java frameworks e aplicações corporativas

7/26/2019 Java Frameworks e Aplicaes Corporativas

1/210

Pgzlr Gitfad

Hgvg

Ergdlwaros

l Gpcjkgls

Karpargtjvgs
http://www.esr.rnp.br/


2/210

G PIR Plml Igkjaigc ml Lisjia

l Rlsqujsg qugcjejkgmg kada

udg Arngijzga [akjgc (A[),

slima cjngmg ga Djijstrja mg

Kjikjg, ]lkiacanjg l Jiavga

( DK ] J ) l rls pais v l c pl c a

Rranrgdg Jitlrdjijstlrjgc PIR,

qul kaitg kad g pgrtjkjpga mas

djijstrjas mg Lmukga (DLK), mg

[gml (D[) l mg Kucturg (DjiK).

Rjailjrg ia gklssa Jitlrilt ia

@rgsjc, g PIR pcgilhg l dgitd grlml Jp, g rlml ptjkg igkjaigc

gkgmdjkg ml gcta mlsldplifa.

Kad Raitas ml Rrlslig igs

0> uijmgmls mg elmlrga, g rlml

tld dgjs ml 622 jistjtujls

kailktgmgs. [a gpraxjdgmgdlitl

;,< djcfls ml usurjas usuerujima

ml udg jierglstruturg ml rlmlsgvgigmgs pgrg kaduijkga,

kadputga l lxplrjdlitga,

qul kaitrj`uj pgrg g jitlnrga

litrl a sjstldg ml Kjikjg l

]lkiacanjg, Lmukga [uplrjar,

[gml l Kucturg.


3/210

HGUGErgdlwarosl Gpcjkgls

Karpargtjvgs

Pgzlr Gitfad


4/210


5/210

HGUGErgdlwarosl Gpcjkgls

Karpargtjvgs

Pgzlr Gitfad

Pja ml HgiljraLskacg [uplrjar ml Plmls0275


6/210

Kapyrjnft 0275 Plml Igkjaigc ml Lisjia l Rlsqujsg PIRPug Cgura Dcclr, 775 sgcg 772;000:2-:25 Pja ml Hgiljra, PH

Mjrltar NlrgcIlcsai [jdls

Mjrltar ml [lrvjas l [aculsHas Cujz Pj`ljra Ejcfa

Lskacg [uplrjar ml Plmls

KaarmligaClgimra Dgrkas ml Acjvljrg Nujdgrls

LmjaCjikaci mg Dgtg

Kaarmligmar Gkgmdjka mg rlg ml Mlslivacvjdlita ml [jstldgsHafi Cldas Eardgi

Lqujpl L[P (ld armld gceg`tjkg)Gmrjgig Rjlrra, Gcyiil Rlrljrg, Klcjg Dgkjlc, Mlrcjig Djrgimg, Lmsai Oawgso, Lcjdrjg@gràsg, Lvlccyi Eljtasg, Elcjpl Igskjdlita, Caurmls [aikji, Cukjgig @gtjstg, Cujz KgrcasCa`gta, Pligta Mugrtl l Zvl Dgrkjgc.

Kgpg, prahlta vjsugc l mjgnrgdga]lkiamlsjni

Ulrsa7.2.2

Lstl dgtlrjgc mjmtjka eaj lcgàrgma kad is lmukgkjaigjs. [acjkjtgdas qul qugcqulr lrra likai-trgma au mvjmg kad rlcga ga dgtlrjgc au slu usa slhg livjgma pgrg g lqujpl ml lcgàrga mlkaitlma mg Lskacg [uplrjar ml Plmls, ia l-dgjc jieaBlsr.rip.`r. G Plml Igkjaigc ml Lisjia lRlsqujsg l as gutarls ia gssudld qugcqulr rlspaisg`jcjmgml par lvlitugjs mgias au plrmgs, g

plssags au lis, arjnjigmas ma usa mlstl dgtlrjgc.Gs dgrkgs rlnjstrgmgs dlikjaigmgs ilstl dgtlrjgc plrtlikld gas rlsplktjvas tjtucgrls.

MjstrjùjaLskacg [uplrjar ml PlmlsPug Cgura Dcclr, 775 sgcg 772;000:2-:25 Pja ml Hgiljra, PHfttp8//lsr.rip.`rjieaBlsr.rip.`r

Mgmas Jitlrigkjaigjs ml Kgtgcanga ig Ru`cjkga (KJR)

K;66-6


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jjj

[udrja

Lskacg [uplrjar ml Plmls

G dltamacanjg mg L[P jx

[a`rl a kursa x

G quld sl mlstjig x

Kaivlils utjcjzgmgs ilstl cjvra xj

Rlrdjssls ml usa xj

[a`rl a gutar xjj

7. Jitramua

Grqujtlturg Hgvg LL 7

LH@

Kgjxgs ml tlxta ml dctjpcgs cjifgs ;6

Kgjxgs ml tlxta ml slifg ;:

Lxldpca ml kgjxgs ml tlxta =2

Ptucas =2

Kgdpas akuctas =7

Kgjxgs ml [lcla =0

Lxlrkkjas

=>

=. H[E Kadpailitls vjsugjs

@atls l cjios


9/210

v

Cjio 3f8cjio9 50

Cjio Lxtlria8 3f8autputCjio9 50

Lxldpca kad `atls l cjios 5;

]lxtas 5=

]lxtas sjdpcls 5=

]lxtas eardgtgmas 52

Dlisgnlis >;

Plpltja >

Jikcusa ml pnjigs >>

]ldpcgtls >6

Kaivlrsarls 62

Kaivlrsa ml idlras 67

Kaivlrsa ml mgtgs au fargs 60

Grdgzligr ud a`hlta ld ud D@ ld vlz ml udg str jin 6=

Dlisgnld ml lrra ml kaivlrsa 6>

Ugcjmgmarls 66

@lgi Ugcjmgtjai :2

Ugcjmgmar Rlrsaigcjzgma :7

Lvlitas :0UgculKfginlLvlit :=

Gtrj`uta jddlmjgtl :5
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10/210

vj

5. H[E Jitlrigkjaigcjzga, GHGV l Rrjdlegkls

Jitlrigkjaigcjzga ::

Grqujvas ml dlisgnlis ::

Dgignlm @lgi ml jitlrigkjaigcjzga 722

VF]DC kad Jitlrigkjaigcjzga 727

GHGV 720

Lvlitas 720

Kadpailitls 72=

Gtugcjzga 72=

Dtama Jivakgma 72. Fj`lrigtl

Jitramua 70

Armliga 756

Plstrjls 756

Kad`jiga ml Plstrjls8 GIM l AP 7>2

Rrahlls 7>7

H[E l Fj`lrigtl 7>7

72.Hgvg LL

Hgvg LL 7>5

]rgisgls 760KD] 76;

@D] 76;

wl` [lrvjkls 76=

[AGR 76

LH@ ;.0

H[P ;=

Kgptuca7-Jitramua

Hgvg LL [lrvlr

Gppcjkgtjai Kcjlit Kaitgjilr

Gppcjkgtjai Kcjlit ^l` @rawslr

Kcjlit Dgkfjil

[lrvclt ^l` Rgnl

Litlrprjsl @lgi Litlrprjsl @lgi

^l`Kaitgjilr

LH@Kaitgjilr

Mgtg`gsl

\d Kaitljilr udg jitlregkl litrl ud kadpailitl l udg euikjaigcjmgml ml `gjxa ivlc mg

pcgtgeardg, qul a supartg. Rar lxldpca, [lrvclts l slu trgtgdlita ig pcgtgeardg Hgvg.

qLxjstld `gsjkgdlitl majs tjpas ml Kaitljilrs87 [lrvclt Kaitljilr8

0 Kaitljilr wl`?

0 \sgma pgrg lxlkua ml gpcjkgls wl`?

0 Jdpcldlitgd sadlitl gs tlkiacanjgs wl` ([lrvclts, H[R, H[E, LC l H[]C).7 LH@ Kaitljilr8

0 Kaitljilrs usgmas pgrg lxlkua ml kadpailitls LH@.

A slrvjmar usgma ilssl dgtlrjgc a Argkcl NcgssEjsf =, qul ud [lrvjmar Hgvg LL kadpclta,

kad [lrvclt Kaitljilr l LH@ Kaitljilr. Lcl ldpgkatgma ig jistgcga ma Ilt`lgis l h

kainurgma ml eardg gutadtjkg. A NcgssEjsf g jdpcldlitga ml rlelrikjg ma Hgvg LL.

qArgkcl NcgssEjsf =7 Jdpcldlitga ml Plelrikjg8 fttps8//ncgsssf.hgvg.ilt/

7 [lrvjmar ml gpcjkga8 jdpcldlitg tamg g lsplkjkga Hgvg LL.7 Rgrg jijkj-ca ld cjifg ml kadgima8

0 Jr gt8 3Mjrltrja ma NCG[[EJ[F9/ ji0 Lxlkutgr8./gsgmdji stgrt-madgji --vlr`asl madgji7

7 Lstgr mjspaivlc ld8 fttp8//cakgcfast86262

G nurg 7.; gprlslitg a pgjilc gmdjijstrgtjva ma NcgssEjsf, qul passuj mjvlrsgs kainurgls,

vjsta slr udg jdpcldlitga kadpcltg mg lsplkjkga Hgvg LL.

Ejnurg 7.0[lrvjmar Hgvg LL

l Kaitljilrs.


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6

HGUGErgdlwaroslGpcjkglsKarpargtjvgs

Rgrg jijkjgr a NcgssEjsf ld cjifg ml kadgima, kad a pradpt au sflcc, mldas jr gt a

mjrltrja ml jistgcga, su`mjrltrja `ji, l lxlkutgr a slnujitl kadgima8

./gsgmdji stgrt-madgji --vlràsl madgji7

A slrvjmar lstgr mjspaivlc ia igvlngmar ia limlrla8 fttp8//cakgcfast86262. Ga slr rlqujsjtgmg,

udg tlcg jijkjgc slr gprlslitgmg kad ud cjio pgrg a Gmdjijstrgtjai Kaisacl (a pgjilc gmdjijs-

trgtjva ma NcgssEjsf, kada dastrgma ig nurg 7.;. Ia dliu Gpcjkgls, pamld slr vjsugcjzgmgs

tamgs gs gpcjkgls jistgcgmgs au jdpcgitgmgs qul lsta slima slrvjmgs plca madija. \d àta

Jdpcgitgr mjspaij`jcjzgma l kaislnul-sl egzlr g jdpcgitga (mlpcay) ml udg iavg gpcjkga

par lssg apa, dlsda ia tlima gklssa ga mjrltrja ml jistgcga ma slrvjmar.

Rgrg jdpcgitga ml udg iavg gpcjkga, ilklssrja slu grqujva ml ldpgkatgdlita kad

lxtlisa .wgr (ml wl` GPkfjvl). Rgrg gklssgr g gpcjkga rlkd-jistgcgmg, usgdas a limlrla

fttp8//cakgcfast86262/Flccaârcm, aiml Flccaârcm a iadl ma grqujva .wgr jistgcgma.

qAutras slrv jmarls kadpgtvljs kad Hgvg LL sa87 Gpgkfl ]adkgt [lrvclt Kaitgjilr

0 6.2.x (Hgvg >) [lrvclt ;.7 / H[R 0.; / LC ;.2?

0 >.2.x (Hgvg 5) [lrvclt ;.2 / H[R 0.0 / LC 0.0.

7 Argkcl Ncgsssf Gppcjkgtjai [lrvlr (wl` l LH@)0 ;.7.x Hgvg LL 5.

7 PlmFgt Hàss

0 Litlrprjsl 5.0 Hgvg LL 5.

Rgmrls ml Rrahlta Erait Kaitracclr l DUK

Erait Kaitracclr ud pgmra ml prahlta usgma ld gpcjkgls wl`, usgma pgrg earilklr ud

paita klitrgc ml litrgmg pgrg tamgs gs rlqujsjls qul sa eljtgs pgrg g gpcjkga.

\dg nrgiml vgitgnld ia slu usa a kaitracl klitrgcjzgma ml igvlnga, gklssa, plrdjssls,

can ltk., egzlima kad qul kainurgls lxtlrigs au dlsda g pranrgdga ia qul

mjcumg ga caina ml dujtgs pnjigs, tarigima g dgiutlia ma saetwgrl dgjs pramutjvg.

Ejnurg 7.;Rgjilc Gmdjijstrgtjvama NcgssEjsf.


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:

Kgptuca7-Jitramua

Rgrg qul a Erait Kaitracclr slhg rlgcdlitl lkjlitl, ilklssrja qul lcl slhg mlslivacvjma ml

eardg lixutg, g`strgjima sadlitl gs aplrgls nlirjkgs g tamas (au g dgjarjg) mas lcl-

dlitas. Rar lxldpca8 vlrjkga sl ud usurja lst cangma, pgrg gklssgr mltlrdjigmg pnjig.

Dujtas ergdlwaros ml dlrkgma usgd a pgmra Erait Kaitracclr ld slu mlslivacvjdlita l

h mjspaij`jcjzgd lssl kadpailitl ml eardg gutadtjkg, `gstgima pravlr sug kainurga.

Rar lxldpca, a [truts prav a Gktjai[lrvclt , l a H[E prav a Egkls[lrvclt.

A pgmra ml prahlta DUK (Damlc-Ujlw-Kaitracclr) usgma pgrg slpgrgr a mlslivacvjdlita mg

gpcjkga ld pgrtls `ld mlijmgs, egkjcjtgima a mlslivacvjdlita, g dgiutlia l lxtlisa.

Damlca (au damlc) sl rlelrl gas kadpailitls ma saetwgrl qul cjmgd kad g rlprlslitga

ml mgmas (cjnga kad `gika ml mgmas) l cnjkg ml ilnkja. G Ujsa (au vjlw) egz g jitlregkl

kad a usurja. G Kaitracgmarg (au kaitracclr) rlspaisvlc par trgiseardgr gs rlqujsjls

ma usurja, nlrgmgs ig vjsa, pgrg gls ml cnjkg ml ilnkja au dgijpucga ml mgmas, l

tgd`d kaitracgr g igvlnga litrl vjsls, kaieardl a uxa mg gpcjkga.

Rlrkl`l-sl qul as pgmrls Erait Kaitracclr l DUK sl kadpcldlitgd ia mlslivacvjdlita

ml udg gpcjkga wl`, slima qul g kgdgmg ml kaitracl ma damlca DUK paml slr jdpcl-

dlitgmg ml vrjgs eardgs, jikcusjvl usgima-sl Erait Kaitracclr.

