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I
Crary
(1997:69)"A group of phonological disorders resulting from disruption of
central sensorimotor processes that interfere with motor learning for speech"
):
PrWd
Feet
Syllables
Segments
Features
Selkirk 1984,
Nespor & Vogel 1986
Prince
Hayes 1981, Kager 1989
(onsetnucleus
codarhyme
V
l bottle
Jakobson 1941
Chomsky & Halle 1968
(onset
(CC)
coda
CCC
CVC
.CV>V, CV>CVC
, McCarthy & PrinceHayes 1989
f ox
CV
CVCVC
CVC.CVCV
Kenstowicz
VCVSenufoHawaiinSomali, Tangale Yawelmani
V CVVCCVC
CCVCCVCC
CVV
CVba baaCVV
ba
loudnessLadefoged 1975
(Steriade 1982, Clements 1990
onset
coda
Kenstowicz 1994taytad
tay.taytad.tadt
yt d
ta
ta
a
t
tdb,p
k,g,x .(Dinnsen 1996
x
q
t,dk,g,xa
feature
– SPEChomsky & Halle1968
Goldsmith 1976
–SPE
[+cont-cont
(underspecification
Rice 1992, Archengeli 1988
coronal
tk
[dorsal
Maddieson 1984
–
t
Placet,p,k
(full specification
(underspecification
CV(C1C2
SSG(Sonority Sequencing Generalization
Clenemets 1990levana
kxulalv
OCPObligatory Contour Principle
(McCarthy 1986/xi.le.lu/ /dib.ru/
Syllable Contact
Ponapeanrot-rottr
rotorotRice 1992
Diola-Fogny
ujuk-ja]kj
ujuja Sapir
1965(Rice 1992
CVC1C
Sidamo gudnonni
[gun.don.nidn
Vennemann 1988
(Rice 1992
Ingram 1989, Grunwel 1981
Ingram 1986
['gi.da] cvccv
ba.'bu] cvcvc
dur
CV
[dad]
'de.del
]fe'.fabi.bu'
'tu.ti
kop]
[ta.'dur–
STOPPING[bi.'lon].
FRONTING tof
BACKINGkov]
FrontingBacking
–
–Rice & Avery 1995
–
GLIDING (l ,r(y,w [yo]wo.'ve]
ta.'pi]
tiers
association lines
Goldsmith
McCarthy &
Prince 1986, Selkirk 1980, Hayes 1986
McCarthy & Prince
PrWd
FOOT
SYLLABLE
MORA
(1995) Demuth and Fee
CV
bi.bi:baby [pu.pu:]
pu:s .
CVCV
CVCCVVfoot
bo:.mi;ba.lon
mnwel
Graf & Ussishkin 2001, Becker 2002
Adam
inttrin
pompabalon
Fikkert 1994
te:la’fo:n
nei.’ka ka i.'ka nei.'ka nei.'ka
ra.'ke.vet ve 'ke.ve (r)a.'ke.ve(t) (r)a.'ke.ve(t) melafe’fon fo(n) fe’fon lafe’fon melafe’fon
CV
pb
Jakobson 1941
–(Dinnsen
b,p,d,t,g,km,ny,w
Jakobson
dorsal–coronal
[labial]
Shahin 1994
q/
bt
–
Prince &
Smolensky 1993Paradis & Prunet Lombardi
mn
m
n
mn
mn
nm
CVCV
CVVCVC
(Fikkert 1994, Demuth and Fee 1995
(Fikkert 1994, Archibald 1995
Kehoe & Stoel-Gammon 1997
Adam (2002
Tealman & Gillis
etelatletat
Miller (1986:54)
"A disorder of the higher cortical processes
involved in a planning and execution of learned, volitional, purposeful movments in the
presence of normalreflexes, power, tone, co-ordination and sensation"
IV(DSM
Developmental Co-ordination Disorder)
Portwood 1999
Pedretti et al. (1996:235)
purposeful movements")"Inability to plan and perform
Maassen et al. (2001:145
("A Speech disorder that consists of the inability to produce speech
sounds by moving the articulators (tongue, lips, jaw) in the right position and to
correctly sequence sounds into syllables and words"
, Aram & Nation (1982:165
("Multiple components of the expressive
grammer were involved in the disorder"
DAS
Darley et al )
1975, Maassen et al. 2001
Crary
I
Worster-Drought (1956:453"Isolated weakness or
paralysis of the muscular structures which derive their nerve supply… and thus includes
the periphal organs of speech"
al. 1954) etMorely
Morely
DAS
DAS –
Rosenbek & Wertz 1972
–Aram
(Rosenberg & Wertz 1972, Aram & Glasson 1979
Kent 2000
Shrieberg et al.1997
Shriberg et al. (1997
DAS
Tallal 1976
DAS
Bridgman & Snowling
(Aram & Flasson 1979)
Maquardt et al 2002, Shriberg et al.1997a
Marion
(1993
McCabe, Rosental, &
McLeod 1998, Ozanne 1995
DAS-
Guyette & Dietrich 1981
Shrieberg, Aram & Kwiatkowski 1997, Yoss & Darley 1974
DAS
DDKpa-ta-ka
Crary 2002Murdoch, Attard & Stokes 1995,
Rosenbek & Wertz 1972, Yoss &
Darley 1974
Shrieberg et al
DAS
(Shrieberg et al. 1997
DAS
pitchloudness
DAS
DAS
(Shriberg, Aram, &
(Kwiatkowski 1997a
(Vellman & Shriberg 1999
Skinder et al.
