18279267 nayhara pessoa rp

8/20/2019 18279267 Nayhara Pessoa RP

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18279267 – Bana Class – Research

Question 1a – Humanities

The current growing proportion of elderly people in the world has encouraged new design of built

eniron!ents to adapt to the global de!ographic change" understanding the social conse#uences of

this on society$ %any deeloped countries hae created strategies to !anage this situation through

eniron!ental design for the ageing population$ This essay will show that so!e current approaches

to create the design of built eniron!ents for elderly people" such as accessible buildings"

transportation and sidewal&s" based on the concept of 'ageing in place(" hae been #uite effectie in

deeloped countries" in particular" the )nited *tates and +ustralia$ ,astly" this essay will focus on

further steps that could be ta&en to i!proe the sustainability of these facilities" such as pro!oting

urban design with -oning and infrastructure adapts" along with the adoption of effectie policies to

support those approaches$

.ue to the growing proportion of the aging population" the concept of 'ageing in place( has been

used to base other eniron!ental i!proe!ents for elderly people$ /n the last years the trend of

'ageing in place( which refers to people liing and ageing in their co!!unities or ho!es with their

fa!ily !e!bers to ta&e care the! has been raised 0en +nderson" 231245 0arrelly" 23145

0.urrett "23394$ Because of this" en and +nderson 023124 argue that it is necessary to adopt design

eniron!ents" deeloping good design of sidewal&s" accessible buildings" par&s and transportation

where seniors lie to support the safety" !obility and wellbeing of the elderly population as long as

possible for they feel confident and co!fortable$ %oreoer" houses !ust hae architectural features

adapted to aging people daily needs 0arrelly" 2314$ n addition" because of this trend of 'ageing in

place(" so!e policies hae been created" such as The ational :reention *trategy in the )nited

*tates" which focuses on health and safe through eniron!ent supporting for older people in aging

in place and gie assistance to the! contributing to their !ental and e!otional health 0en

+nderson" 2312$ Considering the idea of 'ageing in place( to support the co!!unity as it grows

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older" !a&ing ho!es accessible and encourage social inclusion of seniors is an i!portant issue to

ta&e with" because" according to arrelly 02314" it is a responsibility of society to proide solutions

for aging people$ Thus" the concept of 'ageing in place( has been considered an effectie trend

which has leading the creation of design strategies to support the older adults who want age in their

houses or their neighborhood$

/ne e;a!ple of conte!porary architectural approach for elderly people in deeloped countries hae

been to pro!ote accessible buildings$ *olutions in residential design hae included !ore fle;ible

open space" ra!ps" lifts" first<floor bedroo!s" slip<resistant flooring and leer<based handles

0arrelly" 2314$ urther!ore" as ,ehning 023114 states" !any architectural features hae been

re#uired by goern!ents in the )nited *tates through federal policies related to housing" created to

i!proe the sustainability of these facilities" such as the air =ousing +!end!ents of 1988" which

include accessible features" for e;a!ple" wide entrances and interior doors" accessible light

switches$ urther!ore" adopting these !easures" according to ,ehning 023114" incorporating

accessibility features in houses" can cause posities effects in elderly people and !ay be associated

with a lower ris& of health proble!s" slower decline independence and reduced health care costs$

The !ain proposal of these eniron!ental approaches for older people is associated with physical

and social functioning reasons$ +s a conse#uence of the elderly daily needs is i!portant to address

these physical facilities to i!proe the infrastructure in buildings to gie the! support and to

pro!ote the sustainability of these facilities$ n brief" current building designs for housing hae

been enhanced in deeloped countries" such as )nited *tates" where eniron!ental !easures for

adapting architectural features on house for elderly people lie hae been ta&en by the goern!ent

understanding that these approaches bring positie effects on older people heathy$

+nother positie strategy to i!proe the wal&ability of elderly people on streets is deeloping

accessible sidewal&s$ >en though the physical eniron!ent of !any cities in deeloped countries

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presents physical barriers to elder health that difficult their !obility" on the last years innoatie

policies and progra!s hae been raised up to contribute to elders wal&ability$ +s Rosenberg" =uang"

