pymdagenerator: uma ferramenta para geração automática de aplicações baseada em mda

5/25/2018 PyMDAGenerator: Uma Ferramenta para gera o autom tica de aplica es baseada em ...

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I.F.Y.G.P IFERPJ BF FYRVBJY F YLYRFKGYGSGEGBJY BJ PFILCF

PLIGPBJ PJ@FPRJ BF ALKG

Vkg jrqufstrgj bf ijkpjefetfs pgrg nfrgjsfkl-gutjktlig bf gpaligfs `gsfgbg fk KBG

PFILCF

0472



PLIGPBJ PJ@FPRJ BF ALKG

Vkg jrqufstrgj bf ijkpjefetfs pgrg nfrgj

sfkl-gutjktlig bf gpaligfs `gsfgbg fk KBG

Blssfrtgj gprfsfetgbg gj prjnrgkg bfKfstrgbj fk Fenfemgrlg bf Yjctwgrf bj Ifetrjbf Fstubjs f Ylstfkgs Gvgegbjs bj Pfilcf,

ijkj rfqulsltj pgrg g j`tfej bj ttuaj bf Kfstrffk Fenfemgrlg bf Yjctwgrf.

Jrlfetgj? Trjc. Slelilus Igrbjsj Ngrilg, B.Yi.

PFILCF

0472



I.F.Y.G.P IFERPJ BF FYRVBJY F YLYRFKGYGSGEGBJY BJ PFILCF

Vkg jrqufstrgj bf ijkpjefetfs pgrg nfrgjsfkl-gutjktlig bf gpaligfs `gsfgbg fk KBG

PLIGPBJPJ@FPRJBFALKG

Blssfrtgj gprfsfetgbg gj prjnrgkg bfKfstrgbj fk Fenfemgrlg bf Yjctwgrf bjIfetrj bf Fstubjs f Ylstfkgs Gvgegbjs bjPfilcf, ijkj rfqulsltj pgrg g j`tfej bj ttuajbf Kfstrf fk Fenfemgrlg bf Yjctwgrf.

Bgtg bf gprjvgj?

97 / OGEFLPJ / 0472.

@geig fxgklegbjrg?

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZTrjc. Slelilus Igrbjsj Ngrilg, B.Yi.ILE-VCTF / I.F.Y.G.P

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZTrjc. Hlfv Ygetjs Ngkg, B.Yi.ILE-VCTF / I.F.Y.G.P

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZTrjc. Pj`sje bj Egsilkfetj Clbganj, B.YiILE-VCTF



Bfbligtrlg

Tfesgr j trg`gamj kgls blcila quf fxlstf.Rgavfz pjr lssj tj pjuijs sf bfblqufk g faf.

Mfery Cjrb X7



Gnrgbfilkfetjs

Fk prlkflrj aungr, gnrgbfj g Bfus quf g cjetf bf tjbg cjrg f sg`fbjrlg

fxlstfetf f pjr tfr kf bgbj tjbg cjrg f sg`fbjrlg suclilfetfs pgrg g ijeiausj

bfstf trg`gamj.

Gnrgbfj gjs kfus gvs Kgtfrejs f Tgtfrejs (le kfkjrlge), pjr sfkprf tfr slbj

uk nrgebf fxfkpaj bf mjefstlbgbf, pfrsfvfrgeg f c.

Gjs kfus pgls, Jragebj Yf`gstlj bf Alkg f Fblvelg Kgrlg bf Alkg f gjs kfus

lrkjs Sgefj Ialj bf Alkg f Pfnleg Ijfal bf Alkg pjr sfkprf bfkjestrgrfk sfu

igrlemj, gkjr f ijeclgeg fk tjbjs js kjkfetjs bg klemg vlbg.

Gj kfu Jrlfetgbjr Slelilus Ngrilg, pjr tfr ijeclgbj fk klk f pjr tfr ijkpgrtlamgbj

bf sfus ijemfilkfetjs pgrg g kfamjrlg bfstf trg`gamj.

klemg Fspjsg @fgtrlz Ijstg, pjr sfu igrlemj, pgileilg, gkjr f ijeclgeg, quf

fstfvf sfkprf gj kfu agbj, kf leifetlvju f eueig kfblu fscjrjs pgrg kf goubgr.

Gjs kfus clamjs, Kgrlg Iagrg Ijstg Alkg f Ojj Nulamfrkf Ijstg Alkg pfaj gkjr,

igrlemj f ijkprffesj burgetf fstf pfrjbj bg klemg vlbg.

tjbjs js kfus prjcfssjrfs, prleilpgakfetf Cfalpf Curtgbj, Slelilus Ngrilg, Aulz

Kgurilj, Hlfv Ngkg, Pj`sje bj Egsilkfetj Clbganj, Nustgvj Gafxgebrf, Ifg,

Afct, Pjbrlnj Gssgb, Pj`frtj Igplstrgej, Rrgogej, Geg Tguag Igvgaigetl f Mfrl`frtj

pfags `jgs ijevfrsgs f nrgebfs fxfkpajs quf sj pgrg klk.

Gnrgbfj gjs kfus gklnjs bf sgag bf guag, Gblasje, Gprnlj, Ojsu, Tfbrj, Geg Iagublgpfag gklzgbf, ijeclgeg f rfspfltj bfpjsltgbjs fk klk burgetf fstf pfrjbj bf fstubj. F

pjr clk, gnrgbfj g tjbjs quf bf cjrkg blrftg ju leblrftg ijetrl`urgk pgrg g ijeiausj

bfstf trg`gamj.



Fpnrgcf

"J mjkfk bf vgajr eueig kjrrf. Yfus fxfkpajs f sugs j`rgs gtfstgk g sug

lkjrtgalbgbf".

Mabfr Yfeg bf Yjusg X7



Pfsukj

G fenfemgrlg bf sjctwgrf `gsfgbg fk ijkpjefetfs vfk irfsifebj bfvlbj

ijkpafxlbgbf bjs slstfkgs f j ijesfqufetf gukfetj ej iustj efifssrlj pgrg

bfsfevjavfr sjctwgrf. Srlgs tieligs surnlrgk gj ajenj bj tfkpj ijk fstf

jòftlvj, ijk g bfclelj bj evfa bf g`strgj bjs grtfcgtjs f j gvgej bgs

cfrrgkfetgs f crgkfwjrhs bf bfsfevjavlkfetj jrlfetgbjs g jòftjs. Vkg bfssgs

lelilgtlvgs g Grqultfturg Blrlnlbg g Kjbfaj (KBG) quf pfrkltf g kjbfagnfk f g

gpaligj bf trgescjrkgfs sj`rf kjbfajs, ngrgetlebj gsslk, g ijestruj bf

slstfkgs bf cjrkg gutjkgtlzgbg. Fstf trg`gamj tfk ijkj jòftlvj prleilpga prjpjr

ukg g`jrbgnfk prtlig f fxtfesvfa pgrg bfclelj bf trgescjrkgfs uelblrfiljegls

fetrf kjbfajs (TLK pgrg TYK f TYK pgrg iblnj), quf pfrkltg g sug utlalzgj

gtrgvs bf uk pgrsfr ]KL, ouetj ijk ukg `làljtfig letltuagbg VKA0BO f uk

ijeouetj bf trgtgbjrfs lkpafkfetgbjs fk Ymfaa Yirlpt pgrg fxfiutgr j prjifssj bf

trgescjrkgj f nfrgj sfkl-gutjktlig bf gpaligfs `gsfgbg fk KBG, sfebj

rfgalzgbj bf kgeflrg gsslstlbg gtrgvs bf ukg cfrrgkfetg imgkgbg

TyKBGNfefrgtjr, lkpafkfetgbjs ijk g alenugnfk Tytmje f j Bogenj. F pjr clk,

cjl cfltj uk fstubj bf igsj ijkpgrgtlvj fetrf? bfsfevjavlkfetj bj prjoftj utlalzgebjg fenfemgrlg bf sjctwgrf `gsfgbg fk ijkpjefetfs.

Tgagvrgs-imgvfPfusj bf Yjctwgrf. Fenfemgrlg bf Yjctwgrf `gsfgbg fk ijkpjefetfs. KBG.Tytmje. Bogenj. Rrgescjrkgfs fetrf kjbfajs.


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G`strgit

Rmf sjctwgrf fenleffrlen `gsfb je ijkpjefets mgs `ffe nrjwlen buf tj tmf

leirfgsf jc tmf systfk ijkpafxlty geb gasj tj tmf ijesfqufet leirfgsf jc tmf

sjctwgrf bfvfajpkfet ijst. Yfvfrga tfimelqufs mgvf gppfgrfb tmrjunmjut tmf tlkf

wltm tmls jòfitlvf. Rmfy mgvf gppfgrfb tmrjunm tmf leirfgsf jc tmf grtlcgits

g`strgitlje afvfas geb tmf tjjas geb crgkfwjrhs gbvgeif jòfit-tgrnftfb. Jef jc

tmfsf leltlgtlvfs ls tmf grimltfiturf brlvfe kjbfa (KBG) tmgt gaajws tmf kjbfalen geb

gppaligtlje jc kjbfas, tmus fesurlen tmf ijestruitlje jc gutjkgtfb systfks. Rmlswjrh glks tj prjpjsf g prgitliga geb fxtfeslàf gpprjgim tj bfcleltlje jc

uelblrfitljega trgescjrkgtljes `ftwffe kjbfas (TLK tj TYK geb TYK tj ijbf) tj

gaajw lts usf tmrjunm ge ]KL pgrsfr, gajen wltm g al`rgry fetltafb VKA0BO geb g sft jc

mgebafrs lkpafkfetfb le Ymfaa Yirlpt tj fxfiutf tmf trgescjrkgtlje prjifss geb

sfkl-gutjkgtli nfefrgtlje jc KBG-`gsfb gppaligtljes, `flen mfab gsslstfb wgy

tmrjunm g tjja igaafb TyKBGNfefrgtjr lkpafkfetfb wltm Tytmje geb Bogenj

agenugnf. Clegaay, kghf g ijkpgrgtlvf igsf stuby? prjofit bfvfajpkfet uslen

fenleffrlen-`gsfb sjctwgrf ijkpjefets.

Hfy ^jrbs? Yjctwgrf Pfusf. Ijkpjefet-@gsfb Yjctwgrf Fenleffrlen. KBG.Tytmje. Bogenj. Kjbfas Rrgescjrkgtljes.



YVKPLJ?

7. Let rjbuj ..................................................................................................................... 7

7.7 Ijetfxtj f Kjtlvgj ........................................ ........................................................... 7

7.0 Jòftlvjs ...................................................................................................................... 9

7.0.7 Jòftlvjs Nfrgls .................................................................................... .................... 9

7.0.0 Jòftlvjs Fspficlijs ................................................................................................ 2

7.9 Fstruturg bj Rrg`gamj .............. ..................................................................................... 6

0. Fk`gsgkfetj Rfrlij ................................................................................................. 3

0.7 Bfsfevjavlkfetj `gsfgbj fk ijkpjefetfs ............................................................... 3

0.0 Velclfa Kjbfalen Agenugnf (VKA) ................................................................................ >

0.9 Kjbfa Brlvfe Grimltfiturf (KBG) ................................................................................. =0.2 G Alenugnfk Tytmje .................................................................................................... 77

0.6 J crgkfwjrh bogenj ..................................................................................................... 79

0.3 G alenugnfk Ymfaa Yirlpt .............................................................................................. 73

0.> J Ylstfkg bf nfrfeilgkfetj bf bgbjs (Tjstnrfsqa f YWAltf9) ................................. 7=

0.= Ijeiausj bj Igptuaj ................................................................................................. 7=

9. Cuebgkfetgj Rfrl ig bg Trjp jstg ......................................................................... 04

9.7 Igrgitfrlzgj bg pfsqulsg ..................................................................... .................... 04

9.0 Trjàfkgtlzgj ...................... ..................................................................................... 07

9.9 Kjbfajs utlalzgbjs pfaj KBG ....................................................................................... 00

9.2 Tgbrj rfusvfa vlsuga pgrg kjbfagnfk fstruturga slig, kftg-kjbfagnfk? g

Lecrgfstruturg VKA0? ........................................................................................................... 94

9.6 Kftg-kjbfagnfk? KJC0 f FIJPF........................................................................ ...... 92

9.3 G Kjbfagnfk ijkpjrtgkfetga? Yupfrfstruturg VKA0 ................................................ 93

9.> Alenugnfk tfxtuga pgrg kjbfagnfk, kftgkjbfagnfk gvgegbg JIA0 ................... .. 9=

9.= G`jrbgnfes pgrg prjoftjs bf alenugnfes bf kjbfagnfk gvgegbg ............................ 24

9.< Ijeslbfrgfs Clegls bfstf igptuaj ............................................................................ 20

2. G Cfrrgkfetg TyKBGNfefrgtjr? "G g`jrbgnfk prjpjstg" ..................................... 292.7 Bfclelj bg cfrrgkfetg ............................................................................................... 29

2.0 Slsj nfrga bg g`jrbgnfk prjpjstg ............................................................................ 26

2.9 Gpjlj bfclelj bf trgescjrkgfs ................................................ ........................... 23

2.2 Ftgpgs bf trgescjrkgj fetrf js kjbfajs usgebj g `làljtfig VKA0BO ................. 66

2.6 Ijeslbfrgfs Clegls bfstf igptuaj ...................................................................... ...... 30


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6. Fxfkpaj? Ylstfkg "Pftrlfvfr" f j Ylstfkg Tgtrlkjelga "Gssft Levfetjry " ........... 39

6.7 Bfclelj bj prj`afkg ................................................................................................. 39

6.0 Ytghfmjabfrs, rfqulsltjs cueiljegls f ej cueiljegls ............... ................................... 32

6.9 Kjbfajs bf grtfcgtjs f bjiukfetjs bj prjoftj ........................................................... 39

6.6 J slstfkg bf nfstj bf levfetrljs pgtrlkjelgls "Gssft Levfetjry" ............................ >=

6.3 Ijeslbfrgfs clegls bfstf igptuaj ................................................................ ............. =0

3. Fstubj ijkpgrgtlvj fetrf g cfrrgkfetg GEBPJKBG (Ogvg) TyKBGNfefrgtjr

(Tytmj e) ............................................................................................................................. =2

3.7 J prjoftj "Pftrlfvfr" eg grqultfturg Ogvg OFF ijk GEBPJKBG .............................. =6

3.0 Pfprfsfetgj bjs bgbjs gpaligbjs gj prjoftj "Gssft Levfetjry" bfsfevjavlkfetj

eg alenugnfk Tytmje ijk Bogenj ..................................................................................... =>

3.9 Nrclij ijkpgrgtlvj fetrf js bjs prjifssjs ...............................................................



Als tg bf Clnurgs.

