ran vulh kawnga vc te mawhphurhna -...

RAN VULH KAWNGA

VC TE

MAWHPHURHNA

ACTIVE PANCHAYAT BOOK - V

SIRD [RAN VULH KAWNGA VC TE MAWHPHURHNA]

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STATE TE HNEN A LEHKHATHAWN

India ram thingtlangah hian ranvulh hi eizawnna pawimawh tak a ni a. Loneih atanga

lakluh a tanpuiin a lo chhawmdawl thin a ni. Ranvulh dan changkang zawk chung chang

leh inhrialhriatna hi hlawk taka ranvulh tur chuan thil pawimawh tak a ni. Hmalakna

hrang hrang, thiamna tih hmasawnna leh inzirtirna huamin, ranvulh tharchhuah,

hlawkna leh ngialnghehna hi kan ti changtlung thei a ni. Mi zawng zawng huap tur te,

sawrkar department atanga tanpuina awm thei dap leh pawl dang atanga tanpuina awm

thei ang ang dap kawngah, tualchhung sawrkar an nih angin Gram Panchayat te tih ve

tur hi a pawimawh em em a ni.

Hlawk zawka ranvulh a nih theih nana Gram Panchayat hnathawktute leh aiawh thlan

lalte kaihruai turin he lehkhabu Animal Husbandry in Gram Panchayat tih hi

buatsaih a ni. He lehkhabu ah hian ranvulh chung changa hriattur pawimawh bulthum

te te leh ranvulh chungchanga ruahhmanna leh a kalpui dan chung chang te ziah a ni.

State Panchayati Raj Department leh State Institute of Rural Development (SIRDs) ten

he lehkhabu hi anmahni tualchhung tawng theuha lo let linga a tul anga siam danglam

ngaite lo siam danglam turin ka chah duh a ni. Chumi hnu ah chuan he lehkhabu

chhunga awmte hi hrilh darhin an thehdarh tur a ni.

Ch. Birender Singh

Minister of Panchayati Raj

Government of India


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BULTANNA

Ranvulh hi thingtlang mite eizawnna bulpui ber a ni a. Ranvulh hian chhungkaw lakluh

mumal tak a siam mai ni lovin chhungkaw rethei leh hausa te tana bungraw hlu tak a

siam sak bawk a ni. Retheihna leh chawtha tlakchhamna hi hlawk taka ranvulh hmang

hian kan hneh thei dawn a ni. Gram Panchayat thawhhlawk tak te chuan ranvulh hi

eizawnna hlawk zawk a chantir turin an mite an tichak thei a ni. Ranvulh dan tih

hmasawn hmang hia Gram Panchayat te hian mipui tan thil ropui tak an tih sak thei

dawn a ni.

Chu rilru pu chung chuan he lehkhabu Animal Husbandry in Gram Panchayats hi

buatsaih a ni. Aiawh thlanlalte leh Gram Panchayat hnathawktute tana hmanraw

tangkai tak a nih ngei beisei a ni. Ramchhunga Gram Panchayat zawng zawngah he

lehkhabu hi hmuh theiha a awm ngei beisei tlat a ni.

Nihal Chand Minister of State for Panchayati Raj

Government of India


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THUHMAHRUAI

Loneih dawtah chuan ranvulh hi thingtlang chhungkua te tana eizawnna pawimawh ber

a ni a. Eizawnna awmze nei a siam sak mai bakah loneih atanga lakluh a chhawmdawl a

ni. Ranvulh atanga a ekchhia kan hmuh leitha te hi lei ti nung tu atana an pawimawh zia

khawvel pumah hriatchhuah thar mek zel a ni a, chumaibakah, ranvulh hi sum harsatna

tawh changte, khawkhen leh thlai chin hlawhchham tumte atana thingtlang chhungkua

te tana in tunnunna hmanraw pawimawh tak a ni bawk a ni. Amaherawhchu, tunlaiah

ranvulh atanga hlawkna hmuh tlahniam leh ran in thlahpung tha thei lo avanga harsatna

kan tawk nasa em em a, ranvulh hi thingtlang chhungkua te tana eizawnna hlawk zawk

ni thei turin kan siam a ngai a ni.

Ranvulh dan ti hmasawn tur leh chawi lar tur hian Gram Panchayat- te hian tualchhung

sawrkar an nih angin hna pawimawh tak an thawk thei a. An khawtlanga harsatna awm

chin fel leh ranvulh leh a kaihhnawih hmalakna chung changa ruahman leh a taka kalpui

kawngah Gram Panchayat-te hian mipui te an huikhawm thei a ni. Panchayat hian

mipuite chu a huho a intel khawma in tichak tawn turin a pui anga, chu chuan ei leh bar

kawnga hmasawnna te, senso tih tlem kawngah leh tharchhuah hralh kawngah

hmasawnna a thlen thei dawn a ni.

He lehkhabu Animal Husbandry in Gram Panchayat, Active Panchayat lehkhabu

chhuak a a pangana hi thlan lalte leh Gram Panchayat hnathawktu te tan liau liau a

buatsaih a ni. He lehkhabu chhuak thin in a tum ber chu thlan lalte leh Gram Panchayat

hnathawk tu te an hriat tur hriattira, tih hmasawn a, tih chak hi a ni. He lehkhabu hi

rawna, an Panchayat member puite leh vantlang inkhawmte a sawi ho thin turin, thlan

lalte leh Gram Panchayat hnathawk tute ka fuih duh a ni.

State Rural Development Department, Panchayati Raj Department leh State Institute of

Rural Development (SIRDs) ten he lehkhabu hi anmahni tualchhung tawng theuh a

letling a siam dang lam ngaite siam danglam turin ka chah duh a ni. Chumi hnu ah chuan

he lehkhabu chhunga awmte hi hrilh darh a, a zau thei angberin an thehdarh tur a ni.

S. M. Vijayanand Secretary Panchayati Raj

Government of India


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CONTENTS

STATE TE HNEN A LEHKHATHAWN ........................................................................................................................ 2

BULTANNA .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3

THUHMAHRUAI ................................................................................................................................................................ 4

CHAPTER-1 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 7

RANVULH LEH DOODHIYA VILLAGE COUNCIL HUAMCHHUNG CHANCHIN.......................................... 7

CHAPTER-2KEY INTERVENTIONS .................................................................................................................. 10

CHAPTER-3NUTRITION MANAGEMENT (FODDER, FEEDS LEH MINERALS) ............................. 14

CHAPTER 4ANIMAL HEALTH CARE ............................................................................................................... 23

CHAPTER-5GENETIC IMPROVEMENT AND REPRODUCTION ............................................................ 27

(Ran chi leh a chithlah tih hmasawn) .................................................................................................................... 27

CHAPTER-6SANITATION, HYGIENE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES ....................................................... 32

(FAINA, THIANGHLIMNA LEH ZOONOTIC NATNA) ....................................................................................... 32

CHAPTER-7BAWNG, LAWI LEH HNUTE TUI NEI CHI VULH ................................................................ 37

CHAPTER 8.GOATS AND SHEEP (KEL LEH BERAM) ............................................................................... 45


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CHAPTER 9..POULTRY (AR VULH) .................................................................................................................. 49

CHAPTER 10PIGGERY (VAWK VULH) ........................................................................................................... 54

CHAPTER 11FISHERY (SANGHA KHAWI).................................................................................................... 57

CHAPTER 12NATIONAL LIVESTOCK MISSION LEH INSURANCE OF LIVESTOCK ...................... 62

CHAPTER 13GRAM PANCHAYAT LEH LIVESTOCK IMPROVEMENT COMMITTEE TIH VE TUR

............................................................................................................................................................................................... 66

CHAPTER 14I TIH VE TUR LEH MAWHPHURHNA .................................................................................. 69

CHAPTER 15.RANVULH CHUNGCHANG A ZAWHNA .............................................................................. 71

LAMTAWI.......................................................................................................................................................................... 75

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................................ 77


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CHAPTER-1

RANVULH LEH DOODHIYA VILLAGE COUNCIL HUAMCHHUNG

CHANCHIN

He lehkhabu chhiartute rilruk dan chuan ranvulh hi mimal eizawnna thil chauh a

ni a, VC-te tan mawhphurhna a awm lo tih a ni mai thei a, hemi zawhna ang hi Doodhiya

VC member thlan tharte hnenah zawh a ni bawk a ni.

January 2009 hnu lam atanga VC member atana thlan tlin an nih hnu in, VCP, VC

member pakua te leh sawrkar hnathawkte chuan GP huamchhung a chhungkaw tin te ei

leh bar hmasawnna tur atan ruahhmanna siam an tum a ni. Chhungkaw tin te eizawnna

ber chu huan thlai siam (agriculture) leh ranvulh (animal husbandry) a ni a,

amaherawhchu thlai leh ran thi tam lutuk thin te hian he eizawnna hi rintlak ah a siam

lo thin a ni. Hemi avang hian chhungkaw tam takin hna zawngin khua an chhuahsan thin

a ni. Kum kalta mai ah pawh chhungkaw 20 te chu hna zawn a ngaih avangin khawpui

ah an inbengbel a ni. Kum nga kalta khan chhungkaw 143 te chu khawpui ah an pem a

ni. Leibatna avanga chhungkaw phurrit chu a lo sang a, lo neihna hmun/ram te chu

hluihlawn niin ran te chu hralh a lo ni ta a ni.

VC member-te chuan hun khirh tak an hmachhawn a ni tih an hria a, Block

Panchayat hmuh leh an puihna ngen an rel ta a ni. An harsatna sukiang tur chuan Block

Panchayat President chuan department hrang hrang a thawktute chu a kokhawm a. Chu

meeting-atang chuan Doodhiya VC-te chuan huan thlai siam leh ranvulh chungchangah

hma an lak a ngaih zia an hrechhuak a ni. Ei leh bar dinhmun siamtha tur chuan hlawk

taka huan/lo siam a ngai a, chumi tihlawhtling tur chuan ran thahnem taka vulh a

mamawh leh bawk a ni. Amaherawhchu Doodhiya GP-ah hian khua a kheng fovin ran

chaw tur thlai hring vang em em chu ruahtui a tlak that lai pawh in an harsatna lian ber

a ni. Zawhna awm thei ta chu: Ranvulh hi eng tin nge eizawnna tlak a kan siam ang a,

ran chaw leh tui te hi hnianghnar takin eng tin nge kan pek theih ang tih hi a ni.

A kar leh ah chuan GP chuan Gram Sabha meeting kovin chu harsatna zirchiang

tur chuan committee an din chawp a. Chu committee ah chuan member 13 an awm a ni.

GP chuan chu committee chu Animal Husbandry Dept staff-te nen tangkawpa ranvulh hi

eizawnna atana hman a harsatna te leh GP-in eng tin nge hma a lak ang tih zirchiang

turin a ngen a. Chu committee-in an hmuhchhuah tak chu chhungkaw lak luh innghahna

ber thin ranvulh chu hun eng emaw ti kalta atang khan a lo hnufum nasa hle a.

Bawnghnute zawrh leh hralh te leh ran hriselna ngaihtuahna lam a tanpuina

awm thin te chu a rintlak loh tual tual a, ran enkawlna man chu a hautak cho zel in chu

chuan ran hriselna kawngah nghawng tha lo tak a ni chho zel a ni. Ran chaw a harsat

avangin chhungkaw harsa deuh te chu kel vulh lam ah an in thlak ta vek a. Mipuite chu

hna thawk tur a an pem nasat em avangin bawng leh lawi vulh pawh a tlahniam nasa em

em a ni.


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Hemi chungchang leh Doodhiya panchayat huamchhunga ranvulh dinhmun te

chu Gram Sabha-ah an pharh a, sawiho a nih hnu ah Gram Sabha chuan GP-ten a hnuaia

tarlan ah te hian a pawimawh dan indawt in hma an la tur a ni tiin thuthlukna an siam ta

a ni.