oral praxis
DDKpa-ta-ka
Murdoch, Attard & Stokes 1995, Stackhouse 1992
Williams & Stackhouse 2000)
DDK
VCVC(VCV
CVCVC
CCVCCVC
CVCCV
'sa.baCVCVsir
CVC–mig.'dalCVCCVC
dliCCVkufsa
CVCCV
b
s'sa.ba
mas.'rekmix.na.'sa.im
-'o.to.bus
v/zvuv'xa.lav
a.va.'ti.ax
'ma.im ma
ma.'tos os
a.'ni ni
yal.'da ta
ka.'dur du
'i.ma ma
ci.'por po
bisk.'vit bi
'du.bi bi
pa.'ra pa
CVosVC
os
pobi
bima
ma
ma.'tos os
a.'ni ni
ka.'dur du
mi.'ta ta
a.fi.'fon pon
ma.ta.'na na
'du.bi 'tu.bi
'ko.va 'o.pa
'gli.da 'a.da
'bam.ba 'ba.ba
'te.le.fon 'te.pon
ei.'na.im 'na.i
of.'na.im 'na.i
no.'se.a 'e.a
maf.'te.ax 'te.ax
ra.'ke.vet 'ke.ve
miv.'re.et 'e.set
cfar.'de.a 'de.a
ca.'la.xat 'la.xat
miv.'re.et 'fe.fet
ya.'da.im 'da.im
a.ga.'la ga.'la
me.xo.'nit xo.'nit
a.vi.'ron bi.'lo
gu.fi.'ya fi.'ya
ku.bi.'yot bu.'yot
san.da.'lim da.'im
'na.i'ke.ve
fi.'yabi.'lo
'te.pon
ma.'te] te.ax] ,'
ma.'te] - 'te.ax]
'te.axma.'te
te.le.'viz.ya 'viz.ya
tar.ne.'go.let 'go.let mix.na.'sa.im 'sa.im
na.a.'la.im 'a.im
mix.na.'sa.im 'sa.im tar.ne.'go.let 'go.let
he.li.'kop.ter 'kop.te
gaf.ru.'rim a.fu.'im
mi.ka.'fa.im ka.'fa.i a.ga.'la a.ga.'la
me.la.fe.'fon a.fe.'fon
maf.'te.ax a.'te.ax
me.cil.'ta.im ci.'ta.im ma.ga.'fa.im ka.'fa.im
me.xo.ni.'yot xo.no.'yot
–
tar.ne.'go.let ta. e.'do.let
he.li.'kop.ter he.li.'ko.ke mix.na.'sa.im mi.sa.'sa.im ma.ga.'fa.im a.ga.'fa.i
i.po.po.'tam i.po.o.'tam
xul.'ca 'tu.'sa mi.'ta 'mi.'ta ar.'ye 'a.'ye
bar.'vaz 'pa.'pas ri.'mon 'i.'mon mif.'ras 'mi.'fas
la.'van 'ya.'van
budatuba
butaka
ba natuma
bapagaka
Adam
Adam
Adi- Bensaid & Bat- El
mamopai
Fee 1995) Demuth and
Fikkert1994
Adam
au
ba
Dromi et al.
a i u o e Levelt
pa
p
r
:
,]ni'.a[,] im.ma'[
] ma.i' [
]rpo'.ci([,]ra'.pa[, ]vit.skbi'([
,]bi.du'[
]ost'.ma[, ]rdu'.ka [os
to
auAdam 2002
'na.a 'na.al
'ba.i 'ba.it
'ye.le 'ye.led
'ke.me 'e.me.
