Atividades – Filme: 12 anos de escravidão

“O tema da escravidão desperta a curiosidade de muitos alunos ao demonstrar um tipo de relação social muitas vezes afastada do mundo infanto-juvenil. Contudo o interesse nesse tema pode incorrer em uma série de questionamentos muitas vezes deixados de lado no decorrer do cotidiano escolar. Nesse sentido, um importante aspecto a ser discutido se refere às diferentes modalidades que podem ser contempladas nos mais diversos contextos históricos.”

Fonte: http://educador.brasilescola.com/estrategias-ensino/pensando-historicamente-problema-escravidao.htm

Proposta de cinema em sala de aula Filme: 12 anos de escravidão

12 anos de escravidão

Lançamento: 21 de fevereiro de 2014 (2h13min) Dirigido por: Steve McQueen (II)

Nacionalidade: EUA Censura no DVD: 14 anos

Fonte: http://www.belemcrentes.com.br/conteudo.php?idconteudo=1247

Trailer, sinopse e crítica

De acordo com o site Adoro Cinema, o ano é “1841. Solomon Northup (Chiwetel Ejiofor) é um

escravo liberto, que vive em paz ao lado da esposa e filhos. Um dia, após aceitar um trabalho que

o leva a outra cidade, ele é sequestrado e acorrentado. Vendido como se fosse um escravo,

Solomon precisa superar humilhações físicas e emocionais para sobreviver. Ao longo de doze

anos, ele passa por dois senhores, Ford (Benedict Cumberbatch) e Edwin Epps (Michael

Fassbender), que, cada um à sua maneira, exploram seus serviços.”

http://www.adorocinema.com/filmes/filme-196885/trailer-19537487/

Dica: Professor, sugere-se que você escolha aquelas questões que podem ser discutidas, antes

do filme, durante o filme e/ou depois do filme como uma atividade de interpretação de texto. Por

uma questão didática, todas foram colocadas juntas para a sua escolha.

Solomon foi raptado em Nova York e levado para ser escravo em outro estado dos Estados

Unidos que, naquela época, ainda não havia libertado os negros de origem africana do trabalho

forçado. A libertação dos escravos nos Estados Unidos aconteceu de forma gradual. Em alguns

estados, ela demorou para acontecer e negros que já tinham sua liberdade muitas vezes eram

raptados e vendidos para senhores de terra ao sul.

QUESTÃO 01

Como a família de Solomon se vestia? Depois de sequestrado para ser vendido, como passaram

a se vestir? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 02

Ao chegarem à cidade para onde foram levados, como foram vendidos? Todos estavam

vestidos? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 03

a- Em um momento, Solomon lembra que, em determinada situação, também foi omisso com

outro negro que entrou em uma loja. Como foi?

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b- Como foram tratados, quando chegaram à fazenda como escravos? Em que trabalhavam? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 04

Solomon era um músico talentoso e acreditava que, servindo da melhor forma possível ao seu

escravizador, poderia, então, sobreviver. Todos pensavam assim? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 05

Em determinado momento, Solomon chicoteou e bateu no capataz que queria fazer o mesmo

com ele. Quais foram as consequências desse ato para Solomon? E para o capataz? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 06

Em vários momentos do filme, os negros foram violentados e os outros que estavam na fazenda

nada fizeram para ajudar. Em sua opinião, isso mostra um posicionamento do enunciador do

filme? Qual? Como? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 07

Produza um pequeno texto, posicionando-se diante das seguintes questões: o primeiro

escravizador de Solomon era um homem bom na perspectiva deste escravo? E na perspectiva da

mulher que foi separada dos filhos? E, na sua perspectiva, existiu escravizador bom? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 08

A perversa moléstia e a depauperação da dignidade humana pelas quais os negros passavam

naquela região e em várias outras no mundo revelavam também uma falta de dignidade branca

sob outra perspectiva. Que consequências da libertação dos escravos decorreram para a

sociedade americana? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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As imagens a seguir são muito fortes. Observe, reflita e responda a seguir.