Clnurg X7[ - Rgxjejklg bjs blgnrgkgs bg VKA 0.7................................................................. =

Clnurg X0[ - Grqultfturg bg KBG ............................................ ................................................... 74

Clnurg X9[ - Trjifssj bf trgescjrkgj bj TLK pgrg TYK f bj TYK fk iblnj.................. 02

Clnurg X2[ - Trjifssj bf trgescjrkgj KBG (Nulbf)............................................................. 06

Clnurg X6[ Iliaj bf vlbg bj bfsfevjavlkfetj `gsfgbj fk KBG ......................................... 03

Clnurg X3[- Letfrjpfrg`lalbgbf KBG usgebj Tjetfs .................... .......................................... 0[ - Lecrgfstruturg fk VKA0 Kftg Kjbfagnfk .......................................................... 97

Clnurg X=[ - Lecrgfstruturg bj blgnrgkg bf iagssf sfnuebj VKA0 f KJC ........................... . 90

Clnurg X

Clnurg X72[ Fstruturg Letfreg bj Blgnrgkg bf Gtlvlbgbfs - VKA0 f KJC .......................... 9=

Clnurg X76[- Kjbfagnfk VKA bj Ylstfkg bf Ijetrjaf bf Sj (JIA).................................... 24

Clnurg X73[- Blgnrgkg quf rfprfsfetg g cfrrgkfetg TyKBGNfefrgtjr ................................ 22

Clnurg X7>[ - Clnurg quf rfprfsfetg j Kftg Kjbfaj bj VKA0BO .......................................... 2>

Clnurg X7=[ - Clnurg quf rfprfsfetg gs trgescjrkgfs bj kjbfaj Bogenj Crgkfwjrh......... 2>

Clnurg X7

Clnurg X0>[ - Bftgamf bj prjifssj bf trgescjrkgj fetrf TYK tj Iblnj Cjetf ................. 6=



Clnurg X0=[ - Grqulvj ijk js ijkgebjs fk smfaa sirlpt bj TLK - NfrgbjrKBGTLK.sm ......... 6Rg`fag X0[ Pfqulsltjs Ej-Cueiljegls ................................................................................... 3=

Rg`fag X9[ Wugbrj bfkjestrgtlvj fetrf j prjoftj "Pftrlfvfr" f j "Gssft Levfetjry" ............. =6

Rg`fag X2[ Wugbrj bfkjestrgtlvj bgebj ecgsf gj Trjoftj fk Tytmje ijk Bogenj .......... =>

Rg`fag X6[ Rg`fag lecjrkgfs bj prjoftj bgebj ecgsf gj e bf alemgs bf iblnj .............



Als tg bf Nrclijs

Nrclij X7[ Lecjrkgfs Fstgtstligs bj Trjoftj "Pftrlfvfr" OFF....................................................... =>

Nrclij X0[ Nrclij ijk js bgbjs fstgtstlijs bj prjoftj fk Tytmje + Bogenj................................ =

bfstfs `ajijs lkpalig ej gukfetj bj rfusj, kfamjrlg bg prjbutlvlbgbf f

kgeutfeg`lalbgbf bjs ijkpjefetfs.

Efstg grqultfturg pjssvfa kgpfgr g kgeflrg bf gutjkgj bf uk

prjifssj bf prjbuj bf sjctwgrf gegalsgebj gs fspfilclilbgbfs bj kjbfaj bf

efnilj f sfus ijkpjefetfs `slijs pgrg rfgalzgr gs trgescjrkgfs.

Tgrg gukfetgr g vfajilbgbf bf prjbuj bjs prjoftjs bf sjctwgrf

lkpjrtgetf tfr ukg `gsf bf ijkpjefetfs fxtrfkgkfetf nrgeuagr, sfpgrgebj-js bj

bfsfevjavlkfetj fk bjkeljs lebfpfebfetfs bf pagtgcjrkg ijk g VKA, bjs

bjkeljs fspficlijs bf pagtgcjrkg `gsfgbjs fk BYA, klelklzgebj gfspfilclilbgbf bj kjbfaj bf efnilj.

0.0 Velclfab Kjbfalen Agenugnf (VKA)

G prfsfetf sfj gprfsfetg ukg `rfvf bfsirlj bg Velclfb Kjbfalen

Agenugnf (VKA)f js prleilpgls ijeifltjs f pgbrfs rfagiljegbjs kfskg. Fssfs

ijeifltjs sj bf nrgebf lkpjrteilg pgrg uk `jk fetfeblkfetj pjr pgrtf bf

afltjrfs quf ej fstfogk cgklalgrlzgbjs ijk fstg tfiejajnlg, tfebj fk vlstg quf g

kfskg tfk uk lkpjrtgetf pgpfa ej prfsfetf trg`gamj.

Yfnuebj (OGIJ@YJE, 7



=

kjbfajs Fstruturga bg VKA f Ijkpjrtgkfetga bg VKA, tga rfcfreilg feijetrg-sf ej

bjiukfetj bf fspfilcligj bg VKA 0.7 ej sltf bg JKN (VKA 0.7

YTFILCLIGRLJE, 0470, p. 97-=4).

Clnurg X7[?Rgxjejklg bjs blgnrgkgs bg VKA 0.7

Cjetf?VKA0.7YTFILCLIGRLJE

Eg prxlkg sfj, sfrj gprfsfetgbgs ganukgs lecjrkgfs sj`rf g

grqultfturg blrlnlbg g kjbfajs (KBG) sfus ijeifltjs, igrgitfrstligs f prleilpgls

rfiursjs, fstf fstubj, tfk ijkj prleilpga g`jrbgnfk j Kjbfa Brlvfe Grimltfiturf

(KBG), pjr lstj, tfk-sf uk bfvlbj bfstgquf gprjprlgbj.

0.9 Kjbfa Brlvfe Grimltfiturf (KBG)

G prfsfetf sfj gprfsfetg ukg `rfvf bfsirlj bj KBG. Fssfs ijeifltjs

sj bf nrgebf lkpjrteilg pgrg uk `jk fetfeblkfetj pjr pgrtf bf afltjrfs quf ejfstfogk cgklalgrlzgbjs ijk fstg tfiejajnlg, tfebj fk vlstg quf g kfskg tfk uk

lkpjrtgetf pgpfa ej prfsfetf trg`gamj. Kjbfa Brlvfe Grimltfiturf (KBG) ukg

g`jrbgnfk pgrg bfsfevjavlkfetj bf sjctwgrf quf tfk ijkj prleiplj g lkpjrteilg

bjs kjbfajs bfetrj bj prjifssj bf bfsfevjavlkfetj bf sjctwgrf. KBG cjl ukg

lelilgtlvg bg JKN, agegbg fk 0447. Bfetrj bg KBG, j prjifssj bf



7)

Vkg vfz irlgbj, uk Ymfaa Yirlptpjbf sfr rfutlalzgbj qugetgs vfzfs cjr efifssrlj.

Yfu usj, pjrtgetj, lebligbj eg gutjkgj bf tgrfcgs quf sfrj rfgalzgbgs kgls bf

ukg vfz. Rjbj slstfkg Velx f slklagrfs sj rfpaftjs bf sirlpts fk smfaa pgrg g



7>

rfgalzgj bgs kgls blvfrsgs gtlvlbgbfs gbklelstrgtlvgs f bf kgeutfej bj

slstfkg.

Js grqulvjs bf ajtf (`gtim - grqulvjs *.`gt) bj wlebjws sj tgk`k fxfkpajs bf

Ymfaa Yirlpts, o quf sj fsirltjs fk alenugnfk letfrprftgbg f fxfiutgbjs pjr uk

Ymfaabj ^lebjws, fk nfrga j ijkkgeb.ijk ju mjof fk blg j ikb.fxf. Js Ymfaas

bj Velx, pjrk, sj lekfrgs vfzfs kgls pjbfrjsjs quf j letfrprftgbjr bf

ijkgebjs bj ^lebjws, pjbfebj fxfiutgr tgrfcgs kultj kgls ijkpafxgs f

fag`jrgbgs. (OVALJ IF_GP EFSFY, 0443, p. 63-=6)

Js sirlpts Ymfaa pjbfk sfr gnfebgbjs pgrg fxfiuj gtrgvs bg tg`fag irjetg`,fetrf jutrgs ijlsgs. ukg cfrrgkfetg leblspfesvfa gjs gbklelstrgbjrfs bf

slstfkgs Velx.

J Ymfaakgls ijkuk f prjvgvfakfetf j quf pjssul kgls sirlptsfsirltjs pgrg faf

tgk`k uk bjs kgls getlnjs f slkpafs, j sm. Fstf Ymfaafst prfsfetf fk tjbj j

slstfkg tlpj Velx, leiaubj j Aleux, Crff@YB, GL], MT-V], Jpfe@YB, Yjagrls,

Eft@YB, Lrlx, fti. Tjr sfr j smfaa egtlvj kgls ijkuk egturga quf sf prfclrg

fsirfvfr sirlpts pgrg faf, tjregebj j sirlpt kgls cgilakfetf pjrtvfa pgrg jutrjslstfkg. (OVALJ IF_GP EFSFY, 0443, p. >4-746)

Vk bjs kjtlvjs bg fsijamg bg alenugnfk Ymfaa Yirlpt pgrg fstf prjoftj cjl g

sug sletgxf rlig f slkpafs, jutrj pjetj lkpjrtgetf g sug fxfiuj ej gk`lfetf bf

slstfkgs bf grqulvjs bj prprlj slstfkg jpfrgiljega f g cgilalbgbf bf letfnrgj bjs

ijkgebjs bj pytmje ijk ijkgebjs bg alenugnfk smfaa sirlpt, gak bg fxfiuj

fk grqulvjs bf smfaa ijk g fxtfesj .sm.

Eg prxlkg sfj sfrj gprfsfetgbgs ganukgs lecjrkgfs sj`rf j slstfkg

nfrfeilgbjr bf `geij bf bgbjs Tjstnrfsqa f j YWAltf sfus ijeifltjs,

igrgitfrstligs f prleilpgls rfiursjs. J kjtlvj bg fsijamg fetrf js bjls slstfkgs

nfrfeilgbjrfs bf `geij bf bgbjs cjl j sfnuletf? J YWAltf egtlvj f vfk lestgagbj

bf cjrkg pgbrj pgrg tjbgs gs vfrsfs bj Bogenj, leiauslvf pgrg bfkjestrgj

`gstgetf utlalzgbj, f j Tjstnrfsqa cjl gpaligbj ej fstubj bf igsj bj prjoftj, f pjssul



7=

ukg nrgebf gifltgj eg rfg fk vlrtubf bg sug pjpuagrlbgbf f blstrl`ulj alvrf f

bf iblnj g`frtj. Kgls lkpjrtgetf sgalfetgr quf pjssvfa utlalzgr g kgljrlg bjs

YN@B's bf kfrigbj leiauslvf j Kysqa, Tjstnrfsqa, fti.

0.> J Ylstfkg bf @geijs bf Bgbjs (Tjstn rfsqa f YWAltf9)

G prfsfetf sfj gprfsfetg ukg `rfvf bfsirlj bj Tjstnrfsqa f bj

YWAltf9, sugs bfclelfs, igrgitfrstligs kjbfajs bf gj f tplijs jpfrgiljegls.

Yfnuebj (GEBPF^ \V f OJAA\ IMFE, 7



7)

Js prjifssjs bf bfsfevjavlkfetj kfamjrgk `gstgetf g cjrkg bf sf

bfsfevjavfr sjctwgrf, f vrljs prjàfkgs quf getfs gssjagvgk gs fkprfsgs, cjrgk

kltlngbjs. Lecfalzkfetf ijk j pgssgr bjs gejs, ejvjs prjàfkgs surnlrgk, fgtugakfetf j iferlj bf bfsfevjavlkfetj bf sjctwgrf fecrfetg blvfrsjs prjàfkgs.

Yfnuebj (YJKKFPSLAAF, 0477, p. 74



00

`gsfgbjs eg grqultfturg blrlnlbg g kjbfajs (KBG), utlalzgebj g pagtgcjrkg Tytmje +

Bogenj:

Vkg jutrg ijetrlùlj bfstf trg`gamj cjl g kjbfagnfk bj Kftg

Kjbfaj bg `làljtfig VKA0BO, mgog vlstg quf g kfskg glebg ej fxlstlg:

Ijkj lbfetlcligr js pjetjs fk ijkuk f gs igrgitfrstligs efifssrlgs

lbfetlcligbjs ej Kftg Kjbfaj bg @làljtfig VKA0BO pgrg rfgalzgr gs

trgescjrkgfs bf Blgnrgkgs VKA pgrg grqulvjs ej cjrkgtj ]KL fk jutrgs

pagtgcjrkgs gavj bj tlpj? Pu`y je Pglas pjr fxfkpaj:

9.9 Kjbfajs utlalzgbjs pfaj KBG

Ijkj kfeiljegbj getfrljrkfetf bfetrj bg KBG, js kjbfajs pgssgk g tfr

uk pgpfa imgvf bfetrj bj prjifssj bf bfsfevjavlkfetj bf sjctwgrf, kgs bf cgtj j

quf sfrlg uk kjbfaj bfetrj bg vlsj bj KBG:

Bf gijrbj ijk (KFAAJP, 0446, p. 92-6



09

9.9.7 Kjbfaj Lebfpfebfetf bf Ijkputgj

J Kjbfaj Lebfpfebfetf bf Ijkputgj (bj lenas Ijkputgtlje LebfpfebfetKjbfa, ILK) cjrefif g vlsj bf uk slstfkg bf ijkputgj bfetrj bf ukg

pfrspfitlvg lebfpfebfetf, ju sfog, ej kjstrg bftgamfs bg fstruturg bj slstfkg,

kjbfag-j ijeslbfrgebj gpfegs gs rfnrgs bf efniljs. Faf tfk ijkj cjij js

rfqulsltjs bj sjctwgrf (HAFTTF, 0449, p. 63->4).

Yfnuebj j (KBG NVLBF,0446, p. 92-=>), fssf kjbfaj tgk`k pjbf sfr

imgkgbj kjbfaj bf bjkelj, ijkj faf lebfpfebfetf bf pagtgcjrkg, gig`g sfebj

tla pgrg sfrvlr ijkj cjetf pgrg uk vjig`uarlj fetrf kjbfajs, gak bf goubgr egijkueligj fetrf fqulpf bf bfsfevjavlkfetj f j ialfetf.

