são paulo, população, atividades e posse de escravos em vinte e cinco localidade -(1777-1829)

7/31/2019 So Paulo, populao, atividades e posse de escravos em vinte e cinco localidade -(1777-1829)

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\d [erfd9 [d{rfed& E~`x`nenb| b [d||b nb B|lsexd| bm Xò~b bLòld Fdlef`nenb| '5111-5730)

Hseol`|ld X`nef Froe 5

FROE& Hseol`|ld X`nef/ \d [erfd9 [d{rfed& E~`x`nenb| b [d||b nb B|lsexd| bmXò~b b Lòld Fdlef`nenb| - '5111-5730): B|~rnd| Bldom`ld|& \d [erfd& 37'5)9 00-580& ieo$mes/ 5007/

SB\RMDD b|~rnd& ce|bend od| meor|ls`~d| ldogbl`nd| ldmd Med| ne [d{rfed& ndElbsxd nd Esur`xd nd B|~end nb \d [erfd& ldo~bm{fe xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb| nb\d [erfd& od| eod| nb 5111& 57;> b 5730/ Obfb {sdlrsdr-|b eoef`|es e nòm`lene {d{rfed& e| e~`x`nenb| bldom`le|& e b|~sr~rse ne {d||b nb b|lsexd| b e|lesel~bs|~`le| nbmdash`le| nd| sb|{bl~`xd| {sd{s`b~s`d|/ @nbo~`h`ldr-|b rme|dl`bnenb bm hseole bw{eo|d {d{rfel`doef& {es~`lrfesmbo~b ne {d{rfedb|lsexe& b bm ~seo|`d nb rme bldodmè ce|bene bm lrf~`xd| {ese |rc|`|~olè{ese dr~se oe uref ~e`| lrf~`xd| bsem |rc|~`~rnd|& bm efarme| sba`b|& ldmd dXefb nd [esece b d Db|~b [erf`|~e& {ds dr~sd|& nb|~òend| ed mbslend bw~bsod&~e`| ldmd d eles b d leh/ E ~seo|hdsmed mdn`h`ldr {sdhronembo~b e b|~sr~rse

ne {d||b nb b|lsexd| b e{sdhrondr sbfeb| b|lsex`|~e| oe| sbe| e~òa`ne| {bfd|odxd| lrf~`xd|/

[EFEXSE\ LGEXB

{d{rfed& b|lsexd|& e~`x`nenb| bldom`le|& {d||b nb b|lsexd|& \d [erfd

EC\^SEL^^gb |~rnp& ce|bn do meor|ls`{~| jodqo e| #Med| ne [d{rfed# qg`lg cbfdoa| ~d

~gb #Esur`xd nd B|~end nb \d [erfd#& ldxbs| ~qbo~p h`xb n`hhbsbo~ ldmmro`~`b| ò \d[erfd ò ~gb pbes| 5111& 57;> b 5730/ ^gb {d{rfe~`do!| npoem`l|& ~gb bldodm`l

el~`x`~`b|& ~gb |~srl~rsb dh |fexb dqobs|g`{ eon ~gb nbmdase{g`l lgesel~bs`|~`l| dh ~gbsb|{bl~`xb {sd{bs~`b| qbsb eoefpybn/ E |dl`b~p q`~g se{`n {d{rfe~`do asdq~g& |{blèffpemdoa ~gb |fexb {d{rfe~`do& qe| `nbo~`h`bn& e| qbff e| ~gb ~seo|`~`do hsdm eo bldodmp

ce|bn do lsd{| asdqo hds |rc|`|~bolb ~d eo bldodmp ò qg`lg ~gb|b lsd{| qbsb|rc|~`~r~bn ò |dmb sba`do|& fjb ~gb Xefb nd [ese`ce eon ~gb qb|~bso sba`do dh ~gb|~e~b dh \d [erfd& hds d~gbs| nb|~òbn hds ~gb bw~bsoef mesjb~|& |rlg e| |raes eon

ldhhbb/ ^g`| ~seo|hdsme~`do {sdhdronfp lgeoabn ~gb |~srl~rsb dh |fexb dqobs|g`{ eonnbb{bobn ~gb |fexbsp sbfe~`do|g`{| ò ~gb esbe| ldxbsbn cp ~gb obq lsd{|/

JBP QDSN\[d{rfe~`do& |fexb|& bldodm`l el~`x`~`b|& |fexb dqbs|g`{& \d [erfd

5[sdhb||ds ne Helrfnenb nb Bldodmè b Enmò`|~sed ne Ro`xbs|`nenb nb \d [erfd


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E `m{ds~olè nb \d [erfd& ed hòef nd |lrfd W@W& e{| e ldo|df`ned nelehb`lrf~rse& cbm ldmd d {sdlb||d nb ~seo|`d nd ~secefgd b|lsexd {ese d e||efesènd&mbsblbr b|{blèf e~bod nd| {b|ur`|endsb|/ E sbfbxolè nd bxbo~d {ese dnb|boxdfx`mbo~d nd mbslend ò~bsod b {ese d {sdlb||d nb ònr|~sèf`yed ds`bo~dr d|b|~rnd|& {sbhbsbolèfmbo~b {ese e |barone mb~enb nd |lrfd {e||end& {bsm`~ònd-|bhdsmes rme `nè ce|~eo~b |e~`|he~sè e sb|{b`~d nd {bsdnd/

\`mrf~eobembo~b& g rm ldogbl`mbo~d sbfe~`xembo~b f`m`~end e sb|{b`~d nd {bsdndeo~bs`ds e 572;& eo~b| nd leh ldo|df`nes-|b ldmd d me`| `m{ds~eo~b {sdnr~d nbbw{ds~ed/ E dsaeo`yed ne eas`lrf~rse& d| ~`{d| nb {sdnr~d| b e oe~rsbye ne hdse nb~secefgd sb{sb|bo~em ~bme| mbod| bw{fdsend| {bfd| {b|ur`|endsb|/ [ese bo~bonbsldmd d leh efe|~sdr-|b b e| ler|e| nd s{`nd |rlb||d bm \d [erfd hey-|boblb||s`d ldm{sbbonbs e oe~rsbye ne bldodmè ef` bw`|~bo~b b urb sb|{donbr ~d|e~`|he~dsèmbo~b {ese e ò~sdnrd ne lehb`lrf~rse/

[ese d b|~rnd nb||b {bsdnd lsrlèf bw`|~bm& bo~sb dr~sd| ndlrmbo~d| dsàòe`|& e|F`|~e| Odmòe~`xe| nd| Gec`~eo~b|& d| lgemend| Med| ne [d{rfed& nd elbsxd ndEsur`xd nd B|~end nb \d [erfd/ Sb{sb|bo~em lbo|d| ne {d{rfed b ne {sdnrd&sbef`yend| {bs`dn`lembo~b& {ds lbsle nb lòubo~e eod|& e~ e ~bslb`se nlene nd|lrfd {e||end/

Sblbo~bmbo~b {rcf`lemd| rm es~àd e sb|{b`~d nb xò~b b lòld n`hbsbo~b| fdlef`nenb|nb \d [erfd 'FROE& 5003)& bm ~s| n`hbsbo~b| eod| '5111& 57;> b 5730)& ldm ddcib~`xd nb eoef`|es e| lesel~bs|~`le| nbmdash`le| ne {d{rfed b|lsexe sb|`nbo~b oesba`d/ Ldmd hdo~b {s`msè hronembo~ef |bsx`md-od| ne ndlrmbo~ed el`me sbhbs`ne/

Ob|~b ~secefgd {sb~bonb-|b bw{eon`s d ~bme& ldo|`nbseond e| xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb|od| mb|md| eod|& ldm e e~bod xdf~ene {ese e nòm`le ne {d{rfed& e~`x`nenb|bldom`le|& b|~sr~rse nb {d||b nb b|lsexd| b lesel~bs|~`le| nbmdash`le| nb |br|sb|{bl~`xd| {sd{s`b~s`d|/3

5/ N@OM@LE NE [D[RFED

E eas`lrf~rse ldo|~`~re e e~`x`nenb bldom`le hronembo~ef od {bsdnd/ @o`lèfmbo~b eme`dsè ne {d{rfed& bm ~dne| e| sbe|& nbn`lexe-|b {blrsè b ed lrf~`xd nbaobsd| nb |rc|`|~olè& {sòl`{efmbo~b essdy& m`fgd& hbìd b meon`dle/ B|~b| {sdnr~d||bsxèm ldmd ce|b ef`mbo~es fdlef& |bond e xbone nb bwlbnbo~b| e hdo~b {sòl`{ef nb

sbone {ese e me`dsè nd| f`xsb|& {d`| {eslbfe mòds`~sè nd| eas`lrf~dsb| ldolbo~sexe-|bod| lrf~`xd| ds`bo~end| ed mbslend bw~bsod9 ò`lèfmbo~b d eles b nb{d`| d leh/ E~5730& f~`md eod ldo|`nbsend& d leh eòne |b boldo~sexe bm he|b ò`lèf nb`m{feo~ed: bo~sb e| fdlef`nenb| b|~rnene|& e{boe| bm Esbè| 'FROE& 500> b 5002)&fdlef`yene od Xefb nd [esece& d leh ldo|df`nese-|b bhb~`xembo~b/ Bm Ielesb bFdsboe& x`fe| ne mb|me sba`d& e {sdnrd e{sb|bo~exe `m{ds~olè& me| bm mbodsb|lefe: oe| nbme`| sbe| d lrf~`xd md|~sexe-|b eòne b|{es|d/ Bwlb~d Esbè| ldm dleh& e| x`fe| me`| {d{rfd|e| nb \d [erfd& ldmd @~& Lem{òe| b [ds~d Hbf`y&ds`bo~exem-|b {ese e {sdnrd nb eles/

Od {bsdnd& dldssbsem òmbse| mdn`h`leb| nb oe~rsbye enmò`|~se~`xe& ldm e

lsèd nb odxe| x`fe| b e |bambo~ed ~bss`~dsèf ne| bw`|~bo~b|/ [ese ldo~dsoes d3 D| lbo|d| ldo|`nbsend| od es~àd sb{sb|bo~em e{sdw`menembo~b 1;" ne {d{rfed nb \d [erfd b

{dslbo~ref |`m`fes bm sbfed ed ombsd nb x`fe| bw`|~bo~b| od| eod| ldo|`nbsend|/ Od Eobwd 5e{sb|bo~em-|b e f`|~e ne| fdlef`nenb| b d| eod| ldo|`nbsend|/


3/59:{sdlbn`mbo~d |bmbfgeo~b hd` end~end od b|~rnd eo~bs`ds |dcsb e| lesel~bs|~`le|nbmdash`le| nd| le~`xd| ne| xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb|/ D| lsryembo~d| |rlb||`xd|bo~sb n`hbsbo~b| xes`xb`| {dnbsè dle|`does emd|~se| sbfe~`xembo~b {burboe|&{sòl`{efmbo~b bm fdlef`nenb| nb mbods {ds~b/ E easbaed {ds sbe| n`mòr` d

{sdcfbme: e| hfr~reb| |b sbnrybm& {d`| e {es~b |bambo~ene nb rme x`fe& {ese ehdsmed ne odxe& meo~m-|b oe mb|me sba`d/

D| sb|rf~end| md|~sem bw{sb||`xd b {bs|`|~bo~b lsb|l`mbo~d ne {d{rfed oe| xò~b blòld fdlef`nenb|/2 Ldo~esem-|b 0;/02< {b||de| bm 5111 b 5>1/;83 bm 57;>& ldm~ewe mnè nb lsb|l`mbo~d nb 5&7" ed eod& bo~sb b||b| nd`| eod|/ Bm 5730 e{d{rfed efleoexe 3;3/558 {b||de|& ldm lsb|l`mbo~d eoref mn`d nb 5&


