modulo ingles ciclo iv grado noveno.pdf

8/10/2019 MODULO INGLES CICLO IV GRADO NOVENO.pdf

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I.E.

CRDENAS CENTRO

MDULO DE HUMANIDADES - INGLS

CICLO IV

GRADO NOVENO


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TABLA DE CONTENIDO

pg.

PRIMER PERIODO

1. GRAMMAR 41.1. SIMPLE PRESENT & PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE 41.2. SIMPLE PAST & PAST CONTINOUS TENSE 61.2.1. SIMPLE PAST FORM: 61.2.2. PAST CONTINUOUS FORM 9

2. VOCABULARY 13

2.1. SUBJECT & OBJECT PRONOUNS 132.2. POSSESIVE ADJETIVES 142.3. FRECUENCY ADVERBS 152.4. TIME EXPRESSIONS 17

SEGUNDO PERODO

1. GRAMMAR 191.1. SIMPLE FUTURE FORM: WILL AND GOING TO 191.2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE 231.3. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS & ADJETIVES 27

2. VOCABULARY 302.1. TECHNOLOGY VERBS 30

TERCER PERODO1. GRAMMAR 311.1. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE 31

2. VOCABULARY 362.1. YET, ALREADY 362.2. PAST PARTICIPLE OF VERBS. 36

CUARTO PERODO1. GRAMMAR: 38

1.1. REVIEW THE PRESENT PERFECT & PRESENT TENSE & PAST TENSE. EXERCISESPROPOSED FOR YOUR TEACHER 38

2. VOCABULARY 382.1. FAMILY 382.2. PROFESSIONS 402.3. JOBS SICKNESS 412.4. SINCE, FOR 41

PRUEBA SABER 43

BIBLIOGRAFA 46


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PRIMER PERODO

1. GRAMMAR

1.1. SIMPLE PRESENT & PRESENT CONTINOUSTENSE

1. Permanent (usual) and Temporary (now,around now) actions.

We use the Present Continuous tense to

speak about things which are happeningnow or things which are temporary.

I am not working now. I am on holiday.Sally is listening to a new CD.Who are you phoning?

The Present Simple tense describes usual,repeated and permanent things -for example, always, usually, often,sometimes, never.

I work as an accountant.John doesn't know German.How often do you play tennis?

Compare how these two tenses are used.

Why are you walking to work? Don't youusually go by bus?I live in Kharkiv, but now I am living inMoscow.Usually we have dinner at 7, but today weare having it at 9.

2. Some verbs are not normally used in theContinuous Tense. They are called "state"verbs.

In English language there are verbs that are notnormally used in the Continuous Tense, becausethey describe rather state than an action. They arecalled state verb(stative verbs, non-progressiveverbs).

The verbs that can be used in the Continuous

Tense are called action verbs(dynamic verbs).

Some verbs can be both stateand actionverbsdepending on their meaning.

Here are some verbs that are not normally used inthe Continuous Tense.

like dislike love hate

prefer remember forget believe

mean seem understand want

need know belong own

Here are some a few verbs that can beboth stateand action verbs depending on theirmeaning.

I think you made a mistake.think = believe

I am thinking about my mum now.think = mental process

I have two cars.have = possess, own

I am having my lunch now.have = eat

I am seeing my friend tomorrow evening.see = meeting with

I see what you mean.See = understand


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PRACTICE

Decide if these English verbs are actionverbs, state verbs, or can be both action andstate verbs.

Enjoy_____________

read ________________

weigh ____________ feel _________________mind _____________ prefer _______________

smell _____________ hear ________________

play _____________ burn ________________matter ____________ measure _____________contain ___________ agree _______________look _____________

_worry _______________

_

3. Present Continuous and Present Simple to talk about the future.

We use the Present Continuous Tense for plans and arrangements.

What are you doing tonight?I'm seeing a very important customer in my office at 4 o'clock.We are going to the see for our holiday.Where are you staying in Vienna?I'm not going anywhere. It is final.

We use the Present Simple in the conditional clauses afterif, when, as soon as, untiletc, and when we

talk about timetable, schedules, itineraries etc.

What will you do if you fail your exam?We will wait, until she comes.

My plane takes off at 9.00.The President arrives in Norway on 17 September.What time does your train leave?

PRACTICE..

Put the verb in brackets in the correct form, either the Present Simple Tense or the Present Continuous Tense.

1. I__________________ a very interesting book. (read am reading)

2. Joanne______________ eight hours a day. (works is working)

3. Tonight we___________________ a play at the theatre. (see are seeing)

4. Who _______________________ to? (do you speak are you speaking)

5. I _________________________ him very well. (dont know am not knowing)

6. What will you do if she ____________________ late? (comes is coming)


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7. My wife ______________________ coffee for breakfast. (prefers is prefering)

8. What ____________________________ for breakfast? (do you usually have are you usually having)

9. Your train________________________ at 17.25 from platform 3. (leaves is leaving)

10. What ________________________? She's a student. (does Josephine do is Josephine doing)

1.2. SIMPLE PAST & PAST CONTINOUS TENSE

1.2.1. SIMPLE PAST FORM:

[VERB+ed] or irregular verbs

Examples:

You calledDebbie.

Didyou callDebbie?

You did not callDebbie.

Most verbs conjugate by adding -edlike the verb "wait" below.Positive Negative Question

I waited. You waited. We waited. They waited. He waited. She waited. It waited.

I did not wait. You did not wait. We did not wait. They did not wait. He did not wait. She did not wait. It did not wait.

