A importância do uso de materiais de propagação vegetativa

de alta qualidade fitossanitária (livres de vírus): estudos de caso sobre alho, batata e batata-doce

Fernanda Rausch Fernandes

Mirtes Freitas Lima

A importância do uso de materiais de propagação vegetativa de alta qualidade fitossanitária (livres de vírus): estudos de caso sobre alho, batata e batata-doce

Resumo� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ! � � � � � � � � � � � � " � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � " � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � � � � % � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' ( � ) � � � � � � � � � � � * ' ( � ) ( � � � + �� � � � � � ' ( � ) � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �, - . / 0 1 2 3 . 3 4 5 6 - 7 3 8 9 0 : � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

The importance of using plant propagation material of high phytosanitary quality (virus-free): case studies on garlic, Irish-potato and sweet-potato

Abstract; � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � < � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � = � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � > � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � < � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ? � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � < � � � � @ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � < � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �A � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � @ � � � � � � � � � � � � ' � � � � � � � � @� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � @ � � � � � � ) � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � < � � � � � � � � � � � � � @ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � B � � � � � � � � � � @ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � B � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � < � � � � � � $ � � � � � � % � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� < � � � � � � � � � � � � � C � � � � � � � � � � � < � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � @ � � � @� � � � � � � � � � � �D 5 6 - 7 E - . / 1 : ? � � � � � � � � � � = � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� �

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F G H I J K L M L N O P Q R P P S J T UV � W

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F G H I J K L M L N O P Q R P P S J T U

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e h \ ` � c ^ _ [ \ c f Y d c h b c f [ u b e \ c f o y n ] d b ] Z c \ ` s Y e n ` fn c ] d e h c Z ` f [ ] \ ` j ` Z e f b ` j c f Y [ \ ` f ` Z c f f [ n e c \ c c [b Z c b c j ` h b [ Y [ Z j ` e [ \ ` n c d [ Z � b ` Z j [ b ` Z c Y e c � g Y ` d c` � Y [ f e ^ _ [ \ ` c Y ` h c f Y c Z b ` [ ] \ ` b [ \ c c Y d c h b c c \ ` b ` Z qj e h c \ c f b ` j Y ` Z c b ] Z c f ` Y ` Z | [ \ [ f \ ` b ` j Y [ g n [ jZ ` f ] d b c \ [ f f c b e f m c b v Z e [ f � p y � { ¦ Þ y � � « y g ¨ © ©   � o� f ] n ` f f [ \ [ Y Z [ n ` f f [ \ ` d e j Y ` t c n d [ h c d\ ` Y ` h \ ` \ ` f e f b ` j c f ` m e n e ` h b ` f \ ` j ] d b e Y d e n c ^ _ [ \ [j c b ` Z e c d d e l Z ` \ ` m e b [ Y c b v z ` h [ f g r ] ` Z ` f ] d b ` j ` ju c b c b c q f ` j ` h b ` \ ` ` d ` l c \ c r ] c d e \ c \ ` z ` h k b e n c g m e f e [ d v qz e n c ` f c h e b s Z e c g ` ` j r ] c h b e \ c \ ` f ] m e n e ` h b ` Y c Z c c b ` h q\ ` Z � \ ` j c h \ c \ [ j ` Z n c \ [ o } ` z ] h \ [ � ` \ ` e Z [ f � ª     Í � gc ` � e f b ~ h n e c \ ` f e f b ` j c f ` m e n e ` h b ` f \ ` j ] d b e Y d e n c ^ _ [\ [ j c b ` Z e c d \ ` f e h m ` n b c \ [ b c j u k j k e j Y [ Z b c h b ` g Y c Z cr ] ` c \ ` j c h \ c \ [ j ` Z n c \ [ Y [ Z u c b c b c q f ` j ` h b ` \ `r ] c d e \ c \ ` f ] Y ` Z e [ Z \ [ Y [ h b [ \ ` l e f b c z ` h k b e n [ g m e f e [ d v qz e n [ ` f c h e b s Z e [ f ` � c Y d ` h c j ` h b ` f ] Y Z e \ c o � ` j Y Z ` z [\ ` f f c f b k n h e n c f b ` j c � ] \ c \ [ c [ u b ` Z j c b ` Z e c d Y Z [ Y c z c qb e l [ \ ` c d b c r ] c d e \ c \ ` h [ p c | f g [ r ] ` k j ] e b [ l c h b c � [ f [Y c Z c c u c b c b e n ] d b ] Z c h c n e [ h c d o� i Z c f e d c e h \ c k \ ` Y ` h \ ` h b ` \ c e j Y [ Z b c ^ _ [ \ `u c b c b c q f ` j ` h b ` o y e j Y [ Z b c ^ _ [ k m ` e b c Y Z e h n e Y c d j ` h b `\ c Ë [ d c h \ c g \ c } ] k n e c g \ c y d ` j c h a c ` \ [ � c h c \ s g[ h \ ` c f n [ h \ e ^ ¢ ` f n d e j s b e n c f f _ [ u ` j \ e m ` Z ` h b ` f \ c f\ [ i Z c f e d o � f j c b ` Z e c e f f ` d ` n e [ h c \ [ f h _ [ c Y Z ` f ` h b c j gY [ Z k j g u [ c c \ c Y b c ^ _ [ � f n [ h \ e ^ ¢ ` f n d e j s b e n c f \ [i Z c f e d g Y Z e h n e Y c d j ` h b ` h [ f r ] ` f e b [ f Y Z [ \ ] b e l e \ c \ ` `h | l ` d \ ` Z ` f e f b ~ h n e c c \ [ ` h ^ c f r ] ` c m ` b c j c n ] d b ] Z c oé Y [ Z e f f [ r ] ` c f b k n h e n c f \ ` d e j Y ` t c n d [ h c d g j e n Z [ qY Z [ Y c z c ^ _ [ ` j ] d b e Y d e n c ^ _ [ \ ` u c b c b c q f ` j ` h b ` d e l Z `\ ` l | Z ] f f _ [ ` f f ` h n e c e f Y c Z c [ \ ` f ` h l [ d l e j ` h b [ ` c\ e l ] d z c ^ _ [ \ ` n ] d b e l c Z ` f h c n e [ h c e f \ ` u c b c b c o