'ke.le 'ke.lev
'le.xe 'le.xem
'a.ko 'ram.kol
ba.'ba bar.'vaz
me.'i me.'il
ka.'lo a.'lo
da.'na za.'nav
pa.'ti pa.'ti
ma.'me mas.'mer
'so.ko.la 'o.ko.lad
ta.'pu.a ta.'pu.ax
o.'na.i oz.'na.im
ga.'ba.i gar.'ba.im
a.'ke.ve ra.'ke.vet
mi.ka.'ki mis.xa.'kim
a.bi.'o a.vi.'ron
me.lu.'le.xe e.lux.'le.xet
'ta.tor trak.tor
'ta.tik 'mas.tik
efa.' max. 'ev
du.'fin dol.'fin
i.'xak mis.'xak
ma.'pik mas.'pik
a.'buk bak.'buk
a.'pex ma. 'pex
ma.'zek maz.'leg
ke.'mad nex.'mad
tu.'xan ul.'xan
a.'tex mas.'mer
pa.'pax par.'par
'a.bu.las 'am.bu.lans
a.'te.ax maf.'te.ax
a.'ya.im rag.'la.im
o.'ka.im oz.'na.im
mi.'be.set miv'.re. et
sa.da.'lim san.da.'lim
ga.ga.'lim gal.ga.'lim
su.su.'yot su.kar.'yot
mi.sa.'sa.im mix.na.'sa.im
i.pa.'a.im mis.pa.'ra.im
'sta.i'ba.ia.'pu.a
e.'xadya.'vana.'sef
l 'pil.pel 'pil.pel
r 'tar.tor 'trak.tor
m 'bam.bam 'bam.ba
m 'pam.pa 'bam.ba
s 'mas.tik 'mas.tik
'e. ba 'ec.ba
t ket. op 'ket. op
l yal.'da yal.'da
l tul.'xan ul.'xan
l xul.'ca xul.'ca
r par.'par par.'par
r bar.'baz bar.'vaz
m pam.'po am.'po
m kim.'la sim.'la
m im.'la sim.'la
n pan.'ter psan.'ter
z naz.'led maz.'leg
s bis.'bik bisk.'vit
s as.'me mas.'mer
s mas.'xik mac.'xik
f kif.' a kiv.'sa
x mex.lux.'lax me.lux.'lax
e.be.'ot ec.ba.'ot
g,n ag.van.'ya ag.van.'ya
g ag.va.'ya ag.van.'ya
x max .e.'fa max .e.'fa .
f af.ta.'a af.ta.'a
f maf.'te.ax maf.'te.ax
x max.'be. et max.'be.ret
t a.'bat.ya am.'bat.ya
f caf.'de.a cfar.'de.a
x ix.la.'sa.im mix.na.'sa.im
k e.li.'pok.ter he.li.'kop.ter
mi .ta.'a.im mis.pa.'ra.im
x pox.'na.im ci.por.'na.im
l pal.te.'li.na plas.te.'li.na
po po
six sir
xol xol
pe pe
ba bat
ze ze
xut xut
mi mic
pil pil
mit mic
tut sus
cav cav
ec ec
xum xum
ke ken
tu tut
lo lo
su sus
ta dag
ko kos
CVV
Fikkert 1994, Pater & Barlow 2003
()
l a.'van la.'van
l e.'tan lei.'can
m a.'tos ma.'tos
m a.'kom ma.'kom
m i.'xak mis.'xak
m a.'pex ma.'pex
m a.'me mas.'mer
n a.'xon na.'xon
x a.'tul xa.'tul
b a.'buk bak.'buk
l 'le.xe 'le.xem
n 'na.al 'na.al
m ma.'kel ma.'kel
m ma.'tos ma.'tos
s 'sa.ba 'sa.ba
x 'xe.be 'xe.vel
b ba.'lon ba.'lon
k ka.'pit ka.'pit
k 'ko.ba 'ko.va
t ti.’not ti.'nok
t ta.'pu ta.'puz
…CV. 'CVCVV. 'CVCV. 'CV
(…'CV.CV'V.CV'CV.CV(
ml
mma.'kom
ma.'kel
m
m a.'te.ax maf.'te.ax
r a.'ke.se ra.'ke.vet
t a.'fu.ax ta'pu.ax
a.'ti.yax a.'ti.ax
m a.ga.'fa.i ma.ga.'fa.im
m a.xi.'sa.im ma.ga.'fa.im
m a.ri.'sa.im mix.na.'sa.im
m i.ta.'ta.im mix.na.'sa.im
kl, m e.a.'ti.na kle.man.'ti.na
m a.be.'ka mad.be.'ka
m a.sa.'it ma.sa.'it
m e.lu.’la me.lu.’na
s an.da.’li san.da.’lim
x i.pu.'it iti.pu.'x
t,n a.e.'dol tar.ne.'gol
m a.te.'ta mag.le.' a
[a.xi.'sa.im
a.ga.'fa.i
m
m ma.ga.'sa.im ma.ga.'fa.im
x xi.sa.'sa.im
m mi.a.'sa.im
m mi.sa.'sa.im
m mi.na.'sa.im
