marilyn monroe trabalho de inglês

8/14/2019 Marilyn Monroe Trabalho de Ingls

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Norma JeanMortenson

(Marilyn Monroe)

Catarina Cuia n6

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Name: Norma Jean Mortenson

Occupation : actress, model, singer,comedian, film producer.

Years of life: 19471962

Spouse(s): James Dougherty

Joe DiMaggioArthur Miller


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Marilyn Monroe, was an American actress, singer, model and film producer.After spending much of her childhood in foster homes, Monroe began a career as a model, which led toa film contract in 1946. Her early roles were minor, but her performances in The Asphalt Jungle andAll

About Eve (both 1950) were well received, and as her career progressed she became known as a sexsymbol. She was praised for her comedic ability in such films as Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, How toMarry a Millionaire and The Seven Year Itch, and became one of Hollywood's most popular performers.

The typecasting of Monroe's "dumb blonde" persona limited her career prospects, and she broadenedher range. Her marriage to baseball player Joe DiMaggio failed.

While married to playwright Arthur Miller, she studied at the Actors Studioand formed Marilyn Monroe Productions. Her dramatic performance inWilliam Inge's Bus Stop was hailed by critics, and she won a Golden GlobeAward for her performance in Some Like it Hot.

The final years of Monroe's life were marked by illness, personal problemsand a reputation for being unreliable and difficult to work with. Thecircumstances of her death, from an overdose of barbiturates, have been thesubject of conjecture. Though officially classified as a "probable suicide", thepossibility of an accidental overdose has not been ruled out, while conspiracy

theorists argue that she was murdered.

Marylin Monroe


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Family

Monroe was born in the Los Angeles County Hospital.

Monroe's birth certificate names the father as Edward Mortensen, a Norwegian, with hisresidence stated as "unknown", Gladys Monroe had married a Martin E. Mortensen in 1924,but they had separated before Gladys' pregnancy.She said that when she was a child, she had been shown a photograph of a man that GladysMonroe identified as her father.


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While Dougherty was in the Merchant Marine duringWorld War II, Monroe moved in with her mother-in-law,and found employment in the Radioplane MunitionsFactory. She sprayed airplane parts with fire retardantand inspected parachutes. During this time, Armyphotographer David Conover snapped a photograph ofher for a Yank magazine article. He encouraged her toapply to The Blue Book modeling agency. She signed withthe agency and began researching the work of JeanHarlow and Lana Turner. She enrolled in drama andsinging classes and had her hair cut, straightened andlightened to golden blonde.

Norma Jeane Dougherty became one of Blue Book's mostsuccessful models, appearing on dozens of magazinecovers. In 1946, she came to the attention of Ben Lyon, a20th Century Fox executive, who arranged a screen testfor her. Lyon was impressed and commented, "It's JeanHarlow all over again". She was offered a standard six-month contract with a starting salary of $125 per week.It was agreed that she would change her name. Lyon toldher that she reminded him of the actress Marilyn Miller

and she took her grandmother's name of Monroe as hersurname.She appeared in Scudda Hoo! Scudda Hay! andDangerous Years (both 1947), but when her contract wasnot renewed, she returned to modeling. She attempted tofind opportunities for film work, and while unemployedshe posed for nude photographs.In 1948 Monroe signed a six-month contract withColumbia Pictures, and was introduced to the studio'shead drama coach, Natasha Lytess, who became her

acting coach for several years.She starred in the low-budget musical, Ladies of the Chorus, but the film was not


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Love Happy brought Monroe to the attention of the agent, Johnny Hyde, who agreed to represent her.He arranged for her to audition for John Huston, who cast her in the drama The Asphalt Jungle, as theyoung mistress of an aging criminal. Her performance brought strong reviews,and was seen by thewriter and director, Herman Mankiewicz. He accepted Hyde's suggestion of Monroe for a small comedicrole in All About Eve, as Miss Caswell, an aspiring actress, described by another character as a studentof "The Copacabana School of Dramatic Art". Mankiewicz later commented that he had seen aninnocence in her that he found appealing, and that this had confirmed his belief in her suitability for therole.Following Monroe's success in these roles, Hyde negotiated a seven-year contract for her with 20thCentury Fox, shortly before his death in December 1950.

Monroe enrolled at the University of California, Los Angeles studying literature and art appreciation, andappeared in several minor films playing opposite such long-established performers as Mickey Rooney,Constance Bennett, June Allyson, Dick Powell and Claudette Colbert.In March 1951, she appeared as apresenter at the 23rd Academy Awards ceremony.3.Mainstream successHer next film was Gentlemen Prefer Blondes(1953) co-starring Jane Russell and directedby Howard Hawks. Playing Lorelei Lee, a gold-digging showgirl, she was required to singand dance. The two stars became friends,with Russell describing Monroe as "very shyand very sweet and far more intelligent thanpeople gave her credit for". [39] She later

recalled that Monroe showed her dedicationby rehearsing her dance routines eachevening after most of the crew had left, butwas habitually late on set for filming.Realizing that Monroe remained in herdressing room due to stage fright, and thatHawks was growing impatient with hertardiness, Russell started escorting her to theset.[40]

At the Los Angeles premiere of the film,Monroe and Russell pressed their hand- and


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continuation

double its production costs. Her rendition of "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend" becameassociated with her.