Grqujtlturg H[E

A H[E likaitrg-sl ld plrdgilitl lvacua. Litrl as gvgias dgjs rlklitls, pamldas mlstgkgr8

q7 Jitlnrga kad F]DC


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72


Kaitljilr

F]]RPlqulst

F]]RPlspaisl

Jitlrga litrl ud kcjlitll udg gpcjkga ^l`

Fttp[lrvcltPlspaisl Hgvg @lgis

Fttp[lrvcltPlsqulst Kadpailitls ^l`([lrvclts/HR[)

Kcjlitl^l`

Ilssl damlca, tamgs gs tgrlegs mlvld slr lsplkjkgmgs plca pranrgdgmar mlitra mas kad-

pailitls. Rar lxldpca, as mgmas livjgmas par ud earducrja mlvld slr, ud g ud, a`tjmas

ma a`hlta ml rlqujsja (Fttp[lrvcltPlqulst) l prllikfjmas ld vgrjvljs ma kadpailitl

au gtrj`utas ml @lgis. G igvlnga litrl tlcgs tgd`d mlvl slr eljtg ml eardg dgiugc,

gtrgvs ml rlmjrlkjaigdlitas (earwgrm au rlmjrlkt).

G nurg 7.< gprlslitg g grqujtlturg ml udg gpcjkga usgima H[E. Ilssl damlca a prprja

ergdlwaro h prav vrjgs tgrlegs ml eardg gutadtjkg, v jsta qul vrjas kadpailitls sa

gutadgtjkgdlitl jistgcgmas. \d lxldpca a Egkls [lrvclt, pgrtl jitlnrgitl ma H[E l qul

egz a pgplc ml kaitracgmar ig grqujtlturg DUK.

Lssl [lrvclt lst pranrgdgma pgrg, ml eardg gutadtjkg, rlkl`lr a rlsuctgma ml dtamas

ma damlca kada udg [trjin l usgr slu vgcar kada iadl ml tlcg pgrg gaiml a sjstldg mlvl

slr rlmjrlkjaigma. Jssa kfgdgma ml igvlnga jdpckjtg.

Autrg tgrleg gutadgtjkgdlitl eljtg a prllikfjdlita mas mgmas pravlijlitls ml eardu-

crjas mjrltgdlitl ld gtrj`utas ml kadpailitls (kfgdgmas Dgignlm @lgis). Lssls mgmas

sa tgd`d, gutadgtjkgdlitl, kaivlrtjmas (lxldpca, strjin pgrg jitljra) l vgcjmgmas.

G nurg 7.5 dastrg g grqujtlturg H[E kad dgjs mltgcfls, gprlslitgima as kadpailitls qul

jitlrgnld pgrg g lxlkua ml udg gpcjkga.

Kaitljilr

Earducrja

Plqulst

Plspaisl

Egkls[lrvclt

Dgignlm @lgis

KadpailitlKadpailitl

Kadpailitl

@M

EG[L[

VF]DCEgklclts

Ejnurg 7.=GrqujtlturgGpcjkga wl`8h[R/[lrvclts.

Ejnurg 7.


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77

Kgptuca7-Jitramua

Damlca

Kaitljilr

Earducrja

Plqulst

Plspaisl

Egkls[lrvclt

Dgignlm @lgis

KadpailitlKadpailitl

KadpailitlKaivlrsar

Ugcjmgmar

@M

EG[L[

VF]DCEgklclts

PLIMLPLP

Ld rlcga s gpcjkgls trgmjkjaigjs usgima [lrvclts/H[R, plrkl`l-sl qul a H[R passuj

dujta dgjs euikjaigcjmgmls ldùtjmgs, qul tarigd a mlslivacvjdlita dgjs lkjlitl, kada

par lxldpca8

7 Plkuplrga ml mgmas mg rlqujsja8 liqugita ld udg gpcjkga trgmjkjaigc mlvl-slleltugr vrjgs kfgdgmgs g rlqulst.nltRgrgdltlr(), ld H[E as mgmas sa gutadgtjkg-

dlitl gtrjùmas g gtrjùtas ml ud Dgignlm @lgi?

7 Kaivlrsa gutadtjkg ml mgmas mg rlqujsja8 g kfgdgmg g rlqulst.nltRgrgdltlr()

sldprl rltarig udg [trjin, qul mlvl slr kaivlrtjmg pgrg a tjpa karrlta mlitra mg gpcj-kga. Ld H[E lssg kaivlrsa eljtg ml eardg gutadtjkg?

7 Igvlnga jdpckjtg8 ld udg gpcjkga trgmjkjaigc mlvl-sl leltugr earwgrm au rlmjrlktpgrg sl igvlngr litrl H[Rs l [lrvclts. Ld H[E, usgima-sl igvlnga jdpckjtg. A rltaria

ml ud dtama ma Dgignlm @lgi h jimjkg pgrg gaiml g gpcjkga mlvl slr rlmjrlkjaigmg,

sld qul ilifud kmjna slhg ilklssrja.

qGpcjkga ]rgmjkjaigc x H[E7 H[E passuj dujtgs euikjaigcjmgmls jdpckjtgs, par lxldpca8

0 Plkuplrga ml mgmas mg rlqujsja?

0 Kaivlrsa gutadtjkg ml mgmas mg rlqujsja?0 Igvlnga jdpckjtg.

As kadpailitls grqujtlturgjs ml udg gpcjkga wl` usgima H[E sa8

q7 Egkls[lrvclt8 slrvclt prjikjpgc, qul rlkl`l tamgs gs rlqujsjls ma H[E. RgmraEraitKaitracclr?

7 Plimlrlr8 kadpailitl rlspaisvlc par trgmuzjr udg litrgmg ml kadpailitl ldrlprlslitga jitlrig l tgd`d par lxj`jr ud kadpailitl?

7 VF]DC8 grqujva qul mlskrlvl kada gs pnjigs slra rlimlrjzgmgs, usgima Egklclts?

7 Kaivlrsar8 kadpailitls usgmas pgrg kaivlrtlr lcldlitas ml [trjin pgrg A`hlta (ig

rlqujsja) l ml A`hlta pgrg [trjin (ig rlspastg)?

Ejnurg 7.5Grqujtlturg

Gpcjkga wl` H[E.


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70


q7 Ugcjmgmar8 kadpailitls usgmas pgrg vgcjmgr sl ud kadpailitl passuj ud vgcar vcjma?7 Dgignlm @lgi8 `lgi qul lxlkutg g cnjkg ma ilnkja l kaitracg g igvlnga

litrl pnjigs?

7 Damlca8 lgis ml rlprlslitga ml mgmas. Lxldpca8 litjmgmls dgplgmgs usgimaelrrgdlitgs pgrg plrsjstikjg ml mgmas.

G nurg 7.5 gprlslitg g lstruturg ml mjrltrjas ml udg gpcjkga H[E (likgpsucgmg mlitra ml

ud grqujva .wgr).

gpp

Rnjigs F]DC, VF]DC, K[[, H[

wl`.xdc

egkls-kain.xdc

`lgis.xdc

kcgssls

Grqujvas.kcgss

cj`

@j`cjatlkgs

^L@-JIE

Kainurga gpp wl`

Kainurga H[E, vgzja ia usa ml Giatgls

Gtjvga ma KMJ, grqujva vgzja

Mjrltrja kaitlima [lrvclts,kcgssls, `lgis, MGAs, ltk

Mjrltrja kaitlima as HGP[mgs `j`cjatlkgs

Rnjigs F]DC, VF]DC, K[[, H[,paml-sl krjgr su`mjrltrjas

Rrjdljra prahlta

Rgrg sl jijkjgr ud prahlta usgima a H[E, `gstg slclkjaigr, ia igc mg krjga ma prahlta, a

ergdlwaro Hgvg[lrvlr Egkls. Ilstg slssa slr krjgma ud prahlta sjdpcls, sadlitl kad g

pnjig mleguct krjgmg plca Ilt`lgis. As pgssas sa8

7. Jijkjgr a Ilt`lgis?

0. Lskacflr Dliu Grqujva | Iava Rrahlta?

;. Lskacflr Kgtlnarjg Hgvg l` l Rrahlta Gpcjkga l`?

=. Rrlssjaigr Rrxjda?

. Lskacflr a [lrvjmar NcgssEjsf [lrvlr?

6. Rrlssjaigr Rrxjda?

:. Lskacflr a Ergdlwaro Hgvg[lrvlr Egkls?

72. Rrlssjaigr Ejigcjzgr?

77. Lxlkutgr a Rrahlta.

Ejnurg 7.>Lstruturg ml udgGpcjkga H[E.


29/210

7;

Kgptuca7-Jitramua

Kadpgrga [lrvclts l H[E

G slnujr, slra gprlslitgmgs mugs jdpcldlitgls ml ud sjstldg sjdpcls, qul rlkl`l

ud idlra l ud tlxta litrgmas plca usurja pgrg ld slnujmg gprlslitgr a qugmrgma ma

idlra l a tlxta ld kgjxg-gctg (cltrgs dgjskucgs). A a`hltjva kadpgrgr gs mugs prjikjpgjs

tlkiacanjgs usgmgs ia mlslivacvjdlita ml sjstldgs8 slrvclts/H[R l H[E.

Gpcjkga [lrvclts

\dg gpcjkga usgima [lrvclts eardgmg par pnjigs ld H[R (usgima gs `j`cjatlkgs ml tgns

H[]C/LC), qul jitlrgnld kad a usurja, l [lrv clts pgrg leltugr a praklssgdlita mlssgs

pnjigs. Gplsgr ml sl pamlr egzlr tama a praklssgdlita ld pnjigs H[R, jssa ia rlka-

dlimgma, pajs kad a pgssgr ma tldpa a sjstldg paml krlsklr l g dgiutlia mgs pnjigs

gkg`g sl tarigima jivjvlc. [l a pranrgdgmar qujslr usgr DUK l Erait Kaitracclr, lcl mlvl

jdpcldlitgr dgiugcdlitl.

G slnujr, a kmjna jimlx.hsp ml ud sjstldg sjdpcls.

3eard gktjai4Rraklssgr dltfam4past9

3tg`cl9

3tr9

3tm9]lxta Rraklssgma83/tm9

3tm93k8aut vgcul4${tlxta} /93/tm9

3/tr9

3tr9

3tm9Idlra Rraklssgma83/tm9

3tm93k8aut vgcul4${iudlra} /93/tm9

3/tr9

3tr9

3tm9]lxta83/tm9 3tm93jiput typl4tlxt igdl4tlxta vgcul4${tlxta} /9

3k8je tlst4${iat ldpty tlxtaPlqulrjma}9

3spgi stycl4kacar8 rlm9

3k8aut vgcul4${tlxtaPlqulrjma} /9

3/spgi9

3/k8je9

3/tm9

3/tr9

3tr9

3tm9Idlra83/tm9

3tm93jiput typl4tlxt igdl4iudlra vgcul4${iudlra} /9 3k8je tlst4${iat ldpty iudlraPlqulrjma}9

3spgi stycl4kacar8 rlm9

3k8aut vgcul4${iudlraPlqulrjma} /9

3/spgi9

3/k8je9

3/tm9

3/tr9

3tr9


30/210

7=


3tm93jiput typl4su`djt vgcul4Rraklssgr /93/tm9

3tm93/tm9

3/tr9

3/tg`cl9

3/eard9

G slnujr a kmjna [lrcvlt Rraklssgr.hgvg ma sjstldg.

B^l`[lrvclt(igdl 4 Rraklssgr, urcRgttlris 4 {/Rraklssgr})

pu`cjk kcgss Rraklssgr lxtlims Fttp[lrvclt {

pratlktlm vajm praklssPlqulst(Fttp[lrvcltPlqulst rlqulst,

Fttp[lrvcltPlspaisl rlspaisl)

tfraws [lrvcltLxklptjai, JALxklptjai {

[trjin tlxta 4 rlqulst.nltRgrgdltlr(tlxta)?

[trjin iudlra 4 rlqulst.nltRgrgdltlr(iudlra)?

je (tlxta 44 iucc || .lqugcs(tlxta.trjd())) {

rlqulst.sltGttrjùtl(tlxtaPlqulrjma,

]lxta a`rjngtrja)?

PlqulstMjspgtkflr rm 4 nlt[lrvcltKaitlxt().

nltPlqulstMjspgtkflr(/jimlx.hsp)?

rm.earwgrm(rlqulst, rlspaisl)?

}

je (iudlra 44 iucc || .lqugcs(iudlra.trjd())) {

rlqulst.sltGttrjùtl(iudlraPlqulrjma,

Idlra a`rjngtrja)?



rm.earwgrm(rlqulst, rlspaisl)? }

jit ir 4 2?

try {

ir 4 Jitlnlr.pgrslJit(iudlra)?

}

kgtkf (Iud`lrEardgtLxklptjai l) {

rlqulst.sltGttrj utl(iudlraPlqulrjma, Idlra jivcjma)?




} ////// Leltjva praklssgdlita mas mgmas

ir 4 ir * ir?

tlxta 4 tlxta.ta\pplrKgsl()?

/////

rlqulst.sltGttrj utl(tlxta, tlxta)?

rlqulst.sltGttrjùtl(iudlra, [trjin.vgculAe(ir))?




}


31/210

7

Kgptuca0-Hgvg[lrvlrEgklsJitramu

a

a`hltjvas

kaikljtas

0Hgvg [lrvlr Egkls Jitramua

Kaiflklr as lcldlitas mg grqujtlturg ma H[E l a kjkca ml vjmg ml slus kadpailitls.

Jihla ml Mlplimikjg? Jivlrsa ml Kaitracl? KMJ? Dgignlm @lgis? RAHA? Gls?

Lskapas? Plqujsjls? Kadpailitls? Igvlnga.

Kaieardl vjsta ig slssa gitlrjar, H[E ( Hgvg [lrvlr Egkls) ud mas prjikjpgjs ergdlwaros

mjspaivljs ia dlrkgma pgrg mlslivacvjdlita ld Hgvg pgrg wl`. Gtugcdlitl, pgr tl jitl-

nrgitl mg lsplkjkga Hgvg LL (g pgrtjr mg vlrsa 5) l, partgita, tamas as slrvjmarls Hgvg LL

klrtjkgmas a supartgd.

H[E trgz pgrg a mlslivacvlmar gs egkjcjmgmls ma mlslivacvjdlita usgima as pgmrls ml

prahlta Erait Kaitracclr l DUK (Damlc-Ujlw-Kaitracclr). Lssls majs pgmrls sa rlspais-

vljs par tamg g egkjcjmgml l gnjcjmgml ia mlslivacvjdlita ld H[E. Gcd mjssa, a supartl g

vrjgs aplrgls, lxtlisls l kustadjzgls tarigd a H[E udg apa gctgdlitl rlkadli-

mvlc pgrg prahltas wl` ld Hgvg.

A mlslivacvjdlita `gslgma ld kadpailitls autra `lilekja qul sl a`td ma usa ml

H[E. Mlslivacvlr usgima ud ergdlwaro qul supartg kadpailitjzga l lvlitas egvarlkl g

dgiutlij`jcjmgml l lxtlisj`jcjmgml ma sjstldg. Ld gpcjkgls karpargtjvgs, aiml a vacudl

ml euikjaigcjmgmls ld nlrgc nrgiml l aiml sl egz ilklssrja ud gd`jlitl qul supartl

gnrlnga ml autras rlqujsjtas, as ergdlwaros td ud pgplc klitrgc ig kaistrua ml

sjstldgs lxvljs.