4/59>

Xefb nd [esece ldo|~`~re e ydoe me`| nòm`le bm ~bsmd| {d{rfel`doe`|& ldm ebfbxene ~ewe mnè eoref nb 3&>"/ Oe sba`d dldssbsem òmbse| ~seo|hdsmeb| nbles~bs enmò`|~se~`xd& ldm nb|mbmcsembo~d nb fdlef`nenb|& n`h`lrf~eond e`nbo~`h`led nd nb|bm{bogd nb lene rme `|dfenembo~b/

D Db|~b [erf`|~e ldssb|{donbr sbe ldm me`ds lsb|l`mbo~d bm ~dnd d {bsdnd/ Bm5111& ldo~exe ldm e{boe| 5" od eod nb 5730: d Db|~b[erf`|~e b d Xefb nd [esece& urb iro~d| sb{sb|bo~exem lbsle nb rm ~bsd ne{d{rfed bm 5111& sb|{donèm {ds me`| ne mb~enb od f~`md eod ldo|`nbsend/

Ed hòef nd {bsdnd& od Db|~b [erf`|~e ldo~exem-|b 2>/;1/52;/ ; Lemògd nd \rf b d F`~dsef md|~sexem

ombsd| mbod| bw{sb||`xd|9


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ÊCBFE 5 - [D[RFED ^DÊF [DS SBA@B\

Eod| êwe| eore`| nb lsb|l`mbo~d

5111 57;> 5730 5111-57;> 57;>-5730 5111-5730

^d~ef ne| 32 fdlef`nenb|Ombsd nb ~d~ef nb gec`~eo~b| 0;/02< 5>1/;83 3;3/558 5&7; 5&37 5&22Ombsd nb f`xsb| 1/;33 5>1/883 5&82 5&;> 5&2> 3& 3&;3 3&50Ombsd nb hdad| 5>/;32 32 33&>1 38&0>Mnè nb gec`~eo~b| {ds hdad 8&>0 8& >&8>Mnè nb b|lsexd| {ds hdad 5&38 5&>< 5&15Db|~b [erf`|~eOmbsd ~d~ef nb gec`~eo~b| 53/80< 55 2>/;/;&; 5&>0 3&52Lemògd nd \rfOmbsd ~d~ef nb gec`~eo~b| 52/2;< 32/;25 03 5&78 ;&71 5& > 5&>> 5&57 5&2 8/317 3&55 5&81 5&0;

" nb hdad| ldm b|lsexd| 33&0; 57&51 51&


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me`ds bo~sb 5111 b 57;> '5&0") nd urb od {bsdnd |barò~b& 57;>-5730& b|~b ldm{dslbo~ref nb 5& bm 57;> b5&1 od f~`md eod/ [sdlb||d ldo~ss`d dldssbr bo~sb d| f`xsb|9 e mnè nb 2&3 bm 5111{e||dr {ese >&8 bm 5730/

; ermbo~d nd ombsd mn`d nb b|lsexd| {ds hdad ldm{bo|dr e urbne dldss`ne bo~sbd| f`xsb|& meo~bond e mnè nb gec`~eo~b| {ds hdad sbfe~`xembo~b ldo|~eo~b ed fdoad nd{bsdnd/53 [ds dr~sd fend& b|~ec`f`ydr-|b e {sd{dsd nb hdad| ldm b|lsexd|& od oxbfnb 3>"& od| ~s| eod|/

D| ombsd| sbhfb~bm d ldoiro~d ne| fdlef`nenb|& b ldo~m mesleo~b| n`hbsboe| bm~bsmd| ne| sba`b|: bm ~dne|& d {b|d nd| b|lsexd|& sbfe~`xembo~b ed| f`xsb|& ermbo~dr/

Od Db|~b [erf`|~e d lsb|l`mbo~d nd| b|lsexd| efleodr


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nb Lem{òe|& @~& Ironè b [ds~d Hbf`y& {es~`lrfesmbo~b e| nre| {s`mb`se|& oe| ure`| d{b|d nd| le~`xd| efleoexe me`| nb b &2) b @~ ' b 5730/

5> Bw`|~bm xs`d| b|~rnd| mdodash`ld| e sb|{b`~d ne sba`d od {bsdnd bm urb|~d9 MD^Ê '500;)&SEOABF '500;)& LD\Ê ( ODYDB '5071)& LD\Ê& \FBOB\ ( \LGQES^Y '5071)& GBSSMEOO'5078)& FROE '5077)/

52 E sb|{b`~d nb \dsdlece& x`nb JFB@O '5072) b FROE '5078)/


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Oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef&58 ~eo~d e {d{rfed f`xsb ldmd e b|lsexe nbmdo|~sdr ce`wdlsb|l`mbo~d ed fdoad nd {bsdnd& ne dsnbm nb ;&8" ed eod/ E {es~`l`{ed nd|b|lsexd| oe {d{rfed meo~bxb-|b b|~xbf b ce`we& |bond nb e{boe| 51& b 5730 e sba`d e{sb|bo~dr ce`wd lsb|l`mbo~d {d{rfel`doef& ldm~ewe eoref ne dsnbm nb ;&2"& |bond {`ds d nb|bm{bogd nd| b|lsexd|& ldm e{boe|;&3" ed eod od {bsdnd/ B|~e sbe& i bm 5111& e{sb|bo~exe hds~b `o|bsd {d{rfel`doefnd| b|lsexd|& urb ldm{esbl`em bm lbsle nb


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ldo~bs d hds~b nòem`|md ne sba`d od {bsdnd ldmd rm ~dnd '5111-57;>)/ Od mb|md{bsdnd& \eo~d|& urb nbxbsè ~bs |`nd {d|`~`xembo~b ehb~ene& e{sb|bo~dr& {bfd| nend|r~`f`yend|& rm fbxb nbls|l`md oe |re {d{rfed f`xsb b b|lsexe/50

; bw{sb||`xd lsb|l`mbo~d ne {d{rfed b|lsexe oe Le{`~eoè& bm {sd{dsd|ào`h`le~`xembo~b me`ds nd urb e xbs`h`lene oe {d{rfed f`xsb& ldm ermbo~d oe{sd{dsd nb b|lsexd| oe {d{rfed ~d~ef& |rabsb rme ò~bo|`h`led od r|d nd|le~`xd| ldm ce|b nd {sdlb||d {sdnr~`xd/

Oe {sd{dsd ne ò~bo|`h`led od r|d nb md-nb-dcse le~`xe& e {eslbfe nd| hdad| ldmb|lsexd| od |b em{fèxe& dr |bie& d r|d nb||e hdsme nb ~secefgd ~dsoexe-|b me`|ò~bo|e& me| ed mb|md ~bm{d me`| ldolbo~sene& ds`bo~eond-|b me`| |bfb~`xembo~b{ese e eas`lrf~rse b nbo~sd nb|~e {ese d| lrf~`xd| xdf~end| {ese d bw~bs`ds/ ; b|lsexd{e||exe e |bs rme hdse nb ~secefgd sb|bsxene ed| lrf~`xd| bldodm`lembo~b me`|sbo~xb`|/ @||d {sdxexbfmbo~b dldssè {esefbfembo~b ed ermbo~d oe nbmeone {dsb|lsexd| od| lrf~`xd| xdf~end| {ese e bw{ds~ed& ldmd d eles& b nb dr~sd| odxd|&{es~`lrfesmbo~b d leh& se{`nembo~b ~seo|hdsmend oe {sòl`{ef e~`x`nenb {sdnr~`xe nbefarme| sba`b| ne Le{`~eoè/

Ldm d ermbo~d ne nbmeone {ds b|lsexd|& |re {d||b ~bonè e ldolbo~ses-|b lene xbyme`| n`sb~embo~b oe {sdnrd xdf~ene {ese e ldmbslèf`yed& dr ed| |bsx`d| fàend| eb|~e e~`x`nenb|& ldm sbnrd oe `m{ds~olè sbfe~`xe nb |br r|d od| lrf~`xd| nb {sdnr~d|{ese |rc|`|~olè b od ~secefgd ndm|~`ld/ ^bonè e em{fès-|b e `m{ds~olè nd|b|lsexd| ldmd hdse nb ~secefgd& me| sbnryè-|b |re `m{ds~olè ldmd rm mbsdldm{fbmbo~d ne md-nb-dcse hem`fès od lem{d dr od fes/ Nbxb-|b od~es urb eb|~ec`f`nenb oe {sd{dsd nb hdad| ldm b|lsexd|& od {e~emes nd| xò~b {ds lbo~d&dldssbr mb|md ldm d bw{sb||`xd ermbo~d od ombsd nb hdad| od {bsdnd/

; {sdlb||d sbnryè e `m{ds~olè sbfe~`xe nd| b|lsexd| eur` oe|l`nd|& ce|b nb ~secefgdoe me`dsè ne| sba`b| nb \d [erfd& se{`nembo~b rf~se{e||end| bm `m{ds~olè

orms`le {bfd| ehs`leod|/ Boureo~d bm 57;> |b~bo~e {ds lbo~d nd| b|lsexd|& odeasbaend ne| xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb|& hdsem lfe||`h`lend| ldmd oel`doe`|& bm 5730 d|ehs`leod| i sb{sb|bo~exem mb~enb nd| b|lsexd| ne sba`d ldm rm ~dnd/3;

Oe| sba`b| mbod| nb|boxdfx`ne|& nd {do~d nb x`|~e nd lrf~`xd {ese bw{ds~ed& ldmdoe sba`d ne Le{`~ef& od F`~dsef b od Lemògd nd \rf& e {es~`l`{ed nd| oel`doe`|meo~òge-|b& bm 5730& eòne bm |b~bo~e {ds lbo~d/ Dr |bie& d| odxd| b|lsexd|& oe |reme`dsè ehs`leod|& bsem enur`s`nd| bm |re me`ds {es~b {ese ~secefges oe| sba`b| me`|nòm`le|9 Db|~b [erf`|~e b Xefb nd [esece/ B||b| sb|rf~end| od| fbxesem e |rabs`s&bm ~secefgd eo~bs`ds 'FROE& 5003& {/ >2;)& e {d||`c`f`nenb nb sb{sdnrd oe~rsef nd|b|lsexd| bm \d [erfd& nrseo~b d |lrfd WX@@@& oe| sbe| nbn`lene| ed| lrf~`xd| nb|rc|`|~olè& {sdlb||d b|~b urb ~bsè |`nd ecds~end ldm e ò~sdnrd nd eles b ndleh bm efarme| sbe| ne Le{`~eoè/

; Xefb nd [esece& e{b|es nb ldo~es ldm {sdnrd erlesb`se bm efarme| nb |re|fdlef`nenb|& bw{eon`r-|b bm xbfdl`nenb me`ds od {s`mb`sd ures~bf nd |lrfd W@W nbx`nded leh/ [sdnry`nd ò`lèfmbo~b od f`~dsef ods~b ne Le{`~eoè& b|{efgdr-|b|`|~bme~`lembo~b od |bo~`nd ne \bsse nd Mes& b|~ecbfblbond-|b |df`nembo~b od Xefb nd[esece/ E||`m& d lsb|l`mbo~d bwlb{l`doef xbs`h`lend bm Esbè|& x`fe ~`{`lembo~b

50 E exefèd ldssb~e nd bhb`~d ne| mbn`ne| bwà`sè ldm{eses 5170 ldm 5107& {bsdnd nb xàolè ne|odsme| fbae`|/ Nene od||e ce|b nb nend|& ldm òhdsmeb| sbhbsbo~b| e 5111 b 57;>& e|ldo|burolè| bhb~`xe| {dnbm b|~es |bond n`|~dsl`ne|/