Dan lo ang a ram luah awm te lak let leh a cheithat hnathawh

Sawrkar hmalakna te chhawrtangkai ve thei tur leh intluktlang taka chhawr

thei tur a hmalak

Ranchaw tha ngaihtuah (fodder, feed supplement and minerals)

Ran hrisel ngaihtuah (hridanna tiamin)

Ranchi tha ngaihtuaha, inthlahpun tam tir

Insurance leh tanpuina awn thei te

Faina, thianghlimna leh nitin a ran fai taka enkawl

Village livestock improvement committee tihchak

Ruahmanna siam leh thawhhona

Bawnghnute leh a kaihhnawih te tihhmasawn

Ran thelret thial te chi vulh, ar vulh leh vawk vulh te tihhmasawn

Gram Sabha thurawn la in Doodhiya GP-te chuan AH dept puihna leh GP

huamchhung a SHG-te puihna in kum 5 hnu ah chuan ranvulh dinhmun chu an siam

danglam hman a ni. Kum 2015 ah chuan chawhrual a nitin bawnghnute 1,200 lts

tharchhuak in ranvulh hmanga sum lakluh hian kumtluana chhungkaw lakluh za a 40

(40%) lai chu a phuhru thei ta a ni. Kum 5 chhung lek hian chhungkaw kumkhat lak luh

chu a let li (4) aia tam in a pung hman a ni. Hetiang ang inthlakthlengna hi GP tin te hian

an thlen ve thei theuh a ni. Amaherawhchu, hetiang danglamna thlen tur hi chuan

ranvulh kawnga harsatna tawh tak hriatchhuah a, chu harsatna sutkian dan tur leh

hmalakna tur ngaihtuah te a pawimawh hle a ni.

Bung dang lo awm leh tur ah hian ranvulh dan hrang hrang leh changkang leh

hlawk zawk a ranvulh a nih theihna atana GP-ten hma an lak theih te kan la zir dawn a

ni. Doodhiya GP-ten hma an lak dan te chu kan entawn chunzawm ang.


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10

CHAPTER-2

KEY INTERVENTIONS

Huan thlai siam ang bawkin ranvulh hian chhungkaw hrang hrang khawsak

phung leh dinhmun inang lo tak tak a huam a. GP-a ranvulh tihmasawn tur chuan

hmunhma leh ran in tha tak neih theihna tura hmalak hi a pawimawh em em a, Hei hian

ran tlakna hmun mumal taka enkawl, ran tana tui in tur thianghlim hnianghnar taka

neih, sum puk tur remchang ngaihtuah, animal husbandry puihna, mithiam rawn tur leh

a zawrhchhuahna remchang ngaihtuah zawng zawng te hi a huam a ni. Hemi tur hian

GP-te chuan hmalak dan tur chu mumal taka ruahman in vantlang huapa intluktlang

taka hmalak a ni ngei dawn a ni tih an chian tur a ni. Hei hian khawtlang mipui zawng

zawng te tel na a mamawh a ni. Tunah chuan GP-ten an tih tur pawimawh tak tak te

hriatthiam i lo tum teh ang.

Ranvulhna atana huapzo ruahmanna: Hmalakna tur hrang hrang te hi GP-te

chuan hmang tangkaitu tur zawng zawng te nen an ruahman tur a ni. Ranchaw

hnianghnar taka awm theihna tur te, ran chi tha zawk an lo neih theihna tur te, hridanna

te, rulhlut hlo pek leh ran hriselna ngaihtuah zawng zawng te hi chungkua zawng zawng

an tel ve a GP in thutlukna a siam te tha taka zawm tlat a nih hian a hlawhtling awlsam

bik em em a ni. Khaw mipuite chu awmze nei taka chawhphur an ni tih chian tur a ni.

Rantlakna hmun enkawl: Phul hmun emaw vantlang ram emaw te hi rantlakna

atana hman thin a ni a. Ramchhung hmun hrang hrang ah te hian vantlang ram te hi nek

chep a ni fova. Chumai bakah heng ram te hi theh thin niin rantlakna hmun hi a zim sawt

thin a ni. GP-te chuan heng ram nek thin te hi ti tawp in rantlakna hmun te chei tha tur

in hma an la thei a ni. Hetiang ang a hmalak dawn hian GP-te hian dodalna nasa tak an

tawk thei a, hmalak a nih hma hian Gram Sabha ah hmalak dan tur te chu sawiho phawt

thin tur a ni.


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MGNREGA leh forest dept hnuaia hmalakna hmangin GP-te chuan ramngaw an

siam thar leh thei ang. A hman tangkaitu zawng zawng te huam tel thei ranchaw

tihhmasawn dan leh mumal taka semchhuah.

Tuihmun enkawl leh tuaihnum: Ranrual te tui hnianghnar taka pek theih lohna

hmun ah hian ran te chuan tui thianghlim lo an in fo thin a, chu chuan hrisellohna leh

inthlahpunna lam a harsatna nasa tak a thlen thin a ni. GP-te chuan tui in na hmun thar

siam bak ah tui tling awm sa enkawl leh tuaihnum turin hma ala thei ang. Chumai bakah

chuan GP-te chuan Gram sabha member-ten tui bawlhhlawh tur ven kawng a an

mawhphurhna hriattir kawngah hma an la thei bawk ang. Pawn a ek leh tui tlinna

chhehvel a bawlhhlawh leh ran thi paih khap te hi GP-te tih theih pawimawh tak a ni.

Thawhhona (Financial institution, Vety Dept leh Milk Cooperatives): GP-ten

an tih theih pawimawh tak mai pakhat chu chhung tin te tana banphak a financial

institutions (bank), animal husbandry dept, milk co-operatives leh training and capacity

building institutions-te hnuhhnaih hi a ni. A chang chuan chhungkaw thenkhat te

bawnghnute tharchhuah chu tualchhung bawnghnute zuarte hnehah man tlawm tak a

hralh lo thei lo in a awm thin a ni. Chutiang bawkin chhungkaw thenkhat te chu hun

harsa an tawh in an ran te chu hralh lo thei lovin an awm thin a ni.

Hun harsa avang leh leiba avang te in chhungkaw tam tak chuan an thil neih te

chu a man to a chhiar thei lovin market rate pangngai aia hniam in an hralh a ngai thin a

ni. Bank leh Co-operative te nen a thlunzawm in heng chhungkua te hi khaichhuak thei a

ni.

Training, capacity building leh awareness generation: Ranvulh a hlawk loh fo

na thin chhan pakhat chu inhrilhhriatna mumal a awm loh thin vang a ni. Chaw tha,

natna laka inven dan, hridanna, chithlah leh ran hriselna atana hmalak dan tlanglawn

chungchang ah inzirtirna a tha tawk lovin hriatthiam an hrefiah tawk lo fo thin a ni.

Puithuna hrang hrang te hian ranvulh chungchang ah nghawng a nei ve bawk thin a, hei

hian eng emaw chang chuan hlohna te thlen in ran hriselna tihniam in nun chan phah na

hial pawh a thlen thei a ni. Chuvang chuan GP-te chuan hriatna ti zau thei turin mumal

taka ruahmanna siam in an bei tur a ni. GP atanga a tuimi ten training an neih theih nan

AH&Vety Dept a biak rawn theih bawk a ni.

Harsatna sutkian........Doodhiyan GP atanga tawnhriatte

Rantlakna hmun nek chep te ti tawp a hmalakna chu nasa taka

dodal a ni a. A tirah chuan rantlak tir dan tur a ruahman ang

chu tumahin an zawm lova. Gram sabha meeting chu koh leh niin

ranvulh tihhmasawnna tur atana hmalak dan tur hrang hrang a

thutlukna chu lungrual taka siam a ni a. Gram Sabha member-te

chuan GP an thlawp zia leh hmalakna ah chuan an tel ve ngei

tur thu an tarlang a. Hmalakna chuan mi zawng zawng a huapin

chhungkaw tin leh a bik takin hmeichhia te tan hlawkthlak a ni

dawn a ni.


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Intluktlanna leh banphak vek na: Hlawhtling taka ranvulh tur chuan GP-in an

hmalakna reng reng te chu intluktlang tak leh mitin banphak in an kalpui tur a ni.

An hmalakna zawng zawng ah khawtlang a mi tupawhin an hlawhpui ngei a ni

tih GP-te chuan an chian tur a ni. Entirnan, GP-te hmalakna hrang hrang heng-

rantlakna tihhmasawn, ran tana tui in na tur siam, hridanna, training leh adt chu

rualkhai takin mitin a thleng theuh tur a ni. In hlat lam emaw chhungkaw

dinhmun leh khawsak phung vang emaw avanga heng financial institution, milk

co-operatives emaw AH &Vety dept te atanga hlawkna awm thei te a dal tur a ni

lo. GP-te chuan AH&Vety kaihhnawih thutlukna leh hmalakna reng reng ah mitin

an tel ngei a ni tih an chian tur a ni.

Hmeichhia te hian nitin a ran enkawlna ah mawhphurna rit tak mai an phur fova.

A nihna tak ah chuan hmeichhe thenkhat te phei chu kel emaw ran dang enkawl

a ngaih thin avangin sikul pawh an kai thei lo thin a ni. Amaherawhchu,

thutlukna siam hun ah te, zawrhchhuah hun ah te leh training hun ah te

hmeichhia te chu ngaihpawimawh an ni leh lo thung si a. Chumi avang chuan

hmalakna tura thutlukna siam ah te, ranvulh chungchanga training leh a

kaihhnawih ah te hmeichhia te an tel ve ngei a ni tih GP-in a chian tur a ni.

Ranvulh kawnga GP-te hmalakna zawng zawng chuan hnam tin te a huam ngei

tur a ni a. Hei hi a pawimawh em em na chhan chu hnam thenkhat chuan ranvulh

bik an nei thin a ni. Chuvang chuan GP-te hian ran hrang hrang heng- bawng, ar,

sangha leh adt te vulh kawng ah a rual a hmalakna an kalpui hi a pawimawh hle a

ni.

Hri len tum a GP-te hmalak dan tur: Hri a len a a taidarh zel hlauhawm thulh ah

leh khuarel chhiatna a awm in GP-te hian mawhphurhna pawimawh tak an nei a.

Hetiang hun ah hian GP-te chuan:

Ran dam lo te chu ran hrisel te lak atangin an dah hrang thin tur a ni

Ui, choak leh adang ten ran ruang chu an ei tur a ni lova, heng hmang te hian

natna a inkaichhawn theih a chuvang chuan ran ruang te chu uluk taka

senghawi thin tur a ni

Ran thi te chu mihring ei tur a siam loh tur a ni

Ran thi tawh te chaw leh buhpawl bang te chu halral thin tur a ni

Rannung natna pu darh chi te chu an ti rem tur a ni

Ward member Ms. Asha Kiran leh GP-a AH&Vety Dept a thawktute tel

na standing committee mi 15 awmna din a ni a. GP-in Ms Asha Kiran

leh Mr. Keshan te Animal Husbandry training tur a an rawt chu Gram

Sabha in a pawmpui a. Training zawh a khua a an rawn let leh hnu

chuan ranvulh chungchang a hriattur pawimawhte chu khawtlang

mipuite an hrilh chhawng a ni. Karkhat a ni bik ruat ni ah chuan

AH&Vety thawktu tel na meeting kovin chhung tin te chu tel tur a

sawm thin an ni. Ngaihdan te thawhkhawm a nih hnu in GP-te chuan

thuthlukna siamin meeting hmasa a thurelte bawhzui that a nih leh


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|henawm GP-ah natna hri a leng a nih chuan hridanna a rang thei ang ber a

ngaihtuah tur a ni

Hri leng awmdan leh a vendan chungchangte chu an thehdarh tur a ni

Standing Committee: A chunga kan tarlan tak te a hma la tur hian GP chuan standing

committee in animal husbandry emaw livestock improvement committee emaw a din

thei ang. State Panchayati Raj Act thuneihna hnuaiah committee chu din tur a ni ang.

Committee-te chu tih tur hrang hrang tuk sak an ni thei ang a. A khat tawk in an

hmalakna te chu GP in a endik thin ang.

Ranvulh hlawkzawk a siam: Tharchhuah tih tam hian hlawkna a ti pung a ni. Chuvang

chuan a hnuaia tarlan te hi an tihlawhtling ngei tur a ni.

Ran note hrisel tha tak piang thei tur a hmalak

Ran note thangduang tak neih

No neih inkar tih tawi

No nei theih hun chhung tih sei

Ran hur lai a vawi tam tak pawl tir lova rai thei tura hmalak

Entirnan: Maharastra a Village Panchayati raj Act, 1958 dan

ang chuan GP chuan Animal Husbandry/Livestock Improvement

Committee a din thei ang. Animal Husbandry/ Livestock

improvement Committee hi Panchayat Committee niin ranvulh

chungchang ngaihtuah bik tu an ni. Committee Member 12-24

awm thei in a tlem ber ah GP aiawh thlan pathum tal, sawrkar

hnathawk leh panchayat atanga volunteer te chu member an ni

thei.


