Indlcate Intenslve growth in thisarea durlng the study perlod, but when the area does developr it couldbe lncorporated Into the recormended Coat€svllle Area Reglonal System.
Ful iet,p,,p,l,I lX.
Ccatesvll le City
East Fal lowf ie ldTornsh ip
Val ley Torrnship
lJest Caln Tor.nshlp
Caln Tounshlp
TOTAL
PresentconnldfEd-F low
nyxJa\Je* (rc0)
tl,3q5(l) ,.oo(z) t 4 ,600 |.go |5,5oo 2.31
o,l2 2 ,2OO O.22
0.38 5,8oo 0,68
** 600 0.06
0.05 I ,600 0. 16
2,45 27 ,7OO
s '--+ |,200
3 ,8oo
t7 Jas
500
20 rl 002.00
!l ) ln"ludes East Fal lowf leld, Val ley and Cal n Townshtps12) 6al st I rrg Treatnent Plant Des lgn Capac ltyr 4 .o l4GD .
PRESENT AND PROBABLE FUTURE CONNECTED
3.\3
Down I ng townBorough
East Cal nTowns h I p
Prcscnteonncctcd F lowlqp{1fl,$,!g}. (leo}
7,200
'dtldr
| .go(l ) lorooo z.50
&ri |,300 0. 13
12, | 00 3,02
4r3oo 0.43
900 0.09
8,800 0.88
1,000 o.l0
| 978 I 988ConnectEl-Flow Conncctl?l--FlowP"qEt,lsl ler-. (rco) Lopul at lon (uco)
Ucst BradfordTownsh lp
Caln Townshlp
700 0.07
,;r*. *;r | ,200 0. | 2
Ur+chlan Townshlp i;,i/*
TOTAL
(l )er. ist lng tr€aunent
500 0.05
A!+p., tiffi
7 ,2Oo | ,80 I 3 r7oo 2,87 27 ,l}o \ ,52
plant deslgn capaclty: l.f ilcD.
In East Brandprlne Townshlp there are locallzed concentratlonsof population prlmarlly along U.S. Route 322 and In the Guthrlesvllle-Downlrptovrn lrdustrlal School Area. lt ls hlghly probable that on-slte seunge dlspoaal problems wll I develop In these locatlons. Uf -t lmatel y, thG Down I ngtourn reg lona I systcrr wl I I be extended northte rdlnto East Brandywlne, probably along U.S. Route 322 and upstreamalong Beaver Creek. lbwever, lt should be noted that lnterlm solu-tlons such as local lzed collcctlon syst€ms and rrpackage" plants wlllprobably be requlrad In East Brandywlne Townshlp untll guch ttme astharc ls sufflclent population to support cl(tenslons to the proposedreg ional system.
Thc Downlngtown Area faclllty should serve as a reglonal facllltyln the more dlstant future for most of the East Branch of BrandywlneGreek dralnage basln. Present pnpulatlon proJoctions do not lndicateheavy developnent south of Oownlngtown. There ls, therefore, no reasonto assrmc that treatrnent facil ltles would hava to be moved dobrnstreandur i rB the study per iod .
-53-
[rr11;,'e l')r! idei:a I i*n'.1
Liec;Jrlse tl:e three vrcFtern rnost munf e lpalitles, tl*mely [ast\'Jhlteland i'rrtcl 'A,'i f l istov,n To-wnships, and l.talvern Borough, ilre at D
relatively gre;tt {,istance {approxinutely B nrl }es) f rom the proposeciregional plant it is feit that a techntcally and econsmically feas-ible alternfftive exlsts far the proposed reglanal systern.
The al ternatlve conslsts of Tiedyf tr in and Easttcum Tor^rnshipsfollowlng the reg?onal plan, as sho'rrn, wlth l.{llllsto$n, East White-land, and f{alvern sharlng a Jolnt plant on Little Val}ey Creek, Aplant on Little Va'l ley Creek would have to be of the tertiary treat-ment typ6. |.lheth*r thls alternetlve ls feasible or not can onlv bedeterrnlned by a detailcd study of the teshnfcal and fX*anclal aspeetrof the two plans"
An additional alternative avallable to Easttown Torvnship r^ouiriinvolve conveying sewage to the Badnor-Haverford-llarple Authoritytreatment facilities. As befmre, a detalled study is requlred te:detet'n{ne whlch of the avallabls altsrnaf ives ls nsost benef lciel toEastt*wn Tornship.
l,/est Goshen R lona I stem--lr/est Chester Goose Creek Plant
lrr th i s reg iona I systern, the ex i st l::g Hest Goshen p lant trou I d
be a reglonal sewage treatment faclllty servlng \,lest Goshen Townshio.East Goshen Township, small portlons of WIII istohn Townshlp, and part:;of Westtorm Town*hip. The llest Chester Borough Goose Creek SewageTreatment Flant c6paclty ls not expected to be exceeded durinE thestl.rdy period, Seyord the study periad, if Zt ls sti 1l f easible tnoperate the West Chester Gopse Creek Plant, excess flows nuy be by*passed to the \./est Goshen Reglonal Facility.
l4ost of the erea to be served ln llest Goshen can be re*ched b.;extensions to the ex?sting sy$tem. New trunk sewers r.nuld be re-qtrlred in East fioshen Tcwnship along the [asfi Sranch of RIdley Creel<!nto l'/illlstou,n Township, Yhe areas in l,iasttown Townshlp *rluld 5eservs{.| by sub-trunk sewers" Sewage col lected unu ld be pumped ta tirel.lest 6oshe,n Pl ant " \,lhen the fac i I it ies are comp leted, the Ml I i to'r,tiDrainage Company, the 'ilesttowh Sewer Company, and the *'Jesttown Schoolsewage tt'eatment p'l e nts should be abandaned. The requ Ired capacityof tlre '#ast Gcrahem reg iona 1 treatment p ?ant bou ld be 2. l 5 HGD by ) ?,tiland 4"50 McD by l;q88. The [ebles below Xist the present and probabir:futur* sewered poruiations and the probable sewage flows for each ofthe fiunicipaliiies to be served by the lrest Goshen regional systen,an<J by the \{est Chester Goose Creek treatr'rent f ac Il ity,
'55-
PRTSENT ANO PROBABLf FUTUR,E CONNECTED
w"Present 1978 l9B8
connffiFlow ConnectilFlow Connect-ec Fiow(Nco) (Heo) l;*g|tdest C fresterEorough (Goose ,, \ci"et-nrea) 8,40e(l) I "20[;J 9,i00 t.30 t0,200 t.4i
Additlonal Students(res ldent and com- - /,, \ /,, 1muter) *_ *: 4,600 0.29 \{ t g rZOO 0.56 rtr
T'TAL trm ; l;; ; ffi;(l)estinated"
1'llncludes flow from West Chester State College./z I\r'Existing treatment plant deslgn capaclty: 2.00 HGD.
,t.\\"/Based on 75 gpcd for resldent students; 20 gpcd.
