a caminho da internet of things
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A caminho da Internet of Things
Miguel.Pardal@ .utl.pt
31 de Maio de 2011
Internet
http://www.flickr.com/photos/26130745@N08/2451646331/
http://meiogigabyte.blogspot.com/2011/05/instalacao-e-configuracao-do-tcpip.html
Things
http://www.flickr.com/photos/rfischmann/2574254623/
01 . 0000A89 . 00016F . 000169DC0
• Custo
• Alcance
• Funcionalidade
Escolher 2
RFID deployments
http://www.rfidjournalevents.com/map.php
Architecture Framework
Internet
http://www.flickr.com/photos/26130745@N08/2451646331/
Things
http://www.flickr.com/photos/rfischmann/2574254623/
Things
http://www.flickr.com/photos/rfischmann/2574254623/
Internet of Things
Visibilidade
http://www.flickr.com/photos/nexgenstock/4795177198/
Rastreabilidade
• Onde está o meu objecto? – Track
• Onde esteve? – Trace
• Quais são os seus componentes? – Bill-of-materials
• É autêntico?
Onde estão guardados os dados?
http://sol.sapo.pt/inicio/Internacional/Interior.aspx?content_id=20281
Recolha de produtos (recall)
Emergência ! Alimentos, Medicamentos,...
Pardal e Alves Marques, “Building an Assessment Framework for RFID Data Discovery Service Architectures”,
IEEE RFID 2011
Um universo de aplicações!
Sybase.pt Obrigado!
miguel.pardal@ist.utl.pt
The Internet of Things
• Machine-centric
• Connects low-end devices
• Trillions (1012) rather than billions (109) of nodes
• Universal Identification
– EPC
• Universal Addressing
– IPv6
[Elgar Fleisch 10]
IoT applications
• Health monitoring systems
• Distributed awareness to natural disasters
• Improve transportation
– Reduce carbon footprint
• Improve recycling
– Using product lifetime information
RFID
• Automatically identify tagged physical objects
• Collect attributes such as location and time.
• Information systems can keep up-to-date
– Greatly improve business processes
– Data is dispersed
RFID em acção
[Roussos06]
Tag categories
• Passive or battery-less – Use only power provided by the RFID reader’s signal – Smaller, more flexible – $ 0.20
• Semi-passive or battery-assisted
– Use a battery to boost response signal – $ 5
• Active or battery-powered
– Have additional processing capabilities and autonomy because they have more power e.g. sensors
– Longer range – $ 30
Near-field RFID
• LF (Low Frequency): [30 .. 300] kHz
• HF (High Frequency): [3 ..30] MHz
• Inductive coupling
• Load modulation
Shower Analogy
Far-field RFID
• UHF(Ultra-High Frequency): [300..3 000] MHz
• MW (Microwaves): [2,5 .. 5,8 GHz]
• Wave coupling
• Backscatter
Lighthouse Analogy
Other RF technologies
[ How stuff works ] [ PWKits ]
RFID tags
•LF (Low Frequency): [30 .. 300] kHz •HF (High Frequency): [3 ..30] MHz
•Inductive coupling •Load modulation
•UHF(Ultra-High Frequency): [300..3 000] MHz •MW (Microwaves): [2,5 .. 5,8 GHz]
•Wave coupling •Backscatter
RFID
Miles, RFID Technology and Applications, 2008
LLRP, ALE, EPCIS
Ken Traub Consulting LLC
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