plano de recuperação semestral 1 apostila º semestre ... · 3 2 2 to 10 passive voice 3 2 15 to...

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016 Disciplina: INGLÊS Série/Ano: 2º ANO Professores: Ros / Irene / Abel Objetivo: Proporcionar ao aluno a oportunidade de resgatar os conteúdos trabalhados durante o 1º semestre nos quais apresentou defasagens e que servirão como pré-requisitos para os conteúdos a serem desenvolvidos no próximo semestre. Matéria a ser estudada (conteúdo): Apostila Volume Capítulo Págs Assunto 1 1 2 to 5 Possessive Case 1 2 7 to 9 Definite Articles 1 3 10 to 13 Articles 1 1 15 to 18 Some / Any/ No/ Compounds 2 1 3 to 9 Tag Questions 3 2 2 to 10 Passive Voice 3 2 15 to 17 Reported Speech Como estudar (estratégia): O aluno deverá refazer os exercícios dados em sala e realizar a lista de exercícios. Deverá, também, refazer as provas aplicadas como forma de rever o conteúdo de maneira prática e assistir as vídeoaulas dos assuntos indicados. Avaliação: O conteúdo descrito acima será avaliado por meio de: 1 PROVA com 10 (dez) questões dissertativas (valor: 8,0) 1 LISTA DE EXERCÍCIOS (valor: 2,0); Como e quando entregar a lista de exercícios: A lista de exercício deverá ser feita em folha de fichário e identificada com nome, número, série, matéria e professor. Deverá ser entregue para a orientadora da sua unidade até o dia 09/08/2016. LISTA DE EXERCÍCIOS PARA ENTREGAR

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Page 1: Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1 Apostila º Semestre ... · 3 2 2 to 10 Passive Voice 3 2 15 to 17 Reported Speech Como estudar (estratégia): O aluno deverá refazer os exercícios

Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

Disciplina: INGLÊS Série/Ano: 2º ANO

Professores: Ros / Irene / Abel Objetivo: Proporcionar ao aluno a oportunidade de resgatar os conteúdos trabalhados durante o 1º semestre nos quais apresentou defasagens e que servirão como pré-requisitos para os conteúdos a serem desenvolvidos no próximo semestre.

Matéria a ser estudada (conteúdo):

Apostila

VolumeCapítulo Págs Assunto

1 1 2 to 5 Possessive Case

1 2 7 to 9 Definite Articles

1 3 10 to 13 Articles

1 1 15 to 18

Some / Any/ No/

Compounds

2 1 3 to 9 Tag Questions

3 2 2 to 10 Passive Voice

3 2 15 to 17 Reported Speech

Como estudar (estratégia):

O aluno deverá refazer os exercícios dados em sala e realizar a lista de exercícios. Deverá, também, refazer as provas aplicadas como forma de rever o conteúdo de maneira prática e assistir as vídeoaulas dos assuntos indicados.

Avaliação:

O conteúdo descrito acima será avaliado por meio de:

1 PROVA com 10 (dez) questões dissertativas (valor: 8,0)

1 LISTA DE EXERCÍCIOS (valor: 2,0);

Como e quando entregar a lista de exercícios:

A lista de exercício deverá ser feita em folha de fichário e identificada com nome, número, série, matéria e professor.

Deverá ser entregue para a orientadora da sua unidade até o dia 09/08/2016.

LISTA DE EXERCÍCIOS PARA ENTREGAR

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

1. Write the correct form of the possessives into the gaps (apostrophe 's).

a) This is ……………………. book. (Peter)

b) Let's go to the ………………………….. (Smiths)

c) The …………………………….. room is upstairs. (children)

d) …………………. sister is twelve years old. (John) and …………………. school is old.