m mi.xa.'sa.im
mix.na.'sa.im
m mi. ta.'ra.im
m mi. ta.'a.im
mis.pa.'ra.im
m me.ki.'ka.im me.cil.'ta.im
m mi.a .'fa.im mi.ka.'fa.im
t te.le.'vi.za
t te.e.'di.a
s se.se.'vi.za
te.le.'viz.ya
s si.po.'a.im ci.por.'na.im
k ka.du.'e.de ka.du.'re.gel
t ta.e.'go.let tar.ne.'go.let
p pal.te.'li.na plas.te.'li.na
ma.ta.'te
consonant cluster
unatmnkbacomplex onset
complex coda
sonority sequencing principle
algdmi
bil.bul
aximpr nktaarxb aakvr mi
orktatr
icprhitank, neft
V CCC C V C
tut r ams
a.'u klum
'a.im 'ta.im
'a.da 'gli.da
o.'a dvo.'ra
'e.der 'sve.der
a.'dim bga.'dim
'i.da 'gli.da
i.'na gvi.'na
'i.ce 'ni.cel
i.'ta kvi.'sa
i.'xa smi.'xa
C
C
C C
z v vuv zvuv
t 'ta.i taim
t 'ta.im 'taim
s t tav stav
n 'ni.tse 'ni.cel
s v 've.ge 'sve.der
s m mi.'xa smi.'xa
g d do.'la gdo.'la
b g ga.'tim bga.'dim
d g ga.'lim dga.'lim
g v vi.'na gvi.'na
d l li dli
d v vo.'a dvo.'ra
g l 'li.da ‘gli.da
k v vi kvi
k f fa.'fo kfa.'fot
p s sa.'te psan.'ter
k c ci.’ca kci.’ca
k m mo kmo
Steriade 2000
CVCC
C
C
Smith 1973
C
C
Clements 1990, Steriade
1982, Ohala,1999
[dlikfafotC
C
VCC
VC
'gi.da
Gnanadesikan 1995, (Kappa 2002, Pater & Barlow 2003
'li.da
C C
p r pa.'xim pra.'xim
t r 'ta.to(r) 'trak.tor
t r tis tris
t r tu.'fa tru.'fa
b r be.'xa bre.'xa
s r so.'xim sro'xim
s r sox srox
k l ka.'vi kla.'vim
k l ka.'shim kla.'fim
k l ki.'pa kli.'pa
d l di dli
g l 'gi.da 'gli.da
p l 'pa.tse 'plas.ter
l o.'a lo.'a
k m ko kmo
t m tu.'no(t) tmu.'not
t m tu.'na tmu.'na
m 'o.ne 'mo.ne
n 'sa.i naim
C C
k f ka.'fa kfa.'fa
p s pan.'ter psan.'ter
s v 'se.de 'sve.de
z v zu zvuv
k x ku.'la kxu.'la
b g ba.'di(m) bga.'dim
s g su.'la sgu.'la
k t ka.'na kta.'na
–
–
C C C C
pan'terku.'la
'na.immu.'na
'sa.im
[tu.'not]ko
C
COALESENCE
C C
t k l ta.'lav klav.'lav
p d v po'a dvo.'ra
b k v bi kvi
b c f ba.'de.a cfar.'dea
CC
dvp
–ku.'fak
tr
Gananadesikan 1995
treepit
rp
'di.li dli
gu.du.'la gdo.'la
se.gu.'a sgu.'ra
de.lu.'ki dlu.'kim
i.mi.'xa smi.'xa
CV
'di.li
gu.du.'lae
ke.'lum
de.'lige.vi.'naze.'vuvke.xu.'lim
e[se.fa.'rim
e
e
su.su.'yot'a.ma.'la
kaf.'sim kva.'sim
pal.te.'li.na plas.te.'li.na
giv.'na'gil.da'tar.tor
sav.'deasim.'xa
gli dli
dli dli
klum klum
kluv kluv
kvi kvi
'ta.i 'ta.’im
gu.'lot sgu.'lot
cfa.'de.a cfar.'de.a
kv
'ta.i
Fikkert 1994
lr
l
rFikkert
mi.a.'sa.im mix.na.'sa.im
ba.'a bar.'vaz
ya.'a yal.'da
a.'e.ret ar.'e.ret
–
–C
VCV
[…VCCV…] VCV…]
…VCV…] […V.CV…
C
CC
C
(VC1C2V
C C
C C C C
C
(CC
C
C C
s t 'ma.tik 'mas.tik
v t 'sa.ta 'sav.ta
f k ka.'ka kaf.'kaf
m b 'ba.ba 'bam.ba
z l ma.'le maz.'leg
l c xu.'ca xul.'ca
l x tu.'xan ul.'xan
s m ma.'me mas.'mer
v s ki.'sa kiv.'sa
x s mi.'se mix.'se
k b a.'buk bak.'buk
p a.'pex ma'pex
x mi.'xa mi.'xa
s p ma.'pik mas.'pik