*i!onoich and Bel-a 0231?4 state" proble!s with sidewal& pae!ent" puddles" poor drainage" curb

ra!ps and narrow sidewal&s are considered eniron!ental barriers to older adults with !obility

disabilities$ +s a result of this" current strategies in aples" lorida 0)*+4 hae ai!ed the health

and !obility needs of older adults building sidewal&s through The >niron!ent :rotection +gency

that wor& for eniron!ent i!proe!ents in co!!unities to pro!ote accessibility of these facilities

for aging people 0@err" Rosenberg ran&" 23124$ .espite the eniron!ental barriers identified

that affect the !obility of older people" so!e approaches hae been ta&en to adapt the! for elderly

needs through adocacy initiaties in The )nited *tates$ n conclusion" accessible sidewal&s are

necessary to i!proe the wal&ability of older people and understand that eniron!ental barriers

should be oerco!e to achiee this approach with the aid of public support$

:ro!oting accessible transportation can be another essential design of built eniron!ent approach

for the ageing population$ This eniron!ent approach can affect positiely or negatiely the social

life of older people$ +s @err" Rosenberg and ran& 023124 e;plain" seniors can beco!e less social

because

of physical eniron!ents does not proide the! accessible wal&ing or accessible public

transportation$ +ccording to arrelly 02314" recent studies in Brisbane" +ustralia" indicate that the

period of ti!e that !any seniors spend wal&ing between ho!e and bus stop is directly associated to

the #uality of the pedestrian infrastructure and" as a conse#uence" it has discouraged older people

fro! using public transport in that city$ This is an eidence that eniron!ent i!proe!ents on

sidewal&s and other features which are related to elderly !obility on streets !ust be the first

enhance!ent to lin&ed it to accessible transportation$ By irtue of this" @err" Rosenberg and ran&

023124 adice that transit stops planned for older people use should be co!fortable places to sit"

including shelter fro! !oody weather" for e;a!ple$ /n the other hand" ,ehning 023114 shows that

in )nited *tates !ost of older has used car" with 7A as the drier and 18 as a passenger$ +s a

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conse#uence" in )$*$" policies and progra!s hae been created to gie support to older adults safely

operating their own ehicle" pro!oting approaches" such as i!proing the isibility of street signs

and si!plifying street intersections 0,ehning" 23114$ n su!!ary" senior !obility !ust be an

i!portant consideration for co!!unity design and it is associated to accessible transportation

which should be adapted to seniors co!fortable and i!proe!ents on streets features need to help

older adults drie safely$

.espite of current approaches to the design of built eniron!ents for the ageing population" it is

i!portant address the further steps to i!proe the sustainability of these facilities such as pro!oting

urban design with -oning and infrastructure adapts$ Conte!porary ideas for housing !ust include

the third age in this built eniron!ent process that has i!plications in a bigger scale as a

co!!unity$ +s ,ehning 023114 states" in the )nited *tates the co!!unity design that separates

residential and co!!ercial areas has been seen as a physical eniron!ent barrier because it has

li!ited accessible housing" transportation serices and" as a conse#uence" the ability to age in place$

n addition" the sa!e research !ade in )$*$ suggests so!e !easure that could be ta&en to enhance

the physical eniron!ents for aging population such as !i;ed use and wal&able neighborhoods"

!i;ed use and wal&able neighborhoods are related to increased physical actiities of their daily

liing 0,ehning" 23114$ +nother i!portant point that should be considered to plan further steps to

enhance architectural eniron!ents" according to =arootyan 019884" older persons are !ore li&ely

to lie in older ho!es built ?3 to 3 years ago" but these ho!es need to be eniron!ents features

adapted to beco!e safer for these people$ This last eidence can lead to a new #uestion related to

ageing population well<being" owing to the fact that those people !aybe prefer few eniron!ent

adances in their ho!es instead of houses with new or high technology architectural features$ n

su!!ary" the further steps to design built eniron!ents in a urban scale to increased physical

actiity" also architectural eniron!ent approaches for elderly people should consider social and

personal factors to pro!ote their welfare adapting their old houses to gie support to the!$

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+nother step that could be ta&en to i!proe the sustainability of these current eniron!ental

approaches for older people is adoption of effectie policies to support those approaches$ +ccording

to ,ehning 023114" a study !ade in the )nited *tates suggest that adocacy has been a successful

approach to foster the adoption of these facilities by city goern!ent and show in the sa!e surey

that effectie adocacy strategies hae had elderly citi-en participation" who has ai!ed i!portant

resolutions !a&ers within goern!ent focusing on city i!proe!ents for their aging residents$

