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FDOLWDWHDO LQFLQWHL IE IUHFYHQyDGH UH]RQDQyxDGHVFKLGHULL EDVVUHIOH[

G'GLDPHWUXOED]HLFRQXOXLGLIX]RUXOXL


7RyLDFHwWLSDUDPHWULSRW ILXwRUGHWHUPLQDyLSUDFWLFSULQPxVXUxWRUL

DVXSUDXQXLGLIX]RUYH]LOXFUDUHD

9RP SUH]HQWD ÁQ FRQWLQXDUH UH]XOWDWHOH VLPXOxULL XQXL GLIX]RU GH

MRDVH FDUDFWHUL]DW GH IRV +] 4HV 4PV 5H Ω /H P+

G' FPH[FXUVLDPD[LPxξPD[ PP

'HRDUHFH SURJUDPXO SUHYHGH QXPDL SRVLELOLWDWHD XWLOL]xULL

GLIX]RDUHORUÁQLQFLQWHSHQWUXDSXWHDVLPXODGLIX]RUXOOLEHUYRPFRQVLGHUD

GLIX]RUXOSXV ÁQWUR LQFLQWxFXYROXPXO9E P5H]XOWDWHOH VLPXOxULL

VXQW FHOH SUH]HQWDWH ÁQ ILJXUD SUHVLXQHD DFXVWLFx wL ILJXUD

SXWHUHDDFXVWLFxWRWDOx

23. EXEMPLU, Acoustic Pressure Level AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

53

56

58

61

63

66

69

71

74

76

79

Frequency Hz

dBUin=1V, Distance=1m

Horiz.=0, Vert.=0

)LJXUD3UHVLXQHDDFXVWLFxODLQFLGHQyxQRUPDOxODGLVWDQyD

GHPWHQVLXQHGHVHPQDO9

3XWHUHDDFXVWLFx WRWDOx ODRDQXPLWx IUHFYHQyxVHREyLQH yLQµQGFRQW

GHXQGHOHVRQRUHHPLVHÁQIDyxGHGLIX]RUSHXQIURQWGHXQGxVHPLVIHULF

OXµQG ÁQ FDOFXO wL FDUDFWHULVWLFD GH GLUHFWLYLWDWH D GLIX]RUXOXL $VWIHO VH

H[SOLFxFxGHUHDPDLEUXVFx OD IUHFYHQyH ÁQDOWH DSXWHULL DFXVWLFH WRWDOH OD

IUHFYHQyHPDULwLXQJKLXULGHLQFLGHQyxGLIHULWHGHGLUHFWLYLWDWHDHVWHPXOW

UHGXVx


9. EXEMPLU, Total Acoustical Power Level AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

43

47

50

54

57

61

65

68

72

75

79

Frequency Hz

dBUin=1V

Cross integral 50%

)LJXUD3XWHUHDDFXVWLFxWRWDOxWHQVLXQHGHVHPQDO926. EXEMPLU, Total Input Impedance Amplitude AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

4

6

7

9

11

13

14

16

18

19

21

Frequency Hz

ohmZin of all systems

)LJXUD,PSHGDQyDGHLQWUDUHDGLIX]RUXOXLOLEHU24. EXEMPLU, Total Input Impedance Amplitude AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

4

6

7

9

11

13

14

16

18

19

21

Frequency Hz


)LJXUD,PSHGDQyDGHLQWUDUHDGLIX]RUXOXLÁQLQFLQWxFX9E GP


¡Q ILJXUD VH SRDWH REVHUYD YDULDyLD LPSHGDQyHL GH LQWUDUH

REVHUYµQGXVH UH]RQDQyD OD +] YH]L wL OXFUDUHD ¡Q FD]XO ÁQ FDUH

PRQWxP GLIX]RUXO ÁQWUR LQFLQWx FX YROXPXO 9E GP 6H REVHUYx

PXWDUHDUH]RQDQyHLODRIUHFYHQyxPDLPDUH≈+]ILJXUD

9RPDQDOL]DÁQFRQWLQXDUHFD]XODFHOXLDwLGLIX]RUPRQWDWÁQVxÁQWUR

LQFLQWxFXGHVFKLGHUH9ROXPXOLQFLQWHLUxPµQHODYDORDUHD9E GPwLVH

SUDFWLFxRGHVFKLGHUHFRUHVSXQ]xWRDUHXQHLIUHFYHQyHGHUH]RQDQyxIE +]