3; Bm 5730 e| òhdsmeb| e sb|{b`~d ne dsàbm nd| b|lsexd| ldo|~exe {ese 13" nd| le~`xd|/ Ob||b eodlbsle nb


10/595;

lehbb`se bm 5730& nbxb-|b bm fesae mbn`ne ed leh b od ed eles& {sdnr~d `m{ds~eo~bbm dr~se| sbe| nd Xefb nd [esece& ldmd Arese~òarb~/

[dnb-|b b|{blrfes urb& nb mdnd absef& d leh bw{eon`r-|b me`| se{`nembo~b oe| sbe|od erlesb`se|/ Donb {sbndmòexe d eles ldo~exe-|b ldm rme |f`ne ce|b{sdnr~`xe& ldm `m{ds~eo~b| òxb|~`mbo~d| bm ~bsse i {sb{esene b lrf~`xene ldmleoe-nb-eles& b|lsexd|& bur`{embo~d| b ò|~efeb|/ ; s`|ld ne ~seo|hbsolè nb||b|sblrs|d| ~dsoexe-|b ldm{ese~`xembo~b me`ds nd urb oe| sbe| nb {sbndmo`d nb

lrf~`xd| easldfe| xdf~end| |rc|`|~olè& r|refmbo~b lrf~`xd| nb l`lfd eoref b |bm ebwàolè nb ldm{fbwd| òxb|~`mbo~d| bm bur`{embo~d| b ò|~efeb|/ Ob|~e| sba`b|od erlesb`se| d| he~dsb| nb {sdnrd {dnèm |bs se{`nembo~b ~seo|hbs`nd| {ese dodxd lrf~`xd/ \b ò|~efeb| dr bur`{embo~d| bw`|~`||bm& |bsèm nb {burboe mdo~e b eme`ds {es~b r~`f`yxb`| ~emcm od leh/ Me| d urb heybs ldm d e b|~sr~rse nb rmboabogd& |b d| b|lsexd| b e ~bsse hd||bm ~seo|hbs`nd| ef~bsoe~`xembo~b nb rme{sdnrd nb eles {ese d lrf~`xd nb leh4 E e~`x`nenb oblb||`~esè ldo|df`nes-|bhds~bmbo~b bm dr~se| sbe| {ese nbmdo|~ses |re b|~ec`f`nenb& urbs nd {do~d nb x`|~e nb{sdlb||d {sdnr~`xd& ldmd {sòl`{efmbo~b nd {do~d nb x`|~e bldom`ld& {ese b|~`mrfes~seo|hbsolè od |b~ds erlesb`sd/ Od~b-|b urb d Db|~b [erf`|~e i |b ldo|~`~re bm`m{ds~eo~b lbo~sd {sdnr~ds nb eles ureond d leh {bob~sdr od Xefb nd [esece/ Od

~bsè |`nd b|~e {sdnrd erlesb`se d he~ds e sb~esnes e {sdnrd lehbb`se oe sba`d4B|~e rme g`{~b|b |bm ce|b he~ref& me| ~efxby |ào`hùrb rme `nè {ese sbhfbwd/35

3/ LESEL^BS\^@LE\ NBMDASH@LE\ ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\ NB B\LSEXD\

Xbiemd| e| {sòl`{e`| lesel~bs|~`le| nbmdash`le| nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| nb b|lsexd|/ 33\br ombsd bw{eon`r-|b ed fdoad nd {bsdnd b|~rnend& me`| ò~bo|embo~b urb d|f`xsb| bm absef b mbod| urb d| b|lsexd|/ B|~b| e{sb|bo~esem ~ewe mnè eoref nb3&3"& ldo~se 5&8" nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|/ D| f`xsb| ermbo~esem ~ewe nb 5&>"/ D|sb|rf~end| |ào`h`lexem rm e{sdhronembo~d nd {sdlb||d b|lsex`|~e& {d`| d ombsd nb|bogdsb| lsb|lè me`| se{`nembo~b urb d ~d~ef ne {d{rfed f`xsb& asr{d nd uref{sdxm d| {sd{s`b~s`d|/ Me| ed mb|md ~bm{d& ed lsb|lbs eòne me`||ào`h`le~`xembo~b e {d{rfed b|lsexe& em{fèxe-|b d ombsd mn`d nb b|lsexd| {ds{sd{s`b~s`d/

[ds sba`d& xbs`h`le-|b me`ds bw{eo|d nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| od Xefb nd [esece b od Db|~b[erf`|~e& ldm{ese~`xembo~b | nbme`| sbe|/ ; {s`mb`sd {bsdnd '5111-57;>) md|~seme`ds nòem`|md bm ~dne| e| sba`b|& bwlb~d od Xefb nd [esece 'êcbfe 3)/

ÊCBFE 3 - [SD[S@B^S@D\ [DS SBA@DSba`b| Eod| êwe| eore`| nb lsb|l`mbo~d

5111 57;> 5730 5111-57;> 57;>-5730 5111-5730

5/ Xefb nd [esece 887 5331 33;; 3&37 3&


11/5955

D| {sd{s`b~s`d|3< sb{sb|bo~exem rm asr{d b||bolèfmbo~b me|lrfòd& |`~redxbs`h`lene |bm ef~bseb| `m{ds~eo~b| od ~bm{d b od b|{ed9 nb mdnd absef d| gdmbo|sb{sb|bo~exem lbsle nb d`~bo~e {ds lbo~d nd| |bogdsb|& {dslbo~ref b|~b rf~se{e||endod Db|~b [erf`|~e b Xefb nd [esece/ êf {es~`l`{ed sb{sdnryè-|b bo~sb d| lgbhb| nbhdad| b sbhfb~è rm {ensd neurbfe |dl`bnenb& hronembo~efmbo~b ldo~sdfene {dsbfbmbo~d| nb |bwd me|lrfòd/3>

Od le|d ne| {sd{s`b~sè|& e| x`xe| {bsheyèm e mb~enb& e| |df~b`se| lbsle nb & bm X`fe S`le& {ds bwbm{fd& d| {sd{s`b~s`d| {es~`l`{exem ldm e{boe| 83": oe|dme nb dr~se| xò~b fdlef`nenb| mòb`se|& oe mb|me ne~e& e {sd{dsd nb gdmbo|bo~sb d| {sd{s`b~s`d| sb|rf~dr 80&8/32 Bm 5730& {ese \d [erfd e {sd{dsd nb

{sd{s`b~s`d| gdmbo| meo~bxb-|b od mb|md oxbf eo~bs`ds '7;"): {ese d eod nb 57


12/5953

ÊCBFE < - @OHDSMEB\ NBMDASH@LE\ ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\ B LGBHB\NB HDAD OE\ X@O^B B L@OLD FDLEF@NENB\

N`|ls`mòed Eod|

5111 57;> 5730

[dslbo~eabm nb lgbhb| nb hdad| gdmbo| 72&3 17&2 7;&7[dslbo~eabm nb {sd{s`b~s`d| gdmbo| 7;&1 17&1 7;&;

Lds nd| [sd{s`b~s`d|-{dslbo~eabm nb cseold| 00&2 0>&2 0 ;&2

He`we b~sè nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|-{dslbo~eabm bo~sb ;-30 eod| 5;&82 5>&51 52&51 >1&>5 2;&87-{dslbo~eabm bo~sb 2; b me`| eod| >>&57 3 " nb obasd| b >1" nb{esnd|/37 Od mb|md eod& od easbaend ne| xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb| nb \d [erfd&{ese rm ~d~ef nb 2/5


13/595 5730 5111 57;> 5730

Xefb [esece 7>&0 7&>Le{`~ef 11&< 18&2 11&8 33&1 3Db|~b [erf`|~e 17&1 7>&0 73&> 35&< 52&5 51&8Lemògd nd \rf 78&< 10&< 7;&1 5 35&; 33&< 50&8

^d~ef 7;&7 7;&7 73&< 50&3 50&3 51&1

Hdo~b9 e mb|me ne êcbfe 3/

[ds sba`d& e ldm{esed bo~sb e mnè nb b|lsexd| {d||rnd| {ds gdmbo| b mrfgbsb|e{sb|bo~exe e mb|me sbfed xbs`h`lene od easbaend& ldm d| gdmbo| nbmdo|~seondxefds mn`d fbxbmbo~b |r{bs`ds ed ne| mrfgbsb|& {es~`lrfesmbo~b bm 57;> b 5730:bo~sb~eo~d& bm efaro| le|d| b|{blh`ld| dldssè e |`~red òxbs|e/ Bm 5111& {ds

bwbm{fd& od Xefb nd [esece e| mrfgbsb| md|~sexem mnè |r{bs`ds e nd| gdmbo|/Bm 57;>& bm ure~sd ne| lòld sba`b| eoef`|ene| e mnè nd| gdmbo| |r{feo~exe ne| mrfgbsb|& b od Lemògd nd \rf d xefds boldo~send {ese d| nd`| |bambo~d|{se~`lembo~b |b àrefdr/ Bm 5730 sb{b~`r-|b d xbs`h`lend bm 57;>& ldm ure~sd sba`b||barònd e ~bonolè nb mnè |r{bs`ds {ese d| {sd{s`b~s`d|: bo~sb~eo~d& od Db|~b[erf`|~e e mnè boldo~sene {ese e| mrfgbsb|& 53&;& |r{bsexe nd| gdmbo|& ldm55&& ldo|`nbsene| e| xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb|& e|


16/5958

b|lsexe| {sbndmòexem od| {feo~`| nb {sd{s`bnenb ne| mrfgbsb|/ Od le|d nb 5111&e{boe| od Db|~b [erf`|~e ~ef he~d od dldssbr& dr |bie& gexè rme {burboe me`dsè nbòn`xnrd| nd |bwd me|lrfòd: oe| nbme`| sba`b| e me`dsè ldrcb | b|lsexe|/ Bm57;>& od ldoiro~d ne| fdlef`nenb| nbr-|b me`dsè hbmòòe& bmcdse bm nre| ne|sba`b| d| b|lsexd| |r{feo~e||bm e| b|lsexe|& bo~sb eurbfb| {d||rnd| {bfe|mrfgbsb|/ Bm 5730 e |`~red ef~bsdr-|b b boldo~semd|& od| {feo~`| {d||rnd| {ds{sd{s`b~sè|& me`dsè nb b|lsexd| nd |bwd me|lrfòd ~eo~d od easbaend ne| xò~b blòld fdlef`nenb| ldmd bm ure~sd ne| lòld sba`b| eoef`|ene|: oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef e

me`dsè ldrcb | mrfgbsb|/ Bm 5730& bo~sb d| b|lsexd| ldo~sdfend| {bfd| {sd{s`b~s`d|&sb|rf~exe rme {sd{dsd nb 83&8" nb gdmbo|& b bo~sb d| b|lsexd| {d||rnd| {bfe|{sd{s`b~sè| b||b {dslbo~ref sbnryè-|b {ese 22&2"/ E ef~e seyd nb me|lrfò`nenbbw`|~bo~b bo~sb d| b|lsexd| sbhfb~è-|b ~emcm |dcsb d ldoiro~d nb le~`xd| {d||rnd|{bfe| mrfgbsb|/

