Transcript
Page 1: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V.

7o WORKSHOP INTERNACIONAL SENAI

“MATERIAIS”30 de ogosto 2012; Criciúma – SC – Brasil

"Tendências de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação dos Materiais para Aplicações Industriais"

„Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais

para o setor industrial”

Erich Meusel; Rüdiger Strubl; Wolfgang Müller; Ralf-Peter Gottlöber;

Nicole Klose; Frances Stöckner; Anne Böhm; Klaus Heinemann

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V.

07407 Rudolstadt - Schwarza; GERMANY

http://www.titk.de; E-Mail: [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Klaus Heinemann

Page 2: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V.

Disposition

Prof. Dr. Klaus Heinemann

� TITK – industrial polymeric materials research institute,in the Free State "Thuringia"; Germany

� Material design using native polymers, esp. Cellulose

� Fibre reinforced materials for the lightweight construction

� Nano-composites– polymer materials with uncommon properties

� Specialized additives aiming at "macromolecular engineering"

���� Reactive "lcp’s": � Basic concept for „lc- PEIA”� Selected results

���� FunctionalizedNano- layered silicates: � PEIA- modified „nanoclays”

� antibacterial „nanoclays”

���� Additives enrichedat filament surface: � Conception – basic idea

� Design and synthesis of the novel additives� Filament properties – first results� Résumé and outlook

� Functional polymer systems and "POLYTRONIC"

„Polymer materials research:International highly topical trends for the industry sector”

the TITK

ALCERU® high tech

Fibre reinforcement

Nano- composites

Specializedadditives

- reactive lcp’s

- PEIA-nanoclays

- antibac- nanoclays

- additives enriched

at the surface

POLYTRONIC

Fig. 02

Page 3: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff- Forschung e.V.

for a progressive productive small and medium-sized industry

Dr.-Ing. Ralf-Uwe Bauer

Managing Director of the TITK reg. assoc.

Innovation Competence Quality

The TITK – 58 Years Industrial Research

Chemical Research

Textile and MaterialResearch

PlasticsResearch

FunctionalPolymerSystems andphysical Research

Page 4: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

TITK – the Research Institutefor

Polymer Materials

Innovation Competence Quality

Page 5: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thuringian Institute for Plastics Research Rudolstadt/ Germany

Department of Functional Polymers Systems

Rudolstadt

A9

A4

A71

B88

B88B85

JenaWeimarErfurt

Ilmenau

Rudolstadt

Saalfeld / ICE

Thuringia

“Technology triangle” Jena – Rudolstadt – Ilmenau

Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena

Ilmenau University of Technology

Center for Micro- andNanotechnology

Thuringian Institute for Textile and Plastics Research (TITK) Rudolstadt / Germany

Page 6: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung

TITKThuringian Institute for Textile and Plastics Research reg. assoc.

Employee: 133 Member: 89 Budget: 10 million EURO

Research & Developmentregarding Materials,Processing and Technologies

OMPGEast Thuringian Material Testing Comp. for Textiles and Plastics

Employee: 44

Turnover: 5 million EURO

(100% subsidiary of TITK)Materials Testing and Characterization Services

25,1 % 28 % 33 % 50 % 34 %

AP®FIBREGmbH

Rudolstadt

Technologiegesell-schaft Thüringen mbG & Co. KG

Rubitherm Compound

GmbH

TITK - Network

Fig. 06

Shanghai Lyocell Chemical Fibre

Engineering

Development Co., Ltd.

Page 7: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung e.V.

OP G

M

� Advisory Centre regarding Material Applications� Analyses of Recycling Materials� Investigations

SERVICE

Ostthüringische Materialprüfgesellschaft m. b. H.Accredited Testing of Plastics

TESTINGS� Thermical testings� Mechanical testings� Optical testings

� Flammability testings� Electrical testings� Rheological testings

ANALYSES� Identification of plastics� Chemical Analyses� Damage analyses

� Particle andSurface analyses

Fig. 07

� „Co-Benefactor” of the endowed professorship „Plastics technology”at the "University of Technology Ilmenau"