Autra paita rlclvgitl a egta ml qul dujtgs euikjaigcjmgmls ilklssrjgs g sjstldgs kar-

pargtjvas, tgjs kada plrsjstikjg, trgisgls l vgcjmgls, h lsta praitgs, pamlima slr

usgmgs l plrsaigcjzgmgs kaieardl g ilklssjmgml ma kcjlitl.

Jihla ml Mlplimikjg l Jivlrsa ml Kaitracl

A damlca ml pranrgdga usgma ld gpcjkgls Hgvg LL lvacuju dujta mlsml slu cgigdlita.

Fahl ld mjg sl egz dujta pauka usa ml grqujvas VDC pgrg kainurga ml gpcjkgls l

mlskrjtarls ml jdpcgitga. A gmvlita mgs giatgls (kada pgmra ia Hgvg


34/210

76


Autra damlca ml pranrgdga qul trauxl nrgiml gnjcjmgml ia mlslivacvjdlita eaj g Jihla

ml Mlplimikjgs, qul paml slr mlskrjta kada8 slhg ud kadpailitl, kfgdgma G, qul

mlpliml (passuj kada gtrj`utas, par lxldpca) ml @ l K. Rgrg qul G euikjail, ilklssrja tlr

udg jistikjg ml @ l udg jistikjg ml K, kaieardl jcustrg g nurg 0.7.

G kaislnul @ l Kpgrg pamlr lxlkutgr

@

K

G

\d kmjna passvlc pgrg mlskrlvlr lssl pra`cldg paml slr vjs ta g slnujr8

pu`cjk kcgss KadpailitlG {

prjvgtl Kadpailitl@ `? prjvgtl KadpailitlK k?

pu`cjk vajm aplrgkga() {

` 4 ilw Kadpailitl@()?

k 4 ilw KadpailitlK()?

// leltug aplrga qul mlpliml ml @ l K

`.gcnudgKajsg()?

k.autrgKajsg()?

}

}

Rlrkl`l-sl qul g krjga mas kadpailitls @ l K lst slima eljtg gtrgvs mg jistgikjga

(ilw), dgs ia sl tld ngrgitjg ml qul lstg g eardg karrltg ml a`t- cas, ild sl udg

eardg sukjlitl. Dujtas kadpailitls, pgrg slrld krjgmas, mlvld slr nlrjmas plca slrvjmar

au mlvld vjr prlvjgdlitl kainurgmas, a qul egz kad qul g jistgikjga ia slhg su-

kjlitl. a kgsa ml eaitls ml mgmas, nlrlikjgmgs plcas slrvjmarls ml gpcjkga.

Gcd mjssa, gcd mg mlplimikjg ld sj (kadpailitl G prlkjsgr ml @ l K pgrg euikjaigr),

elrl-sl ud nrgvl prjikpja qul a ml `gjxa gkapcgdlita, egzlima kad qul G sgj`g lxgtg-

dlitl kada krjgr (au a`tlr) @ l K, kad tamgs gs sugs pgrt jkucgrjmgmls.

\dg sacua pgrg lssl pra`cldg jivlrtlr a kaitracl (JaK Jivlrsjai ae Kaitrac). Js ta ,

ld vlz mg rlspaisg`jcjmgml ld likaitrgr as kadpailitls @ l K slr ma kadpailitl qulmlpliml mlcls (ia kgsa G), egz-sl kad qul lssgs mlplimikjgs slhgd prllikfjmgs ml eardg

gutadtjkg. Lssl a prjikpja ml Faccywaam8 Ia ias cjnul, is cjngdas pgrg vak!. Lssg

rlsacua ml mlplimikjgs mlvl gkaitlklr ld tldpa ml lxlkua l as kadpailitls,

gnarg, lsta mlsgkapcgmas.

Ejnurg 0.7Mlplimikjgs.


35/210

7:


a

qJivlrsa ml Kaitracl JaK87 Rrjikpja ml Faccywaam8 Ia ias cjnul, is cjngrldas.?

7 Livacvl mlplimikjg ml kadpailitls?

7 Akarrl ld tldpa ml lxlkua?

7 Ld vlz ml a a`hlta mlplimlitl kaislnujr gs rlelrikjgs, likaitrgr ud dlja ml

prllikf-cgs ml eardg mlsgkapcgmg?7 Kadpailitl ia prlkjsg sg`lr mltgcfls ml kada krjgr gs mlplimikjgs.

G jivlrsa ml kaitracl paml gkaitlklr ml vrjgs eardgs, kaieardl vlrldas g slnujr.

G Rrakurg par Mlplimikjg, aiml a kadpailitl jdpcldlitg udg dgiljrg nlirjkg ml

sl a`tlr gs mlplimikjgs, paml slr ml majs tjpas8 Mlplimlik y Rucc (MR) l Kaitlxtugcjzlm

Mlplimliky Caaoup (KMC).

Mlplimliky Rucc (MR)

Aiml gs mlplimikjgs sa a`tjmgs gtrgvs ml ud rlnjstra klitrgc, kada ud rlpasjtrja ia

slrvjmar, par lxldpca8

pu`cjk kcgss ]lstl {

pu`cjk vajm tlstgr() {

Plnjstry rlnjstra 4 nltPlnjstry()?

JitlregklMlplimlikjg J 4

rlnjstra.nltJistgikl(mlplimlikjg)?

}

}

Kaitlxtugcjzlm Mlplimliky Caaoup (KMC)

A kadpailitl jdpcldlitg udg jitlregkl lsplkkg, jimjkgima ga kaitjilr qul udg

mlplimikjg mlvl slr a`tjmg gtrgvs mg kfgdgmg ml ud dtama lsplkka (mg jitlregkl)

par lxldpca8

pu`cjk jitlregkl DgignlmKadpailit {

pu`cjk vajm plreardCaaoup(Kaitljilr kaitljilr)?

}

pu`cjk kcgss ]lstl jdpcldlits DgignlmKadpailit {

prjvgtl Mlplimlikjg mlp?

pu`cjk vajm plreardCaaoup(Kaitljilr kaitljilr) {

tfjs.mlp 4 (Mlplimlikjg)kaitljilr.

nltMlplimliky(djifgMlplimlikjg)? }

}

H g Jihla ml Mlplimikjgs, aiml a kadpailitl ia sl prlakupg kad gs mlplimikjgs,

lssgs prlkjsgd slr jihltgmgs ml gcnudg eardg. [l eljtg ml eardg karrltg, kaislnuld-sl

dmucas pcunvljs l lxtlisvljs ig gpcjkga. Ia lxldpca g slnujr as kadpailitls ` l k

sa usgmas sld sl prlakupgr kad sug krjga au a`tlia.


36/210

02


pu`cjk kcgss KadpailitlG {

prjvgtl Kadpailitl@ `?

prjvgtl KadpailitlK k?

pu`cjk vajm aplrgkga() {

// leltug aplrga qul mlpliml ml @ l K

// @ l K h lxjstld `.gcnudgKajsg()?

k.autrgKajsg()?

}

}

q]rs tjpas ml Jihla ml Mlplimikjg (Mlplimliky Jihlktjai MJ) 87 Ujg Kaistrutar8 pgssg-sl as rlkursas kada pgrdltra ia kaistrutar mg kcgssl qul

ilklssjtg mlcls (sa jihltgmgs plca kaitjilr)?

7 Ujg gtrj`uta8 gtrgvs ma dtama slt ml gcnud gtrj`uta mg kcgssl, gssjd a kaitljilrpaml jihltgr gs mlplimikjgs?

7 Ujg Jitlregkl8 a kadpailitl jdpcldlitg udg jitlregkl jimjkgima qul a kaitjilrmlvl jihltgr udg mlplimikjg.

Gt g vlrsa Hgvg LL < lrg passvlc, ml eardg gutadtjkg, sl egzlr jihla ml rlkursas ld

udg gpcjkga8 lH@s, Mgtg[aurkls, Rlrsjstlikl \ijts ltk. G pgr tjr mg vlrsa Hgvg LL 5, eaj

jitramuzjma a KMJ (Kaitlxts gim Mlplimliky Jihlktjai), qul udg lsplkjkga pgrg

kaitracl ml jihla ml mlplimikjgs ml eardg nlrgc (ia s ml rlkursas), ml eardg pgmraij-

zgmg. A KMJ mlijma plcg H[P 0::.

qKMJ Jihla ml Mlplimikjg l Kaitlxtas87 Kaitlxtas8 g kgpgkjmgml ml cjngr ud kadpailitl g ud kjkca ml vjmg, `ld kada g

kadpartgdlitas ml lstgma ilssl kjkca ml vjmg?

7 Jihla ml Mlplimikjgs8 kgpgkjmgml ml jihltgr jistikjgs ml kadpailitls, tjpgmgs,ml eardg pgmraijzgmg.

A KMJ trgtg jihla ml mlplimikjgs ml eardg nlrgc, aiml qugcqulr kadpailitl paml slr

jihltgma. A usa mg giatga BJihlkt egkjcjtg g clnj`jcjmgml ma kmjna l g sug lxj`jcjmgml,

mljxgima mlkjsls ml a qul mlvl slr jihltgma pgrg a kaitjilr.

Rgrg qul a KMJ slhg fg`jcjtgma ld slu prahlta, mlvl-sl krjgr a grqujva vgzja `lgis.xdc. [ g

prlslig mlssl grqujva h jimjkjg ga kaitjilr qul a KMJ eaj gtjvgma l tamgs gs sugs egkjcj-

mgmls lstgra mjspaivljs.

qHgvg LL


37/210

07


a

VF]DC l Dgignlm @lgis

As @lgis Nlrlikjgmas (ma jincs8 Dgignlm @lgis8 D@) sa kadpailitls euimgdlitgjs

mlitra mg grqujtlturg ma H[E. [a lcls qul earilkld mgmas qul slra lxj`jmas igs pnjigs,

rlkl`ld as mgmas livjgmas ld rlqujsjls l lxlkutgd tgrlegs rlelrlitls g gls ma usurja.

As D@s sa kcgssls Hgvg qul ia flrmgd ild jdpcldlitgd ilifud t jpa ml `j`cjatlkg, par-

tgita kaiflkjmgs kada RAHA (Rcgji-Acm Hgvg A`hlkts). Rgrg mlijr udg kcgssl kada ud D@,mlvl-sl giat-cg kad BIgdlm (pgkatl hgvgx.jihlkt.Igdlm), jimjkgima qul lstgr mjspaivlc

ia VF]DC gtrgvs ml lxprlssls LC (Lxprlssjai Cginugnl).

A kjkca ml vjmg mlssls a`hltas kaitracgma plca [lrvjmar/Ergdlwaro l lssl dgjs ud

gsplktas qul tarig gtrgtjva a usa ma H[E, pajs ia mljxg g rlspaisg`jcjmgml ml krjga l

rldaa mas a`hltas pgrg a pranrgdgmar.

jdpart hgvgx.jihlkt.Igdlm?

BIgdlm

BPlqulst[kaplm

pu`cjk kcgss Lxldpca@lgi {

prjvgtl [trjin tlxta?

pu`cjk [trjin nlt]lxta() {

rlturi tlxta?

}

pu`cjk vajm slt]lxta([trjin tlxta) {

tfjs.tlxta 4 tlxta?

}

}

Rgrg mjspaij`jcjzgr as mgmas ml ud D@ ig tlcg l tgd`d pgrg jitlrgnjr kad a usurja,

lskrlvl-sl ud grqujva VF]DC. Lssl grqujva passuj tgns F]DC l tgd`d tgns ma H[E. ]uma

qul lstjvlr cjngma ga H[E slr praklssgma mlitra ma kjkca ml vjmg mg rlqujsja.

Lssl praklssa ml pgmraijzga ma VF]DC prav g lxj`ja ml udg pnjig wlìlssl

eardgta par mjvlrsas mjspasjtjvas (tlclvjsa, pgcd, klcucgrltk.), gcd mg dlcfargrjg mg gkls-

sj`jcjmgmlma kaitlma. G prjikjpgc mjelrlig litrl VF]DC l F]DC qul a prjdljra VDC

vcjma, liqugita a slnuima passuj sjitgxl prprjg. Gdàs passuld slitjma slditjka.

G slnujr tldas a VF]DC usgma pgrg gprlslitgr as mgmas ma D@ gitlrjar.

3ftdc xdcis4fttp8//www.w;.arn/7:::/xftdc

xdcis8f4fttp8//hgvg.sui.kad/hse/ftdc9

3f8flgm93tjtcl9Lxldpca3/tjtcl93/f8flgm9

3f8àmy9 ]lxta8 #{[email protected]}

3f8eard9

3f8jiput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} /9

3f8kaddgim@uttai vgcul4Gctlrgr /9

3/f8eard9

3/f8àmy9

3/ftdc9

VF]DC

lVtlisj`cl FyplrtlxtDgroup Cginugnl,

udg rlearducgamg cjinugnld mldgrkga F]DC,

`gslgmg ld VDC.Kad`jig gs tgns ml

dgrkga F]DC kadrlnrgs mg VDC.


38/210

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A kjkca ml vjmg ma praklssgdlita ml udg rlqujsja ilssl lxldpca dastrgma ig nurg 0.0.

Ilssl kgsa, mlpajs qul a earducrja dastrgma pgrg a usurja, lcl paml prllikflr as

mgmas l prlssjaigr a `ata Gctlrgr. Wugima lssg rlqujsja kflng ga slrvjmar, udg rlprl-

slitga jitlrig mg pnjig VF]DC (rvarl ml kadpailitls) a`tjmg. \dg jistikjg ma D@

tgd`d a`tjmg (krjgmg au rlkuplrgmg, mlplimlima mgs lsplkjkgls ml kaitlxtas). As

mgmas qul sa livjgmas ig rlqujsja (kgdpas ma earducrja) sa a`tjmas l prllikfjmas

ia D@. Ld slnujmg, kada lst slima dastrgmg g dlsdg pnjig, as kgdpas ig rlprlsli -

tga sa prllikfjmas l livjgmas pgrg a kcjlitl (igvlngmar).

[lrvjmar / H[E

VF]DC

H[E a`tdjistikjg ma D@

H[E a`td as mgmas mgrlqujsja l prllikfl a D@

H[E livjg g tlcgpgrg a `rawslr

VF]DC

Kcjlitl / @rawslr

VF]DC

\surja mjnjtgMgmas

\surja prlssjaigGctlrgr

H[E prllikfl as mgmas ma D@ig rlprlslitga ma VF]DC

Kada lxlrkkja, pamldas krjgr udg iavg gpcjkga ml iadl LxldpcaH[E7 (ia lsqulklr ml

gmjkjaigr a Ergdlwaro Hgvg[lrvlr Egkls ia prahlta). As pgssas pgrg g krjga ma prahlta sa8

7 G`rjr a Ilt`lgis?

7 Dliu GPW\JUA | IAUA RPAHL]A?

7 Lskacflr Kgtlnarjg HGUG L@?

7 Lskacflr Rrahltas GRCJKGA ^L@?

7 Kcjkgr RPVJDA?

7 Gctlrgr a IADL MA RPAHL]A?

7 Kcjkgr RPVJDA?

7 Lskacflr a [LPUJMAP?

7 Kcjkgr RPVJDA?

7 Lskacflr a Ergdlwaro HGUG[LPULP EGKL[?

7 Kcjkgr ld EJIGCJXGP.

Ejnurg 0.0Kjkca ml Ujmg[jdpcjkgma.