F G H I J K L M L N O P Q R P P S J T U

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\ e l ` Z f [ f Y ` Z m e f b ` n h [ d v z e n [ f \ ` Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ [ \ ` u c b c b c qq \ [ n ` g l ` Z e m e n c \ [ f h c f s Z ` c f \ ` Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ [ ` h l [ d l e \ c fh [ Y Z [ � ` b [ oConsiderações finaisY d c h b e [ \ ` j c b ` Z e c d Y Z [ Y c z c b e l [ [ Z e ] h \ [ \ c d e j Y ` t cn d [ h c d Y [ Z j ` e [ \ ` n ] d b ] Z c \ ` b ` n e \ [ f j e h e j e t c [` m ` e b [ \ c f Z ` e h m ` n ^ ¢ ` f Y [ Z l | Z ] f g Y Z e h n e Y c d n c ] f c \ c\ ` z ` h ` Z ` f n ~ h n e c \ [ c d a [ g \ c u c b c b c q \ [ n ` ` \ c u c b c b c g` g c [ j ` f j [ b ` j Y [ g k n [ h \ e ^ _ [ ` f f ` h n e c d Y c Z c r ] ` [ fz c h a [ f ` j Y Z [ \ ] b e l e \ c \ ` f ` j c h b ` h a c j g n [ j c Z ` c d e qt c ^ _ [ \ [ f n e n d [ f f ] n ` f f e l [ f h [ n c j Y [ o é Y Z ` n e f [ ` f b c qu ` d ` n ` Z c ^ ¢ ` f n [ h � ] h b c f n [ j [ f \ e m ` Z ` h b ` f c b [ Z ` f \ cn c \ ` e c Y Z [ \ ] b e l c Y c Z c Z ` \ ] t e Z [ f Y Z ` � ] | t [ f Y Z [ l [ n c \ [ fY ` d [ f n [ j Y d ` � [ f l e Z c e f h ` f f c f n ] d b ] Z c f g h c f Z ` z e ¢ ` fY Z [ \ ] b [ Z c f o Ò e h c d j ` h b ` g n c u ` Z ` z e f b Z c Z r ] ` c d e j Y ` t cn d [ h c d k ] j c b ` n h [ d [ z e c r ] ` n [ h b Z e u ] e Y [ f e b e l c ` f e z h e qm e n c b e l c j ` h b ` Y c Z c c [ d ` Z e n ] d b ] Z c g Y [ e f m c n ] d b c c [ m ` Z b c\ ` j ] \ c f n ` Z b e m e n c \ c f ` \ ` ` d ` l c \ [ Y c \ Z _ [ g b c h b [m e b [ f f c h e b s Z e [ r ] c h b [ z ` h k b e n [ g ` ` j r ] c h b e \ c \ ` f ] m e qn e ` h b ` Y c Z c c b ` h \ ` Z � \ ` j c h \ c ` j n ] Z b [ b ` j Y [ o � ` f f cm [ Z j c g b [ Z h [ ] q f ` Y [ f f | l ` d Y Z [ \ ] t e Z g ` j d c Z z c ` f n c d c gY d c h b c f ] h e m [ Z j ` f g l e z [ Z [ f c f ` n [ j c d b [ Y [ b ` h n e c dY Z [ \ ] b e l [ g c [ d [ h z [ \ ` b [ \ [ [ c h [ g ` j n [ h \ e ^ ¢ ` f n [ h qb Z [ d c \ c f ` f ` j c e h m d ] ~ h n e c \ ` \ ` f [ Z \ ` h f \ ` [ Z e z ` ju e v b e n c ` c u e v b e n c g e h n d ] e h \ [ c f l c Z e c ^ ¢ ` f c j u e ` h b c e f oy [ u b ` h ^ _ [ \ ` Y d c h b c f d e l Z ` f \ ` l | Z ] f k ] j c b ` n h [ d [ qz e c f ] f b ` h b s l ` d g Y [ e f c ] b e d e t c ^ _ [ \ ` j c b ` Z e c d Y Z [ Y c z c qb e l [ n [ j ` d ` l c \ [ Y c \ Z _ [ m e b [ f f c h e b s Z e [ ` z ` h k b e n [