Page 8: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung

TITK - Network

including: Production of

applicators for theCosmetic Industryby electrostatic coatingusing flock fibres

Research & Development regardingMaterials, Processing and Technologies

East Thuringian Material Testing Companyfor Textiles and Plastics

(100% subsidiary of TITK)Materials Testing andCharacterization Services

Fig. 08

Page 9: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung

Strategic Research Orientation: Industrial Utilization

Functional Polymer

Systems Research

Textile and Material Research

Native Polymers andChemical Research

Plastics Research

Functional Polymers – Composite MaterialsStructural Polymers – Plastics Processing

Portfolio

• Research and Development Services: Processes and Materials

• Materials Testing and Characterization Services

• Selling of Products and Materials resulting from previous Research and

Development Activities and produced in small scale production

• Selling of own Patents respectively Licences

Research Services, providing the Expertise and Potentials of the TITK

to the small and medium-sized companies for their own developments

Page 10: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung

Department: “Native Polymers and Chemical Research”

Field of Research: Structural and functional materialsbased on “Native Polymers”

Competences:

- Characterization of polymers and polymer solutions

- Shaping of native polymersinto monofilaments, multifilaments, fibres, films and beadsby means of “dry -wet” or “wet” techniques

- Chemical modification of polysaccharides and proteinsas well as their shaping for technical applications

- Technologies for production of ceramic fibres and foils

Fig. 10

Dr. Frank Meister – Head of the department

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Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff- Forschung e.V.

Dr.-Ing. Ralf-Uwe Bauer

Managing Director of the TITK reg. assoc.

2µm

ALCERU® -products – an Overview

ALCERU® supersorb

ALCERU®

conductive0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

0 10 20 30 40 50

SAP-Gehalt [%]

WRV [%]

Destw asser

0.9% NaCl-Lösung

künstl. Blut

ALCERU® exchange

REM micrograph of ALCERU-supersorb fibres

1. “Native Polymers and Chemical Research”

ALCERU® piezo

ALCERU® antibacterial

ALCERU® ceramic0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Transverse pore diameter [nm]

PS

D (

volu

me)

34± 5 nm Polymer/Solvent-System : Polystyrene/THF

Pore surface/pore volume : 59 ± 10 m3/cm3

Water retention behaviour: 16 cm3/g

Information: PSS GmbH Mainz

ALCERU® beads

+Ag+

ALCERU® duotherm

Chemical Research

Textile and MaterialResearch

PlasticsResearch

FunctionalPolymerSystems andphysical Research

Page 12: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Dr. Frank Meister, Head of Department Fig. 12

Yarn composition / Fibrecharacteristics- cellulose > 47 %- PCM component 30 - 40 % (absolute)- minerals about 7 %- humidity < 12 %- finishing agent < 2 %- fibre fineness 2.2 - 6.7 dtex (according to customers demands)- staple length 38 - 60 mm (according to customers demands)- tenacity > 16 cN/tex- fibre elongation > 10 %- typical phase change temperature* 28 - 35 C

Effectivity: • proved washing permanence up to 50 washing cycles at 60 C • excellent textile processability and dyeable in all colour gradations • at least 10 % of Cell SolutionTM clima fibres in blended yarn

(cotton, lyocell, viscose, wool, polyamide, polyester, ...) or fabric are recommended • outstanding wearing comfort and micro climate because of

excellent skin temperature regulation in bed textiles & heat or cold protection clothes

"Cell SolutionTM clima"– a high potential PCM micro-composite material –

Composition: • a new textile micro-composite material with thermo regulating properties

• PCM (Phase Change Material) is directly and permanently embeddedin the fibre cross-section via dry-jet-wet spinning process

• highest heat storage capacity (up to 40 Joules per gram of fibre)

Page 13: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-ForschungFig. 13

T-shirt made of yarnscontaining 7 % functional fibres"Cell SolutionTM protection"

Requirements:→ increasing of blocking effect

regarding blood-sucking insects

→ lower insecticide contaminationof clothes wearer

Evaluationof fibres and fabrics madefrom insect blocking fibresdemonstratethe functionalityeven after 50 washing cyclesand their safetyat typical usage

Permethrin-based Nanocomposite ALCERU®-Fiber

3-Phenoxybenzyl(1RS)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-

2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

Permethrin

Page 14: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung

Flame-resistant melamine melt-blown fibre mats

MER melamine resin granulate

Catalyst

+

Crosslinking>180°°°°C

Tempering,FinishingConsolidation(if needed)