SHUPLVxGHSURJUDPwLDSURSLDWxGH IUHFYHQyDGH UH]RQDQyxDGLIX]RUXOXL

OLEHU37. EXEMPLU, Total Input Impedance Amplitude AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

4

6

7

9

11

13

14

16

18

19

21

Frequency Hz


)LJXUD,PSHGDQyDGHLQWUDUHDVLVWHPXOXLEDVVUHIOH[41. EXEMPLU, Total Input Impedance Amplitude AkAbak (R)

200170140120100959080706050454035302520

4 4

6 6

7 7

9 9

11 11

13 13

14 14

16 16

18 18

19 19

21 21

Frequency Hz

ohm ohmZin of all systems

40. EXEMPLU, Total Input Impedance Amplitude; Zin of all systems

)LJXUD5H]RQDQyHOHSHQWUXEDVVUHIOH[wLSHQWUXGLIX]RUXOOLEHU


6HSUH]LQWxÁQILJXUDLPSHGDQyDGHLQWUDUHDGLIX]RUXOXLPRQWDW

ÁQ LQFLQWD FX GHVFKLGHUH REVHUYµQGXVH FHOH GRXx PD[LPH SUHYx]XWH ÁQ

WHRULH ¡Q ILJXUD VXQW VXSUDSXVH UH]RQDQyHOH DSxUXWH ÁQ JUDILFXO

LPSHGDQyHL GH LQWUDUHSHQWUXGLIX]RUXO OLEHU wL SHQWUXGLIX]RUXOPRQWDW ÁQ

LQFLQWDFXGHVFKLGHUH

¡Q FRQWLQXDUH VH SUH]LQWx FDUDFWHULVWLFD GH IUHFYHQyx D SUHVLXQLL

DFXVWLFH OD GLVWDQyD GH P LQFLGHQyx QRUPDOx ILJXUD wL D SXWHULL

DFXVWLFHWRWDOHILJXUDFXDFHHDwLREVHUYDyLHFDÁQFD]XOILJXULL

DPEHOHSHQWUXRWHQVLXQHGHVHPQDOGH936. EXEMPLU, Acoustic Pressure Level AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

40

44

48

52

56

60

64

68

72

76

80

Frequency Hz


Horiz.=0, Vert.=0

)LJXUD3UHVLXQHDDFXVWLFxDVLJXUDWxGHVLVWHPXOEDVVUHIOH[7. EXEMPLU, Total Acoustical Power Level AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

40

44

48

52

56

60

64

68

72

76

80

Frequency Hz

dBUin=1V

Cross integral 50%

)LJXUD3XWHUHDDFXVWLFxWRWDOxDVLVWHPXOXLEDVVUHIOH[


¡QILJXUDSXWHPREVHUYDÁPEXQxWxyLUHDUxVSXQVXOXLODIUHFYHQyH

MRDVHÁQFD]XOXWLOL]xULLVLVWHPXOXLEDVVUHIOH[FDUDFWHULVWLFxFDUHFRQVWLWXLH

DYDQWDMXOFHGXFHODXWLOL]DUHDH[WLQVxDDFHVWHLLQFLQWH47. EXEMPLU, Acoustic Pressure Level AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

40 40

45 45

50 50

55 55

60 60

65 65

70 70

75 75

80 80

85 85

90 90

Frequency Hz

dB dBUin=1V, Distance=1m

Horiz.=0, Vert.=0

48. EXEMPLU, Acoustic Pressure LevelUin=1V, Distance=1m; Horiz.=0, Vert.=0

)LJXUD¡PEXQxWxyLUHDUxVSXQVXOXLODMRDVxIUHFYHQyxÁQFD]XO

XWLOL]xULLVLVWHPXOXLEDVVUHIOH[44. EXEMPLU, Directivity Pattern Level AkAbak (R)