DidI wait? Didyou wait? Didwe wait? Didthey wait? Didhe wait? Didshe wait? Didit wait?

USE 1. Completed Action in the Past

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past.Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

Examples:


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I sawa movie yesterday.

I didn't seea play yesterda

Last year, I traveledto Jap

Last year, I didn't travelto

Didyou havedinner last ni

She washedher car.

He didn't washhis car.

USE 2. A Series of Completed Ac

We use the Simple Past to list a seriand so on.

Examples:

I finishedwork, walkedto t

He arrivedfrom the airport

Didyou addflour, pourin t

USE 3. Duration in Past

The Simple Past can be used withoften indicated by expressions such

Examples:

I livedin Brazil for two year

Shauna studiedJapanese

They satat the beach all d

They did not stayat the pa

We talkedon the phone for

A: How long didyou waitfo

B: We waitedfor one hour

7

y.

n.

Korea.

ht?

tions

ies of completed actions in the past. These actio

he beach, and founda nice place to swim.

at 8:00, checkedinto the hotel at 9:00, and met

he milk, and then addthe eggs?

a duration which starts and stops in the past.as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all ye

s.

or five years.

y.

rty the entire time.

thirty minutes.

r them?

.

s happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th,

he others at 10:00.

duration is a longer actionr, etc.


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USE 4. Habits in the Past

The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaningas "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often,usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.

Examples:

I studiedFrench when I was a child. He playedthe violin.

He didn't playthe piano.

Didyou playa musical instrument when you were a kid?

She workedat the movie theater after school.

They never wentto school, they always skippedclass.

USE 5. Past Facts or Generalizations

The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true. As in USE4 above, this use of the Simple Past is quite similar to the expression "used to."

Examples:

She wasshy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.

He didn't liketomatoes before.

Didyou livein Texas when you werea kid? People paidmuch more to make cell phone calls in the past.

IMPORTANT When-Clauses Happen FirstClauses are groups of words which have meaning but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses beginwith the word "when" such as "when I dropped my pen..." or "when class began..." These clauses are calledwhen-clauses, and they are very important. The examples below contain when-clauses.


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Examples:

When I paid her one dollar, she answered my question.

She answered my question when I paid her one dollar.

When-clauses are important because they always happen first when both clauses are in the Simple Past. Bothof the examples above mean the same thing: first, I paid her one dollar, and then, she answered my question. Itis not important whether "when I paid her one dollar" is at the beginning of the sentence or at the end of thesentence. However, the example below has a different meaning. First, she answered my question, and then, Ipaid her one dollar.

1.2.2. PAST CONTINUOUS FORM

[was/were + present participle]

Examples:

You were studyingwhen she called.

Wereyou studyingwhen she called?

You were not studyingwhen she called.

Past Continuous Forms

Positive Negative Question

I was singing.

You were singing.

We were singing.

They were singing.

He was singing.

She was singing.

It was singing.

I was not singing.

You were not singing.

We were not singing.

They were not singing.

He was not singing.

She was not singing.

It was not singing.

WasI singing?

Wereyou singing?

Werewe singing?

Werethey singing?

Washe singing?

Wasshe singing?

Wasit singing?

USE 1. Interrupted Action in the Past

Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually ashorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.


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Examples:

I was watchingTV when she called.

When the phone rang, she was writinga letter.

While we were havingthe picnic, it started to rain.

What wereyou doingwhen the earthquake started?

I was listeningto my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.

You were not listeningto me when I told you to turn the oven off.

While John was sleepinglast night, someone stole his car.

Sammy was waitingfor us when we got off the plane.

While I was writingthe email, the computer suddenly went off.

A: What wereyou doingwhen you broke your leg?B: I was snowboarding.

USE 2. Specific Time as an Interruption

In USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the Simple Past. However,you can also use a specific time as an interruption.

Examples:

Last night at 6 PM, I was eatingdinner.

At midnight, we werestill drivingthrough the desert.

Yesterday at this time, I was sittingat my desk at work.

IMPORTANT

In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past Continuous, aspecific time only interrupts the action.

Examples:

Last night at 6 PM, I atedinner.ISTARTED EATING AT 6PM.

Last night at 6 PM, I was eatingdinner.ISTARTED EARLIER; AND AT 6PM,IWAS IN THE PROCESS OF EATING DINNER.


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USE 3. Parallel Actions

When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that bothactions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.

Examples:

I was studyingwhile he was makingdinner. While Ellen was reading, Tim was watchingtelevision.

Wereyou listeningwhile he was talking?

I wasn't payingattention while I was writingthe letter, so I made several mistakes.

What wereyou doingwhile you were waiting?

Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't workingeither.

They were eatingdinner, discussingtheir plans, and havinga good time.

USE 4. Atmosphere

In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.

Example:

When I walked into the office, several people werebusily typing, some were talkingon the phones,the bosswas yellingdirections, and customers were waitingto be helped. One customer wasyellingat a secretary and wavinghis hands. Others were complainingto each other about the badservice.

USE 5. Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating orshocking often happened in the past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with negativeemotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."

Examples:


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She was always comingto class late.

He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.

I didn't like them because they were always complaining.

While vs. WhenClauses are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses beginwith the word "when" such as "when she called" or "when it bit me." Other clauses begin with "while" such as"while she was sleeping" and "while he was surfing." When you talk about things in the past, "when" is mostoften followed by the verb tense Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by Past Continuous. "While"expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples below. They have similar meanings, but theyemphasize different parts of the sentence.

Examples:

I was studying when she called.

While I was studying, she called.

REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certainnon-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using PastContinuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Past.

