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(Q \Miat is the "misadventure" that William Douglas speaks about?

Ans. The ,misadveTltulv, that William Douglas speaks about is how he nearly drowned

himself in a swimming pool when he was a vovmg bov.

5>s- \Miat were the series of emotions and fears that Douglas experienced when he was thrown into the pool? What plans did he make to come to the surface?

Ans. At first Douglas felt frightened. But he did not panic. He decided to land at the bottom

of the pool as soon as he hit it. He shoot forth up as he planned. He came up slowly at

the surface of water. He grew more frightened and suffocated because his legs have

no life. Then he went down again once again.-At last, he shoot forth of the floor of the

pool. He came up slowly. His lungs ached, his head throuhbed. He was getting

unconcious as he went down again. He jumped off the bottom of the pool.

He again came surface third time. Then he felt relaxed. He had no terror now. His

mind was quite peaceful.

^ (3 * How did this experience affect him ?

Ans. This experience affected him greatly. He nearly died. He was weak and shivering. He

couldn't eat that night. He shook and cried when he lay on his bed. There was a

haunting terror in his heart for many days. He never went hack to the pool. He feared

water. He avoided it whenever it was possible for him.

*x Why was Douglas determined to get over his fear of water?

Ans. Douglas was d.-lermuied to gel over his fear of water Kvause the fear of water stuck

10 hx« mind for years. It ruined his fishing trips. It deprived him of the jov of canoeing.

bommK TlinvCoiv lu- wns nnxious 10 ov.-iwrno his Com-of vostor.

O How didlho, iri.trurlor "luiild n -.wimmor" mil of Don^Ins?

XW Douglas doritlod pot m, .nstrurlor nml loom to swtm.Tho mslruolor " l"■ ..round Dou* a, A m,>o «„s attarhod ,ho Ivl. tlmntph pulloy that roo " 1

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across the pool. This went on for many days. Then he taught him to put his face under water and exhale. He also taught Douglas to raise his nose and inhale. Douglas repented

the exercise hundreds of times. Thus, piece by piece, the instructor built a swimmer

out of Douglas.

How did Douglas make sure that he conquered the old terror?

ns. To make sure that Douglas conquered the old terror, he dived into Wentworth lake in New Hampshire, dived off a dock at Triggs Island, and swam two miles across the

lake to Stamp Act Island.

UIMDERSTANPINC THE TEXT

1. How does Douglas make clear to the reader the sense of panic that gripped

him as he almost drowned?'Describe the details that have made, the

description vivid.

Ans. Douglas makes clear to the reader the sense of panic that gripped him as he almost

drowned by giving the different description of his account. He talks about his fear of

water. He describes the experiences of emotions and fears when he was thrown into

the pool.

Douglas was thrown in a swimming pool by a strong boy. He did not know how to

swim. But he decided to jump off the bottom of the pool as soon as he hit it. But he

failed in doing so. He was frightened. These nine feet were likely ninety feet. He was

suffocating. His lungs were ready to burst. His legs were as it paralysed.

He was getting dizzy. He screamed but only water heard, him. Then a terror seized

him. The death was before him.

2. How did Douglas overcome his fear of water?

Ans. The fear of water remained with Douglas so many years. He used every way he knew

•to overcome this fear, but it held him firmly. Then, he decided to get an instructor and

learn to swim. He went to a pool and practised. The instructor tied a belt round Douglas.

A rope was attached to the belt and went through a pulley that ran along a cable

overhead. The trainer held one end of the rope as they back and forth in the pool.

This exercise repeated several weeks. After that instructor taught him to put his face

under the water and exhale. At last the instructor made him a good swimmer. Now

Douglas could swim without any instruction. But the fear of water was still now in his

- heart. He wanted to get rid of this fear of water.

So, one day he went to lake Wentworth in New Hampshire and dived off a dock at

Trigg Island and swam two miles across the lake to Stamp Act Island. Now, he was

fully confident that he had overcome his fear of water.

3. Why does Douglas as an adult recount a childhood experience of terror and

his conquering of it? What larger meaning does he draw from this experience?

Ans. Douglas as an adult recount a childhood experience of terror and his conquering of it

because this experience had a great impact on him. It is because only those who have

experienced terror and conquered it can appreciate. There is terror only in the fear of

death. Douglas quotes Roosevelt here, "All we have to fear is fear itself." He points

out larger meaning from this experience. He has experienced both the sensation of

dying and the will to live somehow grew in intensity. Finally, he felt released. He

wants to tell us that we should keep strengt h even in odd situation. We should try to

conquer our fear. Then we could easily overcome it.

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A l What made the peddler accept Edla Willmansson's invitation?