39/210

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a

Rgrg krjgr ud Dgignlm @lgi, mlvl-sl8

7 Kcjkgr kad a àta mjrljta ma dausl sa`rl a Rrahlta?

7 Lskacflr Dliu IAUA | @LGI NLPLIKJGMAH[E?

7 Lskacflr a IADL MG KCG[[L?

7 Lskacflr a IADL MA RGKA]L?

7 Kcjkgr ld EJIGCJXGP.

Ilstl lxlrkkja, mlvl-sl krjgr ud Dgignlm @lgi (@lgi Nlrlikjgma H[E) ml iadl Lxldpca-

@lgi, kad a kmjna g slnujr.


BIgdlm

BPlqulst[kaplm




rlturi tlxta?

}


tfjs.tlxta 4 tlxta?

}

}

G slnujr, tld-sl a VF]DC usgma pgrg gprlslitgr as mgmas ma D@ gitlrjar l lssl kmjna

mlvl slr mjnjtgma ia grqujva jimlx.xftdc.



3f8flgm93tjtcl9Lxldpca3/tjtcl93/f8flgm9 3f8àmy9

]lxta8 #{[email protected]}

3f8eard9


3f8kaddgim@uttai vgcul4Gctlrgr /9

3/f8eard9

3/f8àmy9

3/ftdc9

Gps, kcjkgdas ld LVLK\]GP l tlstgdas g gpcjkga.

Gls

Ia lxldpca gitlrjar, ilifud tjpa ml ga lrg eljtg qugima a kcjlitl prlssjaigvg a ata

Gctlrgr. Rartgita, as mgmas lrgd su`dltjmas, prllikfjmas ia D@ l dastrgmas ig tlcg

iavgdlitl, sld qugcqulr tjpa ml praklssgdlita.

Rgrg qul ud dtama ma D@ slhg jivakgma qugima as mgmas sa su`dltjmas, usgdas a

gtrjùta gktjai mg tgn 3f8kaddgim@uttai /9. As dtamas jivakgmas pamld rltarigr vajm au

[trjin, qul mlild8

7 Pltaria vajm8 jimjkg qul g prxjdg pnjig g slr rlimlrjzgmg g dlsdg qul arjnjiau grlqujsja?


40/210

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7 Pltaria [trjin8 a vgcar mg [trjin (kaikgtligma kad.xftdc) a iadl mg prxjdg pnjig gslr rlimlrjzgmg.

Ia lxldpca g slnujr, a D@ passuj ud dtama kfgdgma kgjxgGctg() , qul rltarig vajm, jimj-

kgima qul g prxjdg pnjig g slr dastrgmg g dlsdg qul arjnjiau g rlqujsja.


BIgdlm

BPlqulst[kaplm




rlturi tlxta?

}


tfjs.tlxta 4 tlxta?

}

// slttlr/nlttlr ml tlxta

pu`cjk vajm kgjxgGctg() { tfjs.tlxta 4 tfjs.tlxta.ta\pplrKgsl()?

}

}

A VF]DC ilklssrja pgrg jivakgr a dtama kgjxgGctg( ) ma D@ lst dastrgma ia kmjna g

slnujr. Rlrkl`g qul a gtrjùta gktjai kaitd a iadl ma dtama g slr jivakgma. Lssl iava

kjkca ml vjmg paml slr vjsta ig nurg 0.;. Gitls ml g ga slr kfgdgmg, tamas as mgmas ma

D@ pravlijlitls mg rlqujsja (mjnjtgmas ig tlcg plca kcjlitl) sa prllikfjmas l g prxjdg

tlcg s praklssgmg gps g lxlkua mg ga.



3f8flgm93tjtcl9Lxldpca3/tjtcl93/f8flgm9

3f8àmy9

]lxta8 #{[email protected]}

3f8eard9


3f8kaddgim@uttai vgcul4Gctlrgr

gktjai4#{[email protected]} /9

3/f8eard9

3/f8àmy9

3/ftdc9


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a

BGppcjkgtjai[kaplm

Wugima ud D@ gssjigcgma kada passujmar ma lskapa mg gpcjkga, udg, l sadlitl udg

jistikjg krjgmg pgrg g gpcjkga tamg, l krjgmg gssjd qul a D@ ear usgma plcg prjdljrg

vlz (jistgikjga kaiflkjmg kada cgzy).

Lssg jistikjg dgitjmg gt g gpcjkga slr igcjzgmg l kadpgrtjcfgmg par tamas as usu-

rjas mg gpcjkga, jsta , sldprl qul rlqujsjtgma a dlsda `lgi rltarigma. Mlvl jdpcl-dlitgr [lrjgcjzg`cl. A qugmra dastrg ud lxldpca ml D@ kad lskapa mg gpcjkga.

jdpart hgvgx.litlrprjsl.kaitlxt.Gppcjkgtjai[kaplm?

BIgdlm

BGppcjkgtjai[kaplm

pu`cjk kcgss ]lstlD@ jdpcldlits [lrjgcjzg`cl {

}

BUjlw[kaplm

A lskapa ml vjsa lxjstl kada ud lskapa ma H[E, gmjkjaigma ia H[E 0, dgs ia lxjstl kada

lskapa ma KMJ. Ia H[E 0.0, eaj jitramuzjmg udg dgiljrg ml sl us-ca ia KMJ pgrg qul gs gpcj-

kgls passgd slr mlslivacvjmgs kad lstg euikjaigcjmgml.

Rgrg us-ca, a Dgignlm @lgi mlvl jdpartgr a Ujlw[kaplm ma H[E, qul g slnujitl kcgssl8

jdpart hgvgx.egkls.vjlw.Ujlw[kaplm?

Ilssl lskapa a D@ lxjstl liqugita a usurja ia sgjr mg pnjig, cld`rgima qul dtamas

ml ga ma D@ qul rltarigd vajm plrdgilkld ig dlsdg pnjig au vjsa. Wugima a

usurja dumg ml tlcg, a D@ mlskgrtgma.

Gssjd, D@s giatgmas kad lssl lskapa ia kadpgrtjcfgd mgmas litrl tlcgs au g`gs mjel -

rlitls ig dlsdg slssa? kgmg vjsa udg jistikjg mjelrlitl ma D@. A D@ mlvl jdpcl-dlitgr [lrjgcjzg`cl. A kmjna g slnujr dastrg ud lxldpca ml D@ kad lskapa ml vjsa.

jdpart hgvgx.egkls.vjlw.Ujlw[kaplm?

BIgdlm

BUjlw[kaplm


}

BKaivlrsgtjai[kaplm

A lskapa ml kaivlrsga dgjar qul udg rlqujsja l dliar qul udg slssa. A D@ lxjstl

kad ud jikja l d mltlrdjigmas pranrgdgtjkgdlitl, gtrgvs mg kfgdgmg ml dtamaslsplkkas mltlrdjigmas plca pranrgdgmar.

Ramldas egzlr vrjgs kfgdgmgs ga `lgi (lxldpca8 gGHG V) l as mgmas slra as dlsdas, l a

pranrgdgmar mlvl elkfgr pranrgdgtjkgdlitl g kaivlrsga.

Rgrg euikjaigr, mlvl-sl jihltgr ud a`hlta ma tjpa Kaivlrsgtjai. A jikja ma lskapa sl m plcg

kfgdgmg ma dtama lnji(), l a trdjia ma lskapa sl m plcg kfgdgmg ma dtama lim(). A D@

mlvl jdpcldlitgr [lrjgcjzg`cl. A kmjna g slnujr dastrg ud lxldpca ml lskapa ml kaivlrsga.


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jdpart hgvgx.litlrprjsl.kaitlxt.Kaivlrsgtjai[kaplm?

BIgdlm

BKaivlrsgtjai[kaplm


BJihlkt

prjvgtl Kaivlrsgtjai kaivlrsgtjai?

pu`cjk vajm jijtKaivlrsgtjai() { kaivlrsgtjai.`lnji()?

}

pu`cjk [trjin limKaivlrsgtjai() {

kaivlrsgtjai.lim()?

}

pu`cjk Kaivlrsgtjai nltKaivlrsgtjai() {

rlturi tfjs.kaivlrsgtjai?

}

}

B]rgisgktjai[kaplm

A lskapa ml trgisga eaj krjgma ia Hgvg LL > l usgima qugima ud D@ mlvl tlr g dlsdg

murga qul udg trgisga ma H]G ( Hgvg ]rgisgktjai GRJ).

BEcaw[kaplm

A lskapa ml uxa eaj krjgma ia Hgvg LL > l ud lskapa dgjar qul udg rlqujsja l dliar

qul udg slssa. Mlitra ml udg gpcjkga, pamldas mlijr vrjas uxas kad gs slnujitls

kgrgktlrstjkgs8

7 Kgmg uxa passuj vrjas iamas, litrl vjsls (VF]DC), kfgdgmgs ml euia ltk.?

7 \d uxa paml kfgdgr autras uxas?7 Rassuj ud paita ml litrgmg l vrjas paitas ml sgmg?

7 \d D@ ilssl lskapa lxjstl liqugita a uxa lstjvlr gtjva.

Rraklssgdlita ml udg Plqujsja

Wugima udg rlqujsja eljtg, rlkl`jmg plca Egkls[lrvclt. Lssl rlspaisvlc plca pra -

klssgdlita kadpclta mlssg rlqujsja, mlsml slu rlkl`jdlita gt qul g iavg tlcg passg

slr lxj`jmg. Lssl praklssgdlita pgssg par mjvlrsgs egsls l kgmg udg mlssgs egsls tld ud

a`hltjva lsplkka. Kaiflklr lssls pgssas lsslikjgc pgrg a mlslivacvlmar qul usg H[E.

G nurg 0.= dastrg ud mjgnrgdg mgs egsls l slu slqulikjgdlita, lxlkutgmgs plca Egkls[lr-vclt. G slnujr, slra mltgcfgmgs tamgs gs egsls l a praklssgdlita rlgcjzgma ld kgmg udg mlcgs.

Lssl lskapa jmlgcpgrg rlprlslitgrwjzgrms (kaihuita mltlcgs qul ghumgd ausurja g lxlkutgrgcnudg tgrleg, udgssjstlitl) l uxas mlaplrga. \d mltgcfljdpartgitl qul a D@

mlvl slr slrjgcjzvlc(jdpcldlitgr [lrjgcj-zg`cl).

c


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a

Plspaislkadpcltl

Plspaislkadpcltl

Plspaislkadpcltl

Plspaislkadpcltl

Egkls Plspaisl PlimlrPlspaisl

RraklssLvlits

RraklssLvlits

RraklssLvlits

RraklssLvlits

PlstarlUjlw

GppcyPlqulsts

RraklssUgcjmgtjai

JivaolGppcjkgtjai

\pmgtlDamlcUgculs

Ugcjmgtjai/Kaivlrsjai Lrrars/Plimlr Plspaisl

Kaivlrsjai Lrrar/Plimlr Plspaisl

Egkls Plqulst

PlimlrPlspaisl

Rraklss Lvlits

As vrjas pgssas kfgdgmas Rraklss Lvlits ig nurg sa paitas ld qul a H[E paml mlsvjgr a

uxa mg gpcjkga, pgrg ia slnujr a praklssgdlita iardgc. Jssa sl m par kaitg ml lrras

(lxldpca8 vgcjmga ml mgmas), tjpa ml rlqujsja (lxldpca8 prjdljrg rlqujsja ld vlz ml

past`gko) l par kaitg ml kfgdgmg vacuitrjg ma pranrgdgmar. Ilssl kgsa, ld udg

kfgdgmg g EgklsKaitlxt.rlspaislKadpcltl().

Wugima g gpcjkga prlkjsg rlmjrlkjaigr pgrg udg pnjig lxtlrig au udg pnjig qul ia

lstlhg slima trgtgmg plca H[E, prlkjsg-sl jimjkgr qul a H[E ia mlvl rlimlrjzgr g sgmg kai-

eardl uxa iardgc mg rlqujsja. Jssa eljta gtrgvs mg kfgdgmg g rlspaislKadpcltl().

Plstarl UjlwLssg g prjdljrg egsl ma praklssgdlita ml udg rlqujsja ld H[E. Mugs sjtugls pamld

akarrlr8 slr g prjdljrg rlqujsja pnjig au slr autrg rlqujsja (kfgdgma ml past`gko).

Ia kgsa ml udg prjdljrg rlqujsja, g rvarl ml kadpailitls qul rlprlslitg g tlcg

krjgmg l grdgzligmg ia EgklsKaitlxt, kad mgmas vgzjas, l a uxa rlmjrlkjaigma pgrg g

egsl ml Plimlr Plspaisl, rlspaisvlc par livj- cg pgrg a kcjlitl.

Ia kgsa ml past`gko, udg rlprlslitga mg rvarl ml kadpailitls h lxjstl, l sadlitl

rlkuplrgmg l rlkaistrumg. Kaivlrsarls, Ugcjmgmls au Plimlrjzgmarls kustadjzgmas, qugima

gilxgmas g kadpailitls, sa tgd`d rlstgurgmas. Gps jssa, g prxjdg egsl jivakgmg.

Ld qugcqulr ud mas kgsas, g rvarl ml kadpailitls krjgmg prlkjsg slr grdgzligmg pgrgpastlrjar rlkuplrga. Lxjstld mugs tkijkgs, qul paml slr kainurgmg ia grqujva wl`.xdc8

7 Kcjlitl8 a lstgma mg tlcg (Ujlw[tgtl) grdgzligma ld ud kgdpa fjmmli ig tlcg (F]DC)?

7 [lrvjmar8 a lstgma mg tlcg grdgzligma ig slssa ma usurja.

Ld qugcqulr kgsa, egz-sl ilklssrja grdgzligr lssl lstgma pgrg sl kaislnujr a kadpar-

tgdlita stgtleuc ma H[E, vjsta qul F]DC, arjnjigcdlitl, ia grdgzlig lstgma ml ilifud

kadpailitl (stgtlclss). Autra paita jdpartgitl g ra`ustlz ma H[E. [l a lstgma mg pnjig

ia grdgzligma, ia f dlkgijsda ml vlrjkga jimjkgima sl gcnudg rlqujsja F]]R

eaj jitlrklptgmg l slus gtr j`utas gctlrgmas (kada par lxldpca, kgdpas mlsg`jcjtgmas,

sadlitl ml cljturg ltk.).

Ejnurg 0.=Kjkca ml Ujmg ml

udg Plqujsja H[E.