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CHAPTER-3

NUTRITION MANAGEMENT (FODDER, FEEDS LEH MINERALS)

Chaw tha hi ran that leh that loh hriltu pawimawh tak a ni a. Chuvang chuan

ranvulh a hma lak dawn reng reng in chaw tha pek dan tur leh tui thianghlim pek dan

tur ruahmanna fel tak neih thin tur a ni. Chaw tha kham khawp an hmuh hian an

hriselna te a tha in an inthlahpung tha a, a hlawhna pawh a tam sawt thin a ni. Chuvang

chuan awmze nei taka chaw tha pek thin hian hlawkna nasa tak a thlen thei a ni.

GP huamchhung a ran chaw tha ngaihtuahna ruahmanna hian ran chaw bik hnim

hring, ran chaw tha te a huam vek a ni.

Fodder (Hnim hring ran chaw chi)

Buhpawl, mimal ram a phul leh ran tlakna hmun te hi ran tana chaw tha hnar ber

a ni a. Chu mai bak ah chuan khawkhen lai hi chuan ran chaw te hi lei a ngai thin bawk a.

Ran chaw lei hi a hautak em em in khawkhen laia sum indaih loh na te a vangin

chhungkaw tam tak te chu an ranvulh te chu tuithlar lo thei lovin an awm thin a ni.

Chutiang ang a ran vakvai chu khawtlang tan a tha lo mai ni lovin chhungkaw tan hlohna

a tling a ni. Chuvang chuan ran chaw hnianghnar tak a a awm theih na atana ruahmanna

(Khawkhen kum pawhin) pawimawh ber a ni tur a ni. Chutiang chu eng tin nge kan tih

theih ang tih i han thlir ho teh ang.

Hmun enkawl bik neih

Fur lai a thla 3 thla 4 chhung rantlakna hmun hi humhalh a nih chuan hnim te

chu an lo thanglian hman theuh a ni tih hi mi zawng zawng in a n hre theuh a.

Amaherawhchu rantlatna hmun zawng zawng han humhalh tawp chu a harsa a ni mai

thei a, a indawt a enkawl turin hmun thenkhat lai kha rantlatna atana hman rih phawt

mai tur a ni. Rantlatna humhalh atang chuan ran chaw te chu in tinin bituk zat awm in

ran chaw te chu an sat in an la thei dawn a ni.


15

Ran chaw chin chi te

Ran chaw thlai te hi chin chi leh thlai dang peng thenkhat atangte a lak theih a ni

a. A nihna tak ah chuan lo a ranchaw chin hian thlai a rah beiseia kan chin ang bawk

hian hlawkna min pe thei a ni. Ran chaw chin hi a hautak lovin hlawhchham pawh a

hlauhawm loh zawk. Thlai chi hrang hrang chin thin fo ang a thlai rah chauh beisei a

ching lova thlai rah leh ran chaw chang thei tur nghal bawk rilru pu chung a thlai chi

hrang hrang chin (tui lakna remchang leh remchang lovah pawh) hi a tha hle a ni.

Chuvang chuan loneitu in thlai a chin dawn reng reng in a rahchhuah mai bakah ran

chaw atana hman theih bawk tur chi a ngaihtuah tur a ni.

Tuilak remchanna hmun a ranchaw chin

Tuilak remchanna hmun ah chuan ram awmdan a zirin loneitute chuan ran chaw

chi leh thali dang inpawlh emaw ranchaw chi chauh emaw a ching thei ang. Lucern

(RL88) leh Berseem (Vardan, Meskawi, JB-1, BL-1& 10) te hi tui lak tur tha tawk awm na

hmun a thar hlawk thei tak chi te an ni.

Tuilak remchan lohna hmun a ranchaw chin

Tuilak remchan lohna hmun ah te hian thlai rah chi chauh ching lova ranchaw

chin tel thin hi kan uar zel tur a ni a. Heng ranchaw chi; Jowar (Amruta, Malandi-35,

Ruchira, MP Chari, Pro-agrochari, Pusachiri-9), Vaimim (African tall, Manjari composite,

Ganga Safed, Vijay, Ganga-2,5), Oat (Kent, RO-19, JHO-822, Harita, Western-11, HFO-

114, Algerian) leh Bajra (Gaint bajra, Rajco bajra, BAIF Bajra, BJ-104, Shrada) te hi chin

uar tur a ni. Ranchaw chi thing (Subabool emaw Mulberry) te hi kan lo tlang vel ah te

kan ching thin tur a ni. Thinghnah hring te hi ranchaw tan a hman tangkai leh theih zel a

ni. A hnah te chu chan nawi in emaw a par lawh in emaw a hman theih a, a hnah hring hi

mamawh ai tam a awm a nih chuan silage ah pawh a siam theih bawk a ni (A hnu lam ah

kan la sawifiah ang).

Azolla chin

Azolla hi katchat chikhat pat-ek ang tak tui a to thin a ni. Azolla hi tuitling thuk lo

te ah an ching thin a boruak in a zir chuan nasa takin reilo te ah an pung hluai thei ani.

Protein, vitamins leh micro-nutrients hnar tha tak an ni a, ranchaw tha bik siamsa

(concentrate) nen a chawhpawlh in emaw a pek mai theih a ni. Paitawih a awlsam in ar,

kel, beram, vawk leh sazupui te pek chi tak a ni.

A hnuaia tarlan hi tuilak remchan leh remchan lohna hmun a ranchaw chin dan tur a ni

Ranchaw A chin hun Ranchaw chi hrang hrang

A seng hun Tharchhuah theihzat (hectare)

Hunbik nei a rah thin

thlai Jowar

October Amruta, Maldandi-35 60 days 35-40 MT

June-July Ruchira, MP Chari,

Pro-agrochari, 60-70 days

30-40 MT


16

Pusachiri-9 Feb-March SSG-59-3, M-35-1 65-70 days 30-40 MT

Vaimim

Oct-Nov African tall 60 days 65-70 MT June-July Feb-March

Manjari composite, Ganga Safed, Vijay, Ganga-3,5

65 days 40-50 MT

Oat

Oct-Nov Kent, RO-19, JHO-822, Harita, Western-11, HFO-114, Algerian

Seng hmasak ber ni 55 ah, a dawt leh ni 30 ah

45-50 MT

Bajra June-July Gaint bajra, Rajco

bajra, BAIF Bajra, BJ-104, Shrada

65-70 days 30-45 MT Feb-March

Makachari

Kumtluan in TL-1, TO-sint 65-70 days 35-40 MT

Perennial Legume

Lucern Oct-Nov RL-88, Anand- 2, Sirsa-9, AL-3

Thar hmasak ni 55 ah, a dawt ni 30 ah

80-100 MT

Berseem Oct-Nov Vardan, Meskawi, JB-1, BL-1 & 10

Thar hmasak ni 60 ah, a dawt ni 30-35 ah

70-90 MT

Stylo June-July ST-Scabera, Phule Kranti

Kumkhat ah vawihnih lak theih

30 MT

Hun bik nei legume

Cowpea

March-July

UPC-287/5286, EC-4216, CO-1, CS-88, C-14, Shweta, FOS-10

60-80 days

30 MT

Perenniel fodder grasses

Napier

(Elephant grass)

leh Hybrid Napier

June

Yashwant, (RBN-9)

Aug hnu lam ah

Kum khatah 150 MT

June-Aug Feb-March

Jaiwant (RBN-13) Thar hmasak ni 65-70 ah, a dawt chu kar 6 hnu ah zel

Kum khat ah 175 MT

Kumtluan in DHN-6, CO-4 Thar hmasak ni 70-75 ah, a dawt chu kar 7 hnu zel ah

Para-grass

June-July - 75-90 days 175 MT

Marvel June-July Marvel-7,8,93 or 40 90 days 25-30 MT

Azolla chu eng tin nge kan chin ang?

Step 1: A hmun tur chu fai taka thlawh a, 2mts x 2mts a thuk leh lian khur laih emaw

chumi tiah tho leirawhchan a rem theih bawk a ni.

Step 2: Khur laih/rem chhung tha taka khuh tawk turin UV stabilised Silpauline 2mts x

2 mts a hlai phah tur a ni.

Step 3: Silpauline chungah chuan lei hrik sa rual takin kan phah ang a, tui 10 lts a

bawng-ek kg 2 leh super phosphate 30 gms chawhpawlh chu kan chhung lut ang. 10cms

a thuk a nih thleng in tui kan chhunglut ang.


17

Step 4: Dim taka chawhpawlh hnuah 0.5-1kg azolla siamsa chu kan dah lut ang a

rualkhai takin kan chawkdarh tur a ni. Azolla te chu ngil taka an awm theih nan kan

chawhdarh hnuah tuithianghlim in kan phuh seng seng tur a ni.

Step 5: Karkhat hnuah chuan azolla te chu a kuangah chuan lo khat vek in chhuatphah

ang mai in an lo awm tawh dawn a ni. An punchak theihna atan leh nitin a 500gms a tal

a thar reng theihna turin ni 5 dan ah vawikhat tal superphosphate 20gms leh bawng-ek

1kg chawhpawlh kan leihlut thin tur a ni. Micro-nutrients chawhpawlh; magnesium,

copper, iron, sulphur leh adt chu azolla mineral pai tipung turin karkhat danah kan

pawlh ve thin tur a ni.

Step 6: A kuang chhung a nitogen insiam tur ven nan ni 10 day zel ah tui za 25 atanga

30 te chu tui thar lam a thlak ziah tur a ni.

Step 7: Nitrogen insiam tur ven nan leh micro-nutrient tlakchham awm thei te ven nan

ni 30 emaw thla 1 danah kuang chhung a lei awm kha lei tharlam a thlak thin tur a ni.

A kuang kha tih fai thin tur a ni a, tui leh lei pawh a thar a thlak a azolla chi thar

pawh thla 6 dan ah dah thin tur a ni. A kuang kha rannung leh natna in a bawh a nih

chuan a kuang thar siam a azolla chi thar hman zel tur a ni.

Eng tin nge Azolla chu kan seng ang?

Azolla hi a thangchak in ni 10-15 chhung lekin a kuang hi a khat hman thin a,

chumi atang chuan nitin azolla 500 - 600gms hi a thar theih a ni.

Plastic chhihri emaw thleng a mawng a pawp awm hmang in azolla te hi ni 15-na

atangin a seng theih tan a ni

Azolla seng tawh te hi bawngek rim a nam loh nan tui thianghlim a uluk taka sil

thin tur a ni

Feed (Ran chaw)

Bazar atanga lei lovin ranchaw kan chhenvel a kan hmuh mai theih atang hian

ran chaw tha hi kan siam ve thei reng a. Hei hian kan ran te chuan ran chaw tha


18

keimahni siam ngei hnianghnar taka an ei theih na turin nasa takin a pui dawn a ni.

Ranchaw hnim hring, hnim ro leh siamchaw ranchaw tha te hian ranrual, bawngpui

hnute sawr lai leh Lawipui ten mineral an mamawh hi a phuhruk a ni. Ranchaw te tichak

leh zual tur hian silage siamin emaw sawngbawl danglam emaw theih a ni.

Silage

Silage hi ranchaw hring dah that dan changkang tak a ni a. Ranchaw hring boruak

lut thei lova a chawtha te bo si lova kan dahtthat na dan hi Silage chu a ni. |hal lai a

ranchaw hring vang lutuk vanga harsatna tawh sutkian nan he method hi a tangkai hle a

ni. Hetianga kan tih hian ran tan protein, carbohydrates, vitamins leh minerals te

hnianghnar takin kan pe thei dawn a ni.

Silage hi protein (16.87%) leh carbohydrates (6.96%) hnar tha tak a ni a, chuvang

chuan thal lai pawhin ranchaw tha mamawh te silage hmang hian hnianghnar takin kan

phuhruk thei dawn ani,

Silage hi silage bag (500kg) emaw khur hmangin emaw 36 metric tons lai kan siam thei

a ni. Theirah hmin ang mai in a tui a ran te hian an duh em em a ni. Culture kan hmang a

nih chuan silage hi ni 21 chhung lekin a siam theih a . Kum 1-2 lai pawh a dahthat theih

a ni. Thlai hring chi hrang hrang heng Vaimim, Sorghum, Bajra, Oats, Gram, Bekang,

Lucern, Berseem leh phul lampang chi atang te hian silage hi a siam theih a ni.