Ans The peddler accepted Edla Willmansson's invitation because she spoke to him i ■ She knew that he was afraid. So, she assured him that no harm would come t

and he would be free to leave the home whenever he wanted to. to hi^

2. What doubts did Edla have about the peddlei?

Ans. Edla thought, "Either he has stolen something or else he has escaped from jail -

3. When did the ironmaster realise his mistake ?

Ans. The ironmaster had seen the peddler in the uncertain dim light of the furnan when he saw the peddler standing in broad daylight washed and shaved' th 5ut

realised his mistake. eri

4. What did the peddler say in his defence when it was clear that he wa

the person the ironmaster had thought he was ? s ^ot

Ans, The peddler said that he had never pretended to be ironmaster's regimental con

He only wanted to have a shelter for the night. He had been continuously dec!" a^e"

the ironmaster's invitation. And now he was willing to go away. lning

5. Whv did Edla still entertain the peddler even after she knew the trutb u

him? about

Ans, Edla still entertained the peddler even after she knew the truth about him be

she thought that he was a poor homeless tramp. It was not appropriate to chase USe

a human being when they have asked to come there. She wanted to get the

feeding a hungry poor man on Christmas. " ^ 0'

& Why was Edla happy to see the gift left by the peddler?

Ans. Edla had learned in the church that the peddler was a thief. He had stolen the 1H

crofter's money. Her father taunted her. But finding the money left by the peddler -h

became happy. The man was not a thief after all. All this made her happy. ^ 6

^ Why did the peddler sign himself as Captain Von Stable?

The peddler signed himself as captain Von Stable because ironmaster's daughter h-H

reformed him. She addressed him as a captain. In that wav, he got power to ch^r himself. So, he signed as "Captain Van Stahle" Infact he was captain Von Stahle.

Ans

UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT

Ans.

f0eS'hc l,«dd.ler interpret the acts of kindness and hospitality shown b\ the crofter, the ironmaster and his daughter9

The peddler thought that the acts of kindness and hospitality shown by the croflcr,

a trm "iX cmfler X " j4'''' T" bultS f0r 8 p00r w«nd«"ivr. Thcv luivd him into

hJh t wanto^nd I .r .T',1 h'm V8 m0nc-v- he w™ld "<« ln«ve stolen. It was a

him in Ids ol himself trapped in it. The ironmaster invit«!

caught. Then finally he had to accept^kZwilr lhi"kmK that he would be

that he was going io he caught in a i rJ u s invitation. He said to niom-y. Rut somehow h.. c.,..,.. .. 0 ™i'sed himself for stealing the croners

kroner.

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hand him over to sheriff. On the other hand. Edla does not believe the peddler to be a captain. She takes him as a vagabond. She wants to feed him in the true spirit of

Christmas. She disagrees with her father when he asks the peddler to go away. She thinks that it is not a fair way to chase away a human being whom they have asked to

come there, and to whom they have promised Christmas cheer. She never thinks that the peddler will deceive them. But the ironmaster has feared that he will cause some harm to them. When Edla comes to know about peddler robbing crofter, she feels

sorry for him.

3. The story has many instances of unexpected reactions from the characters to otheis behaviour. Pick out instances of these surprises.

Ans. The story has many instances of unexpected reactions from the characters to others

behavioui. The instances of these surprises are as follows —

(0 The homeless peddler asked for a night's shelter at the crofter's cottage. The crofter who was an old man without wise or child, became happy to find someone

to talk to in his loneliness. He treated like a friend and served him hot porridge.

He gave him tobacco to smoke. The crofter told everything about himself to the

peddler. He showed the peddler three wrinkle ten-kroner bills. It was least

expected that the peddler would deceive the crofter who had surved hira so

well.

(ii) The peddler asked ironmaster to sleep near forge for a night. The ironmaster

spoke very kindly to him and invited him home. But the peddler declined his

invitation. This refusal of the peddler seems very much an unexpected behaviour.

4. What made the peddler finally change his ways?

Ans. It was Edla's self less concern for poor homeless peddler that made him to change his

ways. Edla had been so nice to him, as if he was a captain. Now the peddler wanted to

be nice to her in return, as if he was a real captain. He wanted to repay her kindness.

He did not want her to be embarrassed at this Christmas season by a thief. He returned

back the crofter's money. All this made the him finally change his ways.

5. How does the metaphor of the rattrap serve to highlight the human predicament ?

Ans. The metaphor is used by the peddler. He thinks this whole world is a big rattrap. It

sets baits to tract people to caught them. The comparison is quite apt. We use cheese

or pork to lure rats into a trap. In the same way, this world has many baits for humans.

These are clothing, riches, lands, food, joys and so many other things. Anybody who

touches the world closes on him. He or she cannot these things. They become more

and more greedy. Though we are all aware of this trap, and see those caught in it are

be unhappy, but we could not stop ourselves to circling around those baits. We all are

anger to be trapped voluntarily in this trap, and invite troubles for ourselves. This is

our predicament.

6. The peddler comes out as a person with a subtle sense of humour. How does

this serve in lightening the seriousness of the theme of the story and also

endear him to us ?