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A kmjna g slnujr gprlslitg ud trlkfa lxldpca ml pnjig VF]DC, l g nurg 0.


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a

A rltaria ma dtama gssakjgma ga gtrjùta gktjai mltlrdjig qugc g prxjdg pnjig g slr

rlimlrjzgmg. [l a rltaria ma dtama ear vajm au iucc, lita plrdgilkl ig dlsdg pnjig.

[l ear udg [trjin, lstg a iadl mg pnjig (gkrlskjmg ml.xftdc) qul mlvlr slr rlimlrjzgmg.

Plimlr Plspaisl

Egsl ig qugc g prxjdg tlcg rlimlrjzgmg l livjgmg ga kcjlitl. [l g gpcjkga sl dgitjvlr

ig dlsdg pnjig, sug rlprlslitga h kaiflkjmg, slu iava lstgma grdgzligma l kgmgkadpailitl kaivlrtjma pgrg F]DC, pgrg qul passg slr livjgma ga kcjlitl.

[l udg iavg pnjig prlkjsgr slr nlrgmg, udg iavg r varl ml kadpailitls krjgmg l lstg

rlprlslitga grdgzligmg, pgrg qul ig prxjdg rlqujsja passg slr rlkuplrgmg.

[l fauvlr gcnudg dlisgnld ml lrra ia kaitlxta mg rlqujsja l sl fauvlr tgns

3f8dlssgnl9au 3f8dlssgnls9, lssgs dlisgnlis tgd`d sa rlimlrjzgmgs ia F]DC rlsuc-

tgitl pgrg a kcjlitl.

Kjkca ml vjmg sjdpcjejkgma

As kjkcas ml v jmg sjdpcjkgmas gprlslitgmas gitlrjardlitl sa udg dgiljrg ml litlimlr,ml eardg kaistrutjvg, a kjkca ml vjmg ml udg gpcjkga H[E. Dlsda qul a earducrja

(3f8kaddgim@uttai9, par lxldpca) ia kaitlifg g jimjkga ml lxlkua ml ud dtama ma

D@, g egsl Jivaol Gppcjkgtjai gjimg slr kfgdgmg, vjsta qul ilssg egsl qul a H[E mlska`rl

qugc slr g prxjdg tlcg g slr rlimlrjzgmg pgrg a usurja.

Igvlnga

G igvlnga litrl tlcgs ml udg gpcjkga H[E ud dlkgijsda sastjkgma, dgs sjdpcls

ml jdpcldlitgr l litlimlr. ]uma `gslgma ld ud sjigc livjgma pgrg a H[E, kfgdgma

autkadl. Rar lxldpca, sl udg pnjig passuj ud cjio pgrg udg slnuimg pnjig, livjg-sl a

autkadl slnuimg pgrg a H[E l a usurja slr rlmjrlkjaigma pgrg g pnjig slnuimg.xftdc.Gssjd, a autkadl igmg dgjs ma qul a iadl mg pnjig sld g lxtlisa.xftdc.

As kadpailitls vjsugjs qul egzld trgisja litrl pnjigs sa as kadpailitls ml ga

3f8kaddgim@uttai9 l 3f8kaddgimCjio9, l as kadpailitls ml rlmjrlkjaigdlita 3f8ùttai9

l 3f8cjio9.Rgrg sl mlijr a autkadl ias prjdljras (3f8kaddgim@uttai9l 3f8kaddgimCjio9),

usg-sl a gtrjùta gktjai. Ias slnuimas (3f8ùttai9 l 3f8cjio9),

a gtrjùta autkadl.

qKadpailitls vjsugjs87 Ml ga8 3f8kaddgim@uttai9, 3f8kaddgimCjio9

0 Autkadl mlijma ia gtrjùta gktjai.7 Ml rlmjrlkjaigdlita8 3f8ùttai9, 3f8cjio9

0 Autkadl mlijma ia gtrjùta autkadl.

7 Rar lxldpca8

3f8eard9

3f8kaddgim@uttai vgcul4Rnjig ]lstl

gktjai4tlstl/9

3/f8eard9


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Ga slr kcjkgma a kadpailitl 3f8kaddgim@uttai9, a usurja clvgma pgrg g pnjig tlstl.xftdc.

[l ud autkadl jijkjg kad /, lita a kgdjifa mg pnjig mlstjia jijkjg ig rgjz mg gpcjkga,

kgsa kaitrrja slr rlcgtjva ga mjrltrja mg pnjig gtugc.

A rltaria ml dtamas ml ud Dgignlm @lgi, kada dastrgma gitlrjardlitl, tgd`d usg a

dlsda prjikpja, rltarigima ud autkadl. Gs rlnrgs ml igvlnga pamld slr mlijmgs ia

grqujva ml kainurga egkls-kain.xdc, dgs nlrgcdlitl usg-sl g igvlnga jdpckjtg.

G igvlnga jdpckjtg igmg dgjs ma qul a rltaria ma dtama ma D@ slr kaisjmlrgma a

iadl mg pnjig, sld a.xftdc. [l jijkjgr kad /, slr usgma a kgdjifa g`sacuta mg rgjz mg

gpcjkga, sl ia, slr a kgdjifa rlcgtjva pnjig gtugc. [l a dtama rltaigr ud autkadl

kaitlima egkls-rlmjrlkt4trul, slr eljta ud rlmjrlkt ld vlz ml ud earwgrm.

qPlmjrlkt x Earwgrm87 Rar mleguct, a H[E leltug earwgrm pgrg rlmjrlkjaigdlita?

7 Rgrg ngrgitjr a usa ml rlmjrlkt, mlvl-sl jimjkgr ia autkadl kad81egkls-rlmjrlkt4trul.

7 Rar lxldpca8jdpart hgvgx.jihlkt.Igdlm?

BIgdlm

BPlqulst[kaplm


pu`cjk [trjin tlstgr() {

//...

rlturi slnuimgRgnjig1egkls-rlmjrlkt4trul

}

}


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;;

Kgptuca;-H[EKadpailitlsvjsugjs

;H[E Kadpailitls vjsugjs

Kaiflklr as kadpailitls vjsugjs pgrg kaielka ml tlcgs ld H[E, usgima earducrjas

l dgijpucga ml mgmas pgrg gprlslitga.

Kadpailitls vjsugjs? Rraprjlmgml xdcis? Igdlspgkls? @jimjin? BRastKaistrukt?

BRrlMlstray? Apls Lsttjkgs x Mjidjkgs l slcla ijkg x dctjpcg.

Lstruturg sjkg

Gs tlcgs ml udg gpcjkga H[E sa mlijmgs ld grqujvas VDC. ]gns `ld mlijmgs ilssls

grqujvas egzld kad qul sl passg mlskrlvlr tlcgs usgima F]DC l tgns ma prprja H[E.

A H[E passuj ud trgtgmar ml tlcgs (vjsls) kfgdgma ml UMC (U jlw Mlkcgrgtjai Cginugnl), qul

gt gitls mg vlrsa H[E 0.2 lrg jdpcldlitgma kad a H[R. Gps g vlrsa 0.2, eaj jitramuzjmaa Egklclts, qul ud trgtgmar atjdjzgma ml vjsls, sld as pra`cldgs ml jikadpgtj`jcjmgml

qul lrgd kaduis ga H[R.

Rgrg usgr as kadpailitls ma H[E, mlvldas jikcujr gs `j`cjatlkgs ml tgns ias grqujvas VF]DC.

qGs dgjs jdpartgitls sa87 Karl8 rlprlslitgma plcg \PJ fttp8//xdcis.hkp.arn/hse/karl7 F]DC8 rlprlslitgma plcg \PJ fttp8//xdcis.hkp.arn/hse/ftdc

7 Egklclts8 rlprlslitgma plcg \PJ fttp8//xdcis.hkp.arn/hse/egklclts

Lstgs tgns sa jikcumgs kada gtrj`utas ml igdlspgkl (lspga ml iadls, pgrg qul ia fghg

gd`jnujmgml) ig tgn F]DC, kaieardl a lxldpca g slnujr8

31xdc vlrsjai47.2 likamjin4\]E-6 19

3!MAK]ZRL ftdc R\@CJK -//^;K//M]M VF]DC 7.2 ]rgisjtjaigc//LI

fttp8//www.w;.arn/]P/xftdc7/M]M/xftdc7-trgisjtjaigc.mtm 9


xdcis8uj4fttp8//hgvg.sui.kad/hse/egklclts

xdcis8f4fttp8//hgvg.sui.kad/hse/ftdc

xdcis8e4fttp8//hgvg.sui.kad/hse/karl9

a`hltjvas

kaikljtas


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3f8flgm9

3tjtcl9H[E3/tjtcl9

3/f8flgm9

3f8àmy9

3f8autput]lxt vgcul4Lstruturg `sjkg ml udg tlcg H[E /9

3/f8àmy9

3/ftdc9

Ilssl lxldpca, as gtrjùtas xdcis8 rlprlslitgd8

7 xdcis8uj4fttp8//hgvg.sui.kad/hse/egklclts8 jimjkg qul tamgs gs tgns kad prlxa ujslra tgns ma egklclts?

7 xdcis8f4fttp8//hgvg.sui.kad/hse/ftdc8 jimjkg qul tamgs gs tgns kad prlxa f slratgns ftdc?

7 xdcis8e4fttp8//hgvg.sui.kad/hse/karl8 jimjkg qul tamgs gs tgns kad prlxa e slratgns ma ikcla hse (karl).

Gs tgns sa prlxgmgs, kada ia lxldpca8

3f8autput]lxt vgcul4Lstruturg ... /9

Aiml 3f8autput]lxt jimjkg qul g tgn autput]lxt mg `j`cjatlng f (ftdc), rlprlslitgmg plcg

\PJ ft tp8//hgvg.sui.kad/hse/ftdc.

A lxldpca gitlrjar tgd`d gprlslitg g lstruturg `sjkg ml udg vjsa (tlcg) VF]DC pgrg

a H[E. As slnujitls lcldlitas sa a`rjngtrjas8

7 MAK]ZRL?

7 F]DC.

qG pnjig mlcjdjtgmg plcg tgn 3ftdc9.

7 Gs `j`cjatlkgs sa jdpartgmgs plcg praprjlmgml xdcis?

7 xdcis mlil as igdlspgkls?

7 Igdlspgkls sa usgmas pgrg lvjtgr kaijtas ml iadls ias lcldlitas?

7 Mlil prlxas pgrg slrld usgmas ias lcldlitas.

Mlitra ml 3ftdc9 tldas8

7 F8FLGM

7 F8@AMZ

A usa mgs tgns f8flgm l f8àmy rlkadlimgma pgrg qul a H[E passg rlimlrjzgr skrjpts au

rlkursas ilklssrjas ig egsl Plimlr Plspaisl, pgrg qul g pnjig euikjail gmlqugmgdlitl.

Earducrjas

Earducrjas sa mlijmas plcg tgn f8eard. As earducrjas ld H[E sa rlimlrjzgmas kada

earducrjas F]DC qul livjgd mgmas vjg RA[], jimlplimlitl sl ear mlijma ud àta

au ud cjio ml su`djssa. [krjpts jislrjmas ig pnjig plca prprja H[E sl likgrrlngd ml

ghustgr a kadpartgdlita.

Mlitra ma earducrja, mlvld slr kacakgmas kadpailitls ml litrgmg ml mgmas, kuhas

vgcarls jislrjmas slra livjgmas pgrg a H[E ga slr leltugma ud su`djt.


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Kgjxgs ml tlxta, rtucas l kgdpas akuctas

Gs kgjxgs ml tlxta sa usgmgs pgrg litrgmg ml mgmas mjnjtgmas plca usurja.

q[a ml trs tjpas87 3f8jiput]lxt /98 usgmg pgrg litrgr kad tlxtas sjdpcls. Plimlrjzg ud83jiput typl4tlxt /9

7 3f8jiputGrlg /98 usgmg pgrg litrgr kad tlxtas ld vrjgs cjifgs. Plimlrjzg ud83tlxtGrlg9

7 3f8jiput[lkrlt /98 usgmg pgrg litrgr kad tlxtas sld lka, par lxldpca, slifgs.Plimlrjzg ud8 3jiput typl4pgsswarm /9

Kgjxgs ml tlxta

G tg`lcg ;.7 dastrg gcnuis gtrjùtas ma 3f8jiput]lxt /9.

Gtrjùta Mlskrja

jm Jmlitjejkgmar ma kadpailitl

vgcul Ugcar ma kadpailitl, paml cjngr g ud D@ kad LC ( #{...} )

rlgmaicy trul/egcsl sadlitl cljturg

mjsg`clm trul/egcsl lcldlita mlsg`jcjtgma (ia rlkl`l eaka)

rlqujrlm trul/egcsl sl a lcldlita rlqulrjma

rlqujrlmDlssgnl ]lxta dlisgnld sl ia prllikfjma

dgxclintf Idlra qugitjmgml dxjdg ml kgrgktlrls

sjzl ]gdgifa ld kgrgktlrls ma kadpailitl

tjtcl taac tjp tlxt

stycl Lstjcas K[[ gpcjkgmas ga kadpailitl

styclKcgss Cjstg ml kcgssls ml K[[ gpcjkgmas ga kadpailitl (rlimlrjzgmaskada gtrjùta kcgss)

Lvlitas ma MAD aieakus, aikcjko ltk.

G slnujr, tldas ud lxldpca qul dastrg kada ud 3f8jiput]lxt /9 lskrjta ld H[E, kada

rlimlrjzgma ld F]DC l kada gprlslitgma ia igvlngmar.

Kmjna ld H[E

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4Iadl8 ear4iadl /9

3f8jiput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} jm4iadl /9

]g`lcg ;.7Gtrjùtas ml

3f8jiput]lxt /9.


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Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3cg`lc ear4hQjmt


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;:


Kgjxgs ml tlxta ml slifg

G tg`lcg ;.; dastrg gcnuis gtrjùtas ma 3f8jiput[lkrlt /9.

Gtrjùta Mlskrja

jm Jmlitjejkgmar ma kadpailitl

rlmjspcgy (trul/egcsl) par mleguct ia rlkgrrlngma a vgcar ma lgi. [ltgima pgrg trul, a vgcar trgzjma

vgcul Ugcar ma kadpailitl, paml cjngr g ud D@ kad LC ( #{...})



rlqujrlm trul/egcsl sl a lcldlita rlqulrjma

rlqujrlmDlssgnl ]lxta dlisgnld sl ia prllikfjma

dgxclintf Idlra qugitjmgml dxjdg ml kgrgktlrls

sjzl ]gdgifa ld kgrgktlrls ma kadpailitl

tjtcl taac tjp tlxt


styclKcgss Cjstg ml kcgssls ml K[[ gpcjkgmas ga kadpailitl (rlimlrjzgmas kada gtrjùta kcgss)


Ramldas vlr gmjgitl kada ud 3f8jiput[lkrlt /9 lskrjta ld H[E, kada rlimlrjzgma ld

F]DC l kada gprlslitgma ia igvlngmar.