Examples:

Jane was beingat my house when you arrived. Not Correct

Jane wasat my house when you arrived. Correct

EXERCISE

Using the words in parentheses and complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

Last night, while I was doing my homework, Angela (call) __________________. She said she (call)______________ me on her cell phone from her biology classroom at UCLA. I asked her if she (wait)______________ for class, but she said that the professor was at the front of the hall lecturing while she (talk)______________ to me. I couldn't believe she (make) ________________ a phone call during the lecture. Iasked what was going on.

She said her biology professor was so boring that several of the students (sleep, actually) __________________in class. Some of the students (talk) _______________ about their plans for the weekend and the student nextto her (draw) ___________________ a picture of a horse. When Angela (tell) ___________________ me shewas not satisfied with the class, I (mention) ________________ that my biology professor was quite good and(suggest) ________________ that she switch to my class.

While we were talking, I (hear) ________________ her professor yell, "Miss, are you making a phone call?"Suddenly, the line went dead. I (hang) _______________ up the phone and went to the kitchen to make dinner.As I (cut) ___________________ vegetables for a salad, the phone rang once again. It (be) _____________Angela, but this time she wasn't sitting in class.


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2. VOCABULARY

2.1. SUBJECT & OBJECT PRONOUNS

We use subject pronouns as subjects of sentences and object pronouns as objects.

Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns

Singular

1st person I Ikicked the ball me John kicked the ballto me.

2nd person you Youlike to study. youJohn wants to talktoyou.

3rd person (male) he Heeats green cheese. him Mary doesn't likehim.

3rd person (female) she Shelikes ice cream. her John kissed her.

3rd person (non-person)

it Itbit John. it John smashed it.

Plural

1st person weWeenjoy going tothemovies.

us The politician lied tous.

2nd person you Youare the best students. you I wouldn't lie to you.

3rd person they Theyare not happy. them Mary didn't invitethem.

Extra Credit

We use pronounsas substitutes for noun phrases. The pronoun and the noun phrase that it refers to mean thesame thing.

Just for fun consider the following example. If this one doesn't make sense, don't worry about it. It's just for fun.


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EXERCISE.

PRONOUNS

INSTRUCTIONS. Replace the underlined word or words with the appropriate pronoun.

Example:John kicked the ball He

You and your family should take a long vacation. _________________________________

I saw Julie and Jill at the shopping mall. ________________________________

Get the dog out of the house. __________________________

Max scored three goals in the match against Italy._____________________________

Mary beat the boy up for his lunch money. _______________________

Max smashed his car into the tree. _________________________

2.2. POSSESIVE ADJETIVES

Possessive adjectives show ownership or belonging. They must go somewhere before a noun.


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EXERCISE..

1. I am practicing ___ English.

2. You are working with _____ teacher

3. We are doing ______ work.

4. They are in _______ house.

5. Open _____ books and turn to the first lesson.

6. She wants to see ______ father.

7. It has ______ own food.

8. ______ name is (your name here).

9. ______ name is John.

10. _____ name is Julia.

2.3. FRECUENCY ADVERBS

The most common frequency adverbs in English are:

AlwaysFrequentlyUsuallyOftenSometimesOccasionallySeldomRarelyNever

100% of the timeabout 90% of the timeabout 80% of the timeabout 70% of the timeabout 50% of the timeabout 40% of the timeabout 20% of the timeabout 10% of the timeabout 00% of the time

Note:The percentages here are rough estimates only.

Frequency adverbs can be placed at various points in the sentence, but are most commonly used beforethe mainverbs and after beverbs.


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I alwayscome to work on t ime.They are seldomhome when we call.He's usuallyeating breakfast at this time.She's neverbeen to Maine.A: Do you come here often?B: Yes. I'm here occasionally.A: What do youusuallydo here?B: SometimesI just sit and ponder the meaning of life.

Note:The adverbs seldom, rarely, neverand hardly everare considered negative.

A: Do you always carry a briefcase?B: (Yes,) I usually do.No, I usually don't.No, I rarely do.No, I hardly ever do.

Other frequency adverbs and expressions are as follows:

Every day/week/monthEvery other day/weekOnce a week/month/yearTwice a year/day, etc.(Every) once in a whileEvery so often

These expressions are used at the beginning and end of sentences, not before main verbs.

Every once in a while I visit my grandmother in Minnesota.I visit my grandmother in Minnesota every once in a while.I every once in a while visit my grandmother in Minnesota. (Incorrect)

RegularlyNormallyTraditionally

(according to schedule)(commonly nowadays)(commonly in the past)

These words can come at various points in the sentence.I regularlyfloss my teeth.I floss my teeth regularly.Traditionally, that was considered child's play.I normallyget up around 6 o'clock.Normally, I get up around 6 o'clock.

EXERCISE

Write 10 sentences using adverbs of frequency


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2.4. TIME EXPRESSIONS

Time expressions usually go at the end or at the beginning of a sentence:

Yesterday I went to school.

I went to school yesterday.

This week I'm going to New York.

I'm going to New York this week.

OTHER POPULAR TIME EXPRESSIONS:


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EXERCISE

Write a sentence with each of the e

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pressions time in past, present and future.


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SEGUNDO PERODO

1. GRAMMAR

1.1. SIMPLE FUTURE FORM: WILL AND GOING TOSimple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimesbe used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seemtoo abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to"refer to a specific time in the future.

FORM Will[will + verb]

Examples:

You will helphim later.

Willyou helphim later?

You will not helphim later.

FORM Be Going To[am/is/are + going to + verb]

Examples:

You are going to meetJane tonight.