A hnuaia tarlan ang hian silage hi a siam theih a ni:

Step1: Silage khur/ip te chu a fai ngei a ni tih chian tur a ni a, kan thlai hman tur te chu a

par lai a sah tur a ni a 2-2.5 inches a sei in chansawm tur a ni

Step 2: Culture siam sa emaw molasses (1 kg of salt for 1 metric ton of fodder, 2kgs of

mineral mixture, 10 kgs molasses)

Step 3: Hnim chansawm te chu ft emaw 1ft emaw a chhah in chherchhuan tur a ni a, a

chherchhuan inkarah chuan biological culture kha dah zel tur a ni

Step 4: Thuah tin te chu uluk taka nem bek tur a ni a, a inkar ah boruak a awm tur a ni

lo. Inkar awl awm miah lovin sahar a tuam phui tlat tur a ni.

Step 5: Silage-te chu mamawh dan ang zel in lak chhuah theih a ni a, polythene-te chu

mamawh dan ang zel a hawn a fel taka tihphui leh zel tur a ni.


19

Silage siamna atan hian tanpuina an pekchhuah thin leh thin loh chungchang ah

AH&Vety Dept-te GP-in an dawr thei ang

Fortification of fodder (Ranchaw tha zawk siam)

Hnim te hi tlem a sawngbawl (fortification) hmangin ranchaw tha ah kan chhuah

thei a ni.

Hmanraw ngai te:

100kgs hnim (wheat straw, bajra residue, dried tops of sugarcane, rice straw, tur

and gram crop residue and husk mixed in proportion)

100kg hnim ah hian urea kg 2, salt crystal 1kg, mineral mixture 1kg leh tui 40-50

lts

Tui pekna, 15lts bucket, 50lts bawm, 20x20ft polythene than leh a

chawhpawlhna tur thing

A tih dan:

Step 1: Polythene than ah chuan hnim 100kgs chansawm chu hmun 3-4 ah inzat

theuhin then hran tur

Step 2: Tui 50lts ah urea 2kg leh chi 1kg chawhpawlh tur


20

Step3: 6inches a chhah in hnim chansawm te chu tihpharh tur. Nem muk hnuah

tuichawlhpawlh 15lts chuan hneh taka leih tur a ni

Step4: Chumi chungah chuan hnim chansawm te chu kan phah leh ang a, kan tui

chawhpawlh 15lts leih leh a minerals mixture 1kf pawlh hnuah nem muk leh vek tur a

ni

Step 5: A thuahthumna leh li na pawh a tih dan ngai bawka tih leh tur a ni. Hneh taka

chawhpawlh tur a ni

Step 6: Polythene than kil li te chu boruak lut thei lova suihzawm a uluk taka tuam tur a

ni a, thil rit a delh beh tur a ni

Step 7: Ni 21 hnuah chuan ranchaw te chu a ei theihin a inpeih a ni

A chunga kan tarlan tak tih dan khian ranchaw protein pai te a tipung a ni.

Ranchaw sawngbawl tawh pek laia hriattur te

Ranchaw sawngbawl tawh kan hman hian a hnuaia mi te hi kan hre reng tur a ni:

Sl.no Tih tur Tih loh tur 1 Tlem deuh hlek a pek tan tur a ni

(Eg: 200gm vel lekin) Ran no thla 4 ai naupang hnenah pek loh tur

2 2kgs thlengin tipung chho hret la Sawngbawlna ah hian bekang kuangbang telh loh tur a ni

3 Ran pek hma in ranchaw te chu chawkdarh phawt thin la chu chuan urea rim na tak te kha a ti reh ang

Tualchher sawngbawl dan

Ranchaw man tihniam tur hian mahni in theuhvah concentrate mixture hi a siam

theih a. Chutiang siamna atana kan mamawh te chu a hnuaiah hian tarlan a ni

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 A A fang rawtsawm

(Vaimim, bajra, wheat, jowar)

25% Vaimim rawtsawm 30%

Cottonseed cake 12%

B Brans (Wheat, jowar, bajra)

15% Groundnut cake

20% Tur chuni

30%

C Pulses rawt sawm(Urat, tur, gram, green gram)

12% Wheat bran 25%

Wheat bran 25%

D Cakes (Groundnut, cottonseed, soyabean,

25% Tur chuni

22% Maize glutane 10%


21

coconut) E Oily cakes

(Soyabean, sunflower)

20% Mineral mixture 1.5%

Crushed wheat 20%

F Mineral mixture (High quality)

1.5% Salt

1.5% Mineral mixture

1.5%

G Salt 1.5% Salt 1.5%

Heng te hi hriatreng a pawimawh:

Ranchaw hnim hring, hnim ro leh siamchawp ranchaw tha te hian ran tan a

chawtha minerals an pai a ni

Phosphorous leh calcium te hi bawng/ lawi hnute sawr lai te hian hnianghnar

takin an mamawh a ni

30-35 grams mineral mixture nitin pek thin tur a ni

Minerals tlakchham hian heng hur tlai, hur nat loh, hun zin lutuk, nauchhiat,

chin, natna do letna chaklo, ruh insiam mumal lo leh milk fever te a thlen a ni

Bawng chu fu tam lutuk pek an nih chuan fu a oxalate awm thahnem tak leh

calcium te chu an inthlunzawm thin a. Hemi avang hian taksa mamawh calcium

pek tur chu dang in chuchuan chi thlah lama harsatna heng- chhul bang nem leh

hur lai a bawlhhlawh fim chhuak te a thlen thin a ni

Minerals leh Vitamins tlakchham in a thlen theih te:

Hnute tui tlem

Bawnghnute a awm thau (fat) leh thau ni lo sakhat (SNF) tlahniam

Natna do let theihna tlahniam

Hur nawn sek emaw chin na emaw

Natna kai awlsam

Inenkawlna senso sang

Tui

Tui in hi chawtha peng khat a ni a. Ran in a mamawh tawk tui a in lo a nih chuan

an chaw paitawih theihna tur atana an taksa hnathawh thin kha a chawl thin a, hei hi

taksa tan a hrisel lo hle a ni. Ran puitling tawh hian nikhat ah tui 30-40 lts a mamawh a,

ran hnute tui sawr lai ah chuan an tui mamawh zat hi bawnghnute 1 lt ah tui 5lts zel in a

san belh a ni. Ran thelret thial te chi (Small ruminants) erawh chuan chawhrualin nitin

tui 5 lts an mamawh a ni.


22

Doodhiya atanga zirtur..........chindan thar rang taka pawm theihna

tur atana tihdan

Ms. Asha Kiran leh Mr. Kishen te chuan khaw mite hnenah an thil

hriat te hrilhchhawng in a tak ngei in ranchaw siam dan an kawhhmuh

a. Hemi atan hian GP chuan hmanraw ngai heng- hnim hring, tui,

bucket, urea, hmanraw thenkhat, polythene than, buhfang tihsawm,

groundnut cakes leh thil dahna bawm an la khawm a. Mipuite chu chaw

tha tlakchham in an ran a nghawng dan hrilhfiah an ni. Mr. Kishen

leh Ms. Asha Kiran ten tihdan an kawhhmuh chu awlsam taka khawtual

a tih ve theih mai leh hmanraw man to lo tak tak te an ni hlawm a,

a tih dan phung an han thiam tak hnuah chuan ward member

thlanchhuah zawng zawng te chuan silage siamtur leh tualchher

chawtha siam tur chuan lungrual takin thu an ti tlu ta a ni. Member

zinga pahnih te chuan Azolla ching turin thutlukna an siam bawk a

ni. Anmahni ward theuh a tihdan chu inzirtir chhawng a thehdarh

turin thu an tiam nghe nghe bawk a ni.


23

CHAPTER 4

ANIMAL HEALTH CARE

Ran hriselna hi ranvulh kawngah chuan a pawimawh em em a. Ran hriselna

ngaihthat na hian heng chi thlah that theih loh na, piansualna leh thihna te thlen in chu

chuan ranvulhtu te tan hlohna nasa tak a thlen bawk thin a ni. Chuvang chuan,

ranvulhtu ten hridanna leh rulhut hlo te a hun tak a pek thin tur a ni. Hei bakah hian

ranvulhte an damlo nia hriat a nih chuan vety doctor rawn vat thin tur a ni.

Eng tin nge ran damlo te chu kan hriat theih ang?

Ran te hi tawng thei lo mahse an nihna te an phochhuak ve thei thova. A hun taka

enkawl loh hian hlohna nasa taka thlen mai bakah thihna hial pawh a thlen thei a,

chuvang chuan an nunchang atangin an natna te hriatchhuah vat a pawimawh hle a ni.

Natna kaichhawn theih leh Rulhut avanga natna:

Natna inkaichhawn theih len vang leh rulhut te hi ran thihna thlentu nasa ber ber

pahnih te an ni a. Natna inkaichhawn te hi kum tin hunbi nei in a leng thin a ni. Hei hi

hridanna hmangin a ven theih a ni. Tunah chuan natna inkaichhawn theih tam zawk te

ven nan hian hridanna a awm tawh a ni.

Rulhut vanga natna hi kum tluan a harsatna thlentu pakhat a ni a, he natna hi

rulhut hlo hmangin a ven theih a ni. Rulhlut te chu thisen, ril, thin, pumpui, chuap leh

vun ah te an awm thin a ni. Hei hian ran atanga hlawhna hmuh tur nasa takin a tihniam

thei a ni. Ranvulhtu tin ten rulhut hlo hmangin an ran te chu vety doctor thurawn la

chungin an enkawl uluk hle tur a ni. An awmna hmun a zirin rulhut hlo hrang hrang

siamchhuah a ni.

Ran hrisel leh hrisel lo te hriat theih dan:


24

Ran hrisel Ran hrisel lo

Thothang tha, chaw leh tui ei/in tha, chaw paitawih tha leh ran dang bula awm nuam ti

Lu tun tha, beng tun leh beng che tha Vun nung, hmul tle tha. A vun khawih a che

(Vibrate). A vun te rannungin an seh loh nana a mei vai reng peih

Ke pali hmanga ngil taka ding, tha taka kal theih leh harsatna nei miah lova thu leh ding

A ek chu tui lutuk lo khal lutuk lo a ni tur a ni a, beram leh kel ek te chu a mum tha tur a ni a, a zun pawh a eng dal riai a ni tur a ni

A mit te chu a fiah tha in a hnar hmawr te chu a dai in a hnum hlap tur a ni a. A taksa atangin tui hnang awmze nei lo a chhuak tur a ni lo

Ran hnute sawr lai te chuan hnute tui tha leh duhthusam a tam an nei tur a ni

A thaw, taksa lum dan leh lungphu/marphu te chu a pangngai tur a ni

A hnung lam atanga thlir a nih in- mei kang tha, pum khat tha, hnutebu nem leh serh a bawlhhlawh chhuak lo a ni tur a ni

Ran dang laka atanga inla hrang

Ding leh thu chhen, dul pet thin, mei kan, a lu a chawkuang emaw thingkung emaw bang ah emaw nawr thin. Hei hi ran awm nuamlo landan a ni

Ran kethluang duai a mu thin, thawh tum lo, din pawh a ke pen tum lo. Aw rawl chhuah zawi/chau tak

Ke pakhat khai chunga ding leh taksa ti eu tlat

Chaw paitawih thei lo emaw paitawih muang

Thawk dan mumal lo- ran lutuk emaw muang lutuk emaw

Ek khal lutuk emaw tui lutuk emaw

Mit berh, chil thli ngah leh serh atanga bawlhhlawh chhuak

A chung a tarlan ang hrisel lo nunphung pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw ran in a

lantir a nih chuan, ran chu a hrisel lo emaw a damlo emaw tih na a ni a, Vety doctor

rawn vat tur a ni. Hridanna leh rulhut hlo pek hi ran hriselna atan a pawimawh tak a ni.

Hridanna leh Rulhut hlo pek chungchang a hriattur pawimawh te:

Hun bi ang thlap in hridanna pek thin tur a ni

Hridanna pek hma karkhat tal ah ran te chu rulhut hlo a ei chi emaw a kah chi

emaw pek tur a ni. Hei hian an natna do let theih na a tichak dawn a ni

Ran zawng zawng (A te emaw a lian emaw a hrisel emaw a chak lo emaw)

hridanna a rual in pek vek tur a ni

Hridanna pek thin zawng zawng te chu chhinchhiah vek tur a ni a, damdawi

hming, eng hri ber danna nge, a siamtu company, siam kum leh a thih kum te

chhinchhiah vek tur a ni

Chaw eitui lo, khawsik leh hnutetui tlem te hi hridanna pek hnu a thil awm

thei a ni a, Heng te hi natna ni lo awm ve thin niin enkawl a ngai lem lo a ni

Hridanna pek a nih hnu in ran te chu hah taka siam loh tur a ni a, chaw tha

taka pek a hahchawlh tir tur a ni

Hridanna pek hma chu a dahthatna hmun vawt chu khawih danglam loh tur a

ni


25

Rulhut hlo leh hridanna a hun taka pek hian hlohna nasa tak a pumpelh thei a.