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Z ` \ ] t c h ` n ` f f e \ c \ ` \ ` ] f [ \ ` c z Z [ b v � e n [ f c [ d [ h z [\ [ n e n d [ \ c f Y d c h b c f ` j n [ h \ e ^ ¢ ` f \ ` n c j Y [ o y d k j\ e f f [ g Y ` Z j e b ` r ] ` [ c z Z e n ] d b [ Z c \ r ] e Z c g c u c e � [ n ] f b [ gj c b ` Z e c d f c ] \ s l ` d g z c Z c h b e h \ [ c j c h ] b ` h ^ _ [ \ ` Y Z [ q\ ] b e l e \ c \ ` ` ` l e b c h \ [ Y ` Z \ c f \ ` Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ [ o � [ d c u [ Z c gn [ h f ` r ] ` h b ` j ` h b ` g Y c Z c c j c h ] b ` h ^ _ [ \ ` f ] c Z ` h \ cc z Z | n [ d c o{ c e f m c b [ Z ` f f ` Z ` m d ` b ` j Y [ f e b e l c j ` h b ` h c f ] f qb ` h b c u e d e \ c \ ` c z Z | n [ d c g b c h b [ Y ` d [ c f Y ` n b [ f [ n e c dr ] c h b [ Y ` d [ ` n [ h w j e n [ o � [ h n d ] e q f ` g Y [ Z b c h b [ g r ] ` cY ` f r ] e f c u s f e n c ` c Y ` f r ] e f c c z Z [ h w j e n c c Y d e n c \ c cl | Z ] f f _ [ m c b [ Z ` f Y Z ` Y [ h \ ` Z c h b ` f Y c Z c c ` d ` l c ^ _ [ \ [Y c b c j c Z \ c f ] f b ` h b c u e d e \ c \ ` c z Z | n [ d c u Z c f e d ` e Z c o « ` f qf c d b c q f ` g m e h c d j ` h b ` g c e j Y [ Z b � h n e c \ ` e h n ] j u e Z e h f b e qb ] e ^ ¢ ` f Y � u d e n c f \ c b c Z ` m c \ ` Y Z [ \ ] t e Z j c b ` Z e c dY Z [ Y c z c b e l [ d e l Z ` \ ` Y c b v z ` h [ f g Y c Z c [ m ` Z ` n ~ q d [ f c [ fc z Z e n ] d b [ Z ` f oReferências� ( ö $ ÷ ø ù ú C � û � ü � = ü � û û � ? ? C ú C � ý � ü � = ü $ ( � ý C ( % � �; � � � = þ ÿ ÷ C � � � ú � = ; C � � û C � $ C û � � � � = û C � $ C û � � � � ü �û � � � � � � � � � > � � � � � � � ? ' � � � ö � ? ) � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� 4 � . 0 � 4 0 � 0 � 4 � 3 � � - 1 - 3 . � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � �� ö C ( � � � � ? � = � $ $ � � ü � � � ; � � � � � � � � � � � � C � :û $ C ý ÷ ? % ú $ C þ $ û � ý � ø � � � ' $ � � ) � � . 0 6 � 8 9 0 6 - � 3 E 3 E 3 �� û � ÷ C ( � ü � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ; � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �C � � � � � � � ú � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 4 � . 4 0.