Future Conslderations
It is not economically feaslble to phase out the West ChesterGoose Creek Plant durlng the study perlod. However, operatlon oftlrc plants in relatively close proxlmity to each other is not ef-flclent from both an economic standpolnt and an operatlonal stand-palnt. Therefore, lt ls recormended that t,/hen f low to the fJestChester Goose Creek facll lty exceeds the present design capacityexcess f lows be by-passed to the l./est Goshen Reglonal Fac ll lty.lf, beyond the study perlod, lt becomes feaslble to phase out theWest Chester plant lt should be abandoned.
Beyond the study period, as population densities In the lowerpart of the Goase Cneek $asin incnease and additlonal growth takesplace In the northwestern part of Delaware County, it ls probablethat any treatnnsflt plants In Chester 0ounty s*rvlng this partlcularregion and drainage basin will be phased out, wlth sewage flows beingconveyed to Del aware County for treatr:tent and d I sposa I at a i argerreEional facll Ity. llourever, at this tlme, artd throughout the studypenlod o such an undertaking is economlcal ly unfeas ibl e. Therefore,it is naconnended that those portions of Westtown Townshlp requiringsev',ers du r lng the s tudy per_iod be served by the Vest Goshen Reg lone I
System,
57-
A'll of the areas to be served by the West Llhlteland ReglonalFacil lty I le ln the Brandywlne Creek Basln with the exceptlon ofthe Eagle area of Upper th,richlan To,r^rnship. The proposed service areain Upper Urvchlan Townshlp I les In the Plcklng Creok 3as In. Slncelarge scale sewerage facil ltles ln the Plcklng Creek Basln at'e noto(pected to reach upstream to the Eagle area durlng the study perlod,servlce has been provlded In the West Vhlteland Reglonal System.Sc*age from both the northern part of Utrhlan Townshlp and frcm theEagle area is to be pumpod into the reglonal syst€rt during the studyperlod. In the nore dlstant futurc thcsc pumping facll ltles may beptnsed out with gravity systerrs conveylm f lows frcm Urrrchlan Townshipto the Downingtown Reglonal Systen, and fram Upper ll*chlan Townshlpto a future Plcking Creek Basln Reglonal Systern. The presently pro-posed systern services almost the entlrE tributary dralrago basin, andIt ls not antlclpated that the Regional System would be expanded toserve other areas outside the drainagc basln.
Descr i pt lon
In thls reg lonal systanr, th exlsting Phoenixvll le sewage treat'ment plant could becsne a reglonal facillty servlng the Borough ofPhoenixvllle, East Plkeland Township, Schuylklll Townshlp, and partof Charlestown Townshlp. The presently planned expension for the ex-istlm treatment plant ls not sufflslent to serve the needs of theproposed servlce aree through the design period covered by this report.Althorgh the present plant slte ls sufflclent for a plant to gerve theconnected populatlon through thc study pcrlod, serlous conslderatlonmust be glven to the long-range proble:r of scrvlng the entlre FrerrchCrcek and Pickerlrg Creek Baslns (see Future Conslderatlons). Forthls reason conslderatlon should ba glven to a new treatment plantlocatlon on Plckerlng Creek to serve the reglonal systern or to an ad-dltlonal treagncnt plant at a new locatlon,
l"bwever, in this report the exlstlng Phoenixvllle treament plantls shown as the reglonal facll ity" The maJor new collcctlon facil ltlesrequired would bc a trunk sewer along French Creek to serve East Plke-land Tswnship, and Charlestown Township, new trunk sewcrs In SchuylklllTownship, and a pmplng statlon to punp seurage frsn the Plckerlng CreekBasln to the Phoenlxvllle treatment plant. The estlmated sewage flowsare 2.84 ilGD for 1978 and 4.20 McB for 1988. Thc table below showspresent and probable future sewage contrlbutions by the varlaug munlc-ipal ltles to be served by the Phoenlxvll le reglonal sevrage systetn,
-59-
Mul t i-Mun ic ioal Srrste*ns
FerHfgl
The noct type of area-wide sev€ge systefl to be dlscussed ismul ti-rnuniclpal ; these systeils !'puld serne more thsn one po! ltlcalsubdivlslon, but rculd not be as $xtenslve as the reglonal facil-itles described in the precedlng section. Some of the systems be-cqne muf ti<nunlclpal through the extenslon of facll ltles outhrardfrqn existlng systsns servir€ one munlcipat lty. Other systens,such as the one proposed for the Averrdale area, are ccnpletely newsystms serving adjoining munlclpai ltles.
Oxford Area
Descriptlon
The o<lstirlg Oxford Borough sewage treagnent plant urould beo<pandcd to serve areas In the lmmedlate vlclnlty of 0xford Bor-ough. lt fs orpected that by 1978 portlons of East lbttlngfnmTou'rnship and Lowcr 0xford Townshlp nrould be served by extenslonsto"the o<lsting collectlon systcrn and thc proposed expanded treat-nent faclllty. Extenslorrs to the proposed expanded systm shouldbe made by 1988 to serve addltional arcas of the two Townshlps.It ls o(pected that sehage flows to the 0xford area plant vrouldreach 0.73 ttCO by 1978 and l.l2 l{cD by 1988. Present and probablefuture connected populatlons and seuage flows are shown in the fol-lowing table for each of the munlclpal itlcs to be served,
llunic ipil-!!y-
Oxford Eorough
East ibtt Ing hamTownship
Lower OxfordTownsh i p
TOTAL
(l )r*lstlng treagnent
o.2t(l) S,loo 0,57
3*0 0.09
7SO 0.07
| 988Connccted FlowPopulatlon (xe0)+-da--l*
7, I oo o.7l
2r100 o,2l
2r 000 0.20
Present 1978Connected Flow Connccted FlowPopula,tloJ!, (Nco) .!oJt.IlE!!"g (rco)
2,200
0
U
2,?00 0,?! 7 ,300
facl! $ty deslgn capaclty:
o-73 1f,200
CI"35 ilcD.
t.!4
-6r -
and ls sltuatcd ln a good locatlon to lcrve thc upstream portlonsof thc ltlddlc Branch of l/hlte Clay Crcck dralnagc basln; popula-tlon forecasts for tha area Indlcate that major growth wlll bealong the U.S. RoJte I transportatlon corrldor rather than down-stream fron thc planti and thc pr€scnt sltc ls wcll upstream framthe proposed Clay Crcek Rosarvolr.
Addltfonally, local land usc plannlng effort has bcen dlrcctedtorrnrd €ncouraglng hlgh denslty dcvelopment In the arca betwecnUcst Grove and Avondale gcncrally along thc transportatlon corrldor.
In the future a reglonal systcm could bc dcvclopcd upstrcamfrom Dclavrare. Ho,vever, bascd on ths populatlon forccasts for thearae tho dcvclopnent of such a 3ystcn ls lmprobablo durlng tha ncxt!0 years.
a
?.Sgtrnt!fl,A new multl-munlclpal sewage system ls proposcd for the Avondale
area; lt r.puld serve Avondale Borough and adJaccnt portlons of LondonGrovc and New Garden Tovmshlps. A trunk sehnr would bo requlrcd alongRoute I and tilest State Strsct to serve London Grove Townshlp, andtrunk sclJcrs along Routo 4l and Trout Run to servs areas In New
Gardcn Totrnshlp. A pumplng statlon rrculd be rcgulred ln the Toughken-amon arca to I lft sewage from the oast€rn portlon of Toughkenaflpn tothc Trout Run trunk 3cv€r. A new seviagc treatmGnt plant unuld be lo-cated In Avondale Borough adjacent to the Gast branch of Whltc ClayCrcek. Thc estlnsted serrege f lows to the new treatmcnt facll lty for1978 and 1988 arc 0.40 tlcD and 0.62 llGD respectlvely.