B|~e ldo|~e~ed nb sbfe~`xe ldssbfed bo~sb d| |bwd| nb b|lsexd| b |br| |bogdsb|~bm |`nd boldo~sene oe me`dsè nd| ~secefgd| urb b|~rnem {d||b nb b|lsexd|/ @||d~efxby {d||e |bs bw{f`lend {bfe| {s{sè| e~`x`nenb| bwbsl`ne| {bfe| mrfgbsb|& ~eo~d{sd{s`b~sè| ldmd od-{sd{s`b~sè|& me`| sbfel`doene| e ~secefgd| ldmd ld|~rse& {dsbwbm{fd& {sd{dsl`doefmbo~b ldm me`| b|lsexd| nd |bwd hbmòòd/ Oe| sbe| me`|

nòm`le|& donb {sb{donbsexem lrf~`xd| xdf~end| {ese d bw~bs`ds& ldmd Xefb nd[esece b Db|~b [erf`|~e& ldm d ermbo~d ne seyd nb me|lrfò`nenb ne {d{rfedb|lsexe bm absef lsb|lè ~emcm e {es~`l`{ed bo~sb d| b|lsexd| {d||rnd| {dsmrfgbsb|& me| |bm{sb bm {sd{dsd mbods ldm{ese~`xembo~b ed| {sd{s`b~s`d|'êcbfe 1)/

ÊCBFE 1 - SBFED BO^SB \BWD ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\ B ND\B\LSEXD\ [D\\RND\'[es~`l`{ed [dslbo~ref nd| B|lsexd| nd \bwd Me|lrfòd)

[sd{s`b~s`d| [sd{s`b~sè|5111 57;> 5730 5111 57;> 5730

Xefb [esece 21&2 21&5 8>&2 2;&2 2;&1 21&&3 >2&2 >>&> >8&8Db|~b [erf`|~e 2 83&5 81&> 2;&< 25&7 85&0Lemògd nd \rf 28&5 25&1 2>&2 >0&2 >7&5 >7&8F`~dsef 20&> 22&> 20&5 >1&3 2;&; 23&1

^d~ef 22&; 28&< 83&8 >1&7 >7&2 22&2


E eof`|b ne b|~sr~rse b~sè nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| sbfe~`xembo~b {d||b nb b|lsexd| md|~seurb rme {eslbfe bw{sb||`xe nd| b|lsexd| bse nb {sd{s`bnenb nb {b||de| bo~sb ~sò~e b|b||bo~e eod|& ldm {es~`l`{ed ne dsnbm nb 82"& fbxbmbo~b lsb|lbo~b od ~bm{d'8)/


17/5951

b~s`e& e| {sd{s`b~s`e| ldo~sdfexem 2>&0" nd| b|lsexd| nb {sd{s`bnenb ne| mrfgbsb|:bm 5111 d {dslbo~ref hdse 83&


18/5957

ÊCBFE 0 - HE@WE B^S@E ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\ B MN@E NB B\LSEXD\[D\\RND\

He`we| B~sè|;-50 3;-30 0 2;-20 8;-80 1; b me`|

[sd{s`b~s`d|

5111 2&;; 3&78 >&;7 2&;8 8& 3&5> 0 7&;85730 5 >&2; 8&3; 1&25 7&05 7&25 7&80

[sd{s`b~sè|5111 3&12 &82 >&72 2&37 2&>1 2&2857;> 3&8;


19/5950

Ob|~b le{~rfd bx`nbolèsem-|b efaro| sb|rf~end| `m{ds~eo~b|& e me`dsè ldoh`smeond~secefgd| eo~bs`dsb| |dcsb d ~bme/ @nbo~`h`ldr-|b bfbxene {sd{dsd nb b|lsexd|{d||rnd| {bfd| {sd{s`b~s`d| nd |bwd me|lrfòd: xbs`h`ldr-|b mnè nb b|lsexd|{d||rnd| {bfd| {sd{s`b~s`d| fàb`sembo~b |r{bs`ds ed ne| {sd{s`b~sè|: od~dr-|bldssb|{donolè bo~sb d |bwd nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| b nb |br| sb|{bl~`xd| b|lsexd|& dr |bie&

d| gdmbo| ~bonèm e {d||r`s me`| b|lsexd| nd |bwd me|lrfòd b e| {sd{s`b~sè| me`|b|lsexe|: {ds h`m& nb~bl~dr-|b urb e mnè nb b|lsexd| {ds {sd{s`b~s`d lsb|lb{sd{dsl`doefmbo~b he`we b~sè nd {sd{s`b~s`d '{sòl`{efmbo~b bo~sb d| gdmbo|)/

>/ E^@X@NENB\ BLDOM@LE\ ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\ NB B\LSEXD\

Eòne ldm sbfed ed| {sd{s`b~s`d| nb b|lsexd|& xbiemd| |re| e~`x`nenb| bldom`le|/@ohbf`ymbo~b& ~dsoe-|b n`hl`f dc~bs nend| {ese d {bsdnd eo~bs`ds e 5107& {d`| |dmbo~b e{es~`s nb|~b eod sba`|~sesem-|b b||e| òhdsmeb| nd| lgbhb| nb hdad|& {sd{s`b~s`d| nbb|lsexd| dr od/ Ob|~b ~secefgd& ed ldo|`nbsesmd| e| ne~e| nb 5111& 57;> b 5730&

~dsodr-|b {d||xbf d b|~rnd nb|~b| nd`| f~`md| eod|/

D| sb|rf~end| dc~`nd| ldm{sdxem e `m{ds~olè hronembo~ef ne eas`lrf~rse oeurbfe|dl`bnenb/ [ese d easbaend ne| xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb|& d| {sd{s`b~s`d| nbn`lend| {sdnrd easldfe sb{sb|bo~exem lbsle nb nd`| ~bsd| nd ~d~ef nb {sd{s`b~s`d| od| eod|nb 57;> b 5730: |br| b|lsexd| {bsheyèm& od| mb|md| eod|& {dslbo~ref eòne me`ds9|r{bs`ds e 12"/ ; {dslbo~ref e{sb|bo~exe n`hbsboe| |ào`h`le~`xe| bo~sb e| xsè| sba`b|eoef`|ene|& me| bm obogrme nbfe| d| {sd{s`b~s`d| nb||b |bambo~d sb{sb|bo~exem{b|d òhbs`ds e 2;"/

Ureo~d | nbme`| e~`x`nenb|& |re `m{ds~olè nb{bonè b||bolèfmbo~b ne sba`d/


20/593;

ldo|~`~rem d es~b|eoe~d b d ldmsl`d& oe he`we nd| nby {ds lbo~d od easbaend ne|fdlef`nenb|: e| nbme`| e{sb|bo~exem& ureo~d ed| {sd{s`b~s`d|& {b|d eòne mbods&òlfr|`xb bm e~`x`nenb| ldmd |bsx`d| b ~seo|{ds~b|/ Sbfe~`xembo~b ed| b|lsexd|& e{es~`l`{ed sb|rf~dr me`| sbnry`ne bm helb nd ce`wd ombsd nb b|lsexd| {ds{sd{s`b~s`d ob||e| e~`x`nenb|/& e {es~`l`{ed nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|nbn`lend| eas`lrf~rse |`~rexe-|b el`me nb 1;" od Db|~b [erf`|~e& od Xefb nd [esece b

od Lemògd nd \rf/ Od le|d nd| b|lsexd|& od Db|~b [erf`|~e b Xefb nd [esece& ydoe|nb ò~bo|d| lrf~`xd| xdf~end| {ese e bw{ds~ed& d {dslbo~ref ne eas`lrf~rse rf~se{e||exed| d`~bo~e {ds lbo~d '71" od Db|~b [erf`|~e)/ Oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef& donb |bldolbo~sexem e enmò`|~sed {cf`le b d ldmsl`d& `nbo~`h`ldr-|b me`ds `m{ds~olèsbfe~`xe ne| dr~se| e~`x`nenb|/ Bm 57;>& {ds bwbm{fd& d es~b|eoe~d b d ldmsl`dsb{sb|bo~exem& lene rm& 55&3" nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|: e #àsbie& enmò`|~sed {cf`le b{sdh`||b| f`cbse`|# 7&5" b d| sbo~`|~e| 2&5"/ Bm 5730& em{f`dr-|b {ese 0&3" d {b|d ne#àsbie& enmò`|~sed {cf`le b f`cbse`|# b sbnry`r-|b d nd| sbo~`|~e| {ese 5&0"/ Od| nd`|eod| e {es~`l`{ed ne eas`lrf~rse f`m`~dr-|b e lbsle nb 22" nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|/ Od le|dnd F`~dsef& bm 57;>& mbsblèm sbeflb d es~b|eoe~d '5>&1") b d ldmsl`d '0&2"): bm5730& em{f`dr-|b e `m{ds~olè sbfe~`xe nd ldmsl`d oe sba`d& sb{sb|bo~eond 58&5" nd

~d~ef nb {sd{s`b~s`d|/ Od| nd`| eod| d {b|d ne| e~`x`nenb| nd mes od efleodr


21/5935

Sbfe~`xembo~b {es~`l`{ed od| b|lsexd|& efm ne eas`lrf~rse i l`~ene& {dnbmd|bohe~`yes d {b|d nd ldmsl`d oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef& Lemògd nd \rf b F`~dsef&{sòl`{efmbo~b bm 5730/ E| nbme`| e~`x`nenb| {drld sb{sb|bo~exem od| nd`| eod| b oe|lòld sba`b|/ Oe| sbe| me`| nòm`le|& e hds~b le{`~ef`yed ne| e~`x`nenb| easldfe|&{es~`lrfesmbo~b bm b|lsexd|& n`fre e {es~`l`{ed sbfe~`xe ne| nbme`| urb& sbfe~`xembo~b eas`lrf~rse& r~`f`yexem {drld| b|lsexd| 'êcbfe 55)/

ÊCBFE 55 - [DSLBO^REF NB B\LSEXD\ [DS E^@X@NENB BLDOM@LE

Xefb Le{`~ef Db|~b Lem/ \rf F`~dsef ^d~ef

57;>Eas`lrf~rse 7&0 87&2 12&2Es~b|eoe~d 3&0 2&> 5&1 3&1 0&7 >&&5


22/5933

ÊCBFE 53 - [DSLBO^REF ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\ B B\LSEXD\ \BAROND \BWDB E^@X@NENB BLDOM@LE ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\

[dslbo~ref bm sbfed ed| {sd{s`b~s`d|Eas`lrf~rse Es~b|eoe~d @as/Enm/F`c/ Sbo~`|~e| Ldmsl`d ^seo|{ds~b|

57;>[sd{s`b~s`d| 87&1 8&; 2&1 5&1 7&0 3&7

[sd{s`b~sè| 2>&1 3;&5 ;&< 8&0 >&0 ;&>

5730[sd{s`b~s`d| 82&1 2&3 2&1 5&; 5&1 3&5 1&0 3&>[sd{s`b~sè| 15&7 5;&> ;&3 1&0

5730[sd{s`b~s`d| 10&3 5&7 ;&7 0&3 3&2[sd{s`b~sè| 18&; 8&7 ;&3 2&0 b 5730 nbr-|b hds~b bfbxed oe mnè nb b|lsexd| {d||rnd|& ~dmend dldoiro~d ne| sba`b| b ne| e~`x`nenb|& urb {e||dr nb 2&7 {ese 1&3/ ; mb|md mdx`mbo~dxbs`h`ldr-|b oe eas`lrf~rse& lrie mnè {e||dr nb 8&2 {ese 7&0& ldm mnè nb b|lsexd|{ds {sd{s`b~s`d ce|~eo~b |r{bs`ds mnè ne| nbme`| e~`x`nenb|/ Sba`doefmbo~b&nb~bl~exem-|b n`hbsboe| bw{sb||`xe| ob||b òn`lends& ~eo~d fbxeond bm ldo|`nbsed

e| e~`x`nenb| od |br ~dnd ldmd bm sbfed eas`lrf~rse bm {es~`lrfes& ldm b|~e f~`meehb~eond e mnè absef& {ds |br {b|d |ào`h`le~`xd/