z n o.'na.i oz.'na.im
m b a.'bat.ya am.'bat.ya
g v a.van.'ya ag.van.'ya
s p i.pa.'a.im mis.pa.'ra.im
Steriade 2000
CCCV
VC
VCVCVC2V
Ctu.’xan
mi.’se
CVVC
C
C
C C
b r 'be.ba 'zeb.ra
m l si.'ma sim.'la
z l ma.'ze(k) maz.'leg
x l o.'xim ox.'lim
s x mi.'sa mis.'xak
t x po.'tim pot.'xim
g d mi.'gal mig.'dal
g l a.'ga.im rag.'la.im
s k i.'se.se mi'ke.fet
t r pi.ti.'ya mit.ri.'ya
t r mi.ti.'ya mit.ri.'ya
d l a.di.'kim mad.'li.kim
d n na.de.'da nad.ne.'da
g v a.ga.'ya ag.van.'ya
x l a.xi.'e.li nax.li.'e.li
x n i.xa.'sa.i mix.na.'sa.im
CC
Ohala 1998, Barlow 2005
CC
C
'a.ba 'ar.ba r
'a.ti 'ar.tik r
be.'be har.'be r
ba.'ba bar.'vaz r
ba.'vaz bar.'vaz r
a.'bis mar.'bic r
a.'gas ar.'gaz r
ma.'pe 'pexma
a.'ye ar.'ye r
o.'na.im oz.'na.im z
ga.'ba.im gar.'ba.im r
o.ga.'nit or.ga.'nit r
a.na.'im ar.na.'vim r
C
'ze.ba(k) 'zeb.ra r
'je.ba 'zeb.ra r
ga.'fu gaf.'rur r
ma.'se(k) mas.'rek r
to.'fix tof.'rim r
ko.' i ko'rim r
su.'gim sog.'rim r
mi.'fax mif.'ras r
o.'mi om.'ri r
ma.'a mar.'a r
a.'ye ar.'ye r
mi.'ve.se miv.'re.et r
i.'fo.ax ef.'ro.ax r
a.ge.'fa mag.re.'fa r
p)i.ti.'ya mit.ri.'ya r
ma.o.'kit maro.'kit r
ma.de.'go mad.re.'got r
su.ka.'yo su.kar.'yot r
xa.co.'ca xa.coc.'ra r
i.ti.'ya pit.ri.'ya r
r
r
C(C2
r-b bar.'baz bar.'vaz
m-p pam.'po am.'po
m-b 'bam.ba 'bam.ba
l-d yal.'da yal.'da
l-p 'pil.pel 'pil.pel
n-t pan.'ter psan.'ter
n-t san.'te psan.'ter
n-t ti.'kan.ti ti.'kan.ti
n-d an.da.'li san.da.'lim
l-x tul.'xan ul.'xan
-v u.'vi yovim
-b ni.'ba ni.'bar
-b 'e.ba 'ec.ba
s-t 'mas.ti 'mas.tik
x-b max.'be.ret max.'be.ret
x-b ax.'ba rax.'ba
f-t af.'te.ax maf.'te.ax
f-t af.ta.'a af.ta.'a
f-t 'af.ta 'sav.ta
n-y 'ken.yon 'ken.yon
m-l sim.'la sim.'la
s-m as.'me mas.'mer
z-l maz.'led maz.'leg
f-s kif.'sa kiv.'sa
d-y 'rad.yo 'rad.yo
p-r par.'par par.'par
coronalscorvoice
nasal
nas
p,b,t,d,m,n,j
lab cor -voice p t -son
+voice b d +nas m n +son
nas y
continuentcont
[stridentstrd
[lab] cor] dor
-voice p t [-cont]
voice b d
-voice f x)* [-strd]
+voice (v)
-voice s
-son
[+cont]
[+strd]
+voice
z
[+nas] n +son
[-nas] y
szstrd
zsvfx+cont
dorsaldor
k,g
[lab] cor] dor
-voice p t k [-cont]
voice b d g
-voice f x [-strd]
+voice (v)
-voice s
-son
[+cont]
[+strd] +voice
z
[+nas] m n +son
[-nas] y
laterallat
l
[lab] cor] dor
-voice p t k [-cont]
voice b d g
-voice f x [-strd]
+voice v
-voice s
-son
[+cont]
[+strd]
+voice
z
[+nas]
m n
[+nas]
[+lat]
l
+son
[-nas]
[-lat]
y
l
c
c
c
c
c
Miccio & Ingnisano
2000 Shriberg & Kwiatkowski 1982 Stoel-Gammon 1985
[lab] cor]
[+ant]
[cor]
[-ant]
dor
-voice p t k [-cont]
[-strd]
voice b d g
[-cont]
[+strd]
c
-voice f x [-strd]
+voice v
-voice s
-son
[+cont]
[+strd]
+voice
z
[+nas]
m n
+son
[+nas]
[+lat]
l