9.9.0 Kjbfaj Lebfpfebfetf bf Tagtgcjrkg

J Kjbfaj Lebfpfebfetf bf Tagtgcjrkg (bj lenas Tagtcjrk Lebfpfebfet

Kjbfa, TLK) pjssul uk gatj evfa bf g`strgj pjr sfr lebfpfebfetf bf qugaqufr

tfiejajnlg. Eg ijestruj bj TLK, sj fspfilcligbjs g fstruturg f j ijkpjrtgkfetj

bf uk slstfkg, gak bf sfr ijestrubj bf cjrkg g ej utlalzgr efemukg

igrgitfrstlig quf sfog fspficlig bf ukg pagtgcjrkg. J TLK bfvf gprfsfetgr ukg

lebfpfebeilg quf pjssg sfr gpaligbg g blcfrfetfs pagtgcjrkgs gavj, ju sfog, uk

kfskj TLK pjbf sf utlalzgbj pgrg pagtgcjrkgs blcfrfetfs (HAFTTF, 0449, p. 63->2).

Ganukgs bgs igrgitfrstligs quf j TLK bfvf pjssulr sj?

Ijetfr lecjrkgfs sj`rf j bjkelj bg gpaligj8

Blspfesgr bgbjs sj`rf pagtgcjrkgs quf sfrj utlalzgbgs ju tfiejajnlgs

quf sfrj fkprfngbgs8

Yfr uk kjbfaj bftgamgbj, sfebj fk nfrga, rfprfsfetgbj fk VKA.



02

9.9.9 Kjbfaj Fspficlij bf Tagtgcjrkg

J Kjbfaj Fspficlij bf Tagtgcjrkg (bj lenas Tagtcjrk Ypfilcli Kjbfa, TYK)bfsirfvf j slstfkg g pgrtlr bf ukg pagtgcjrkg fspficlig. Ijk`leg gs

fspfilcligfs bj TLK ijk js bftgamfs quf kjstrgk ijkj j slstfkg usg uk tlpj

fspficlij bf pagtgcjrkg. (KBG NVLBF, 0446, p. 63-=4).

J TYK nfrgbj g pgrtlr bf uk TLK gtrgvs bj usj bf VKA Trjclaf9, ej

sfetlbj fk quf uk bgbj TYK pjssul lecjrkgfs bf ijkj nfrgr grtfcgtjs

ijrrfspjebfetfs g fafkfetjs bj kjbfaj quf fstfogk kgrigbjs ijk fstfrftlpjs

bj TLK. G pgrtlr bf uk TLK pjbf-sf nfrgr vrljs TYK.

9.9.2 Rrgescjrkgj fetrf kjbfajs

Jutrj ijeifltj imgvf bfetrj bg KBG g trgescjrkgj fetrf kjbfajs, quf

ijeslstf ej prjifssj bf ijevfrtfr kjbfajs fk jutrjs kjbfajs bj slstfkg.

@gsligkfetf bfetrj bg KBG, fxlstfk bugs nrgebfs trgescjrkgfs? g

trgescjrkgj bj TLK pgrg j TYK f, pjstfrljrkfetf, g trgescjrkgj bj TYK fk

iblnj-cjetf pgrg g(s) tfiejajnlg(s) gavj. Fssgs trgescjrkgfs pjbfk sfr cfltgs bf

kjbj gutjkgtlzgbj gtrgvs bf ukg cfrrgkfetg bf trgescjrkgj, ju kgeugakfetfpjr ukg pfssjg fspfilgalzgbg. G Clnurg 46 laustrg fssf iferlj (HAFTTF, 0449).

Clnurg X49[?Trjifssj bf trgescjrkgj bj TLK pgrg j TYK f bj TYK fk iblnjCjetf?(KFAAJP, 0446)

9Fxtfesfs VKA pgrg rfprfsfetgr ukg pagtgcjrkg fspficlig.



06

Fssgs trgescjrkgfs jijrrfk pjr kflj bf rfnrgs bf kgpfgkfetj quf bltgk

qugls fafkfetjs bj kjbfaj cjetf ijrrfspjebfk ijk fafkfetjs bj kjbfaj gavj.

Wugebj uk kgpfgkfetj fxfiutgbj fetrf uk kjbfaj bf jrlnfk f uk kjbfaj bf

bfstlej, faf bfclef ganuk ju tjbj j ijetfbj bj kjbfaj (KFAAJP, 0446, p. 26-34).

Bf gijrbj ijk (KFAAJP, 0446, p. 99-69), gs trgescjrkgfs gutjktligs bf

kjbfajs gukfetgk g pjrtg`lalbgbf f g fclileilg ej bfsfevjavlkfetj bf sjctwgrf,

quf pjr sug vfz, gukfetgk g qugalbgbf bj sjctwgrf fequgetj rfbuz j tfkpj f

iustj bf bfsfevjavlkfetj.

Ijkj pjbfk sfr j`sfrvgbgs eg Clnurg 43, gs cfrrgkfetgs bf trgescjrkgjsj ukgs iglxgs prftgs. Lssj sf bfvf gj cgtj bf quf g cfrrgkfetg bf trgescjrkgj

prfilsg tfr bfclelbg ukg rfnrg bf trgescjrkgj, quf bfsirfvf ijkj j kjbfaj bfvf

sfr trgescjrkgbj. Bfetrj bfssf iferlj, uk lkpjrtgetf ijeifltj j bf Kgrigs

(HAFTTF, 0449, p. 36-74



03

9.9.6 Iliaj bf vlbg bj bfsfevja vlkfetj eg KBG

J iliaj bf vlbg bj bfsfevjavlkfetj `gsfgbj fk KBG laustrgbj eg Clnurg4>, efaf pjbf-sf j`sfrvgr quf j iliaj prjpjstj pfag KBG ej kultj blcfrfetf bj

iliaj bf vlbg trgbliljega bf bfsfevjavlkfetj bf sjctwgrf. Gs kfskgs cgsfs sj

lbfetlcligbgs. Vkg bgs prleilpgls blcfrfegs rfslbf ejs grtfcgtjs quf sj prjbuzlbjs

burgetf j prjifssj bf bfsfevjavlkfetj. Js grtfcgtjs sj kjbfajs cjrkgls, ju sfog,

kjbfajs quf pjbfk sfr fetfeblbjs pjr ijkputgbjrfs (KFAAJP, 0446, p. 27-62).

Clnurg X46[?Iliaj bf vlbg bj bfsfevjavlkfetj `gsfgbj fk KBG

Cjetf?(HAFTTF, 0449), trgbuzlbj pfaj prprlj gutjr.

J TLK, j TYK, f iblnj cjetf sj kjstrgbjs ijkj grtfcgtjs fk blcfrfetfs

ftgpgs bj iliaj bf vlbg bf bfsfevjavlkfetj. Bfetrj bfssf iferlj, fafs rfprfsfetgk

blcfrfetfs evfls bf g`strgj eg fspfilcligj bj slstfkg. G igpgilbgbf bf

trgescjrkgr uk TLK fk uk TYK fafvg j evfa bf g`strgj fk quf uk



0>

bfsfevjavfbjr pjbf trg`gamgr. Lssj pfrkltf quf uk bfsfevjavfbjr pjssg albgr ijk

slstfkgs kgls ijkpafxjs, ijk kfejs fscjrj (HAFTTF, 0449, p. 36- Trjbutlvlbgbf

Eg KBG, j cjij prleilpga fst eg kjbfagnfk bj TLK. Js bftgamfs tielijs

fspficlijs bf ukg pagtgcjrkg sj girfsifetgbjs gj TLK g pgrtlr bg trgescjrkgj

bfstf pgrg j TYK. Gak blssj, ukg `jg pgrifag bj iblnj-cjetf bg gpaligj gavj

sfr nfrgbg bg trgescjrkgj bj TYK pgrg j iblnj cjetf.



0=

G tgrfcg kgls blcila efssf ijetfxtj g bfclelj bf cjrkg fxgtg bf ijkj

sfrj cfltgs gs trgescjrkgfs. Fssg bfclelj ukg tgrfcg blcila f ijkpafxg, quf

efifssltg sfr cfltg pjr pfssjgs qugalcligbgs. Vkg vfz bfclelbg gs trgescjrkgfs, gs

kfskgs pjbfk sfr gpaligbgs pgrg blvfrsjs prjoftjs, rfsuatgebj fk uk gatj ngemj

bf prjbutlvlbgbf (HAFTTF, 0449, p. 63-=4).

Ijkj pgrtf bj iblnj cjetf bg gpaligj nfrgbg g pgrtlr bj TYK, g fqulpf

bf bfsfevjavlkfetj pjbf, bfetrj bj irjejnrgkg prfvlstj, bfspfebfr kgls tfkpj

pgrg gegalsgr gs rfnrgs bf efnilj bj slstfkg g sfr bfsfevjavlbj f,

ijesfqufetfkfetf, lbfetlcligr f ijrrlnlr kgls frrjs fk tfkpj bf gealsf f gsslk

prjbuzlr uk kjbfaj TLK ijk ukg kgljr qugalbgbf.

Vk gatj ngemj bf prjbutlvlbgbf pjbf sfr gaigegbj gtrgvs bg utlalzgj bf

cfrrgkfetgs quf gutjkgtlzfk g trgescjrkgj bj TLK pgrg j TYK. Lssj gigrrftg

quf kultgs lecjrkgfs sj`rf g gpaligj bfvfk sfr leijrpjrgbgs ej TLK f/ju eg

cfrrgkfetg bf trgescjrkgj utlalzgbg, pjls gnjrg j kjbfaj bf gatj evfa (TLK) fst

blrftgkfetf rfagiljegbj ijk j iblnj-cjetf nfrgbj. Gs fxlneilgs fk rfagj

letfnrlbgbf f ijfreilg bj TLK sj kgljrfs quf ej bfsfevjavlkfetj sfk g

utlalzgj bf ukg cfrrgkfetg quf gutjkgtlzf g trgescjrkgj TLK pgrg TYK

(HAFTTF, 0449, p. >3-=-=4).

Yf bfetrj bj prjifssj bf bfsfevjavlkfetj ganukg cfrrgkfetg bf gutjkgj

bf trgescjrkgj cjr utlalzgbg, g pjrtg`lalbgbf fstgr alkltgbg g fag. Tgrg gs

pagtgcjrkgs kgls pjpuagrfs o fxlstfk cfrrgkfetgs quf pjssl`laltgk fssg gutjkgj

egs trgescjrkgfs, pgrg jutrgs, efifssrlj tfr ukg cfrrgkfetg quf supjrtf uk



0).

G utlalzgj bf cfrrgkfetgs quf nfrfk gak bjs TYKs, js `rlbnfs fetrf fags,

lr prjpjriljegr g letfrjpfrg`lalbgbf bgs pagtgcjrkgs, prjpjstg pfag KBG.

9.9.74 Bjiukfetgj f Kgeutfej

Bfetrj bg KBG, j TLK rfprfsfetg uk bjiukfetj bf gatj evfa bf g`strgj

pgrg uk sjctwgrf. G nrgebf blcfrfeg quf j TLK tfk uk pgpfa imgvf ej

bfsfevjavlkfetj bj sjctwgrf, ajnj faf ej pjbf sfr bfsigrtgbj bfpjls bf

ijestrubj. Gs kubgegs rfgalzgbgs ej slstfkg lrj j`rlngtjrlgkfetf rfcaftlr fk

kubgegs ej TLK, pgrg g pgrtlr bg, sfr cfltg ukg ejvg nfrgj bj TYK f

pjstfrljrkfetf bj iblnj-cjetf (HAFTTF, 0449, p. 94-64).

Fxlstfk cfrrgkfetgs quf kgetk j TLK, j TYK f j iblnj-cjetf nfrgbj,

sleirjelzgbjs, ju sfog, qugaqufr gatfrgj fk ganuk bfstfs fafkfetjs rfcaftlr fk

gatfrgfs ijrrfspjebfetfs ejs bfkgls (HAFTTF, 0449, p. 94-26).

G bjiukfetgj bf kgls gatj evfa (TLK) fstgr blrftgkfetf alngbg

lkpafkfetgj bj slstfkg, tjregebj gsslk g kgeutfej bj slstfkg f bg prprlg

bjiukfetgj kfejs iustjsg, j quf cgz ijk quf g bjiukfetgj fstfog sfkprf

gtugalzgbg f bf `jg qugalbgbf, pjls g bfsgtugalzgj f k qugalbgbf bg

bjiukfetgj gcftgk blrftgkfetf g qugalbgbf bj sjctwgrf.

9.2 - Tgbrj rfusvfa vlsuga pgrg kjbfagnfk fstruturga `slig, kftg-

kjbfagnfk? G le crgfstruturg VKA0

G VKA0 irfsifu bf cjrkg g leijrpjrgr blvfrsgs fstruturgs f ijkpjefetfs,

sj`rf j pjetj bf vlstg bf fstruturgs bf kjbfagnfk f blgnrgkgs fag cliju blvlblbg

fetrf g lecrgfstruturg (Blgnrgk Rypf, Blgnrgk Iagss, Blgnrgk BgtgRypf, Blgnrgk

Tgihgnf).



97

J Blgnrgk Rypf tfk ijkj igrgitfrstligs prleilpga g bf ejkfgr tlpjs bf

fafkfetj sfu kftg-kjbfaj ijestltubj bf ukg iagssf imgkgbg Fafkfet, ijkj

suìagssfs bfag fxlstfk j EgkfbFafkfetf j Ijkkfetquf sf rfagiljegk tgk`k

fetrf sl gtrgvs bg gssjilgj, j RypfbFafkfet f j Rypf sj suìagssfs bf

EgkfbFafkfet f fstj gssjilgbgs fetrf sl. Fstf kjbfaj bf g`strgj pfrcfltj

pgrg irlgj bf ejvjs fafkfetjs bg VKA fk ejssj igsj fspfilcligkfetf cjl

utlalzgbj pgrg irlgj bjs ejvjs fafkfetjs bj YTFKAK.

Clnurg X4>[?Lecrgfstruturg fk VKA0 Kftg KjbfagnfkCjetf?(VKA0.4 Lecrgfstruturf, 044 fxl`f g fstruturg bf

ijkpjefetfs bj blgnrgkg bf iagssfs ijecjrkf VKA0, ukg Iagssmfrbg bf Rypf, g

prprlg iagssf pjssul uk gutj-rfagiljegkfetj ijk sl prprlg pgrg rfprfsfetgr jutrgs

supfr-iagssfs, ukg iagssf ijkpjstg pjr Trjpfrty f Jpfrgtlje gs jpfrgfs

pjbfk ju ej tfr Tgrkftrjs f sfus js kfskjs tfk kuatlpalilbgbf ju tlpjs, ukg

prjprlfbgbf ju gtrlùtj mfrbg bf RypfbFafkfet tgk`k mfrbgk gs igrgitfrstligs

bf KuatlpaliltyFafkfet.



