By Laecio Miranda

Há duas formas de relatar o que alguem disse: pelo discurso direto (direct speech), quando repetimos o que foi dito usando as mesmas palavras da pessoa, e pelo discurso indireto (indirect speech), quando contamos com nossas próprias palavras o que foi dito.

Mudança nos tempos verbais

DISCURSO DIRETO DISCURSO INDIRETO

Simple Present Simple Past

Present Continuous Past Continuous

Simple Past Past Perfect

Present Perfect Past Perfect

Simple Future Simple Conditional

Simple Conditional Conditional Perfect

May Might

Can Could

Past Continuous Past Continuous

Past Perfect Past Perfect

Could Could

Might Might

Should Should

Ought Ought

DISCURSO DIRETO DISCURSO INDIRETO

Andrea said, “I have a test today.”

She said (that) she had a test that day.

Renato said, “I worked yesterday.”

He said (that) he had a test the day before

Léo said, “I´ll work on my car tomorrow.”

He said (that) he would work on his car the next day.

Léa and Léo said, “We´re working now.”

They said (that) they were working then.

Léo said, “I was working an hour ago.”

He said (that) he had been working an hour before.

Cindy said, “I´ve been here before.”

She said (that) she had been there before.

Lisa said, “I can work with you.” She said (that) she could work with me.

Outros exemplos: (Direct) Ringo said, “I study hard to pass my exams”. (Indirect) Ringo said he studied hard to pass his exams. (Direct) Anthony said “I am going downtown now”. (Indirect) Anthony said he was going downtown then. (Direct) Emilia said “I didn’t buy that dog!” (Indirect) Emilia said she hadn’t bought that dog. (Direct) I said “I have lived here for ages”. (Indirect) I said I had lived there for ages. (Direct) The boys said to his friends “we’ll win the

match!” (Indirect) The boys told his friends that they would win

the match. (Direct) I said to my girlfriend “love can tear us apart”. (Indirect) I told my girlfriend that love could tear us apart.

Podemos mantr no discurso indireto o mesmo tempo verbal usado no discurso direto quando o verbo utilizado para relatar (reporting verbs) estiver:- no passado mas a situação ainda existe no prsente.- no presente, futuro ou no presente perfeito.

My parents don´t write to meShe said her parents don´t write to her

I come from Paraguay.He says he comes from Paraguay.

Quando relatamos uma pergunta, colocamos a frase na forma afirmativa.

Discurso Direto Discurso Indireto

What time is the meeting? He asked what time the meeting was.

Does Carla play the piano? He asked if Carla played the piano.

Quando relatamos uma ordem ou um pedido, os verbos mais comuns são tell e order.

Discurso Direto Discurso Indireto

“Open the door.” He told me to open the door.

Don´t call later.” She ordered me not to call later.

Say e tell tem regras diferentes quanto ao uso do objeto indireto.Luis told me (that) he was tired. (O objeto indireto é obrigatório)Luis said (that) he was tired. (O objeto indireto é facultativo)

Must, could, should, ought to, might e would não mudam de forma.He said, “I could go.”He said that he could go.

Bye, bye......