(Susan – Steve)

e) …………………………. shoes are on the second floor. (men)

f) My ……………………………….. car was not expensive. (parents)

g) …………………………. CD player is new. (Charles)

h) This is the ………………………………… bike. (boy)

i) These are the ……………………. pencils. (boys)

2. In some of these sentences, it would be more natural to use -'s or -'. Change the underlined parts where necessary. a Who is the owner of this restaurant? ……………………………..

b How old are the children of Chris? ……………………………..

c Is this the umbrella of your friend? ...........................................

d Write your name at the top of the page. ..........................................

e I've never met the daughter of Charles. ….......................................

f Have you met the son of Helen and Dan? ...........................................

g We don't know the cause of the problem. ..........................................

h Do we still have the newspaper of last Monday? .........................................

i I don't know the words of this song. .........................................

j What is the cost of a new computer? …………………….………..

k The friends of your children are here. ..........................................

3. Complete com o artigo adequado (the, a ou an), onde for necessário:

a) .....Pacific is .... world's biggest ocean.

b) What did you eat for .... breakfast this morning?

c) Henry plays .... piano as well as .... guitar.

d) Mr Silva is .... Catholic but he almost never goes to .... church.

e) I'm in .... hurry because I have to catch .... bus to go to .... work.

f) What .... delicious cake! Have .... piece!

g) Susan was in .... bed with .... fever, so she couldn't go to .... party.

h) Helen works as .... secretary for .... mutinational company.

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

i) What.... nice gardens! .... people who live in these houses must have .... good

taste.

j) .....price of .... gold is going up, but.... price of .... silver is going down.

k) .....life is not easy for .... people who earn .... minimum wage.

l) .....inflation is bad for everybody, but it's worse for .... poor than for .... rich.

m) I like coffee, but.... coffee they serve in .... our school cafeteria is terrible!

n) .....sun and .... water are necessary for .... flowers to grow.

o) .....air in this room is not good. Please, open .... windows!

4. Choose the correct definite or indefinite article: "the", "a", "an" or "x" (zero article).

a) I bought …….. pair of shoes.

b) I saw …….. movie last night.

c) They are staying at …….. hotel.

d) I think …….. man over there is very unfriendly.

e) I do not like …….. basketball.

f) That is …….. problem I told you about.

g) …….. night is quiet. Let's take a walk!

h) …….. price of gas keeps rising.

i) John traveled to …….. Mexico.

j) Juan is …….. Spanish.

k) I read …….. amazing story yesterday.

l) My brother does not eat …….. chicken.

m) …….. love is such …….. beautiful thing.

n) I live in …….. apartment. …….. apartment is new.

o) I would like …….. piece of cake.

5. Complete the sentences using SOMEONE / ANYONE / NO ONE / SOMETHING /

ANYTHING / NOTHING / SOMEWHERE / ANYHWHERE / NOWHERE / EVERYONE /

EVERYTHING / EVERYWHERE:

a) Do you have ……………………………. in your pocket?

b) Bob doesn’t have …………………………… in his pocket.

c) My roommate is speaking to ………………………… on the phone.

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

d) Ann didn’t tell ………………………. her secret.

e) I talked to ……………………… at the phone company about my bill.

f) Jane gave me ……………………….. for my birthday.

g) Paul didn’t give me …………………………. for my birthday.

h) Did Paul give you …………………………. for your birthday?

i) My brother is sitting at his desk, and he is writing a letter to ……………………… .

j) A: The room is empty.

B: You’re right. There is …………………………. to talk to here.

k) A: What did you do last night?

B: I didn’t do ……………………… .

l) They won’t go ……………………….. after dark.

m) A: Does ………………………… have a red pen?

B: Yes. Betty does.

n) If ……………………… wants to leave early, he or she can.

o) There is ……………………….. at the door. Can you go and see who it is?

6. Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box:

Woman : Hello. Can I speak to ……………. …… in the Accounts Office, please?

Man : I’m sorry, madam. It’s after 6:00. There isn’t ……………………. in the Accounts

Office now. …………………… has gone home.

Woman : But I must speak to …………………….. today.

Man : I’m sorry. There’s ……………………….. here. Can you phone back in the

morning? There will be ………………………. here then.