90

Clnurg X4=[?Lecrgfstruturg bj Blgnrgkg bf Iagssf sfnuebj VKA0 f KJCCjetf?(VKA0.4 Lecrgfstruturf, 044



99

Clnurg X4



92

9.6 G kftgkjbfagnfk? KJC0 f FIJPF

J KJC0 (Kftg J`ofit Cgilalty) uk pgbrj irlgbj pfag JKN quf bfclef ukg

alenugnfk pgrg g bfclelj bf alenugnfk bf kjbfagnfk. Ijkj j KJC ukg

alenugnfk pgrg irlgj bf jutrgs alenugnfes fag pjbf sfr ijeslbfrgbg ukg

kftgalenugnfk. J KJC0 rfslbf eg igkgbg K9 bg grqultfturg blrlnlbg g kjbfajs

(KBG), f ijkj ej m ukg igkgbg supfrljr pgrg bfclelr j KJC0, faf bfclelbj

gtrgvs bfaf kfskj. J KJC0 g alenugnfk fk quf gs bfclelfs bf VKA f I^K,

ju sfog, js kftg-kjbfajs bg VKA0 f I^K sj fsirltjs.

G Clnurg 77 rfprfsfetg g vlsj bf kjbfaj, kftg-kjbfaj, kftg-kftg-kjbfaj f

g igkgbg K9 jebf clig ajigalzgbj j KJC0.

Clnurg X77[?Fstruturg ijkpaftg bj KJ gt K9Cjetf?(mttp?//www.tmfcuaawlhl.jrn, 0477)

J FKC (Fialpsf Kjbfalen Crgkfwjrh) uk gk`lfetf ijkpaftj bf

nfrfeilgkfetj f ijestruj bf kjbfajs prfbfclelbjs (kftg-kjbfajs) fk

cfrrgkfetgs f gtrgvs bfaf pjssvfa rfgalzgr ganukgs jpfrgfs fxlstfetfs, tgls



96

ijkj? trgescjrkgfs fetrf kjbfajs, nfrgj bf iblnj, fenfemgrlg rfvfrsg, fetrf

jutrgs ijlsgs.

J FIJPF utlalzgbj bf pjetf fetrf js gk`lfetfs f pjssl`laltg g letfnrgj

fetrf g pgrtf ju kjbfaj ijestrubj f sug lkpafkfetgj, ju sfog, iblnj cjetf.

Clnurg X70[?Fstruturg ijkpaftg FKC FIJPFCjetf?(mttp?//bjweajgb.fialpsf.jrn/kjbfalen/fkc/fkc/ogvgbji/0.3.4/jrn/fialpsf/fkc/fijrf/pgihgnf-

sukkgry.mtka, 0477)

Vk bjs `fefciljs bj usj bj FIJPF g sug igpgilbgbf bf gatg ijfsj f

`glxj gijpagkfetj, ngrgetlebj gsslk letfnrgj ijk alenugnfes f cjrkgtjs

blvfrsjs, ijkj tgk`k letfnrgj ijk cfrrgkfetgs bf kjbfagnfk f trgescjrkgj

fetrf kjbfajs.



93

Vkg bgs igrgitfrstligs letfrfssgetf bj FIJPF g pjssl`lalbgbf bf

letfnrgj ijk jutrgs alenugnfes, trgescjrkgfs fetrf kjbfajs, blvfrsgs

cfrrgkfetgs utlalzgk fstf rfiursj pgrg rfgalzgr sugs trgescjrkgfs uk fxfkpaj j

@PKjbfaj cfrrgkfetg bf kjbfagnfk bf `geij bf bgbjs bfsfevjavlbg pjr ukg

fqulpf bf pfsqulsgbjrfs bg VCPY quf usgk j FKC FIJPF pgrg rfgalzgr gs

trgescjrkgfs fetrf js kjbfajs bjs blgnrgkgs Fetlbgbf Pfagiljegkfetj pgrg j

kjbfaj anlij bj anlij pgrg j kjbfaj cslij (Yirlpt bj @geij bf Bgbjs), jutrg

sjauj pgrtlebj pgrg j kjbfaj bf KBG g cfrrgkfetg GEBPJKBG quf rfusg

FKC f FIJPF pgrg rfgalzgj bgs trgescjrkgfs fetrf js kjbfajs.

9.3 G kjbfagnfk ijkpjrtgkfetga? supfrfstruturg VKA0

Ijk j irfsilkfetj bg VKA0 irfsifu slnelcligtlvgkfetf eg supfrfstruturg, ju

sfog, sj`rf j pjetj bf vlstg bf ijkpjrtgkfetj bjs j`oftjs bf kjbfagnfk f

blgnrgkgs fag cliju blvlblbg ejs sfnuletfs blgnrgkgs? (Gitlje, Gitlvlty, Ijkkje

@fmgvljr, Letfrgitlje, YtgtfKgimlef, VsfIgsf).

Tgrg fxfkpaj bf bfclelj lrfkjs bftgamgr gpfegs js blgnrgkgs bf Gj fGtlvlbgbfs pjr cgzfrfk pgrtf bj fstubj bfstf trg`gamj.

Vkg Gitlje tfk ijkj igrgitfrstlig prleilpga sfr ukg uelbgbf bg

fspfilcligj bf ijkpjrtgkfetj sfrvf ijkj uk ijeouetj bf fetrgbg f sgbg. Yj`rf

j pjetj bf vlstg ijkuk gs gfs `sligs leiaufk gqufafs quf rfgalzgk jpfrgfs

bf imgkgbg, fevlj bf slega, levjigj bf ijkpjrtgkfetj fetrf jutrjs.



9>

Clnurg X79[?Fstruturg Letfreg bj Blgnrgkg bf Gj (Gitlje) VKA0 f KJCCjetf?(VKA0.7 YupfrYtruiturf, 044



9=

Clnurg X72[?Fstruturg Letfreg bj Blgnrgkg bf Gtlvlbgbfs (Gitlvlty) VKA0 f KJCCjetf?(VKA0.7 YupfrYtruiturf, 044 Alenugnfk tfxtuga pgrg kjbfagnfk gvgegbg? JIA0

G prfsfetf sfj gprfsfetg ukg letrjbuj gj Jòfit Ijestrglet Agenugnf

(JIA) sfnuebj (Brfsbfe, 0479, aleh? mttp?//brfsbfe-jia.sjurifcjrnf.eft) f sugs

prleilpgls igrgitfrstligs, ijeifltjs f pgbrfs rfagiljegbjs kfskg. Fssfs

ijeifltjs sj bf nrgebf lkpjrteilg pgrg uk `jk fetfeblkfetj pjr pgrtf bfafltjrfs quf ej fstfogk cgklalgrlzgbjs ijk g alenugnfk bf rfstrlj gj kjbfaj

jrlfetgbg g jòftjs, tfebj fk vlstg quf g kfskg tfk uk lkpjrtgetf pgpfa ej

prfsfetf trg`gamj.

Jòfit Ijestrglet Agenugnf (JIA) ukg alenugnfk cjrkga usgbg pgrg

bfsirfvfr fxprfssfs f rfstrlfs sj`rf kjbfajs jrlfetgbjs g jòftjs f jutrjs



9. G

g`jrbgnfk cjl ijeif`lbg pgrg pfrkltlr g bfclelj bf trgescjrkgfs bf cjrkg

lebfpfebfetf bf cfrrgkfetg IGYF pgrtf (g). J Trjoftlstg pjbf bfclelr

trgescjrkgfs sj`rf kjbfajs VKA. Fssg bfclelj bf trgescjrkgfs sfr

bftgamgbg eg Yfj 2.9. Gps fag`jrgr js kjbfajs eg sug cfrrgkfetg IGYF pgrtf

(`), j Fenfemflrj bf Yjctwgrf pjbf gpaligr gs trgescjrkgfs prfvlgkfetf bfclelbgs

gtrgvs bf ukg kquleg bf trgescjrkgfs pgrtf (i) f nfrgr g lkpafkfetgj

bjs kjbfajs eg pagtgcjrkg bfsfogbg. Tgrg fxfiutgr trgescjrkgfs sj`rf kjbfajs,

pjbf sfr efifssrlg g prfpgrgj prvlg bj kjbfaj g sfr trgescjrkgbj, gtrgvs bf

kgrigfs. Fssg kgrigj f g fxfiuj bgs trgescjrkgfs sfrj bftgamgbg eg

Yfj 2.2. Eg Yfj 2.6 sj gprfsfetgbgs rjtlegs fk Ymfaa Yirlpt quf vlsgk

gutjkgtlzgr j prjifssj bf trgescjrkgj f pjr clk sfr fxl`lbg gs ijeslbfrgfs

clegls sj`rf fstf igptuaj.

Ganukgs igrgitfrstligs nfrgls bg g`jrbgnfk cjrgk bfclelbgs ijk `gsf ejs

irltrljs bfclelbjs ejs igptuajs 0 f 9 f sfrj gprfsfetgbgs egs prxlkgs sffs.



23

G Clnurg 7> bfsirfvf gs gfs bf fspfilcligj bj slstfkg bf lecjrkgj

`gsfgbj ejs rfqulsltjs bj prjoftj, bfpjls j prjifssj bf kjbfagnfk utlalzgebj ukg

cfrrgkfetg, ej prxlkj pgssj bfsirfvf kgrigj f fxfiuj bgs trgescjrkgfs f

pjr atlkj g nfrgj bg gpaligj `gsfgbg ej kjbfaj bfsirltj getfrljrkfetf fk

ukg pagtgcjrkg gavj fspficlig.

2.9 Gpjlj bfclelj bf trgescjrkgfs

Ijecjrkf cjl gprfsfetgbj ej igptuaj getfrljr, ukg trgescjrkgj pjbf sfr

bfclelbg ijkj uk prjifssj quf rfgalzg g ijevfrsj bf uk kjbfaj fk uk jutrj

kjbfaj bj kfskj slstfkg (JKN, 0449`). Fstgs trgescjrkgfs sfnufk ukg

sfqueilg bf pgssjs quf cjrgk kfeiljegbjs getfrljrkfetf. Gtugakfetf ganukgs

cfrrgkfetgs bf kjbfagnfk bf bgbjs tgls ijkj? @rKjbfaj, FP^le, Gstgm, @jrageb

Rjnftmfr, L@K Pgtljega Yjctwgrf f bf `geij bf bgbjs pjssufk uk kfigelskj bf

trgescjrkgj bf Kjbfaj Fetlbgbf Pfagiljegkfetj pgrg j kjbfaj Anlij f bj

anlij pgrg j kjbfaj Cslij, fxfkpaj? Alenugnfk BBA f vlif-vfrsg.

2.9.7 - Fxfkpaj bj Kftg Kjbfaj bg @là ljtfig VKA0BO

J VKA0BO ukg `làljtfig bf ijkpjefetfs rfspjesvfa pfag trgescjrkgjbf kjbfaj bf blgnrgkg fstruturga (Iagssf) fk uk grqulvj ej cjrkgtj ]KL quf

pjstfrljrkfetf sfr trgescjrkgbj pgrg j kjbfaj bf prjoftj bj crgkfwjrh Bogenj.

Eg prxlkg sfj sfr bftgamgbj g fstruturg bj Kftg Kjbfaj bj ijkpjefetf

VKA0BO. Tgrg rfgalzgr fstg kjbfagnfk cjl efifssrlj fetfebfr j cueiljegkfetj

letfrej bj ijkpjefetf ijkj tgk`k sugs prleilpgls igrgitfrstligs bf fxfiuj,

fstf kftg kjbfaj ijeslbfrgbj ukg nrgebf ijetrlùlj pgrg fstf trg`gamj, pjls g

pgrtlr bfaf sfr pjssvfa iustjklzgr j ijkpjefetf pgrg quf j kfskj pjssg sfrutlalzgbj fk jutrgs pagtgcjrkgs. Fstg pfsqulsg tfvf ijkj pjetj bf pgrtlbg gs

iagssfs bj rfcfrlbj ijkpjefetf f sug fxfiuj fk prjoftjs prfvlgkfetf bfclelbjs.



2>

Clnurg X7>[Clnurg quf rfprfsfetg g grqultfturg bj Kftg Kjbfaj bj ijkpjefetf VKA0BO

Cjetf? Trprlj gutjr

J blgnrgkg quf rfprfsfetg j kftg kjbfaj bg Clnurg 7> blstrl`ubj fk vrljs

ijkpjefetfs, fetrf js qugls pjssvfa kfeiljegr fk bftgamfs gs sfnuletfs

iagssfs bftgamgbgs eg fspfilcligj bg Clnurg 7=.



2=

Clnurg X7=[Bftgamfs bj Kftg Kjbfaj ijkpjefetf VKA0BO.

Cjetf?Trprlj gutjr.

Ijecjrkf g Clnurg 7= quf rfagtg gs gfs fk bftgamf bj Kftg Kjbfaj pjssvfa

rfgalzgr gs gfs, g kftg kjbfagnfk cjl cfltg ijajigebj js ijkpjefetfs ijk j

ejkf fk Lenas, mgog vlstg quf j kfskj pjbfr sfr rfusgbj fk jutrjs prjoftjs.

J rfcfrlbj blgnrgkg pjssul igrgitfrstligs tgls ijkj? G "Iagss" ukg kftg iagssf

bg VKA0BO quf mfrbg gs igrgitfrstligs bf "Kjbfas.Kjbfa" ukg iagssf g`strgtg

quf bfclef bgs igrgitfrstligs bf trgescjrkgj fetrf js kjbfajs, bg kfskg cjrkg

fag cgz ukg mfrgeg katlpag ijk Kftg iagssf "Rypf".

Yfnulebj j kjbfaj g iagssf "Trjpfrty" pjssul ukg gssjilgj bj tlpj ijkpjslj

ijk g Iagssf "Iagss" bfsirfvfebj quf g kfskg pjbf tfr efemukg ju vrlgs

prjpfrty f quf ukg prjpfrty pjbf fst gssjilgbj g efemukg ju ukg iagssf.

G kfskg "Trjpfrty" rfgalzg ukg mfrgeg katlpag fetrf gs iagssfs "RypfFafkfet" f

"KuatlpaliltyFafkfet". Tgrtlebj bfstf prleiplj ukg iagssf bj tlpj "Tgihgnf" fst

mfrbgebj gs igrgitfrstligs bj "EgkfbFafkfet".



