# 24. - nplgdspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/13697/1/iveria_2011_n24.pdf24 iveria 5 yurznis,...
TRANSCRIPT
xelis mowera: tfiliss, `iveriis~ redaqciaSi, mTawmindis quCaze, Sioevis saxlebis zemod. #5 quTaiss, anton lorTqifaniZis biblioTekaSi.
sapolitiko da saliteraturo gazeTi.
# 24.
gamodis xuTSabaTobiT
!*&& o8weliwadi
pirveli
`iveriis~ fasi 1877 wels.aTi Tvisa, gagzavniT da gaugzavnelad . . . 6 man. -TiTo nomeri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 15 kap.
Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs, redaqcia gaasworebs da Seamoklebs dasabeWdaT gamogzavnil werilebs.
gancxadeba miiReba qarTulsa da rusuls enaze.
fasi 1 lari
11 agvist.
saZiebeli: I. saqarTvelos matiane._ II
omis ambebi._III. sapolitiko mimoxilva._IV
mgzavris werilebi svaneTzed (Semdegi)._V.
brZola romis dasapyroblad (Semdegi)_VII.
gazeTebidgan amokrefili ambebi.
msurvelT SeuZlianT moiTxovon `iveria~
pirvelis mariamobisTvidam pirvels momava ls
ianvramde. fasi am xuTis Tvisa sami maneTia.
saqarTvelos matiane
_ agvistos pirvels dReebSi qalaqSi movida
ruseTidam Renerali Cerniaevi, romelic
SarSan serbiaSi mTavar sardlad iyo serbiis
mxedrobisa. qalaqSi amas sadili gaukeTes. 6-s
agvis-Renerali Cerniaevi kurukdaras wavida._ 8 agvistos Rame golovinis praspektzed
waekida cecxli Sioevis saxlebs da duqnebs da
TiTqmis sul gadiwva. SesaniSnavia, rom `paJarni
kamanda~ gvian movida da mosvlis Semdegac ise
ver gaisarja, rogorc gaWireba moiTxovda. 9-s
agvistos cecxli kidev iyo imodenad, rom zogan
alic amodioda.
`iveriis~ korrespondenciebi.
surami. didi moZraoba axla Cven suramSi. ise
ireva xalxi, ise mRelvarebs, rom ZaRli patrons
ver poulobs. ra juris da jinSis adamians ar
naxavT aqa?
saca gaivli, yovel fexis wadgmaze
dagvxvdebian: samxedro heqimebi, wiTel jvriani
qalebi, mosulni moskovidam daWrilebis
mosavlelaT, bluziani iqaurive axalgazda da
sxva xnis kacebi, sazafxulod mosulebi da fer-
wasulni SimSilisagan, fexT SiSveli, godreb
akidebuli berZnis qalebi da sxva ar vici vina...
aq rom keTdeboda ficrulebi daWrilebisaTvis
didi xania mzaT aris da Sig kidec ikurnebian
brZolis velze daWrilebi. aq suramSi ori rigi
saavaTmyofebi aris. erTia gamarTuli moskovis
aznaurebis xarjiTa, meore samTavro xarjiT.
Senobebi aqvT ficrebisa. Sinagani ganwyobileba
da avaTmyofebis movla pirvelisa Cinebulia.
avaTmyofebi Zalian pativSi hyavsT. moiyvanes
isini Tu ara, maSinve tanT gamoucvales, Semoses
sufTa da kargis perangebiT da Caawvines rkinis
sareclebSi, romelnic morTulni arian rbilisa
da fafukis baliSebiT da leibebiT. moskovis
sajanmrTelo sazogadoebis saavaTmyofo
Sesdgeba samis ficrulisa da oris karavisagan,
romlebSiac am Jamad ikurnebian as-aT kacamdisin;
i v er i a2 # 24.
oc-da-aTi kaci srulebiT gamTeldnen, xuTni_
daixocnen. ors samTavro saavaTmyofoebSi,
me 31 da 34 ikurnebian as samoc kacamdisin. am
ukanasknelis ganwyobilebaze veras mogaxsenebT,
radgan didi xani ar aris rac daarsebulia da jer
arc ki vyofilvar iqa.
am Tvis 26-sa maTma umaRlesobam kavkasiis
mTavar sardlis meuRlem didma kneinama inaxula
aqauri saavaT-myofoebi. rogorc gavigeT madli
ubZanebiaT am saavaTmyofebis gamgebelis _
SeremetievisaTvis.
am Tvis 23-sa movida suramSi somxebis
arxiepiskoposi aivazovski. suramelebma didi
ambiT da zarebis rekiT Seiyvanes saydarSi,
sadac iman suramelebs gaduxada madli aqauris
saswavlebelis kargaT win wayvanisaTvis. `me
didis siamovnebiT wavikiTxe gazeTSi mSak Tqven
saswavlebelze qeba da imaze ro aq suramSi
keTdeba saswavlebelisaTvisa saxelebi; didaT
visiamovne da ager gixdiT sakuTar Cems guliTaT
madlobas da imedi maqvs, momavalSiac ukeT
ecdebiT am saganze Tqvenda sasargebloT da
Cvenis somxebis winaparebis gasaxareblaT,~
sTqva arxiepiskoposma mcire locvis Semdeg._
magram Cveni qarTvelebi am saganze e. i.
saswavlebelze yurebsac ar ibertyen, Tumca ki
romel glexTanac imaze baas daviwyobT, gvesmis:
,,an, rodis iqmneba CvenTvis is bednieri dRe, ro
magaze gvipatronos vinmemo, magram sad aris
patronio. ...
s. bavreli.
kasp da graklis xid Sua, dabla mtkvris piras,
aris orasi dRiuri urwyavi miwa, romelic ekuTvnis
amilaxvrianT da romelsac aSinaurs eZaxian. am
miwebs sof. grakalSi mcxovreblebi xvnen xolme.
am miwebSi wreul mSvenieri yanebi mdgara, ise rom
simaRliT, kacs welamdin moadgeboda. mTeli
zafxuli SviliviT Sescqerodnen ubeduri glex-
kacebi, radganac yvela naklulevanebis dafarvas,
da gabRinZulis muclianebis dakmayofilebas
sul am mosavalidam moelodnen. magram mkaTaTvis
6-s erTi imaTeburive glex-kaci yanebSi saWmels
xarSamda, da uecraT naperwkali gadavarda, da
moedo cecxli iq dadgmul sameulebs, da Tumca
namdvilaT ar vici magram sakmaoT ki daewyoT
momkilebi. ubedurebi ras moifiqrebdnen, rom
mzaT momkils, am gvari ubedureba ewvevaT. Tqveni
mteri iyos rac glexebs dRe daemarTaT, imodena
amagze, da Winaxulze carielebi darCnen. axla
gamoZieba aris daniSnuli Tu rogor gadaiwo. aba
es glexi ZalaT xom ar daswvamda?
ase mogaxseneben oci dRisa momkuli yana
daiwovo.
qvemo qarTlidam. wreul aqeTken Zriel
kargi mosavalia purisa. TiTon glex-kacebi
amboben rom karga xania amisTana mosavalsa
ara vRirsebivarTo. TiTo patara kalodam
eqvsi Svidi tomara kargi puri adis, magram ra
gamovida, patrons mesamedic ara rCeba Tavis
nawom-nadagisa. im sicxe papanaqebaSi, rodesac
adamiani saxlSiac ki iwvis sicxiT, im dros
glex kaci mTeli dRe waxrili mkis da Camosdis
sacodavs wurwuriT ofli; da Tu erTi bewo
niavi dahberavs im dros, maSin glex-kacs ase
hgonia exla davibadeo. erTi kacma Tqvas risTvis
an visTvis? maTTvis vinc mxarTeZozed aris
wamowolili, da roca mosavlis dro mova da
mza-mzareulaT waiRebs mis mesamed naSromsa.