Areyou going to meetJane tonight?

You are not going to meetJane tonight.

Simple Future Forms Using "Will"


I will help. You will help. We will help. They will help. He will help. She will help. It will help.

I will not help. You will not help. We will not help. They will not help. He will not help. She will not help. It will not help.

WillI help? Willyou help? Willwe help? Willthey help? Willhe help? Willshe help? Willit help?


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Using "Be Going to"


I am going to leave. You are going to leave. We are going to leave. They are going to

leave. He is going to leave. She is going to leave. It is going to leave.

I am not going to leave. You are not going to

leave. We are not going to

leave. They are not going to

leave. He is not going to leave.

She is not going to leave. It is not going to leave.

AmI going to leave? Areyou going to leave? Arewe going to leave? Arethey going to leave? Ishe going to leave? Isshe going to leave? Isit going to leave?

USE 1. "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action

"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers todo for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help. We alsouse "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not"or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.

Examples:

I will send you the information when I get it.

I will translatethe email, so Mr. Smith can read it.

Willyou helpme move this heavy table?

Willyou makedinner?

I will not doyour homework for you.

I won't doall the housework myself!

A: I'm really hungry.B: I'll makesome sandwiches.

A: I'm so tired. I'm about to fall asleep.B: I'll getyou some coffee.

A: The phone is ringing.B: I'll getit.

USE 2. "Will" to Express a Promise

"Will" is usually used in promises.

Examples:

I will callyou when I arrive.


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If I am elected President of the United States, I will makesure everyone has access to inexpensivehealth insurance.

I promise I will not tellhim about the surprise party.

Don't worry, I'll becareful.

I won't tellanyone your secret.

USE 3 "Be going to" to Express a Plan

"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something inthe future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.

Examples:

He is going to spendhis vacation in Hawaii.

She is not going to spendher vacation in Hawaii.

A: When arewe going to meeteach other tonight?B: We are going to meetat 6 PM.

I'm going to bean actor when I grow up.

Michelle is going to beginmedical school next year.

They are going to driveall the way to Alaska.

Who areyou going to inviteto the party?

A: Who is going to makeJohn's birthday cake?B: Sue is going to makeJohn's birthday cake.

USE 4. "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction

Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. Predictions areguesses about what might happen in the future. In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has little controlover the future and therefore USES 1-3 do not apply. In the following examples, there is no difference inmeaning.

Examples:

The year 2222 will bea very interesting year.

The year 2222 is going to bea very interesting year.

John Smith will bethe next President.

John Smith is going to bethe next President.

The movie "Zenith" will winseveral Academy Awards.

The movie "Zenith" is going to winseveral Academy Awards.

IMPORTANTIn the Simple Future, it is not always clear which USE the speaker has in mind. Often, there is more than oneway to interpret a sentence's meaning.


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No Future in Time ClausesLike all future forms, the Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as:when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Simple Future, Simple Present isused.

Examples:

When you will arrivetonight, we will go out for dinner. Not Correct

When you arrivetonight, we will go out for dinner. Correct

EXERCISE

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses Will / Be Going To.

1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper?B: I (write) _______________________________ a letter to my friends back home in Texas.

2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up!B: I (get) _________________________________ you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.

3. A: I can't hear the television!

B: I (turn) _________________________________ it up so you can hear it.4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit) ___________________________________Paris, Nice and Grenoble.

5. Sarah (come) ______________________ to the party. Oliver (be) _______________________ there as well.

6. Ted: It is so hot in here!Sarah: I (turn) ________________________________ the air-conditioning on.

7. I think he (be) ___________________________ the next President of the United States.

8. After I graduate, I (attend) ______________________________ medical school and become a doctor. I havewanted to be a doctor all my life.

9. A: Excuse me, I need to talk to someone about our hotel room. I am afraid it is simply too small for fourpeople.B: That man at the service counter (help) ___________________________________ you.

10. As soon as the weather clears up, we (walk) ____________________ down to the beach and go swimming.


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1.2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Future Continuous has two different forms: "will be doing " and "be going to be doing." Unlike SimpleFuture forms, Future Continuous forms are usually interchangeable.

FORM Future Continuous with "Will"[will be + present participle]

Examples:

You will be waitingfor her when her plane arrives tonight.

Willyou be waitingfor her when her plane arrives tonight?

You will not be waitingfor her when her plane arrives tonight.

FORM Future Continuous with "Be Going To "[am/is/are + going to be + present participle]

Examples:

You are going to be waitingfor her when her plane arrives tonight.

Areyou going to be waitingfor her when her plane arrives tonight?

You are not going to be waitingfor her when her plane arrives tonight.

REMEMBER: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Continuous with littledifference in meaning.

Future Continuous Forms Using "Will be"


I will be waiting.

You will be waiting.

We will be waiting.

They will be waiting.

He will be waiting.

She will be waiting.

It will be waiting.

I will not be waiting.

You will not be waiting.

We will not be waiting.

They will not be waiting.

He will not be waiting.

She will not be waiting.

It will not be waiting.

WillI be waiting?

Willyou be waiting?

Willwe be waiting?

Willthey be waiting?

Willhe be waiting?

Willshe be waiting?

Willit be waiting?


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Using "Be Going To"


I am going to be waiting.You are going to be waiting.

We are going to be waiting.

They are going to be waiting.

He is going to be waiting.

She is going to be waiting.

It is going to be waiting.

I am not going to be waiting.

You are not going to be waiting.

We are not going to be waiting.

They are not going to be waiting.

He is not going to be waiting.