2mttp?//www.bogenj`rgsla.jrn, fxlstfk blvfrsjs ijkgebjs bf

fxfiuj bf sfrvlbjr, irlgj bg lesteilg bjs j`oftjs bg iagssf, vgalbgj

bjs grqulvjs bj kjbfaj f ijeclnurgj bj gk`lfetf ijkj uk tjbj, fetrf

jutrgs jpfs, kgljrfs lecjrkgfs fstj blspjevfls fk bogenj-gbkle.py f

kgegnf.py.

sfttlens.py ? Ijeclnurgfs pgrg fstf prjoftj Bogenj. Gtrgvs bfstf grqulvj

pjssvfa bfclelr tjbgs gs ijeclnurgfs bj prjoftj fk nfrga, tgls ijkj?

ijeclnurgj bf `geij bf bgbjs, tlkfzjef, fstruturgs f kjbfajs bf

ijeclnurgj.

uras.py? Gs bfiagrgfs bf VPAs pgrg fstf prjoftj Bogenj8 uk "eblif" bf

sfu sltf kjvlbj g Bogenj. Sji pjbf afr kgls sj`rf VPAs fk

VPABlspgtimfr.



66

Clnurg X02[ -Ijkpjefetfs Letfrejs bj Bogenj

Cjetf? Trprlj gutjr

Eg Clnurg 02 bfsirltj j Kbuaj Gbklelstrgbjr, quf pjssul grqulvjs tgls

ijkj gbkle.py rfspjesvfa pfag lbfetlcligj bg sfqueilg bjs grqulvjs irlgbjs ej

kjbfas.Kjbfa ijkj tgk`k js kbuajs bf grqulvjs rfagiljegbjs rfg rfstrltg bg

gpaligj, j grqulvj kjbfas.py pjssul tjbgs gs igrgitfrstligs f iagssfs nfrgbjs

sj`rf g rfnrg bf efnilj bg gpaligj f bj ijetrjaf bj bjkelj bg kfskg, tgls

igrgitfrstligs sj lbfetlcligbgs pfaj ijeouetj bf iagssfs quf cgzfk pgrtf bg rfnrg

bf bjkelj bg gpaligj, o js grqulvjs tfsts.py clig rfspjesvfa pjr fxfiutgr js

tfstfs ueltrljs bg gpaligj gtrgvs bf tfst.igsf f tfst.sultf, fequgetj quf gj

grqulvj vlfws.py rfspjesvfa pfag rfprfsfetgj bjs bgbjs bj prjoftj

rfagiljegbj g letfrcgif nrclig bg gpaligj ijkj uk tjbj, igsj ej sfog

lkpafkfetgbg lr bfclelr gs igrgitfrstligs `sligs bfstg gpaligj gtrgvs bj

tfkpagtf sft.



63

2.2 - Ftgpgs bf Rrgescjrkgj fetrf js kjbfajs `l`a ljtfig VKA0BO

Tgrg rfgalzgr fstf prjifblkfetj cjl utlalzgbg g `l`aljtfig VKA0BO3efifssrlj

bfsirfvfr fstg gj fk pgrtfs leblvlbugalzgbgs imgkgbgs bf ftgpgs, g prlkflrg

imgkgbg bf ILK, bfpjls j TLK f pjr atlkj g ijestruj bj TYK.

2.2.7 Ijestruj bj ILK (Kjbuaj Lebfpfebfetf bf Ijkputgj)

Fstg ftgpg ijeslstf eg lbfetlcligj bgs rfnrgs bf efnilj `gsfgbgs ej

bjkelj bg gpaligj, pgrg fstf igsj j Ylstfkg bf Nfstj bf Levfetrljs

Mjspltgagrfs "Pftrlfvfr". Gps g ijaftg bjs bgbjs gtrgvs bf rfqulsltjs cueiljegls fej cueiljegls, cjl efifssrlj trgesirfvfr tgls igrgitfrstligs pgrg kjbfajs, ej

prxlkj igptuaj 6, sfrj bfsirltjs js rfqulsltjs cueiljegls f ej cueiljegls bj

prjoftj, ijkj tgk`k ganues blgnrgkgs VKA rfagtgbjs gqul f quf cgzfk pgrtf bg

bfsirlj bf grqultfturg bj slstfkg bf lecjrkgj.

2.2.0 G Ijestruj bj TLK (kjbuaj lebfpfebfetf bf pagtgcjrkg)

Tgrg fag`jrgj bj Blgnrgkg bf iagssfs cjl prfilsj rfsngtgr gs lecjrkgfs

bj kjbfaj ILK (Kjbfaj Lebfpfebfetf Ijkputgiljega) gtrgvs bjs rfqulsltjs

cueiljegls f ej cueiljegls, bfpjls cjl cfltg g kjbfagnfk cueiljega f fstruturga bj

Trjoftj "Pftrlfvfr", j kfskj cjl rfgalzgbj bf cjrkg prtlig gtrgvs bg VKA pfaj

blgnrgkg bf iagssfs, lkpjrtgetf rfsgatgr quf efstf kjkfetj fstf grtfcgtj tfk

ijkj cuej bfsirfvfr g kftg kjbfaj bg gpaligj. Bftgamfs bg kjbfagnfk f bgs

iagssfs fxlstfetfs ej slstfkg sj bftgamgbgs eg clnurg 06.

3Yltf bj VKA tj Bogenj (VKA0BO) mttp?//ijbf.njjnaf.ijk/p/uka-tj-bogenj/



6>

Clnurg X06[ -Blgnrgkg bf Iagssf Kjbfaj bj Ylstfkg "Pftrlfvfr"

Cjetf?Trprlj gutjr

G Clnurg 06 gprfsfetg j blgnrgkg bf bjkelj / kjbfaj ijeifltuga bf iagssf

bfsirfvf bf cjrkg slkpafs f j`oftlvg gs prleilpgls iagssfs bj kjbfaj ijkj tgk`ksugs kuatlpalilbgbfs f gssjilgfs, kjbfagnfk ijk gs igrgitfrstligs fstruturgls

bj bjkelj bg gpaligj.

Tgrg rfgalzgr fstg kjbfagnfk ej blgnrgkg bf iagssf bj prjoftj ej cjl

efifssrlj gtrl`ulr efemuk fstfrftlpj gs iagssfs kjbfagbgs, lstj gijetfif fk

vlrtubf bj ijkpjefetf bf letfnrgj VKA0BO pjssulr igrgitfrstligs `sligs bf

trgescjrkgj `gsfgbgs ej KJC quf lebfpfebfk bjs kfigelskjs bf

trgescjrkgj f sfnufk j kjbfaj VKA0 pgbrj. Blgetf bfstg igrgitfrstlig clig

kgls slkpafs f rplbj rfgalzgr gs trgescjrkgfs fkprfngbgs efstf fstubj bf igsj.

Gps ijeiaulr fstf prjifssj, j prxlkj pgssj ijeslstf fk fxpjrtgr j

blgnrgkg bf iagssf kjbfagbj pgrg uk grqulvj ijk g fxtfesj ]KL, fstf pgssj

ijrrfspjebf gj cjrkgtj bf fxtfesj kgls ijemfilbj pgrg rfgalzgr j pgrslen fetrf gs

pagtgcjrkgs.



6=

G fxpjrtgj cfltg gtrgvs bg cfrrgkfetg GPNJVKA ijecjrkf Clnurg 03,

efag pjssvfa lbfetlcligr gs igrgitfrstligs bj kjbfaj irlgbj `gsfgbj fk ]KL.

Clnurg X03[ -Grqulvj ej cjrkgtj ]KL - Pfprfsfetgj bj Bjkelj bj Ylstfkg

Cjetf?Trprlj gutjr

Gtrgvs bfstf cjrkgtj ]KL pjssvfa lbfetlcligr js ejkfs bgs iagssfs tgls

ijkj Fvfetj, j evfa bf vlsl`lalbgbf, efstf igsj "pu`ali", js gtrl`utjs fxlstfetfs

ijkj iblnjs, sfus evfls bf vlsl`lalbgbf, ijkj tgk`k gs gssjilgfs f

kuatlpalilbgbfs gpaligbgs gj kjbfaj bf bjkelj fk qufstj, tgls igrgitfrstligs sjbf cuebgkfetga lkpjrteilg pgrg rfgalzgr gs trgescjrkgfs, efstf igsj, sj

iruilgls pgrg j suifssj bj prjoftj, lstj gijetfif pjrquf gs cfrrgkfetgs bf nfrgj

bf iblnj tfk ijkj bfsirfvfr sfus ijkpjrtgkfetjs oustgkfetf pfajs bftgamfs

fkprfngbjs ej kjbfaj bf blgnrgkg kjbfagbj.



6 bftgamg fstf prjifssj f ftgpgs.

Clnurg X0>[ -Bftgamf bj prjifssj bf trgescjrkgj fetrf TYK tj Iblnj Cjetf.

Cjetf?Trprlj gutjr

Fstg clnurg 0> rfprfsfetg j prjifblkfetj bf trgescjrkgj bf TYK pgrg

iblnj, j prjifblkfetj ijeslstf eg fxfiuj bj grqulvj nfrgbjrKBGTYK.sm quf

eg sfqueilg lr lelilgalzgr js ijkpjefetfs bj Bogenj VPA Blspgimfr pgrg ijestrulrgs VPA bg gpaligj, Rfkpagtf Yystfk pgrg ijestrulr gs vlfw, j kfigelskj bf

JPK imgkgbj YqaB@ quf rfspjesvfa pjr trgescjrkgr gs iagssfs fk fstruturgs

bj `geij bf bgbjs f j Gbklelstrgtjr Yystfk rfspjesvfa pjr irlgr j kbuaj bf

gutfetligj bj slstfkg ijk ajnle, sfemg f gbklelstrgj bjs pgpls f usurljs bj

slstfkg, fstfs ijkpjefetfs letfnrgbjs rfgalzgk gs trgescjrkgfs f nfrgk j

iblnj cjetf.



34

Clnurg X0=[-Grqulvj ijk js ijkgebjs fk Ymfaa sirlpt - nfrgbjrKBGTLK.sm

Cjetf?Trprlj gutjr.

G clnurg 0= rfprfsfetg j grqulvj quf imgkgbj nfrgbjrKBGTLK.sm fstf

rfspjesvfa pjr fxfiutgr gs gfs rfagiljegbgs trgescjrkgj bj Kjbfaj VKA

grqulvj quf cjl cfltj pfag cfrrgkfetg GrnjVKA. Yug fxfiuj slkpafs f blrftg f

rfprfsfetg uk ijeouetj ijk grqulvjs cfltjs eg alenugnfk Ymfaa Yirlpt. Eg prxlkg

tg`fag sfr fxl`lbg g alstg ijk js ijkgebjs f g bfsirlj bf sug fxfiuj ej

cjrkgtj bf pgssj g pgssj, fstg lecjrkgj feijetrg-sf ej gpeblif S.



37

2.2.2 Ijetleugebj ijk gs trgescjrkgfs, kjbfaj fxfiuj TYK

Efstf pjetj pjssvfa vfrlcligr quf ganukgs gfs o cjrgk rfgalzgbgs,

vlsgebj ijesjalbgr gs trgescjrkgfs cjl irlgbj uk jutrj grqulvj imgkgbj

nfrgrKBGTYK.sm. Fstf gpaligtlvj rfspjesvfa pfag ijetleugj bg fxfiuj bjs

prjoftjs f bgs gfs bf jrqufstrgj.

Gtrgvs bj nfrfeilgbjr JPK imgkgbj YWAB@ quf j bogenj pjssul

pjssvfa bfsirfvfr tgk`k g sletgxf bjs ijkgebjs rfprfsfetgbjs gtrgvs bg

kjbfagnfk VKA (Blgnrgkg bf Iagssfs) ijk j kjbfaj bf `geij bf bgbjs,

bfsirltj eg BBA (Bgtg Bfclegtlje Agenugnf) ijecjrkf gpeblif LLL, kgljrfs

bftgamfs sfrj gprfsfetgbjs ej rfcfrlbj gpeblif LLL bfstg blssfrtgj.

Efstg sfqufeilg bf ijkgebjs pjssvfa vfr ijkj cfltg g trgescjrkgj

fetrf j kjbfaj ijeifltuga bf iagssfs ej kjbfaj cslij bj `geij bf bgbjs, lstj

gijetfif bf cjrkg gutjktlig gtrgvs bj ijkgebj pytmje kgegnf.py syeib`.

G Clnurg 0< bfsirfvf g fxfiuj fk smfaa sirlpt bjs prleilpgls ijkgebjs bf

fxfiuj bg trgescjrkgj bj TYK pgrg j iblnj cjetf.



30

Clnurg X0



39

gbklelstrgr j slstfkg, fstf tfk g rfspjesg`lalbgbf bf gbklelstrgr g jrqufstrgj f

js kbuajs irlgbjs eg gpaligj bj slstfkg.

Eg prxlkg sfj sfr gprfsfetgbj uk rfsukj bj igptuaj ijk

ijeslbfrgfs clegls sj`rf j kfskj f ukg pfqufeg gprfsfetgj bj prxlkj

igptuaj bfstg blssfrtgj.

2.6 - Ijeslbfrgfs Clegls bfstf igptuaj

Efstf igptuaj, `usiju-sf gprfsfetgr js prjifblkfetjs efifssrljs bfjrqufstrgj fetrf js ijkpjefetfs quf bfrgk jrlnfk cfrrgkfetg

pyKBGNfefrgtjr, sfebj gprfsfetgbj prlkflrj, gtrgvs bj kjbfaj ILK, bfpjls, pfag

irlgj bj TLK f ajnj fk sfnulbg pfaj TYK, pjr atlkj, cjl fcftlvgbg g nfrgj bj

iblnj. Burgetf fstgs gfs lkpjrtgetf rfsgatgr j vgajr bgs gfs f js pgssjs

efifssrljs pgrg rfgalzgr gs trgescjrkgfs fetrf js kjbfajs, efstg pagtgcjrkg

lkpjrtgetf letfnrgr gs gfs f js sirlpts, bgebj ecgsf gj kjbfaj bj crgkfwjrh.

Fstg pfsqulsg sf prjpf g rfgalzgr ukg jrqufstrgj fetrf js ijkpjefetfs

eg pagtgcjrkg pgrg sfr utlalzgbj ijk g alenugnfk Tytmje f j crgkfwjrh Bogenj, eg

ijestruj rplbg bf slstfkgs bf lecjrkgj pgrg wf`.

Ej prxlkj igptuaj sfrj gprfsfetgbjs j fstubj bf igsjs bfstf trg`gamj,

ijkj tgk`k lecjrkgfs bftgamgbgs sj`rf j Ylstfkg "Pftrlfvfr" f "Gssft

Levfetjry", quf vk g sfr uk bjs tfkgs ifetrgls bfstg pfsqulsg.