TiTqo glex-kaczed bevrs ara vina Sromobs, da
risagan aris rom igi yvelazed ufro sawyalia.
es mkiTxvelmac kargaT icis risaganac aris. maT
Znebs ro Sexedos kacma, TiTqo ityvis kaci, ra
uWirT amodena puri mosvliaT, rom or weliwads
kargaT eyofao. magram ager dauwyes purs lewva
da kalosac Semoxvevian poRosa da mikirtumebi
TavianTis uSvelebelis CanaxiTa, aRarc ki
aclian sawylebs, rom mSvidobianad galewon.
aba raRa guli eqnebaT, rodesac uyureben,
rom jer naxevari arc ki gaulewiaT, da cru
movaleebi ki swewen pursa. erTi kacma hkiTxoT im
urjuloebs, ra Sroma gauweviaT am mosavalzed,
i v er i a# 24. 3
rom amodena CanaxiT iwyven pursa da unaxevreben
nawom-nadagsa. raRaca xuTi maneTi miuciaT
glex-kacisaTvis da imaSi exla xuTi kodi puri
miaqvT. ai ase usamarTloT miaqvT glex-kacis
cxovreba. meti ra Rone gvaqvs rom ar mivceTo,
ase ambobdnen sawylebi, Cven yovelTvis fuli ara
gvaqvs da iZulebuli varT rom nisiaT aviRoTo.
garda amisa mTeli sof. xidisTavis venaxebi
TiTqmis gorelebs ekuTvnis, zogi giraos
weriliT da zogi sakuTrebiT, da mometebuli
nawili Rvinis mosavlisa mogiravnebs miaqvT,
samoc Tumnis sargebelSi ormoci koka Rvino
miaqvT, romelic koka ukanaskneli rva maneTaT
Rirs. erTi am gvarTagani vaWari cxovrobs
gorsa, romlisaganac mTel xidisTavis glex-
kacebs tyavi aqvT amZvrali. ase gasinjeT Tavis
biZasac ki ar indobs gasayvlefaT. am uRmerTo
kacs usesxebia Tavis biZisaTvis, romelic
xidisTavis glexia, oci Tumani da sam Tu oTx
weliwadSi ormoci Tumani gauxdia. yovel
eqvs Tves sargebeli uangariSnia da Tavnzed
misula, amaobaSi ormoci Tumani Seudgenia,
mere imisTana uwyalo Raribi colSvili
darCenia Tavis sikvdilis Semdeg am kacs, da
mainc kidev exlac sargebels erTi oraT arTmevs
da ise awiokebs amodena qulfaTs, rom amaTi
codviT vin ar Sewuxdeba. im urjulos ki qvis
guli aqvs sworeT. ai am gvari kacebis xelSi
arian Cacvivnulni zogierTa xidisTavelebi. am
sawylebs zed saqonlis Turqulic daerToT da
zogma lewva Seayena. saSineli uwvimobac aris
aqeT, foTols rom SexedoT ase SemWknaria, rom
sworeT Semodgomis foTolsa hgavs.
qvemo qarTleli qali.
20-s ivliss.
quTaisi._gvalva, Walebis sruliad amowva
mudmiv sicxeebisagan, vazis avaTmyofoba,
pirutyvis TurquliT da adamianTa mucelaTi. . .
. . . . . . . ...ai ras moeswro am Jamad imereTi, guria
da samegrelo!....
yvelaferi gvatyobinebs rom axlo momavalSi
aucileblaT mogvelis SimSili, magram vin gvyavs
mSveleli? CvenSi xom iosebni ver gamoCndebian,
rom SarSandelis uxvis mosavlisagan xalxisTvin
sakmao sakvebavi gadasdvan...sad qarTvelebi da
sad iosebni! CvenSi_luarsabi da darejani_ai es
kargaT mesmis ..
mazris ufrosni, TavianT moxeleebTagan
Semdgar amaliT da mamasaxlisni sruliadac ar
swuxan rom xalxi gaWirvebulia da fiqraTac ar
mosdiT rom Turquls da mucelas mainc mouspon
gza; Tavad-aznaurobis da glexebis karga bloma
nawili omSia, da vinc ojaxobaSi darCenilan
sakvirvelis gul-grilobiT Sescqerian Zriel
cuds awmyos da ufro glaxas myoobadsa....
imdeni sikeTe me da Sen mkiTxvelo, ramdenic
baTmani puris fqvili, Wadis fqvili, anu simindi,
Romi da sxvani adamianis arsebiTni sakvebavi
gaiyida da iyidebeba, marTali rom vsTqvaT karg
fassac viRebT (Cvenis WkuiT), magram SimSili
rom karzed mogvadgeba fuli ras gviSvelis?
Cven xom imisTana qveyanaSi ara varT, sadac samas
oTxas versidgan or sam dRes moaqvT saqoneli....
qiziyi mainc ar gaxsovT?..
naTqvamia: glexis gaCenaSi RmerTi ar reviao,
magram ufro marTalia, rom qarTvelis gaCenaSi
ar revia RmerTi.....
rogorc viciT 30 mosaxle qobuleTlebi
sxva da sxva mizezebis gamo iZulebulni iyvnen
gardmosaxlebuliyvnen ozurgeTis mazraSi;
mmarTebloba amaT kacis Tavze abazs aZlevs
dReSi, magram mogexsenebaT ra siZvirea am JamaT
yovelgan da gansakuTrebiT guriaSi....axla
warmoidgineT maTi mdgomareoba: am abaziT Wamon
Tu svan, daixuron Tu Caicvan?...sworeT sacodav
mdgomareobaSi arian ubedurni: dafxrewilis
tanisamosiT, Zalian xSiraT mucel carielni,
da dabebrebulis xelebiT, romelnic amtkiceben
rom maTni patroni sruliadac ar yofilan
sxvis anabarad, anu tyuilad mWamelni, xan da
xan gaiseirneben xolme sofel sofel, da visac
i v er i a4 # 24.
Sexedven TiTqo TvalebiT eubnebian: gana Sen
qarTveli ara xar? Tu ho, ratom samuSavos ar
miSovi?....
aq unda mogaxsenoT rom igini sruliad marto
xelni gardmosaxldnen....
raRa gavagrZelo? erTi sityviT maTi
mdgomareoba Zriel Sesacodebelia, da amitomac
Zriel samadlo saqmes izams pativcemuli
`iveria~, rom maT sasargebloT xelis moweras
gamarTavdes.
imereTi._quTaisis qvemoT soflebSi Zlier
gaxSirebulia mucela, wiTela da zogan yelis
tkivilica, saxeldobr, maRlakSi, gubSi,
kuxSi, jixaiSSi, xonSi, kulaSSi da sxv. zogs
samive erTad emarTeba mucela, wiTela da yelis
tkivili. dRe erTia da ors sams mkvdars marxaven.
erTic senia gaxSirebuli ̀ TaTris Wirs~ eZaxi-
an CvenSi. imiTi avaT myofi mucelSi faRaraTia
da tanzed Savad, anu TeTrad damuwukebulia Savi
muwukebi avaTmyofis sikvdilis niSania. zogni
am senSi Seamxanagebuls mucelas da wiTelas xedven. jer amis metad ar momxdara, rom es ori `batonebi~ Seamxanagebuliyvnen.
imereTSi sazogadod puris mosavali agreTi jer ar yofila; yurZeni Zlier danacra da simindis mosavali ki dids imeds iZleva.
Telavi_`iveriis~ me-16 numerSi iyo mo-xsenebuli, rom Telavis blaRoCini (solomon firanovi) daemuqra masTan mobaase Tavads (aleqsandre vaxvaxovs,) rom momrigebels mosamarTlesTan giCivlebo. marTlac aRasrula firanovma Tavisi muqara; magram saubedurod Tavisive gasamtyuneblad. am saqmis ganxilva iyo daniSnuli 18 ivniss. momrigebelis mo-samarTlis gardawyvetilebidgan sCans Semdgomi. firanovs Tavis gancxadebaSi cameti mowame hyolia naCvenebi Tavis Tavis gasamarTleblad. Svidi amaTgani aCvenebs, rom 22 maiss Semovida ekklesiaSi blaRoCini da dauwyo trapezs qceva Tavisis joxiT. am dros Semovida a. vaxvaxovic da soflel glexebis TxovniT, hkiTxa firanovs:
ratom aqamdis ekklesias kankeli ara aqvs
gakeTebuli, rodesac amisaTvis fuli karga
xania miRebuli gqoniaT? (blaRoCins es 170
m. ekklesiis fuli namdvilad gamoutania,
eqsarxosis nebarTviT, prikazidam kankelis
gasakeTeblad, magram, rogorc amboben, Tavis
saWiroebisaTvis dauxarjavs). firanovi am
kiTxvazed gajavrebula da Seuferebeli sityvebiT
uTqvams a. vaxvaxovisaTvis karSi gasvla. es
maSinve gamosula; arc damuqrebia blaRoCins da
arc naTloba usrulebia mRvdels am dros, Tumca
ki blaRoCini quCebzed da Tavis gancxadebaSi
amasaca Cioda.
oTxi mowame aCvenebs, rom imaT naxes
gajavrebul saxezed a. vaxvaxovi da sxva ara
SeuniSnavT ra imisTana, rasac blaRoCini swers
Tavis gancxadebaSi. SesaniSnia Cveneba danaSTenis
oris mowamis mRvdlis dimitri xaritonovis
da mTavris (дьяконъ) ivane maisuraZisa. saqmis
garemoeba amaTac TiTqmis iseve uCvenebiaT,
rogorc sxva mowmebs, magram im kiTxvaSi ki, Tu
Cxubis dros naTlisReba sruldeboda ekklesiaSi
Tu ara, mRvdelma aCvena, rom firanovs da
vaxvaxovs baasi mouvidaT naTlobis Semdeg,
xolo mTavarma aCvena, rom Cxubis dros ymawvils
naTlamdneno.
momrigebelma mosamarTlem, rasakvirvelia,
gaamarTla Tavadi vaxvaxovi, romelsac
blaRoCini abralebda Seuracxyofas da keTil
mowiwebis darRvevas ekklesiaSi naTlisRebis
saidumlos aRsrulebis dros.
amboben, rom a. vaxvaxovs saCivari Seaqvs
arqierTan blaRoCins firanovzed da mis mTavar
i. maisuraZezed, pirvelidgan iTxovs Tavis
Seuracxebis gardaxdas, xolo meoris dasjas,
rogorc ficis gardamxdomlisas.
raWa 30 ivliss._orjel mainc davapire
werilis gamogzavna, magram davbrkoldebodi
xolme sxva da sxva mizezebiT. rogorc amas
wineT gwerdiT raWaSi puri movida uxvad.