Amaherawhchu, ran damlo te chu a hun taka enkawlna pek vat hi a pawimawh hle a ni

tih kan hre reng tur a ni.

Huapzau taka hridanna pek leh mipui zirtir kawnga hmalak tum a nih chuan

Animal Husbandry/Livestock Standing Committee leh AH&Vety Dept tangkawp ten

mawhphurhna pawimawh tak an nei a ni.

Hridanna pek dan tur:

Natna Hridanna pek tur ran Hridanna pek hun tur Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS)

Bawng, Lawi, Kel, Beram

Kumtin fur hma in

Black Quarters (BQ) Bawng, Lawi, Kel, Beram

Kumtin fur hma in

Anthrax Bawng, Lawi, Kel, Beram

A hri a len chauh in

Enterotoxemia Kel, Beram Kumtin fur hma in PPR (Peste des petits ruminants)

Kel, Beram Fur hma in

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)

Bawng, Lawi, Kel, Beram

Bawng note ah chuan dose khatna- thla 3 hnu ah, booster dose- thla 6 hnu ah

Eng tin nge kan ran te hrisel taka kan enkawl

theih ang?

Fai leh thianghlim taka enkawl

Ran chaw hnim, a hring leh ro chi hnianghnar

taka pek

Ran chaw tha bik leh micro-nutrients te pek

Ran chaw hnim hrisel pek (pawlh bawlhhlawh

emaw a hmuar emaw a ni tur a ni lo)

Tuithianghlim leh intlak pek

A hun taka hridanna leh rulhut hlo pek

An mamawh dan a zira a hun taka enkawl leh

Doodhiya zirchhuah..........hriselna chu hausakna!

Doodhiya GP mipuite chuan ran hrisel hian ranvulhna kawngah nasa takin

hlawhna a thlen a ni tih an zirchhuak a. Hemi atan hian tui thianghlim

intur leh ran in fai taka enkawl hi a pawimawh a ni tih an zirchhuak a,

Gram Sabha ah chuan khawchhung a ran zawng zawng te chu a hun takah

hridanna leh rulhut hlo pek vek tur tiin thutlukna an siam ta a ni. GP-

te chuan Livestock improvement committee chu ran chhiarpui nei tur a

ngen in hridanna leh rulhlo hlo pek na atana an mamawh te chu department

ah thlen turin a ngen bawk a ni. He hmalakna te tham tak avangin

chawplehchilh in ran damloh na leh thihna te chu a kiam a ni. Chaw tha

pek hian ran atanga hlawkna nasa tak a thlen a ni tih an hmuchhuak bawk


26

Thlahpawlh (cross breed) bawng te chu thla dan ah, tual bawng puitling (indigenous adults)- kumkhat ah vawikhat

Swine Fever Vawk Kumkhat ah vawikhat


27

CHAPTER-5

GENETIC IMPROVEMENT AND REPRODUCTION

(Ran chi leh a chithlah tih hmasawn)

Ran no hring tha thei lo awm thin hian ranvulh lama hlawkna awm hei tur te

nasa takin a tihniam thin a. Kan ram ah hian a hlawk theih dan tur ngaihtuah hian kan

hlawkna hi a tlem em em si a ni. He kan harsatna tawh thin hi uluk taka enkawl, chaw

tha leh a chi thlah tih hmasawn hmang te hian kan sukiang thei dawn a ni.

Ran ching hi taksa lampang a harsatna hrang hrang heng; hur tlai, hur mumal lo,

a ruka hur, no pai puitling lo, no chhiat, hur zing tak, no neih hnua hur leh thei lo vang te

a ni thei. Ran pawh hi chaw tha tlakchham avangte in an ching thei thin bawk a ni.

Ranvulh a hlawk loh chhan awm thei hrang hrang te chu thil chikhat emaw a aia tam

emaw a ni thei a pawl tir dan dik lo, hun bi pawimawh bik lai (a thanlai, rai lai, hnute

sawr lai, no neih zawh, a no lak hran zawh leh a hur leh hma inkar) te a chaw tha

tlakchham, an hriselna ngaihthah (hridanna leh rulhut hlo pek) leh enkawl dan mumal

lo vang te in.

National Livestock Policy, 2013

Bawng leh lawi te chi thlah kawng ah National Livestock, 2013 chuan a hnuaia mi

te hi a thlurbing a:

Inthlah pung tur te, humhalhna atan leh a chi tih thah leh zual atan a tual thlah

chi tha bik hmuhchhuah. Anmahni thlah kal zel ah ran chi hrang tel tir ve

pumpelh hram hram tur a ni.


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Maharastra state policy chuan bawng tharchhuah

te tipung turin a chithlah tihhmasawn lam a

ngaipawimawh a, chutih rualin tual thlah chi

vawnhim reng leh ran chi tha tak neih theihna

atan hmalak a thulh chuang lova. Bawnghnute

hnianghnar taka tharchhuah a nih theihna atan

a an thil tum chu ran chi tihhmasawn leh

tihhmasawn loh inthlauhna tun dinhmun (2009)

za a 37 atanga kum 2007 a za a 60 a punchhoh

tir leh 2025-a za a 80 a punchhoh tir.

Hmun remchang, ran chaw hnianghnar taka awm theihna leh hralhchhuahna

hmun atana remchang tak a vulh atan ran chi tha lo leh chu hmun ngeih tak ran

chi tah te inthlahpawlh tir

Tual thlah chi tha bik te hmang ran hriatchian lo leh chi tha te tihhmasawn a, tual

thalh hriatchian te inthlahchhawn dan chhuizui chin inzirtir thin ni se.

Bawng leh lawi tual thlah tha a awm theihna atana ran thlanchhuah bik te

inthlahchhawn tir

Lawi chi tha lo te hnute tui tam chi te nen a inthlahpawlh tir a tihhmasawn

A remchan dan ang zel a tual thlah tha chi lawi leh lawi chi hriatchian loh

inthlahpawlh tir

A pa chi thlah tur ran chi tha vulh thin tihhmasawnna atana sum, thiamna leh

pawlho tanpuina awm thei te ngaihtuah

State Policy:

Ran rual te tihmasawn tur hian state-tin te hian hmalakna an nei theuh a. GP-te

chuan chu hmalakna chu hmang tangkai ve in a theih phei chuan AH&Vety dept official-

te sawipui thin ni se.

Ran rual hrang hrang

te tana Maharastra

State-in hmalakna a

neih te sawiho ila.

Ran inthlahpawlh

khuahkhirh

Bawng leh lawi chi hriatchian loh leh chi tha lo tam tak awm thin avanga

harsatna hi GP-te hmachhawn tur langsar tak a ni a. Chi tha lo awm thin na chhan ber

pakhat chu a remchang apiang thlah tir chin hi a ni. A leh lam ah chuan tual thlah chi tha

bik te hi an mang mai a hlauhawm hle a, chutih mek laiin ran thalh pawlh loh (pure

breed) te chu dik lo taka thlahpawlh tir an ni bawk a. Heng zawng zawng te a vang hian

a hlawkna te pawh a tlahniam nasa em em a ni. Chuvang chuan a hnuaia inkaihhruaina

ang hian GP-te chuan ran inthlahchhawn tir hunbi inkaihhruaina an siam thei ang:

Bawng leh Lawi chi hriatchianna tur chuan a dang nen a thlahpawlh tir loh a

ngai. Bawng leh lawi chi tha bing (pure breed) te chu ran chi da zat nen

inthlahpawlh tir loh tur a ni

Bawng chi hriatchian loh zawng zawng te tan chuan inthlahpawlh hi thil tih chi

tak a ni a. Tui lak theihna hmun a thlai chinna hmun ah leh hnim hring tam tawk

awm na hmun ah chuan Holstein Frisian nen a ran chi hriat chian loh zawng te

inthlahpawlhtir thin tur a ni. Chutih laiin ruahtui chawm hmun leh ran chaw


29

hring van na hmun ah chuan ran chi hriat loh chu Jersey breed nen inthlahpawlh

tir thin tur a ni

Bawng thlah pawlh te chu bawng pa chi ( A thisen a za a 70-75 inkar tal bawng

chi tha thisen pai) nen inthlahpawlh tir

Tualchhung a Lawi chi hraitchian te hmang Lawi chi hriatchian loh te chu

tihhmasawn tur a ni

Ran neitu leh ran kap rai thin vety lam mi ten dik taka an chhinchhiah hma chuan

eng tiang hmang pawh in inthlahpawlhtir loh tur a ni

(A) Ran kah rai (Artificial Insemination) productivity

Thingtlang dinhmun a ran tharchhuah a tlem na chhan ber chu a chi tha lo a tam

vang a ni. Ran inthlah tur te uluk taka kan vilzui hian he harsatna hi kan sukiang thei a ni.

Hemi sutkian hna hi AI hmangin kan ti thei dawn a ni. He chin dan hi chhungkaw tin te tan

pawh a thil awlsam leh hlawkthlak tak a ni.

Artificial Insemination (AI) hian abik takin bawng chi tihhmasawn kawngah

awmze nei leh hlawkzawh in a pui a ni. AI hi ran chi tihmasawnna atan a bawngpa chi

tha tlakchhamna hmun kan ram ang ah hian a tangkai em em a ni. A pa chi lakchhuah a

chumi chu a nu chhul kawng a thun luh hi AI tih dan chu a ni.

Hnute tui pechhuak chi ranvulh chi inthlahchhawn na kawngah hian AI hian that

bikna tam tak a nei a, chungte chu:

1. AI vang hian bawngpa pakhat chi atangin a no tam tak a siamchhuah theih a

ni

2. AI hian natna inkaichhawntheih ven kawngah nasa takin a tanpui

3. AI hian a chi tihmasawn kawngah nasa takin a pui

4. Ran pumrua inang lo tak tak te inpawl tir dawn a harsatna awm te a sukiang

5. AI hmang hian ran pawl tir hman in a chi tha leh tha lo te awlsam takin kan

thliar hrang thei a ni

6. A pa tha tak hmuh tur awm loh avanga harsatna awm thin te a sukiang

7. A pa chi tha bik hi hlawk leh zual zawk in a chhawr theih phah a ni

8. A pa vulh na atan a sum senso ngai a awm lo

(B) State breeding policy inhrilhhriat leh bawhzui chungchang

Ran inthlahchhawn chungchang ranvulhtu in a hriat hi danglamna thlen tur a

tana pawimawh tak a ni a. Chumi tihlawhtling tur chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian GP

member te chu a huhovin an thawk tur a ni

India bawng/lawi/beram/kel nu te chu an chi tihmasawn turin an chipui chi

tha zawk nei a pa in a thlah tur a ni

Chi hriatchian loh te chu Indian breed a pa chi tha emaw thlahpawlh loh chi

bing pa in emaw a thlah tur a ni


30

Lawi chi hriatchian loh te chu Indian breed lawi heng Murrah, Nili Ravi, Surati

emaw Pandharpuri te nen thlahpawlh tur a ni

Thlah pawlh loh chibing vulh tur te chu sik leh sa dinhmun leh a vulhtu tur

dinhmun a zirin thlan tur a ni. Entirnan, Holstein vulh tur chuan

tuihnianghnar tawk awmna hmun leh a vulhtu chu sum leh pai harsa lo a ni

tur a ni. Chutih lai in Jersey te erawh chu hmun harsa hnim hring tlemna

hmun leh a vulhtu pawh khawsak harsa deuh tan thlan tur a ni.

State breeding policy zulzui hian GP chuan ran chi tihhmasawn a nih theih nan

Livestock improvement committee te chu kumkhat atana an hnathawh dan tur

ruahhmanna chipchiar tak siam turin a ruat thei ang.