Hot air

Meltblownfibre jet

Conveying screen

Scheme of modified meltblown process (mini plant at TITK):

• typical value ranges: 10 µm ~1µm, 35 - 350 g/m²,

30 cm width (pilot plant)

• inherent flame resistance: LOI = 32

• don‘t shrink, melt or drip when exposed to a flame

• excellent heat dimensional stability

• high thermal & acoustic insulation properties

• textile processability

• self- bonded web

• high filtration efficiency

• Excellent chemical resistance especiallyagainst

alkali and organics; fair acid - resistant

Fig. 14

ConstructionalIndustry

Page 15: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Dr. Renate Lützkendorf, Head of Department

Research Fields

► Fibre Reinforced Composites –materials and their productiontechnologies

► Technical Textiles – textile composites,sandwich- structures (light-weight materials) and recycling as well as reutilization processes

► Materials Testing /Characterization

Fig. 15

2. “Textile and Material Research”

► High Performance Fibres and Textile Fabrics

– Usage as reinforcing materials

and other technical applications –

Page 16: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Dr. Renate Lützkendorf, Head of Department

2. “Textile and Material Research”

Fiber reinforced composites – New developments:

Composites – reinforced with CARBON fibres

Composites – reinforced with ARAMIDE fibres

"Long fibres reinforced granulates" developments

Matrix materials: PP; PA 6; PA 6.6

ARAMIDE - content: up to 70%

Applications: - Compounding;- Injection moulding

Industry: - Automobiles- Tyres

and

ARAMIDE - Recycling fibres Thermoplastic Matrix fibres

result in

Long fibresreinforcedgranulates

Fig. 16

Page 17: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff- Forschung e.V.

Dr.-Ing. Ralf-Uwe Bauer

Managing Director of the TITK reg. assoc.

3. “Plastics Research”

Focus of Research Activities

► Development of Formulations,Processing technologies and Processing methods

► Characterization of the Material Behaviour ofthermoplastic polymers with the main topics:

- Nanocomposites: CarbonNanoTubes (CNT)

expanded graphite

layered silicates- Compounds using el. conductive additives – EM- Shielding

- Synthetic / Natural / Glass Fibre reinforced Compounds

- Fire - retardant modification and testing- in-situ-Modification of Polyesters / Polyamides- Catalysis of Polyesters / Polyamides

- “Nanocapsules” with core - shell architectures

by means of DENDRITIC POLYMERS

► Transfer Centre for Technologies of material specific Plastics Recycling

► Material specific Plastics Recycling –Conceptions, Processes, Products

Films and Sheets

Compounding

Extrusion

Injection Moulding

Dr. Stefan Reinemannhead of the department

����

����

����

Chemical Research

Textile and MaterialResearch

PlasticsResearch

FunctionalPolymerSystems andphysical Research

Page 18: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Dr. Stefan Reinemann, Head of Department

3. Department: “Plastics Research”

"Falling-ball impact test" (- 30°C)

0% PAN 10% PAN 20% PAN 30% PAN

Fibre reinforced Polypropylene – using “Synthetic fibres”, e.g. PET or PAN

Results using PAN – fibres:

- increase of the STRENGTH: up to 30%

- enhancement of the STIFFNESS: up to 50%

- improvement of the IMPACT TOUGTNESS: up to 500%

Fig. 18

Page 19: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 19

2. Department: “Plastics Research”

Effect of

"PA6/PP-OMMT-Nanocomposite" – Blends

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung e.V.

Page 20: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Heat accumulating and Heat storing polymer granulates

„accumulating“ process loaded „pull - out“ process unloaded

Fig. 20

REM Foto: Einlagerung des Wärmespeicher-Paraffins

in der Polymermatrix

• PCM – containing Polymer Granulate Material:

• Melting temperatures of the PCMs usedare determining the accumulating and the“pull - out” temperatures of the heat storage granul es,

[e.g. (6 / 42 / 52 / 58 und 82) °C]

Applications as buffer store for:

- Thermal Solar Collectors

- Heat Pumps (cold and/or warm site)

- Solid-phase burning oven / oil or gas burner / air-conditioning systems, engine heat

3. Department: “Plastics Research”

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung e.V.

