desafios e oportunidades para os edifícios na direcção de ... · desafios e oportunidades para...

Helder Gonçalves

LNEG

LNEG, 7 de Junho de 2016

Conferência RePUBLIC_ZEB

Desafios e oportunidades para os edifícios na

direcção de uma cidade inteligente

1. Aquecimento Global e redução das emissões de CO2

2. Desenvolvimento Urbano /Cidades

3. Enquadramento Europeu/Objectivos

4. Situação em Portugal

5. As Energias Renováveis

6. Os Edifícios e Cidades do Futuro

7. Os Cidadãos e as Famílias

PROBLEMA DA HUMANIDADE: AQUECIMENTO

GLOBAL - Efeito de Estufa

LiveScience (Credit: Will Elder, National Park Service)

"Mauna Loa CO2 monthly mean concentration" by Delorme - Own work. Data from Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL and Dr.

Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography.. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via Commons -

Alterações Climáticas

Since the late 1800s, earth's average temperature has risen by 1.4 degrees

Fahrenheit (0.8 degrees Celsius) Temperatures are projected to rise another 2 to

11.5 degrees F (1.133 to 6.42 degrees C) over the next 100 years.

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Climate Change in Portugal

Global Warming- Project SIAM

Increasing of Annual Mean Temperature Scenario (DT - ºC)

2020 2050 2080

Mean Precipitation Scenario for 2080 (DP - %) Winter Spring Summer Autumn

( 2CO2 )

Fonte; Projecto SIAM, Prof. Filipe Duarte Santos

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Present and Global Warming Climate

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Global Warming Present

Main Cities

Lisbon Oporto

Desenvolvimento urbano à

escala global

Credit: C. Mayhew & R. Simmon (NASA/GSFC), NOAA/ NGDC, DMSP Digital Archive http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap020810.html

Desde 2008, 50 % da população

mundial vive em cidades

3200 Milhões Wordwatch Institute- State of the world 2007

Em 1950 havia duas cidades com

mais de 10 milhões de habitantes,

Nova York e Tóquio (Megacidades)

Em 2025, o número de megacidades atingirá

37 (21 megacidades na Asia Wordwatch Institute- State of the world

Megacidades em 2015 = 22

Edifícios =

Consumos Energéticos

=

Emissões de CO2

New York

Lima - Perú

ÁREA METROPOLITANA DE LISBOA (AML)

População portuguesa

residente em áreas urbanas:

1950 – 19%

2000 – 68%

AML: 2,6 milhões de habitantes, 25% da população portuguesa.

ENERGIA

Targets for 2030

•a 40% cut in greenhouse gas emissions

compared to 1990 levels

•at least a 27% share of renewable energy

consumption

•at least 27% energy savings compared with the

business-as-usual scenario

EU Energy Strategy

Energy Union

Built with the ambition to achive in a cost –efective way a fundamental transformation of Europe´s Energy System.

Smarter, Flexible, Decrentralised, Integrated , Sustainable, Secure and Competive ways for the consumers.

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Towards an Integrated Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan:

Accelerating the European Energy

System Transformation

https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/news/integrated-set-plan-fit-new-challenges

Targeted focus

• 4 core priorities

• Renewables,

• Consumer,

• Energy efficiency,

• Transport

• 2 research priorities • CCS

• Nuclear

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The Integrated SET Plan – main actions

Technology leadership by

developing highly performant

renewables technologies and their

integration in the system

Cost efficient key technologies

Number one in RES

Number 1 in renewable energy

1. Sustain technological leadership by developing highly performant renewable technologies and their integration in the EU’s energy system:

– EU can restore and scale-up to competitive

manufacturing the next generation of highly performing PV, including the technologies to integrate PV into the built environment

– EU is currently world leader, such as in offshore wind, lignocellulosic biofuels or ocean energy, leadership should be maintained

Number 1 in renewable energy

• Support the development of the next generation of renewables technologies and the improvement of their performance in particular to offshore wind, ocean energy, bioenergy, geothermal technologies, solar thermal, and technologies that convert power into chemicals and fuels

2 - Reduce the cost of key technologies

• in the Northern and Baltic Seas for offshore wind energy systems, including deployment and maintenance technologies and techniques, and develop the associated grid systems,

• on the Atlantic sea board for ocean energy, • in Southern Europe for photovoltaic and solar

thermal systems, algae and biomass residues, • in Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe for

bio-energy and bio-fuels.

The future smart EU energy system, with the consumer at the centre

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The Integrated SET Plan – main actions (II)

Smart homes, smart cities

Resilience, security and smartness

of the energy system

Consumer at the centre of

the future energy system

3 - Create technologies and services for smart homes that provide smart solutions to energy consumers

• give consumers in homes, companies and public administration control to optimise their energy consumption (and production);

• cities the opportunity to optimise the use of energy in their infrastructures, through a more interactive/smarter system, relying on smart grid services.