Bm 57;>& {ese e eas`lrf~rse& d Db|~b [erf`|~e e{sb|bo~exe e me`ds mnè& ldm 7&8&|bar`nd {bfd F`~dsef b Xefb nd [esece& ldm on`lb| |r{bs`dsb| e |b`|/ Oe Lemògd nd \rfb sba`d ne Le{`~ef e mnè |`~rexe-|b bm 2&3 b 2&8& sb|{bl~`xembo~b/ Bm 5730 en`|{bs|d em{f`dr-|b& |bond e| mnè| me`| bfbxene| boldo~sene| odxembo~b od Db|~b[erf`|~e& ldm e bwlb{l`doef mnè nb 52&5& b od Xefb nd [esece& ldm 7&7/ Bm {e~emesò~bsmbn`s`d |`~rexe-|b d F`~dsef& ldm 1&;: oe| nbme`| 'sba`d ne Le{`~ef b Lemògd nd\rf) e mnè meo~bxb-|b {drld el`me nb lòld/ Ldo~sesèmbo~b ed hds~b lsb|l`mbo~dxbs`h`lend od Db|~b [erf`|~e b od Xefb nd [esece& e| nbme`| sba`b| sb{b~`sem xefdsb|

{se~`lembo~b `no~`ld| ed| xbs`h`lend| bm 57;>/ Dr |bie& ob||e| sba`b| e em{fèd neeas`lrf~rse od sb|rf~dr od ermbo~d od ombsd mn`d nb b|lsexd|& sbhfb~ònd lbs~eb|~ec`f`nenb od ~`{d nb lrf~`xd| sbef`yend|& eòne {sb{donbseo~bmbo~b nb |rc|`|~olè:oe| sbe| xdf~ene| {ese e bw{ds~ed& b|~e| e~`x`nenb| ldo|df`nexem-|b b ~dsoexem-|bnb me`ds {ds~b 'êcbfe 5


23/593Eas`lrf~rse 8&35 2&21 7&8> 2&35 8&7< 8&2>M`obsed 5;&; 5&;; 7&77E~`x`nenb| Mes >&51 >&51

Es~b|eoe~d 3&>> 3&>; 5&01 3&>8 2 0& 8&00 7&0;E~`x`nenb| Mes 3&11 3&11Es~b|eoe~d 3& 2&1&>2 >&7> &08 8&21 >&05^seo|{ds~b| >&28 8&0; 8&82 2&58 8&;>\bsx`d| 5&;; 3&;; 5&2;Idsoefb`sd| 5&2; 3&8; >&2; 3&


24/593>

bw{sb||`xd ne sba`d ne Le{`~ef&


25/5932

[sd||barònd& |basbaemd| d| {sd{s`b~s`d| {ds e~`x`nenb b ~emeogd nb {feo~bf/

Bm 57;>& d| {burbod| {sd{s`b~s`d| e{sb|bo~exem {es~`l`{ed mesleo~b bm ~dne| e|e~`x`nenb|/ ; {b|d neurbfb| urb {d||rem bo~sb rm b lòld le~`xd| sb|rf~exe |r{bs`ds e82"& sbfe~`xembo~b ed| {sd{s`b~s`d| {ese e xsè| e~`x`nenb| bldom`le|/ E eas`lrf~rsemd|~sexe d mbods {dslbo~ref& ldm 82&5"& b d es~b|eoe~d d me`ds& ldm 70&8"/ \bb|~bonbsmd| d ~emeogd& ldo|`nbseond d| {feo~`| nb e~ nby le~`xd|& bm ~dne| e|e~`x`nenb|& òlfr|`xb oe eas`lrf~rse& sb|rf~exe rme bwlb{l`doef ldolbo~sed nb

{sd{s`b~s`d|& e xesès bo~sb 7& i sb{sb|bo~exem 0&7&;"nd| b|lsexd|/ Dr |bie& bm 5730 d| {sd{s`b~s`d| ldm e~ xò~b b|lsexd|& urbsb{sb|bo~exem lbsle nb 0;" nd| le|d|& ldo~sdfexem {drld me`| ne mb~enb nd|b|lsexd|: {ds dr~sd fend& eurbfb| ldm xò~b dr me`| le~`xd|& ldm {dslbo~ref òhbs`ds e5;" nd| le|d|& {d||rem e dr~se mb~enb/


26/5938

D| ombsd| nb 5730 sbhfb~èm e ò~bo|`h`led nd| lrf~`xd| xdf~end| {ese bw{ds~ed/ D|sb|rf~end| hdsem hds~bmbo~b òhfrbolènd| {bfe sbef`nenb nd Db|~b [erf`|~e: ef` d||bogdsb| ldm me`| nb xò~b le~`xd| '{drld me`| nb 52" nd| eas`lrf~dsb|) ldo~sdfexemlbsle nb 1;" nd| le~`xd|/ Oe| nbme`| sbe|& òlfr|`xb od Xefb nd [esece& d|{bslbo~re`| bsem mr`~d òhbs`dsb|/ Ob|~e sba`d& {ds bwbm{fd& d mb|md |bambo~d nbeas`lrf~dsb| {d||re >5&1": od F`~dsef


27/5931

>/5/ [sd{s`b~s`d| b E~`x`nenb| Easldfe|

E `m{ds~olè ne eas`lrf~rse bm \d [erfd ir|~`h`le |re nb|easbaed/ E {sbdlr{edme`ds sbfel`doe-|b ldm e |b{esed nb e~`x`nenb| xdf~ene| {sdnrd nb {sdnr~d| {esebw{ds~ed& ~e`| ldmd leh b eles& b nd| lrf~`xd| nb aobsd| ef`mbo~l`d|/ Ldmdxbsbmd| ed fdoad nd {bsdnd nb 57;> e 5730& dldssbsem mrneoe| |rc|~eolè`| oe`m{ds~olè sbfe~`xe nb||e| e~`x`nenb|/

Bm 57;>& od easbaend ne| fdlef`nenb| b bm lene rme ne| sba`b|& xbs`h`ldr-|bbw{sb||`xd {b|d nd |bambo~d urb ldm{ds~e e {sdnrd nb ef`mbo~d| ldmd m`fgd& hbìd&essdy& meon`dle b~l/& cbm ldmd nb {sdnr~d| od lfesembo~b `nbo~`h`lend| oe| f`|~e|odmòe~`xe| b ef` n`|ls`mòend| {bfd odmb abos`ld nb meo~`mbo~d|/ ; easbaend nb|~b|{sdnr~d|& e{sb|bo~end| ob|~b ~secefgd |dc d ~~rfd nb #dr~sd| lrf~`xd|#& nbxè |bsx`s ~eo~ded ldo|rmd nd| eas`lrf~dsb| ldmd xbone nb |br| bwlbnbo~b|& b sb{sb|bo~es rme hdo~b`m{ds~eo~b nb sbone {ese e me`dsè nd| eas`lrf~dsb|& ldm dr |bm b|lsexd|/ Od ldoiro~dne| fdlef`nenb|& 13&>" nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| b|~exem sbfel`doend| ldm ~ef |bambo~d/Sba`doefmbo~b& `nbo~`h`le-|b rme mesleo~b {es~`l`{ed sbfe~`xe nb||b |bambo~d nd|{sdnr~dsb| srse`| bm ~dne| e| sbe|& ldm {bslbo~re`| xesèond bo~sb 20&3" od Db|~b

[erf`|~e e 7>&3" oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef/ Ureo~d ed| le~`xd|& ~e`| {bslbo~re`| sb~seem-|bbm nbldssolè nd sbnry`nd ~emeogd mn`d nd| {feo~`|/ [ese d| #dr~sd| lrf~`xd|#&ldo|`nbsene| ~dne| e| fdlef`nenb|& sb|rf~dr xefds nb >7&7"/ Od Db|~b [erf`|~e& dbw{sb||`xd {b|d nd| aseonb| {sd{s`b~s`d|& od sbfel`doend| ldm b|~e| lrf~rse|& sbnryèe {es~`l`{ed nd |bambo~d {ese e{boe| 3>&>"/ ; {dslbo~ref meo~òge-|b bfbxend oe|nbme`|& {es~`lrfesmbo~b oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef& ldm 1" nd| b|lsexd|& {es~`lrfesmbo~b bm mn`d| b aseonb| {feo~`|/ Od F`~dsef& d|{sdnr~dsb| nb eles sb{sb|bo~exem 57&8" nd| |bogdsb| b |br| le~`xd| ldssb|{donème &;" nd| b|lsexd| ne sba`d: od Xefb nd [esece d| {bslbo~re`| bsem nb 1&15" b50&78"& sb|{bl~`xembo~b: {ds h`m& od Lemògd nd \rf


28/5937

Ob||b eod nb 57;> d leh eòne od ~òge urefurbs bw{sb||d oe| xò~b b lòldfdlef`nenb| b|~rnene|/ E{esblèm e{boe| 33 {sd{s`b~s`d| od |b~ds& |bond ure~sd od Xefbnd [esece& odxb od Db|~b [erf`|~e b odxb od F`~dsef 'êcbfe 57)/

ÊCBFE 57 [DSLBO^REF NB [SD[S@B^S@D\ [DS E^@X@NENB EASLDFE

Xefb Le{`~ef Db|~b Lem/ \rf F ~dsef ^d~ef

57;>Eles 1&15 ;&88 &;0 3&00 2&21 2&> 5&;7 5&1< ;&20êceldDr~sd| lrf~`xd| 13&50 7>&51 20&35 10&38 88&>5 13&&7< 3&&;3 8&15[b|le Hfrxèf ;&&85 ;&1[b|le Hfrxèf 3&01Bw~se~`x`|md ;&53 ;&3< ;&;0 ;&55

Xbiemd| e |`~red bm 5730/ E mrneoe me`| `m{ds~eo~b xbs`h`lene bm 5730&ldm{ese~`xembo~b e 57;>& hd` d lsb|l`mbo~d bwlb{l`doef nd lrf~`xd nb leh od Xefb nd

[esece&>>

Od F`~dsef b oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef d {b|d nd| lehb`lrf~dsb| |`~rexe-|b bm |b`| {ds lbo~d& b|br| b|lsexd| sb{sb|bo~exem lbsle nb d`~d {ds lbo~d/ Od Db|~b [erf`|~e b od Lemògd

nd \rf e lehb`lrf~rse od e{sb|bo~exe urefurbs bw{sb||d/ Bmcdse d {b|d ne lehb`lrf~rsehd||b fdlef`yend& d| b|lsexd| {d||rnd| {ds lehb`lrf~dsb| sb{sb|bo~exem 51&38" nd ~d~eff`|~end& bm 5730& oe| xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb|/

Sbfe~`xembo~b ed| #dr~sd| lrf~`xd|#& sbnry`r-|b |br {b|d sbfe~`xd& ~eo~d bm sbfed ed|{sd{s`b~s`d| ldmd ed| b|lsexd|/ Od easbaend ne| fdlef`nenb|& ureo~d ed| {sd{s`b~s`d|&e {es~`l`{ed sbnry`r-|b nb 13&>" {ese 8


29/5930

ldo~òrexem od |bambo~d& {sdnryònd ef`mbo~d| nb |rc|`|~olè: oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef|br {b|d efleoexe 13&;"/