Rvinoc kargi unda movides da dabali xarisxis
i v er i a# 24. 5
yurZnis, romelsac uwodeben aleSas, imisi
ki ra mogaxsenoT. ukanasknel kvireebSi rom
gvalva gvaqvs, es Tu uSvelis Torem imedi
davkargeT. nacarma dasZlia. gvalvam metad avno
simindebsac. rom wina wlebSidac glaxa mosavali
ar xsovnebodeT simindisa, purs amodenas ar
dasTesden da didi zarali mogvecemoda. magram
daSinebulma glex-kacebma puri bevrad meti
dasTeses da arc izarales. 27 am ivlisis Tves iyo
miwis Zvra daba ons da maxloblad missa. miwis
Zvra iyo imdenaT sagrZnobeli, rom stolidam
zogierT ojaxebSi, staqnebi gadmoyara. am saganze
ufro vrclad mogwerT. exla minda mivaqcio
yuradReba erTs saintereso sagans: ukanasknel
dros raWis uezdis zogierT soflebSi ismis xma,
rom yalbi ocdaxuTiani maneTebs asaRebeno da Tu
policiam saCqarod ar miiRo saidumloT zomebi,
amiT didi zarali miecema umecar glexebsac.
amboben rom es bileTebi metad uxeiroT arin
nakeTebio da cotaodeni azri Tu aqvs kacs,
Zaliam advilad Seatyobso. es bileTebi moaqvT
qalaqida- e. i. Tbilisidam gasasaReblad.
ramdoni iyo dawerili droebaSi da sxv. qvemo
raWaSi xidis uqonelobaze, maSin, rodesac zemo
raWaSi Svidi xidi iTvleba, magram visganac
es damokidebulia yursac ar apartyuneben. ra
gveSveleba? bugeulis xidi, romelic gagvikeTa
netar xsenebulma uCastkis naCalnikma abulaZem,
imdonaT mkvidri naxelovani gamodga, rom
mesame weliwadsave Caingra da mas aqeT eqvsma
weliwadma gaiara aravin gvyavs kaci, patroni
mis ganaxlebaze izrunos. kurtnebi isev magrebi
aqvs da amitom SedarebiT bevric ar dasWirdeba.
yovel dRe ismis Civili gaRmarTelebis da
gamoRmarTelebis. gadagvaxdevieT, ramodenic
gsurT, oRond gagvikeTeT xidio, nu gvaxCobTo.
am eqvsis wlis ganmavalobaSi Svidi kaci meti
daixCo. iqneba Tqven mainc gviCvenoT gza, ra gzas
davadgeT, rom mTavrobis yuradReba mivaqcioT am
sagans. am xidis saWiroeba Seiqna sagrZnobelad;
umetesad maSin, rodesac daiwyo moqmedeba xvanWas
amxanagobam, sadac bevri gaRma soflebis raWis,
bugeulis, Savris da sxva. mcxovrebni Semoviden
amxanagebad da amisaTvis navebi gaaCines.
raodenaT saSiSaria am navebiT mgzavroba,
amas cxadaT vxedavT im garemoebidam, romelic
awerili `droebaSi.~ rva Tu xuTi kaci apirebda
dabrunebas Tav Tavis saxlebSi amxanagobidam
wasulni. navi gadubrundaT da Cacvivden wyalSi.
mxolod gangebam gadaarCina daxCobisagan.
amasve unda movelodeT SemdegSidac. zogi Semdeg.
quTaisi, agvistos 1. metad gaWirebuli
mdgomareobaa dRes imereTSi. gangebam ar
gvakmara omianoba da yovel gvari mwuxareba
rac iqidgan warmosdgeba _ zed sxva ubedurebac
daumata. gvalvis SiSi mainc imereTSi araodes
ar yofila, Tu mTaSi ar movidoda mosavali
gvalvis mizeziT, barSi mainc sakmaod movidoda,
radgan aq bari vake adgilebi isec namiania da
zed cis cvaric rom daecemoda, _ romelic ase
uxvad icis aq gvalvis dros mowmendil RameebSi, _ wvima TiTqmis bevrad saWiro aRarc ki iyo.
magram zogierTi Zvelis kacebis samduravis
ar iyos, camac ki agvarida Tavis mowyale piri:
es erTi Tvea wvima xom ar aris da ara; da cvari
wveTic ar Camovardnila damsqdar, dadagul
dedamiwazed. raRac sakvirvelis gangebis
ZaliT dRe yovelTvis mowmendilia da Rame ki
Rrubliani; yovel dRe rogorc mosaRamurdeba
da Savi zRvidgan wamoiwevian SavSavi Rrublebi
da kidis kidamdis erTianad mohfenen cis kamaras;
atydeba erTi Weqa-quxili; _ muSa kaci wvimis
moimede xel-aRpyrobiT RmerTs madlobasa
hwiravs, magram sul tyuili imedebi gamodis, _
verc wvimis Rirsi SeviqeniT da cvaric tyuila
ubralod gvekargeba. madloba RmerTs kidev
puris mosavali mainc ar iyo urigo, magram,
rogorc mogexsenebaT, puri ise bevri ar iTeseba
imereTSi. bevrad ufro momatebuli iTeseba
simindi, romelsac dRes ase didi gansacdeli
adgia wina.
mkiTxvelma unda icodes, rom rac ingliselebi
Cvenis qveynidgan simindis gatanas Seudgnen,
i v er i a6 # 24.
imis Tesvac Zriel gaxSirda, da imerlebma am
ukanasknel aT-TxuTmet weliwadSi cota weli Tu
gaimagres da ramdenic aris RonisZieba moipoves _
isev simindis wyalobiT, Torem sxva Cvenis naqebis
`simdidreebiT~ _ xe-tyiTa, madneulobiTa, Tu
sxva am gvarebiTa, jer-jerobiT ara gamovida
ra, radgan Cven mezobel qveynebs imaTi gatana da
moxmareba jer ver mouxerxebiaT da ucxo qveynebi
ki metad daSorebulad gvyvanan.
meore aqauri samwuxaro ambavi gaxlavs
metad gaZlierebuli mucela. es sneuleba
erTi im saSiSar WirTagania, romelsac aq ase
moswrebilad eZaxian `batonebad~. batonebi
sazogadoT Wirveuli brZandebian da wrevandeli
mucela xom gardametebuli raRac darCa. mTels vake imereTs da samegrelos ise mohsdebia, rom ara Tu sofeli, TiTqmis ojaxic ar aris Turme, sadac am sneulebiT vinme waqceuli ar iyos; sikvdili Zriel gaxSirebulia; ismis mudarebis xma....Sembralebeli arvin aris; zarbaznebis quxilisagan viRas ra esmis! soflis kaci yovelTvis moklebuli iyo yovel gvar nugeSsa da kacTmoyvareobasa, magram dRes rom is
Sewuxebulia _ zomaze metia.mesame samwuxaro ambavi....magram amisTana
ambvebs Tu movhyevi Zalian Sors wava. sjobs sabolaod _ Pour la bonne bouche erTi ram sasiamovnoc SegatyobinoT. sasiamovnoc es gaxlavs: Tumca quTaisSi iseTi gulis gamawvrilebeli da Tavis mombezrebeli cxovrebaa, rom quTaTurebs didi xania unda CamoexrCoT Tavi, magram jer RvTis mowyalebiYT qve arian mSvidobiT da kargad!
o m i s a m b e b i .
_ wasruRs kviras saomars velzed
araviTari SesaniSnavi ambavi ara momxdara
ra, garda wvrilmanis Setakebisa. plevnis
aReba rusis jaris mier ar gamarTlda.
rac Seexeba aziis saomars velsa, aq izmail
faSis mxedroba (40 batalioni qveviTi jari
da 55 zarbazani da mravali cxenosani)
Tavs iyris misaenis xeobaSi. 27 mkaTaTves
Cvens jars muxTar faSis mowinave jari
Sexvedria, mciredi srola hqoniaT, osmalo
oci mouklavT, Cvenebi ori mkvdaria da ori
daWrili.