[-nas]
[-lat]
y
r
dorson+cons]
[lab] cor]
[+ant]
[cor]
[-ant]
dor
-voice p t k [-cont]
[-strd]
voice b d g
[-cont]
[+strd]
c
-voice f x [-strd]
+voice v
-voice s
-son
[+cont]
[+strd]
+voice
z
[+nas]
m n
[-nas]
[+lat]
l
+son
[-nas]
[-lat]
y r
r
rz
z
(CVCVCV
u ae
CVCVCV
vtr
'le.le 'ye.led
'de.dek 'xe.dek
'bu.bi 'du.bi
'ka.ko 'trak.tor
'se.sa 'te. a
ee 'ge.em
ta.'tan ka.'tan
va.'vax da.'var
ka.'kom ma.'kom
pam.'po am.'po
da.'dim bga.'dim
ti.'ta mi.'ta
to.'te o'te
pa.'pu.ax ta.'pu.ax
ta.'te.ax maf.'te.ax
ga.'ge.bet ma.'ge.vet
ci.'ca.ya gi.'ta.ra
ta.'ti.ax a.va.'ti.ax
ta.'ti.a a.'ti.ax
be.bi.'bon se.vi.'von
ga.ge.'gol tar.ne.’gol
su.ya.’ya su.kar.'ya
mi.sa.'sa.im mix.na.'sa.im
Ingram 1974
'ta.ta'fo.fi'fa.fa'na.nu
[ci.'ca.yact
[mi.sa.'sa.im
'xa.xa *'sa.sa 'xa.sa
ba.'ba *lo.'lo ba.'lon
e.lu.'la e.nu.'na me.lu.'na
sa.'se *ra.'re mas.'rek
se.se.'vi.sa *le.le.'vi.sa te.le.'viz.ya
su.su.'ya ku.ka.'ya su.kar.'yot
gi.'ka.a ti.'ta.a gi.'ta.ra
o.’ke.ke o.’de.det ro.’ke.det
i.'ka.ga ti.'ta.ya gi.'ta.ra
'xo.xo 'vo.vo re.'xo.vot
ku.ku.'yon *do.di.'yon
ki.ki.'yon *do.di.'yon a.kor.di.'yon
te.te.'di.a le.le.'vi.za te.le.'viz.ya
'bu.bi'ta.ta
ba.'ba[na.na.'na.i
bnll
Ingram 1974
–
'ko.pa 'ko.va
gu.pi.'ya gu.fi.'ya
kop kof
kot kos
ca.'ze.a cfar.'de.a
'xo.va 'ko.va
'te.fe 'se.fer
pof kof
'te.le 'ke.lev
'pu.bi 'du.bi
ka.gu.'kal ka.dur.'sal
ka.'leg maz.'leg
ta.'du ka.'dur
a.'ef max.'ev
'ko.let tar.ne.'go.let
ka.'fa.i ma.ga.'fa.im
ga.du.'sal ka.dur.'sal
tof tov
o.'ged ro.'ked
'ba.ze 'pa.zel
'ko.fa 'ko.va
ta.'pus ta.'puz
a.'kas a.'gas
xa.'ke.fe ra.'ke.vet
jib djip
zat
pufbav
Bernhardt & Stemberger 1998, Levelt 1994
Menn 1975, Smith)
1973
final devoicing
a.’efta.'pustof
[mif.'xan
mid.'bax
final devoicing
jib
xa.'ke.fe'ko.fa
ka.'fa.io.'ged
[ga.du.'sal
fumta.'du
tan
CVC
fum[a.'das
[ ka.gu.'kalpa.'te.ax
a.pa.'ti.a
‘ke.leb
'te.le][ka.gu.'kal
Bernhardt & Stemberger1998, Ingram 1978, Levelt 1994,
ga:kdogpa.papocket
[poftof[ta.’pu]stan
[a.pa.'ti.ax'pu.bi
'te.le 'ke.lev
'pu.bi 'du.bi
'ko.pa 'ko.va
gu.pi.'ya gu.fi.'ya
ka.gu.'kal ka.dur.'sal
ta.'du rka.'du
pa.'te.ax maf.'te.ax
ca.'ze.a cfar.'dea
'ko.fa 'ko.va
a.pa.'ti.a a.va.'ti.ax
'ke.leb 'ke.lev
kop kof
tof tov
pof kof
tan kan
ka.'leg maz.'leg
'dad.yo 'rad.yo
a.'ef max.'ev
ta.'pus ta.'puz
kop]['te.le]
'ko.fa]
aiueo
Ladefoged & Maddison 1990
highu,i
o,elowa
e,o,u,iround–backo,u
a,e,i
a e i o u
high
low
back
round
o a go.'dol ga.'dol
o a ko.'xol ka.'xol
o a o.'zon ram.'zor
o a bo.' lo.nim ba.lo.'nim
o a mo.'tos ma.'tos
i e ki.'lim ke.'lim
i e i. i.'ka ne. i.'ka
o e 'o.fo 'ei.fo
e i 'e.ne 'i.ne
o a o.'do.let tar.ne.'go.let
o i xo.no.'yot me.xo.ni.'yot
o u to.'not tmu.'not
a i 'a.na a.'ni
a e a.'la a.'le