Page 21: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

21

Station III : Floor heating zone

Reference and Demonstration apparatus at TITK

• Heated area – office floor: ca. 60 m²

• Collector area: ca. 52 m2

• 20 Sunlight Collectors:

(BUDERUS® SKB4.0-w)

• Installed Solar power: 26 – 31 KW

• Phase Change Temperature: 42 °C

• PCM - Granulate Mass: 1000 kg

height of the granulate bed: 4 cm

• Heat power Output: ca. 40 kW

• Floor surface temperature: ca. 30 °C

Heat accumulating and Heat storing polymer granulates

Fig. 1: Schematic Planof the Solar – ThermalFloor Heating

Fig. 2: Schematic Layoutof the Floor

Fig. 21

Page 22: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

TITK- department: “Plastics Research”

Dr. Stefan Reinemann; head of the department

► Syntheses of POLYESTERS (PET, PTT, PBT and PEN) ► Modification of polyesters using Co-monomers► "in-situ"- modification of polyesters using various additives► Evaluation of catalyzer systems for polyester syntheses► Equipment:

� 2L-Autoclave- overpressure up to 15 bar- polymer yield up to 1 kg

► Syntheses of POLYAMIDES (PA 6, PA 6.6) ► Modification of polyamides using Co-monomers► "in-situ"- modification of polyamides using additives► Equipment:

� 5L-Autoclave- overpressure up to 20 bar- polymer yield up to 3 kg

► New equipment for "up-scaling" of polymer syntheses,

including “Finisher” to increase the melt viscosity (mbatch ~ 30 kg)

“Autoclave Technology”

10L-Autoclave for (trans)esterification

and polycondensation

� 10L-Autoclave- overpressure up to 20 bar- polymer yield up to 6 kg

� 10L-Autoclave (t < 320 °°°°C)- overpressure up to 25 bar- polymer yield up to 5 kg

Fig. 22

Page 23: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Department:„Functional Polymer Systemsand Physical Research”

consists of two Research Teams:

Synthetic Functional Polymer Materials and –composites

Organic Nano- Layers and – layer systems as well as

Micro Structuring and –materials patterning technologies

for POLYMER ELECTRONIC– (IC&M– Technologies),

MICROSYSTEM–, MEDICINE– and TRANSPORT Applic.

Chemical and physico-chemical modification of

technical „High-Performance”- and „High-Tech”– polymersusing functional, migrating or reactive additives to thegeneration of specific surface or interface propertiesand/or special material functionalities,including their processing to films and filaments

for the FIBRE– and POLYMER PROCESSING INDUSTRIE

Head of the department: Prof. Dr. Klaus Heinemann

Page 24: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 24

„Synthesis Chemistry”

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Rüdiger Strubl & Team

CO

C

N N

n_LCP– modified polyamide and polyester resins and fibres

_Flame- retardant polyamide and polyester resins and fibres

_ Surface- modified polymer films and fibres

_ “reactive polymer blending” and fibres thereof

_ Polymer modification by “reactive compounding” using

"chain extender" or "reactive modifier" and fibres thereof_

Permanent hydrophobic modification of polyamides & polyesters

_ Permanent hydrophilic modification of polyamides & polyesters

_ Fluorescent polyamide and polyester fibres

_ Functional polymer systems for smart fibres and smart textiles

_ Bi-component – High temperature – melt spinning technology

with velocities up to 6.000 m/min (LOY,POY,HOY,FOY)

Page 25: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 25Reaction of lc– poly (esterimide anhydrides) with PA 6

in molten state to form graft - block- copolyesterimides

2- ( 2 n + 2 ) H O

( 2 n + 2 ) COOHPA 6H2N+

ZSK 25Fa. Werner&Pfleiderer

ϑϑϑϑ = 250 °C

m = 6,5 kg / h

DZ = 200 / min

t = 2 min

OC

O

OC

OCO

CO OCO

CO

CO

O

COn

O

PA

COOH

PA

COOH

n

OC

N

OC

PAHOOC

OCN

CO

C

NC

O

PA COOH

OCN

CO

Page 26: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V.