She is not going to be waiting.

It is not going to be waiting.

AmI going to be waiting?

Areyou going to be waiting?

Arewe going to be waiting?

Arethey going to be waiting?

Ishe going to be waiting?

Isshe going to be waiting?

Isit going to be waiting?

USE 1. Interrupted Action in the Future

Use the Future Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action inthe future. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.

Examples:

I will be watchingTV when she arrivestonight.

I will be waitingfor you when your bus arrives.

I am going to be stayingat the Madison Hotel, if anything happensand you needto contact me.

He will be studyingat the library tonight, so he will not see Jennifer when she arrives.

Notice in the examples above that the interruptions (marked in italics) are in Simple Present rather than SimpleFuture. This is because the interruptions are in time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses.

USE 2. Specific Time as an Interruption in the Future

In USE 1, described above, the Future Continuous is interrupted by a short action in the future. In addition tousing short actions as interruptions, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.


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Examples:

Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eatingdinner.IWILL BE IN THE PROCESS OF EATING DINNER.

At midnight tonight, we willstill be drivingthrough the desert.WE WILL BE IN THE PROCESS OF DRIVING THROUGH THE DESERT.

REMEMBER. In the Simple Future, a specific time is used to show the time an action will begin or end. In theFuture Continuous, a specific time interrupts the action.

Examples:

Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to eatdinner.IAM GOING TO START EATING AT 6PM.

Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eatingdinner.IAM GOING TO START EARLIER AND IWILL BE IN THE PROCESS OF EATING DINNER AT 6PM.

USE 3. Parallel Actions in the Future

When you use the Future Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that bothactions will be happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.

Examples:

I am going to be studyingand he is going to be makingdinner.

Tonight, they will be eatingdinner, discussingtheir plans, and havinga good time.

While Ellen is reading, Tim will be watchingtelevision.NOTICE "IS READING"BECAUSE OF THE TIME CLAUSE CONTAINING "WHILE." (SEE EXPLANATION BELOW)

USE 4. Atmosphere in the Future

In English, we often use a series of Parallel Actions to describe atmosphere at a specific point in the future.

Example:

When I arrive at the party, everybody is going to be celebrating. Some will be dancing. Others aregoing to be talking. A few people will be eatingpizza, and several people are going to bedrinkingbeer. They always do the same thing.


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REMEMBER No Future in Time ClausesLike all future tenses, the Future Continuous cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions suchas: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Continuous, PresentContinuous is used.

Examples:

While I am going to be finishingmy homework, she is going to make dinner. Not Correct

While I am finishingmy homework, she is going to make dinner. Correct

AND REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed VerbsIt is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certainnon-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using FutureContinuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Future.

Examples:

Jane will be beingat my house when you arrive. Not Correct

Jane will beat my house when you arrive. Correct

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses will be or be goingto.

EXERCISE..

1.

Sandra:Where is Tim going to meet us?

Marcus:He (wait) ________________________________ for us when our train arrives. I am sure he (stand)

_________________________________ on the platform when we pull into the station.

Sandra:And then what?

Marcus:We (pick) ____________________________ Michele up at work and go out to dinner.

2.

Ted:When we get to the party, Jerry (watch) ____________________________ TV, Sam (make)

__________________________ drinks, Beth (dance) _____________________________ by herself, and


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Thad (complain) ______________________ about his day at work.

Robin:Maybe, this time they won't be doing the same things.

Ted: I am absolutely positive they (do) ____________________________________ the same things; theyalways do the same things.

3.

Florence:Oh, look at that mountain of dirty dishes! Who (wash) _________________________ all of those?

Jack:I promise I (do) ___________________________ them when I get home from work.

Florence: Thanks.

Jack:When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of sparkling clean dishes

(sit) ________________________________ in the cabinets.

1.3. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS & ADJETIVES


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EXERCISE

Part C. Fill out the chart below with the correct possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns.


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2. VOCABULARY

2.1. TECHNOLOGY VERBS

Here are some useful verbs related to using the computer:

Use some of the words from the table above to fill the gaps in the sentences below.

1. To ________________is to move text up and down so that you can see different parts of a document.

2. To _______________is to press the mouse button and release it immediately. Sometimes you double

________________ an icon - to open a file, for example.

3. f you want to move a bloc! of text, you can ________________it with the mouse to a different position.

". #ou can ___________________more characters or data into a text that is already on the screen.

$. f you are %oin% to use a new dis!, you may have _______________it first.

EXERCISES

Research others technology verbs and performs prayers with them.


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TERCER PERODO

1. GRAMMAR

1.1. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

FORM[has/have + past participle]

Examples:

You have seenthat movie many times. Haveyou seenthat movie many times?

You have not seenthat movie many times.

Present Perfect Forms


I have traveled. You have traveled. We have traveled. They have traveled. He has traveled. She has traveled. It has traveled.

I have not traveled. You have not traveled. We have not traveled. They have not traveled. He has not traveled. She has not traveled. It has not traveled.

HaveI traveled? Haveyou traveled? Havewe traveled? Havethey traveled? Hashe traveled? Hasshe traveled? Hasit traveled?

USE 1. Unspecified Time Before Now

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time isnot important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, oneyear ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CANuse the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times,before, so far, already, yet, etc.

Examples:

I have seenthat movie twenty times.

I think I have methim once before.

There have beenmany earthquakes in California.


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People have traveledto th

People have not traveledt

Haveyou readthe book ye

Nobody hasever climbedt

A: Hasthere ever beena wB: Yes, there has beena

How Do You Actually Use the PreThe concept of "unspecified time" cPerfect with the following topics:

TOPIC 1. Experience

You can use the Present Perfect tocan also use this tense to say that ydescribe a specific event.