Bawng/Lawi/Kel/Beram-te inthlahchhawn tir dan tur Kalendar

Inthlahchhawnna atana tehfung

Bawng Lawi Kel Beram

Descript Exotic Crossbred Local Descript A no piang zat 01 01 01 01 01 03-04 02 Pian hlim a rih

zawng (kg) 20 28 24 32 22 1-5 1-5

A hur hmasak ber a a kum zat

(months) 15 09 12 18 24 09 12

A hur hmasak ber a a rihzawng

(kg) 250 250 250 275 275 20 20

No a neih leh a neih leh inkar

(months) 12 12 12 14 14 08 08

A damchhung a no neih zat

16 18 18 15 13 12 12

No a neih hnu a a hur leh hun

(days) 60 60 60 90 90 30 30

Thlah tir hun chhung

Kumtluan in Feb-Jul

No neih hun chhung

Kumtluan in Aug-sept Jan-June

Rai chhung (days)

275 275 275 310 310 150 150

Hlawhtling taka no neih hian a huam chu.....

Pangai leh tluang taka no neih

No piang hlim rit tha nelh nawlh

No neih hnu a harsatna awm lo leh chaw paitawih lam a harsatna awm lo

No neih hnu a a hun pangai a hur leh

Hnute tui hma taka ngah

No neih hnu a taksa rih zawng pangai rang taka neih let leh


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No neih hnu a taksa chak tak neih leh

Hlen ngei tum a ran chi tihhmasawn............

Ran chi tihhmasawn pawimawhna leh tul zia Doodhiya GP-

ten an han hriatthiam meuh chuan an hun chhung a ral

hma ngei a ran rual awm zawng zawng zing a za a sawmruk

(60%) tal a chi tihhmasawn tum in thutlukna an siam ta

a. Hemi atan hian GP-te chuan ran rual chi hrang hrang

te atana state in policy a neih te chu an zawm theuh a.

Gram Sabha chuan mitin in an zawm tur bituk siam bakah

GP-te chuan AH&Vety Dept nena thawhhona awm thei ang

ang leh tanpuina awm thei te hmang tangkai thei turin

hma an la bawk a ni


32

CHAPTER-6

SANITATION, HYGIENE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES

(FAINA, THIANGHLIMNA LEH ZOONOTIC NATNA)

Ranvulh te hriselna leh hlawkna hi ran rual te kan enkawl dan ah hian a innghat

nasa em em a. Thianghlimna hi ngaihthah a nih hlauh chuan hlawkna pawh hi a

tlahniam zung zung thin a ni. Chenna in nen a inzar zawma ran in sak leh ran no te

mihring chhenna bul a thlun ve mai te hi kan ram ah hian kan uar em em a. Chu mai

bakah an zun leh ek paihna tur mumal pawh siam lovin in leh a chhehvel ah kan paih

khawm mai thin a ni. Hetiang ang chin dan hi ran te tan a hrisel lo mai ni lovin

chhungkaw tan pawh a hrisel lo em em a ni.

Thianghlimna nei tur hian a hnuaia mite hi kan neih ngei a ngai a ni:

Ran zun leh ek senghawina mumal tak siam

Ran in tam tawk sak

Ran vun leh a ruang te mumal taka senghawi

Tui chenna intawm te mumal taka enkawl leh ran rual te tana tui in tur

remchang siamsak

Thianghlim loh na avanga natna lo awm thin lak atanga ran te kan venhim nan a

chunga kan tarlan te khi a pawimawh em em a. Ran in tam tawk tak sak hian ran a ti

hahdam in an inthlahpunna kawng ah pawh nasa takin a pui a ni. Chutiang bawk in tui

in tur thianghlim pek thin hian ran dam lo awm thin te a ti tlem a ni.

Composting

Agriculture Dept a thawhtu te tanpuina in GP-level a mipuite hnenah composting

siam chungchang hi sawi darh thin tur a ni a. Chutiang bawkin GP-te pawh in


33

composting siam dan entir na te siam in RKVY leh MGNREGS-te hmangin hetiang hi tih

lar bawk tur a ni. GP-te chuan an huamchhung a bawlhhlawh awm thin te ti tawih

(composting) turin hma an la thei bawk ang. Hei hian bawlhhlawh avanga GP-ten

harsatna an tawh thin sukiang in leitha (compost) awlsam takin an hmuh theih phah

bawk dawn a ni.

Composting hian tangkaina chi hnih a nei a. Bawlhhlawh senghawi kawngah a

puih mai bakah loneihna lam a tanpui turin leitha a siam sak bawk a ni. Atlangpuiin

bawngek leh organic bawlhhlawh te hi kan sawngbawl hian organic leitha kan nei thei

thin a ni.

Composting tih dan langsar tak pahnih te chu vermi-composting leh Naryan

Deotao Pandharipande compost (NADEP) te an ni.

Vermicomposting (Changpat leitha siam)

Changpat (worms), bacteria leh fungi te hmang tangkai a organic material-te tih

tawihna dan hi vermicomposting a ni. Vermicomposting hmanga siamchhuah hi vermi-

compost emaw worm casting emaw an ti a ni.

A hlawkna

Lei tha chi hrang hrang heng [nitrogen(1-1.5%), Phosphorous (0.8%),

Potassium (0.7%)], micro-nutrients, enzyme, plant hormones leh thlai

thanna atana antibiotic an mamawh hrang hrang te a pai a ni

Thlai a ti thang chak in a thar a ti hlawk

Thei rah, thlai hnah leh pangpar te a ti thar hlawk in a ti thar tha bawk

Lei a lei dr awm (humus) te a vawng tha

Lei in tui a pai theih na atana tanpui

A siam a awlsam in a siam man a tlawm

Lei thur tur leh al tur a veng

Leilung luang ral tur a veng

Rannung in thai a ei chhe tur a veng

Loneitu te tana a hlawkna

Leilung in a thar hlawk theihna (productivity) a tipung

Tuilak mamawh titlem in thlai thar a tipung

Rannung ei chhiat thin avanga thlai chhia awm thei te a titlem

Thlai te an tui in an lang mawi a tur hlauhawm pai miah lovin tha takin an awm

thei a, hei hian a man pawh a ti to bik a ni

NADEP (Naryan Deotao Pandharipande compost)

Atlangpuiin bawlhhlawh te hi chhunvum in emaw khur ah emaw kan tawihral tir

thin a. NADEP chindan kan hman chuan faina kawngah hma kan lo sawn mai bakah


34

leitha tha zawk akn lo nei thei dawn ani. NADEP composting hi composting tih dan man

tlawm ber leh awlsam ber a ni. Sum sen a tlem in a enkawlna atana insen pawh a tlem

em em a ni.

NADEP Composting atana hmanrua ngai te

1400 -1500kg vel a rit bawlhhlawh, hnim thohna, hnim, thlai zung, badam

kawr, thlai bulbawk leh inhnawm (plastic, silica, lung leh adt erawh telh

loh tur)

90-100kg vel a rit bawngek, a awm remchang a nih chuan gobar gas

atanga ek chhia

Lei ro (1750kg)

Tui- thil chhekkhawm rih lam atanga za a sawmhnih panga (25%) ie.,

1500-2000lts. A ti huh nan ran zun theh bawk tur a ni

NADEP composting atan hian khur eng tia zau nge kan laih ang?

Khur chhuat chu cement-a phah tur a ni a. Leirawhchan bang neiin khur 3mts a

dung x 1.80-2mts a vang leh 0.90-1mt a thuk (10ft x 6ft x 3ft) siam tur a ni. A bang hi

22.5 cm (9 inch) a chhah tur a ni.

A bang veng tur hian thirlen hmangin kan tuam thei bawk ang.

Zoonotic Diseases (Ran natna mihring a kaichhawn theih)

Ran atanga mihringin an kaichhawn theih natna te hi Zoonotic diseases chu a ni.

Zoonosis chu mihring in ran atanga natna a kaichhawn dan hi a ni. Entirnan: Ngawr, Ui a

hri, Khuh hip (influenza) te hi ran atangin mihring in a kaichhawng thei a ni.

Bombay (Diseases of Animals) Act, 1948

The Bombay (Diseases of Animals) Act, 1948 hi natna

tihrem, do leh venhim lam hawi a ni a. He dan ah

hian natna darh leh pun lun tur venna atan chuan

state sawrkar chuan ran lakluh khap emaw khuahkhirh

emaw, thawnchhuah leh phurh sawn, zawrh chhuah,

chhawr khap theihna thuneihna a nei a ni


35

Heng natna inkaichhawn theih tam tak te hi mihring tan a hlauhawm in thihna

thlen thei te pawh a awm a ni.

Chuvang in zoonosis laka him theihna pawimawh ber chu kan ran rual te

hriselna kan vil uluk a kan enkawl vat hi a ni. Faina leh thianghlimna, hriselna

ngaihpawimawh leh a hun taka hridanna pek te hian zoonotic natna awm theihna a

titlem a ni.

An khaw huam chhung a chhungkaw tin te chuan faina leh thianghlimna

ngaipawimawh tak chungin an ran rual te hriselna uluk takin an enkawl ang tih Gram

Sabha ah thutiam an nei thei ang. Zoonotic natna te hi mihring ten an kaichhawng thei

tih khawtlang mipui ten an hriatchian zawh poh leh mihring in an kaichhawn theihna hi

a tlakhniam dawn avangin Animal Husbandry/Livestock a standing committee te chuan

he natna lanchhuah dan inzirtirna hi an kalpui tur a ni.

Natna hrang hrang leh a thlentu te:

Sl.no Natna hming Natna kaichhawnan thin ran A natna lanchhuah dan

1 Anthrax Bawng, Lawi, Beram, Kel Kawthalo ek thi, khawsik,

hrawk thip

2 Khuh hip Ui, Sazupui Khuh ro benvawn,

khawsikpui

3 Undulating fever (Brucellosis)

Bawng, Lawi, Beram, Kel, vawk lampang chi zawng zawng atangin

Khawsik, ruhchuktuah na, tilmu vung

4 Coli Septicaemia (Cholera)

Bawng, Lawi, Beram, Kel, ar (hnute tui chhuan loh leh sa chhum loh atangin)

Kawthalo nasa tak, zun thi, khawsik

5 Glanders Sakawr/ Sabengtung Vun leh mucus membrane

pan

6 Leprosy (Phar natna)

Zawng Vun rau, taksa hmawr vel a vun khawk

7 Leptospirosis Ui, Bawng, Lawi, Sazu Thinlian, zunkawng natna,

meningitis

8 Listeriosis Bawng, Lawi, a sa ei chi ran

(Bawnghnute leh sa atangin) Mit thip, mit lampang chiang lo, meningitis, nauchhiat

9 Ngaw (TB) Ranvulh chi zawng zawng

atangin Khawsik sang tak awm reng, khawsikpui

10 Hripui (Plaque)

Sazu, Sazupui, thehlei lam chi (A hrik seh atangin)

Khawsik sang tak leh thalbe vung

11 Psittacosis Sava khawi atangin Khawsik, luna, tihrawlna,

khuhro, khawsikpui

12 Rat bite fever Sazu, Sazu seh hnu ui atangin,

Sazupui Khawsik, tihrawl leh ruhchuktuah na leh lu na

13 Ring worm Ranvulh chi zawng zawng

atangin A bial a pan thak tak vun a awm

14 Leishmaniasis Ui, Zawhte, Sahring ei chi ramsa Khawsik su, thin/la (spleen)


36

atangin a natna awm, kawthalo

15 Sikserh Zawng chi zawng zawng

(Anopheles thosi atangin) Khawsik leh vawt tih ser ser, luak

16 Tapeworm cysts

Atlangpuiin ui atangin Tui pai chu bawk lian tak thin leh chuap a awm

17 Guinea worm Ransa vulhchi leh ramsa sa hel

ei chi atangin Vun pan atanga a lung rawn chhuak, allergy

18 Uithak Ranvulh uithak vei atangin Kutzungtang inkara pem

thak tak awm

19 Pox Bawng, Lawi, Beram, Kel,

Sanghawngsei Hnai pai pan hmai a awm, kut leh ke a vun phuhlip awm

20 Encephalitis Vawk lampang chi zawng zawng

(thosi atangin) Khawsik luna, hrawk na, kut ke zeng (Paralysis)

21 Bird flu Ar vulh chi leh ram ar chi zawng

zawng Hritlang lam chi, taksa peng hrang hrang hnathawh thatloh vang a thihna

22 Swine flu Vawk Hritlang lam chi, khawsik,

taksa na them thum

23 Kyasanur Forest Diseases

Sazu, Zawng Khawsik, chau ngawih ngawih, meningitis, thihna

24 Rabies Ui a hri vei ui lam chi zawng

zawng atangin Khawsik leh tihrawl na, thinchhe thut thut, zeng thut, thihna


37

CHAPTER-7

BAWNG, LAWI LEH HNUTE TUI NEI CHI VULH

Bawng leh Lawi te hi hnute sawr atan an vulh thin a. Hlawk taka vulh tur chuan

sum senso a ngai in enkawl pawh uluk a ngai hle a. Chuvang chuan hnute sawr chi ran

enkawl dan chungchang chhung tin te inzirtir hi GP in a ngaihpawimawh a ngai em em a

ni. He chapter ah hian ran thlan dan tur chungchang te, ran in enkawl dan tur

chungchang leh chaw tha an mamawh dan chungchang te, a bik takin bawng leh lawi tan

tarlan a ni.