4 DE SETEMBRO DE 1957. Little Rock, Arkansas, Estados Unidos. A estudante negra Elizabeth

Eckford é agredida, ao ir ao colégio depois que a Suprema Corte decretou o fim da

SEGREGAÇÃO RACIAL na Educação.

http://fortium.edu.br/blog/arquimedes_paiva/page/2/

No dia 4 de setembro de 1957, Dorothy Counts tivera o seu primeiro dia de aula na Universidade de Harry Harding, na Carolina do Norte (EUA). Ela foi a primeira estudante negra admitida numa escola pública americana (de brancos), e, assim sendo, tal ato de enorme coragem desafiara toda uma mentalidade mesquinha e atrasada de muitos dos habitantes da Carolina do Norte. Acompanhada de seu pai, Dorothy (aos 15 anos de idade) foi fotografada pela imprensa (foto de Douglas Martin) que testemunhou a violência que eclodiu naquele período. Embora a constituição garantisse direitos iguais, tal prática não era plenamente exercida na realidade. A esposa de John Z. Warlickthe (líder do “Conselho de cidadãos brancos”) instigou os garotos para manterem-na fora da escola e também pediu às moças para cuspirem nela. Todavia, com todas estas barreiras, Dorothy se manteve firme e calma, caminhando sem reagir diante da multidão que a seguia.

http://eternacrianca-gi.blogspot.com.br/2012/04/dorothy-counts-primeira-estudante-negra.html

QUESTÃO 09

Essas imagens são antigas, mas essas ações ainda são atuais? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 10

Qual a importância de filmes como esse de libertação dos escravos ou filmes sobre o holocausto

para o imaginário das sociedades modernas? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 11

Produza dois pequenos textos, narrando as duas cenas anteriores, tentando descrever todo o

sentimento das estudantes em questão e de tantas outras que as sucederam.

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QUESTÃO 12

A senhora que escravizou Solomon em sua segunda fazenda era boa para os negros que

estavam presos lá? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 13

Por que os negros não fugiam? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 14

Onde os escravos dormiam? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 15

No meio da noite, Solomon foi surpreendido por um pedido terrível de sua companheira de sela.

Que pedido foi esse? Ele aceitou? Quais foram as consequências? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 16

Os brancos acreditavam que estavam fazendo certo, ao escravizar os negros. Como é possível

provar isso com elementos da história no filme? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 17

Havia dor de consciência nos brancos por escravizar os negros? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 18

Solomon sabia ler e escrever? Ele anunciava suas habilidades para os senhores de escravos? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 19

Em vários momentos do filme, havia música e dança na casa dos brancos escravizadores. A que

dança brasileira se assemelhava no momento festivo do filme? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 20

Solomon despertava muita inveja em alguns capatazes. Por que isso acontecia? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 21

Na fazenda, o que acontecia com quem não colhia o tanto suficiente na lavoura? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 22

Produza um pequeno texto, respondendo: Na sociedade escravagista, é possível relacionar

dinheiro, consciência e liberdade? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 23

Solomon sabia escrever e tentou enviar uma carta. Para quem tentou enviá-la? ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 24

Apenas ao final, uma carta o salvou. Ele a escreveu? Explique. ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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QUESTÃO 25

Ouça a música do filme, a seguir, e posteriormente produza um pequeno texto, respondendo a

questão: Apesar de todo o sofrimento, os negros escravizados perderam a fé? Como isso é

mostrado no filme?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAZhQQN758g

Roll Jordan Roll

Roll Jordan Roll, roll Jordan, roll

I want to go to heaven when I die To hear Jordan roll (roll, roll, roll) 2x

Now brother, you ought to been there Yes, my Lord

A sitting in the kingdom To hear Jordan

Coro 1: Well, roll Jordan, roll (roll Jordan)

Roll Jordan, roll (roll Jordan, roll Jordan) I want to go to heaven when I die

Roll Jordan, roll

Well my mother, you ought to been there Mother, you ought to been there

My mother, you ought to been there Roll, Jordan roll

Oh you can see it roll, better roll, better roll (roll Jordan, roll Jordan) Roll Jordan, roll (roll Jordan, roll Jordan)

I want to go to heaven when I die Roll Jordan, roll

Well my mother, you ought to been there (oh yes) Mother, you ought to been there

My mother, you ought to been there Roll, Jordan roll

Coro 2: Oh you can see it roll, better roll, better roll (roll Jordan, roll Jordan)

Rollover Jordan, roll (roll Jordan, roll Jordan) I want to go to heaven when I die

Roll Jordan, roll

Well my sister, you ought to been there now Sister, you ought to been there

My sister, you ought to been there Roll, Jordan roll

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