Examples:

I have beento France.THIS SENTENCE MEANS THATHERE ONCE,OR SEVERAL TI

I have beento France thre

YOU CAN ADD THE NUMBER

I havenever beento FrancTHIS SENTENCE MEANS THA

I think I have seenthat mo

He hasnever traveledby t

Joan has studiedtwo forei

A: Haveyou ever methim?B: No, I havenot methim.

TOPIC 2. Change Over TimeWe often use the Present Perfect to

Examples:

You have grownsince the l

The government has beco

Japanese has becomeoneprogram was established.

My English hasreally impr

32

Moon.

o Mars.

?

hat mountain.

ar in the United States?ar in the United States.

sent Perfect?n be very confusing to English learners. It is bes

escribe your experience. It is like saying, "I havou have never had a certain experience. The Pr

YOU HAVE HAD THE EXPERIENCE OF BEING IN FRAN MES.

times.

F TIMES AT THE END OF THE SENTENCE.e.YOU HAVE NOT HAD THE EXPERIENCE OF GOING TO

ie before.

ain.

n languages.

talk about change that has happened over a peri

last time I saw you.

emore interested in arts education.

of the most popular courses at the university sin

vedsince I moved to Australia.

t to associate Present

the experience of..." Yousent Perfect is NOT used to

E.MAYBE YOU HAVE BEEN

RANCE.

iod of time.

ce the Asian studies


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TOPIC 3. AccomplishmentsWe often use the Present Perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity. You cannot mention aspecific time.

Examples:

Man has walkedon the Moon.

Our son has learnedhow to read.

Doctors have curedmany deadly diseases.

Scientists have splitthe atom.

TOPIC 4. An Uncompleted Action You Are ExpectingWe often use the Present Perfect to say that an action which we expected has not happened. Using the PresentPerfect suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen.

Examples:

James has not finishedhis homework yet.

Susan hasn't masteredJapanese, but she can communicate.

Bill hasstill not arrived.

The rain hasn't stopped.

TOPIC 5. Multiple Actions at Different TimesWe also use the Present Perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the past atdifferent times. Present Perfect suggests the process is not complete and more actions are possible.

Examples:

The army has attackedthat city five times.

I have hadfour quizzes and five tests so far this semester.

We have hadmany major problems while working on this project.

She has talkedto several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick.

Time Expressions with Present PerfectWhen we use the Present Perfect it means that something has happened at some point in our lives before now.Remember, the exact time the action happened is not important.


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Sometimes, we want to limit the time we are looking in for an experience. We can do this with expressions suchas: in the last week, in the last year, this week, this month, so far, up to now, etc.

Examples:

Haveyou beento Mexico in the last year?

I have seenthat movie six times in the last month.

They have hadthree tests in the last week. She graduated from university less than three years ago. She has workedfor three different

companies so far.

My car has brokendown three times this week.

NOTICE"Last year" and "in the last year" are very different in meaning. "Last year" means the year before now, and it isconsidered a specific time which requires Simple Past. "In the last year" means from 365 days ago until now. It isnot considered a specific time, so it requires Present Perfect.

Examples:

I wentto Mexico last year.IWENT TO MEXICO IN THE CALENDAR YEAR BEFORE THIS ONE.

I have beento Mexico in the last year.IHAVE BEEN TO MEXICO AT LEAST ONCE AT SOME POINT BETWEEN 365DAYS AGO AND NOW.

USE 2. Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Present Perfect to show thatsomething started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "sinceTuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect.

Examples:

I have hada cold for two weeks.

She has beenin England for six months.

Mary has lovedchocolate since she was a little girl.


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Although the above use of Present Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuoususes of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in this way even thoughthey are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.

EXERCISE TO SIMPLE PAST AND PRESENT PERFECT

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?"

B: I don't know. I (see, never) _____________________________ that movie.

2. Sam (arrive) ________________________ in San Diego a week ago.

3. My best friend and I (know) ____________________________________ each other for over fifteen years.We still get together once a week.

4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) __________________________________ ten very creative shortstories in the last year. One day, he'll be as famous as Hemingway.

5. I (have, not) ________________________ this much fun since I (be) __________________________ a kid.

6. Things (change) ______________________ a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start)

__________________________ working here three years ago, the company (have, only)

_______________________________ six employees. Since then, we (expand) _______________________

to include more than 2000 full-time workers.

7. I (tell) ______________________________ him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander)

_________________________________ off into the forest and (be) _____________________________ bittenby a snake.

8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) _________________________ the bus this morning. You (be)

_______________________________ late to work too many times. You are fired!

9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never) __________________the ocean. He should come with us to Miami.


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2. VOCABULARY

Review activities proposed by the teacher

2.1. YET, ALREADY

Already means that something happened earlier than we expected. With Present Perfect already usually goesafter have or has and before the main verb.

Examples

- We've already had our breakfast.

- When are you going to do your homework?- But I've already done it!

- Do you want a cup of coffee?- No, thanks. I've already had one."

Yet means that something that we expected has happened or hasn't happened. We usually put it at the end of asentence.

Examples

- Has the post arrived yet?

- Have you done your homework?- Not yet.

- Haven't you got ready yet? Look at the time!

EXERCISES

Write 10 sentences using already and 10 sentences using yet

2.2. PAST PARTICIPLE OF VERBS.

Participles come in two varieties: past and present. They are two of the five forms or principal partsthatevery verbhas. Look at the charts below.