Prescnt and probable future connected populatlons and sevrage flowsfor each of the munlclpalltles to be served by the system are shown lnthe fol lowlng tabl e.
63-
The enistlng Kcnnett Square Borough seb€ge treatment plantrrould be expanded to serve outlylng areas In Kennett Township,New Garden Townshlp, and East Ha.f I boro Township. The addltlonal@re€s world be served by extenslons to the e;rlstlng collectlonsystern, The probable ser€ge f lows to the proposed mul t I rnun lc lpolfacillty are 0.83 ltcD by 1978 and 1.24 HGD by i988. The presentand future coflnected populatlons and sewsge flows for each of themuniclpal ltles to be served are shown In the table below.
Presentconnffiil-Flow
| 978ConnecIEFFl ow
I 988Connected Flow
lcnnett SquareBorough
Kennett Township
East Harl boroTownsh I p
ilew GardenTownsh I p
0
0
ToTAL 5,000 o.Itg 8,300 0.83 12,400 |,2\/r \\! 'Exlsting treatment facil ity deslgn capaelty: 0.50 MGD.
The Kennett Square Eorough treatment plant was selected es anarea facll ity because of fts availabil lty and its locatlon, The ex-isting plant is focated downstre€m frqn the present populatlon centerin the Borcugh and downstream frccn the sxpected high denslty develop.ment area along the U.S. Route I transportatlon corridor- SignifleantdeveloFnent ls not antielpated south of the Borough in Kennett Town-ship. lf such developnent does occur ln the more distant f,uture, itis probable that sewer servlce would be provided by a reglonal systemextended northward frqn Deiaware. lf such a rcglcnaI systgtl does de.velop, the Kennett Square area treabnent faeility could be phased outand all sei#age flows frsn the Red Clay Creek basin could be conveyedto Delaware for treattnent and disposal.
PRESENT AND PROBABLE TIfrE CONNECTED
(MqD) Populatlon (ilGD) population -@D)....-F-
5, ooo
0
0
0
o .49 (l ) 7, ooo
o '1.;3oo
o "74
0.t3
0
0
8 ,500 0 .86
2,600 0,26
700 o,07
500 0,05
(,) -
treatment plant v\lould be ex-the Borough. Areas to be In-* Hlghland, East Fallowfleld,. the Porrcroy area of Sadsbury
burg plant for treatment anddlsposal. The estimated requlred capaclty for the enlarged Parkes-burg sewage treatment plant ls 0.61 flGD by l97B and 1.03 l4cD by 1988.The table below shows the probable connected populatlons and probablesevJags flows for each of the areas to be served for both 1978 and 1988.
Parkesburg Borough
Hlghland Townshlp
East Fal lowfleldTownsh I p
West Sadsbury
Sadsbury Tounrship
Pr€sent | 978c on n6Zff-F I ow C on nec tilF I ow
lgp_utlll*gq (tg9) , PpptlleSlpt (neo)
o,lg(l) 4,600
00
200 0"02
5oo 0.08
500 0.05
2,095
0
0
0
0
+*-;i. # :...:..*** ra--*{*kF,ra
0.18 5 1800 0.6l g,goo
des I gn capac I ty : 0.35 HGD .
| 988C on nec tEi-F I owPopulatlon (meo1-ry
6 rzoo o,62
600 0,05
500 o.o5
8oo o,tz
l,8oo o.l8
| .03
0. 45
0
T0TAL 2,095
(l)e*isting treatment facll lty
The exlsting Parkesbung Sewage Treatment Plant ls ln a rela-tively good locatlon to serve additlonal areas adJacent to the Bor-ough. Rather than abandon the exlstfng troatment plant and replaceIt wlth a new facll lty lt was declded to pump the Porreroy Helghtsand Poneroy areas of Sedsbury Township, and the Humphrelvllle areaof East Fal lowfleld Townshlp to the present plant site.
The ma.jor aflt lc lpated grawth areas I le along the U .S. Route 30transportatlon corridor and to the north in Sadsbury Township. High
PRESENT
67-
recqnmended that flows from tlodena Sorough be pumped back to the ex-istlng facillty, and the capaclty cf the exlsting faclllty be suit-ably expanded
"
Extcnslve developrent to tle south of Xodena along the Brandy-wlne Creck ls not antlcipated. lf addltlonal growth occurs ln theHephzlbah-Youngsburg area of East Fallowfleld and sewers bcesnenecessary, the area can easlly be servEd by a trunk sewer alongDennls Run ard the proposed pumplng statlon In Modena Borough.
Enlargerrent or replac€rnent of the extstlng West Chester BoroughTaylor Run Sewage Treatment Plant would be the basls for a multl-munlcipal system to serve lJest Chester Borough, the northern portionof West Goshen Township, and a srnal I part of East Bradford Tou.rnship.tlew trunk sewers upuld be requlred ln West Goshen, on€ along TaylorRun and the other along the East Branch of Chester Creek termlnatlngat a pumplng statlon near the l{est Chester Reservolr; from thls sta-tion sewage would be punped to the Taylor Run trunk sewer. The estl-mated required capaclty of the Taylor Run treatment plant ls l.3l HGD
by 1978 and 1.98 I'tcD by 1988. The fol lowlng table shows the presentand probable future connected populations and seunge flows frcnr theghree munlclpal ities.
Huniclpal ityF+!*q-#I
West ChesterBoroug h
\./est GoshenTownsh i p
East BradfordTownsh i p 100
8,200 o.80 l3,loo
fae il ity des ign eapac l.ty;fac i 1 i ty des lgn capac f.tyl
| .31 l9,Boo | .98
I .O MGD.
CI ,033 MGD .
PRESENT AND PROBABLE FUTURE CONNECTED
Present I 978Connected Flow Connected Flow(meo) (Neo) pjpula!,io,n, gggl
B,2oo(l ) o.96 (2) 9,500
5?5 o .03 {3 } 3,500
TOTAL
(lJer.imated.liiu ist ing treaa,nent$17^istinq treatrnent
0 .95
0.35
0.01
| 988Connec tEZ-Pl ow
12,000 1.20
7 ,600 o "76
200 0.02
,69*
PRESEi{T A''IO FBOEABLE FUT[,JRT CSNNgCTED
Fres** tConnEffi'--Fl ow
| 978ConnecIES--F I ow
I 988ConnectEf-Flow
florth CoventryTown sh I p
East CwentryTovrnshlp 800
9 ,4oo 0.9{
1,500 0. 16
ToTAL 3,000 0.29 6 1200 0,62 I I ,000 t. l0tr \\'/Existing treatrent facil ity deslgn capaclty: 0.50 HGD.
The dralnage area in whlch the existlng North Coventry sewagetreatnent plant ls located ls relatlvely snell. However, the mostI lkely future hlgh denslty develof'ment area I les wlthln thls area.liJith the additlon of a trunk ser,rer along a tributary to the PigeonCreek and a pumplng station, the high denslty developrnent area ofI'lcrth Coventry san be served.