32

6 F]FKTAJ? YLYRFKG "PFRPLFSFP" F J YLYRFKG BF NFYRJ

TGRPLKJELGA "GYYFR LESFERJP\"

J jòftlvj bfstf igptuaj gprfsfetgr ganues ijeifltjs rfagiljegbjs gj

Ylstfkg bf Nfstj bf Levfetrljs Mjspltgagrfs "Pftrlfvfr", ijk sugs igrgitfrstligs

letfregs bf grqultfturg f kjbfajs bf ijkpjefetfs, rfqulsltjs cueiljegls f ej

cueiljegls, letfrcgifs bgs gpaligj f bfkgls cuefs bjs slstfkg. Gak blssj,

sfrj g`jrbgbgs g igtfnjrlzgj bjs jòftlvjs trg`gamj f j fstubj bf igsj bfstf

slstfkg. Afk`rgebj quf j rfcfrlbj slstfkg cjl bfsfevjavlbj ej Kfstrgbj

Trjclssljega fk Fenfemgrlg bf Yjctwgrf bj IFYGP.FBV turkg? 0470.7 pgrg jialfetf @fgnafRfim gtrgvs bg C`rlig bf Yjctwgrf >Njcgitjry f ej clega bgs

gtlvlbgbfs bgs blsilpalegs bfsfevjavfkjs tgk`k uk ejvj sjctwgrf bg prprlg

Njcgitjry pgrg nfstj bf levfetrljs pgtrlkjelgls imgkgbj "Gssft Levfetjry", j

kfskj sfr gprfsfetgbj tgk`k efstf igptuaj.

6.7 Bfclelj bj prjàfkg

Vk bjs nrgebfs bfsgcljs bjs nfstjrfs bf mjspltgls f iaeligs kbligs

kgetfr j ijetrjaf sj`rf sfus gtlvjs mjspltgagrfs, tgls ijkj? fqulpgkfetjs, kgtfrlga

mjspltgagr, kfbligkfetjs, `geij bf sgenuf, rjupgs bf igkg, vfsturljs f utfesalj.

Tgrg sjauiljegr j prjàfkg, tjreju-sf efifssrlj irlgr uk slstfkg bf lecjrkgj

quf pfrkltg rgstrfgr f lbfetlcligr g ajigalzgj fk tfkpj rfga bjs ltfes bj mjspltga.

Bfvfebj tgk`k kgetfr uk rfnlstrj bgs kjvlkfetgfs ej gk`lfetf mjspltgagr.

>NjCgitjry - C`rlig bf Yjctwgrf bj Kfstrgbj Trjclssljega Ifsgr.fbu.`r "mttp?//www.njcgitjry.ijk.`r"



36

6.7.7 J lkpgitj

G guseilg bf ijetrjaf bfssfs gtlvjs tfk lecaufeilg blrftg ejs iustjs bgs

jrngelzgfs kbligs, ej bfspfrbilj bf kgtfrlga f ej kgu usj bj pgtrlkelj

mjspltgagr. Ijkj ijesfqueilg, fssgs gfs tk ijetrlùbj pgrg gukfetgr js

prfouzjs ijkj rju`j f curtj bf ltfes fxlstfetfs ej mjspltga, gagvgeigebj gsslk,

fejrkf prfouzj pgrg g jrngelzgj.

J prjifssj bf nfrfeilgkfetj bf fqulpgkfetjs gtlvjs bfetrj bf mjspltgls

ganj `gstgetf ijkpafxj f fevjavf rlsij, leiauslvf bf vlbg ju ijetnlj, ej quf sf

rfcfrf g lecfifs pjr fxfkpaj.

6.7.0 G sjauj

Cjl irlgbj uk slstfkg bf lecjrkgj bfstlegbj g guxlalgr j prjifssj bf

nfrfeilgkfetj mjspltgagr iuoj jòftlvj lecjrkgr g ajigalzgj fk tfkpj rfga bf

fqulpgkfetjs f kfbligkfetjs j`fbfifebj g ganues prfifltjs ej quf sf rfcfrf g

uk slstfkg bf lecjrkgj. Gak blssj, js mjspltgls pjbfk utlalzgr f blspjr, bf

cjrkg kgls fclilfetf, js fqulpgkfetjs quf pjssufk, rfbuzlebj gs bfspfsgs

rfcfrfetfs rfpjslj f gj trgespjrtf bjs fqulpgkfetjs. G ijk`legj bfssgs

gtrlùlfs falkleg prjàfkgs crfqufetfkfetf j`sfrvgbjs bfetrj bf mjspltgls, tfebj

ijkj ijesfqueilgs, kfamjrfs sfrvljs jcfrfilbjs gjs pgilfetfs, gnrfngebj g

fssfs sfrvljs, evfls bf iustjs gifltvfls f ijkpftltlvjs pgrg j efnilj gj quga sf

prjpf.

6.0 Ytghfmjabfrs, Pfqulsltjs Cueiljegls f Ej cuei ljegls

Efstg pgrtf bj trg`gamj sfrj gprfsfetgbjs ganukgs lecjrkgfs sj`rf jsYtghfmjabfrsbj prjoftj f g alstg bf rfqulsltjs cueiljegls f ej cueiljegls bj prjoftj,

fstgs gfs sj lkpjrtgetf pgrg bfclelr tgetj gs igrgitfrstligs cueiljegls

rfagiljegbgs g fxfiuj bgs gtlvlbgbfs ej prjoftj "Pftrlfvfr" ijkj tgk`k gs

igrgitfrstligs bf usg`lalbgbf, pfrcjrkgeif, sfnurgeg, fti. Lbfetlcligbgs gtrgvs

bjs rfqulsltjs ej cueiljegls bfstf prjoftj.



33

6.0.7 Ytghfmjabfrs

Eg fenfemgrlg bf rfqulsltjs, js stghfmjabfrssj bfclelbjs ijkj pfssjgsju jrngelzgfs quf sfrj gcftgbgs pfaj slstfkg f quf blrftg ju leblrftgkfetf

tfk lecaueilg sj`rf js rfqulsltjs.

@gsligkfetf, js stghfmjabfrs bj prjoftj "Pftrlfvfr"pjbfk sfr blvlblbjs

fk ileij nrupjs bfsirltjs g sfnulr?

Fecfrkflrj?Ijag`jrgbjrfs bj sftjr bf Fecfrkgrlg.

Fenfemflrj iaelij? Ijag`jrgbjrfs quf fstj rfspjesvfls

pfaj Ltfk f `ajijs bj Trblj.

Yfnurgeg?Fqulpf bf Slnlaeilg.

Nfstjr?Nfrfetf Gbklelstrgtlvj bj Mjspltga.

Gbklelst rgbjr?Yupfr usurlj bj Ylstfkg.

6.0.0. Gtjrfs

7. Gbklelstrgbjr

0. Fecfrkgnfk

9. Nfstjr

2. Fenfemflrj Iaelij

6. Yfnurgeg

3. Yfesjr



3>

6.0.9 Pfqulsltjs (cueiljegls f ej cuei ljegls)

Js rfqulsltjs bfclefk js sfrvljs quf j slstfkg bfvfr jcfrfifr, j ijeouetjbfafs bftfrkleg g jpfrgj bj slstfkg. Yj blvlblbjs fk Pfqulsltjs Cueiljegls f

Ej Cueiljegls.

Js rfqulsltjs cueiljegls rfcfrfk-sf gjs prfssupjstjs quf fstj rfagiljegbjs

ijk g cjrkg ijk quf j slstfkg bfvf jpfrgr, jebf sf fspfilcligk gs fetrgbgs f

sgbgs bj slstfkg f j rfagiljegkfetj ijkpjrtgkfetga fetrf fags, gsslk ijkj g

letfrgj ijk j usurlj.

Bfstg cjrkg, js rfqulsltjs cueiljegls lbfetlcligbjs sj?

PFC. GRJPFY PFWVLYLRJ

PC47 Rjbjs Gutfetligr usurljs

PC40 Rjbjs Alstgr ltfes bf kgtfrlga pjr sftjr

PC49 Nfs Nfrfeilgr rfagtrljs bf fqulpgkfetjs pjr rltkjs le gk`lfetf

PC42 Nfs Nfrfeilgr usurljs

PC46 Nfs Nfrgr rfagtrlj pjr gk`lfetf

PC43 Gbk Nfrfeilgr mjspltgls

PC4> Gbk Nfrfeilgr nfstjr bj mjspltga

PC4= Gbk Pfnlstrgr gafrtgs fkltlbjs

PC4< Gbk Nfrgr ajnbf fvfetjs lefspfrgbjs

PC74 Gbk Gubltgr slstfkg

PC77 Fen Nfrfeilgr prbljs/`ajijs

PC70 Fen Alstgr ltfes eg tfag bf leilj

PC79 Fen Nfrfeilgr fqulpgkfetj



3=

PFC. GRJPFY PFWVLYLRJ

PC72 Fen Nfrfeilgr rfgs

PC76 Fen Nfrfeilgr gebgrfs

PC73 Fen Nfrfeilgr kjvlkfetgfs

PC7> Fen Nfrfeilgr lbfetlcligbjrfs

PC7= Fen Nfrfeilgr sfesjrfs

PC7< Yfesjr / Yfn Gafrtgr kjvlkfetgj lebfvlbg

PC04 Yfesjr / Yfn Pfif`fr gafrtg bf sfnurgeg

Rg`fag X7[?Pfqulsltjs Cueiljegls

Cjetf?Trprlj Gutjr

6.0.2 Bfclelj bjs Pfqulsltjs Ej Cueiljegls

PFCFPEILG PFWVLYLRJ EJ CVEILJEGA

PEC47 J slstfkg bfvf pfrkltlr katlpajs usurljs.

PEC40 J slstfkg bfvf tfr ukg blspjel`lalbgbf bf



3 Tgrg gs ijesuatgs f rfagtrljs j tfkpj bf rfspjstg ej pjbf sfr

supfrljr g 6 sfnuebjs.

PEC4= J slstfkg bfvf sfr fxfiutgbj ejs egvfngbjrfs Letfreft Fxpajrfr



>4

6.9 Kjbfajs bf Grtfcgtjs f bjiukfetjs bj prjoftj

Efstg sfj sfrj gprfsfetgbjs ganues grtfcgtjs prjbuzlbjs efstf prjoftj

leiaulebj blgnrgkgs fstruturgls f ijkpjrtgkfetgls bg VKA f blgnrgkgs bf

kjbfagnfk, fetlbgbf, rfagiljegkfetj bj `geij bf bgbjs f kjbfaj anlij, fstgs

igrgitfrstligs sj lkpjrtgetfs pgrg bfsirfvfr js gspfitjs grqultfturgls bj prjoftj f

sugs prleilpgls igrgitfrstligs.

6.9.7 - Blgnrgkg bf igsjs bf usj

Clnurg X94[- Blgnrgkg bf igsjs bf usj "Pftrlfvfr"

Cjetf?Trprlj Gutjr

J blgnrgkg bf igsjs bf usj, ijecjrkf Clnurg 94 bj prjoftj "Pftrlfvfr"

rfspjesvfa pjr bfsirfvfr js gspfitjs cueiljegls bj slstfkg f sugs letfrgfs



>7

fetrf js gtjrfs, sugs gssjilgfs, nfefrgalzgfs, f igrgitfrstligs bf bfpfebeilg

bj tlpj? fxtfebs f leiaubfs. lkpjrtgetf sgalfetgr j pgpfa bjs gtjrfs Nfstjr,

Fenfemgrlg Iaelig f Gbklelstrgbjr, pjls js kfskjs sj js kgls lkpjrtgetfs f

letfrgnfk ijk gs prleilpgls cueiljegalbgbfs bg gpaligj. Efaf pjssvfa lbfetlcligr

js prleilpgls rfqulsltjs cueiljegls lbfetlcligbj efstf prjoftj ijkj? Nfrfeilgr

Lbfetlcligbjrfs, Nfrfeilgr Kjvlkfetgfs, Pfif`fr Gafrtg bf Yfnurgeg, fetrf

jutrjs.

6.9.0 - Blgnrgkg bf Iagssf

J Blgnrgkg fstruturga bg VKA - j blgnrgkg bf iagssfs pjssl`laltg gvfrlcligj bg fstruturg bjs bgbjs fxlstfetfs ej bjkelj bj prj`afkg, tjregebj

pjssvfa lbfetlcligr sugs prleilpgls iagssfs, gssjilgfs, kuatlpalilbgbfs,

gnrfngfs, ijkpjslfs f fstruturgs bf nfefrgalzgj, mfrgeg ju ijkpjslj.

Fstfs bgbjs sj gprfsfetgbjs eg Clnurg 97.

Clnurg X97[- Blgnrgkg bf iagssfs - "Pftrlfvfr"

Cjetf?Trprlj Gutjr.



>0

lkpjrtgetf rfssgatgr quf j bjkelj bj prjàfkg j slstfkg bf nfstj bf

levfetrljs mjspltgagrfs, j bjkelj bg sjauj vlsg nfrfeilgr gs lecjrkgfs

vlvfeilgbgs fk mjspltgls f sfnkfet-ags pjr àjijs, gebgrfs, rfg, fqulpgkfetjs,

tlpjs bf fqulpgkfetjs, rfg, s9Tagetg@glxg quf ijeslstf eg cjrkg bf sfafiljegr

ukg clnurg ijk g rfprfsfetgj bj rfnlstrj.

Bf pjssf bfssg lecjrkgj clig kgls cila fstg`fafifr g sjauj utlalzgebj js

ijeifltjs bf gealsf f prjoftj bf slstfkgs, pjls ijk j rfusj bf sjctwgrf pjssvfa

kfamjrgr f gbgptgr gs sjaufs gpaligbgs gj bjkelj bf nfstj gj slstfkg bf

nfstj bf levfetrljs, fstf uk bjs prleilpgls blgnrgkgs bfstf prjoftj pjls tfk

ijkj igrgitfrstligs `sligs g rfprfsfetgj bg fstruturg bgs iagssfs sfusprleilpgls gtrlùtjs f ganues ktjbjs rfcfrfeilgbjs ej prjoftj fk gealsf.

6.9.9 - Blgnrgkg bf Ijkpjefetfs

Fstf blgnrgkg tfk ijkj jòftlvj bfsirfvfr gs igrgitfrstligs letfregs bf

ijkpjefetfs bf grqultfturg bj prjoftj, cgzfr g grqultfturg `gsfgbg ej kjbfaj KSI

(Kjbfa Slfw Ijetrjaafr) f sfrvlr bf kjbfaj pgrg js fenfemflrjs bf sjctwgrf,

grqultftjs f bfsfevjavfbjrfs bj prjoftj. Gtrgvs bfstf kjbfaj pjssvfa rfgalzgr gs

jpfrgfs letfralngbgs fetrf gs iagssfs rfusgebj ijkpjefetfs f gpaligebj ganues

pgbrfs bf prjoftj ijemfilbjs tgls ijkj Ylenaftje, Cgigbf, BGJfti.