Mother : Would you like ………………………. to eat? Daughter : No, thanks. I don’t want …………………….. at the moment, thank you. Mother : But you’ve had …………………….. to eat all day. Is ………………….. all right? Are you feeling ill? Daughter : No. Don’t worry. ………………………. is fine. I’m just not hungry. That’s all.

somebody anybody nobody everybody

something anything nothing everything

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

7. Put a QUESTION TAG at the end of each sentence:

1. Tom won’t be late, ……………………………….... ?

2. They were very angry, …………………………….. ?

3. Ann’s on holiday, ………………………………….. ?

4. You weren’t listening, ………………………………?

5. Sue doesn’t like onions, …………………………….?

6. Jack’s applied for the job, …………………………..?

7. You’ve got a camera, ………………………………. ?

8. You can type, ………………………………………..?

9. He won’t mind if I go early, …………………………?

10. Tom could help you, ……………………………….. ?

11. There are a lot of people here, ……………………… ?

12. Let’s have dinner, ……………………………………?

13. This isn’t very interesting, ………………………….. ?

14. I’m too fat, ………………………………………….. ?

15. You wouldn’t tell anyone, ………………………….. ?

16. Listen, ………………………………………………..?

17. I shouldn’t have got angry, …………………………. ?

18. Don’t drop it, ……………………………………….. ?

19. They had to go home, ………………………………. ?

20. He’d never seen you before, …………………………?

8. Put a QUESTION TAG at the end of each sentence:

a) You don’t like this music, ……………………………. ?

b) Robert isn’t at work today, …………………………… ?

c) I’m too late, ……………………………………………?

d) You haven’t seen the newspaper, …………………….. ?

e) Lynne speaks French and German, ……………………?

f) They didn’t go to the concert, …………………………?

g) You’d like to have something to eat, ………………….?

h) We’re leaving tomorrow, …………………………….. ?

i) You couldn’t do me a favour, ………………………… ?

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

j) You don’t know where Sarah is, …………………….. .?

k) Switch on the light for me, …………………………… ?

l) Don’t forget to lock the door, ………………………… ?

m) Nobody was watching the TV, ……………………….. ?

n) Everyone will be here soon, ………………………….. ?

o) Nothing terrible has happened, ………………………. ?

p) There’s plenty of time, ……………………………….. ?

q) Pass me that magazine, ………………………………. ?

r) Let’s have a cup of tea, ………………………………. ?

s) It’s a good restaurant, ………………………………… ?

t) You haven’t seen my keys, …………………………… ?

9. Turn from ACTIVE into PASSIVE:

a) The gardener has planted some trees.

…………………………………………………………………………………...

b) Doctor Brown will give you some advice.

……………………………………………………………………………………

c) A famous designer will redecorate the hotel.

……………………………………………………………………………………

d) Steven Spielberg directed ―E.T.‖

……………………………………………………………………………………

e) Someone has broken the crystal vase.

……………………………………………………………………………………

f) His parents have brought him up to be polite.

……………………………………………………………………………………

g) Fleming discovered penicillin.

……………………………………………………………………………………

h) They will advertise the product on television.

……………………………………………………………………………………

i) Someone is remaking that film.

……………………………………………………………………………………

j) Picasso painted that picture.

……………………………………………………………………………………

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

10. Turn form ACTIVE into PASSIVE as in the example:

a) He gave me a present. 1. I was given a present. 2. A present was given to me.

b) The waiter will bring us the bill. 1. ………………………………………………………… 2. …………………………………………………………

c) The Queen presented him with a medal. 1. ………………………………………………………… 2. …………………………………………………………

d) Her mother bought Mary some sweets. 1. ………………………………………………………… 2. …………………………………………………………

e) Bob has sold Ted a second-hand car. 1. ………………………………………………………… 2. …………………………………………………………

f) Larry is going to send a letter to Tom. 1. ………………………………………………………… 2. …………………………………………………………

11. Rewrite the following passage in the PASSIVE: Some people saw a UFO in the sky above London last night. They reported it to the police.

The army sent a helicopter to look at it more closely. The UFO shot the helicopter down and

killed both men in it. People have given photographs of the UFO to the police. Experts are

looking at them now.

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

12. Rewrite the following passage in the PASSIVE:

Our school is organizing a contest. The teachers will choose the best project about the

environment. The students must include pictures and drawings in their projects. The students

will also have to do all the writing themselves. The school will give the winner a set of books.