Kmjna ld H[E

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4[lifg8 ear4slifg /9

3f8jiput[lkrlt vgcul4#{[email protected]} jm4slifg /9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3cg`lc ear4hQjmt


56/210

=2


Lxldpca ml kgjxgs ml tlxta

As trlkfas ml kmjna g slnujr dastrgd ud lxldpca ml prahlta kaitlima as trs tjpas ml

kgjxg ml litrgmg.

3f8eard9

3f8pgilcNrjm kacudis409

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4Iadl8 ear4iadl /9 3f8jiput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} jm4iadl /9

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4[lifg8 ear4slifg /9

3f8jiput[lkrlt vgcul4#{[email protected]}

jm4slifg /9

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4Mlskrja8

ear4mlskrjkga /9

3f8jiput]lxtgrlg vgcul4#{[email protected]}

jm4mlskrjkga /9

3f8kaddgim@uttai vgcul4Livjgr /9

3/f8pgilcNrjm9

3/f8eard9

BIgdlm(vgcul 4 lxldpcaD@)

BPlqulst[kaplm

pu`cjk kcgss LxldpcaD@ {

prjvgtl [trjin iadl?

prjvgtl [trjin slifg?

prjvgtl [trjin mlskrjkga?

// slttlrs/nlttlrs

}

G slnujr, a earducrja rlimlrjzgma.

Ptucas

Rgrg rlimlrjzgr ud rtuca ml ud kadpailitl ia earducrja, usg-sl 3f8autputCg`lc /9.

Lssl kadpailitl gudlitg g rlg kcjkvlc ml lcldlitas, kada àtls ml rmja, l paml slr

usgma par cljtarls ml tlcg ld kgsas ml gpcjkgtjvas ml gklssj`jcjmgml. G tg`lcg ;.= dastrg

gcnuis gtrjùtas ml 3f8autputCg lc /9.

Ejnurg ;. dastrg ud lxldpca kad tamgs gs kgjxgs ml slcla rlimlrjzgmgs.

Kgjxg ml [lcla8 kflkoàx ijkaA kadpailitl 3f8slclkt@aaclgiKflkoàx9rlimlrjzg ud kflkoàx pgrg slcla ma t jpa [JD/

IA, qul pamlr slr v jikucgmg g udg praprjlmgml àaclgig ml ud Dgignlm @lgi.

Lcl rlimlrjzg ud kadpailitl ld F]DC 3jiput typl4kflkoàx /9.G tg`lcg ;.5 gprlslitg

slus prjikjpgjs gtrjùtas.

Ejnurg ;.>]amgs gs Kgjxgsml [lcla.


59/210

=;


Gtrjùta Mlskrja

jm jmlitjejkgmar ma kadpailitl

vgcul (trul/egcsl) vgcar ma kadpailitl, paml cjngr g udg praprjlmgml àaclgig ml ud D@


Mjsg`clm trul/egcsl lcldlita mlsg`jcjtgma (ia rlkl`l eaka)

tjtcl taac tjp tlxt

stycl lstjcas K[[ gpcjkgmas ga kadpailitl

styclKcgss cjstg ml kcgssls ml K[[ gpcjkgmas ga kadpailitl (rlimlrjzgmas kada gtrjùta kcgss)


A kmjna g slnujr dastrg kada ud 3f8slclkt@aaclgiKflkoàx9 lskrjta ld H[E, kada


Kmjna ld H[E

3f8slclkt@aaclgiKflkoàx jm4tlstl vgcul4trul /9

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4]lstl ear4tlstl /9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3cg`lc ear4hQjmt


60/210

==


Kgjxg ml [lcla8 kadà@ax ml [lcla ijkg

A kadpailitl 3f8slclktAilDliu9rlimlrjzg ud Kadà@ax kaitlima udg cjstg ml apls

pgrg slcla, qul paml slr vjikucgmg g udg praprjlmgml ml ud Dgignlm @lgi. Lcl rli-

mlrjzg ud kadpailitl 3slclkt9 ma F]DC kad gtrjùta sjzl kad vgcar 7 l sld a gtrjùta

ductjpcl. G tg`lcg ;.> gprlslitg slus prjikjpgjs gtrjùtas.

Gtrjùta Mlskrja


vgcul vgcar ma kadpailitl, paml cjngr g udg praprjlmgml ml ud D@



tjtcl taac tjp tlxt


styclKcgss cjstg ml kcgssls ml K[[ gpcjkgmas ga kadpailitl (rlimlrjzgmas kada gtrjùta kcgss)Lvlitas ma MAD aieakus, aikcjko ltk.

Rgrg prllikfjdlita mas jtlis usg-sl g tgn 3e8slclktJtld9 mg `j`cjatlkg karl ma H[E. G tg`lcg

;.6 gprlslitg slus prjikjpgjs gtrjùtas.

Gtrjùta Mlskrja

jtldCg`lc ]lxta gprlslitgma pgrg lstg apa

j tldUgcul Ugcar g slr su`dltjma qugima lstg apa lstjvlr slclkjaigmg

jtldMjsg`clm trul/egcsl, ecgn jimjkgima sl a jtld lst mlsg`jcjtgma (mleguct egcsl)

ia[lclktjaiAptjai trul/egcsl, e cgn jimjkgima sl a jtld ia slclkjaivlc l, ld kgsa ml kgdpa rlqulrjma,nlrg lrra sl lstjvlr slclkjaigma (mleguct egcsl)

A kmjna g slnujr dastrg kada ud 3f8slclktAilDliu9 lskrjta ld H[E, kada rlimlrjzgma

ld F]DC l kada gprlslitgma ia igvlngmar.

Kmjna ld H[E

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4[lxa8 ear4slxa /9

3f8slclktAilDliu jm4slxa 9

3e8slclktJtld jm4D jtldCg`lc4Dgskucjia jtldUgcul4D /9

3e8slclktJtld jm4E jtldCg`lc4Eldjijia jtldUgcul4E /93/f8slclktAilDliu9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3cg`lc ear4hQjmt


61/210

=



BPlqulst[kaplm


prjvgtl Cjst3[trjin9 lstgmas?

BRastKaistrukt

pu`cjk vajm jijt() {

lstgmas 4 ilw GrrgyCjst3[trjin9()? lstgmas.gmm(pr)?

lstgmas.gmm(sk)?

}

pu`cjk Cjst3[trjin9 nltLstgmas() {

rlturi tfjs.lstgmas?

}

pu`cjk vajm sltLstgmas(Cjst3[trjin9 lstgmas) {

tfjs.lstgmas 4 lstgmas?

}

}

;.7.= BRastKaistrukt l BRrlMlstray

Ia kmjna gkjdg eaj usgma udg giatga lsplkjgc ma KMJ ia Dgignlm @lgi, a BRastKais-

trukt ( hgvgx.giiatgtjai.RastKaistrukt). \d dtama giatgma mlssg eardg kfgdgma gps

g kaistrua ma a`hlta l gps tamgs gs jihlls slrld eljtgs, dgs gitls ma a`hlta slr

mjspaij`jcjzgma pgrg aplrga. Gssjd, prlelrl-sl jijkjgr as a`hltas mlssg eardg, pajs tamgs

gs mlplimikjgs h eargd rlsacvjmgs l tgd`d parqul f ngrgitjg ml qul lssl dtama

kfgdgma sadlitl udg vlz, a qul ia akarrl kad a kaistrutar, par kgusg ma dlkgijsda ml

Rraxy usgma plca KMJ.

A dtama jijt() eaj usgma pgrg jijkjgcjzgr gcnuis kflkoàxls, trgzlima-as h dgrkgmas igprjdljrg vlz qul g tlcg ear dastrgmg ga usurja.

Gigcangdlitl, pamldas giatgr ud dltama kad BRrlMlstray ( hgvgx.giiatgtjai.RrlMls-

tray), qul jivakgima gitls mg jistikjg slr mlstrumg.

[adlitl paml fgvlr ud dtama giatgma kad BRastKaistrukt l ud kad BRrlMlstray.

q7 BRastKaistrukt.0 A dtama giatgma jivakgma cana gps g krjga ma a`hlta?

0 ]amgs gs jihlls h eargd eljtgs?

0 [ldprl usgma pgrg jijkjgcjzgr a `lgi, ga jivs ma kaistrutar.

7 BRrlMlstray.

0 A dtama giatgma jivakgma gitls mg mlstruja.

Lxlrkkjas

Kgjxg ml [lcla8 dctjpcas Kflkoàxls

A kadpailitl 3f8slclktDgiyKflkoàx9rlimlrjzg udg tg`lcg kaitlima udg cjstg ml kflkoàx

pgrg slcla ma tjpa [JD/IA, qul pamlr slr vjikucgmg g udg praprjlmgml cjstg ml ud Dgignlm


64/210

=6


@lgi. G tg`lcg ;.72 gprlslitg slus pr jikjpgjs gtrjùtas.

Gtrjùta Mlskrja


vgcul (trul/egcsl) vgcar ma kadpailitl, paml cjngr g udg praprjlmgml cjs tg ml ud D@

cgyaut Gpgrikjg mg tg`lcg rlimlrjzgmg8

7 cjilMjrlktjai8 pgrg dastrgr as lcldlitas farjzaitgcdlitl

7pgnlMjrlktjai8 pgrg dastrgr as lcldlitas vlrtjkgcdlitl

àrmlr ]gdgifa (px) mg armg mg tg`lcg rlimlrjzgmg



tjtcl taac tjp tlxt




A kmjna g slnujr dastrg kada ud 3f8slclktDgiyKflkoàx9 lskrjta ld H[E, kada


Kmjna ld H[E

3f8slclktDgiyKflkoàx jm4tlstl cgyaut4pgnlMjrlktjai 9

3e8slclktJtld jm4sk jtldCg`lc4[gitg Kgtgrjig

jtldUgcul4[K /9

3e8slclktJtld jm4pr jtldCg`lc4Rgrgi jtldUgcul4RP /9

3e8slclktJtld jm4rs jtldCg`lc4Pja Nrgiml ma [uc

jtldUgcul4P[ /9

3/f8slclktDgiyKflkoàx9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3tg`cl àrmlr42 jm4hQjmt


65/210

=:


3/tg`cl9

As kmjnas g slnujr dastrgd a VF]DC l a Dgignlm @lgi usgmas ia lxldpca.

3f8eard9


3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4Lstgmas ear4lstgmas /9

3f8slclktDgiyKflkoàx jm4lstgmas

vgcul4#{[email protected]}

cgyaut4pgnlMjrlktjai9

3e8slclktJtld jm4sk jtldCg`lc4[gitg Kgtgrjig

jtldUgcul4[K /9

3e8slclktJtld jm4pr jtldCg`lc4Rgrgi

jtldUgcul4RP /9 3e8slclktJtld jm4rs

jtldCg`lc4Pja Nrgiml ma [uc

jtldUgcul4P[ /9

3/f8slclktDgiyKflkoàx9


3/f8pgilcNrjm9

3/f8eard9

BIgdlm(vgcul 4 lxldpcaD@)BPlqulst[kaplm


prjvgtl Cjst3[trjin9 lskacfjmas 4 ilw GrrgyCjst39()?

BRastKaistrukt


lskacfjmas.gmm(RP)?

lskacfjmas.gmm([K)?

}

// slttlrs/nlttlrs

Kgjxg ml [lcla8 àtls ml Pmja

A kadpailitl 3f8slclktAilPgmja9rlimlrjzg udg tg`lcg kaitlima udg cjstg ml àtls ml

rmja pgrg slcla dutugdlitl lxkcusjvg (sadlitl ud paml lstgr slclkjaigma ld kgmg

dadlita) ma tjpa [JD/IA, qul pamlr slr v jikucgmg g udg praprjlmgml àaclgig ml ud

Ejnurg ;.773f8slclktDgiyKflkoàx9ld

H[E, rlimlrjzgmald F]DC l ia

igvlngmar.


66/210


67/210

Kgjxg ml [lcla8 cjst@ax ml [lcla ijkg

A kadpailitl 3f8slclktAilCjstàx9rlimlrjzg ud Cjst@ax kaitlima udg cjstg ml apls

pgrg slcla, qul pamlr slr v jikucgmg g udg praprjlmgml ml ud Dgignlm @lgi. Lcl

rlimlrjzg ud kadpailitl 3slclkt9ma F]DC kad gtr jùta sjzl jnugc ga idlra ml apls

sld a gtrjùta ductjpcl. G tg`lcg ;.7; gprlslitg slus prjikjpgjs gtrjùtas.

Gtrjùta Mlskrja


vgcul vgcar ma kadpailitl, paml cjngr g udg praprjlmgml ml ud D@[jzl Wugitjmgml ml lcldlitas g slrld dastrgmas, sl ia ear lsplkje jkgma, tamas slra (jnugc

ga idlra ml apls). [l fauvlr ilklssjmgml, ud skracc`gr dastrgma



tjtcl taac tjp tlxt




]g`lcg ;.7;Gtrjùtas ml3f8slclktAil

Cjstàx9.


68/210


69/210


70/210


71/210


72/210


73/210


Grdgzligr [trjin x A`hlta

Ia lxldpca gitlrjar a lstgma lskacfjma sltgma ia D@ plcg sug sjncg, dgs passvlc

tgd`d grdgzligr mjrltgdlitl a a`hlta ma tjpa Lstgma slclkjaigma. Rgrg jssa ilklssrja

ud Kaivlrsar Kustadjzgma qul leltug mugs aplrgls `sjkgs8

7 Kaivlrtl [trjin (mg rlqujsja) pgrg A`hlta?

7 Kaivlrtl A`hlta pgrg [trjin (pgrg rlspastg).

Lssls kaivlrsls slra vjstgs euturgdlitl.

[lcla ijkg x [lcla Dctjpcg

As kadpailitls ml slcla tgd`d pamld slr mjv jmjmas igqulcls qul plrdjtld slcla

ijkg l slcla dctjpcg, kada dastrg g tg`lcg ;.75.

[lcla ijkg [lcla Dctjpcg

3f8slclkt@aacgiKflkoàx9 V

3f8slclktDgiyKflkoàx9 V

3f8slclktAilPgmja9 V

3f8slclktAilDliu9 V

3f8slclktAilCjstàx9 V

3f8slclktDgiyCjstàx9 V

3f8slclktDgiyDliu9 V

As kadpailitls ml slcla ijkg prlkjsgd cjngr slu gtrjùta vgcul g sadlitl ud lcldlita

ia Dgignlm @lgi, par lxldpca, ia VF]DC8

3f8slclktAilPgmja jm4slxavgcul4#{[email protected]}

cgyaut4pgnlMjrlktjai9

3e8slclktJtld jm4D jtldCg`lc4Dgskucjia

jtldUgcul4D /9

3e8slclktJtld jm4E jtldCg`lc4Eldjijia

jtldUgcul4E /9

3/f8slclktAilPgmja9

L ia D@8


BPlqulst[kaplmpu`cjk kcgss LxldpcaD@ {

prjvgtl [trjin slxa?