[‘a.na]a.’la]
a
a
i e i.'xa e.'xad
i e i.'fo.ax ef.'ro.ax
i e i.'ma.la le.'ma.la
u o mu.'se mo.'cec
u o u.'fe ro.'fe
u o u.'sa o.'se
u o u.fa.'na.i o.fa.'na.im
u o nu.'el no.'el
u o u.'sim nos.'im
u o u.'sim o.'sim
i e ki.'lim ke.'lim
ouei
u,iki.'lim
[u.'simi.'xa
(SLI
ounu.'peu.’peu.'na.i
ko.'e
iua
ga.'va
ba.'zak
a.'baz
bar.'vaz
'ta.sa
'sa.xa
'xa.xa
'xa.sa
a.'ke.be
ka.'ke.be
ka.'ke.ve
'ke.vet
a.'ke.bek
ra.'ke.vet
di
'di.li
dli
dli
su.'sa
xu.'sa
suf.'xa
xul.'ca
a.'de.a
ta.a.'de.a
ta.'ze.ya cfar.'dea
a.ra.'ti.za
te.ra.'zi.za
ze.ye.'zi.za
te.le.'vi.za
te.le.'viz.ya
mi.'se mix.'se
'de.a cfar.'de.a
a.'te.ax maf.'te.ax
xo.'nit me.xo.'nit
’go.let tar.ne.’go.let
’kop.te
e.li.’pok.te he.li.’kop.ter
ci.'ta.im me.cil.’ta.im
ka.'fa.i ma.ga.’fa.im
'xo.va 'ko.va
da
a.'da yal.'da
'da.im ya.'da.im
a.'ke.vet ra.'ke.vet
a.fu.'im gaf.ru.'rim
o.'do.le
ta. e.'do.let tar.ne.'go.let
xam xam
'e.xem 'le.xem
ta.i ta.im
a.'do
a.'dom a.'dom
a.'ga.im rag.'la.im
i.'na.i ei.'na.im
i.fo.'xi ef.ro.'xim
i.xa.'sa.i mix.na.'sa.im
na.a.'la.im na.a.'la.im
mi.a'fa.i mi.ka'fa.im
mi.ta.'a.im mis.pa.'ra.im
xa xam
'sa.i na.im
a.'do
a.'dom a.'dom
i.'na.i ei.'na.im
xa.xa.'kim mis.xa.'kim
a.xi.'sa.i
a.xi.'sa.im mix.na.'sa.im
CVCV V
CVCVCV
CVCVCV V
CVCVCVCV
CV
l, t a. te.'ta mag.le.' a
k s i.'se.se mi.'ke.fet
t f,n 'fe.e.fon 'te.le.fon
r p i.'pa.pa dzi.'ra.fa
m n a.a.'non pa.a.'mon
c k ka.ka.'i xa.ca.'it
k l 'lo.lo.la 'o.ko.lad
t s 'se.se.so 'te.le.fon
t,n g,l ga.ge.'gol tar.ne.'gol
k s,y su.ya.'ya su.kar.'ya
l t,m ta.te.'ma mac.le.'ma
x m,k mi.ka.'ki mis.xa.'kim
m,r s,k ku.su.'ki .ro.'kitma
m,r s,k su.su.'ki .ro.'kitma
m p,y pi.pi.'ya mit.ri.'ya
d c,z ca.'ze.a cfar.'de.a
f,c k,t ko.'te.tet ko.'fe.cet
p pe.pi.'po.pe he.li.'kop.ter
n na.na.'na.i na.a.'la.im
n xa.xi.'e.i nax li.'e.li
t,m tu.tu.'tam hi.po.po'tam
s,v se.se.'vi.sa te.le.'viz.ya
t,d te.ta.'di.a te.le.'viz.ya
k,n ku.ku.ku.'yon a.kor.di.'yon
m,s mi.sa.'sa.im mix.na.'sa.im
k,d ka.ku.'e.de ka.du.'re.gel
pe.pi.'po.pe]
ta.te.'mase.se.'vi.sa
fe.fe.'fom
nm[ca.'ze.a
zd
ku.su.'ki–su.su.'kis,k
–
–
l 'te.e.fon
l 'te.e.pom
l 'te.e.pon
'te.le.fon
n 'xa.u.ka 'xa.nu.ka
n i.'a.im i.'na.im
t gi.'a.a gi.'ta.a
l me.u.'na me.lu.'na
n
ta.e.'gol tar.ne.'gol
v a.i.'on a.vi.'ron
f gu. i.'ya gu.fi.'ya
m e.a.'ti.na kle.man.'ti.na
n me.a.'pe.ax me.na.'pe.ax
n mi.a.'sa.im mix.na.'sa.im
n
ta. e.'do.let tar. ne.'go.let
l ‘o.ko.ad ‘o.ko.lad
n o.fa.'a.im o.fa.'na.im
p
i.po.o.'tam i.po.po.'tam
l xa.xi.'e.i nax.li.'e.li
me.u.'na
me.a.'pe.ax
gi.'a.ao.fa.'a.im
mnl
r
–
'te.re.so n'te.le.fo
'o.to. bu 'o.to. bus
'lo.lo.la 'o.ko.lad
'o.ko.la 'o.ko.lad
a.'ke.be ra.'ke.vet
a.'pu.a ta.'pu.ax
a.'ke.ve ra.'ke.vet
mi.'ve.se etmiv.'re.
