8/12/2019 Cópia de Cópia de Novo(a) Documento de texto.txt

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with:Item, for your wyne, we have good-ale, bere, metheghelen, sydre, and pirry,beyng more holsome beverages for us then your wynes, which maketh your peopledronken, also prone and apte to all fylthy pleasures and lustes. Talk about the pot calling the kettle black!Some Elizabethan ale-houses and taverns had an unenviable reputationfor being highly disreputable, and even dangerous. Tawney andPower tell us of one such establishment that would have been a creditto Dickens Fagin. It was the subject of a letter to Lord Burghley,then Lord High Treasurer, written on 7th July, 1585, by a City official, andcontaining details of the authors trip around some of the less salubriousLondon establishments. The end of the letter informed his Lordship:Amongest our travells this one matter tumbled owt by thewaye, that oneWotton, a gentilman borne, and sometyme a marchauntt man of good credyte,who fallinge by tyme into decaye kepte an Alehowse att Smarts keye neereByllungsgate, and after, for some mysdemeanor beinge put downe, he reared uppa newe trade of lyffe, and in the same Howse he procured all the Cuttpursesabowt this Cittie to repaire to his said howse. There was a schole howse sett uppto learne younge boyes to cutt purses. There were hung up two devises, the onewas a pockett, the other was u purse. The pocket had in yt certen cownters andwas hunge abowte with hawkes bells, and over the toppe did hannge a litle sacringFrom the Norman Conquest to the End of the Tudors 339

bell; and he that could take a peece of sylver owt of the purse without the noyseof any of the bells, he was adjudged a judicial1 Nypper. Nota that a Foister isaPick-pockett, and a Nypper is termed a Pickepurse, or a Cutpurse. And asconcerning this matter, I will set downe noe more in this place, but referr yourLordship to the paper herein enclosed. The Lowestoft-born writer, Thomas Nash (1 567-1601), brought atouch of satire and light-heartedness to what was, in reality, a serioussituation, when he defined his eight classes of Elizabethan drunkard:TheJirst is ape-drunk, and he leaps and sings and hollows and danceth for theheavens; the second is lyon-drunk, and he$ings the pot about the house, breaksthe glass windows with his dagger, and is apt to quarrel. . . The third is swine

drunk,heavy, lumpish, and sleepy, and cries for a little more drink and a fewmore clothes; the fourth is sheep-drunk, wise in his own conceit when he cannotbring forth a right word; thefifth is maudlen-drunk, when a fellow will weep forkindness in the midst of his drink. . . The sixth is martin-drunk, when a man isdrunk, and drinks himselfsober ere he stir. The seventh is goat-drunk, when inhis drunkenness he hath no mind but on lechery. The eighth is fox-drunk, asmany of the Dutchmen be, which will never bargain but when they are drunk. Allthese species, and more, I have seenpractised in one company and at one sitting.The somewhat non-complimentary reference to Dutchmen must havebeen made in the light of experience, because there must have been plentyof those foreign nationals in England, in the early 16th century, as aresult of the trend of brewing with hops. We can be sure that hops were

becoming more widely used by later Tudor times, for we witness the