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

13. Change the following sentences from DIRECT to INDIRECT SPEECH:

a) He said, “I will be here at noon.” ………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Mary said, ―The train will probably arrive on time.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

c) He said, ―I have to finish this report by five o’clock.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

d) The doctor said, ―Mr. Smith will improve quickly.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

e) William said to me, ―I am leaving in the morning.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

f) The teacher said, ―Everyone has to write a composition.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

g) John said, ―I saw that movie on Wednesday.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

h) Helen said, ―I have read that book.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

i) Mary said to John, ―I cannot go to the movie with you.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

j) John said, ―I have finished studying my lesson.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

k) Mary remarked, ―John speaks English well.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

l) William said to me, ―I will not see Mr. Jones until Tuesday.‖ ………………………………………………………………………………………..

m) Mr. Smith said, ―I will refuse their offer.‖ ……………………………………………………………………………………….

n) John said, ―I certainly hope it won’t rain tomorrow.‖ ……………………………………………………………………………………….

o) Henry said, ―I can meet them later.‖ ……………………………………………………………………………………….

14. REPORT the police-officer’s questions to the shop owner:

a) What’s your name?

……………………………………………………………………………………..

b) Did you see the robbers?

………………………………………………………………………………………

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

c) What were they wearing?

………………………………………………………………………………………

d) How do you think they got in?

………………………………………………………………………………………

e) What did they take?

………………………………………………………………………………………

f) Has this ever happened before?

………………………………………………………………………………………

15. Gavin has worked for Bisco Supermarkets for thirty years. He can still remember his job interview after leaving school and he can remember the questions that the interview asked him:

a) ―Why do you want the job?‖ She asked him ………………………………………………………………………….

b) ―How did you hear about it?‖ She asked him …………………………………………………………………………..

c) ―Are you fit?‖ She asked him …………………………………………………………………………..

d) ―Can you work on Saturdays?‖ She asked him …………………………………………………………………………..

e) ―How will you travel to work?‖ She asked him ………………………………………………………………………..

f) ―Have you got a bicycle?‖ She asked him ……………………………………………………………………..

g) ―How much do you expect to earn?‖ She asked him …..…………………………………………………………………..

h) ―When can you start?‖ She asked him ……………………………………………………………………..

16. Turn the following dialogue into REPORTED SPEECH:

a) ―Why do you want the job?‖ She asked him …………………………………………………………………………..

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

b) ―How did you hear about it?‖

She asked him ………………………………………………………………………….. c) ―Are you fit?‖

She asked him …………………………………………………………………………..

d) ―Can you work on Saturdays?‖ She asked him …………………………………………………………………………..

e) ―How will you travel to work?‖ …………………………………………………………………………………………..

f) ―Have you got a bicycle?‖ …………………………………………………………………………………………..

g) ―How much do you expect to earn?‖ …………………………………………………………………………………………..

h) ―When can you start?‖ …………………………………………………………………………………………..

17. Complete the second sentence with no l none or not….. any so that it has the same meaning as

the first one. a) There aren’t any good clothes shops in our town. There ..................... good clothes shops in our town. b) There aren’t any places left on the trip to Algeria. There......................................places left on the trip to Algeria. c) There are no nice people in the yoga class I go to. There......................................nice people in the yoga class I go to. d) Aren’t there any holidays available in New Zealand? ...............there ......................holidays left in New Zealand?

18. Tick the correct sentences and correct those with mistakes in them.

a) ( ) Nothing exciting happened last night.

b) ( ) Did you buy something of good to eat?

c) ( ) Nothing of value was found at the site.

d) ( ) Nobody of famous came to the opening.

e) ( ) Not anyone turned up on time.

f) ( ) I didn’t find anybody nice in the hotel.

g) ( ) No one witnessed the robbery.

h) ( ) Nothing of unusual was seen there.