How to Marry a Millionaire, a comedy about three models scheming to attract a wealthyhusband, teamed Monroe with Betty Grable and Lauren Bacall, directed by Jean Negulesco. Theproducer and scriptwriter, Nunnally Johnson, said that it was the first film in which audiences"liked Marilyn for herself [and that] she diagnosed the reason very shrewdly. She said that it wasthe only picture she'd been in, in which she had a measure of modesty... about her ownattractiveness."

Monroe's films of this period established her "dumb blonde" persona and contributed to her

popularity. In 1953 and 1954, she was listed in the annual "Quigley Poll of the Top Ten MoneyMaking Stars", which was compiled from the votes of movie exhibitors throughout the UnitedStates for the stars that had generated the most revenue in their theaters over the previousyear. During this time, Monroe discussed her acting ambitions, telling the New York Times, "Iwant to grow and develop and play serious dramatic parts. My dramatic coach, Natasha Lytess,tells everybody that I have a great soul, but so far nobody's interested in it". [45] She saw apossibility in 20th Century Fox's upcoming film, The Egyptian, but was rebuffed by Darryl F.Zanuck who refused to screen test her.

During this time, Monroe discussed her actingambitions, telling the New York Times, "I want togrow and develop and play serious dramatic parts.My dramatic coach, Natasha Lytess, tellseverybody that I have a great soul, but so farnobody's interested in it". [45] She saw apossibility in 20th Century Fox's upcoming film, TheEgyptian, but was rebuffed by Darryl F. Zanuckwho refused to screen test her. Instead, she wasassigned to the western River of No Return,opposite Robert Mitchum. It was directed by OttoPreminger who resented Monroe's reliance onNatasha Lytess, who coached her and gave her

verdict at the end of each scene. EventuallyMonroe refused to speak to Preminger, andMitchum was required to mediate.[47]


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On the finished product, she commented, "I think I deserve a better deal than a grade Zcowboy movie in which the acting finished second to the scenery and the CinemaScope

process."

In late 1953, Monroe was scheduled to begin filming The Girl in Pink Tights with FrankSinatra, and when she failed to appear for work, she was suspended by 20th Century Fox.She and DiMaggio were married in San Francisco on January 14, 1954, and travelled toapan soon after, combining a honeymoon with a business trip previously arranged byDiMaggio. For two weeks she took a secondary role to DiMaggio as he conducted hisbusiness, and said to a reporter, "Marriage is my main career from now on". She thentravelled alone to Korea where she performed for 13,000 American marines over a three-

day period, and later commented that the experience had helped her overcome a fear ofperforming in front of large crowds.Returning to Hollywood in March 1954, Monroe settled her disagreement with 20th CenturyFox and appeared in There's No Business Like Show Business, a musical which failed torecover its production costs.The film was received poorly; Ed Sullivan described Monroe'sperformance of the song "Heat Wave" as "one of the most flagrant violations of good taste"he had witnessed,[Time compared her unfavourably to co-star Ethel Merman, while BosleyCrowther for The New York Times said that Mitzi Gaynor had surpassed Monroe's"embarrassing to behold" performance. The reviews echoed Monroe's opinion of the film,

which she had made reluctantly, with the assurance that she would be given the starringrole in the film adaption of the Broadway hit The Seven Year Itch.In September 1954, Monroe filmed one of the key scenes for The Seven Year Itch in New

York City. In it, she stands with her co-star, Tom Ewell, while the air from a subway gratingblows her skirt over her head. A large crowd watched as director Billy Wilder ordered thescene to be refilmed many times. Among the crowd was Joe DiMaggio, who was reported tohave been infuriated by the spectacle. After a quarrel, witnessed by journalist WalterWinchell, the couple returned to California where they avoided the press for two weeks,until Monroe announced that they had separated. Their divorce was granted in November1954. The filming was completed in early 1955, and after refusing what Monroe consideredto be inferior parts in The Girl in the Red Velvet Swing and How to Be Very, Very Popular,

continuation


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On August 5, 1962, LAPDpolice sergeant JackClemmons received a call at4:25AM from Dr. Hyman

Engelberg proclaiming thatMonroe was dead at herhome in Brentwood, LosAngeles, California.Sergeant Clemmons wasthe first police officer toarrive at the deathscene.[117] Many questionsremain unanswered about

the circumstances of herdeath and the timeline afterMonroe's body was found.

The official cause ofMonroe's death wasclassified by Dr. ThomasNoguchi of the Los AngelesCounty Coroners office as"acute barbiturate

poisoning", which herecorded as a "probablesuicide". [118] Eightmilligram percent of chloralhydrate and 4.5 milligrampercent of Nembutal werefound in her system afterthe autopsy.[119] Her deathwas classified as "probablesuicide", but because of alack of evidence,

Death andaftermath


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Photographs of Marylin Monroe


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End!

marilyn monroe trabalho de inglês

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