J blgnrgkg bf ijkpjefetfs fspfilclig bf cjrkg iagrg gs igkgbgs bf

efnilj, kjbfaj f letfrcgif bg gpaligj, j pagy crgkfwjrhrfprfsfetg

Bf gijrbj ijk j blgnrgkg gprfsfetgbj eg Clnurg 90 g igkgbg Kjbfaj

pjssul ukg letfrcgif imgkgbg pagy.Kjbfa quf lkpafkfetgs gs iagssfs bj kjbfaj

ijeifltuga bj prjoftj, efstf igsj gs iagssfs Vsurljs f Kjvlkfetgigj lkpafkfetgkfstg letfrcgif.

O eg igkgbg Efnilj sj gprfsfetgbjs ijkpjefetfs bf efnilj f

letfrcgifs bg gpaligj, g fxfkpaj bg iagssf Gutfetligbjr@B, Kjvlkfetgij f

SgalbgbjrKjvlkfetgigjLkpa, fstgs sj iagssfs bf rfnrgs bf efnilj bg gpaligj,

o g igkgbg bf letfrcgif igrgitfrlzgbg pfags letfrcgifs nrcligs bg gpaligj f



>9

sfrvfk bf kjbfaj bf ijkueligj tgk`k ijk j Klbbafwgrf bf Letfnrgj g

fxfkpaj bgs iagssfs CrkVsugrlj, CrkKjvlkfetgigj f KlbbafwgrfKjvlkfetgigj.

Clnurg X90[- Blgnrgkg bf ijkpjefetfs - Slsj Letfreg (KSI) "Pftrlfvfr"

Cjetf?Trprlj Gutjr

J prxlkj blgnrgkg bf Lestgagj, gprfsfetgbj eg Clnurg 99, tfk ijkj

igrgitfrstlig cuebgkfetga g gprfsfetgj bg vlsj fxtfreg bjs ijkpjefetfs bf

sjctwgrf, fstg vlsj lkpjrtgetf pgrg bfsirfvfr gs gfs rfagiljegbgs

prleilpgakfetf g letfrjpfrg`lalbgbf f g pjssl`lalbgbf bf letfnrgj ijk jutrjs

slstfkgs fxtfrejs, mgog vlstg quf gtugakfetf o bfsfevjavfkjs eg ejssg C`rlig bf

Yjctwgrf j ejssj prprlj Klbbafwgrf bf letfnrgj ej bfpfebfebj kgls bgs

gfs bjs jutrjs ijkpjefetfs bf Klbbafwgrffxlstfetfs.



>2

Clnurg X99[- Blgnrgkg bf Lestgagj - Slsj Fxtfreg "Pftrlfvfr"

Cjetf?Trprlj Gutjr

6.2 Letfrcgifs bg gpaligj f rfquls ltjs bj slstfkg "Pftrlfvfr"

Efstg pgrtf bj trg`gamj gprfsfetgbj ganukgs letfrcgifs bg gpaligj

"Pftrlfvfr", bfstg cjrkg pjssvfa lbfetlcligr gs igrgitfrstligs vlsugls rfagiljegbgs

gj prjoftj. Trftfebfkjs gsslk gprfsfetgr ganukgs letfrcgifs bj prjoftj fk

qufstj.

6.2.7 Rfag bf Gutfetligj bf Vsurljs bj Ylstfkg "Pftrlfvfr"

G letfrcgif rfcfrfetf g tfag bf gutfetligj bjs usurljs ej slstfkg pjbf sfr

cfltg gtrgvs bj sfu fkgla f ukg sfemg prfvlgkfetf igbgstrgbg ej slstfkg, fstfs

bgbjs sj vgalbgbjs pfag gpaligj f sfrvfk bf `gsf pgrg bgr gifssj gj gk`lfetfbj slstfkg "Pftrlfvfr". G clnurg 92 rfprfsfetg g tfag bf gutfetligj.



>6

Clnurg X92[- "Pftrlfvfr" - Rfag bf Gutfetligj bf usurljs ej slstfkgCjetf?Trprlj Gutjr

J paunlebf letfrcgif bfstg gpaligj cjl kjblcligbj bf gijrbj ijk j ialfetf

pgrg ngrgetlr ukg kgljr usg`lalbgbf.

6.2.0 Rfag prleilpga bj Ylstfkg Yfafiljef j Mjspltga

G tfag prleilpga bj slstfkg rfprfsfetgbg gtrgvs bj Ejkf "Pftrlfvfr"

Ylstfkg bf Nfrfeilgkfetj bf Fqulpgkfetjs Mjspltgagrfs, gak blssj fxlstfk js

ijefs bf Mjkf, Gtlvjs, Velbgbfs, Fqulpgkfetjs f Vsurljs ej kfeu prleilpga bj

slstfkg, eg pgrtf supfrljr blrfltg bg gpaligj pjssvfa gatfrgr g uelbgbf f fxlstfk

lecjrkgfs sj`rf j usurlj ijefitgbj f g jpj bf ajnjut.

Eg Clnurg 96 pjssvfa lbfetlcligr j bfslnefr bg gpaligj, sfus fafkfetjs

bf ijkpjslj, fetrf fafs, j tjpj ijk j ejkf "Pftrlfvfr", g `grrg bf kfeus ijk js

prleilpgls kfeus bf jpj, j rjbgp ijk lecjrkgfs bj slstfkg f bj cjrefifbjr,

fetrf jutrgs.



>3

Clnurg X96[ - (Pftrlfvfr) - Yfafj bf Mjspltga pgrg Gbklelstrgr

Cjetf?Trprlj Gutjr

6.2.9 Rfag bf Gtlvjs Mjspltgagrfs sj`rf j Ylstfkg "Pftrlfvfr"

G tfag bj igbgstrj bf gtlvjs mjspltgagrfs cgz pgrtf bj kfeu Gtlvjs f

ijrrfspjebf g ukg bgs tfags bf nfstj bj slstfkg, gtrgvs bfstg tfag pjssvfa

leiaulr, gatfrgr, fxiaulr f alstgr tjbjs js gtlvjs mjspltgagrfs igbgstrgbjs ej slstfkg.

Fstg lecjrkgj lkpjrtgetf f sfrvf bf `gsf pgrg galkfetgr gjs jutrjs bgbjs

rfagiljegbjs g kjvlkfetgj bjs gtlvjs, fqulpgkfetjs, sfesjrfs f bfkgls ltfes bj

mjspltga, tgls bftgamfs f lkpafkfetgfs fstj sfebj vlsugalzgbjs gtrgvs bg Clnurg

93.



>>

Clnurg X93[ - "Pftrlfvfr" - Rfag bf igbgstrj bf Gtlvjs Mjspltgagrfs

Cjetf? Trprlj Gutjr

6.2.2 Rfag bf Velbgbfs bj Ylstfkg "Pftrlfvfr"

G Clnurg 9> fxl`f g letfrcgif bj igbgstrj bf Velbgbfs, quf cgz pgrtf bj kfeu

Velbgbfs f ijrrfspjebf g ukg bgs tfags bf nfstj bj slstfkg, gtrgvs bfstg tfag

pjssvfa leiaulr, gatfrgr, fxiaulr f alstgr tjbgs gs uelbgbfs ju sfog mjspltgls

rfagiljegbjs gj slstfkg, pgrg lstj prfilsj lecjrkgr j Ejkf bj mjspltga, Rfafcjef,

Febfrfj, Ilbgbf f Fstgbj f pjr atlkj prfssljegr j `jtj sgavgr pgrg nrgvgr gs

lecjrkgfs.

Ijkj pjssvfa vfr eg Clnurg 9> j igbgstrj bf Velbgbfs, quf cgz pgrtf bj

kfeu Velbgbfs f ijrrfspjebf g ukg bgs tfags bf nfstj bj slstfkg, gtrgvs bfstg

tfag pjssvfa leiaulr, gatfrgr, fxiaulr f alstgr tjbgs gs uelbgbfs bjs mjspltgls

rfagiljegbjs gj slstfkg, pgrg lstj prfilsj lecjrkgr j Ejkf bj mjspltga, Rfafcjef,

Febfrfj, Ilbgbf f Fstgbj f pjr atlkj prfssljegr j `jtj sgavgr pgrg nrgvgr gs

lecjrkgfs.



>=

Clnurg X9>[- "Pftrlfvfr" - Rfag bf Igbgstrj bf Velbgbfs

Cjetf?Trprlj Gutjr

6.2.2 Rfag bf Vsurljs bj slstfkg "Pftrlfvfr".

Eg Clnurg 9=, g tfag bj Igbgstrj bf Vsurljs cgz pgrtf bj kfeu Vsurljs f

ijrrfspjebf g ukg bgs tfags bf nfstj bj slstfkg, gtrgvs bfstg tfag pjssvfa

leiaulr, gatfrgr, fxiaulr f alstgr tjbjs js usurljs igbgstrgbjs ejs mjspltgls, sfrvlebjtgk`k pgrg bfclelr gs igrgitfrstligs bf Tfrcla tgls ijkj? Gbklelstrgbjr bj Mjspltga,

Fenfemgrlg Iaelig, Fecfrkflrj, fti.



>

efifssrljs pgrg nfrgj bg gpaligj, eg ijestruj bg letfrcgif bg gpaligj cjl

efifssrlj g ijestruj bf Rfkpagtf.

Eg cgsf bf gealsf f fspfilcligj bj slstfkg cjrgk nfrgbjs blvfrsjs

grtfcgtjs bf gealsf leiaulebj bjiukfetj bf rfqulsltjs, bjiukfetj bf vlsj,

blgnrgkgs bf igsjs bf usj, blgnrgkgs bf iagssf, blgnrgkg bf ijkpjefetfs fetrf

jutrjs, tjtgalzgebj 72 grtfcgtjs nfrgbjs pgrg j prjoftj fk Ogvg gtrgvs bg

alenugnfk bf kjbfagnfk VKA sfnulebj g kftjbjajnlg PTrjifss f j iliaj bf vlbg

letfrgtlvj f leirfkfetga `gsfgbj fk igsjs bf usj f gspfitjs nfls `gsfgbj ej

YIPVK.

Tgrg igrgitfrlzgr js blgs trg`gamgbjs blvlblkjs j trg`gamj bf sfnuebg g

sfxtg-cflrg ijk 4= mjrgs bf trg`gamj blrlj ejssg fqulpf cjl blvlblbg fk 43 pfssjgs,

sfebj 47 nfrfetf bf prjoftjs, 40 Trjnrgkgbjrfs, 47 Fenfemflrj / Grqultftj bf

Yjctwgrf, 47 Bfslnefr, 47 B@G/Fenfemflrj bf Rfstfs. J rfnlstrj bgs gtlvlbgbfs

rfgalzgbgs cjl cfltj gtrgvs bj PfbKlef. Burgetf fstf pfrjbj rfgalzgkjs blvfrsgs

rfuelfs fk uk ijeouetj bf 40 letfrgfs / Yprlets tjtgalzgebj 76 blgs bf trg`gamj

pgrg igbg Yprlet ej tjtga.

Wugetj gj ekfrj bf mjrgs trg`gamgbgs cjl sfnulebj j ekfrj bf blgs 79

ijk = mjrgs bf gtlvlbgbf pjr blg, efstf kjkfetj ijesfnulkjs rfgalzgr gs

gtlvlbgbfs ijk 63 mjrgs bf trg`gamj ej clega bj prjoftj, blvlblebj fstgs lecjrkgfs

fk kfsfs tlvfkjs kfejs bf 47 ks bf trg`gamj pgrg bfsfevjavfr j ekfrj bf 7>

igsjs bf usj gprfsfetgbjs efstg blssfrtgj bf Kfstrgbj lstj ejs ngrgetlu g

ijkpaftg fxfiuj bgs cueiljegalbgbfs bg gpaligj sjaliltgbgs pfaj ejssj ialfetf?

@fgnafRfim.

J nrclij 7 laustrg bf cjrkg qugetlbgbf bf Yprlets, mjrgs, blgs, grtfcgtjs,

iagssfs f bfkgls gfs fxfkpalcligbjs efstf trg`gamj, cjl j`sfrvgbj efstg pfsqulsg

fk qufstj quf tjbjs js ekfrjs gprfsfetgbjs gqul bfsirfvfk ukg vlsj

lkpgrilga quf cjl gpaligbg gj bfsfevjavlkfetj ijk g cfrrgkfetg GEBPJKBG

`gsfgbj fk gealsf, prjoftj f lkpafkfetgj bf iblnj plagrfs cjrtfs gpaligbjs bg



==

Fenfemgrlg bf Yjctwgrf, quf ijeslstf fk usj bf tieligs, cfrrgkfetgs f kjbfajs,

ej bfclelebj qugls sj f slk quf fxlstfk f pjbfk sfr gpaligbjs.

Nrclij X47[?Nrclij ijk gs lecjrkgfs fstgtstligs bj prjoftj bfsfevjavlbj fk Ogvg OFF GEBPJKBG

Cjetf?Trprlj Gutjr

3.0 - Pfprfsfetgj bjs bgbjs gpaligbjs gj prjoftj "Gssft Levfetjry"

bfsfevjavlkfetj eg alenugnfk Tytmje ijk Bogenj

Efstg pgrtf bj trg`gamj sfrj gprfsfetgbgs lecjrkgfs sj`rf g gealsf,

prjoftj f fspfilcligj bj prjoftj "Gssft Levfetjry" bg C`rlig bf Yjctwgrf

Njcgitjry, fetrf fags pjssvfa lbfetlcligr lecjrkgfs tgls ijkj fxl`lbgs eg tg`fag

3?

WVGBPJ BJ TPJOFRJ IJK GEBPJKBG (OGSG) ] T\KBGNFEFPGRJP (T\RMJE)BFYIPLJ OGSG T\RMJE BLCFPFEG

WVGERLBGBF / EKFPJ BF IAGYYFY IPLGBGY 62 9= 73,44

WVGERLBGBF / EKFPJ RJRGA BF GPWVLSJY NFPGBJY



=,=2%

9=,64%

>,67%

>,42%

0=,7>%

4,



. IJEYLBFPGFY CLEGLY

>.7 - Fpajnj

J pgbrj bf fenfemgrlg bf sjctwgrf `gsfgbj fk kjbfajs bg KBG (Kjbfa

Brlvfe Grimltfiturf) tfk ijkj prjpjstg g ijestruj slstfktlig `gsfgbg fk

fxfkpajs fstruturgls f ijkpjrtgkfetgls bg VKA, lstj gijetfif bf cjrkg egturga

burgetf g trgescfreilg bjs gspfitjs tielijs bf bfsfevjavlkfetj pgrg gs prlkflrgs

cgsfs bf pagefogkfetj f prjofj. Fetrf jutrjs `fefciljs fstj uk gatj evfa bf

rfusj, rfbuj bj Rlkf-tj-kgrhft, fetrf jutrjs.

