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: . - . : . , - :e;!€as rrFasuring one d.egreo of l ati.tude by onb d.ogree of longitud.e.Unfortuaately, l ongitud.e llJ"3 Gi.vides the Cape fnscriptioo, areainto blocks 5l+ a.nd. 55 and fishernen cross back and forth operati::gto the west and to the east of the llne at randon.o It is thereforei-npossible for a fjshernan to speoify the weight of snappor actuallycaught in each block" As a result, it has boen found. rFcessary toconbj_Ile blocks ft aDd. 55 and refer to thero as the Cape Inscriptionarea. In additiob, a few fishernen hat'e r€gistered. blocL 58 as the,.fishihg area but when questibned have shonn tha{ thoy were not r'operati::g so far vresto fhe figures for blook 58 ha\€, tlreroforo,been grouped ,;rith block 57 and ca11ed the Koks Island. aroa"
Snapper oxist in large quan'.;itie s lvithin Shark Bay proper,but the loundLge ;aken by professional fisherrnen is small c omparedv{ith. the StateJ s tota\ (t$ in L959) and., i.ln addj;tion, the fi"sherrcnworking thqro reside at either Shark Bay or Carnaffoao Block j!cover$ a IOr6o portion of the Bay but tbe D joxity. of the saappertaken fron this area are cau ght d-uri ng the season at Cape Inscriptio::(ug/" in 1959) "
. Although the arca over ivhich snappor nay be caught islargo, the specific patches are smaJ.l and it is possible for afisherman to catch snapper in quantity on a lnrticuJar patch whileanotlre r fishernan close by catchos very little" As a result, theeffl.ciency of a fisherman la,.rgeLy d.epend.s upoll hj-s abiLif tol"ocats the various patche s nri';hi-r. the fishjrg area.
(t) Operators
The majority of the vcssel-s operatin6 duri ng the snapporsoason are lbeezer boats fron 3re nantle and. dr)ri ng the 1!60 seasonthey numbe rod. l-9" Two Lcs-boats, two froezer boats and. eightcatchsr-boats operato d. from Gerald-ton.
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fn lato lt{ay or early Juno snapper school j:n the variousareas d-e s oi.-ibo d. above. fhs ovari-es ar€ in ripening concii-ti-on andthe fish ovid.ently sch.:oling preparatory to spawni-ng. Tt is thisstook on vrhich iho fishery operateso The boats move jxto the arcaduring the first lvoeks of June and., deponding uporl the suioess ofthe season, renain thoro until lato Augr-r t. This fis!:ezy, operatirgon sohooling fish, is distinct from fhe snall fishery. with:in theBay wl::ich oontirruos. duning the r,vhol o of'the year on v"irtuallyre sident stockso
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Fig. 2. Plan and side view of snapper t rap used in Western Austral ia.
(af ter "Fisher ies Newsletter")
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a shipl s 1og and thus obt a;in very valuable inforrnation with rregard_ tofish:lng d.ates and the nunber of fi-sh ca ught on each d.ay. tr'rom suchlnforrnation it rnay be d.ofinitety stated that at l-east one vessel wason the fishin€ Eround s on June .1 ald. by the end. of the first woek ofJune there were throe others. By rniddune nost of the boats wero Onthe gror,,nds.
3y the end of JuIy all the boats had vacated the Capo.Inscription ar€a, al-though five stiLl renained. at Koks tsland.
.These vessols fished. crurin6 August and thon re turned. to port.
(l) cqlph-pr dat
lhere were 2] freezer-boats fishing for snapper duringthe season, and they ca u6ht B{S of tho total catch. ttre se boatJ.thorefore, oonstj-tuted. the ncst irnportant section of the snapperfleet. Ao cr:,r'ate irifornation on actual fishins t ine was obtai-ned_ ;fron ten of thess vessclsr and. it is reasonabie to assurne that thjsinformation is ropresentativo of the fleet. The catch-per-day datais set out in Table 2 and. it is cloar that the vessels on thefi-shing grounds during the first tlvo weoks of June ob tained. sonoexcollent oatcho s.
rable.?
Catch-per*day Data for Cape Inscri-ption and- Koks fsland Areas.
' r o(n
MoDth
Cape Inscription area Koks Isl and. area
Catoh perd.ay per
boat
No. ofYessels
concerned.
Catoh per
boat
No. ofv e s s e l s
ooncerned-
Juns 1-15J uns l-b-ruJuly
lb .