1 mariamobisTves osmalos jari Cvens
qobuleTis gunds dahscemia, Cvenebs osmalebi
aCquas iqiT gauyriaT. am omSi Cvenebi
mouklavT 23 da dauWriaT 38 kaci.
gazeTs rusu dabeWdilia Semdegi
telegramma:
kiuruk-dara, 6 agvistos. baSkadikliaris
banaki xuTs verstzed win wadga da daiWira
uwindeli osmaloTa nabanakevi. 8 saaTzed
diliT Renerali develi ieriSiT mivida
inaxtefesis simagrezed, saca osmalebis
memarjvene jaria. osmaloebma swrafad aSales
Tavisis cxenosanis jaris banaki da wavidnen.
Suaguls mihmarTa Reneral geimanma, aiRo
subatani da gandevna osmalo hajivalidam
da bulanadam. memarcxene jars osmalosas
mihmarTa Reneralma kamarovma, gandevna igini
iaRnis mTidam da vizinkenamde sdia da didi
zarali miayena. saRamos oTxs saaTzed Cveni
jari kiulverens movida da mwuxrsa Tavis
banakSi dabrunda. naomars adgilebzed
Cvenebma mowinave jaris banaki gaikeTes.
Cveni zarali jer namdvilad cnobaSi ar
aris moyvanili; ormoc-da-aTamde mkvdari
iqneba da oras ormocamde daWrili.
mzveravTa sityviT, osmalos aTas xuTas
kacamde dahzaralebia.
_ imave gazeTSi dabeWdilia Semdegi
telegramma: kiurukdara 8-s agvistos. dRes
gaTenebisas Reneral-maiori arcu-Cermoevi
ramdenime darCeulis kaciT cxenosanis
jaridam, CeCnebiTa da niJegorodis dragunebis
SemweobiT daeca osmalos jaris mowinave
banaks subbotanaSi, as kacamde moukla, 27
tyveT daiWira, banakis ufrosi reSiTbei
Seipyra, 30 cxeni da mravali Tof-iaraRi
waarTva da mSvidobiT mobrunda ukanve.
i v er i a# 24. 7
sapolitiko mimoxilva
inglisis parlamentSi erTma deputatma hkiTxa mTavrobas_hsufevs raime pir-Sekruloba ruseTisa, avstriisa da germaniis Soris osmaleTis ganawilebis Taobazed Tu arao. ministrma upasuxa, rom mTavrobam am sagnis Sesaxeb ara icis rao. gulwrfelia es pasuxi Tu ara, ra mogaxsenoT, magram zemoxsenebuli kiTxva ki rom safuZvliania, amazed ki eWvi, vgonebT, ar unda iyos. marTlada avstri-vengriis mTavroba, rogorc uwinac moxsenebuli iyo, rogorRac ucnaurad iqceva. erTis mxriT ruseTis winaaRmdeg mitingis neba misca vengrielebs; meores mxriT, rodesac deputaciam am mitingis mier miRebuli gardawyvetileba warudgina mTavrobas, mTa-vrobam araviTari mtkice pasuxi ar miugo, TiTqo moerida ara wamcdes rao. garda amisa slavianebsac nebas aZlevs mitingebi gamarTon ruseTisadmi TanagrZnobis gamosacxadeblad, magaliT kroaciaSi. marTalia xorvatebma ufro Tavisi sakuTari saqmisadi da avstriis imperatorisadmi aRiares TanagrZnoba, xolo rac unda iyos kroacia ki maradi mteria vengriisa da aqaurs mitingSi bevri cxari sityva iyo Tqmuli vengrielebzed, da bevri TanagrZnoba iyo aRiarebuli ruseTisadmi awindel omianobisgamo. axla modiT da gaigeT avstriis politika. garda amisa avstriis mTavrobam aukrZala galiciis poliakebs mitingis gamarTva, romelic ruseTis winaaRmdeg unda yofiliyo.
germaniis Sesaxeb ismis rom misi mTavroba TiTqmis winaaRmdegi ar aris, samxreTis sla-vianTa saxelmwifoebis daarsebisa, da TiTqo avstriasTvisac daejerebinos, rom es garemoeba arc Sen gavnebso. iqneba marTla osmaleTis bedi winaTve iyos gardawyvetili? amis mtkice pasuxi rasakvrivelia Zneli saqmea da gazeTebma rac unda iyviron viTom da viciT rameo, mainc vidre saqmiT ara gamoCndeba ra, maTi dRes erTi da xval meore laparaki fuWia.
_ amas winad ruminiis gareSe saqmeTa ministri kogalniCano venaSi iyo im ganzraxviT, rom avstria daeyolebina ruminiis politikis
Sesaxeb. avstriaSi, saxeldobr vengriaSi, ru-minielTa ricxvi sam milionamde adis, TiTqmis imdenia, ramdenic TviTon ruminiaSi scxovrobs. rodesac ruminiam Tavisi damoukidebloba gamoucxada avstri-vengrias fiqrs mieca,_am garemoebam Cemi ruminielebi ar amiSFfoToso da Tavisufalma ruminiam Tavisken ar miizidoso. ruminia, rasakvirvelia, scdilobs daimegobros avstria, da am ganzraxviT wasula venas kogalniCano, romelsac am sagnis Sesaxeb Semdegi uTqvams `СѢверный ВѢстникъ~ korrespondentisaTvis: `avstria darwmunebuli unda iyos Cven gulwrfelobazed da gul-marTlobazed. Cven rom areuloba gvindodes (avstriaSi) transilvaniaSi ociaTass kacs davayenebdiT Tof-qveS....raRac moZraobac da-iwyes magram Cven SevayeneT. SemdegSiac ase iqneba. Tavisufali ruminia mxolod zneobiT Seeweva im ruminielT, romelnic vengrebis xelSi arian. exla isini Sewuxebulni arian, magram vengrielebi dainaxven, rom maTTvis Tavisuflebis miniWeba aucileblad saWiroa, da imave Tavisufal cxovrebas mianiWeben, rogoric ruminiaSia. garda amisa, ra SiSi unda gvqondes vengriisa ruminebisaTvis. madiarebi ver Sesvamen ruminelebs. ruminelebi ufro Sromis moyvareni, ufro baraqiani da gamamzogvelni arian vidre vengrebi. vengrielebis mamuli sul ruminebis xelSi cviva.~
cnobis Rirsia agreTve kogalniCanos azri rusebisa da ruminebis urTi-erTobazed. kogalniCanom zemoxsenebul korrespondets uTxra Semdegi: `1853 wlis aqeT Tqven mxedrobas gasaocari cvlileba daetyo. Znelada scnobs kaci jaris kacsa Tu aficers. jari sazogadoT, fxizeli, mSvidi da patiosania maRali xarisxis aficerTa Soris orgvari mimarTulebaa. axalgazdebs Zalian moewonaT Cveni Sinaoba, sadac naxes didi Tavisufleba, naxes, rom yoveli kaci mamulis Svilia da ficxad misdevs warmatebas. am axalgazda mimarTulebis Tqveni aficrebi pativsa hscemen Cven wesierebas, Cven gazeTebs kiTxuloben, wignebs yiduloben da scdiloben isargeblon miT, rac mosawonia....magram amaT garda Zvelis drois mimdevarnic
i v er i a8 # 24.
arian. amaT hgoniaT, rom ruminia, iseTi xma amouRebeli mazraa, rogoric iyo 1853 w. amaT hgoniaT, rom SeuZlianT mxedrulad ibatonon CvenSi. magram exla dainaxes, rom yovel maT brZanebas~ winaaRmdegoba mosdevs. tkbilad da megobrulad Cven yvelani mogyvebiT, da amas da vamtkiceT kidec~.
_ mak-magons mZlavri mocile hyavs, safrangeTSi, e. i. tieri. mTavroba bevrsa cdilobda, rom misi saxelis xsenebac ar yofiliyo safrangeTSi, didi imedi hqonda tieris sikvdilisa, magram tieri cocxalic aris da sapolitiko aspareszedac gamodis, da miT Tvalsa hsWris awindels mTavrobas. exla safrangeTi nel-nela arCevanisaTvis emzadeba da TviTveuls adgils Tav-Tavisi kandidatebi gamohyavT. 24 mkaTaTves (5 agvistos) tieri lil-adabs wasula da erTs sapolitiko yrilobas daswrebia sadac erTs kandidatzed, uf. senarzed yofila laparaki. xalxi didis aRtacebiT mihgebebia tiers, romelsac yrilobaSi Sem-degi uTqvams uf. senaris sasargeblod: Tqven giWirT, imisTana warmomadgeneli, romelsac mtkiced da bejiTad swamdes Tavisufali azri da hqondes WeSmariti rwmena. ai magisTana kaci Cemi megobari uf. senariao. mevaro misis yofa-cxovrebis mowame rogorc igia Cemis yofa-cxovrebisao. me minaxavso igi 1848 wlis krebaSi, sadac iqceoda rogorc raindi da yvelas Seayvara Tavisi Tavio. mas arasdros azradac ar mosvlia, rom wesiereba da Tavisufleba urTi-erTis mteriao; igi erTs meorisagan ar arCevs. Tumca Cven zogjer sxva da sxva azri gvqoniao maszed Tu ra gvari mmarTvelobaa safrangeTis Sesaferio, magram am Jamad me uf. senaris Tanxmad mgonia, rom safrangeTSi mxolod respublikaa SesaZlebelio. uf. senari am Jamad igiveao, rogorc adrev iyo _ zomieri respublikelio me movxucdio da exla respublikis saqme Tqvenzed aris mondobilio.
didi taSis kvra da aRtaceba mohyva tieris sityvas.
uf. senarmac gaduxada magieri tiersa, romelsac didi qeba Seasxa. Tavisi sityva awindels mTavrobasac mihmarTa da cxared
ganhkicxa mTavroba. msmenelTa taSis kvra mohyva amis sityvasac. bolos uf. senarma sTqva Semdegi: `yovel amomrCevels Tofis magivrad kenWi uWiravs xelSi. ai saidgan warmosdgeba is mSvidobianoba, romlis darRvevas amaod cdilobs mTavroba.
mTavrobas, rasakvirvelia, verafrad eWaSnikeba am gvari tierisadmi Tayvanis cema, da misi momxre gazeTebi dRe mudam tierisaTvis sawyens werilebs hbeWvden.