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

19. Fill in the gaps with somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, nothing, somewhere,

anywhere or nowhere.

a. I know __________ about this issue that you may find interesting, but if I tell you, you

must promise to keep it (a) secret.

b. __________ lives here. There is no water.

c. I spent the night __________ near the beach.

d. __________ could have jumped over this wall, and stole your rake. It's very low.

e. __________ scares him. He's very brave.

f. There is __________ to park here. Let's go __________ else to park.

g. Would you like __________ to wash your hands?.

h. May I have __________ for dessert, please?

i. They took him __________ in London, and he never returned.

j. Please don't leave __________ behind at home. We'll be away for a fortnight.

20. Choose the correct alternative. 01. Don’t tell _____ lies to me; you cannot deceive me any longer.

a) some b) no c) none d) no one e) any 02. She didn’t have ________ mistakes in her paper. a) some b) any c) no d) no one e) none 03. Are there ________ books for me today? No, there are not ______ books for you today. a) any – any b) some – some c) any - some d) anyone – some e) something - no

READING TEXTS

Leia os textos abaixo para responder em português às questões a seguir.

Text: "Martin Luther King, Jr.'

Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in 1929. He was killed in 1968. His life was short, but he made a big

difference in American society, King was an excellent speaker and organizer, He taught people to use

non-violent ways to make changes in laws and customs.

In the South, only forty years ago, there were separate schools for white and black children. Black

people sat in the backs of buses, while white people sat in the front. There were separate railway cars

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

for blacks and whites. In movie theaters, black people sat upstairs, and white people sat downstairs.

There were separate waiting rooms, separate bathrooms, and separate water fountains. College, motels,

restaurants, amusement parks, and swimming pools were closed to blacks. This system was called

segregation. Segregation was the law in most southern states. Black people could not vote in those

states, so they could not change the laws.

In addition, there was discrimination in almost all states. Most well-paying jobs and careers were

closed to black people. Black people could not easily rent or buy a home in white communities.

On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, a black woman, Rosa Parks, would not give her

seat on a bus to a white passenger. She was arrested by the police. The black people in Montgomery

were angry. They decided not to ride in segregated buses. Martin Luther King, Jr. organized a bus

boycott. This was the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement. The bus boycott was successful. One year

later, buses were integrated. People could sit where they wanted.

In 1959, Martin Luther King, Jr. visited India. He wanted to learn more about non-violent ways to make

social changes. He studied the methods of Mohandas Gandhi.

In May, 1963, King organized a march for voting rights in Birmingham, Alabama. Many people,

including children and teenagers, marched peacefully and sang songs. The chief of police in Birmingham

wanted to stop the marchers. He ordered his men to use water hoses from the fire trucks. The police

blasted marchers off the street with water under high pressure. The police brought out large dogs that

attacked the marchers. Martin Luther King, Jr. was arrested and put in jail.

All over America, people watched these actions on their televisions. Americans were shocked. Many

white Americans began to support the fight for civil rights.

In 1963, King organized a march on Washington, D.C. Two hundred fifty thousand people came. King

spoke to the crowd. He told of his dream of equality and justice. It was one of the most famous speeches

ever made in America. Because of Dr. King's work, Congress finally passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

This law prohibited segregation in public buses, hotels, restaurants and other places. It prohibited

discrimination in education and employment.

For this work, Dr. King received the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize.

In 1965, Congress passed the Voting Rights Act. This stopped the unfair rules that kept black people

from voting. King was assassinated on April 4,1968. James Earl Ray, an escaped prisoner, confessed

that he had shot Martin Luther King. Three days later, Ray said he had not shot King.

Ray did not have a trial. He was put in jail for 99 years. Many people have asked for a trial. They want

to find out what really happened. Now Ray is dying. Americans may never know who killed Martin Luther

King, Jr. They may never know why.

(Vocabulary: crowd=lots of people/ trial= the judgment of a matter/ blast off= to make move with force/

jail= a place where criminals are kept)

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

1. Como era o problema do racismo no sul dos E. U. A. 40 anos atrás?

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

2. Quem foi Rosa Parks?

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

3. Qual era a estratégia de luta de Martin Luther King?

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

4. Por que Martin Luther King ganhou o Prêmio Nobel da Paz?

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

CYBER DJ

If you just use your computer for serious things, you will get sore eyes and tied hands. If I

were you, I would take some preventive measures against that, like visiting a useless site or two

on the WWW to expand your horizons. Stop working, but your feet up a few minutes and check

out one of the best time wasters on the net.