4 - Increase the resilience, security and smartness of the energy system:

• EU needs to develop and demonstrate innovative power electronics, flexible thermal generation, demand response and storage, as well as efficient heating and cooling technologies (such as heat pumps and combined heat and power);

• Connecting the different networks in an integrated energy system, will be particularly important for ensuring the stability and security of the electricity system, as well as the protection and privacy of consumer data .

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The Integrated SET Plan – main actions (III)

New materials and technologies

for energy efficiency solutions for

buildings

Continue efforts to make EU

industry less energy intensive and

more competitive

Efficient energy systems

5 - Develop new materials and technologies for, and the market uptake of, energy efficiency

solutions for buildings

• The development of advanced materials and industrialised construction processes to reduce costs;

• Accelerate the large-scale market uptake of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings .

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The Integrated SET Plan – main actions (IV)

Become competitive in the

global battery sector

Renewable fuels needed for

sustainable transport solutions

Sustainable transport

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The Integrated SET Plan – additional actions (V)

A forward-looking approach to

carbon capture and storage

(CCS) and carbon capture and

use (CCU)

Increase safety in the use of

nuclear energy

6 - Continue efforts to make EU industry less energy intensive and more competitive ;

7 - Become competitive in the global battery sector to drive e-mobility forward;

8 - Strengthen market take-up of renewable fuels needed for sustainable transport solutions;

9 - Step up research and innovation activities on the application of carbon capture and storage (CCS) and the commercial viability of carbon capture and use (CCU);

10 - Maintaining a high level of safety of nuclear reactors (Increase safety in the use of nuclear energy )

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New impulse to the partnership

Principles: Targeted focus, integrated

approach, new management

Changes:

SET Plan in the Energy Union

Widening to new actors

More joint actions

Transparency, indicators and reporting

Monitoring and knowledge sharing

SET Plan fit for the new challenges

Horizon 2020 Societal Challenge 3 "Secure, Clean and Efficient Energy”

HORIZON 2020 WP 2016/17

'Secure, Clean and Efficient Energy’

1. ENERGY EFFICIENCY

2. COMPETITIVE LOW-CARBON ENERGY

3. SMART AND SUSTAINABLE CITIES

4. Fast-track-to-Innovation pilot (64 itens)

Integrated

energy system

Smart Power and Mobility

City platforms for interoperable

infrastructures and technologies

Nearly 0 or low energy districts

Smart and sustainable cities

Smart Cities and Communities

TOPIC Type of scheme

EC Contribution

SCC 1 – 2016/2017 Smart Cities and Communities lighthouse projects IA (> TRL 7) 12-18 M€

Keywords: smart homes, smart energy, ICT systems and electric vehicles, integration, replication of solutions

EDIFÍCIOS E AS

CIDADES

Os Edifícios em Portugal

representam:

30 % dos consumos energéticos

60 % do consumo eléctrico

2º sector em termos de emissões de CO2

Lisboa

Share of renewables in gross final energy consumption,

2013 and 2020 (%)

Pt (6º)

www.apren.pt

Produção de eletricidade por fonte em 2015 - Apren.

Acumulado janeiro a novembro 2015. Portugal Continental

Energy (NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC)

Portugal Ditched Fossil Fuel Power for 4 Days. Can We

Go Longer?

Portugal became the latest country to coast solely on renewable energy this

month, going without fossil-fuel power for four days straight. Denmark, Germany,

and others recently have declared similar feats. But are these temporary clean-

power surges a mark of real change, and if so, how far can that go?

Achieving a big scale-up of renewable energy will take more than building wind

and solar power plants.

Solar Settlement Freiburg, Germany

Architecture and Concept: Rolf Disch

11,000 m² area with 59 terrace houses,

3,150 m² roof integrated PV,

district heating network

Solaire – Battery Park City, NY: 33 kWp USGBC LEED – Gold Architect: Cesar Pelli

Cortesy

ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION CHALLENGE

Innovation_Park/InnovParkBrochure2012.pdf

Bahrain World Trade Center

Sigma House BRE Innovation Park

ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION CHALLENGE

slide 48 de 11

Towards Innovation - Towards NZEB

sapa-s

ola

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BIPV PCM

www.glassx.ch

BIPV-T

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Os Desafios do Futuro

1. Alterações Climáticas /COP Clima

2. Cidades e o novo paradigma (Smart Cities/Smart Grids)

3. Mudanças no Sistema Energético,

(introdução das Energias Renováveis)

4. Eficiência Energética nos Edifícios e nas

Cidades (REABILITAÇÃO)

5. Mini-geração Renovável

6. NZEB – Net Zero Energy Buildings

7. Quadro Legal /Regulamentar

8. CIDADÃO e as Famílias

ENERGY IN CITY

ENERGY NETWORK

BUILDINGS

city energy flows

smart grids NZEB?

urban morphology

shift bewteen thermal and

electrical loads

interaction between

building and grid

… … …

SUPPLY TECH

integration of RES in building

and grids

hybrid supply systems

TRANSPORT

electric mobility

public transport

Walking/cicling

SMART CITIES - KEY ACTIONS/AREAS? obrigado

helder.goncalves@lneg.pt

laura.aelenei@lneg.pt