// slttlrs/nlttlrs

}

]g`lcg ;.75[lcla ijkg x

[lcla Dctjpcg..


74/210


75/210


76/210

52


Kgmg udg mlstgs vgrjgitls ml àtls l cjios slr lxpcargmg ld dgjar mltgcfl g slnujr.

@ata ml Ga 3f8kaddgim@uttai9

A kadpailitl 3f8kaddgim@uttai9 ud àta kad ga ml su`djssa, pgrg ud eardu-

crja vjg RA[]. Lcl rlimlrjzg ud 3jiput typl4su`djt /9.G tg`lcg ;7> gprlslitg slus

prjikjpgjs gtrjùtas.

Gtrjùtas Mlskrja

vgcul Kaitd a tlxta ma ata

gktjai Kaitd a dtama ma D@ g slr jivakgma. Lxldpca8 #{d`.gkga}

gktjaiCjstlilr Kaitd a dtama ml ud GktjaiCjstlilr, qul slr jivakgma qugima a àta ear prlssja-igma. Lxldpca8 #{d`.gkgaCjstlilr}

typl A tjpa ma ata rlimlrjzgma (su`djt/ùttai/rlslt) . Rar mleguct , nlrg ud ata ma tjpasu`djt

jdgnl G \PC au kgdjifa mg jdgnld qul slr rlimlrjzgmg kada ud àta ml su`djt (rlimlrjzg

ud 3jiput typl4jdgnl srk4... /9)mjsg`clm (trul/egcsl) [l a ata lstgr mlsg`jcjtgma




G nurg g slnujr dastrg kada ud 3f8kaddgim@uttai9 lskrjta ld H[E, kada rlimlrjzgma

ld F]DC l kada gprlslitgma ia igvlngmar.

Kmjna ld H[E

3f8kaddgim@uttai gktjai4#{[email protected]@atga}

vgcul4@ata ml Kadgima /9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3jiput typl4su`djt igdl4hQjmt


77/210

57

Kgptuca=-H[EKadpailitlsvjsugjs

Gtrj`utas Mlskrja

typl ]jpa ma rlkursa ma cjio. Lxldpca8 styclsfllt

mjsg`clm (trul/egcsl) [l a ata lstgr mlsg`jcjtgma


styclKcgss Cjstg ml kcgssls ml K[[ gpcjkgmas ga kadpailitl (rlimlrjzgmaskada gtrj`uta kcgss)


G nurg g slnujr dastrg kada ud3f8kaddgimCjio9 lskrjta ld H[E, kada rlimlrjzgma ld

F]DC l kada gprlslitgma ia igvlngmar.

Kmjna ld H[E

3f8kaddgimCjio gktjai4#{[email protected]}

vgcul4Cjio ml Kadgima/9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3skrjpt typl4tlxt/hgvgskrjpt srk4/@atalsCjios/egkls/hgvgx.egkls.rlsaurkl/hse.

hs1ci4hgvgx.egkls&gdp?stgnl4Mlvlcapdlit9

3/skrjpt9

3g frle4# aikcjko4dahgrrg.hsekchs(makudlit.nltLcldlit@yJm(hQjmt


78/210

50


Kmjna ld H[E

3f8ùttai autkadl4tlstl vgcul4@ata/9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3jiput typl4ùttai aikcjko4wjimaw.cakgtjai.frle4/@atalsCjios/egkls/tlstl.

xftdc? rlturi egcsl? vgcul4@ata /9

@ata

Cjio 3f8cjio9

A kadpailitl3f8cjio9 ud cjio qul mjrlkjaig pgrg udg pnjig mg gpcjkga. Lcl rlimlrjzg

ud 3g frle49l slu rlmjrlkjaigdlita ud dtama NL]. G tg`lcg =.< gprlslitg slus

prjikjpgjs gtrjùtas.

Gtrjùtas Mlskrja

vgcul Kaitd a tlxta ma ata

autkadl A iadl mg pnjig (sld .xftdc) pgrg gaiml g gpcjkga slr mjrlkjaigmg

mjsg`clm (trul/egcsl) [l a ata lstgr mlsg`jcjtgma




G nurg =.= dastrg kada ud 3f8cjio9 lskrjta ld H[E, kada rlimlrjzgma ld F]DC l

kada gprlslitgma ia igvlngmar.

Kmjna ld H[E

3f8cjio autkadl4tlstl vgcul4Cjio/9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3g frle4/@atalsCjios/egkls/tlstl.xftdc9Cjio3/g9

Cjio

Cjio Lxtlria8 3f8autputCjio9

A kadpailitl 3f8autputCjio9 ud cjio qul mjrlkjaig pgrg udg pnjig lxtlrig gpcjkga,

ia H[E. Lcl rlimlrjzg ud 3g frle49, l slu rlmjrlkjaigdlita ud dtama NL]. A tlxta ma

cjio mlvl slr kacakgma mlitra ma autputCjio. G tg`lcg =.5 gprlslitg slus prjikjpgjs gtrjùtas.

Ejnurg =.;3f8ùttai9 H[E,F]DC l jdgnldrlimlrjzgmg.

]g`lcg =.3f8autputEardgtt9 H[E, F]DC l tlxta

rlimlrjzgma.

]g`lcg =.6Gtrjùtas ml

3f8nrgpfjkJdgnl9.


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55


A kmjna g slnujr dastrg kada a 3f8nrgpfjkJdgnl9 gprlslitgma.

Kmjna ld H[E

3f8nrgpfjkJdgnl vgcul4fttp8//maks.argkcl.kad/hgvgll/5/tutarjgc/mak/nrgpfjks/

hgvgcana.pin /9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3jdn srk4fttp8//maks.argkcl.kad/hgvgll/5/tutarjgc/mak/nrgpfjks/hgvgcana.pin /9

@j`cjatlkg ml rlkursas

Gs jdgnlis pamld lstgr grdgzligmgs ld mjrltrjas lsplkkas kfgdgmas ml j`cjatlkgs.

\dg j`cjatlkg ml jdgnlis mlvl slr ud su`mjrltrja mlitra ma mjrltrja /rlsaurkls, qul sl

sjtug ig rgjz mg gpcjkga. Rgrg gmjkjaigr udg jdgnld ml udg j`cjatlkg, usg-sl a gtrj`uta

cj`rgry l a iadl mg jdgnld mlvl slr kainurgma kad a gtrj`uta igdl. Rar lxldpca8

3f8nrgpfjkJdgnl cj`rgry4eatas igdl4eata.hpn /9

Ia lxldpca, g jdgnld eata.hpn a`tjmg ml mlitra mg j`cjatlkg eatas (mjrltrja /rlsaurkls/

eatas). G nurg = .: dastrg kada udg `j`cjatlkg ml jdgnlis kg ia sjstldg ml grqujvas.

Ia kgsa, dastrgma a mjrltrja ma prahlta ma Ilt`lgis. G j`cjatlkg sl kfgdg tldg7 l g

jdgnld jdn/tux.hpn, l pamlrjg slr kgrrlngmg kad a slnujitl kadgima8

3f8nrgpfjkJdgnl cj`rgry4tldg7 igdl4jdn/tux.hpn /9

Ejnurg =.63f8nrgpfjkJdgnl9 H[E, F]DC l tlxtarlimlrjzgma.

Ejnurg =.:@j`cjatlkg mlJdgnlis.


83/210

5>


G lstruturg ml `j`cjatlkgs tgd`d paml slr usgmg pgrg kgrrlngr [krjpts plrsaigcjzgmas l

lstjcas K[[, usgima-sl gs tgns 3f8autput[krjpt9l 3f8autput[tyclsfllt9, rlsplktjvgdlitl,

mlsml qul mlitra ma mjrltrja tldg7 slhgd krjgmas as mjrltrjas hs l kss. [lnul ud lxldpca8

3f8autput[krjpt cj`rgry4tldg7 igdl4hs/euik.hs /9

3f8autput[tyclsfllt cj`rgry4tldg7

igdl4kss/lstjca.kss /9

Ulrsjaigdlita ml Plkursas

passvlc grdgzligr mjelrlitls vlrsls ml `j`cjatlkgs gtrgvs ml ud pgmra iudrjka ld

majs ivljs ia eardgta MJNJ]A[QMJNJ]A[, kaieardl a slnujitl lxldpca8

7Q2 au 0Q7

A H[E sldprl rlelrlikjg g vlrsa dgjs gtugc (dgjar) pgrg gklssgr as rlkursas. Lssl vlrsjaig-

dlita apkjaigc, gstgima adjtj-ca, kada ia lxldpca gitlrjar (tldg7). Ig jdgnld g slnujr

tldas g j`cjatlkg mleguct (vlrsls 7Q2 l 0Q2) l tldg7 (sld vlrsjaigdlita).

qRgrg gklssgr g `j`cjatlkg ml iadl mleguct, usgdas87 3f8nrgpfjkJdgnl cj`rgry4mleguct igdl4jdn/tux.pin /9

7 As rlkursas mg vlrsa 0Q2 slra dastrgmas?

7 Ia passvlc lskacflr g vlrsa mas rlkursas g slr utjcjzgma, slima qul a H[E sldprlutjcjzg g ctjdg vlrsa.

Ejnurg =.72@j`cjatlkg mlJdgnlis kad

vlrsls.


84/210

56


Hgvg[krjpt l K[[

[krjpts ld Hgvg[krjpt l K[[ gmjkjaigjs (cljgutls) pamld slr gmjkjaigmas usgima gs tgns

kaduis8 3skrjpt9l 3cjio9. A jmlgc usgr a dlkgijsda ml `j`cjatlkgs (a dlsda dastrgma

pgrg jdgnlis) l, ilstl kgsa, usgdas gs slnujitls tgns ma H[E8

q3f8autput[krjpt98 jikcuj ud H[ l usg a dlsda lsquldg ml `j`cjatlkgs87 Gtrjùta igdl8 iadl ma skrjpt slima gmjkjaigma?7 Gtrjùta cj`rgry8 iadl mg `j`cjatlkg (su`mjrltrja) aiml a skrjpt sl likaitrg?

7 Gtrjùta tgrnlt8 aiml a skrjpt mlvl slr kacakgma8 flgm au àmy.

3f8autput[tycl[fllt98 jikcuj ud K[[, usg a dlsda lsquldg ml `j`cjatlkgs8

7 Gtrjùta igdl8 iadl ma K[[ slima gmjkjaigma?

7 Gtrjùta cj`rgry8 iadl mg `j`cjatlkg (su`mjrltrja) aiml a K[[ sl likaitrg.

Rar lxldpca8

3f8autput[krjpt igdl4tlstl.hs cj`rgry4hs

tgrnlt4flgm /93f8autput[tycl[fllt igdl4lstjca.kss

cj`rgry4kss /9

Gtrjùta Plimlrlm

]amas as kadpailitls vjsugjs ma H[E passuld a gtrjùta aaclgia rlimlrlm. [lu a`hltjva

egzlr g rlimlrjzga kaimjkjaigc, jsta , sl a slu vgcar ear vlrmgmljra (trul), a kadpailitl

dastrgma? kgsa kaitrrja, ia dastrgma. Jssa lvjtg g pracjelrga ml kadgimas kaimjkja-

igjs, kaduis ia mlslivacvjdlita kad H[]C.

q]amas as kadpailitls ma H[E passuld a gtrjùta àaclgia rlimlrlm87 \sgma pgrg mjzlr sl a kadpailitl mlvl au ia slr gprlslitgma ig egsl ml

Plimlr Plspaisl?

7 [lu vgcar mleguct trul.

Lxldpca8

3f8autputEardgt vgcul4Gcuia8 {2} Dmjg8 {7}

rlimlrlm4#{[email protected]}9

3e8pgrgd vgcul4#{[email protected]} /9

3e8pgrgd vgcul4#{[email protected]} /9

3/f8autputEardgt9

Mlitra ma gtrjùta rlimlrlm, tgd`d pamldas kacakgr udg lxprlssa kadpclxg, parlxldpca, qulrldas dastrgr ud mltlrdjigma 3f8autput]lxt9 kgsa8

([email protected] 94 >.2 l [email protected]) au ([email protected] 3 >.2)

Gssjd, paml-sl lskrlvlr8

3f8autput]lxt vgcul4Aj

rlimlrlm4#{([email protected] nl >.2 gim [email protected]) ar [email protected] ct

>.2} /9

As kmjnas g slnujr dastrgd ud lxldpca pgrg tlstgr a gtrjùta rlimlrlm.


85/210

5:


3f8autput]lxt vgcul4Aj

rlimlrlm4#{([email protected] nl >.2 gim [email protected]) ar

([email protected] ct >.2)} /9

3f8eard9

Dlmjg8 3f8jiput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} /9 3`r/9

3f8slclkt@aaclgiKflkoàx vgcul4#{[email protected]} /9 Dastrgr1 3`r/9

3f8kaddgim@uttai vgcul4AO /93/f8eard9

BIgdlm(vgcul 4 gcuiaD@)

BPlqulst[kaplm

pu`cjk kcgss GcuiaD@ {

prjvgtl àaclgi dastrgrGcuia 4 egcsl?

prjvgtl mau`cl dlmjg 4 2.2?

// slttlrs/nlttlrs

}

Kadpailitls ml arngijzga

Rgrg kadpasja ml Nrjms usgima as kadpailitls vjsugjs, pamldas usgr majs kadpa-

ilitls ml arngijzga8

q7 3f8pgilcNrjm98arngijzg as lcldlitas ld udg nrgml au tg`lcg. Gtr jùta kacudis8 slkacakg g qugitjmgml ml kacuigs ig tg`lcg, kgmg kadpailitl ma H[E slr kacakgma ld

udg kacuig. Plimlrjzg udg tg`lcg kad as lcldlitas mlitra?

7 3f8pgilcNraup98plrdjtl qul vrjas kadpailitls slhgd trgtgmas vjsugcdlitl kadaud s, ig tg`lcg.

A kmjna g slnujr dastrg kada ud 3f8pgilcNrjm9 gprlslitgma.

Kmjna ld H[E



3f8jiput]lxt vgcul4Haa jm4iadl/9

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4Jmgml8 ear4jmgml /9

3f8jiput]lxt vgcul476 jm4jmgml/9

3/f8pgilcNrjm9

Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3tg`cl93tàmy9

3tr93tm93cg`lc ear4iadl9Iadl8 3/cg`lc93/tm9

3tm93jiput jm4iadl typl4tlxt igdl4iadl vgcul4Haa /93/tm93/tr9

3tr93tm93cg`lc ear4jmgml9Jmgml8 3/cg`lc93/tm9

3tm93jiput jm4jmgml typl4tlxt igdl4jmgml vgcul476 /93/tm93/tr9

3/tàmy93/tg`cl9

Ejnurg =.773f8pgilcNrjm9

H[E, F]DC l tlx tarlimlrjzgma.


86/210

>2


A kmjna g slnujr dastrg ud lxldpca ml 3f8pgilcNraup9.