Notice that each present participle ends in ing. This is the case 100 percent of the time.

On the other hand, you can see that past participles do not have a consistent ending. The past participles ofall regular verbs end in ed; the past participles of irregularverbs, however, vary considerably. I f you lookat bringand sing, for example, you'll see that their past participlesbroughtand sungdo not follow thesame pattern even though both verbs have ingas the last three letters.


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Consult a dictionary whenever you are unsure of a verb's past participle form.

EXERCISE

Research the functions of participles.


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CUARTO PERODO

1. GRAMMAR:

1.1. REVIEW THE PRESENT PERFECT & PRESENT TENSE & PAST TENSE. EXERCISES PROPOSEDFOR YOUR TEACHER

2. VOCABULARY

2.1. FAMILY

Your family members are also called your relatives. You have an immediateor nuclear family andanextended family. Your immediate family includes your father, mother and siblings. Your extended familyincludes all of the people in your father and mother's families.

Your sibling is your brother or sister. If you have 1 brother and 2 sisters, then you have 3 siblings. Your parent isyour father or mother. Your child is your son or daughter. Your spouse is your husband or wife.

You may also have a stepfamily. Your stepfamily includes people who became part of your family due tochanges in family life. These changes may include death, divorce or separation. New partnerships create newchildren. The new children and their relatives become part of your blended family. Some people are born intoastepfamily.


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In a family, the word generation means all the people in one stage of the family. For example, your parents areone generation, you and your siblings are the next generation, and your children and their cousins are anothergeneration.

READING PRACTICE

Read the following birth announcement. Then answer the questions below it.

Paul and Kerry McDonald would like to welcome their new son Christopher Casey to the clan! Weighing 4.2kilograms, Chris was born on January 2nd at 3:30pm. He will join sister Rachel, 6 and brother Malcolm, 4 in theMcDonald household in Vancouver, Canada. Christopher's proud aunts Kathy McDonald and Sherry Smith werepresent at his birth. Grandparents, Lisa and Mike Smith were also present. Chris's grandmother in Texas will bearriving soon to meet her new grandson. Cousins Jerry, Fern, and Lindsay can't wait to meet baby Chris too!The proud parents would like to thank all of their extended family for the warm wishes and gifts.

1. What is Christopher's mother's name?2. Who are Christopher's siblings?3. How is Kathy McDonald related to the newborn?4. Who will be coming to see Chris soon ?5. Who is Kathy in relation to Kerry?


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2.2. PROFESSIONS

Some vocabulary of jobs and professions in English and Spanish.

EXERCISE

Research which professions missing, complete the list and translated into Spanish the entire list.


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2.3. JOBS SICKNESS

The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Health and Healthcare. Researchmore of this and translated into Spanich.

acheear acheheadachestomach achetoothachecancer

coldcoughfluheart attackheart diseaseinfectious diseasepainvirusbruisecutgrazewound

2.4. SINCE, FOR

The words forand sinceare used in sentences where the speaker wants to talk about something that started inthe past and continues into the present.

Foris used when specifying the amount of time (how long):

I've had this watch formore than 40 years. I've only known her fora few weeks. He's been here for6 months and still can't speak a word of German. She's been smoking fora long time. No wonder she coughs so much!

Sinceis used when specifying the starting point:

I've had this watch since1965. I've only known her sincethe beginning of last week. He's been here sinceApril and he still can't speak a word of German. She's been smoking sinceshe started grade 5. No wonder she coughs so much!


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Note:The present perfect or present perfect continuous are needed in such sentences. It is wrongto say:

- I know her for two years.- I know her since 2006.

EXERCISES

Complete the sentences with (For or Since)

1. I've had my computer _________ more than five years.2. She has spoken 3 languages _________ she was a child.3. It's ok. I've only been waiting _________ a few minutes.4. I haven't played tennis _________ I came to Germany.5. Our family has lived in this house _________ just after the war.6. Why are you so late? I've been standing here _______ 7.30.7. I've been looking for my keys _______ the last 10 minutes. Can you help me?8. Where's Miho? - Didn't you know? She's been in hospital _______ yesterday morning.9. It's been raining for ________ over three hours. When will it ever stop?10. Our cat has been missing _________ last Tuesday. We think it's been in an accident.


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PRUEBA SABER

PREGUNTAS DE SELECCIN MTIPLE CONNICA RESPUESTA

PARTE 1En las preguntas 1 a 5 marque A,B o C. La queconsidere correcta.

Dnde puedes ver estos avisos?

1. It must be kept in the refrigerator

a) A box of cookies.b) A box of ice cream.c) A box of soap.

2. Keep doors closeda) In a church.b) In a room with air conditioning.c) In a kitchen.

3. Children cannot entera) In a airplane.b) In a bar.c) In a boat.

4. Hot meals $300a) In a tea shop.b) In a new clinic.c) In a self service dinner.

5. Tickets adults $ 7000, children $4000a) In a movie theatre entrance.b) In a taxi.c) In a library.

PARTE 2Lea las descripciones de la columna de la izquierda(6 a 10) y las palabras de la columna de la derecha

(A a H). Cul palabra concuerda con ladescripcin de cada frase?

6. This is the room I sleep in.7. She is my mothers sister.8. I need it to write in math class.9. He is my dads father.10. You can see with them.

a) Grandmother.b) Grandfather.c) Bedroom.

d) Aunt.e) Eyes.f) Eraser.g) Pencil.h) Uncle.

PARTE 3Complete los dilogos.

11. Could you help me bring those boxes?

a) Where do I put them?b) Yes, I could.c) Let me think.