5r2ffi1, JoO1, JOO
t11
J, oo02r loorr Soo
892
t695
Tho catoh-per*day data agree with the general comnents of thefishermen, viz., that thoso fishsmen who wero on eithor of the tworoajor grouad s earl-y in ths season obtained good. catches but that laterthe fishing in the Cape Insoription area vras vely poox. fn fact' ofthe 19 Frenantle vessels, t/ caught the najor portion of their catch inths Koks fs3- and. area, incl uding tho western sid.e of Bern:ier fsland.
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Xength-fre quoncie s of fish measured. at Quoil Head, SurfOutcr Bar are 6iven in Tcblcs \ and' l.
!e&]e-,LLength and. IVe ight Frequenoies of Snapper
C aught by linc at Qaoin Head, l+.8.60.
Foint and
tength and '$Iei6ht
at Surf Poi-nt
I \FA ^ i r .ah^ i Ae n f Srnnnar . .
D^- r . Q r oAnD r L t . + . v . L J v v
Cau6ht by trineto 5.8.1960
llI
Total- length Tre quoncy Total Weight Ir€ quoncy
i.rlllr
I O
18
202L22t z
2+2 6
26
It32
1t24B16
1
'l l^
I2j
466
561576
Total 31 Totaf
l[ean 2O,7 irt l,lean 4 .5 r b .
Standard.Deviation
Stand.ard.Deviation 1 . 7 l b .
! w u d r ! E 1 1 6 u r r Frequency Total Weight F1€ que ncy
I O
1 -7
rB' t q
202L22
u2 q
26
28
359
t063321
lb .Jl+561B9
t0
11
ll_t f5
I It2
Total 43 Total t+3
Moan 23 iJ,. lioan b . t r D .
Stand.ardDeviation
StandardDevi-etion 1 . b t D .
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q oTq"I
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ILo.
iuh&-7
Snapper Caught by Trap and.Area, 2J,5.6A to 21.8.60
'[!-eight Fre quoncies of
.L ane at- Ko_i{s -LsI ano.
TiholoWe ight Tratrrpod Fish tri:ro-o aught tr'ish
1b
1o
34567B9
101 I
14
I O
17
1aL
10t2u27
t-o
t 2422
+
6
1 q
2l2r
zo
22tI
i'I
Totaf l q A 206
Mean O . Y I o e b .4 -Lb .
StandardDeviation
2,9 rb ' J .O 1b .
(.) @cthor
Consistent w:ilds fron the south-east were experionced. d'uringJune, July and. .A,ugr:st. According to tho fishennen there vras more j-:o-
cLenent weather than i-n previous years and. so uth-easterLy vri:td.s blewfor d.ays on ond.. I-s the Turtle Bay ancl:orage ig suitable onJ"y whontho we atlre r is fron the south-n"est to s outh-south-eastr it was d'i-:Ffi-cult to work the Cape fnsoription ar€4. It may have been partly forthj-s reason that there were so few boats working that 6round.
Y . TXAF-I'ISIII\G
There is no general agreoroent amongst fishernren and. otfrers
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not arise on the recognjs ed- rtseasonalrr ground-s es af1 the fish takenarc well cbovc chc :r,ini;.-*ro lcgc.l sizc (Scction fVc).
/ , . . \ *(ii i) DIIrB:jr -h{jl3t. - The traps crc dropped. on thevarious patchcs encl pullcd to the surface a.borlt every 15 rcinutes.They often have pieces of coral attached to tho vri-re neshes andthere is no doubt that the habitat suffers sone d.anage. Hor.uover,' i t i s i m n n s s i h l r r : o r r r r ' . - r - ^ ^ - - r ^ - ! a r i * < o . y ' n a +uf L q udlr r r6v
on th<: . snapper pop,u1.rtion" It r:rust be remenbered- tha.t meiny roethodsof f i sh in5 r l tcr tLe sLJ ' r ccr i l - so i ,c i la f f -cro
(i") _c.q!i4sSg__!::!*S__!X_L9!_!_UUg - It is conroon fora trap to beconc snagged- on the r.ocks and be lcst to the fisherrnan.