An addltlonal trunk sewer and pumping statlon are requlred tosewer the northern part of East Coventry Townshlp that abuts HorthCoventry Tounshlp.
A problen area exlsts In the vlclnlty of Parker Ford In EastCoventry Townshlp. Parker Ford ls located approxlmately mid-waybetureen the I'lorth Coventry and the Spr Ing C ity sewage treatmentfacilities. 0ver the perlod of thls study it will be necessaryto Instal I a local Jzed sehege col lectlon and rrpackagerr treatmentsystern for the Parker Ford arean or devlse a plan for the convey-ance of sewage across the Schuylklll Rlver to the Llnvrood Area.A detailed feaslbility study r+ould be requlred to def Ine the npsteconomical method. lt must be noted that Parker Ford ls located atthe confluence cf the Pigeon Creek and the Schuylkill Rlver, andis the ldeal location for a future reglonal sewage tfeatment plantto serve the Pigeon Creek Drainage Basin. lf future developmentjustifies the construction of such a reglonal system, lt appearsthat I t rrpul d be reasonabl e to abandon the North Coventry treatmentplant and pump the seuage flows into a Plgeon Creek Regional Systemfor treEtment and d i sposal .
(lteo) (Heo) (mco)
3,ooo
0
s.29 (l ) F,too
4wa @
0, 54
0 .08
*71 *
The Spn'ing Clty area cystffii lws very I ittle potent[al for gro*rtfi,*rhl la the Fhcenlxvl T le Reg ionul systgrl has the potentf al to serve theentlac French Cneek Basln, For thls reason, $t would pnobably bernsB"e Beorionlcal In the rnore dist*nt fueur* to t[e the Stony CreekBasln systffi! into the larger Fhoenlxville Reglcnal System than toeontlnue to expand th* Spring City System.
cel"J1|-
Sewerage syst€rns In the followlng two areas wlll probably notbe multl<nunlclpal until scme time after 1988. Growth in these areasis not expected to be rapld enough to require seunge collection facll-ities beyond the pol itlcal I lmlts of the three municipal ltles.
The bullt-up portlons af Atglen should be sewered In the nearfuture and Borough conpletely sewered by 1988. A seurage treatmentplant should be bullt In the southeastern s€ctlon of, the Borough,with discharge of tneated effluent to Valley Creek. The estlmatedconnected populatlons for l97B and 1988 are 1,700 persons and 2,t00persons respectively. The probable sehnge flow to the proposedtreatment plant vuould be 0.17 HGD by 1978 and 0.25 HGD by 1988. Thecapaclty of the presently proposed facll ity ls 0,09 MGD" lkrwever,the estlmated 1965 population of Atglen Borough ls only 8OO persons.
It is not expected that any substantlal d<nrestlc sewerage ser-vice would be provided outslde the Borough llmlts. Hot^Jever there lsa possiblllty that an industrlal area may develop east of the Bor-ough between Upper and Lower Valley Roads. Thls area, If lt develops,unuld require sewef servlce, and agreernents could be rryorked out be-twern the Borough and the vanlous industries for the Borough to pro-vlde sewage treatment and dlsposal " Potential sehrage f lows f rorn thlsindustrlal area are not included in the projected sewrge flows forAtglen Borough, because such flows are hlghly varlable and can beproperly determined only when lt ls known what type of Industry lsto be served
"
The populated sections of Elverson should be sewered by 1978,and based on populatian projectlons for the aral, the entlre Bor-ough shouid be sewered by 1988. l*ithln the study period coveredby this report it ls not anticipated that the Borough system wouldbe extended into adjacent areas of West lbntmeal Township. Hou/ever,the proposed treatment plant locatlon, on the French Creek in Westl'lantmeal, ls suitable to serve areas In the Tournshlp whlch are be-tween the Borough and the treatnlent plant. The probable connected
PRESENT ANO
PresentConnected Flow
| 978Connect6?l-Flow
| 988Connected Flow
Hunlclpal ityfQt*fl!-F...-.+i*
(Radrror -ttaverford -Marple Area)
Tredyffrln Townshlp
TOTAL
0 ,55
0.65 8,000 0.80
8,000 o.8o
Populatlo.n (llco) Poqufatlon (ttco) lopqtatJqtr CI-cg).
:3,500
0,35
ifr*#.
0,35
6r500
5,500
350,
2 50.OOO
200,oo o
l5o,0o
FIGURE 2
1988
40
o?9
=25 -oB
r|'|(,
20<=ulvl
z9F
JDo.oL
olllctll
=1lIvl
r 96I 19v,YE AA
PR T5E NI AN D PROBABL E FUT URE
SE EREM POPTJTATIffiN AF*D S€WAGE FTOWSCHE5TEft, COU TY, PENTgYIVANIA
r oo,o00
ROY tr WE STO N W,O. 2 17 -O2
In tho next category fal I those areas that are rermte from ex-lstfng and proposcd collectlon and treatment facll ltles and cannotbe Incorporated Into reglonal systems durlng the study pcrlod. SucharGas, as was noted before, rould be served by local collectlon sys-tens and rrpackagerr type seuage treatment plants. At the present tlme,thcre are several locatlons fn the County whlch need systerns of thistype nol't. These areas can be seen on the Scwagc Problcm Areas map.Any problem areas on the map whlch are not located near or wlthln thebounds of the proposed sewered areas wlll, of necessfty, be served bylocallzed collectlon and treatment systems. The declslon to use lo-calized col lectlon systems and rrpackagerr plants In some areas ls basodprlmarlly upon financlal conslderatlons. Some problem areas, and sonnproposed medlum and high denslty developrncnt areas, are too far fromer<fstlng or proposed publlc syst€rns to be feaslbly served by such sys-tems.
In addltlon to those areas prasently experlenclng on-slta sewagedlsposal problems there are other areas whlch rrEy require lrpackagerl
seurage treatment plants. The proposed land use plan al lows for rela-tlvely dense development In several areas that are renote from theproposed area-wlde se$rerage facil lt les, lf populatlon growth doesindeed occur in these locatlons, locallzed sewsrage systems wlll berequlred. Some probable future development locatlons are: Cochran-vl I le, Russelvl I le, the Forestvl I le-Llncoln Unlverslty area, New Lon-don, F.emblesvll le, llomevll le, Pocopson, Rockvll le, the Glenmore-Springton area , Brownbacks , Lenape , ltarsha | | ton, and tlctt ingham,
rrPackagerrsewags treatment plants are available In elther steelor concrete unlts, The steel unlts are fabrlcated at the factoryand shlpped to the slte for erectlon. Concrete units are constructedat the site and equlpment for the unlts ls fabrlcated at the factoryand shipped to the site for Instal latlon.
Slngle steel unlts whlch can be shipped to the site In one orrnre pleces are avcilable ln sfzes up to about 35,000 gallons perday. Fleld erected rrpackagerr plants are aval lable In single unltsup to 1,0001000 gallons per day. When conslderlng the larger sizesof rrpackagel plants detalled cost comparlsons should be made betweentherrpackagcrrunit and a treatment Plant constructed on the site.