3f8jiput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} jm4iadl /9

3f8pgilcNraup9

3f8slclkt@aaclgiKflko`ax /9

3f8autputCg`lc vgcul4Jmgml8 ear4jmgml /9 3/f8pgilcNraup9

3f8jiput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} jm4jmgml /9


3/f8pgilcNrjm9

G slnujr, dastrgma kada a 3f8pgilcNraup9 rlimlrjzgma. [ug euia jislrjr tamas as

kadpailitls ia dlsda 3tm9mg tg`lcg nlrgmg plca 3f8pgilcNrjm9.

3tg`cl9

3t`amy9

3tr9

3tm93cg`lc ear4hQjmt


87/210

>7


As kmjnas g slnujr dastrgd ud lxldpca ml 3f8mgtg]g`cl9l kada g tg`lcg rlimlrjzgmg

ld F]DC. G nurg =.7; dastrg kada gprlslitgmg ia igvlngmar.

Jimlx.xftdc

3f8mgtg]g`cl vgcul4#{[email protected]} vgr4gcuia9

3f8kacudi9

#{gcuia.iadl}

3/f8kacudi9

3f8kacudi9

#{gcuia.jmgml}

3/f8kacudi9

3f8kacudi9

#{gcuia.ldgjc}

3/f8kacudi9

3/f8mgtg]g`cl9

Dgignlm @lgi

BIgdlm(vgcul 4 gcuiaD@)

BPlqulst[kaplm

pu`cjk kcgss GcuiaD@ {

prjvgtl Cjst3Gcuia9 gcuias?

BRastKaistrukt


gcuias 4 ilw GrrgyCjst3Gcuia9()?

Gcuia g 4 ilw Gcuia()?

g.sltIadl(Haa)?

g.sltJmgml(76)?

g.sltLdgjc(hagaBhaga.kad)? gcuias.gmm(g)?

g 4 ilw Gcuia()?

g.sltIadl(Dgrjg)?

g.sltJmgml(02)?

g.sltLdgjc(dgrjgBdgrjg.kad)?

gcuias.gmm(g)?

}

// slttlrs/nlttlrs

}

@lgi Gcuia

pu`cjk kcgss Gcuia {


prjvgtl jit jmgml?

prjvgtl [trjin ldgjc?

//slttlrs/nlttlrs

}


88/210

>0


Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3tg`cl9

3tàmy9

3tr9

3tm9Haa3/tm9

3tm9763/tm9

3tm9hagaBhaga.kad3/tm9 3/tr9

3tr9

3tm9Dgrjg3/tm9

3tm9023/tm9

3tm9dgrjgBdgrjg.kad3/tm9

3/tr9

3/tàmy9

3/tg`cl9

Haa 76 hagaBhaga.kadDgrjg 02 dgrjgBdgrjg.kad

Rgrg krjgr kg`lgcfas l ramgps ig tg`lcg au kacuig usgdas g tgn mg `j`cjatlkg karl

3e8egklt9. A slu gtrjùta igdl mltlrdjig a t jpa l, pgrg tg`lcgs, tldas majs8 flgmlr au

eaatlr. As kmjnas g slnujr dastrgd ud lxldpca ml tg`lcg kad kg`lgcfas l ramgps, l

kada g rlimlrjzga kg ld F]DC. G nurg = .7=dastrg kada gprlslitgma ia igvlngmar.

3f8mgtg]g`cl vgcul4#{[email protected]} vgr4gcuia àrmlr479

3e8egklt igdl4flgmlr9Cjstg ml Gcuias3/e8egklt9

3f8kacudi9

3e8egklt igdl4flgmlr9Iadl3/e8egklt9 3e8egklt igdl4eaatlr9x3/e8egklt9

#{gcuia.iadl}

3/f8kacudi9

3f8kacudi9

3e8egklt igdl4flgmlr9Jmgml3/e8egklt9

#{gcuia.jmgml}

3/f8kacudi9

3f8kacudi9

3e8egklt igdl4flgmlr9L-dgjc3/e8egklt9

#{gcuia.ldgjc}

3/f8kacudi9 3e8egklt igdl4eaatlr9Ejd mg Cjstg3/e8egklt9

3/f8mgtg]g`cl9

Ejnurg = .7;Gprlslitgamg tg`lcg iaigvlngmar.


89/210

>;


Plimlrjzgma ld F]DC

3tg`cl àrmlr479

3tflgm9

3tr93tf kacspgi4; skapl4kacnraup9Cjstg ml Gcuias3/tf93/tr9

3tr9 3tf skapl4kac9Iadl3/tf93tf skapl4kac9Jmgml3/tf9

3tf skapl4kac9L-dgjc3/tf9 3/tr9

3/tflgm93teaat9

3tr9 3tm9x3/tm9 3tm93/tm9 3tm93/tm9 3/tr9

3tr93tm kacspgi4;9Ejd mg Cjstg3/tm93/tr9

3/teaat9

3tàmy9

3tr9 3tm9 Haa 3/tm9 3tm9 76 3/tm9 3tm9 hagaBhaga.kad 3/tm9

3/tr9

3tr9 3tm9 Dgrjg 3/tm9 3tm9 02 3/tm9 3tm9 dgrjgBdgrjg.kad 3/tm9

3/tr9

3/tàmy9

3/tg`cl9

Cjstg ml Gcuias

Iadl Jmgml ldgjc

Haa 76 hagaBhaga.kad

Dgrjg 02 dgrjgBdgrjg.kad

V

Ejd mg cjstg

Dlisgnlis

Raml-sl gmjkjaigr dlisgnlis ia praklssgdlita ml udg rlqujsja pgrg qul slhgd das-

trgmgs ig prxjdg pnjig g slr lxj`jmg (rlspastg). A kmjna g slnujr dastrg kada gmjkjaigr

udg dlisgnld mlitra ml ud Dgignlm @lgi8

EgklsDlssgnl dlisgnld 4 ilw EgklsDlssgnl(

Gcuia Pldavjma)?

dlisgnld.slt[lvlrjty(EgklsDlssgnl.[LULPJ]ZQLPPAP)?

EgklsKaitlxt.nltKurrlitJistgikl().gmmDlssgnl(

iucc, dlisgnld)?

qA dtama gmmDlssgnl(), qul egz g gmja mg dlisgnld, tld majs pgrdltras87 [trjin8 ia lxldpca lst slima pgssgma iucc. a JM ma kadpailitl usgima-sl g

sjitgxl ml earducrja8 eardJm8kadpailitJm?

7 EgklsDlssgnl8 g dlisgnld praprjgdlitl mjtg.

Ld ud VF]DC, pgrg dastrgr Dlisgnlis, usgdas8

3f8dlssgnls /9

Ejnurg = .7=Gprlslitga

ia igvlngmar mludg tg`lcg kad

kg`lgcfas lramgps.


90/210

>=


G kcgssl EgklsDlssgnl g qul rlprlslitg udg dlisgnld g slr dastrgmg l passuj majs

kaistrutarls tljs l ud dtama pgrg mlijr g slvlrjmgml mg dlisgnld. [a lcls8

q7 EgklsDlssgnl([trjin rlsuda)8 krjg ud EgklsDlssgnl kad udg dlisgnld rlsudjmg?7 EgklsDlssgnl([trjin rlsuda, [trjin mltgcfls)8 krjg ud EgklsDlssgnl kad udg dli-

sgnld rlsudjmg l kad udg dlisgnld mltgcfgmg?

7slt[lvlrjty(EgklsDlssgnl.[lvlrjty)8 kainurg g slvlrjmgml mg dlisgnld, qul paml slr8

0 EgklsDlssgnl.[LULPJ]ZQJIEA

0 EgklsDlssgnl.[LULPJ]ZQ^GPI

0 EgklsDlssgnl.[LULPJ]ZQLPPA

0 EgklsDlssgnl.[LULPJ]ZQEG]GC

G tgn 3f8dlssgnls/9passuj as slnujitls gtrj`utas prjikjpgjs8

q7 sfawMltgjc8 trul/egcsl, sl mlvl au ia dastrgr as mltgcfls mg dlisgnld. Mleguct egcsl?7 sfaw[uddgry8 trul/egcsl, sl mlvl au ia dastrgr g dlisgnld rlsudjmg. Mleguct trul?

7 stycl, styclKcgss, lrrarKcgss, lrrar[tycl, egtgcKcgss, egtgc[tycl, jieaKcgss, jiea[tycl,wgriKcgss, wgri[tycl8 pgrg mlijr g kcgssl K[[ ml gprlslitga mg dlisgnld, ld

kgmg udg mgs slvlrjmgmls.

As kmjnas g slnujr dastrgd a VF]DC lxldpca l a Dgignlm @lgi lxldpca ml usa

ml dlisgnlis.

VF]DC

Gquj gpgrlkl g dlisgnld8

3f8dlssgnls stycl4kacar8 rlm sfawMltgjc4trul/9

3f8eard9

3f8kaddgim@uttai gktjai4#{[email protected]}

vgcul4Dlisgnld/9

3/f8eard9

Dgignlm @lgi

BIgdlm(vgcul 4 dlisgnldD@)

BPlqulst[kaplm

pu`cjk kcgss DlisgnldD@ {

pu`cjk DlisgnldD@() {

}

pu`cjk vajm krjgrDlisgnld() {

EgklsDlssgnl dlisgnld 4 ilw EgklsDlssgnl(Gcuia Pldavjma, A gcuia eajrldavjma kad suklssa)?

dlisgnld.slt[lvlrjty(EgklsDlssgnl.[LULPJ]ZQLPPAP)?

EgklsKaitlxt.nltKurrlitJistgikl().gmmDlssgnl(

iucc, dlisgnld)?

}

}


91/210

>5



93/210

>>

Kgptuca:

Kgptuca6>6>.

Iardgc8 722.6>6>6>6>

Kaivlrtjma8 722,66

722,6>66

Gctlrgr

Iardgc8 722.6>6>6>6>Kaivlrtjma8 P$ 722,66

P$ 722,66

Gctlrgr

Ia prjdljra lxldpca, a vgcar kaivlrtjma kad majs mnjtas gps g vrnucg ia tlx ta l kad

qugtra mnjtas ia kadpailitl ml litrgmg ml mgmas. Ia slnuima lxldpca, a vgcar eaj

kaivlrtjma pgrg kurrliky l, partgita, mlvl kaitlr g sjncg mg dalmg ma pgs karrlitl ia

igvlngmar (ia kgsa, P$).

Kaivlrsa ml mgtgs au fargs

G tg`lcg =.0 dastrg as gtrjùtas mg tgn 3e8kaivlrtMgtl]jdl9.

Gtrjùta Mlskrja

pgttlri Rgmra pgrg gprlslitga mg mgtg (mlejijma ld [jdpclMgtlEardgt) (lxldpca8 mm/DD/yyyy)

typl Rgrg lsplkjejkgr sl g mgtg, g farg au as majs slra gprlslitgmas (mgtl (mleguct), tjdl, àtf)

mgtl[tycl Lstjca mg mgtg g slr gprlslitgmg (mleguct, sfart, dlmjud, cain, eucc)

tjdl[tycl Lstjca ml gprlslitga mg farg (mleguct, sfart, dlmjud, cain, eucc), sadlitl sl typl ear tjdl au àtf

Cakgcl Rrlelrikjgs rlnjaigjs (ma cakgc) g slrld utjcjzgmgs igs kaivlrsls. (lxldpca8 ptQ@P)

As kmjnas g slnujr dastrgd ud lxldpca ml usa mg kaivlrsa ml mgtg au farg.

jimlx.xftdc

Iardgc8 3f8autput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} /93`r/9

Rgmra mm.DD.yy8 3f8autput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} 9

3e8kaivlrtMgtl]jdl pgttlri4mm.DD.yy /9

3/f8autput]lxt93`r/9

Lstjca Cain8 3f8autput]lxt vgcul4#{[email protected]} 9

3e8kaivlrtMgtl]jdl mgtl[tycl4cain /9

Ejnurg


99/210

6;

Kgptuca

Kgptuca>-Fj`lrigtl

pgkognl damlc?

jdpart hgvgx.plrsjstlikl.Litjty?

jdpart hgvgx.plrsjstlikl.]g`cl?

jdpart hgvgx.plrsjstlikl.NlilrgtlmUgcul?

jdpart hgvgx.plrsjstlikl.Nlilrgtjai]ypl?

jdpart hgvgx.plrsjstlikl.Jm?

jdpart hgvgx.plrsjstlikl.[lquliklNlilrgtar?

BLitjty

B]g`cl(igdl4t`Qtlstl)

B[lquliklNlilrgtar(igdl4slqulikjg, slquliklIgdl4slqQjm)

pu`cjk kcgss Rlssag {

prjvgtl Cain jm?


pu`cjk Rlssag() {

}

BJm

BNlilrgtlmUgcul(strgtlny4Nlilrgtjai]ypl.[LW\LIKL, nlilrgtar4slqulikjg)

pu`cjk Cain nltJm() {

rlturi tfjs.jm?

}

pu`cjk vajm sltJm(Cain jm) {

tfjs.jm 4 jm?

}

pu`cjk [trjin nltIadl() {

rlturi tfjs.iadl?

}

pu`cjk vajm sltIadl([trjin iadl) {

tfjs.iadl 4 iadl? }

}

jdpart arn.fj`lrigtl.[lssjai?

jdpart damlc.Rlssag?

jdpart utjc.Fj`lrigtl\tjc?

pu`cjk kcgss ]lstl {

pu`cjk stgtjk vajm dgji([trjin_T grns) {

Rlssag p 4 ilw Rlssag()?

p.sltIadl(Haa)?

[lssjai slssjai 4 Fj`lrigtl\tjc.

nlt[lssjaiEgktary().

apli[lssjai()?

slssjai.`lnji]rgisgktjai()?

slssjai.sgvl(p)?

slssjai.nlt]rgisgktjai().kaddjt()?

[ystld.aut.prjitci(p.nltIadl() +

Jislrjma kad suklssa.)?

}

}


144/210

706


Kcgssl plrsjstlitl

\dg kcgssl plrsjstlitl mlvl slr giatgmg pgrg qul slhg mlvjmgdlitl utjcjzgmg plca Fj`lrigtl.

qGs prjikjpgjs giatgls sa87 BLitjty8 jimjkg qul plrsjstlitl?

7 BJm8 jimjkg qul udg praprjlmgml Rrjdgry Oly?

7 B]g`cl8 jimjkg g tg`lcg karrlspaimlitl?

7 B[lquliklNlilrgtar/BNlilrgtlmUgcul8 jimjkgd gtrj`utas gutajikrldlitvljs.[lra vjstas ld sla lsplkkg ia mlkarrlr ma dgtlrjgc.

A kmjna g slnujr jdpcldlitg g kcgssl plrsjstlitl Gcuia.hgvg.

BLitjty

B]g`cl (igdl4t`Qgcuia)

B[lquliklNlilrgtar(igdl4slqulikjg, slquliklIgdl4slqQjm)

java frameworks e aplicações corporativas

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