Rio de JaneiroThe city by the Guanabara Bay - 2016MAURO FRIEDRICHTOUR GUIDE

Guanabara BayRio de Janeiro and Nicteroy cities

Niterói

GuanabaraBay

Forte da Ilha da Laje(Rock Island Fort)

Fortaleza de Santa Cruz(Holy Cross Fortress)

Fortaleza de São João(Saint John Fortress)

Tom Jobim Airport(GIG)

Santos Dumond Airport(SDU)

Guanabara BayRio – Nicteroy Bridge

Official name: President Costa e Silva Bridge Lenght: 13,29 kilometers (= 8,245 miles) 2nd World’s Longest Bridge (1974 – 1985) 11th World’s Longest Bridge (2016) 1 st South Hemisphere’s Longest concrete block

bridge Span: 8 traffic lanes (4 lanes each hand) Cross over Guanabara Bay between Rio de Janeiro and

Nicteroy cities Construction period: November 9th 1969 - March 4 th 1974

Official opening ceremony date: March 4th 1974

Guanabara BayRio – Nicteroy Bridge (Central Span)

Height : 72 meters ( = 236 feet)

above sea level. Traffic : 140.000 vehicules daily. Toll Bridge by ECO Ponte

Guanabara BayRio – Nicteroy Bridge (inside picture)

Bridge parts were assembled by cranes on the spot during construction

Guanabara Bay at dusk

Location: Guanabara Bay entrance (Nicteroy

side) - Jurujuba 1555 – French palisade with 2

cannons built by french comander Nicolas Durand Villegnagnon

1584 – Portuguese fort built by portuguese governor Salvador Correia de Sá, named Bateria Nossa Senhora da Guia

1612 – Portuguese governor Afonso de Albuquerque up graded the premise to a fortress status renamed Santa Cruz

Guanabara BayFortaleza de Santa Cruz(Holy Cross Fortress)

Guanabara Bay – Fortaleza de Santa CruzSome famous military and political prisioners at fortress

José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, Brazilian Independence father (1823)

Giuseppe Garibaldi, italian revolutionary (1837) Bento Gonçalves, Brazilian revolutionary (1837) Fructuoso Rivera, 1830 – 1834 first Uruguayan

president (1851) Euclides da Cunha, Brazilian writer (1888) Juscelino Kubitschek, 1956 – 1961 Brazilian

president (1964)

Fortress jail cell carved under rock

Guanabara BayFortaleza de São João (Urca)(Saint John Fortress)

Location: Guanabara Bay entrance (Rio de Janeiro side) 1565 – Built by the founder of the

city and first Rio de Janeiro governor ,Estácio de Sá, named Reduto São Martinho.

1618 – Up grade to fortress and renamed as Fortaleza de São João.

Guanabara BayFortaleza de São João (Urca)(Saint John Fortress)

First Rio de Janeiro Governor, Estácio de Sá, founded São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro village at Praia Vermelha (Red Beach) on March 1 1565

Guanabara BayEstacio de Sá Monument

1563 – Estacio de Sá, the nephew of Brazil General Governor, Mem de Sá, arrived in Salvador, Bahia (first colonial Brazilian capital)

1565 – Mem de Sá assigned his nephew to conquer Guanabara Bay and expel french invaders, who settle there since 1555 (10 years before).

1565 – Estácio de Sá arrived at Praia Vermelha (Red Beach) and founded San Sebastian of Rio de Janeiro village.

1565 – 1567 – Two years of combates between portuguese, french and natives tribes of Tamoios and Temiminós.

1973 – Lucio Costa’s designed the monument as a rock made obelisk.

Governor Estacio de Sá (1520 – 1567), founded Rio de Janeiro on March

1st 1565

Location: Ilha do Governador (Governor Island) 1924 – Navy Air Force School and first

national airplanes factory. 1935 – Correio Aéreo Nacional base 1945 – Galeão International Airport 1977 – New Galeão International Airport 1999 – Renamed Tom Jobim International

Antonio Carlos Jobim, Brazilian Maestro

Santos Dumont Airport (SDU)

Location : Downtown Rio 1934 – 1936 - Air field built 1937 – Hidro planes terminal. 1938 – First Rio’s airport passengers

terminal. 2007 – New SDU passengers terminal

Alberto Santos Dumont, 1906’s Brazilian flight pionner and his invention ,14 Bis

glider

Guanabara BayBotafogo Beach

Named after João de Souza Pereira Botafogo, landlord of the allotment (sesmaria – old portuguese plot of uncultivated land assigned to settlers by the king of Portugal).

Guanabara BayPão de Açúcar (Sugar Loaf) Location: Guanabara Bay entrance Height : 396 meters (= 1.300 feet) 1555 – French invaders named

the rock as “Pot de Beurre” Middle XIX Century –

Portuguese named it “Pão de Açúcar” due its shape like “sugar loaf”.

1912 - 1972 – First cable car system

1972 – Up graded cable car system and passenger terminals.

Sugar loaf made of

sugar cane on old mills

in Brazil

Guanabara BayFlamengo Park or Aterro (Landfill)

1950 – First landfill movements. 1954 – MAM – Modern Art Museum 1955 – International Eucaristic Congress 1959 – II World War Memorial 1965 – Flamengo Park inaugurated

Flamengo beach on

1959

Guanabara BayFlamengo Park or Aterro (Landfill)

Official name: Brigadeiro Eduardo Gomes

Park

Length: 7 kilometers Area: 1,300,000 square

meters Projected by: Affonso Eduardo Reydi (1909

– 1964) Landscape gardener by: Roberto Burle Marx Main Project Supporter: Lotta Macedo Soares (1910 –

1967)

Guanabara BayOuteiro da Glória (Glory Church)

1555 – Outeiro hill or Leripe hill (also named by natives “Uruçú-mirim”) were a place of french invaders palisade.