Throughout the remainder of the Countyr on-slte sewage dlsposalmetirods wil I be relied upon for rutny years to come" Detailed studyof 0n-Slte Sewage Disposal Soil Srlltabll lty rnaps should be made Inorder to determEne the areas wherc these Systems can be uSed. lt ls
-77 -
Table l2
Areas Needlngf,/ithin the
Municioalitv@
Atglen BoroughAvondale BoroughCaln Tor,rnshlpEast Bradford TownshipEast Brandywlne TounshlpEast Caln TounshlpEast Coventry TownshipEast Fal lottf leld TorrnshipEast Goshen TownshlpEast Pikeland TounshlpEasttouan Tounsh ipEast Whiteland TovnshlpElverson BoroughHoney Brook BoroughKennett TownshipLondon Grove TovmshipLower OxfordHalvern BoroughModena EoroughNew Garden ToranshipSadsbury Tovnsh i p
Schuylkifl TownshipTredyf frin Tounship .(Paol iUrrchlan TotnshipVal ley TownshipWest Bradford Totan sh lpllest toum Toun sh lpWest l./hlteland Tounsh i pWilllstown Townshlp
Oetalled Studlesi,lext Three Years
Status of
Oesign CompleteDeslgn CompleteDeslgn CompleteI,lcnet'lcneDeslgn UnderwaylbneNoneOes I gn UnderwayFeasibil ity StudyFeasibll ity StudyDesfgn UnderuayllcneFeasibllity StudyNonellcnel,loneFeaslbil lty StudyNoneDesign CompleteNoneFeasibll ity Study
Area) Desfgn UnderwayFeaslbll ity StudyFeas lbl I ity Studyi,loneFeaslbll ity StudyFeas ibi I ity StudyFeas ibi I ity Study
Conrpl eteComp I ete
Compl ete
Underway
Comp I e te
Comp I eteCompl ete
UnderwayComp I eteComp I ete
-I9-
A County Sewer Authorlty could be appropriately organized andhave sufficient staff competence for effective implementation ofreg ional or County-wide planning, f inancing, and operation of sewer-age systems. lt r+ould also be in a very strong position with regardto applieation for, and negotlatlon of, requests for loans or grants-in-aid fron appropriate State and Federal agencies. flowever, sub-stantial administratlve, f inanc ial , and legal obstac'les indicate thatthe County Authority approach r,rpuld not be practical at thls polnt intlme and at thls stage of the Countyrs developrent.
il
A joint or regional authority approach would answer most of theobjections to either the individual or county-wlde approaches, and,with the proper degree of County involvernent, maintaln the princlpaldesirable asFects of both, The advantages lnclude the relative easeof financing because of a large population base and the preferentialconsideration given to joint, or regional, project requesB for govern-mental f inanclal assistance.
Because of their limlted area of respons'ibillty, joint or regionalauthorities can include a greater degree of ind ividual municlpal ityparticipatlon than can a county-wide authority, and therefore are oftenmore sensitlve to the needs and desires of the individual munlcipalpart ic i pants .
The County could more effectively asslst a relatively few reg ionalauthorities than it could assist many individual authorities, and agreater degree of planning of a truly cornprehensive nature could alsoresult. Additionally, because of the number of separate goverrmentalunit participants in joint or regional authorities, lt could even bepossible to arrange for County representation in the membership ofsuch an adminlstrative group. Thls, in turn, could insure that theCounty is kept ful ly aware of the status of plannirg and f Inanclng,and brould also give the County the opportunlty to particlpate in thedeveloprent of satisfactory canprehensive planning.
The first step in developing partlcipation of the Individual munlc-ipallties in a regional or joint authority approach would be to acquaintthe many rnuniclpalities of Chester County with the benef lts to be de-rivad frorn such a solution to their sewage problems, Then, provided themunlcipalities agree to such an approach, the County could asslst themIn creatlng the necessary admlnlstratlve bodies, and ln initiating ac-t iv lty with In them.
-E: -
which is used to ret!re the bonded indebtedness. In a sense, there-fore, the munlclpa'l ity pledges general taxlng por+er to support therepalment of the borrowed mcnies, but does not have to pledge directsupport of bondfng or suhnft such a'declslon to referendunr.
|*cn-debt Revenue Bond f inanclng is qulte simllar to AuthorltyBond flnanclng wlthout the benefit of rrleaserbaskrroperatlon. Thlstype of flnancing has been used infrequently In Pennsylvania end hasencountered sornewhat hlgher bond Interest rates than have been erc-perienced wlth Authority Bond f lnancing. fbwever, thls method offlnanelng mlght be considered advantageous In the case of the regionalor county-wide authority method of admlnlstratlon.
Before maklng any declslon with regard to methods of flnanclng,the admlnlstratlve body so chosen (ue tt an lrdlvldual , Jolntr ro-gional, or county-r,rfde authority) should seek the advlce of gual lf led,experlenced flnanclal advlsors and legal counsel.
'I
Aid In the form of loans and grants ls avallable under severalprogrdns admlnlstered by various agencies of the Federal Goverrment.Those programs appl lcable to the munlclpal ltles ln Chester Countyr orto the County ltself, are doscrlbed below. These descrlptlons are In-tended to show, ln a general fashion, the available ald and the extentof project coverage provided by each of the ald programs, Slnee theprograrns are almost contlnuously added to or revlsed, lt ls recormendedthat the municipal lties and the County obtain the latest Informatlon oneach of the applicable aid programs as speclflc sewerage projects arise,
The Federal t,tater Pallutlon Control Act (tJater Qual lty Act off 955), Publ lc Lar* 89-zlU, provldes funds for publ lc sewage col lectionand treatm€nt facil lties. The Federal l/ater Pol lutlon Control Admln-istration of the Department of the Interior, and the Pennsylvanla StateHealth Departsrent, admlnlster thls act. The Act, as amended In 1965,provides for grants-in-aid equal to 30 percent of the total ellglblecosts of qual lfylng pol lutlon abatemant proJects. The el iglble ltems*re I lmited to treatment" works and necessary facll ltles and Include:enginaerlng, legal and f lscal studles and designs, supervlslon and In-spectlon of constructlon, selege treagnent works, interceptor sewers,outfall sewersr pmplng statlons and force mains, Ingreases in thlsparcentage are allowed when the indlvldual States partielpate In grants-I n-a ld programs.
_83 _
project shall be not less than J0 percent of the ostlmated projectcosts whlch costs shall Include prel lmlnary plannlng, englneering,archltectural , lcAal , f iscal and econcrn ic investigations and stud les,surveys, design, plans, working drawlngs, specif lcations, procedures,and other actlons necersary to the erectlon, bulldlng, acquisltlon,alteratlon, extension, etc. of treatment works Including inspectlonand supervlslon of constructlon of such works. El lgible facll ltlesare considered to be essentlally those qual ifylns under the Federalt/ater Pol lutlon Control Act. lt ls posslble that thls Act may con-stltute suff lclent particlpatlon to qual lfy proJects for Increasesln the percentage of grant-ln-ald authorized under the Federal [,/aterPol lutlon Control Act.