E e~`x`nenb erlesb`se meo~bxb sbfe~`xembo~b b|~xbf |re {es~`l`{ed/>2 Od Db|~b[erf`|~e& {sòl`{ef sbe {sdnr~dse& d {b|d nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| fàend| ed lrf~`xd sb|rf~exe8 Oe| nbme`| sbe| d {b|d nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| ob||b |bambo~d bse9 >&" {ese |re `m{ds~olè me`dsdldssè od Xefb nd [esece& ldm 5>&7" nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| b 33&7" nd| b|lsexd|& b odLemògd nd \rf& ldm {es~`l`{eb| nb 5>&;" b 38&5"& sb|{bl~`xembo~b/ Od Xefb nd[esece nb|~elexem-|b Lroge b \d Fr| nd [ese`~òae/ Od Lemògd nd \rf d sbeflb

lecè e Lrs`~`ce/ Bm 5730 sbnry`r-|b e `m{ds~olè sbfe~`xe ne {blrsè od Xefb nd[esece&>1 ~eo~d bm sbfed ed| {sd{s`b~s`d| ldmd ed| b|lsexd|/ E||`m& >&5" nd||bogdsb| boldo~sexem-|b oe {blrsè& ldm 8&27&5" nd| od-{sd{s`b~s`d| nb b|lsexd|nbn`lexem-|b e b||e e~`x`nenb ldmd dlr{ed {sòl`{ef/ 'HBSOEONY& 5003)


30/59


31/59Eles 50&78 5&02 1;&>3 53&;0 &;; &38 1&8&;8 >7&75[blrsè 33&11 >&8< 3&;2 38&;1 0&0;[b|le Hfrxèf ;&33 ;&;> ;&55 ;&;2

5730Eles 5;&71 5&27 17&7< 3;&3< 5;&5< >Earesnbo~b 1&2> 5>&88 ;&08 3&;; 2&22 2&32Leoe [es~`nd ;&18 ;&27 ;&>&75 7&5; ;&51 ;&>1 1&02 51&38êceld ;&3< ;&;7

Dr~sd| lrf~`xd| 30&>; 13&;3 5>&13 85&0


32/59>&5")/ E |ào`h`le~`xe {es~`l`{ed nd Xefb nd[esece b nd Db|~b [erf`|~e od ~d~ef nb b|lsexd| ne Le{`~eoè '82") òhfrbol`dr|dcsbmeob`se e efdled nb b|lsexd| ne| xò~b b lòld fdlef`nenb|& sb|rf~eond 23 bm{es~`l`{ed ne| e~`x`nenb| ~`{`h`lene| ldmd nb bw{ds~ed& ne dsnbm nb 2


33/59 Oe{blrsè& me`| ne mb~enb nd| le|d| xbs`h`lesem-|b od Xefb nd [esece& |bar`nd {bfdLemògd nd \rf& ldm ldolbo~sed nb ~sò~e {ds lbo~d nd| lsèndsb| 'êcbfe 35)/

ÊCBFE 35 - E^@X@NENB\ EASLDFE\ N@\^S@CRNE\ [DS SBA@D

Xefb Le{`~ef Db|~b Lem/\rf F`~dsef ^d~ef

57;>Eles 5>&&80 >&30 52& 8;&32 2&&>3 35& ;&;; 30&51 ;&;; 8&8> 37&37 57&>3 52&17 53&77 5;;&;;[blrsè 3>&20 8&28 50&81 5;;&;;

5730Eles 5;&7 73&7; 7 5;;&;;Earesnbo~b >0&78 > 5;;&;;

Leh 0;&5< 2&3; ;&&5; 5;;&;;Dr~sd| lrf~`xd| 31&;8 32&35 57&7> 52&85 5> 1&27 37&17 3;&3; ;&;; 5;;&;;


Xbiemd|& e |bar`s& e| mb|me| òhdsmeb| fbxeond bm ldo~e d |bwd nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|/ En`|~s`cr`d bo~sb {sd{s`b~s`d| b {sd{s`b~sè| sb{sdnryè& bm lbs~e mbn`ne& e {sd{dsdxbs`h`lene od ~d~ef nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| oe eas`lrf~rse ldmd rm ~dnd/ Nb mdnd absef& e{es~`l`{ed me|lrfòe od ombsd nb {sdnr~dsb| {ds |bambo~d easldfe |`~rdr-|b edsbnds nb 7;" e 0;"& ldm{esblbond e| mrfgbsb| ldm d {dslbo~ref sb|~eo~b 'bo~sb 5; b3;")& od gexbond |b~ds lfesembo~b `nbo~`h`lend ldmd me|lrfòd dr hbmòòd/ B||en`|~s`cr`d meo~òge-|b ~emcm {ese d {dslbo~ref nb b|lsexd| {d||rnd| {ds{sd{s`b~s`d| gdmbo| b mrfgbsb|& {ds |bambo~d/ \b ~dmesmd| d| nd`| me`| sbfbxeo~b|&eles b leh& {dnbmd| e{sdhrones d| sb|rf~end|/ Bm 5730& od le|d nd eles& d|gdmbo| {bsheyèm 7>&1" nd ~d~ef nb {sd{s`b~s`d| ob||b |bambo~d: |br| b|lsexd|sb{sb|bo~exem 7


34/59

ÊCBFE 33 - [DSLBO^REF ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\ B B\LSEXD\ [DS\BWD B E^@X@NENB EASLDFE ND\ [SD[S@B^S@D\

Eles Earesnbo~b Leh Dr~sd| [blrsèLrf~/

[dslbo~ref bm sbfed ed| {sd{s`b~s`d|57;>[sd{s`b~s`d| 0;&18 78&0< - 10&07 77& 5&80 7&27[sd{s`b~sè| 52&3

[dslbo~ref bm sbfed ed| b|lsexd|57;>[sd{s`b~s`d| 77&12 73&15 - 18&58 78&85[sd{s`b~sè| 55&32 51&30 - 3 5


35/59Eles 52&0< 58& 50&73 53&>8 58&25Earesnbo~b >&;< 7&7> 1&;7 >&&8; >&8;

Leh > 55&17 1&8>êceldDr~sd| lrf~`xd| >&81 >&70 &>5[blrsè 0&2> 55&5; 7&15 0&80 0&88[b|le hfrxèf &7; 33êceld >&15 >&15

Dr~sd| lrf~`xd| 2&32 >&>5 >&58 2&>7 >&8>[blrsè 5>&;1 52&57 5;&12 1&;8 5;&08[b|le hfrxèf 3&;8 3&;8Bw~se~`x`|md 3&2; 5&2; 3&;; 3&;;


E mb|me easbaed i bhb~rene eo~bs`dsmbo~b& bo~sb {sdnr~d| nb bw{ds~ed b nbmbslend ò~bsod& {bsm`~`s ldm{eses e mnè nb b|lsexd| nb||b| nd`| |bambo~d|/ D|nd`| asr{d| e{sb|bo~em sb|rf~end| ce|~eo~b n`hbsbo~b| bo~sb |`& bx`nbolèond e bhb~`xen`|{es`nenb nb {ds~b nb||b| nd`| ~`{d| nb lrf~`xd|/ Od| nb|~òend| ed mbslend bw~bsod& emnè absef ne| xsè| sba`b| |`~rdr-|b bm 58&5 '57;>) b 50&; '5730)/ [ese d| mb|md|eod| d| {sdnr~d| nb mbslend ò~bsod md|~sesem ombsd| me`| mdnb|~d|9 2&5 b 2&2&sb|{bl~`xembo~b 'êcbfe 3>)/

ÊCBFE 3> - MN@E NB B\LSEXD\ [D\\RND\ [DS @[D NB LRF^@XD

Xefb Le{`~ef Db|~b Lem/ \rf F`~dsef ^d~ef

57;>Bw{ds~ed 52&32 58&8 50&73 53&>5 58&53

Mbslend ò~bsod 2&>5 2&2; &1< 2&>5 2&;8

5730Bw{ds~ed 53&>2 1&;7


36/59 ldmd bm 5730 'êcbfe 32)/

ÊCBFE 32 - MN@E NB B\LSEXD\ [D\\RND\& [DS \BWD B E^@X@NENBND [SD[S@B^S@D

Eles Earesnbo~b Leh Dr~sd| Lrf~/ [blrsè

57;>[sd{s`b~s`d| 58&52 1&27 7&52 >&3; 0&>1[sd{s`b~sè| 3;&;0 5;&2> 8&70 2&32 55&5;

5730[sd{s`b~s`d| 1 >&22 5;&23[sd{s`b~sè| &85 5 52&>" nd| |bogdsb| ob||ee~`x`nenb& bmcdse |br| b|lsexd| sb{sb|bo~e||bm |dmbo~b 5>&>0" nd| le~`xd|sbfel`doend| ldm e {sdnrd erlesb`se: bm 5730 ~e`| ombsd| |dhsbsem mdn`h`led{sdhrone& {dsureo~d d {b|d bo~sb d| |bogdsb| sb~se`r-|b {ese 5& {dslbo~ref{se~`lembo~b `no~`ld ureo~d ed| |bogdsb| b b|lsexd|& ne dsnbm nb xò~b b lòld {ds

lbo~d/ Bm 5730 d {dslbo~ref bo~sb |bogdsb| |`~rexe-|b bm 30&& d| {sd{s`b~s`d| ob||b |bambo~d ldm{rogem30&5" nd| |bogdsb| b |br| b|lsexd| i sb{sb|bo~exem 83&2" nd| le~`xd|: bm 5730 d|{bslbo~re`| bfbxesem-|b {ese 28&0" b 73&1"/ Dr |bie& d| aseonb| {sd{s`b~s`d| 'el`menb xò~b le~`xd|) ldm{esblèm ldm {dslbo~ref bfbxend ~eo~d bo~sb |bogdsb| nb boabogd'me`| ne mb~enb) ldmd nb~ògem >$2 nd| b|lsexd| nb|~e e~`x`nenb easldfe/ \bnb|easbaesmd| b||b |bambo~d b ~dmesmd| e{boe| eurbfb| ldm me`| nb uresbo~ele~`xd|& od~e-|b urb d| mb|md|& bm 5730& sb{sb|bo~exem e ures~e {es~b nd| {sdnr~dsb|nb eles b |br| le~`xd| me`| ne mb~enb nd ~d~ef/ D| ombsd| sbhfb~bm e |`~red ndDb|~b [erf`|~e& donb dldssè ldolbo~sed ne e~`x`nenb erlesb`se/ Bm 5730& ob||esba`d& d {b|d nd| |bogdsb| ldm me`| nb uresbo~e le~`xd| |`~rexe-|b bm 31&8" b |br|le~`xd| sb{sb|bo~exem 2>&8" nd ~d~ef nb b|lsexd| sbfel`doend| ldm e heòe erlesb`se/

Oe {sdnrd ne earesnbo~b bx`nbolèxe-|b sbfe~`xe ldolbo~sed& me| bm mbods aserldm{ese~`xembo~b ed eles/ Bm 57;>& od |bambo~d nb e~ nby le~`xd|& |`~rexem-|b{sd{s`b~s`d| e {bsheybs 18&>" nd| |bogdsb| b |br| b|lsexd| sb{sb|bo~exem >5&0" ne{d{rfed b|lsexe ob||e e~`x`nenb/ Bo~sb d| |bogdsb| ldm doyb e xò~b le~`xd| d{dslbo~ref bse ne dsnbm nb ~sò~e {ds lbo~d {ese b|lsexd| b {sd{s`b~s`d|/ Od| me`dsb|{feo~`| 'el`me nb xò~b b|lsexd|) ldo~esem-|b e{boe| 2&2" nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|& me| |br|

b|lsexd| {es~`l`{exem ldm d ef~d oxbf nb 38&


37/597&5" nd| b|lsexd|& {sdlb||d urb lemògexe {ese rme òbaxbf|r{sbmelè nd| mn`d| b aseonb| {sdnr~dsb|& dldss`nd oe |barone mb~enb nd |lrfd{e||end/28 Bm 5730& d| lehb`lrf~dsb| nb mn`d b aseonb {ds~b ldo~sdfexem ure|b emb~enb nd| b|lsexd| efdlend| oe {sdnrd nb leh: bo~sb~eo~d& eòne {bsmeoblè {es~bbw{sb||`xe ne e~`x`nenb oe| md| nb {burbod| {sd{s`b~s`d| b mb|md nb od{sd{s`b~s`d| nb b|lsexd|/21