January 20th 1567 – Governor and founder of Rio de Janeiro city, Estácio de Sá, leading portuguese troops, fought against french invaders. He succeed but he was mortally wounded by an arrow shot on his face. He conquered Rio’s land for the Portuguese crown.

1608 – First Our Lady of Glory sculpture was set there by portuguese settler named Ayres.

1671 – First chapel built by a portuguese settler Antonio Caminha, the hermit.

1808 – Dom João VI, the Regent Prince of Portugal and Brazil, arrived in Rio with all portuguese royalties. He made made the little church one of his prefered churches.

1819 – Princess Maria da Gloria, born in Rio de Janeiro, (later Mary II, Queen of Portugal from 1834 to 1853) was baptized at the church. Since then, all Bragança dinasty members born in Brazil were baptized at the Outeiro Church.

Guanabara BayPracinhas Monument (II World War Memorial)

Brazilian Armed Forces Commander on II WW (FEB) and Brazilian Army Marshall João Batista Mascarenhas de Moraes (1883 – 1968) was the great supporter for this memorial.

1957 – 1959 – Under construction

1960 - 462 Brazilian soldiers coffins were brought from Pistóia Military Cementery, in Italy to be buried here.

Unkown Soldier Tomb with the Memorial Flame is located under the “Big Crutch”, popular nickname of the “Great Victory Gateway”.Alfredo Ceschiatti’s 3 Brazilian Armed Forces soldiers

sculpture.

Julio Catelli Filho’s Brazilian Air Force (FAB) sculpture

Guanabara BayMAM – Modern Art Museum

1948 – MAM was founded by business group leaded by Raymundo de Castro Maya.

1951 – MAM was located at Culture Palace, at Rio’s downtown.

1952 – Rio’s City Council donated to MAM a 40 Thousand square meters land parcel on Flamengo Park for future museum building.

1954 – Affonso Eduardo Reidy projected the building.

1958 – First School block was inaugurated, 1963 – Exhibhitions building was

inaugurated. July 8th 1978 – Great fire destroyed 90%of

all museum artworks, including Picasso’s 1930’s paiting serie of his mistress: “Dora Maar Portrait”

1982 – MAM re-opened at same site.

Guanabara BayPaquetá Island Paquetá means “too much

pakas” in Tupi (native tribe) language.

Paka is a small rodent in South America habitat.

Guanabara BayPaquetá Island (area map)

Guanabara BayNovember 15th Square (Praça XV)

1565 – Praia da Piaçava 1770 – Largo do terreiro da Polé, Largo do Carmo, Praça do Carmo 1745 – Terreiro do Paço, Largo do Paço (Palace Square) 1870 – Praça Dom Pedro II 1899 - Praça XV de Novembro (date of Republican proclamation)

Master Valentin Fountain (1789)

Guanabara BayNovember 15th Square (Praça XV)

Dom João VI, Regent Princess of Portugal and Brazil, arrived in Rio on 1808, up graded the city as Brazil and Portugal Kingdom capital.

Paço Municipal (City Palace) and first Brazilian mint house (1745)

First Rio’s city building with glass windows

Guanabara BayNovember 15th Square (Praça XV)

General Manuel Luis Osório (1808 – 1879), also known as General Osório, Brazil –Paraguay 1865 - 1869 war veteran, and received after war ended a rank of nobility as Marquês do Herval (Marquis of Herval). His estatue and tomb was built on 1892 and on 1993 his remains were trasladed to the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul.

Guanabara BayIlha Fiscal (Fiscal Island)

1881 - 1889 – Built as Duane & Customs Departament for Rio’s harbour.

November 13th 1889 – Took place here the last Great Official Ball of Brazilian Emperor, before Republic proclamation 2 days later.

Guanabara BayMosteiro de São Bento ( Saint Benedictus Monastery)

1590 – Founded by Benedictian Brotherwood

1633 – 1671 – Church was built in Maneirista style.

1755 – Cloister was built.

Guanabara BayTomorrow Museum (2015)

Location: Praça Mauá (Mauá Square) Created by: Santiago

Calatrava (spanish arquitect)

Inaugurated: December 17 th

2015

Guanabara BayCais do Porto (Rio harbour)

Built in 1903 – 1910 Lenght: 6,740 meters Old coffee beans sacks

wharehouse

1949 -1952 – Mauá Square Pier

2015 – The Tomorrow Museum

Guanabara BayNicteroy city side

Nicteroy = “hidden waters” in native languagePopulation: 500.000 inhabitantsArea: 129 square kilometersFundation: November 22 15731567 – Grand Chief Arararibóia and the native tribe Temiminós settle the area named as São Lourenço dos Índios Village. Governor Estacio de Sá gave them the right to settle there instead of Paranapuan Island (now Governor Island).1819 - 1834 – Named Vila Real da Praia Grande.1835 - 1975 – Renamed Nicteroy, became Rio de Janerio province capital.

Guanabara BayNicteroy city (Nyemeyer Way)

Designed by: Brazilian Architect Oscar Nyemeyer

10 buildings projected MAC (1995) Popular Theatre of Nicteroy

(2007) – Praia Grande – 380 seats inside.

Extension: 11 kliometers

Guanabara BayNicteroy city (Contemporaneous Art Museum - MAC)

Designed by: Brazilian Architect Oscar Nyemeyer

MAC - Museu de Arte Contemporânea (1995) – Boa Viagem District