Under Act llo. lJ, the Ccmmunlty Facil lties Act (Harness RaclngBill) the DeparEnent of Conmerce, G nwealth of Pennsylvania hasbeen authorlzed to utll lze certaln monles acqruing to the Cqrmonwealthfran harness raclng track operation to provlde grants-ln'ald to qual-lfylng sehaEe facll lty projects. The maximum grant-ln-aid under thisprogram ls twenty-flve (25%) percent of the proJect costs wlth thedollar amount not to exceed $100,000 per proJect, ProJects for whichgrants-ln-ald ar€ requested are evaluated on the general basls oftheir lmpact on both the hcalth and econdnlc strength of the conmunitythey are to serve.
The Pennsylvania State Department of tlealth is authorized to sub-sidlze a portlon of the annual operatlng costs of puhllc sewaga facll-Itles vla annual grants-ln-ald to local munlclpal ltles or authorlt,f es.These annual grants have been set at two percent of the ellglble ac-qulsltlon or constructlon costs of the facll ltles. The appl icable fa-cll itles are sewage treaffnent works, Intercepting or trunk seerers, andpumplng statlons.
-n(-v/
RTCOMHENDAT I ONS
sglsjstIt is recommended that the Oounty qive conslderatlon to the
establishment of a cormittee to coordlnate the speciflc sel+age pro-jects and encourage the concept of a regional epproach to the col-lection and treatment of sewage which is the basis of this report.Such a committee should be set up when there ls sufficient actlvityby the various munlcipal itfes to Indlcate a deflnlte need,
The Chester County Plannlng Commission should be included inthe membershlp of the Sewage Facilitles Commlttee.
Maintain the sewage treatment agreements currently in forcebetween Tredyffrin Township and Upper Merion, Haverford, Radnorand Harple Tovnships; modlfy them if necessary to provide for con-tinued treatment of expected additional sewage flows from the re-spectl ve Tredyffri n Townsh i p areas.
Seweraqe Systems----..lllll+i.{.ry!.ll.|g
Develop plans for establ ishing the fol louring sewerage systemsand for organizlng the requi red administrative bodies:
'1" Coatesvi I le Area -- wlth participation by the City ofCoatesvi I le, and by East Fal lorf ield, Val iey, WestCaln, and Caln Tournships. Expected sewage flors--2.45 MGD by 1978; 3.43 MGD by 1988.
2. Downlngtown Area -- with participation by DowningtownBorough, and by East Caln, llest Bradford, Caln, andUwchlan To,..rnships. Expected seh,age f lows " 2.87 HCO
by 1978 i \.52 MGD by 1988.
Paoli Area (Val ley Creek Basin) -- wi th participationby Tredyffrin, East Whi teland, Wi | | istown, and East-town Torrrnsh i ps and Ma I ve rn Borough . Expected sewageffows--3.53 HGD by 1978i 5.97 ilGo by 1988.
Llest Goshen-West Chester Area -- with participationby tdest Goshen, East Goshen, l"Ji I li stcwn end l"lesttownTornships. Expected sewage f lo.rs --2.15 l,lGD by l978;4.59 NCn Uy 1988. Also, it is anticipated that op-erat i on of the I'Jes t Ches te r Goose C reek P lant wou I d
be continued through the study period with expected$ewage f lows of 1.58 MGD by 1978 and I -93 f{GD by1988.
3.
It
_87 -
9, llorth Coventry Area -- with partlclpatlon by fbrthCoventry and East Coventry Townshfps. Expectedsewage f lows--0.52 HGD by 1978; | .10 MGD by '1988.
10. Sprlng Clty Area -- wlth partlclpatlon by SprlngClty Borough and East Vlncent and East PikelandTownships. Expected selrage flows--0.55 MGD bytg78i 0.8t t{co by 1188.
''1,,. Atglen Borough -- er(pected sewage f lours--0.l7 HGD
by 1978 i o ,25 I'IGD by | 988 .
2. Elverson Borough -- expected set"age flows:-O.11HGD by 1978; 0.33 MGD by I j88.
APPEND I X A
SCHUYLKI LL RI VER BAS I N
RECOMMENDED I,IATER QUAL ITY STANDARD5
ll.
REPORT OT' TH{ D IVIS ION OF sAN ITA.RY ING I I'ITER It'IG
TO TiiE SANITARY WATER SOARD
RECONI{ENDED b/ATER QUAL ITY STANDAROS
FOR SURFACE I/ATERS
SCIIUYLKI LL R I VE R BAS IN
PURPOSE OF REPORT:
In order to control pollution and to rnanaqe the qualityof Pennsylvaniars waters, it is necessary to continual ly re-view and, where necessary, revise the stream class i ficationprogram that the Board has been utl I i zing since 1944. Thisreport is a part of thls program in that it recommends waterquallty criteria for the surface waters and provides informa-tion on the steps necessary to obtain the water quality spe-cified by the criteria. This report wi I I be distributed tointerested persons and municipalities prior to a public hear-ing to be held in Reading, Pennsylvania on December 21,1957,The hearing wi I I give those interested persons and municipal-i tles an opportuni ty to express thei r veiws and des i res re-lated to these criteria and plan of implementation. Basedon this report and the testimony at the hearing, the Boardshould then establ lsh rvater qual i ty cri teri a and pol lutioncontrol rEasures (implementation plan) necessary for manage-rpnt of the waters considered in the report. The Board shouldthen issue appropriate orders as provided for the implementa-tlon plan.
SCOPE OF REPORT:
This report considers the surface waters of the Schuylki I I
River Basin. These waters include all rivers, streams, creeks,rivulets, lakes, darmed water, ponds, spFin-qs and all otherbodies of surface water, or parts thereof, whether natural orartiflcial, within the boundaries of this basin.
n,
A. Location - The area considered in this report is theffiFftilTfrt't I River Basin in Berks, 8ucks, Carbon, chester,Delaware, Lancaster, Lebanon, Lehigh, Montgomery, Phi l*adelphia and Schuyikill Counties.
B, - The Sehuylkill River hasre mi les. There are 185
named streams and about 1,600 unnamed streams in thebasin. l4ajor streams include the Schuylkil I River,l,lissahickon Creek, Perkiomen Creek, French Creek, Mana-tawny C reek, Tul pehocken C reek , i4a i den C reek , and theLittle Schuylki 1 | River, There are no natural lakes orponds in this area,
ltl
*j*
The Schuylkili RIver has been a center of Pennsylvaniarsurban and industrial activity since colonial times" Thecanal system increased urban and industrial activity,and river communities such as l-eesport, Eridgeport, PortKennedy, Fort Clintcn, Port Carbon and Schuylki ll Havensti I I bear witness to the river's transportation activi-ty.
Numerous rvater supply reservoirs, particularly in head-water areas, have been constructed on the basin to serveits municipal and industriai needs by storing water dur-ing periods of high runoff and using this stored waterdur i ng dry peri ods .
The major water users on the basin are municpal (pres-ent!y about 250 million gallons per day) and the mining,textile, paperr poder and rretal lurgical industries(about 800 mi | | ion gal lons per day) ? or e total wateruse of 1,050 milli?n gallons per day. Since the droughtflo,v at Fhiladelphia is about 23A ni ll ion gallons perd"y, the water is frquently reused, about 4.6 tlnres dur-Ing drought conditions.