_ jer omianoba arc ki iyo dawyobili, ambobdnen, rom ruseTs erTi momxre moematebao_
sparseTi, romelic osmalos sazRvarzed oc-da-aTi aTass jaris kacs gamoiyvanso. es imedi, rogorc mogexsenebaT ar gamarTlda. ai amis Sesaxeb ras iwereba sparseTidam Indépendence Belge-is korrespodenti: ̀ marTalia sparseTi ar aris meomari saxelmwifo da masTan zavi arc erTsa da arc meores meomars SesaniSnav Semweobas ver miscems. magram es zavi miT aris sasargeblo, rom sparseTi Tavis sazRvarzed an erTs saxelmwifos (ruseTs) an meores (osmaleTs) mters dauyenebda. rusis diplomatiam yoveli RonisZieba ixmara, rom sparseTTan zavi Saekra. ruseTs didi imedi hqonda sparseTTan zavis Sekvrisa da ai rad: Tumca sparselebic mahmadianni arian, magram eseni da osmalebi sxva da sxva moZRvrebisani arian da amis gamo maT Soris mtroba hsufevs; garda amisa sparseTisa da osmaleTis Soris didi xania raRac uTanxmobaa sazRvris Sesaxeb, romelic mtkiced ar aris maT Soris dadgenili. am sazRvarzed elis-xalxi cxovrobs romelic xan iqiT gadadis xan aqeT da am siarulSi SfoTsa hbadavs orTa saxelmwifoTa Soris.
magram meores mxriT sparseTs bevri mizezi aqvs, rom ar endos ruseTs, radganac ruseTi aziisaken miiwevs da amis gamo yovel RonisZiebas xmarobs, rom sparseTi ar gaZlierdes.
garda amisa kidev sxva safuZvelic aris, romlis ZaliT ver miemxroba sparseTi ruseTs: rac unda iyos osmaleTi da sparseTi ornive mahmadianni arian da orTaves sarwmunoebis deda-boZi igive mahmadia. mahmadianT winaaRmdegi zavi (ruseTTan) TviT sparseTis xalxs aajanyebda da
i v er i a# 24. 9
___________*) “iveria” # 19, 23.
TviTon SahisaTvis did gansacdels moaswavebda.~erTis sityviT zemoxsenebuli imedi uqmad
gamodga da iqneba amis mizeziTac baiazeTisaken ruseTis saqme ise cudaT wavida.
_ erTs avstriis gazeTs stambolidam sweren, rom sparseTis elCs Seutyobinebia osmaleTis mTavrobisaTvis, rom baRdadis axlo jari mxolod varjiSobisaTvis aris mogrovilio da sparseTis mTavroba, rogorc adrev isec exla, megobrulis grZnobiT aris aRsavse osmanebis STamomavlobisadmio.
_ amas winad germaniisa da avstriis impe-ratorebs erTi-erTmaneTi unaxavT iSlSi. avstriisa da germaniis gazeTebi did mniSv-nelobas aZleven am SemTxvevas. ai magaliTebr ras ambobs erTi nemencuri gazeTi, romelic bismarkis momxrea: `germaniisa da avstri-vengriis xalxni mowameni iyvnen orTa impe-ratorTa guliTadis megobrobisa, romelmac Tavi iCina mSveniers alpiis xeobaSi. monarxTa musaifi, rasakvirvelia, evropiis sapolitiko saqmeebsac Seexeboda. es musaifi rasakvirvelia daamtkicebda im megobrobas, romelic Tan da Tan Zlierdeba orTa monarxTa da maTTa mTavrobaTa Soris, da agreTve saerTod samTa imperiis Soris, da romelic aris da SemdegSiac darCeba Sua evropiis mSvidobianobis niSnad.
_ inglisis parlamentis sessia gaTavda, da amis Taobazed wakiTxul iqmna dedufalis sityva, romelSiac Semdegia gamoxatuli: me msurs mtkice neitralitetiT yofna SemdegSiac, da rodesac dro mova omianobis Sewyvetisa, yovel RonisRiebas vixmar, rom morigebis pirobebi Sesaferni iyvnen rogorc mebrZolTa RirsebisaTvis, agreTve evropiis mSvidobianobisaTvis. Tu inglisis uflebas mieca SiSi, me imedi maqvs, rom parlamenti Semweobas momcems im uflebis dasacvelad.
_ burJSi xom mxurvaled dauxvdnen mak-magons, da exla respublikis prezidenti sxva adgilebSiac apirebs mogzaurobas.
m g z a v r i s w e r i l e b i
svaneTzed
(Semdegi *)
svaneTi aris mTlaT gacalkevebuli kuTxe saqarTveloisa, da TiTqmis gamoricxulia sxva kavkasiis dasaxlebulis adgilebidam; misvla am qveyanaSi SeiZleba mxolod mokle zafxuls, mkaTaTveSi da mariamobisTveSi; da sxva aTis Tvis ganmavlobaSi, es qveyana aris TovliT daketili mgzavrisaTvis da TviT qveyanac am dros dafarulia saSinelis Rrma TovliT; zamTarSi es qveyana_miukarebelia. svanebi, jer-jerobiT CvenTvis Zneli sacnobi xalxia; magaTzed Cven TiTqmis ara viciT ra; maTi ena, maTi Camomavloba, maTi sarwmunoeba da zneoba Cven jer ara gvaqvs gacnobili. saqarTvelos mematianeni da agreTve samZRvar-gareTeli mTxrobelni, romelTac kavkasiis xalxi auweriaT, svanebzed, iseTs mcireds rasme amboben, rom Cven mainc eWvidam ver gamogviyvanes. maTi Camomavlobac jer auxsneli rCeba CvenTvis. zogierTni amboben, rom svanebi_qarTvelebis Camomavlobisani arian; sxvani ki am hazrs ar eTanxmebian, da am saganzed arasfers ar amboben. pirveli hazrisa aris me XVII saukunis mematiane_ierusalimis patriarqosi `dosifei~ da `Sardeni~ da me-XVIII saukunis mTxrobeli `holdenStedti;~ da axali mwerlebi_`klaproti~ da `diubua-de-monpere;~ da umetesi nawili exlandelis mecnierebisa, am hazrisani ar arian; magram, pirveli hazris darRveva_Znelia: pirvel Sexe-dulobiT, svani calke tomis xalxaT gveCveneba xolme, romelTac qarTvelebTan araviTari erToba ara aqvs. magram am gvaris kacis Sexe-dulobiT, megrelebic ase eCvenebian xolme, Tumca megrelebs qarTvelebidam_Camomavloba, verafris RonisZiebiT ver waerTmevaT. svanebi arian, calke Sto, megreliis tomisa; uwindeli maTi saxeli aris `xoni,~ `wani,~ romelic gamodis qarTuli sityvidam_`Wani.~ am sityviT qarTvelebi eZaxian_`lazebs.~ nemencebis mec-
i v er i a10 # 24.