Hnute sawr chi ran thlan dan:

Hnute sawr chi ran thlan chungchang ah hian an hnute tui tam lam leh an

inthlahpun that theih dan hi thil pawimawh tak a ni a. Ran lei hma in a hnuaia mi te hi

kan chik hle tur a ni:

A chi bik nihphung leh hnute tui an neih tam dan

Ran chanchin (A thlahtu tel in) kimchang

Ran chu a upa lo em, duhthusam chuan no vawikhat nei tawh ni thei se

Chu bakah chuan a hnuaia mi te hi kan ngaipawimawh bawk tur a ni:

Bawng/Lawi te chu lei hma in hnute sawr tawh an ni ngei tur a ni. Ran te chu an

hnute tui tam lam hriat theihna turin vawi 2 emaw vawi 3 emaw a hnute sawr

tur a ni

Bawng/Lawi hnute tui chu a vawikhatna ah a hnute bu atanga sawr zawh vek tur

a ni. chumi hnu ah chuan vawithum tal sawr leh tur a ni. Darkar 24 chhunga a

hnute tui sawr theih zat chawhrual a zirin ran man chu chhiar tur a ni ang

Duhthusam chuan no an neih zawh thla (no vawi 1 emaw vawi 2 emaw neihna)

ah ran hi thlan thin ni se


38

Ran tha nihphung dang te:

Ran chuan thu a awih in mihring a ngaina tur a ni a, enkawltu leh a hnute sawrtu

an inthlak pawh in harsatna a siam tur a ni lo

A taksa leh a nunchang te chu itawm tak a ni tur a ni

Ran chuan sa muk tha tak a nei tur a ni

Mit meng de tha tak, vun nung tha tak pan tha tak a ni tur a ni

Mei vawng tha tak a nei tur a ni

A hnutebu chu a dul ah tha takin a invuah tur a ni

A hnutebu chuan thisen tha tak a nei tur a ni

A hnutebu te chu a taksa ah a invuah tha in hnute hmur tawi leh insemrual tha

tak a ni tur a ni

A hnute hmur chu a nem in a pian chu buara bag ang a sakhat a ni tur a ni

A hnute hmur leh bu te chu fel fai takin a inthliarhrang tur a ni

Ke chak tha tak a nei tur a ni

Bawng taksa lian nak thawl tha tak leh taksa sei tak hi an sa a hlawk a sawi thin a

ni

Ke phah zawl lutuk te hi pumpelh hram hram tur a ni (Ke phah zawl tak te hi thil

rit phur thei lo piansualna chikhat a ni a, a chi thlah atan leh a hnute sawr atan

pawh a tlak vak loh

Bawng awm te deuh te hi a hlawk lo tlangpui

Ran endik

Ran endik a kan tih tur pawimawh tak te chu

Ran rai ni a hriat lei a nih chuan vety doctor in a rai ngei a ni tih a chian tur a ni

Chithlah thei a ni nge ni lo tih leh a hriselna endik ngei hi a pawimawh hle

Ran chu lei a nih hma in TB, Johns disease (JD) leh brucella an vei leh vei loh

endik ngei ngei tur a ni

Hridanna leh rulhut hlo pek dan te enfiah thin tur a ni

Ran hnute sawr chi in chaw tha a mamawh te

Ran hnute sawr chi in chaw tha a mamawh te in lo thlir ho ang u

A) 400kg a rit 12lts bawnghnute sawr na thin bawng chu hetiang hian chaw tha kan

pe tur a ni:

Dry fodder 7 kgs

Green fodder (Monocot)- 10-12kgs emaw

Green fodder (Dicot) - 20-22kgs

Coarse ration 1500gms

Concentrate (300-500gms 1lt of milk produces) 3kgs


39

Bawng/Lawi rai te chu 0.5kg, 1kg leh 1.5 kg concentrate mixture te hi thla 7, 8

leh thla 9 ah te kan pek belh tur a ni. Concentrate chaw eng pawh pek a pawi lova chu

chuan 70-75% digestible nutrient leh 16-20% protein a pai tur a ni.

Bawng in

A hnuaia tarlan te hi bawng in sak lai in kan ngaipawimawh tur a ni

Bawng in chu hmun kang ah sak tur a ni

Ran chetvel nan leh dinna atan hmun awl tha tawk a awm tur a ni

Inchung chu 12ft atanga 14fts tal a sang a ni tur a ni a hei hian boruak lum insem

darh tur leh khawlum ni a ran tana a hahdamna a thlen a ni

A bang chu 5-6ft sang leh tha tak a ni tur a ni a, cement a zut vek tur a ni

Bangkil te chu a kual tur a ni

A chhuat chu a khi in a khuar tur a ni lova a nal tur a ni bawk hek lo

A chhuat chu a in mawng lam hawi in a awih tlan tur a ni

Awlsam taka tui, zun leh ek te a luanral zung zung theihna atan tui paihna tha

tawk tak a nei tur a ni {Thleng ang a kum kawr (Saucer shaped drain)}

Leirawhchan kang urh te hi a chhuat atan hman theih a ni ang (Leirawhchan

kang urh te hi insak na atan hman a ni ngai lo). Cement concrete chhuat aiin a

thlanawm zawk a ni

Thleng ang kawr (Saucer shaped drain) te chu 9-10 inches a zau leh awih tlan tha

tak a ni tur a ni

A chaw kuang chu 3-3.5 ft a sang a ni tur a ni. A chaw kuang hmalam chu 20-25

inches a sang a ni ang a, a kuang thuk lampang chu 10-12 inches a ni tur a ni. Pipe

phel te pawh a hman theih bawk. Chaw kuang kil tin te chu a kual tur a ni

Ran an tam chuan tui inna tur kuang hran siam tur a ni

Tui kuang chu a tha in tui 125-150lts ran pakhat tana in theih tur a lian a ni tur a

ni

Tui in tur chu a daih reng theih nan leh vut leh bawlhhlawh atanga a him theih

nan khuhna siam tur a ni a

A theih a nih chuan thlasik ah ran te chu tuilum pek thin ni se

Tui kuang chhunglam bang chu hman hma in chinai thi in hnawih var tur a ni

Ran pakhat emaw pahnih emaw an awm chuan bucket lian deuhvah tui chu hun

mai tur a ni

Lei tha khur chu ran in atanga 100fts aia hla ah a awm tur a ni

Ran in sir vel ah neem thing phun tur a ni

Khawlum leh vawt lutuk laka veng turin bawng in te chu buara a zar phui thin tur

a ni

A theih a nih chuan ran te chu a kum bithliah a khung hran tur a ni

Bawnghnute dahthatna/tehna hmun chu ran in nen a hrang tur a ni

Ran in a ran dah te chuan a hnuaia tarlan ang hian nuam an ti a ni tih finfiah a ni:


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Nikhatah darkar 16-18 tal ran te chu nuamsa takin an bawk thei tur a ni

Ran te chuan 14-16 tal chaw thal nawn na hun an nei tur a ni

An hur beisei ni ah ran te chu an hur tur a ni

An ek leh zun te chu a pangai tur a ni

Ran in chu rannung, hrik leh rulhut chi lak a tangin a fihlim tur a ni

Ran damlo te nen in an intawm tur a ni lo

Vawikhat tum na ah kah rai chu a hlawhtling ngei tur a ni (hei hian kahrai na

senso a titlem in a hur leh hun a ti hma in, a hlawkthlak bawk a ni)

Ran in tha chuan ran te tihhahdam avangin ran in tha leh ranvulh hlawkna hi a

inkungkaih tlat a ni

Ran rai lai enkawldan

Ran rai lai hriselna ngaipawimawh hi thil tul tak a ni a. Chumi chungchang atana

hriattur pawimawh thenkhat te chu:

Ran no vawikhat neih na reng reng chu a bik in chhun leh zan ah enkawl an ngai

hle a. No a neih dawn hnaih ah chuan ran rai lai chu ran rual te atangin dahhran a

hmun reh lai deuhah dah tur a ni

Ran rai lai chuan a no neih hnaih thla 2 atangin concentrate mixture 1-1.5kg in a

dawng tam bik tur a ni

Ran rai lai te chu tih hah tur a ni lova ui um tir emaw tlang pang a lawn tir emaw

tih loh tur a ni

Rulhut hlo leh hridanna te pek tur a ni

A chhehvel ah ran no chhiat an awm thu hriat a awm hlauh chuan fimkhur hle tur

a ni

Calcium leh phosphorous chawhpawlh mineral mixture te pek thin tur a ni

Ran rai lai chu hnute tui nei a nih chuan no a neih leh hma thla hnih tal ah hnute

tui chu tih kang tur a ni. Hei hi a hnute tui vawikhat sawr a a chaw ei thin te

tihtlem lailawk a, nikhat dan a a hnutetui sawr leh thin tur a ni. Ran chu a

hnutetui a kang tak tak hnu ah chuan a hnute bu in natna a kai loh nan a hnute

hmur ah antibiotic kan thun tur a ni

Inthlahpun chungchang

Ran inthlahpunna ah hian thil pawimawh tak pahnih a awm a, chungte chu ran

ching leh ran hur hun hriat hi a ni

Ran ching

A enkawldan, chaw tha pek, hriselna leh a chhehvel boruak ten a zir a nih chuan

ran te hi mumal takin an inthlahchhawng thei a. Amaherawhchu enkawl mumal loh

avang leh chauh lutuk avangin ran te hi an ching ve thei a ni. Hetiang hi ran ching tiin an

sawi thin a ni. Repeat breeding chu ran vawithum emaw a aia tam emaw pawltir hnu a


41

rai thei lo te hi a ni. Ran hriselna kan enkawl tha a nih loh chuan ni eng emaw zat

chhung emaw thla hial te pawh an ching thei thin a ni

Ran hur lai enkawl

Veterinary mithiamte zulzui a ran hur lai enkawl that hi ranvulh hlawkna atan a

thil pawimawh tak a ni a. Chung thiamna te chu awlsam zawka khaikhawmin loneihtu

ten an hriatthiam ve theih turin dah a ni a. Chung te chu:

Ran hur tir Kan duh ang ni ah ran te hi hormone hmangin a hur tir theih ang.

Chung tiang ang a ran hur tir a nih chuan a hun tak ah rai tir thin tur a ni

Oestrous synchronization - Ran rual te chu kan duh ang bik hun bi ah te a rual in

kan hur tir thei a chutiang tih dan chu oestrous synchronization a ni. Hetiang

thiamna avang hian ranrual te chu nikhat thil thu ah a hu hovin a kah rai theih

thin a ni

Controlled breeding Control breeding chu ran in no a pai that theih nan a a chi

pek chhuah dan vilzui hi a ni

A hun taka kah rai Ran nu in a chi pangai taka a pekchhuah theih nan

vawilehkhat ah ran zawng zawng te chu kah rai thin tur a ni

Ran chi hrang hrang

An hur dan hrang hrang

Hur chhung Kah rai hun

Non-descript bawng leh lawi

Hur na lo emaw langsar lo

12-18 hrs

A hur tih hriat atanga darkar 6 chhung in emaw, hmuhchhuah a nih veleh

Native descript bawng leh lawi

Hur pangai 18-24 hrs

AM-PM rule A hur a ni tih hriat atanga darkar 12 hnu ah

Cross breed bawng Hur langsar leh hriat awl tak 30-36 hrs

A hur a ni tih hriat atanga darkar 24 chhungin

Exotic Bawng Chiang leh larsar taka hur 36-48 hrs

A hur a ni tih hriat atanga darkar 36 chhungin

Ran no te natna laka vendan leh enkawl dan

Ran no pianghlim te hi natna an kai mai loh na atana mumal tak leh hunbi nei

taka enkawl hi a pawimawh em em a ni. No piang hlim natna tlanglawn leh a enkawl

dan te a hnuai ah hian tarlan a ni

Natna Hmalak dan tur Naval ill (laihrui natna) Hnai awm te chu a lo tuah hun ah chu zai hawn tur a ni a,

awm awmna hnu ah chuan iodine a chiah lapua chu


42

nihnih emaw nithim chhung kan hnawh tur a ni Ran no laipawng chu enkawl that a nih loh chuan a pem

awmna lai chu a pun thin a, hei hian ruh natna (arthritis), khawsikpui (pneumonia) leh zawi ngawih ngawih na a thlen thin a ni