Therefore" in the )nited *tates" innoatie policies hae raised up so!e further steps" such as

-oning and infrastructure adapts that could per!it older adults to lie on their co!!unity" deelop

an assort!ent of transportation and !obility options" and create a diersity of housing supports for

elderly people 0,ehning" 23114$ /n the last decades" national initiaties by so!e organi-ations in

the )$*$ hae achieed positie effects through plans such as Healthy People 2020 which has

assu!ed policy and eniron!ental results creating social and physical eniron!ents that gie

support to older adults well<being focusing on benefits of physical actiity of the! 0en

+nderson" 23124$ These goern!ent policies and effectie adocacy strategies on co!!unity can

support the sustainability of current approaches and new strategies to enhance the design of build

eniron!ents adapted for aging people$ urther!ore" adopting adocacy has see!ed an effectie

strategy to encourage city goern!ent pro!ote design eniron!ents innoations for elderly

benefits$ n short" adopting effectie public policies and adocacy related to eniron!ental

solutions for older people has been a positie !easure in cities of the )nited *tates" also these

strategies hae fostered elderly resident participation on i!portant decisions targeting oerco!e

current barriers to i!proe the sustainability of these facilities$

n conclusion" due to the conte!porary aging population" the challenge has been deeloped

approaches to the design of built eniron!ents for this growing ageing population and to find out

how to create and adapt eniron!ents to facilitate the wellbeing and positie health of the elderly

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persons$ /n the last years deeloped countries" such as +ustralia and )nited *tates hae created

so!e strategies to !anage this situation and they hae been adopted the concept of 'ageing in place(

to encourage new design eniron!ents" such as accessible buildings" sidewal&s and transportation

in neighborhoods to support their safety and !obility$ +lso solutions in residential design hae

included !ore fle;ible open space" ra!ps" lifts" first<floor bedroo!s" slip<resistant flooring and

leer<based handles$ +nother positie current strategy to i!proe the wal&ability of elderly people

on streets has been pro!oting accessible sidewal&s which !ust be the first enhance!ent to lin&ed it

to accessible transportation$ n addition" so!e !easures ta&en in )$*$ to enhance the physical

eniron!ents for aging population hae include !i;ed use and wal&able neighborhoods" !i;ed use

and wal&able neighborhoods$ %oreoer" so!e national initiaties in the )$*$ hae achieed positie

effects through so!e policies that hae created social and physical eniron!ents approaches to

pro!ote older adults well<being and benefits of physical actiity of the!$ %aybe" in the future"

!ore innoatie technologies facilities could be applied in buildings and urban features to !a&e

easier the elderly life$

Reference List

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.urrett" C$ 023394$ The senior cohousing handbook: A community approach to independent living $

ew *ociety :ublishers ew or&$

arrelly" ,orraine 0231 ). Designing or the Third Age: Architecture !edeined or a "eneration o

Active Agers AD$ =obo&en Diley$

=arootyan" R$ 019884$ !proing >niron!ental .esign Technologies for the >lderly$ American

#ehavioral $cientist " %&0A4" 637<61?$ ./ 13$1177E3332762883?133A313

@err" F$" Rosenberg" .$" ran&" ,$ 023124$ The role of the built eniron!ent in healthy aging

co!!unity design" physical actiity" and health a!ong older adults$ 'ournal o Planning

(iterature" 2 014" ?<63$ ./ 13$1177E388A122111A28?

,ehning" +$ F$ 023124$ City goern!ents and aging in place co!!unity design" transportation and

housing innoation adoption$ The "erontologist " *20?4" ?A<?A6$ ./ 13$139?EgerontEgnr389

Rosenberg" .$ >$" =uang" .$ ,$" *i!onoich" *$ .$" Bel-a" B$ 023124$ /utdoor built eniron!ent

barriers and facilitators to actiity a!ong !idlife and older adults with !obility disabilities$

The "erontologist " gns119$ ./ 13$139?EgerontEgns119

en" $ =$" +nderson" ,$ +$ 023124$ Built eniron!ent and !obility of older adults i!portant

policy and practice efforts$ 'ournal o the American "eriatrics $ociety" +00A4" 9A1<9A6$

./ 13$1111EG$1A?2<A1A$2312$3?99$;

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18279267 nayhara pessoa rp

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