nieri `eixvaldi,~ ambobs, rom_svanebi da lazebi erTi da igive tomisa ariano. svanuri ena, Tumca arc qarTuls enasa hgavs da arc megrulsa, magram TiTqmis yoveli sityva, aris gadasxvaferili da gadakeTebuli qarTuli da megruli sityvebi. am mizeziT svanebi da megrelebic, mokle xanSi, advilaT swavloben qarTuls enas da gamoTqmas. svanebis garegani Sexeduleba miemzgavseba saqarTvelos mTiul xalxs. cxovrebis wesi svanebisa, maTi Cveuleba, sazogado zne, wmindaT qarTvelebisa aris. umetesi nawili svanur soflebis saxelebi, aris gadasxvaferebuli qarTuli sityvebi; maTi gvarovnobis saxelebSiac_qarTuli kilo sCans. exlandeli saxeli `svaneTi,~ aris qarTuli sityva `savane~ anu `savaneTi,~ ese igi_adgili misamarTi, Tavis-Sesaferebeli. Cven ki vfiqrobT, rom es saxeli `svaneTi~ qarTuli sityvidam `Sua,~ `Suani,~ gamovida; `SuaneTi,~ ese igi qveyana_Sua xalxisa. saqarTvelos istoria, erTs adgils gviCvenebs, rom Tamar-mefis mamis dros, qarTveli mematianeni, saqarTvelos Svid nawilaTa hyofnidnen, imitom rom Svidi, qarTvelis xalxiT dasaxlebuli cal-calke mazrebi iricxeboda. am Svid mazraSi, svaneTic iricxeboda, romelic maSin mrTel saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi_SuagulSi iyo da saxelmwifos samzRvari maSin, exlandels `feodosiis~ iqiT gadadioda, yirimSi. mravali marTl-madidebeli ekklesiebi da saxtrebi, xatebi qarTuli warwerilobiTa, romelic svaneTSi imyofeba, da mravali qarTuli wignebi romelic iq naxes, amtkicebs, rom svaneTisa da saqarTvelos xalxi, erTi da igive xalxi iyo. marTlac, rom ris gulisaTvis, qarTvelebma amdeni ekklesiebis Senoba dasdges svaneTSi, amdeni simdidre wignebisa miitanes iqa, Tu rom erT da igive xalxi ar yofiliyo, erTi da igive hazrisa da erTs mrTels xalxs ar warmoadgenda?_
pirvelad svaneTis ambavi gaiges samis saukunis winaT, qristes Sobidan, pirvels saqarTvelos xelmwifis farnaozis dros svaneTzed ambavi aris moxsenebuli vizantiis mematianebis werilebSi, romaelTac romaelebisa da sparselebis brZola aRweres, lazikis gulisaTvis me V
da me VI, saukunoebSi. egeni svanebs eZaxian `soani~, romelnic `dioskuriis~ maxloblad scxovrebdnen da kavkasiis mTebis zemo-mxare eWiraT. es mematianeni amboben kidev, rom es `sioni,~ sparselebs exmarebodnen romaelebis damarcxebisaTvis, da viTamc egeni iyvnen mizezi romaelebis da sparselebis brZolisa, da egeni iyvnen maTi momrigebelnio.
svaneTi mdebarebs mTa `ialbuzis~ Ziras, misi aRmosavleTis mxares, mdinare `engurisa~ da `cxeni-wylis~ saTaveebSi. svaneTi sam nawilad ganiyofeba, bunebiTis samzRvrebiTa, didi mTebis serebiT da gagiJebul mdinareebiT. ganiyofeba:_`sadadiano svaneTzed,~ romelic megreliis mTavars ekuTvnoda;_`saTavado svaneTzed,~ romelic Tavad dadeSkelianebs ekuTvnoda;_da `Tavisufal svaneTzed,~ romelic aravis ar ekuTnoda, mxolod Tavis mbrZanebelaT svanebi Tamar-dedofalsa hscnobdnen, romelic hmefobda me XIII saukunis dasawyisSi, da exla ki, cot-cotaT `Tavisufali svaneTi~hscnobs adgilobriv mTavrobis pirebs; magram mainc jerac Zveleburi kilo Tavisuflebisa xan da xan gamoaCndebaT xolme. es qveyana ekuTvnis quTaisis Rubernias, da leCxumis uezdis mazraSi iricxeba; da radganac svaneTi quTaisidam Zalian Sors aris, da agreTve leCxumis uezdis upravleniidam, lailaSidam, svaneTi aris Caricxuli calke sapristavOoT, romlis pristavs mniSvneloba uezdis naCalnikisa aqvs.
svaneTis hava-gansxvavebulia; `saTavado svaneTi~ mdebarebs sami aTas futzed maRla Sav zRvazed; da amisTvis aqa hava zomieria, saSualia; aqa TiTqmis yovelgan dasavleTis mcenare kargaTa hxeirobs. `Tavisufal sva-neTSi,~ radganac SigniT-mTebSi mdebarebs, hava, sastikia, WoTuria; da zogierTs moSorebuls soflebSi hava_wminda civi CrdiloeTisaa. aqa umetesad amodis_fiWvi da aryi; mxolod marto qeri modis am qveyanaSi; zamTari iwyoba enkenisTveSi. Cems saubeduroT, me Tan barometri ara mqonda, rom simaRlis gamoangariSeba SemZleboda, magram gabedviT vityvi, da Semcdari ar viqnebi, rom `Tavisufali svaneTi~
i v er i a# 24. 11
mdebarebs, ara-nakleb, Svidi aTas futzed maRla Sav zRvazed. yovels mxares, saca Tvali gadaswvdeboda, ese igi `Tavisufal svaneTis~ Rorizonti, dafaruli aris zavTianis mTebiTa da kldeebiTa, mudamis TovliT savse. erTi sityviT mTeli `Tavisufali svaneTi~ warmoadgens dids da uSvelebels qvabs, ro-melsac ZirSi ori viwro xvreli aqvs, romliTac mimdinaroben mdinareebi `enguri,~ Savi zRvisaken, da `cxenis-wyali,~ rionisaken. svaneTis mdinareebis xasiaTi sruliad ara hgavs sxva kavkasiis mTis mdinareebis xasiaTsa; umetes nawils am mdinareebisas, saTaveebi Sig Tovlis ZirebSi aqvs, da iseTi civi wylebia, rom me reomuris termometriT Sevitye, rom SuaTana siTbo am wylebsa aqvs 6 1/2 gradusi. es wylebi warmoadgenen Zalian viwro, or saJenidam xuTamdis, viwro gasavals da dids siRrmes. TiTqmis yovelgan am mdinareebis wylis pirebi maRldebian 50_100 saJenzed; da napirebi kldis javariani qvisa arian da aspitisa da mZafri Sexeduleba aqvsT. am mdinareebze saSineli ram da mrisxane ara iqneba ra; maTi kalapoti Zalian Seviwroebulia; maTi mimdinaroba_Cqaria; wyals asdis didi qafi da oxSivari; duRs wyali da mTebis da kldeebis gulsa didis ZaliTa xvrets, wam da uwum am SromaSi SeCerdebian xolme, da isev uceb ganierSi, saSinelis xmiT gavardebian! maT xmas mTanic da kldenic_xmas aZleven_ase rom daayrueben kacsa. am mizeziT svaneTis wylebs foni arsad ara aqvs. axlo-maxlo mTebzed, yovelnairis mcenaris sicocxle ara aCnevia ra. aqa, arc gareuli mfrinvelia da arcara-ra nadiri. Zalian iSviaTad, riJraJzed, mTis wveroebzed gamoCndeba jixvis jogi, civ wyarosTan mimavali da mfrTxili maTi monadire, magaTTan mimparavi, da sxva araferi sicocxle ara sCans ra. mdinareebisa da sxva wylebis gadidebis dros Cveulebrivi gza miukarebelia svanebisaTvis da mTis wveroebzed da qedzed daideben xolme am dros bilikebs. Tavis soflebisaken sxva mezobels xalxTan SeerTeba svanebisa TiTqmis erTi da igivea; gansxvaveba ara aqvs ra mezoblebTan: qabardoelebTan,
imerlebTan, leCxumlebTan, raWvelebTan da sxva mTis xalxTan. imereTisaken midis ramdenime bilika-gza, mTis gardasavlebze, mTa `leSnulisa~ da mTa `lailazed;~ `latfaris~ mTazed Camodis oTxi bilika, `sadadiano svaneTisaken,~ soflebSi: ̀ lentexs,~ ̀ Wolurs,~ lidJas~ *) da `laSxeTs;~ da aqedgan midis mxolod erTi sazogado gza, sofels `murzed~ cxenis-wylis xeobaSi, sofels `orbelzed~_
lailaSisaken, mdinare lajanuras xeobiT. es mTis gardasavlebi sul aTi-aTas futzed maRldebian. am mTis gardasavlebis garegani Sexeduleba da warmodgenili suraTebi, zeviT movixsenieT kidec. mxolod gambedavi svani zamTarSi gahbedavs am gziT gardmosvlas da amisTvis usaTuoT ̀ Txelamurebi~ unda gaikeTos fexebze da grZeli kaviani Subebi eWiros, romelsac svanebi zamTarSi, mindvrebSiac ar iSoreben. magram amisTana gafrTxilebiT, mainc mowmendils dResa hbedavs gzaSi wasvlas; magram zamTarSi ki mowmendili dReebi xom, iSviaTia.
