seminários sobre inovação e desenvolvimento sustentável oct 2009alberto r. cunha1 mobility...

Seminários sobre Inovação e Desenvolvimento Sustentável

Oct 2009 Alberto R. Cunha 1

Mobility

Intelligent MobilityMobility Systems or

Intelligent Transport Systems

Electronics and Information Technologies for Mobility Systems

Alberto Ramos da Cunha

[email protected]



Plan

• IT devices in mobility environments

• IT trends

• Primitive functions of IMS (Intelligent Mobility Systems)• Detection and identification of people and equipment (vehicles)

• Traffic command and control

• Navigation

• Safety and accident prevention

• Real-time information

• Information management, decision support systems



MobilityPersonal devices

• People, goods and equipments (namely vehicles) are entities which move or are moved

• Mobile or personal devices are a becoming an ubiquitous way of identification and communication– Examples: smart cards, RFID tags, smart phones



MobilityEmbedded systems

• Embedded systems are electronic systems included in other (larger) systems

• Automotive – Safety, security, energy management, comfort

– Examples: Engine management, ABS, stability control, parking sensors, navigation, on-board entertainment (audio/video), driver monitoring



MobilityIntelligent Transport Systems (ITS)

• Command, control and monitoring systems covering a wide-area, an infrastructure, or an organisation – Early warning and response to incidents

– Operations management

• Examples: Fleet management (automatic vehicle location), dynamic signals, real-time driver/passenger information systems, tolling



IT trends

• Computing power is closely related with the evolution of microelectronics technologies– Active devices on a circuit increase 55% per year

– Memory capacity doubles each 1,5 to 2 years

• Communications bandwidth– On local area networks increased an order of magnitude in 5 years

• These are steady trends from the 1970s

Embedded intelligence is here to stay



Building-block technologies

• Sensors (energy, speed, accelerations, vibrations, orientation, light, rain, proximity, vital signs)

• Detection and identification (RF/ID, image processing)

• Local communications (automotive buses, proximity networks) and mobile communications

• Information systems



Detection and Identification

People and vehicles are identified with different technologiesPeople• Identification through a personal device (a smart card, a

NFC mobile phone)Vehicle – Infrastructure (Road)• Detection and identification through a identifier (RFID or

Dedicated Short Range Communication) or by image capture and processing

Vehicle – Vehicle • Detection by ultrasounds, radars and intelligent networks



Person identification

Transport cards

A transport card is a personal electronic device with the following features

• Low transaction time ( 150 ms)

• Simple user interface

• Logic security

• Reduced cost

• Capacity to support new services

Contactless card



Lisboa Viva card

• Microprocessor contactless card– Double interface (with and

without contact)– Multi-services

• Contactless validators

• E-ticket – Small cost and reusable electronic “paper” ticket

• Universal data model

22

44

44

33

Link Consulting, OTLIS



Vehicle identification

There are several techniques to identify vehicles, requiring different levels of vehicle and roadside equipments:

• With pre-defined channels RF antennas and identifiers (DSRC)

Via Verde, Electronic License Plate

• With open control points Image processingLondon Congestion Charging

• Open space Satellite-based location and mobile communications

Fleet management systems



Vehicle identification

ID channels Dedicated Non dedicated Open

Radio-frequency Image recognition Satellite based location

Onboard equipament

Identifier - Identifier and mobile communications

Detection Explicit Non explicit Non explicit

Detection complexity Small Large Large

Application flexibility

Reduced Reasonable:•License plates•Infractions

Reasonable:•Navigation•Tracking

Example Via Verde London Congestion Charging

Fleet management stystems

Virtual tolling



Vehicle identification by DSRC

• Road tolling• Access control to restricted areas• Parking

• Proprietary schemes will evolve to future Electronic License Plate standard

© Brisa, EMEL



London Congestion Charging



AVL systems (1/2)Carris example

© Carris, Tecmic



AVL systems (2/2)Carris example

© Carris, Tecmic



Real-time user information

Inform the user about the services and infrastructures available and of their status

• Dynamic information panels

• Personal devices or vehicle terminals– Information and “alarmistics” on the mobile phone

SMS Carris service

– Radio Data System – Traffic Message Channel

• Internet (or mobile Internet)http://www.iestradas.pt/trafego/images



Information processing

Data collection from automatic detection and identification enables

• Real-time control of a system• To know the patterns of utilisation of a system and

to anticipate future demands




Ex: Transport mode with a closed network

1. Card + Validator Validation record

2. Validation record Station server

3. Station server Operator server

Entry Exit

4. Operator server Intermodal server

Exit at Operator A Entry at Operator B

...




Operational systems• Infraction detection (excess speed, unauthorised parking, reserved

lanes, etc.)• Real-time information to users• Route planning

Management systems• Driver behaviour• Fleet management (maintenance, costs control)• Mobility patterns – Origin/Destination matrices • Financial clearing• Payment of services and tolling



The future

• More safety– Location, detection and early warning of hazards

– Driver monitoring

• More security– Vehicle tracking

• More comfort – Real-time information and integrated navigation

– Virtual tolling

• More flexible services– Car sharing



The futureGPS/EGNOS

Regional CC

Telecom Satelite

Road SideEquipmentRegional

CC

GPS/EGNOS

Satelite Link

Telecom Telecom

Satelite Link

NavigationTerminal © INOV



Intelligent environment

“BMW ConnectedDrive seeks to intelligently network the driver with his car and the surroundings, thus making road traffic safer, more efficient, and more comfortable”

BMW



Electronic and information technologies

• Will became ubiquitous in our hands, cars, roads and cities

• Are powerfool tools to increase our knowledge of the mobility patterns of motorised and non-motorised people

• Can be integrated in large Intelligent Mobility Systems which, if properly build and driven will contribute to improve our quality of life



Mobility

Intelligent Transport Systemsor

Intelligent MobilityMobility Systems

Electronics and Information Technologies for Mobility Systems

Alberto Ramos da Cunha

[email protected]

seminários sobre inovação e desenvolvimento sustentável oct 2009alberto r. cunha1 mobility...

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