o.'na.i oz.'na.im
a.du.'sa ka.dur.'sal
ma.te.'xo maf.te.'xot
ba. lo.'ni ba.lo.'nim
sa.da.'li san.da.'lim
a.pa.'ti.a
a.ra.'ti.a a.va.'ti.ax
na.na.'na.i na.a.'la.im
na.'la.i na.a.'la.im
mi. a.'fa.i .ka.'fa.immi
a.bi.'o
a.ga.'fa.i
ma.sa.'ia. o.'ki
i.xa.'sa.iu.fa.'na.i
a.'o ka.'xol
a.'o a.'dom
e.'o ne.'rot
i.'i i.'ti
a.'i a.'ni
o.'a ro.'ca
a.'a ka.'tan
a.'o ya.'rok
'a.a 'na.al
i.'a 'ti.ras
e.'o le.e.'xol
o.i'a o.ni.'a
a.i.'o a.vi.'ron
o.o.'u 'o.to. bus
Bat-El 2004Adi-Bensaid
SLI
CVVC
pa.'a ta.'a pa.'ra
'bu.bi 'pu.pi 'du.bi
sam.'po pam.'po am.'po
ka.'rit ta.'rit ka.'rit
pa.'par pa.'pax par.'par
mi.'ta ti.'ta mi.'ta
xa.ru.'zim ta.ru.'zim xa.ru.'zim
ta.'ti.ax ka.'ti.ax a.'ti.ax
dag dak dag
'ze.ba 'be.ba 'zeb.ra
gi.'ca.ra gi.'sa.ya gi.'ta.ra
kof kos kof
'tu.ki 'tu.ti 'tu.ki
ma.'de da.'ye maz.'leg
'te.le.so 'xe.xe.so 'te.le.fon
pa.’pa _a.'pa par.'par
pa.'non _a.'non ba.'lon
ka.'me.ax ka.'me.a_ sa.'me.ax
a.bi.'on a.bi.'o_ a.vi.'ron
ji.'a.fa _i.'a.fa dzi.'ra.fa
ma.'nul ma.'nu_ ma.'nul
ba.lo.'nim ba.lo.'ni_ ba.lo.'nim
'na.al '_a.a_ 'na.al
'ma.xat 'ma.xa_ 'ma.xat
ic.'pa I_.'pa ric.'pa
te.na.'ti.na _e._a.'ti.na kle.man.'ti.na
mig.'dal _i_.'dal mig.'dal
kaf ka_ kaf
maf.'te.yax ma_.'te.yax maf.'te. ax
be.'ta _.ta bei.'ca
i.mi.'xa _mi.'xa smi.'xa
ef.'o.ax _.'o.ax ef.'ro.ax
ko.'dot kot._ ne.ku.'dot
e.e.'ma _.e.'ma mac.le.'ma
mi.ta.'fa.im ta.'fa.im ka.'fa.immi
mas.'lek ka_.'leg maz.'leg
am.'bat.ya a_.'bag.ya am.'bat.ya
su.ka.'yot su.ku.'yu_ su.kar.'yot
mo.ne _o.me ‘mo.ne
ag.'la.im a_.'ya.im rag.'la.im
te.le.'di.da e.'di.da te.le.'viz.ya
a.va.'ti.ax a.ra.'ti.a_ a.va.'ti.ax
pa.'ti _a.'pi pa.'ti
te.re.'zi.za a.ra.'ti.za te.le.'viz.ya
a.si.'son a.ra.'so_ a.fi.'fon
a.ma.'ti.ax _.me.'ti.ax a.va.'ti.ax
mi.xa.'sa.im si._.'sa.i_ mix.na.'sa.im
Tealman & Gillis
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