SigniTs svaneTSi, Cven bevri sxva da sxva nairi xidebi da bogirebi gaviareT, saSinels gagiJebuls mdinareebzed da wylebzed gada-gdebuli. es namdvili eSmakis xidebi, arian gakeTebuli oris lastisa da fiCxiT dawnili; moajiri srulebiYT ara aqvs, da ise idrikebian mgzavrs qveS, rom qanaobas daiwyeben xolme. fiCxis nawnavebs Sua sCans, qveSa-mRelavi mdi-nare. Cven TiTo-TiToT gadavdiodiT, da aba vis ar SeaTrTolebda am gvari xidi!? am xidebze cxenebic, saTiTavoT gahyavT, ise rom erT svans cxeni aRviriT win mihyavs da meores ki cxenis kudi uWiravs xolme da ise gaiyvanen xolme meore napirasa. soflebsa da soflebs Sua, ukmayofilebis gamoisobiT, am xidebs moSlian xolme da miTi mospoben yovels RonisZiebas erT napiridam _ meorezed gadasvlisaTvis. ___________
*) svanuris enis gamoTqmaSi aris xma, romelic rusulis anbanSi gamoixateba asoTi “ы,” Ta; ase rom “lidJa” ki ara, unda “lыdJa;” “adiSba” ki ara, unda “adыSba;” bevri sityvebia am xmiTa, romelic qarTulaT ver daiwereba; svanuriTac ar iwereba amitom rom, svanebs Tavisi werili ara aqvsT.
i v er i a12 # 24.
svanebi, Tu miukarebels adgilebSi TavisaTvis bilikebsa sdeben,_sxva gvari da ukeTesi gza aqa, ara aqvT. svaneTis gzebis siZnele, advilad ver gamoixateba; jer gza adis cxra, anu aTi-aTas futzed maRla mTebzed, mermed uceb daeSveba xolme pir-da-pir wylebTan da mdinareebTan, an viwro xeobebSi Cadis, xan Sig soflis Senobebs Sua midis svanebis karmidamoebSi, ise rom mgzavrs advilaT SeuZlian gzidam svanis saxlSi buxaridam, Caixedos; xan midis gza da romelime alayafis-karebs miadgeba; maSin karga xani unda, rom alayafi-karebis patroni daiyolios mgzavrma da gaaRebinos, rom gasvla SaeZlos. es gzebi cxadaTa sCanan tyians adgilebSi, saca gzis orive gverdzed tye cotaTi gaCexilia da zogan moajirebic aqvs, rom mgzavri sadme xramSi ar gadaiCexos; sxva adgilebSi ki es gzebi an sruliad ara sCanan, an ara da safexurebs warmoadgenen, kibesaviT. Zalian SeCveva unda mgzavrsa amisTana gzebTan, rom am mravals da areuls mTebSi kvali ar daekargos, da iqiTken daiWiros Tavisi mgzavroba saiTkenac unda wasvla. amisTana gzebze mxolod jori vargobs, Tavisi frTxilis siarulis mizeziT da ara cxeni; amitomac svaneTSi jori cxenzed erTi orad fasobs. mgzavri aqa, yovels wams moelis Tavisi-Tavis gadaCexas, viwro bilikebzed mimavali, romelnic saSinels simaRlidam mdinareebs da xramebs da Releebs gadahyureben.
mdinare `enguris~ da `cxenis-wylis~ xeo-bebma Cems gonebas Cahnerges dauviwyari grZnoba; mravali da maRali, erTad areuli tyiani mTebi, Cven gars iyvnen Semortymuli; siviwroebisagan_sunTqva gveZneleboda; Cven viyaviT, viTamc, raime Rrma ormoSi Cavardnili, saidamac sCanda viwro zoli wminda cisferi-zecisa. haeri mudamis sibnelisagan; mze aqa-iq gadmohxedams xolme da isic mokle xansa. metis-metad sagrZnobeli iyo_iqauri bneli Rame; xeobaSi aris saSineli Tvalis-saTxreli sibnele; mxolod naTeli varskvlavebis zoli sCans mgzavrisaTvis. bneli da Savi mTebis gamoxatuloba ikargeba mrTels Ramis sibneleSi; amas unda daumatoT mTis nisli
da quxili tyeebisa da gagiJebulis wylebisa. engurisa da cxenis-wylisa, romelTac iseTi quxili asdis, rom daRaluli mgzavri _ mo-svenebas vera hpoulobs, gaCaRebuls cecxlTan miwolili, romelsac xSirad mosdis is grZnoba, rom adamianis Zala da Rone sul fuWia amisTana bnel bunebasTan! es xeobebi erT da imave dros Seicaven raRaca sinazes, sitkbos, sialerses mgzavrisaTvisa, da am drosve_mo-Wmunxvilobas, saSiSars raRac grZnobas! aqa, patara, wvrili, uRono_SeuerTda_simZlavres, sidides da zaxians! eseTia buneba am xeobebSi!
svaneTis mTebs aqvs sxva da sxva Sexeduloba; zogierTi serebi pir-da-pir mudamis Tovlis zolSi Sedian, da arian bunebiT mravalis wylebis saTaveebTan. yvelaze maRla, Tavi amohyo `beCos~ mTama, romelic svaneTis yovelis kuTxidama sCans; da TiTqmis yovels mTas, Camosdis wylebi, romelnic an engurs, an cxeni-wyals erTvian; saSinelis xmiTa, quxiliTa, ase rom orma molaparake kacma unda iyviron, rom erTmaneTs sityva gaagebinon.
zafxuli svaneTSi mxolod or Tve-naxevars aris; da svanebs ki Turme codvaT miaCnianT muSaoba ara Tu kvira dResa, aramed paraskevsa da SafaTsac. am gvarive Cveuleba imerlebsac aqvs, magram imereTSi mudam_zafxulia da svaneTSi ki mudam _ zamTari. am gvarive Cveuleba qarTvelebSiac aris, saca paraskeobiT miwas ar muSaoben; magram svaneTSi rom SafaTsac ar muSaoben, ra mizezia, Cven veravin ver agvixsna. mgonia rom, svanebma es Cveuleba uriebisagan gadaiRes, romelnic iq Turme bevrni yofilan, da calke soflebSi arian dasaxlebuli, magaliTad `lentexi,~ `mulaxi~ da `xalde~ sul zogi gaqristianebul uriebiT aris dasaxlebuli da zogi namdvil uriebiTa. svanebs am soflebis xalxTan kavSiri ara aqvsGT ra, da magaTSua yovelTvis ukmayofileba da usiamovneba hmefobs.
(Semdegi iqneba)
kote sanineli.
i v er i a# 24. 13
___________*) iveria ## 19, 21 22 da 23.
brZola romis dasapyroblad
(Semdegi) *)
i t a l i a
amalasvintas gulzed moeSva da
Tavisuflad amoisunTqa. magrm isev male
gaitaca raRac mousvenarma grZnobam SiSisam;
sazareli fiqrebi moesiva; mas warmoudga
Tvalwin is codvani da danaSaulobani,
romelnic moexdina im cota xanSi rac
deduflad iyo; nametnavad man mohgvara
JrJola, rom moagonda viT moakvlevina
sami goTTa hercogi baltis gvareulobisa,
romelnic amalasvintis gvareulobis mterni
iyvnen.
amalasvintas eCveneboda xolme, rom viTom
ukan mdevari mosdevs; viTomc cxenebis Tqafa-
Tqufic esmis, viTomc viRaca kacebsaca xeda-
vs, romelnic kvalzed mosdeven, magram de-
liosi arwmunebda, araferi ambavi ar ariso.
Ramem am yofiT gaiara. iriJraJa Tu ara,
mividnen tbis piras, tbazed jer kidev Ramis
nisli ido. marjvniv mebaduris dabali qoxi
iyo. deliosi qoxSi Sevida. ramdensame wuTs
Semdeg ukuv moiqca, amalasvinta etlidam
gadmoiyvana da waiyvana tbis piras, saca
patara mebaduris navi iyo dabmuli.
navSi ijda erTi beri-kaci; ise uZravad
gaeStera Tvalebi, TiTqo Rrma fiqrebSia
Cavardnilao.
_ delios, SehsZaxa amalasvintam: jer kidev
bnela da es beri-kaci am nislSi rogor
gaigebs gzas?
_ sinaTle veras uSvelis amas, dedufalo,
miugo deliosma: eg kaci brma aris.
_ brmao? hsTqva SeSinebiT amalasvintam:
ukan moabrune navi, navidam gamovalT.
_ es oci weliwadia sul am gzazed davdivar,
miugo beri-kacma: me es gza Tvalxilulzed
ufro kargad vici.
_ dabadebiT xar egre brmad?
_ ara, Teodorixma, amelungebis gvareu-
lobisam ubZana Cemi Tvalebis daTxra. ai
wyevla da qoqva amelungebs!