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? � û þ $ û � � ü � = û � ü � ÷ � ; � ( � = % $ û ú � ú þ $ ' � ( � =ý $ û ú � ú þ $ ' � � � C � = $ ? % $ ü $ ú þ C � � � � ( � = ; $ û � ( � û � =� � ú ' � ( $ ' � � � = � � û ? C � � þ � = ö � ( þ + ÷ � ÷ � = $ ÷ A $ ö + ' � � � =� � , E 0 2 3 . 3 1 4 E 4 � 3 �� � � � � � � � � � ) � � � $ � � � � � �? û � ÷ ÷ ( C ú � ø � ü � ; ö ( : � � � � � � � � @ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � * / - . 4 � 3 5 - 0 � . 5 3 � � 0 E 3 E 0 � - 1 - 3 . � � � � � $ � � � � � � �� � � �þ � ö C þ ÷ � ú � û � þ � = % � ÿ ÷ $ û � � � ø � = ÷ � A % $ û � � � = % � ÷ ( � û �û � ? � � � � � � ; ö ( � � � � � : < � � � < � B � � � � < � � � � � � � � �* / - . 4 � 3 5 - 0 � . 5 3 � 0 . � 0 E 3 E 0 � - 1 - 3 . � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � �þ ÿ ÷ C � � � ú � = û $ ÷ $ ú þ $ � ý � ö � = � ÿ C þ ÿ ? ? C ý C ( % � � $ � � � =ü $ ( � � & � ý � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � : � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � / 0 . E 4 � � � E � . 3 . 3 1 4 � - 4 . 3 � � � � $ � � � � �� � ÷ � � � � � $ � � � �ý � ø � û þ � � A � ö � ü � = ú C ÷ % C ø C ü � � ü � = � ÿ ÷ � � ø � � � =A � û û $ ÷ � � � ? � = 0 ö C ( � � � � ? � = û $ ÷ $ ú þ $ � û � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � 4 E 0 2 3 E 0 � 0 � 4 3 . 3 1 4 � - 4 . 3 � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � ÷ � � � �� � � �ý � � ÷ A � A � � 0 0 6 3 5 6 * � . 4 � � � E � . - 1 . � 3 5 4 2 3 E 4 0 5 0 . E � -3 5 4 E - 6 4 E 3 E - 1 � � � � þ � � � � � � � � � : � � � � � : � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� < � � � � � 5 � 5 ? � $ � � � � � � � � � : � � � � � �ý $ û ú � ú þ $ ÷ � ý � û � 6 4 / 2 - 2 3 � � 0 5 3 � 6 - � 3 E 3 E 3 # 6 0 � - :� � � � � � � � þ ý : $ � � � � � � % � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' $ � � � � � �% � � � � � � � � ? � � � � � � A � � � � � � ) ) �ý $ û ú � ú þ $ ÷ � ý � û � = þ ÿ ÷ C � � � ú � . 3 1 4 � : � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �þ ý : $ � � � � � � % � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' $ � � � � � � % � � � � � � � �? � � � � � � A � � � � � � � ) �ý $ û ú � ú þ $ ÷ � ý � û � = þ ÿ ÷ C � � � ú � = û $ ÷ $ ú þ $ � ý � ö �6 0 3 � � 0 5 0 . 3 1 4 � : � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

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