I am not asking you to watch the truly silliest things they but in the net, like all time live

picture of the parking lot of America Online’s officers. Imagine, people give themselves the

trouble of connecting to that site just to check how many cars are at the parking lot at that

particular time. Or the famous coffeepot at Cambridge University. Cambridge computer freaks

enter the site just to check if there is coffee left on the pot, so they can have a cup when they

stop working for a bio-break.

Now, listening to some of your favorite music can have a tremendously relaxing effect.

Unfortunately, even your favorite radio station doesn’t always play songs you like. Had the

radio station made a special programming for each of us, there wouldn’t be as many radio

stations as persons. So, some enterprising folks on the Internet have decided that the WWW

can do better. At TheDJ site you can get free commercial music that you choose. You can tune

into a particular station for 70’s hits, college grunge, blues, folk, heavy metal, or Christian rock.

And if that doesn’t satisfy you, you can create your own playlist using some special software

from TheDJ, playing disc jockey online. This way, you’ll never have to wait for your favorite

song. You’ve done the programming yourself!

(Vocabulary: sore = inflamação / freak = fã / college grunge = rock alternativo)

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

5. Como você pode criar sua própria programação de música?

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

6. O que o site TheDJ da Internet oferece aos seus visitantes?

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

7. Um exemplo de oração condicional indicando situação provável.Traduza a oração que você

retirou do texto.

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

8. Um exemplo de oração condicional indicando situação improvável, imaginária. Traduza a

oração que você retirou do texto.

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___________________________________________________________________________________

Text: Endless Winter

The Tambura, which is in the Philippines, erupted in 1815 creating a cloud of dust that

blanketed more than half of the earth’s sky for over a year. The eruption hurled between 50 to

100 cubic miles of soil, minerals, and soot into the air. This fantastic amount of material is

equivalent to removing 2 feet from the entire surface of Texas.

The effects of that catastrophe were felt thousands of miles away. In New England, for

example, it snowed in June, and frost killed crops in July, August, and September. During that

winter, many sheep, which are usually shorn in the warmer months, died because of freezing

temperatures. Thousands of migrating birds lost their way and many were killed by the snow.

Between the spring of 1816 and the spring of 1817 part of the world seemed to be locked

in perpetual winter. There was no summer in the northern hemisphere. As a result, the polar

cap grew, glaciers advanced and the sea level dropped. Those were the coldest months ever

recorded by men.

(Helping vocabulary: frost = geada / shear = tosquiar / soot = fuligem)

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9. O que aconteceu em Nova Inglaterra depois da erupção do vulcão Tambura?

___________________________________________________________________________________

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10. Por que os carneiros morreram?

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UNIVERSITY DAYS

I passed all the other courses that I took at my university, but I could never pass

botany. This was because all botany students had to spend several hours a week in a

laboratory looking through a microscope at plant cells, and I could never see through a

microscope. I never once saw a cell through a microscope. This used to enrage my instructor.

He would wander around the laboratory pleased with the progress all the students were making

in drawing the involved and, so I am told, interesting structure of flower cells, until he came to

me. I would just be standing there. ―I can’t see anything‖, I would say. He would begin patiently

enough, explaining how anybody can see through a microscope, but he would always end up in

a fury, claiming that I could too see through a microscope but just pretended that I couldn’t. ―It

takes away from the beauty of flowers‖, I used to tell him.

11. O que os alunos de botânica observavam através do microscópio? ___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

12. Por que o autor nunca passou em um curso de botânica? ___________________________________________________________________________________

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GENETICS

Many attempts have been made throughout history to explain the similarity between parents

and children.

People thought, for instance, that the substance responsible for heredity carne from both

parents and were mixed together in the child. Based on this idea, it was said that the children’s

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

characteristics came from a mixture of the parents' blood. Traces of such conception are found

in our still current expressions "royal blood" or "bloodline". Another theory suggested the

existence of a miniature copy of the father in his reproductive cells... But this is all passed and

gone. We know, today, that heredity is carried by the genes, which are chromosome sectors

transmitted from parents to children.

