Download - 02 SIMTEC 2011 _Caldeiras
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Agenda
1. Caracterizao da cana de acar
2. Projees de produo de cana de acar no Brasil
3. Evoluo das impurezas minerais
4. Evoluo das impurezas vegetais
5. Evoluo da demanda de energia eltrica
6. Participao do bagao da cana de acar na matrixenergtica nacional
7. Ponderaes
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IMPUREZASVEGETAIS
Ponteiro
Folhas Verdes
Folhas Secas
Colmos
Acar
Etanol
ELETRICIDADE
A Energia da Cana de Acar
+
608 x Mcal/tc
Bagaocom 50% umid.598 x Mcal/tc
Palhacom 15%
512 Mcal/tc
=>
=>
+
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Projeo de Processamento
634 676719 763
808 853898 944
990 1.037
Milhestc
Fonte: Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento
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Impurezas Minerais
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
Abril Maio Junho Julho Agosto Setembro Outubro Novembro Dezembro
Impurezas Minerais(Kg/tc)
Mida safras 06;07 e 08 Safra 09 Safra 10
Mdia Safras 06, 07 e 08
Fonte: GEGIS - Grupo de Estudos em Gesto Industrial do Setor Sucroalcooleiro
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Impurezas Minerais
Mdia Usinas Brasileiras (GEGIS): 10 kg/tc
Safra de 632 Mtc => 6,32 Mt IM base seca
Densidade Mdia IM: 1,75 t/m
Volume IM: 3,61 Mm/ano
1,4 Pirmidesde Quops
ao ano
Pirmide de Quops
Volume Pirmide ... 2,57 Mm3
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Impurezas Vegetais
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Abril Maio Junho Julho Agosto Setembro Outubro Novembro Dezembro
Impurezas Vegetais
(Kg/tc)
Mida safras 06;07 e 08 Safra 09 Safra 10Mdia Safras 06, 07 e 08
Fonte: GEGIS - Grupo de Estudos em Gesto Industrial do Setor Sucroalcooleiro
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PARTICIPAO EFETIVA DAS FONTES DE ENERGIA NA MATRIZ
Fonte: ANEEL - Banco de Informaes de Gerao
80%
9%
Bagaode Cana
18.516 GWh4%
3%
2%1%
1%
7%
2010: Gerao de 18.500 GWh, proveniente do bagao da cana de acar - 2,1 GWm (8.760 h)
Matriz Energtica Brasileira
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PARTICIPAO DA BIOMASSA DA CANA
EVOLUO DA OFERTA DE ENERGIA ELTRICA
Hidroeltricas
PARTICIPAO %
3,7 TWh 7,7 TWh
18,5 TWh
Histrico Gerao de Energia Eltrica no Brasil
OutrosNuclearBagao de Canaleo & GsHidro
349 TWh
403 TWh
504 TWh
87%84%
80%
1% 2% 4%
76%
100%
2000 2005 2010
Fonte: MME Ministrio de Minas e Energia Sries Histricas
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Premissas Projeo da Bioeletricidade
Hidroeltricas
100% Bagao voltado a produo de energia termeltrica
Processamento de 33% palha da cana de acar para energia
Garantias fsicas concedidas
Potncia equivalente c/200 dias efetivos de safra
Caldeiras 67 bar x 520oC
Combinao de turbinas de Contra Presso e Condensao
Processamento de cana de acar:
Moagem safra 2015/16 ... 808 Mtc
Moagem safra 2020/21 ... 1.037 Mtc
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Potencial Energtico da Cana de Acar
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Ponderaes
Fim das queimadas, no estado de So Paulo
Evoluo da mecanizao agrcola
Processo de difuso na extrao
Alongamento do perodo de safra
Operao durante o perodo de entressafra
Aumento das impurezas minerais
Aumento das impurezas (?) vegetais Aumento da demanda de energia eltrica no Brasil
Forte tendncia de utilizao de fontes renovveis de energia
Crescimento do setor sucroenergtico:
Novas fronteiras
Formao da mo de obra
Formao dos canaviais
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Fontes
MME - Ministrio de Minas e Energia - Sries Histricas
MME/EPE Plano Decenal de Expanso de Energia 2020
ANEEL - Agncia Nacional de Energia Eltrica - Banco deInformao de Gerao
CONAB A Gerao Termoeltrica com a Queima do Bagao deCana de Acar no Brasil
CTC Biomass Power Generation, Sugar Cane Bagasse and Trash
GEGIS Grupo de Estudos em Gesto Industrial Sucroalcooleira
Monografia/ESALQ Aproveitamento Agroindustrial do Palhioda Cana de Acar
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Histrico das Caldeiras Dedini
ZANINIZANINI
M. DEDINI
D.Z.