Oe {blrsè& ~eo~d bm 57;> ldmd bm 5730 lbsle nb 82" nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| |`~rexem-|b

od |bambo~d nb e~ nby le~`xd|& ldm d ldo~sdfb nb lbsle nb 7" bm 5751& sbnry`r-|b {ese


38/59 ldmd bm 5730 lbsle nb 12" nd| mb|md| {d||remlòld dr mbod| b|lsexd|& b ~ef ldoiro~d nb le~`xd| sb{sb|bo~exe lbsle nb uresbo~e {dslbo~d nd| le~`xd|: |b boafdcesmd| d ldoiro~d hdsmend {bfe| {b||de| ldm {feo~b`| nb 5 e5; le~`xd|& d| {bslbo~re`| el`me |b bfbxexem {ese lbsle nb 0;" b d| b|lsexd||`~rexem-|b ed sbnds nb 88" nd ~d~ef/ D| {sd{s`b~s`d| nb aseonb {ds~b ob||b |bambo~d{sdnr~`xd bsem {drld|& b mb|md |br| b|lsexd| od sb{sb|bo~exem {eslbfe bw{sb||`xend| b|lsexd| oe e~`x`nenb: ~dmend| d| {sd{s`b~s`d| ldm me`| nb xò~b le~`xd|& |br {b|d

bo~sb d| {sd{s`b~s`d| od efleoexe "/ B||e e~`x`nenbnb #dr~sd| lrf~`xd|# sb{sb|bo~exe e ce|b hronembo~ef ne eas`lrf~rse oe Le{`~eoè/ Obfe |bldolbo~sexe rme {eslbfe bw{sb||`xe nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| nb b|lsexd|& e me`dsè nb {burbod{ds~b: e aseonb ureo~`nenb nb {sdnr~dsb| ob||b |bambo~d& bmcdse ldm {drld| b|lsexd|òn`x`nrefmbo~b& heyè ldm urb rme {eslbfe |ào`h`le~`xe ne {s{sè {d{rfed b|lsexe&mb~enb bm 57;> b e ~bse {es~b bm 5730& |b ldolbo~se||b ob||e e~`x`nenb/Sb{sb|bo~exe ~emcm d |bambo~d nb {sdnrd ldm me`ds {b|d nd| od {sd{s`b~s`d|/Bm Esbè|& {ds bwbm{fd& od {bsdnd 5751 e 57


39/59


40/59>;

D ld~bid bo~sb e| ~s| sbe| md|~se e bw`|~olè nb rm sbfe~`xd {ensd ob||b |bambo~dbldom`ld& ònb{bonbo~b ne sba`d nd [e|/ [ds dr~sd fend& sbxbfe urb e e~`x`nenberlesb`se {erf`|~e& bmcdse mbods bm ~emeogd& ldm{ese~`xembo~b | dr~se| nre|&e{sb|bo~exe {ds~b b n`mbo|b| ldo|`nbsxb`| od eod eur` e{sb|bo~end/ êfxby d|{s{s`d| b|~rnd| ne |dl`bnenb {erf`|~e nbxem bohdles me`| b||e e~`x`nenb& urb |bm{sbldolbo~sdr e e~bod nd| b|~rnd| nbn`lend| |dl`bnenb odsnb|~òe 'êcbfe 37)/

ÊCBFE 37 - [D\\B NB B\LSEXD\ BO^SB \BOGDSB\ NB BOABOGD BMXS@E\ LE[@ÊO@E\

Le{`~eoè Db|~b X`fe nb X`fe nb \d X`fe \eo~d S`d nb\/ [erfd'f) [erf`|~e Lem{òe| Hseol`|ld Emesd Ieob`sd5730 5730 5730 5758-1 5758-1 5112

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41/59>5

gdmdabob`nenb& sba`doefmbo~b b {ds fdlef`nenb/ Od easbaend d on`lb hd` nb ;&>0& 85 bbo~sb e| xsè| sba`b| |`~rdr-|b oe he`we bo~sb ;&25 'Lemògd nd \rf b Sba`d neLe{`~ef) b ;&21 'Db|~b [erf`|~e)/ \d xefdsb| ce`wd|& |ào`h`leond rme sbnry`neldolbo~sed oe {d||b nb le~`xd| 'êcbfe 30)/

ÊCBFE 30 - @ON@LENDSB\ B\Ê^\^@LD\ NE [D\\B NB B\LSEXD\&\BAROND SBA@B\

@on`lendsb|

Sba`b|$Eod Mnè Mdne Mbnèoe on`lb nb Aò` Me`ds {sd{s`b~s`d/

5111Xefb [esece 2&87 5 < ;&251 8>Le{`~ef 2&70 5;;Db|~b [erf`|~e 2&;0 5 < ;&>35 53>Lemògd nd \rf >&1< 5 < ;&>00 7;F`~dsef 2&55 5 < ;&25< 550^d~ef 2&3> 5 < ;&>70 53>

57;>Xefb [esece 2&80 5 < ;&2>8 17Le{`~ef 2&52 5 < ;&250 71Db|~b [erf`|~e 1&50 5 < ;&277 5;;Lemògd nd \rf >&00 5 < ;&2> 7>^d~ef 2&75 5 < ;&22< 5;;

5730Xefb [esece 1&2> 5 > ;&8;> 58>Le{`~ef 2&;< 5 < ;&231 532Db|~b [erf`|~e 55&31 5 > ;&8>2 5&8> 5 < ;&250 00

F`~dsef 8&3; 5 < ;&21> 5;5^d~ef 1&32 5 < ;&85; 58>


Bm 57;> e |`~red |dhsbr {drle ef~bsed/ Nbr-|b {burboe bfbxed oe mnè ndeasbaend nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|& nb 2&3 {ese 2&7/ Oe me`dsè ne| sba`b| b mb|md bm oxbf nbfdlef`nenb| od dldssbsem mrneoe| bw{sb||`xe|& |`~reond-|b& bm ~dne| e| sba`b|& oehe`we nb 2&; 'Lemògd nd \rf) b 8&5 'F`~dsef)/ E{boe| od Db|~b [erf`|~e/ i |bbx`nbolèxem |òe`| nb lsb|l`mbo~d oe mnè nb b|lsexd| {d||rnd| 'xefds nb 1&3 bm57;>)/ Nd {do~d nb x`|~e ne| fdlef`nenb| ldm mnè bfbxene& nb|~elexe-|b @~& ldm 0&&3) b @~/ '55&;)/ Od Xefb nd [esece

~emcm xbs`h`ldr-|b rm xefds sbfe~`xembo~b |ào`h`le~`xd '1&8)& ob|~b le|d òhfrbolènd {dsEsbè| '0&


42/59>3

nbme`| sba`b| d| sb|rf~end| boldo~send| |`~rexem-|b od| {e~emesb| eo~bs`dsb|/ Ureo~ded on`lb nb Aò`& dldssbr& od easbaend ne| fdlef`nenb|& hds~b ermbo~d& {e||eond nb;&22 '57;>) {ese ;&85'5730)& sb|rf~end {sdxdlend {es~`lrfesmbo~b {bfe| ef~d| on`lb|boldo~send| od Db|~b [erf`|~e ';&8>) b Xefb nd [esece ';&20)/ Oe| nbme`| sba`b|meo~`xbsem-|b d| on`lb| nb ldolbo~sed/ @on`x`nrefmbo~b& mbsblbm sbeflb e| x`fe| nbLem{òe| ';&81)& Mda` M`s`m ';&8>) b Ironè ';&8>)& ~dne| fdlef`yene| od Db|~b [erf`|~e/

\b leflrfesmd| d on`lb nb Aò` {ese mbn`s e {d||b nb b|lsexd|& me| fbxeond bm ldo~e

~emcm eurbfb| |bm b|lsexd|& xbs`h`le-|b rme bw{sb||`xe bfbxed ob||b òn`lends urbmbnb ldolbo~sed/83 Od eod nb 5730& ureond dldssè rme {sd{dsd nb hdad| ldmb|lsexd| e xesès bo~sb 3; b


43/59>7

B|~b| {feo~`| ro`~s`d| b mb|md eurbfb| ldm nd`| dr ~s| b|lsexd| ~efxby |be{sdw`me||bm mr`~d nd| od-{sd{s`b~s`d|: ed mbod| bm ~bsmd| bldom`ld|& ~efxbyod nb {d|`d |dlèf/ [d||r`s b|lsexd| sb{sb|bo~exe rm `m{ds~eo~b |mcdfd nb|~e~r||dlèf/ Bsem sesd| d| aseonb| {sd{s`b~s`d|/ @||d hd` x`|~d bm od||d| ~secefgd||dcsb Mòe| Abse`|& {rcf`lend| od òl`d ne nlene nb d`~bo~e/ Oeurbfe d{ds~ro`nenbd| sb|rf~end| od| |rs{sbbonbsem: nb{d`| |b sb{sdnry`sem bm dr~sd| ~secefgd| |dcsbMòe| Abse`| b dr~se| sbe| nd ~bss`~s`d/ Mb|md od Odsnb|~b erlesb`sd& bwlb~d oe|sbe| n`sb~embo~b boxdfx`ne| ldm e {s{sè {sdnrd nb eles& d er~ds urb

{sdhronembo~b b|~rndr b||e sba`d lgemdr e e~bod {ese d sbnry`nd ~emeogd nd{feo~bf mn`d/1; Bo~sb m`fgesb| nb {sd{s`b~s`d| b|~rnend| {ds o| bm Mòe| Abse`|b \d [erfd& e~ 57 b 5730/ ; b|~rndldo~bm{fdr e nòm`le ne {d{rfed b xs`d| e|{bl~d| nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| nb b|lsexd|&~e`| ldmd lesel~bs|~`le| nbmdash`le|& e~`x`nenb| b {d||b nb b|lsexd|/ Nb mdnd absef&sb|rm`md| e |bar`s e| {sòl`{e`| bx`nolè| boldo~sene|9

ed fdoad nd {bsdnd 5111-5730 e Le{`~eoè nb \d [erfd e{sb|bo~dr bw{sb||`xdlsb|l`mbo~d {d{rfel`doef& ne dsnbm nb 5&22" ed eod& mesle |r{bsene {bfe{d{rfed b|lsexe& ldm ~ewe eoref nb 3&50"& e{sdhroneond e| sbfeb| b|lsex`|~e|/; Xefb nd [esece b d Db|~b [erf`|~e sb{sb|bo~esem e| sba`b| ldm me`dsb| ~ewe| nbbw{eo|d od {bsdnd& eo~b e {sdnrd nb {sdnr~d| nb|~òend| bw{ds~ed:

ldmd lesel~bs|~`le| nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| nb b|lsexd| {dnbmd| l`~es e {sbndmòolème|lrfòe& e lds cseole& e dsàbm ne {s{sè Le{`~eoè nb \d [erfd b e {drle`m{ds~olè nd| bfbmbo~d| hdssd|:

`nbo~`h`ldr-|b bfbxene {sd{dsd nb b|lsexd| {d||rnd| {bfd| {sd{s`b~s`d| nd |bwdme|lrfòd: xbs`h`ldr-|b mnè nb b|lsexd| {d||rnd| {bfd| {sd{s`b~s`d| fàb`sembo~b|r{bs`ds ne| {sd{s`b~sè|: od~dr-|b ldssb|{donolè bo~sb d |bwd nd| {sd{s`b~s`d|