. - . ^ ^ ^ ^ " + . i - , . - . - ^ . . . ! _ r . . , . i 1 h r q o . l f _ h r i t i r . r cLI Lp5 i ju L LIr lUrJ !U -L _L5l . l
nechanisn and ]:ence dsst?^:r f i <h r]lhn,,oh ihn n3sy1 of |t lancelinrt- n r r r d r h . + , i ^ h " , ^ ^ - " ' " 1 ; ; ' l ^ : : ; : ; " " ; r i n " ^ I " . , " . - u u - . ^ " H ^ u , ^ a , ^ ru \ . L L - P : L u r , r - L r r u r & J r
the sn-rppcr crught drrrj.:; thc scr:on .rrc those rvhich h:ve schoolod.p i ' ior to sp l : /n inq; -ch. : s 'ason I ' .5 ts :or e.bout thrcc uon' rhs only ,and then the fish clisperse. If traps are lost and continue tod ^ c r r ^ - , f - r . l | r h , i - . 4 r . r l ' - . . F ; a l - j n F * ; n . : n q " C O n C e n t r a t . ; d - S C h O O I
of fish would be until the end of the schooling season only. fn. , l n i l j ^ - i r - - - - L - - - , - r . 1 , : . - r t ! " ^ t ^ ^ + . t - 6 ^ ^ ^ . t - ^ r " ^ ' t : ^ - ^ ; 1 r - : + i ^ - ^ 1ruv f ' r w ' r ,
_ !L r ! . r . J uu .L u j ru l ( r5 r L f r ,p5 i j r l l r l J -LJ , t !LU J , rL - tuuL u . l o l . la -L
predator (of v,,hich therc ero mrny) to thc fish population. A further. ^ J | , . . i _ r r . , - r r j _ - l h l : . t ^ q r i
+ r a b n n m n i n eu r r J r s 1 l o L l t u - L L r l r u v u - - _ - - - _
before ib eithe r rusts ancl ceasss to be a trap or b corps encrusted_fl:Lth coral" fnfornation is not ava.il:Lbf e on theso aspootso
(-.) 9i"r-!9g H* - Fish rjaudht in traps are oftcn bruisedon thc napc and snoub" 1-n rddiL ion, j1 , is cominon for body scalcs tobc r,rissi-ng anct af'ter thc fish hrvc been frozen and thawed, these scaled.; l n o . r s s h . | : r r r n r e h r . r r i q r q T f ^ { - - ^ - r n a i ^ 1 , , . i - ^ l . n a i n n i ^ a i r . + n . , i: l r } , e u I L r r { r r } _ r d u v uof bc i -ng f rozcn, thc br ' . is )d - rca I .cco.cs not iccrb le vcry ruch morcquicl,,l-y and thus ii is ve:-i difficult for rr ico-boat to usc traps.Duaing- i\e 1!6O sc-:or,, .-. i,.c*bo.rt did trsc ihis mcthod of fishjngtut thg,,crcw;LL.l-lci 1;ilcir rl,i i.!n s rogul:trly cvcr"/ 10 to l-5 ninutes amdhcnc. . i 'o id- : - - : . i : i , Lr - : : i . lg . f t . :p : ro ; . r , 1 ,1 : r - - for r , t ) " r t bzr i ; ingrcally becci:rcs a p,:,,!.,,:r oliy :if thc -Lrr,ps q'rc lp ft in the watcr forl-ong pe:.iod.s of -;ine .
vI.;::AIE!us!ISU.
fhere arc tvro n:rin points to be consid-crcd. Firstly, wasthc 1950 sc lson n f l i turc end, , 'ccond. ly , wh . t ere thc possi t lo fu tureef1'ects of trap-.fi shing?
The 1960 Sha rir Bay snapper sceson produc ed, Trt+68r215 Lb.of snapp:r, wh-ich is Lhc srcond irighc st crtoh on r..:cord. Thisfi-gure i-s B@ of thc record. catch tekon in 1959 and cxccod.s thc
, , / - ^ - - \ \ - . - Jbcst hand-L i-nc catch \1955 ) Ly JV'". The 1956 production rrrs
asz-ng/v/naaze (,,sadEdlaoN v.,\^,, rs6!nor sorotd)
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por.r.cu€xo oJor',^. Jadclcus Jo spoJ?unr{ l{rreu ,uor1-,;3r+ s o,ru-! oq+ Jo es.moc or{+8u-rJrnp 'uotlrppe u1 'ouTI dq 1q?ncc osoqr u€q+ JoSJe f scr,r Fulddr:;r1
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uor+ceTTo3 oq1 o1 uolrS cq pfLtolrs uor:r1 Ja?rsrroc q8noqlp .1oao1 q8rq.(TsnoJo:ruEp -d o+ asTJ o1 ?urqst;: lq ,{11p1;rour asncr pfnon .f1rsue1u1
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. 3u1qst;-dc.l 1 .lo s+coJJo orn+nJelqgssod oq+ sr ?aJopTsuoc eq o+ uor+sonb ?uocos. oqf,l
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uooq p€q ,redcleus ,;:o spunod uoTITru It" I o'-rT + +Eql1 ul 1nc1 ._,f1ng ;o puoeq1 -rfq spuno;:, oq+ +JaI peq s+!oq oq:I Jo I.s.Jul lur +ror{s s€_r1 uosces