MetalrgicaDEDINI
Licena Zurn p/ Fab. Caldeiras
Licena Foster Wheeler
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Fornecimentos
Caldeiras a Bagao ......................................... 1.255 Caldeiras Industriais ................................... 393
Caldeiras a biomassa, exceto bagao ....... 3
Plantas de Cogerao ................................... 114
Total de Caldeiras ...................... 1.651
Obs.: dados at dez/2010
i i d ld i di i
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Histrico das Caldeiras Dedini
1920 - FUNDAO OFFICINAS DEDINI
1930 - CALDEIRA DEDINI VERTICAL E FOGOTUBULAR
1940 - CALDEIRA AQUATUBULAR TIPO BABCOCK E STIRLING1945 - CONTRATO COM COMBUSTION ENGINEERING
1951 - CALDEIRA ZANINI
1960 - PROJETOS DEDINI (V 2/4, V 2/5)
1977 - CONTRATO COM FOSTER WHEELER1979 CONTRATO COM ZURN GRELHA ROTATIVA
1981 - CALDEIRA DEDINI - BMP E AT
1985 CALDEIRA ZANINI - AZ/ZANITEC
1989 - SELO ASME - FABRICAO E MONTAGEM (S, U, PP)2000 CALDEIRA COGEMAX MULTICOMBUSTVEL PARA COGERAO
2001 CALDEIRA AT E AZ AT 250 t/h E GRELHA FLAT PIN HOLE
2005 CALDEIRA AT-SINGLE DRUM AT 400 t/h E 120 bar
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Envirotherm in General
ENVIROTHERM
an experienced and qualified engineering partn
with an extensive list of references and
strong growth based on a portfolio of
proprietary technologies acquired from LURGI
CLEAN ENERGYCLEAN
(Air Pollution C
Modern
Gasification Technologies
Highly Efficient
Flue Gas CleaninTechnologies
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Cooperation and License Agreements
SCR Catalysts Production
SCR-Process
Joint Venture with Dongfang Boiler G
Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Dongfang, SSEP for SCR process in
Cooperation with ERC GmbH, Germ
FB/CFB Power Plants Cooperation with the Slovak Boiler M
DEDINI, Brazil, for fluid bed technolo
Gasification
Shriram epc, India, fluid bed (CFB) a
fixed bed (BGL) gasification
Collaboration with CEMEX on CFB g
Industry (industrial know-how from R
University of Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Ge
CUTEC Institute R&D in CFB gasif
Clean
Energy
nAir
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Clean Combustion TechnoloBFB and CFB
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Bubbling and Circulating Fluidized Bed Technologies are
base technologies in utility and other industries for c
(high/low rank), biomass and various residual materials (sl
Fluidized Beds represent proven and reliable technolog
reference plants and excellent emission values.
Downstream technologies for dry dedusting (Electrosta
Fabric Filter) are available with Envirotherm and are desi
with the latest environmental laws/directives.
BFBs cover the lower capacity range of steam production
Fluidized Bed Combustion:
Available Technologies
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Increase in moisture content (up to 65%):
lower heating value, resulting in higher amount of flue gas
Increase in chlorine content (up to 0,05%):
high potential for High Temperature Chlorine Corrosion i
appropriate design
Increase in content of impurities/ash (up to 10%):to be considered in boiler and equipment design
Increase in sulphur content (up to 0,05%):
use of limestone required in order to meet legal SO2 emiss
New Bagasse = New Challenge
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Use of primary air for fluidization and of secondarycombustion as well as for enhanced temperature and emis
Injection of fuel directly into the bed via several feeding
support a homogeneous energy input across the combusto
Proven fluidizing nozzles with low pressure drop,
but even air distribution
Bubbling Fluidized Bed (1)
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Coarse ash classification and re-feed into the BFB combus
high amount of ash in the fuel and
low amount of alkalines in the fuel ash
Desulphurization is possible via limestone injection
Operable load range between 50 and 100%
Application in the lower capacity range
High reliability due to
simple and robust design
good temperature control: avoids agglomerations
Bubbling Fluidized Bed (3)
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Circulating Fluidized Bed (1)
Basic Principles of CFB Combustion
Intense and turbulent mixing of solid fuel,
air and flue gas
Uniform system temperature: no peaks,no agglomerations
No HP-steam bundles in the ash stream:
no bundle erosion
Low and controlled combustion
temperature due to Fluidized Bed Heat
Exchanger technology
Generous residence time:
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Circulating Fluidized Bed (2)
Basic Flow Sheet of a CFB Boiler
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Optimum and stable combustion conditions for lowest em
Efficient sulphur capture in the CFB combustor by limest
Low NOx emissions due to
low combustion temperature
low excess air ratio
staged combustion
Partial capture of chlorine and fluorine
in the CFB combustor
High boiler efficiency due to
Circulating Fluidized Bed (3)
Emissions and Efficiency
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Fluidized Beds: Comparison
Feature BubblingFluidized Bed
Emissions NOx
CO
Dust
SO2Capture
HCl and HF Capture
Combustor Cross Section
Complexity of Combustion System
Part icle Residence Time
Uniformity of Combustion Temperature
min. Part Load Capabilty
Boiler Efficiency
Abili ty of Fir ing Varying Fuel Qualities
Abili ty to Cope with "New Bagasse"
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As a participant in Simtec 2011 ENVIROT
pleased with the introduction of our techno
Brazilian market, and we reaffirm our complethe potential and performance of the Fluidized
Our partnership with DEDINI reinforces thisguarantees that all the advantages of the
Boilers will be fully exploited to the benefit
sugar, ethanol and bioelectricity market.
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Obrigado!
for your attention
Envirotherm GmbHWerner-Fr. Staab
Head of Sales (Thermal Processes
Lanamento
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Lanamento
2011LANAMENTO DAS CALDEIRAS COM LEITO FLUIDIZADO
&