D. - The water quality problems ofsin are numerous and complex.
Hine drainage, much of it'acid in nature,..aff,ects the en-tl re Schuylki I I Rlver and many of i ts tributarles abovethe Reading area. In the vicinity of Reading, the acid,,is neutrai ized but the dissolved solids and hardness con-tent of the river remain high. Much of this mine draln-age comes from abandoned mi nes .
Untreated sevrage is discharged by some comrunities In theanthracite region.
ln the remainder of the basin. most wastes receive sec-ondery treatment, but large water uses and the nunreroustreated braste discharges sti I I cause watsr qual i ty de-gradation, as do nnterials that are difficult to removeand scattered discharges of untreated wastes. Scme ofthe existing or potentiel problem areas include:
l*. Maln Schuylkill River - Hine drainage causes acidconditions in the headwater areas and increasedhardness and dissolved sol ids eontent throuqhoutthe entire river. A concerted mine drainage abate-rnent program is needed to solve this problem.Cost of abatenient wi Il include a public cost be-caus€ rnuch of the drainage is coming from abandonedrni nes ,
'+5*
Appendix A. Tl"re r.later uses included in the standard I ist arefollc*red by an X. Where there is or should be an exception tothe standard use I ist, the exception is indlcated by I istingthe appropriate water u5e number, preceded by "Add" or "Delete"in Section Vl.
1.0 Aquatic l-ife
ti. t Cold tVater Fish$j..2 I'/arn Water Flsht'f;r.3 Higratory Fishiti.4 Trout (Stocking only)
2.0 Water Supply
2,1 Domestic2.2 lndustrial2.3 Livestock2.4 Wi ldl i fe2.5 lrrlgation
3.0 Recreation
Code(stanFrd' List = x)
0X
00
)t)tkxv
xX
X
X
0
3. I Boating3.2 Fishing3.3 Water Contact3.q Natural Area3.5 Conservatlon
4.0 other
S port s
Area
v.
4.1 Povuer X
\.2 Navigation 04.1 Trpated Waste Ass imi I at ion X
WATER QUAL ITY CRITERIA:
A. Pufp-_
The purpose of the water gual ity cri teria is toprcvlde a basis for engineering of Pol lution AbatementProjects. tJhere natural conditions preclude acltievementof the criteria, the statementrror natural conditionsr'is impl ied.
E.
-7-
d? Not to exceed 5oF rlse above ambient temp-' erature or a rnaximum n'f 87"F, whichever islessl not to be changed by more than 2oFduring any one haur period.
e. Dissolved Sol i ds
Not to exceed 500 mglL as a n"onthiy averagevaiue; not to exceed 750 rng/L at any tinre.
E
For the period 5/15-9/ 15 of any year; not toexceed 1,000/100 ml as en arithmetic averagevaluel not to exceed 11000/100 ml in rnore thantwo consecutive samples; not to exeeed 2,400/100 ml in npre than one sample.
For the period 9fl6-5/ ll of any year; not toexceed 5,000/100 ml as a rnonthly average value,nor to exceed this number in rore than 202 ofthe samples collected during any month; nor toexceed 20,000/ 100 ml in more than 5? of thesamoles.
Standard List-"of water Qua-lity Cr:iteri.q
The follcwing Standard List of Water Quality Cri-teria is used to sirnplify and shorten Section Vl. A
brief discuss ion of some of the more cornmon water qua l-Ity Indlcators for which cri teria are recommended ispresented in Appendix B.
The hlater Qual ity Criteria are directly relatedto the protection of the indicated water uses. Fornpst zones and the standard list of water uses, a stan-dard list of water qual ity criteria is used.
I,Jhere except ions to water qua I ity criteri a occurSection Vl , the exception is indicated by I istingappropriate water qual ity criteria letter, preceded
rrAddrr or "Delete" in Section V!.
lntheby
*5-
the Standari List of Water Uses as appropriate uses, and theStandard Llst of Water Qual i ty Cr! teria a$ pertinent cri teria.There are, however, certain waters where other present andfuture uses differ from the Stendard List and where appropri-ate changes should be nede to the recornnended Water QualityCrlteria.
The criterla recommended for streams aren in all cases,maxlmum or minimum values that should be reached only duringcrltical flovr conditions. The critical flow is consideredas the average ninimum flo,r that occurs durlng seven conse-cutive days or any one year, and having a recurrence intervalof .ten years, whether the f lor^r is regulated or not, For flovlslower than this, the general water quality criteria apply.The criteria recommended for lakes, darmed water, ponds andall other bodies of surface water apply at all tinres.
It is recomnpnded that the Sanitary Water Board adoptthe General l,later Qual ity Criteria for al I waters at al I times(Section V-B) and the follo*ing specific water quallty criteriafor the zones hereafter described, for the protection of thepresent and future water uses described.
Descrl pt i on of Zones
A. All waters in the hearingarea described in Section
ll and Section lll-A ofthis report, except ashereafter descri bed.
Exceptions toExceotions to Standard WaterStendard VJater Qual i ty Cri teria
Use List List
timi tsof
Zone
None None
8. - Exceptions are listed belotf the water uses on which the
exceptions are based,
Valley lfee! - Valley Creek is a tributary to the SchuylkillEiG;TtT;Tley Forse. lt is stoek with trout.
Zone NameryY**?.Y &N*:
Val Iey CreekEasin
Exceptions toExceptions to Standard lfaterStandard Water Quality Criteria
Use List List
De lete b2 iAdd b3
None Add I .lt
vtl ABATEMENT PLAN:
General: Upon approval of the eri teri a presented inSection Vl, the Division of Sanitary Engineering recornmendsthat the Sanitary Water Board, in accordance with its pcru,ersunder the Clean Streams Law, issue appropriate orders, modifypermits or take other appropriate actIon to have all personsor firunicipalities under its jurisdiction abate pollution tocomply with the criteria. lt is recornmended that the Board,in al I cases, requi re either imnrediate abaten€nt or the sub-mlssion of a detai led abatement schedule providing for abate-nnnt within as short e period of time as is technically pos-sible and that the Board cause appropriate lnvestigations tobe made to assure itself of cornpliance with the standards.
Faclllties are expected to be designed to reet the cri-teria at the critical periods. In addition, faci lities mustbe operated at all times at that level of efficiency neededto meet requirernents for the critical conditions. This willresult In stream qual ity higher than the criteria rTbst ofthe tlme.
Specif i.c: A minimum of secondary treatment is requi redfor al I waste discharges in this area.