0-15-30-45-60-75-90 0 15 30 45 60 75 90

75 -1

75.4 6.2

75.8 13.4

76.2 20.6

76.6 27.8

77 35

77.4 42.2

77.8 49.4

78.2 56.6

78.6 63.8

79 71

Listening angle °

dB dBUin=1V, Distance=1m

Horiz.-Frequ.=60Hz

Horiz.-Frequ.=1kHz

46. EXEMPLU, Directivity Pattern LevelUin=1V, Distance=1m; Horiz.-Frequ.=10kHz

)LJXUD&DUDFWHULVWLFLGHGLUHFWLYLWDWHDOHVLVWHPXOXLEDVVUHIOH[

'HRDUHFH DP PHQyLRQDW LPSRUWDQyD FDUDFWHULVWLFLL GH GLUHFWLYLWDWH

SHQWUXFDOFXOXOSXWHULLDFXVWLFHWRWDOHYRPSUH]HQWDFDUDFWHULVWLFDGLQILJXUD

6HREVHUYxFRPSRUWDUHDRPQLGLUHFyLRQDOxDGLIX]RUXOXLODIUHFYHQyH

MRDVH+]/DIUHFYHQyHPHGLL.+]HIHFWXOHVWHGHVWXOGHUHGXVÁQVx

OD IUHFYHQyH ÁQDOWH .+] VH REyLQ YDORUL DOH SUHVLXQLL DFXVWLFH PXOW


UHGXVH RUGRQDWD FRUHVSXQ]xWRDUH HVWH FHD GLQ GUHDSWD YDORULOH QLYHOXOXL

ILLQGPXOWPDLPLFLDYµQGSROLSHQWUXDQXPLWHXQJKLXULGHLQFLGHQyx

¡Q ILQDO YRP SUH]HQWD FD]XO VLPXOxULL XQXL VLVWHP FRPSOH[ FH

FRQyLQHXQGLIX]RUGHMRDVHgZRRIHUhXQXOGHIUHFYHQyHÁQDOWHgWZHHWHUh

ÁPSUHXQxFXILOWUHOHGHVHSDUDyLHFRUHVSXQ]xWRDUHPRQWDWHÁQWURLQFLQWxFX

GHVFKLGHUH3HQWUXDFHVWVLVWHPYRPSUH]HQWDFDUDFWHULVWLFDGHIUHFYHQyxD

SXWHULLDFXVWLFH WRWDOHILJXUDwLDSUHVLXQLLDFXVWLFH ILJXUD

9RPSUH]HQWDGHDVHPHQHDFDUDFWHULVWLFLOHGHLQWUDUHDLPSHGDQyHORUFHORU

GRXxGLIX]RDUHFDRMXVWLILFDUHDXWLOL]xULLFHORUGRXxGLIX]RDUHODGRPHQLL

GHIUHFYHQyxGLIHULWHILJXUD6. DEMO5, Total Acoustical Power Level AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

37

41

46

50

55

59

63

68

72

77

81

Frequency Hz

dBUin=1V

Cross integral 50%

)LJXUD&DUDFWHULVWLFDGHIUHFYHQyxDSXWHULLDFXVWLFHWRWDOH5. DEMO5, Acoustic Pressure Level AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

34

39.1

44.2

49.3

54.4

59.5

64.6

69.7

74.8

79.9

85

Frequency Hz


Horiz.=0, Vert.=0

)LJXUD&DUDFWHULVWLFDGHIUHFYHQyxDSUHVLXQLLDFXVWLFHGLVWDQyDP


2. DEMO5, Network Impedance Amplitude AkAbak (R)

20k14k9k6k4k3k2k1k70050030020010070503020

4

6

7

9

11

13

14

16

18

19

21

Frequency Hz

ohmwoofer,

tweeter,

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3UH]HQWxP ÁQ FRQWLQXDUH ILwLHUXO VXUVx VFULSW UHPDUFµQGXVH

VLPSOLWDWHDGHVFULHULLXQXLVLVWHPGHVWXOGHFRPSOH[

|Diffraction of finite baffle with|width and height 20cm x 50cm

|Simulation e.g.: Sum/Acoustic Pressure

Def_BassUnit 'B1' fs=50Hz Vas=10L Qms=1 Qes=0.5 Re=5ohm Le=1mH dD=10cm dD1=2cm tD1=1cm fp=2000Hz Xmss=5mm Vb=10L Qb/fo=0.1

Def_Speaker 'S1' dD=2cm tD1=5mm |Convex Dome t1=2mm fp=10kHz fs=2kHz Mms=0.5g Qms=1 Qes=1 Re=5ohm Le=50uH

System 'woofer' BassUnit Def='B1' Node=1=0 x=0 y=-10cm z=0 HAngle=0 VAngle=0


WEdge=20cm HEdge=50cm Filter fo=5kHz b0=1; |Changed in contrast to documentation a2=1; a1=1.414214; a0=1;

System 'tweeter' Speaker Def='S1' Node=1=0 x=0 y=0 z=0 HAngle=0 VAngle=0 WEdge=20cm HEdge=50cm Filter fo=5kHz b2=1; a2=1; a1=1.414214; a0=1;

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