The basic laws of heredity are studied by Genetics. These laws were stated by Augustinian

monk Gregor Jonathan Mendel (1822-1884), in a monastery in the city of Brünn, Austria (now a

Czechoslovakian territory).

Mendel used peas in his experiments because they could be easily observed. He cross-

pollinated round peas with wrinkled peas. As a result, two thirds of the peas had pods

containing both round and wrinkled peas. Mendel explained that the pollen grains of the peas

had "factors that produced character" — the genes. Today we know that these factors are

located in the nuclei of the pollen and of the ovule. When fertilization occurs, the genes carried

by the male nucleus are combined with those carried by the female nucleus, so that the new

plant inherits half of its genes from each parent.

A report of his research was published in 1866, but remained unknown. It was only 34 years

after publication, in 1900, that his work was "rediscovered" and fully understood by three

scientists who worked separately: De Vries in Holland, Correns in Germany, and Tchermak in

Austria.

It became evident that the Mendelian laws are important and effective for all organisms,

including man, That is why Mendel is known as the "Father of Genetics".

13. O que Mendel usou em suas experiências? Por que?

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14. Qual foi o resultado de suas pesquisas?

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Uma ONG (Organização Não-Governamental) norte-americana publicou o anúncio abaixo no

The New York Times, meses antes de os Estados Unidos declararem guerra ao Iraque em março

de 2003.

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Plano de Recuperação Semestral 1º Semestre 2016

Today it's a petition. Tomorrow it could be a body count.

Last month, an MIT neuroscientist posted an open Internet letter to her academic

colleagues, opposing the Bush Administration's rush to war in Iraq.

Today, completely by word of mouth, 13,000 other professors have added their names in a

spontaneous outpouring of dissent.

Who are they? They come from every academic discipline and from all fifty states. Some are

Nobel Prize winners and members of the National Academy of Sciences. Others may teach at

your local community college.*

What unites them is the belief that war must be a last resort.

Attacking Iraq will fuel anti-American sentiment worldwide, increasing the chance of future terror

attacks on our country. And even the CIA says an invasion will raise, not lower, the risk that

Saddam Hussein will use weapons of mass destruction.

Millions of intelligent, patriotic Americans question the wisdom of the Bush Administration's

bellicose policies. This widespread public opposition is perhaps our best chance to prevent

an unwise and unnecessary war.

Otherwise, the number above could soon represent a body count, rather than signatures on

a petition.

To read or sign the petition, www.NoIraqAttack.org

For free email updates on Iraq, No Iraq Attack, Box 53, Woods Hole, MA02543

*More than *15,000 students and staff have also signed the petition.

15. Por que o anúncio menciona uma cientista do Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)?

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16. Segundo o texto, quais seriam as consequências de um então possível ataque ao Iraque?

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17. O texto descreve um acidente aéreo. Onde ocorreu esse acidente e o que aparentemente o

provocou?

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

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18. O que aconteceu com o avião depois que ele foi atingido? O que sabemos sobre os dois

homens que estavam na aeronave?

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THE TIMES OF ÍNDIA — Sunday, October 26,2003.

Wedding party shoots plane down

BELGRADE: A two-seater sports plane on an unauthorized joyride was apparently shot down by

mistake when it flew over a Serbian wedding party where guests were firing guns into the air, local

media have reported.

Two men were reported to have sustained serious injuries when their aircraft burst into flames and

crashed near Kraljevo, central Serbia.

"I heard shots from a wedding party which was very close to the crash site. Then I saw the plane in

flames. It was shot in the left wing," witness Zoran Vukadinovic told reporters on Sunday.

"A few moments later, while attempting a crash landing, it hit overhead power cables," he said.

Local media said neither of the men held a pilot’s license.

Firing guns into the air at weddings and other celebrations is common in Serbia

19. O texto descreve um acidente aéreo. Onde ocorreu esse acidente e o que aparentemente o

provocou?

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___________________________________________________________________________________

20. O que aconteceu com o avião depois que ele foi atingido? O que sabemos sobre os dois

homens que estavam na aeronave?

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