Secondary treatment is that degree of treatrnent whieh,in the opinion of the Sanitary l.Jater Board, will removepractical ly all of the suspended sol ids; wi ll rernove atleest eighty*five (85) percent of the organic pol lutionload as measured by the biochemical oxy-clen demand test;will accompllsh the remclval of oi ls, greases, acids, alka-I ls, toxlc, putrescible, taste and odor produci ng substances,and other substances inlmical to the public interest in thereceivlng stream; wi I I provide effective dis infection to con-trol di sease produci ng germs; wi I I provi de sat i sfactory di s-posal of sludge; and will produce a final effluent that issuitable for discharge into the receiving waters"
In certain waters of this area, secondary treatment ofthe present waste discharges is inadequate nobr, or wi 1 | bein the future, if the water quality criteria recommended inSection Vl pf this report are to be nret. Tertiary treatmentpf wastes or other rnethods of edvanced weter quality controlwlll be needed for the followins waters of this area:
APPEND I X B
INTERSTATE STREAH STANDARDS
RULES AND REGULATIONSOF THE
SAN I TARY WATF: R BOARD
OF THE
COHHONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA
ARTICLE 30I
\'',ATER QUAL ITY CRITERIP
Section L General Scope
It is the scope of this Article to set forth general and spe-cific water quality criteria for the waters of the Conmonwealth.These criterla are based upon the water uses which are to be pro-tected and wilI be considered by the Sanitary t/ater Board in itsregulatlon of discharges.
Section 2. Water Uses
A. The water uses which are to be protected, and upon whlchthe development of water quality criteria are based, are set forthin subsection B of this section.
B. l,/ater Uses wh i ch are to be Protected:
1.0 -
l.l Cold Water Fishes - Maintenance and propagationof the fami ly and fish food organisms.
1"2 Warm Water Fis enance and propagationof fish food organisms and all fami lies off ishes except S_ftnp.g!,9e9.
,l "3 M igratory Fishes - Passage r maintenance andpropagation of anadromous and catadromous fishes,and other fishes which ascend to flowinq watersto complete their life cycle-
2.0 -
2,1 Domest ic l,/ater Supply - Use by hurnans af tersonventional treatrnent, for drinkinq, cul inaryand other purposes.
2"2 Industrial l^/ater Supply - Use by industryfor inclusion into products, for processingand for cooling.
2 ,3 L i ves tock l/ate r Supp ly - Use by I i ves tock andpoultry for drinking and cleansing.
2,\ |rtildlife Water Supply - Use for water fowl ha-bitat and by widlife for drinkinq and cleansinq.
-3-
3.0 Reereat icn
3. I Boating3.2 Fishins3 .3 I,Ja ter con tact Sports3 "4 ln'Natural Area
& .0 -gthi.r4. I Fower X
\.2 Navigation 0\.3 Treated idaste Ass irni lat ion X
Section 4. Applicable Water Quality Criteria
Water quality criteria applicable to the waters of the Com-monwealth shall be the general criteria set forth in Section 5 ofthis Article and the specific criteria Indlcated for the particularwaters as set forth in Section 7 of this Article.
Sect ion 5. General Cri teri a
The water shall not contain substances attributable to muni-clapl, industrial or other waste dlscharges in soncentration orarnounts sufficient to be inimical or harmful to the water uses tobe protected or to human, animal, plant or aquatic life. Specificsubstances to be controfled lnclude, but are not limited to,floating debris, oil, scum and other floatlng materials; toxicsubstances; substances that produce color, tastesn odors or settleto form s ludge depos I ts .
Section 5. Specific Criteria
A. Deterrnination of Specific Criteria - Each of the watersfor which speciflc criterla has been established is listed in Sec-tion 7. The references to specific eriteria are keyed to thestandard list of specific crlteria set forth in subsection B ofthls section and to the groups of criteria set forth in subsec-tion C of this section.
0
xx
B" Standard L!st s:f Sr:ecTfic Criteria
a-gH
a1 * Nct Jess than 6.0; not to exceed 8.5e1 - Not less than 5-5; not to exceed 8.5a! - Not less rhan 7.0; not to exceed 9.0
20? of the sampfu, .oflected during any month;nor to exceed 2A,OOB/100 ml in more than 5% ofthe samples.
f2 - Not to exceed 5,000/100 ml as a monthly averagevaluel nor to exceed this number in more than20"4 of the samples col lected during any month;nor to exceed 201000/100 ml in more than 5% ofthe samole,
f. - Not to exceed 5,000/100 ml as a monthly eeome-' tri c rrpan.
u-g, - Not to exceed J0 units during the perlod 5/30-
9/t5, nor to exceed a monthly mean of 40 unitsor a maximum of 150 units during the remainderof the year.
92 - l,laximum monthly mean 40 uni ts, maximum value- not to exceed 150 units.
h -. - Not to exceed 24 at 60"C.
i - - Not less than ?O ng/L.
j1 - Not to exceed 0,5 mgllj2 - Not to exceed 1.0 mg/L
k - Total Mang.?n9se_ - Not to exceed 1.0 mglL
| - Flugrlde - Not to exceed 1.0 mg/L
m - Cyanide - Not to exceed 0.025 mglL
n - Suf fate - )lot to exceed 250 nSl/L or natural levels,whichever is qreater.
o - Chlorides
o1 - Not to exceed 150 mqllo, - Not to exceed 250 nS/L
p"tl (total soluble) - Not to exceed 0.l0 mg/Lor natu!'al levels, which-ever is greater.
02,102 0ctoraroC reek
Number
Numbe r
20.l0l.ll
20.101.12
Li ttle ElkC reek
Bis ElkC reek
Confl uence ofEest and WestBranches of Pa,-Hd. State Llne
Source to Pe.-Md. State Line
Confl uence ofEast and WestBranches to Pa.-Md. State Line
Nane". Zen"e- ..
Except ions toS tenda rd I'Jate r Speci fi c
Criteria
Group At "r.l'r 3
Exceptions toStandard Water Speci fic
Use List Criteriaffi
-----i'
None Group B
None Group B
Addand
Naj.ne_
APPENDIX C
IHPLEHENTATION PLANINTERSTATE WATERS
IMPLEMENTATION PLANINTtRSTATE WATERS
CHESAPEAKE BAY
Igne ?Q,*:.1.Q-i',"1-Li Little Elk Creek - Present compliance status un-knoun. No ceses in Pennsylvania. Condrrct a streamsurvey and submit an abatenent plan, if necessary,by December 31, 1958. Secondary treatment requiredand provi ded.
: Big Elk Creek - Present compliance status unknown.One case provides secondary treatment. Conduct astream survey and submlt an abaterrent plan, ifnecessary, by December 3l , 1968. Secondary treat-nent requi red.
Zone O2.102: Octoraro Creek - Present compliance status unknown.Slx dlscharges on entire watershed all provide sec-ondary treatrnent. Conduct a stream survey and sub-mlt an abatement plan, if necessary, by December ll,1968. Secondary treatment required.
Zone 01. l0l. | | : White Clay Creek ' Present compliance status un-knourn. Secondary treatment reguired and provided.Conduct a stream survey and submit an abatementplan, lf necessary, by December ll, 1958.
Red Clay Creek - Compliance status unsatis-factory due to bacteria (col i form) pol lution.Secondary treatrfient requlred and provided.Adequate dis i nfecti on needed.
Zqn,g .01", !02; Brandywine Creek - Compl iance status unsetisfactorydue to bacteria (coliform), taste and odor, anci
fluoride pol lution. Secondary treatment requi redand Provl ded.
MaJor Case:
s*s-Hg, #ffi!;r !il:ii"*!g Rernarkr
0oatesvi I le Secondary Fl uor i des Hod i fy permi tChester County av 6/30/68 toLukens Steel Co. control fluorides
ln discharqe.
APPEND IX D
----:E'--ATI.,I\S OF CEf,SfDX, COUNTY
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