€q+ +€q+ oru+ sT +J ' oJnf!€J € ser'1 uos€os 096T oq+ 1eq1 lso88ns o1oTq€uos?a.Irm sT +-t sJ€e,{ snor,l.o,ld uT ec"Id uo{c+ scq uoT+en+cnlJ Jood-{+ sTr{} ieqq o3pol,noul oq+ q+Td quourei{srJ orl+ o+ oTqcTTE^€ qsrJ
Jo Jo qunu aq+ uT osraJcop c scrlr oJor{+ }€r{+ ounssc o+ cTq"uos"oJ oJoJ-or oq+ sT 11 puc t696t pue LE6I Suz.rnp SuwsrJ s+coq .j[o roqurrlu or{+ ur
TfeJ +u€crJ+u3ts c .uo qq +ou op scr+sT+€+s te+uori+reclop oq;, "(l. oIqEI.), e:2n31,; 666T oLI+ Jo Jrfcq-ouo +noqc o+ pos"orcop uollcnpo,rd $upro11oj
dlolerpour; s.:ee.( o-u4 .[{+ Jo qo"o uT +nq Eq6T sc o{rr€s oq1 -{loleurtxo:ddl
a4'
Tho snapper habitat is d aroaged. by the traps and. anchoichaLns as invariably pigces of coral- are adho r{-ng to them whenpu1led to ttre surfaco o However, it is inpossible to assess theextent of this d.anage or the effect on the school"ing snapper. Ithas been suggestod. that, as a resu-l-t of tho damage, the snapperw:il1 not schooL on their o1d patches and that the fishi_rig wi}ldoteriorate as a consequence. Tho extremoly poor production intho Cape fnscription area durin6 the f960 season has beon citod-as an e)canple of ths result of trap-fi shi-lg. However, 0.68nil"lion pounds of snapper vrere caught in the Koks IsI and. areain 1959, nai:r.ly by traps, and in 1950 producti.on v,ras aLmostd.oubled.' ft is difficul-t, thcrefore, to erpl a-in tho variousfluctuations vrhich occur, but it is d.oubtful- whethe r we havesufficient information avai-l ab1e to postulate that the habitatd.anage vrill realJ-y cause the fish to avold thsir favouriteschooLin€ patches "
Tho function of the Dopartment is to nanage thevarious fisheries to onsure a stable or expand.ing industry.As the efficiency of fis b-ing rrethods imnroves, it ts undoubt-edly tho Departnentt s duty to consi.d.er the new techn:iques and.their possible effoct on the fisheryo However, noro officientmethods, with resultant i:rcreased. catches, are ecomomi-calIy ofgr€ at importanco to the fishe rmon, and the Departnent nust be inpossession of sound. evid-ence before inproved. techn:ique s are banned..
SulTicient cvid.once is not available to support tho generalbaruring of snapper traps as a fidring technique, Holvever, it isreconnended. that tho collocti-on of statistical data zelating totho snappor season be intensified " length-fre quency data, noreprecise catch-por-effo rt and area d.ata, as well- as total prod.uction,should be obtaj-ned. This information wouLd allow periodi-c appruisalsfron a statistical viev,point, although biological knowl ed"ge wouldstill be lackilg. To prevcnt tho d.estruction of borderline snapper,i.o., fish at jLxt ahout thc lcgaI ninirnum length, it is fur"therro conmended that the use of traps be banned. to the east of DirkHartog fsland.. The bound arie s suggested" are tho eastern shorelinoof Dirk Hartog fslcnd. fronn Sr..rrf Point to Capc leviJ-Iain, a Iinefrom Cape l,evjLlain to Greenough Point on the mainland., the rnain-Iald shq eline f rora Greenough Point to Steep Point (South Passage)and" a line from Steop Point to Surf Point. Tho bound.arios encompassall the wators of Shark 3ay south of. a line d.rawn frorL Capelev-il-lain to Groonough Point (Fig. l).
'I . Th6 1960 sn€Lppor scason l,ra5 not a fail"uro "
'trs9l{,to Hcwfiso€(uonog.X'g)
'sclcal ,.roddeus Jo osn oq+ o+ posoTc aq+uTod r{FnouoaJi o+ uT€TTT.ao1 ode3 uroJJ uM€Jp ouTT € Jo
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