Thisen leh thau var in a pawlh kawthalo (Bacteria leh protozoa te ra no ril ah an lut thin)

Ran no piang hlim chu hnute tui hmasa ber hnek tir ngei ngei tur a ni

A thih loh nan vety mithiamte enkawl tir ngei tur a ni Ran damdawi a awm remchang hma in Jaiphal (Myistica

fragrans) leh bawnghnute chawhpawlh chu khawthalo enkawlna atan hman lailawk theih a ni

Khawsikpui (Pneumonia)

Ran no chu hmun hnawng leh vawt ah dah loh tur A hun tak leh dan dik tak a enkawl a nih chuan

khawsikpui hi awlsam takin a dam leh thei a ni Khawthalo nasa, khawsikpui leh taksa chau te hian ran

no ah tui tlakchhamna (dehydration) a siam thin a ni Tuitlakchhamna (mit ro, vun khawng, vun ro leh char leh hmul khawng fur te hi tuitlachham lantir tu langsar tak a ni)

Vety mithiamte puihna in saline tui te chu ran no thisenzam (vein) ah thun tur a ni

Darkar hnih dan zel ah tui damdawi siamchawp chu pek thin tur a ni (Chini 50gm, soda (sodium bicarbonate) 5gm, chi 10gm, tui 1lt)

Rulhut pai Hnim rulhut awm loh na pek Rulhut hlo pek. Rulhut hlo hmasa ber chu thla khat a nih

in pek tur a ni a, a dawt leh chu thla 1 dan zel ah thla ruk an tlin thleng in pek tur a ni. A leh pek ah chuan kum khat ah vawihnih zel pek tawh tur a ni

A than hun lai a hrisel lohna awm te

Bawng la te chuan an than hun laiin chaw tha tam tawk an dawng tur a ni

Rulhut hlo leh hridanna pek ngei tur a ni

I lo hre ve em

Chithlah kawnga harsatna te hian a huam tel te chu:

Chhul a bawk awm (Cystic ovaries) : Bawng emaw Lawi emaw chi chhuak si lova

a hur hian an rai thei lova, chutiang ang chu chhul a bawk awm vang a ni thei a ni

Hur thei lo (Anoestrous): Ran an hur theih loh hian Anoestrous an ti a ni

Chhul natna benvawn (Chronic endometritis): Chhul bang (Endometrium) natna

avanga ran rai thei lo hi Chronic endometritis a ni

Ran hur thei lo (Anoestrous) hi ran inthlahpun theih loh na chhan langsar ber a

ni

Ran hur thei miah loh chuan an zia ah pawh ran hur thin te lantir ang kha an

lantir ve ngai lo a ni

Inthlahchhawnna kawnga harsatna tawh reng reng in a nat dan hrechiang tur leh

enkawl turin vety doctor rawn nghal vat thin tur a ni. Damdawi a enkawlna mai bakah

duat taka enkawl leh chaw tha pek thin an mamawh a ni.


43

Ran hur hriat dan

Ran kap rai tur hian a hur ngei a ni tih hriatchian hi a pawimawh hle a, ran hur

leh hur loh hriat hi a neitu mawhphurna a ni. Ran hnute sawr chi reng reng hi hun rei lo

chhung a an hur a vangin a hun taka kahrai a nih theihna turin ran neitu ten a hur lai tak

an hriatchian hi a pawimawh em em a ni. A hur lai hmaih palh hian a no neih inkar a ti

zau mai ni lovin ranvulh kawnga hlawkna tur tam tak a khawhral bawk a ni. Bawng leh

Lawi te hi no an neih atanga ni 60-90 ah hur leh tur a beisei an ni a, ni 90 na leh 120 na

atangin an rai tan leh thei a ni tih na a ni.

Ran hur in zia a lanchhuah tir dan tlangpui te chu a hnuaiah hian tarlan a ni:

A lan dan (symptom)

First phase Second phase Third phase

Serh a bawlhhlawh chhuak (Discharge)

Tuiril tlem A hnang ban in a tam Hnang ban tlem leh chhah tak

A hur avanga a zia lantir (Sexual behaviour)

Hmazawng a ran dang te bawh ur ur

A pa ang in ran dang te bawh

A dawh hle hle in a hnar lo

A hu hova an zia (Group behavour)

Awm hle hle thei lovin ran dang lak atangin a kal hrang

Dan dang zing ah a awm nang a a awm hle hle thei lo

Ngawi reng in a awm hle hle

Aw rawl chhuah Awki sang tak a chhuah reng

A khat tawk in rei lo te te aw rawl a chhuah

A chang chang in zawi deuhvin aw rawl a chhuah

Zun chhuah Zung reng A khat tawk in a zung A zung tlem sawt Serh biang hnim leh liah

Chik deuh chuan a hriat theih

A lang fiah hle A langsar vak tawh lo

Thil ei A ngaihthah A ngaihthah A nawr bua/darh A mei chet dan A hem a hem A hem a hem A taksa sir lamah a

dah deuh reng Thildang te A tho thang a tha em

em A pa in a hip em em A serhvel a en deuh

chhen

Ran hnute sawr chi hur leh hur loh ennan hian hmanrua leh tih dan hrang hrang

a awm a. Nitin zing leh tlai a mit lawng ngei a ran endik thin hi ran hur hriat nan chuan

chin dan hlawhtling ber a ni.

Dairy clean milk

Clean milk chu bawnghnute rawng dang pu lo, hmuh theih bawlhhlawh awm lo

leh bacteria nei tlem tak te hi an ni. Clean milk a lactic acid awm chu 0.5% aiin a tlem tur

a ni a, bacterial count per millilitres pawh 100000 (1/Lakh) aiin a tlem tur a ni. Clean

milk nei tur chuan a hnuai tarlan te hi an pawimawh hle a ni:

Enkawlna tha, faina leh thianghlimna leh tui in tur thianghlim hnianghnar

tak


44

Ran hrisel

Bawnghnute sawrtu invawnfai

Ran hnutebu vawn thianghlim leh fai taka enkawl

Bawnghnute dah na bur fai taka enkawl

Clean milk neih theihna tura chindan tha entawn tur dang te chu:

Bawnghnute sawrtu chu thlak chhen loh tur

Ran enkawl dan leh chaw pek dan thin te thlak loh tur

Ran hnute sawr lai leh bawnghnute sawngbawl laiin faina leh

thianghlimna zawm tur

Bawng/Lawi 15lts aia tam bawnghnute pe chhuak thin te chu nikhat ah

vawi thum, darkar ruk dan zel ah an hnute sawr sak thin tur a ni

Thlasik lai in ran hnute hmur ah butter, ghee, sterile cream etc te a tih nal

nan hnawih thin tur a ni

CMT reagent hmang in, ran hnute sawr hma in, hunbi neiin California

Mastitis Test (CMT) neih thin tur a ni

Ni 15 dan ah bawnghnute chu Laboratory ah test tir tur a ni

Bawnghnute zawrhchhuahna room leh a dahkhawlna room chu a hran a

ni tur a ni a, ran in hnaih lovah an awm tur a ni

Adulteration of milk (Bawnghnute khawih danglam/tihbawlhhlawh)

Bawnghnute khawih danglam/tihbawlhhlawh hian vantlang hriselna ah nasa

takin nghawng tha lo a nei a. Adulteration ven a nih theih nan bawnghnute lakkhawmna

hmun reng reng ah bawnghnute thau leh SNF pai te endik vek thin tur a ni.

Amaherawhchu bawnghnute societies tam tak in mimal bawnghnute chhung thin te ta

endik lovin a khawm in an endik thin bawk a ni. Mi thenkhat in bawnghnute an lo

khawih danglam hian khawtlang a ti hmelhem vek thin a ni. Bawnghnute khawih

danglam dan hi chi hrang hrang a awm a; tui, chi, chini, maltose, starch, neutralizer, urea

leh soda pawlh te a ni. Bawnghnute khawih danglam hi adulteration kit hmang in

awlsam tak in a hmuhchhuah zung zung theih a ni.

Doodhiya GP-a SHG te thil tih .

Training session tumkhat chu Ms. Laxmi Bai, Kamdhenu group member

leh khaw mi ni bawk chuan bawng an lei tum a an pawl thil tawn te a rawn

sawi lang a. A ni chuan bank loan hmang a bawng vulh an tan thu a rawn

tarlang a, hlawk zawk a ran an vulh theih nan ran vulh dan changkang zawk

zir an chak zia a rawn sawi bawk a ni. Hei hi member te chuan hmeichhe

chawisanna atana remchang tak ni ah an ngai a ni. GP-in Animal Husbandry

chungchang ah vantlang inkhawm an buatsaih tum in Ms. Laxmi Bai chuan SHG

member zawng zawng te chu chu meeting ah chuan kal theuh turin a fuih thu

a sawi a. Chu meeting vek ah chuan an thil zir te chu an sawiho zui leh

nghal bawk a ni.

SHG intawhkhawm tum a an thil zir te chu an sawiho leh mai bakah a

taka an hman chhunzawm nghal avangin ran te hriselna kawng a hmasawnna

awm chu a hmun theih nghal a ni. Ran enkawlna senso chu tlahniam in an

tharchhuah chu a pung chho ta a ni. A dil ang a GP-ten an phalsak ang in

an SHG chuan an khua ah chuan Cooperative dairy bul an tan ta a ni. Hei

hi Doodhiya khua a milk revolution (bawnghnute atanga danglamna) rawn

intan dan chu a ni


45

CHAPTER 8

GOATS AND SHEEP (KEL LEH BERAM)

Kel leh beram vulh hian chhungkaw harsa tak te tan ei leh bar zawn kawngah

nasa takin a pui thei a. Ram nei lo te leh chhungkaw hnuaihnung te hian a enkawl a

hautak loh avangin bawng vulh aiin kel vulh an thlang zawk fo a, a tir a sum sen ngai

pawh a tlem zawk a ni. Chhungkaw thenkhat chuan a hnuaia mi avang te hian

bawng/lawi vulh aiin kel vulh an thlang thin a ni:

Bul tanna a hautak lo

Enkawlna senso a tlem

Hmeichhia, kum upa leh naupang te pawhin an enkawl thei

An zaidam zawk

Hnim to satliah ring mai mai pawh in tha takin an thang tha thei (Ran

chaw bik hnim hring an mamawh kher lo)

Tih ral an awlsam

Hlawhchham na awm thei a tlem

Kel vulh chungchang a hriattur pawimawh hrang hrang te mipuite hriattir an nih

theih na Animal Husbandry/Livestock Improvement-ten hma an la thei ang. Hei hian an

hloh a ti tlem in hlawkna a tipung thei thung ang. Eng tin nge hlawk zawk in kel kan vulh

theih ang tih I lo thlir ho ang u.

1. Kelpa chi thlah tur thlan

Hlawk zawk a kel vulh theihna tur a thil pawimawh tak mai pakhat chu a pa chi

thlah tur thlan uluk hi a ni. A pa chi thlah tur thlan laiin a hnuaia tarlan te hi

ngaihpawimawh tur a ni:

Phir emaw phir pathum atangin a pa chithlah tur chu thlan tur a ni

Rih zawng pangai, hrisel tha leh harhvang a ni tur a ni


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Kel nu 25 atanga 30 zing ah a pakhat a awm tur a ni

Kelpa chu a nu ho zing ah nileng leh zankhua a dah loh tur a ni

Kelpa chithlah atana vulh chu kum 2 atanga kum 3 hnuah thlak thin tur a

ni

Kelpa hrisello chu chithlah a tan a hmantlak loh a ni

Kelpa chu a tlem ber ah 450-500 gms concentrate chaw tha, mineral

mixture leh trace minerals te pek thn tur a ni

Phir emaw phir pathum piang thin te a tla hniam zel a nih chuan kelpa

chithlahtu chu thlak tur a ni

2. Kelnu thlan

Kelnu thlan hi kelpa chithlah tur thlan nen an pawimawhna a inang reng a. Kelnu

thlan lai a hriattur pawimawh te chu:

Hnute tui ngah, no nei ngun leh phir emaw phir pathum emaw hring thei

tur a ngaih chu thlan tur a ni

Hmai tlang hriam, mi

ran vulh kawnga vc te mawhphurhna -...

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