1; \bm nx`ne d| e|{bl~d| me`| od~xb`| ') |d e n`|~s`cr`d sbfe~`xembo~b ro`hdsmb ne {d||b nbb|lsexd| od Sblolexd ceèod b d ldoldm`~eo~b ~emeogd sbnry`nd nd {feo~bf mn`d '\LGQES^Y&5002& {/


49/59>0

b nb |br| sb|{bl~`xd| b|lsexd|: sb|rf~dr mnè nb b|lsexd| {ds {sd{s`b~s`dlsb|lbo~b& {sd{dsl`doefmbo~b he`we b~sè nd {sd{s`b~s`d:

ureo~d | e~`x`nenb|& `nbo~`h`ldr-|b aseonb {b|d ne eas`lrf~rse& od easbaend ne|fdlef`nenb| b bm ~dne| e| sba`b|& ldm {dslbo~ref nb lbsle nb nd`| ~bsd| nd|{sd{s`b~s`d| b ure~sd urò~d| nd| b|lsexd|: e{boe| oe sba`d ne Le{`~ef xbs`h`ldr-|bme`ds |ào`h`lolè ne| dr~se| e~`x`nenb|& ~e`| ldmd es~b|eoe~d& ldmsl`d& #àsbie&enmò`|~sed {cf`le b {sdh`||`doe`| f`cbse`|#:

ureond |b n`x`nbm d| {sd{s`b~s`d| {ds |bwd b e~`x`nenb& od~e-|b mnè nb b|lsexd|{d||rnd| sbfe~`xembo~b bur`f`csene bo~sb gdmbo| b mrfgbsb|: od ldoiro~d ne|e~`x`nenb| e mnè ne| {sd{s`b~sè| md|~sexe-|b mbods& {bfd |br me`ds {b|d bme~`x`nenb| ldm ce`we mnè nb b|lsexd|& ~e`| ldmd d es~b|eoe~d:

bo~sb 57;> b 5730 bfbxdr-|b e mnè nb b|lsexd| {d||rnd|& {es~`lrfesmbo~b odDb|~b [erf`|~e b od Xefb nd [esece& dc~bond-|b& ob|~b f~`md eod& mnè nb 52&5 b7&7& sb|{bl~`xembo~b: bo~sb 5111 b 57;> e b|~sr~rse meo~`xbse-|b sbfe~`xembo~bb|~xbf:

ureo~d n`|~s`cr`d nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| {ds ~emeogd nb {feo~bf& od~exe-|b& odeasbaend ne| fdlef`nenb|& rm {b|d bfbxend nd| {burbod| b mn`d| |bogdsb|&ureond ldo|`nbsend |re {es~`l`{ed bo~sb d| {sd{s`b~s`d|& me| ldm |ào`h`le~`xebw{sb||d nd| aseonb|& ureond ldo|`nbsend e {sd{dsd sbfe~`xembo~b ed|b|lsexd|/ Bm 5730& ~dmeond-|b d |bambo~d nb rm e xò~b le~`xd|& |br {b|d bo~sb d|{sd{s`b~s`d| efleoexe d bw{sb||`xd {dslbo~ref nb 0;": bo~sb d| b|lsexd| d{dslbo~ref |`~rexe-|b bm 2;"/ E dr~se mb~enb nd| b|lsexd| bse ldo~sdfene {bfd||bogdsb| ldm me`| nb xò~b b|lsexd|& urb {bsheyèm e nl`me {es~b nd| |bogdsb|:

od Db|~b [erf`|~e {sdlb||exe-|b rme e~`x`nenb erlesb`se |ào`h`le~`xe/ E sba`d& urbod f~`md ures~bf nd |lrfd {e||end |b ~dsoesè ~emcm `m{ds~eo~b sbe lehbb`se&

~dsoexe-|b& od| {s`mb`sd| ~sò~e eod| nd |lrfd {e||end& e sbe nb me`dsldolbo~sed nb b|lsexd|& hsr~d ~eo~d ne bfbxene mnè nb b|lsexd| {ds {sd{s`b~s`d|ldmd {bfe ef~e {sd{dsd nb hdad| ldm b|lsexd|/ E {burboe eas`lrf~rse nexe fraes ero`nenb| me`dsb|& oe| ure`| e hdse nb ~secefgd b|lsexe sb{sb|bo~exe {e{bfhronembo~ef:

od Xefb nd [esece& iro~d e rme e~`x`nenb erlesb`se ~emcm `m{ds~eo~b& |rsaè ldmaseonb hdse d lrf~`xd nb leh& ldm me`ds hdse bm Esbè|& me| i nbmdo|~seond ehdsme ldmd bm {drld| eod| |b ldo|df`nesè ~emcm oe| nbme`| fdlef`nenb| nesba`d:

eòne {bsmeoblèm fesae| {eslbfe| ne Le{`~eoè nbn`lene| {sdnrd nb dr~sd|aobsd| ldmd earesnbo~b& {blrsè b d| {sdnr~d| eur` uref`h`lend| ldmd #dr~sd|lrf~`xd|#& b urb boafdcexem {sòl`{efmbo~b essdy& hbìd& m`fgd b meon`dle/ [eslbfebw{sb||`xe ne {d{rfed& f`xsb b b|lsexe& ldo~òrexe nbn`lene e b||b| {sdnr~d|& urbsb{sb|bo~esèm od | hdo~b nb ef`mbo~d| {ese b||e| {d{rfeb|& ldmd ~emcm e{sòl`{ef ef~bsoe~`xe nb sbone:

e b|lsex`nd {bsmbexe ~dne e |dl`bnenb {erf`|~e& ~eo~d bm sbe| srse`| ldmdrsceoe|& urbs bm lrf~`xd| ~`{`lembo~b nb |rc|`|~olè& urbs& {sòl`{efmbo~b& oeurbfb|nb|~òend| bw{ds~ed& ldmd e {sdnrd nb eles b nb leh:

lbsle nb 3; e 32" nd| hdad| {d||rem b|lsexd|: d {ensd c|`ld bse |ào`h`le~`xe{eslbfe nb {burbod| {sd{s`b~s`d|& |bond bm aseonb ombsd d| {feo~`| ro`~s`d|:sesd| d| aseonb| {sd{s`b~s`d|9 {drle| nbyboe| nb |bogdsb| {d||rem me`| nb lbm


50/592;

b|lsexd|: obogrm me`| nb nrybo~d| od {bsdnd bm urb|~d b oe| fdlef`nenb|b|~rnene|:

e {sd{dsd nd| b|lsexd| oe {d{rfed absefmbo~b |`~rexe-|b oe he`we nb ;"&sesembo~b rf~se{e||eond b|~b {dslbo~ref& bwlb~d bm fdlef`nenb| mr`~d b|{blh`le|:

e mnè nb b|lsexd| {d||rnd| |`~rexe-|b bo~sb ~s| e lòld bm sbe| nb lrf~`xd| nb|rc|`|~olè/ Oe| sbe| nb {sdnrd {ese bw{ds~ed nb{bonè ne ldolbo~sed ne|

ro`nenb|& |bond òbaexbfmbo~b me`dsb| oe| sbe| ~`{`lembo~b erlesb`se|/ Bm 5730|br| xefdsb| efleoesem 52&5 b 7&7 od Db|~b [erf`|~e b od Xefb nd [esece&sb|{bl~`xembo~b/


51/5925

EOBWD 5 - DC\BSXEB\ E SB\[B@^D NE\ HDO^B\

Ldmd hdo~b c|`le nb òhdsmeb| |bsx`md-od| ne| F`|~e| Odmòe~`xe| nd| Gec`~eo~b|nd Esur`xd nd B|~end nb \d [erfd/ [ese ldm{ds d ldoiro~d nb fdlef`nenb| b|~rnene|15|bfbl`doesem-|b eurbfe| {ese e| ure`| bw`|~èm e me`dsè nd| lbo|d| {d{rfel`doe`| od|eod| eur` ldo~bm{fend|9 5111& 57;> b 5730/13 Bm ~dne| e| {es~b| nd ~secefgd od uref|b eoef`|em {sd{s`b~s`d|& b|lsexd|& e~`x`nenb| b {d||b b||e hdo~b hd` e o`le r~`f`yene/

Bo~sb~eo~d& oe {es~b ò`lèf nd es~àd oe uref |b ldo|`nbsesem òhdsmeb| ureo~d {d{rfed ~d~ef ne| x`fe| b d sb|{bl~`xd ombsd nb hdad|& gdrxb oblb||`nenb nbr~`f`yed nb hdo~b| ef~bsoe~`xe|& |bond e me`| `m{ds~eo~b e sb{sb|bo~ene {bfd| Me{e| nb[d{rfed& ~emcm nd elbsxd nd Esur`xd nd B|~end nb \d [erfd/ Bm efaro| le|d|b|{blh`ld| dldssbr d r|d nb dr~se| hdo~b| ef~bsoe~`xe|& b bm efarme| |`~reb|{es~`lrfesb| e `m{d||`c`f`nenb nb hdo~b| ef~bsoe~`xe| dcsàdr bhb~res-|b e b|~`me~`xe nbnb~bsmòene| òhdsmeb| e{boe| {ese e {d{rfed ~d~ef b$dr hdad|/

Ece`wd e{sb|bo~emd| efarme| fdlef`nenb| oe| ure`| hdo~b| ef~bsoe~`xe| dr b|~`me~`xe|hdsem ò~sdnry`ne|9

Ielesb9 E hef~e nd Me{e nb [d{rfed sbhbsbo~b ed eod nb 5730 bwà`r e r~`f`yed ndMe{e nb [d{rfed nb 57& oe hef~e nd me{e nb {d{rfed neurbfb eod |bsx`md-od| ndndlrmbo~d {bs~òbo~b e 5107& {bs~bolbo~b C`cf`d~ble Oel`doef/ 'COSI& @- b 5730/ Bo~sb~eo~d& od le|d ne {d{rfed b hdad|&gdrxb {sdcfbme| oe ldfb~e nb òhdsmeb|/ Oe hef~e nd| Me{e| nb [d{rfed sbhbsbo~b|e 57;>& |bsx`md-od| nd| nend| nb 5107& dc~`nd| oe C`cf`d~ble Oel`doef& COIS& @-


52/5923

@are{b9 ; lbo|d ldo~m e| `ohdsmeb| nd| {sd{s`b~s`d| {ese 5111& me| | d ombsdnb b|lsexd| b od |re nb|ls`d/ Efm n`||d& d ombsd nb hdad| e{sb|bo~exe {sdcfbme|{ese b||b eod/ \br ombsd hd` b|~`mend {bfe mn`e nb {b||de| {ds hdad| ne| nbme`|fdlef`nenb| ne sba`d/ [ese e {d{rfed ~d~ef ne fdlef`nenb r~`f`yesem-|b e| les~e| ndMdsaend nb Me~br| {ese d Ldonb nb Db`se|& nb 5188 b 5180& ldo~`ne| od| Ndlrmbo~d|@o~bsb||eo~b|& ombsd| 50 b 1


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MD^^E& Id| Hfx`d/ Lds{d| b|lsexd|& xdo~enb| f`xsb| - B|~sr~rse ne {d||b le~`xd| bhemf`e b|lsexe bm rm olfbd lehbb`sd 'Ceoeoef& 57;5-5730)/ ^b|b od{rcf`lene& \d [erfd9 HBE-R\[& 500;/

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são paulo, população, atividades e posse de escravos em vinte e cinco localidade -(1777-1829)

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