Mode of action in polyamide fibres

reactive lcp’s

PEIA &

Nanoclays

“Antibac –Nanoclays”

Additives enriched at the surface

conception

basic idea

objectives

syntheses

processing

results

analyses

résumé

outlook

the TITK

Fig. 26

UV- or light stabilizer molecule

PA 6 – incompatible component (migration causing element)

component with PA 6 – affinity(anchoring segment) PA6 – fibre surface

� Spontaneous migration of the stabilizer additives during the fibre forming process

➄➄➄➄ Enrichment of the stabilizer molecules nearby the boundary layer of PA fibre

� Immobilization of the complex additives molecule in the accomplished fibre

� Improved light protection efficiency by accessibility of stabilizer molecules in the surface region

in reality:

FORMATIONFORMATIONFORMATIONFORMATION

OF AOF AOF AOF A

CONCENTRATIONCONCENTRATIONCONCENTRATIONCONCENTRATION

GRADIENT !GRADIENT !GRADIENT !GRADIENT !

may be expected

Prof. Dr. Klaus Heinemann

Page 27: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung Steffi SensfussThüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-ForschungThüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung Dr. R. Strubl und TeamFig. 27

Application of a novel Silver Salt – Complex in PA 6.6

Reference 250 ppm 750 ppm 1500 ppm 5000 ppm

„Reactive Complex- forming agent s – Biocides”

Page 28: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 28 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Rüdiger Strubl & Team

“Modular multifunctional apparatus for additive syntheses”

Page 29: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 29

“Modular multifunctional apparatus for additive syntheses”

Chemical syntheses in liquid media,also under explosion-protected conditions

► Batch- Volumes: 10 Litre (stainless steel) and 16 Litre (titanium)

► Reaction temperatures: up to 200 °C up to 300 °°°°C

► Reaction pressures: up to 0,5 bar

► Reaction media: homogeneous and heterogeneous phases

► Isolation of products: vacuum distillation; evaporation;phase separation; Extraction;

for: • alkylations; acylations• halogenations; nitrations; sulphonations; epoxidations

• esterifications; transesterifications; amidations; saponification

► Calorimetry of reactions, also in case of increased pressure (100 bar)

► Online-IR-Spectroscopy for reaction analysis und -optimization ( 7 bar)

Compound separations by vacuum distillation up to 15 kg/h (offer of service)

Chemical syntheses at „Kilogram – scale“ (customer order)

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Rüdiger Strubl & Team

Page 30: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 30

„Processing Equipment”

Department of FUNCTIONAL POLYMER SYSTEMS

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Rüdiger Strubl & Team

Page 31: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 31 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Rüdiger Strubl & Team

Micro – twin-screw – melt compounder & spinning device

Technical Parameters: - Polymer melt temperatures: ϑϑϑϑ ≤≤≤≤ 350 °°°°C;

- Melt volume – Polymer mass: v = 5,5 cm3; m ~ 8 g !!!;- Screw speed: n = (1 … 360) min-1

HAAKE „MiniLab”Thermo ELECTRON GmbH

76227 Karlsruhe

Page 32: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 32 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Rüdiger Strubl & Team

Micro – melt spinning apparatus

���� Micro–extrusion system „Minitruder” (Fa. Randcastle Inc.; USA)

- Polymer melt temperatures: ϑϑϑϑmax ≤≤≤≤ 430 °°°°C

- throughputs: 10 - 120 g/h or 80 - 980 g/h

Page 33: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 33 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Rüdiger Strubl & Team

Bicomponent–High temperature–melt spinning devicewith winding speeds up to 6.000 m/min

Bicomponent nozzle

outer innerannular gap

(sheath) (core)

Quelle: EMPA & Fa. Fourné

Page 34: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 34

„POLYTRONIC”

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Rüdiger Strubl & Team

Focus: Generation of polymer-based electronic system components

Functional Polymer Systems: „from Material – to System”

Technology developments in the direction of „upscaling“ ofexplored microtechnologies of "polymer engineering" in favour of the scientific and technical prearrangement of the serial manufacturing of:

– Polymer-based field effect transistors and integrated circuits,– Sensors,– Actuators,– Photovoltaic Cells und Modules as well as– Modules by using substances with „switchable“

electrochromic, photochromic and thermochromic properties;

for applications regardinginformation-, communication- and media technology, microelectronics, microsystems-, medical- and traffic technology, including"Reel-to-Reel"- Technologies for - coating

and - micro structuring

Page 35: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 35 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Mario Schrödner & Team

Department: “Functional Polymer Systems”

I. Topic: Polymer Electronic Applications

Schematic View of a PFET (Polymer-Field-Effect-Transistor)

on a flexible polymer film

Insulator (d: 400 nm – 1.000 nm

Semi conductor

(d: 5 nm – 50 nm)

2 mm

Gate electroded: 100 - 3.000 nm

metal or conducting polymer (PANI, PEDOT:PSS)

Poly(3-alkyl-

thiophenes)

metal, ITO or conducting polymer (PANI,

PEDOT:PSS)

flexible polymer substrate – d: 100 - 200 µm

PET;PI;ABS;glass

0,5 - 3 mm

source

drain

Page 36: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 36 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V. Dr. Mario Schrödner & Team

II. Topic: Flexible Polymer Photovoltaic

Possible Applications:

• Solar cells on tents (esp. for aid organisations)

• Solar cells on textiles [esp. for military and sport textiles (GPS)]

• Solar cells on credit cards(credit cards – real „smart cards”)

Department: “Functional Polymer Systems”

Page 37: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Fig. 37 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung (TITK) e. V.Frau Dr. Steffi Sensfuß & Team

II. Topic: Flexible Polymer Photovoltaic

P Possible Applications:

Modules oncurved surfaces

80

.9

0

21580 #*

74 6

9

3

Smart cards

Consumer electronics

Portable PV-Modules

electronictextiles

intelligentpackaging

Building Integration

(BIPV)

Page 38: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

II. Topic: Polymer Solar CellApplications:

Dr. Schrödner & Team

department: „Functional Polymer Systems”– "POLYTRONIC"

I. Topic:

Polymer-Field-Effect-Transistors

Schematic Drawing PFET

III. Topic:

Micro- and Nanometre-thin Functional Layers

by „Reel - to - Reel”–Technology

Coating Equipment "LBA 200"Fig. 38

Page 39: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung

Trocknung-/

Erstarrungsstrecke

LösungsmittelAntrag

IR-Feld

Abwicklung Aufwicklung

Beschich-

tungsmittel

Corona

Rolle - zu - RolleSteuerung

PC

T

Frau DP K. Schultheis; Dr. L. BlankenburgFig. 39

Reel – to – Reel coating equipment „LBA 200”

Parameters:Width of the substrate tape: ≤ 20 cmSpeed of the tape: ≤ 10 m/min

Corona Activation: 2.5 kWInfrared – dryer: 3.4 kWHot air – dryer: 80 – 120 °C

Continuous wet coating using

diluted polymer- solutions/ -dispersions

by means of „Reel- to-Reel–Technology”

Page 40: Pesquisas em materiais poliméricos: tendências internacionais para o setor industrial

Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung

Roll-to-Roll (R2R) Coating Technology processing flexible Polymer Solar Cells

Frau DP K. Schultheis; Dr. L. BlankenburgFig. 40

Processing parameters R2R

Materials- Substrate: PET/ITO (175 µm)- Baytron PH (~100 nm)- P3HT/PCBM (1:1) 1.2% in Chlorobenzene (~60 - 150 nm)

Technology parameters- Corona – pre- treatment: 200 W- Velocity of the band: 1 - 2 m/min- Width of the slot: 3 - 5 cm- Dosing rate: 1 - 5 ml/min

- Circulating air drying: 80 °C (Baytron)

Completing of the Cells - discontinuous- Vapour deposition of the Al- electrode

- Annealing: 5 min at 100°C

Measuring conditions – Cell characterisation- AM 1.5- Cell dimension: 5x5 mm²- environmental conditions

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

-0,5 0 0,5 1

bias [V]cu

rren

t [m

A/c

m2]

dark

illuminated

ISC: 6.13 mA/cm2

VOC: 618 mV

FF: 0.46

ηAM1.5: 1.74 %

Efficiencies: „Spincoating” = 5,4 % → „R2R” = 1,7 % → 4,5 %

Spin coating Doctor blading continuous coating R2R


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