Ans. The peddler comes out as a person with a subtle sense of humour. This serves a peat

deal in lightening the seriousness of the theme of the story and also endears him to

us. His very idea of the world being a rattrap is humorous. When the peddler goes

with Edla to her father's house, he thinks. "Now I am sitting in the trap and will

never get out of it." This is really a funny thing for us. Trap is used here both as a

carriage and a snare. The snhlle sense of humour can be seen in his letter addressed

to Edla where he writes, "Since you have been so nice to me all day long, as if I was a

captain. 1 want to he nice to you. in return, as if 1 was real captain." Then the humour

can be seen in the final lines. 'The rnUrnp is a Christmas present from a rat who

would have been caught in this world's rattrap if he had not been raised to captain,

because in that tvav he got power to clear himself." This funny use of words gives an

imaging and interesting end to the story.

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^mtj^nsntton for hoinK relonsed from the 15 pemmt nrrmiuement.

Ci) The events in this part of the text illuslrnte C.nndhi's method of vvorkinc. I Cnn you tdentify some instances of this method and link them to his ideas of

Sntyntfrnha and non-violence?

Ans. (•andhtjt continued with the work for which he had come to Champamn. He met the British ofTicml comniisRioner of the Tirhut division m which the Chantpnmn disirk*i

lay. He bullied Oandhiji and ordered him to leave Tirhut at once Candhiji did not

leave, Instead he proceeded to Motihan. the capital of Chmuparan Gnndluji roceniHi

« notice hut he declared that he would not leave. Several lawyers mrompanied him.

Oandhiji received a summons to appear in court the next day. Thousands of peasanLs came m support of Oandhiji. They surrounded the court building. Oandhiji did not

allow them to commit any kind of violence. Oandhiji also protested against the delay.

H«* rend n Htatement pleading guilty. He accepted that lie disregarded the order to leave. " not for want of respect for lawful authority, hut m obedience to the higher law

ofour Is'ing, tla> voice of conscience." He did not want to set an example as n Inwhreakcr.

All thiw ••vents in this part of the text illustrate Onndhi's method of working. The above mentioned events are some examples of this method and link them to hia idea

of wilyagraha and non-violence.

G3>) ^ Oandhi agree to a settlement of 25 percent refund to the farmers? Aru. Oandhi agrwd to a settlement of 25 percent refund to the peasant* Ux-auae aeconlmg

. to Oandhiji. the amount of the refund was less important than the fact that the Landlord# had been obliginl to surrender part of the money and, with it. part of their

preatige, 'Hie British landlords used to consider themselvw. above law They behaved

their tenant# brutally. The peasant.- now had ml rui of iheir fi'ar The\ were no longer

all's id of I hem, How did the episode change the plight of the peasants ?

Aa». Thu eptaodc changiil the plight of the ^wasant* ronsidcraldy Thex found that they

had r>ght» and defenders Thus epixxie hU'rated tin- peasants from the fear cd the

BntttJa L»milords They leurued couragtx Now they faecd the British landlords with

«oar»ge The Bntuh landbrtls left tlwir estates, which wem ixwrtixl to the jwasants.

Oukrvataio of indigo stopjied Bcsnkxi this, the> got IxacV a part of nhinoy they had paid lu tlw Bntuh lamllorvO as aunpenaation

UNDfRSTANOINC THE TCXT

0 W do you think Oandhi cuusldered the rhimiparan epkode to he a turning point iu hu life?

•Nn*. Oaadhiji ccKiaadeivd tlw (Tiampaiwii wpi*xle to lie a tmping point m hiti life because

frnn now the poawauu lia\e naiw> mit of the f.>aT Bxim the Bnti.sh land-lords. He had

cwae to Champarwa to cuut Shukla aomc day# But nOcr #eeing the miserable tundttMBof pi>*a»ant# he Uvrd then* Ibr 7 months Tlie Unlish land-lords behaved the

{x-nwal* a» llMtr Uavrv The {xnaanta haw to cultivate indigo for them. But when

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Germany discovered synthetic indigo, the cultivation of indigo was stopped in India,

because the price of indigo will come down now. This issue was moved into the court

where Mr. Gandhi was declared the winner. The tenants got back a small part of

money they had paid to the British landlords as compensation. The peasants now had

got rid of their fear. They were no longer afraid of them.

How was Gandhi able to influence lawyers? Give instances.

Ans. Gandhiji was ready to go to jail against the injustice to the sharecroppers. The lawyers

thought that amongst themselves, Gandhiji was totally a stranger person. But he was

ready to go to jail for the sake of poor peasants. This influenced them. They thought

that it would be a shameful desertion, if they go home. Therefore, they told Gandhiji

that they were ready to follow him into jail.

What was the attitude of the average Indian in smaller localities towards

advocates of'home rule'?

Ans. The attitude of the average Indian in smaller localities towards advocates of 'home

rule' was totally negative. They were afraid to show sympathy for the advocates of

home rule in those days.

How do we know that ordinary people too contributed to the freedom

movement?

Ans. When Gandhiji was in problem with the authorities in Champaran, thousands of

peasants gathered around the court building. They became ready to follow him in the

jail. All this shows their contribution to the freedom movement.

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