G fxpfrleilg fetrf js grqultftjs, fenfemflrjs f gegalstgs bf slstfkgs uk

bjs prjàfkgs lbfetlcligbjs ej usj bfstf pgrgblnkg sj` j pjetj bf vlstg bf

fxpajrgr js gspfitjs ijkpjrtgkfetgls f fstruturgls bg VKA vlsgebj bftgamgr j

kxlkj pjssvfa s igrgitfrstligs bf efnilj bf uk bjkelj fspfilcligbj,

afk`rgebj quf, lecfalzkfetf, j cjij sf ijeifetrg kgls eg fspfilcligj bj iblnj f

kultj pjuij ejs rfqulsltjs bf kjbfagnfk ijeifltugls f anlijs bg grqultfturg bf

sjctwgrf.

Bfssg cjrkg, ukg bgs prlkflrgs prfjiupgfs ijeslstf eg lbfetlcligj f egrfprfsfetgj bfstgs lecjrkgfs fk ijeslbfrgj gjs gspfitjs bf ijestruj bj

ILK - kjbfaj ijkputgiljega bf rfqulsltjs f rfnrgs bf efnilj, bfpjls eg

trgescjrkgj fk TLK - Kjbfaj Lebfpfebfetf bf Tagtgcjrkg gtrgvs bjs grtfcgtjs

bg VKA f bg alenugnfk bf rfstrlj gj kjbfaj JIA, fstg igrgitfrstlig sfr

trgescjrkgbg fk TYK - Kjbfaj Fspficlij bf Tagtgcjrkg - igrgitfrlzgbj pfajs

gspfitjs tielijs bf lkpafkfetgj bg pagtgcjrkg fk qufstj, pjr atlkj, g

trgescjrkgj bf TYK pgrg iblnj cjetf, bfpjls pgrg j iblnj jòftj (fxfiutvfa).

G kjbfagnfk bjs gspfitjs fstruturgls f ijkpjrtgkfetgls bg VKA ukg bgs

prlkflrgs gtlvlbgbfs bf bfsfevjavlkfetj f lkpafkfetgj bj slstfkg bf lecjrkgj

eg ùsig pgrg lbfetlcligr pjetjs fk ijkuk quf sj rfgalzgbjs pfajs iltgbjs

prjclssljegls getfrljrkfetf qufstljegbjs. J kjbfaj bf igrgitfrstligs, nfrgbj g

pgrtlr bfssgs gtlvlbgbfs utlalzgbj ijkj pjetj bf pgrtlbg pgrg j rfijrtf efifssrlj

lestgeilgj bf ejvjs slstfkgs bf lecjrkgj eg ^F@, Gak blssj, pfrkltf



uelcjrklzgr j fetfeblkfetj fetrf tjbjs js fevjavlbjs ej prjifssj bf

bfsfevjavlkfetj.

Fstg blssfrtgj gprfsfetg ukg jrqufstrgj bf ijkpjefetfs rfutlalzvfls

bf sjctwgrf `gsfgbjs fk KBG, quf vlsg irlgr uk ktjbj letfnrgbj pgrg nfrgj bf

gpaligfs pgrg slstfkgs bf lecjrkgfs eg ^f`, utlalzgebj g alenugnfk Tytmje f j

crgkfwjrh bf bfsfevjavlkfetj nla Bogenj, ouetgkfetf ijk g VKA. Fstg

g`jrbgnfk fst blvlblbg fk trs pgrtfs/ijkpjefetfs? TyKBGNfefrgtjr kbuaj

TLK, TyKBGNfefrgtjr kbuaj TYK f j kbuaj bf nfrgj fk smfaa sirlpt pgrg

letfnrgr gs gfs ftgpgs bf bfsfevjavlkfetj f nfrgj clega bj prjoftj.

Vk fstubj prfalklegr rfgalzgbj pgrg gvgalgr g cfrrgkfetg cjl tfstgbj gtrgvs

bj prjoftj bg C`rlig bf Yjctwgrf Njcgitjry bj slstfkg bf nfstj bf levfetrljs

mjspltgagrfs ej prjbutj "Pftrlfvfr". Fssf fstubj ijetrlùlu pgrg g kfamjrlg bg

g`jrbgnfk f kjtlvju j bfsfevjavlkfetj bf uk prjttlpj pgrg gpjlgr g gpaligj bg

jrqufstrgj. Fssf fxfkpaj cjl bfsfevjavlbj ej ijetfxtj bj gk`lfetf bg

cfrrgkfetg TyKBGNfefrgtjr, fevjavfebj gs ftgpgs bf pagefogkfetj, gealsf,

prjoftj, lkpafkfetgj f tfstfs.

>.0 Ijetrlùlfs

J trg`gamj bf pfsqulsg gprfsfetgbj tfvf ijkj jòftlvj prleilpga prjpjr ukg

jrqufstrgj fetrf ijkpjefetfs rfutlalzvfls bf sjctwgrf pgrg lkpafkfetgj bf

slstfkgs bf lecjrkgj pgrg ^f` `gsfgbj ej pgrgblnkg KBG. Gtrgvs bg

alenugnfk Tytmje f bj crgkfwjrh bf bfsfevjavlkfetj nla Bogenj. Fetrf gs sugs

prleilpgls ijetrlùlfs, pjbfkjs bfstgigr?

Bfclelj bf ukg jrqufstrgj bf ijkpjefetfs rfutlalzvfls bf sjctwgrf

gpaligbj gj KBG, slkpafs, prtlig f jòftlvg, leiaulebj gs ftgpgs bj ILK,

TLK, TYK f trgescjrkgfs pgrg iblnj cjetf. (7) j rfusj bf ukg ejtgj

pgrg g rfprfsfetgj fxpailtg bjs ijeifltjs bf ILK fk VKA, (0) uk

kfigelskj pgrg nfrgj bjs grqulvjs gbkle.py f kjbfas.py bf cjrkg

gutjktlig gtrgvs bg `làljtfig VKA0BO (sj js grqulvjs ej cjrkgtj *.sm



.9 Alkltgfs

Ganukgs alkltgfs bfstf trg`gamj cjrgk lbfetlcligbgs g pgrtlr bf ukg gealsf

irtlig bg g`jrbgnfk prjpjstg f bj prjttlpj bfsfevjavlbj. Gs prleilpgls sj

alstgbgs ajnj g sfnulr?

G jrqufstrgj bf ijkpjefetfs rfutlalzvfls bf sjctwgrf alkltgbg gtrgvs

bg pagtgcjrkg Aleux, pjstj quf utlalzg g alenugnfk Ymfaa Yirlptpgrg rfgalzgr

gs trgescjrkgfs fetrf js kjbfajs bf TLKpgrg TYK f TYK pgrg Iblnj

Cjetf8

G gpaligj rfstrltg gj kjbfaj bf igrgitfrstligs `gsfgbj fk KBG f

cueiljeg fspfilcligkfetf pgrg Tytmje ijk j crgkfwjrh Bogenj8

Ej cjl rfgalzgbj efemuk fstubj pgrg gvgalgr j prjttlpj bfsfevjavlbj,

efifssrlj rfgalzgr tfstfs bf pfrcjrkgeif f tfstfs cueiljegls gutjkgtlzgbjs

pgrg tfstgr j gukfetj bj ekfrj bf fetlbgbfs f gtrl`utjs bjs bjkeljs f j

evfa bf ijkpafxlbgbf bjs ktjbjs8

Ej cjl pjssvfa tgk`k vgalbgr js grtfcgtjs bf VKA bj kjbfajijkpjrtgkfetga gtrgvs bf blgnrgkgs bf gtlvlbgbfs, kquleg bf fstgbjs f

blgnrgkgs bf sfqueilg pjr fxfkpaj, efk gs rfstrlfs JIA gpaligbjs gjs

kjbfajs8

Ej cjl pjssvfa nfrgr ukg gpaligj fk Ymfaa Yirlpt`gsfgbg fk Letfrcgifs

Nrcligs kgls rligs, pjr fxfkpaj utlalzgebj j ijkpjefetf Blgajn, lstj

kfamjrgrlg g usg`lalbgbf bg gpaligj f prjvgvfakfetf g sug gbjj pgrg js

usurljs kfejs cgklalgrlzgbjs ijk j Ymfaa bj Aleux f ijkgebjs bgalenugnfk Tytmje f bj crgkfwjrh Bogenj.



744

>.2 Rrg`gamjs Cuturjs

Gj ajenj bj bfsfevjavlkfetj bfstf trg`gamj, ganukgs jpjrtuelbgbfs bf

kfamjrlg, tgetj bg g`jrbgnfk prjpjstg qugetj bj prjttlpj bfsfevjavlbj, cjrgk

bfstgigbgs. Gak blssj, ejvgs jpjrtuelbgbfs bf pfsqulsg cjrgk lbfetlcligbgs. Js

pjssvfls trg`gamjs cuturjs fevjavfk?

Gpaligj bj prjttlpj bfstg jrqufstrgj utlalzgebj j kjbfaj

ijkpjrtgkfetga fk gtlvlbgbfs bf kjeltjrgkfetj f gijkpgemgkfetj bjs

gtlvjs ijk rfstrlfs JIA gpaligbjs gj kjbfaj bj Blgnrgkg bf Iagssfs f

Blgnrgkgs bf Gtlvlbgbfs8

Tagefogkfetj f fxfiuj bf fstubjs bf gvgalgj kgls ijkpafxjs f

ijkpaftjs quf fevjavgk g g`jrbgnfk prjpjstg ijkj uk tjbj f g utlalzgj

bj prjttlpj fk jutrjs fstubjs bf igsjs f bjkeljs blcfrfetfs8

Pfprfsfetgj bjs grtfcgtjs `gsfgbjs fk sfrvljs, ijemfifebj sugs

bfpfebeilgs fk rfagj gjs kjbfajs bf ijkpjefetfs bf sjctwgrf ijk

VKA f sugs rfagfs gpaligbgs gj kjbfaj bf prjifssj bf efnilj ijk

@TKEf @TFA.

Gpaligj f ijestruj bj kjbfaj fspficlij bf pagtgcjrkg pgrg jutrgs

alenugnfes bj tlpj? Ogvg Tagtgcjrkg OFF, g alenugnfk Pu`y f j crgkfwjrh

Je Pglaas, fstf atlkj o sfebj tfstgbj fk pfqufejs prjttlpjs egs cgsfs bf

irlgj f fspfilcligj8

Letfnrgj bg g`jrbgnfk prjpjstg ijk tfiejajnlgs quf supjrtfk g

rfijeclnurgj bleklig bj kjbfaj, ijkj pjr fxfkpaj? JYNL (JYNLGAALGEIF, 044



747

Irlgj bf ejvjs ijkpjefetfs quf ngrgetgk g letfrjpfrg`lalbgbf gtrgvs

bf sfrvljs bj tlpj YJG/PFYR, vlsgebj gprjvfltgr gs trgescjrkgfs bf

ijkpjefetfs bg gpaligj fk sfrvljs quf pjbfrj sfr usgbjs pjr jutrgs

gpaligfs.

Kfamjrgr g Letfrcgif nrclig bg cfrrgkfetg f js rfiursjs bf ijeclnurgj f

nfrfeilgkfetj bg kfskg.

Gprlkjrgr j kfigelskj bf pgrsf ]KA, gpaligebj ejvgs rfnrgs bf

fxtfesl`lalbgbf `gsfgbgs ej KJC 0, vlsgebj ngrgetlr j usj fk jutrgs

pagtgcjrkgs blstletgs.



740

=. PFCFPEILGY @L@ALJNPCLIGY

GPNJVKA, 0470 Grnj VKA. 0470. Bjiukfets GrnjVKA. Blspjevfa fk?1mttp?//grnjuka.tlnrls.jrn/bjiukfetgtlje/5. atlkj gifssj?47/70/0470.

GEBP, 044< Gebr Klagel. "TjstnrfYWA nulg bj prjnrgkgbjr - `gihup,rfijvfry, YWA, jtlklzgj, sfnurgeg". Fbltjrg? Ejvgtfi.044



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BGSL K. @FG_AF\,0443=3=>403? Fb. Gbblsje-^fsafy. 0445. atlkj gifssj? 47/40/0446.

BOGENJ, 0479 Bogenj. 0479. Blspjevfa fk? 1mttp?//www.bogenjprjofit.ijk5.atlkj gifssj? 4>/47/0479.

BPFYBFE, 0479 Brfsbfe JIA Rjjahlt. 0479. Blspjevfa fk? 1mttp?//brfsbfe-jia.sjurifcjrnf.eft/5. atlkj gifssj? 42/47/0479.

FIALTYF, 0479 Fialpsf Trjofit. 0479. Blspjevfa fk?1mttp?//www.fialpsf.jrn/5. atlkj gifssj? 46/47/0479.

FIJPF, 0479 Fijrf. 0479. Blspjevfa fk?1mttp?//mfap.fialpsf.jrn/mfap99/lebfx.osp:tjpli;/jrn.fialpsf.fkc.bji/rfcfrfeifs/ogvgbji/jrn/fialpsf/fkc/fijrf/pgihgnf-sukkgry.mtka5. atlkj gifssj?06/42/0479.

FKC, 0479 Fialpsf Kjbfalen Crgkfwjrh. 0479. Blspjevfa fk?1mttp?//www.fialpsf.jrn/kjbfalen/fkc/5. atlkj gifssj?4>/4=/0479.

FKC, 0479G Rmf Fialpsf Kjbfalen Crgkfwjrh (FKC) Jvfrvlfw. Blspjevfafk? 1mttp?//mfap.fialpsf.jrn/ngeykfbf/lebfx.osp:tjpli;/jrn.fialpsf.fkc.bji/rfcfrfeifs/jvfrvlfw/FKC.mtka5. atlkjgifssj? 04/49/0479.

FKCS, 044< Rmf Fialpsf Kjbfalen Crgkfwjrh (FKC) Sgalbgtlje CrgkfwjrhJvfrvlfw. 044.

FPLHYYJE f ga,0449

Frlhssje, M. F., Tfehfr, K., Ayjes, @. Geb Cgbj, B. VKA 0Rjjahlt. ^lafy Ijkputfr Tuàlsmlen. 0449.

CJÂFP GEBYRGE^LIH, 0442

Cjwafr, Y. f Ytgewlih, S. ^f` Gppaligtlje BfslneMgeb`jjh? @fst Trgitlifs cjr ^f`-@gsfb Yjctwgrf.Kjrnge Hguckgee Tuàlsmfrs. 0442.



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CPGEHFA fTGPJBL, 0440

Cjwafr, Y. f Ytgewlih, S. ^f` Gppaligtlje BfslneMgeb`jjh? @fst Trgitlifs cjr ^f`-@gsfb Yjctwgrf.

Kjrnge Hguc

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