12. Does he work with your father?a) He always likes to work.b) Yes, in the same office.c) The man works a lot.

13. Does your sister play the piano or the violin?a) She plays both.b) She likes playing.c) She plays it very well.

14. Are you going to the party?a) Yes, It will be fun.b) The party is tomorrow.c) Lets go.

15. Are the windows closed?a) Yes, they are.b) Who closes them?.c) When did you close them?

PARTE 4Lea el texto y escoja la palabra adecuada paracada espacio.

What do children like to do? That is a question mymother asked me. I 16 ___ to think and I realizedwe like 17 ___ things. Boys likes are 18 ___ togirls, but there are some things both boys and girlslike doing; for example, little girls like playing withdolls and little boys like playing with cars orsuperheroes. Both boys and girls like playing withballs, 19 ___sports such a swimming, basketball, ortennis. Boys 20___ playing soccer or practicingsome martial arts. Teenagers like listening tomusic, chatting, going to the movies, playing with


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their computer and sleeping a lot. All kids likeeating junk food and all enjoy having many friends.

16. 18. 20.a) Stepped a) Same. a) Joyfulb) Stop b) Different. b) Jollyc) Stopped c) Hard. c) Enjoy

17. 19.a) Much. a) Playingb) Many. b) Practicingc) Very. c) Working

PARTE 5Lea el artculo y luego responda las preguntas 21 a25. Marque a, b o c en la hoja de respuestas.

Bratt Pitt was born in Shawnee, Oklahoma, onDecember 18th, 1963. He was always interested inacting but he knew it wasnt easy. He had manydifferent jobs. First he worked as a chauffeur drivinga limousine for famous actresses. Then he workedfor a moving company where he had to carry heavyrefrigerators, pianos, sofas, etc. Later he got a job inEl pollo loco, a restaurant where he had to dresslike a big chicken. He auditioned for the movie

SEVEN and got the part, He soon became famous.He was first married to Jennifer Aniston. He has ason named Shiloh who was born in 2006.

Jennifer Aniston was born in Sherman Oaks,California on February 11, 1960. Her parents camefrom Greece. They moved from California to NewYork. Her original name was Jennifer Anastassakisbut she changed her name to Aniston. In herschool in New York she was in the theatre groupand acted very well. Her godfather was a Greeknamed Telly Savalas who was very famous in atelevision series called Kojak, where he played the

role of a famous detective. She got a part in the TV.Series called FRIENDS. She was Rachel in theseries. Later she married Brat Pitt and the livedtogether 4 years and a half. She says she still loveshim.

Leonardo DiCaprio is a very handsome young man,who was born in Los Angeles, California onNovember 11, 1974. He is very tall (1.82). He hasbeautiful blue eyes and people say he is like JamesDean. He started acting since he was very young.His first important film was This Boys Life with

Robert DeNiro. Later he played the main role inTitanic and after that he became very popular andvery successful. He has worked in importantmovies. He has many fans because he is a verygood actor and also because he is young and veryhandsome.

21. Who had a famous godfather?a) Brat Pitt.b) Jennifer Aniston.c) Leonardo DiCaprio.

22. Who was not from California?

a) Brat Pitt.b) Jennifer Aniston.c) Leonardo DiCaprio.

23. Who is the youngest?a) Brat Pitt.b) Jennifer Aniston.c) Leonardo DiCaprio.

24. Who had another name?a) Brat Pitt.b) Jennifer Aniston.c) Leonardo DiCaprio.

25. Who had different jobs?a) Brat Pitt.b) Jennifer Aniston.c) Leonardo DiCaprio.

PARTE 6Responda las preguntas 26 a 30 de acuerdo con elsiguiente texto.

This year i need to study more English tan before. Ifind English not so easy. It is a little difficult becausethe teacher always uses English in class and

sometimes I don t understand the teacher. Theteacher is good and explains very well. Theproblem is that I am afraid to make mistakes. I amafraid to speak. I am afraid that if I make a mistakemy classmates will laugh. English is difficultbecause you dont pronounce the way you read.Now, it is not too bad because I am watching manymovies in English and I am learning many songs.My teacher says it is very good to sing in English tohave a better pronunciation. When I go to themovies, I try not to read the subtitles to try to


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understand but it is not very easy. I like English andI want to learn.

26. How does the writer feel about thislanguage?

a) She thinks it is a piece of cake.b) She finds it difficult.c) She thinks it is impossible to learn.

27. Why is it a little more difficult this year?

a) The teacher speaks English all the time.b) She has to sing her answers.

c) The teacher doesnt like her.

28. What does she think will happen if shemakes a mistake?

a) The teacher will punish her.b) Her parents will be upset.c) Her friends will laugh at her.

29. What would she prefer the teacher do?a) Speak Spanish sometimes.b) Not leave too much homework.c) Stop using songs.

30. How does she feel about the language?

a) She hates it.b) She doesnt feel comfortable with it.c) Thinks is not point in learning it.


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BIBLIOGRAFA

http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/PresentContinuous1H.html

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs23.htm

http://www.eflnet.com/grammar/pronouns.php

http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Blue%20Level/B14%20Possessive%20Adjectives.html

http://www.eslgold.com/grammar/frequency_adverbs.html

http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R16%20Expressions%20of%20Time.html

http://www.linguarama.com/ps/295-7.htm

http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/PresentPerfect1C.html

http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/participle.htm

http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/family.htm

http://www.lingolex.com/joben.htm

http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/rules/since.htm

modulo ingles ciclo iv grado noveno.pdf

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