TrToliT da kankaliT iyureboda aqeT-
iqiT amalasvinta. mas ase eCvena, rom TiTqo
xarons mihyavdes igi aCrdilTa samefoSi.
navi ki TavisTvis Cqara midioda. ai erTxelac
mousva berma-kacma niCabi da navi daniSnuls
adgils mivida da Sedga.
amalasvinta deliossis mklavzed ebjina
da ise avida kldeSi gamokveTil kibezeda.
es kibe kassiadoris agarakSi asasvleli kibe
iyo. aseTi nisli iyo, rom nislis gamo agarakis
gareSemo xeebsac ki kaci ver arCevda.
bolos miadgnen maRals Wiis karebs
bronzisas. deliosma xlmis tariT daarakuna
kari, karma Wriali daiwyo da karebSi moadga
erTi viRac kaci saSiSar Tvalebiani da
WaRara TmaaburZgnuli.
amalasvintas moagonda, rom iyo dro roca
Tvisis qrmiT Semoadga fexi Wiis karebSi, win
moegeba alersianad axal-gazda mekare da
misi coli locviTa da kurTxeviTa.
_ fuSina sad aris? ikiTxa man: aq aris
kidev?
_ igi didi xania tbaSi daixrCo, upasuxa gul
grilad mekarem da wauZRva win sasaxlisaken.
sasaxle dacarielebuli iyo, TiTqo aqa
mcxovrebni sul amowyvetilano.
_ maS aRaravin ar hscxovrobs? hkiTxa
amalasvintam mekares:_me moaxle minda.
_ Cemi coli gemsaxureba.
_ sxva aris vinme kidev saxlSi?
_ diaR, aris erTi yma-kaci, mkurnali
berZeni.
i v er i a14 # 24.
_ mkurnali, me minda imisTvis...
am dros Wiis karidam Zlieri rakuni moisma
da am xmam yrud moirbina mTeli sasaxle.
_es ras niSnavs? ikiTxa SeSinebulma
amalasvintam.
_ usaTuod Semosvla unda vismes, miugo
mekarem da mixura karebi amalasvintisaTvis
momzadebulis oTaxisa.
nestiani haeri didis xniT gauRebelis
sadgurisa eca amalasvintas piris saxezed.
man mRelvarebiT Seamcniva, rom es oTaxi
is oTaxia, romelSiac igi hscxovrebda
am ocis wlis winad. man daiTxova Tvisni
mxlebelni, daeca sarecelzed da male
mouvida Zili, magram sazaro sizmrebma
mosveneba ar mihsces. Cveneba erTi meoresa
hscvlida. xan moeCveneboda misi qmari
evtarixi Tavisis daWrilis tuCiTa. xan misi
Svili, kuboSi mwolare, xan qali, romelic
sayveduriT savses TvaliT iyureboda, xan
Tval win warmoudgebobnen samni hercogni
gafiTrebulis saxiTa da sisxlSi mosvrilis
tanisamosiTa da xan usinaTlo menave WaRara-
TmiTa.
amalasvinta gul gadafiTrebuli wamo-
xta. fardas ukan raRAac daiZra, kedelzed
Crdilma gaiara. amalasvintam mimoixeda,
ara vin iyo; mivarda, xeli daaWira raRac
balTasa, CaquCma dahkra da oTaxSi Semovida
mosamsaxure. es iyo mkurnali. amalasvintam
Tvisi SiSi uambo mkurnalma auxsna, rom
mgzavrobas dauRalavxarT da imisagan
ariso; urCia Tbilis abanos miReba da
gavida, rom amisTvis saWiro gamkarguleba
moaxdinos.
imis gasvlis umal Semovida gogo da Tan
Semoitana TeTreuli da yovelive iaraRi
abanosi. amasvinta gahyva gogosa. orive
xma amouRebliv midiodnen. roca mividnen
maRal burjTa san, ca abano iyo, gogom gaaRo
kari marmarilos kedlisa. Sevidnen Sig
da daxvdaT daxuruli moajiri auzebis
gareSemo. auzebidam amodioda Tbili da
surneliani orTqli.
rva kuTxiani abanos oTaxi or sar-
Tulad iyo gayofili rkinis ficriTa,
romelic qvemo sarTulisaTvis Weri iyo da
zemosaTvis Ziri. qvemo sarTuli daniSnuli
iyo civis wylis abanosaTvis da amis gamo
tbis wyali milebiT Semodioda. roca
undodaT Waxraks moswevdnen da is rkinis
Weri orad gadiSleboda da es abanos
oTaxi Seiqmneboda erT oTaxad, romelsac
mTelis burjis simaRle hqonda da romelic
SesaZlo iyo tbis wyliT Ziridam Tavamde
avsebuliyo. Cveulebriv ki zemo sarTulSi
Tbils abanos marTavdnen xolme, amisaTvis
kedlebzed mravali milebi iyo gayvanili.
SuaSi auzi iyo, romelSiac moajiridam
marmarilos kibe Cadioda, metad mosax-
denad gakeTebuli,
sinaTle Weridam Camodioda. Semosavlis
karis pirdapir, maRla baqanze kibe adioda
Wandris xisagan gakeTebuli. am baqanidam
SesaZlo iyo kaci wyalSi Camxtariyo.
gogom xma amouRebliv abanos iaraRi
daawyo lbils baliSebzed da xaliCebzed,
romliTac mofenili iyo muajiris iataki da
daapira gared gasvla.
_ Sen rogorRac mecnobi,P_neta sad
minaxvixar? hkiTxa amalasvintam gogos: didi
xania rac Sen aqa xar?
_ erTi kviraa, upasuxa da karis razas
xeli mohkida.
_ didi xania rac kassiodors emsaxurebi?
hkiTxa xelaxlad amalasvintam.
_ me dedufals godelindas vemsaxurebi.
erTi saSinelis kivilis xma moisma
i v er i a# 24. 15
amalasvintisagan; mivarda igi gogos.
kalTaSi xeli wastaca, magram ver daimagra.
gogo gaeqca da moajaxa karebi. amalasvintam
gaigo, rom karebi klitiT gadauketes.
abanodam gasasvleli sxva kari aRar iyo.
(Semdegi iqneba)
gazeTebidam amokrefili ambebi.
q. boroviCidam (novgorodis gubern.) gazeTs
НедѢля-s sweren: `22 mkaTaTves dilis aT
saaTzed Cveni qalaqi uecrad aRelvda. mazris
gamgebeli (Исправникъ), kvartalnebi da sxva
policiisa, samxedrosi da saero moxeleni,
agreTve xalxic mieSureboda rkinis gzis
sadgurisaken. etyoboda viRasac moelodnen.
es `viRacani~ iyvnen kavkasiidam gamoyvanilni
Cerqezebi. moaxlovdnen Tu ara mogzaurni
xalxSi xmauroba atyda. `es vin aris?~ `nu Tu
deda-kacia?~ _ `daxe bavSvebic arian.~ amaT
raRa daaSaves?~_ara RmerTo! daxe ra nairi
sayurebia!`_sworeT cxenis nalia....~._`Tvalebs
daxe, Tvalebs~._`imas uyure, ra Rone aqvs,
bevrs Cvenebs moereva! da sxv. mTiulTa velurma,
mamacma, Tavisufalma Sexedulobam Rrma
STabeWdileba moaxdines mayureblebzed. `ai
xalxi!~ Zala uneburad ambobdnen bevrni. jer-
jerobiT TiTqo eSinodaT da eridebodnen
mosulebsa, magram Tan da Tan Tvali miaCvies
da gaocebiT Sescqerodnen unaxav suraTs.
vagonebidam gamovidnen saldaTebi da Cerqezebs
aniSnebdnen. mamakacebs rom deda-kacebi mohyvnen,
aqlemebisaviT datvirTulni, Tavzed TeTris
xelsaxocebiT, fexebzed ganieris SalvrebiTa
da kacuris qulajiTa, mayurebelT gaocebas
sazRvari aRara hqonda. ra Rone unda hqondeT
am deda-kacebs rom amodena tvirTs uZlebeno.
mxrebzed uSvelebeli tomrebi (bavSvebisaTvis),
xelSi ZuZu-mwovarni ymawvilebi_yvela es
uSvelebels Rones moiTxovs. momsvlelTa
Soris iyvnen moxucni da axalgazrdanic. bavSvTa
simravle yvelas akvirvebda. momsvlelTa
ricxvi orasamdea. stanciidam stumrebi da
patronebi kazarmebisken wavidnen. bevrni
ise mZimed iyvnen datvirTulni, rom muxlT
ekecebodaT. zogi kidev iqceoda tvirTis qveS.
gana ar SeiZleboda cxenebi miecaT bargisaTvis
da avaTmyofebisaTvis?`
amas winad gazeTis Голосъ-is korrespondenti
iwereboda, rom novgorodSi moyvanilni mTi-
ulebi Tergisa da daRestnis mazris mcxovrebni
ariano, romelnic bolos dros ajanydneno.
gazeTi СѢверный ВѢстникъ am sagnis
Sesaxeb ambobs: `Cven jer ar viciT mTiulebi
marTla CrdiloeTis guberniebSi iqnebian
gagzavnilni Tu ara. am gvari ambebis dajereba
gveZneleba. CrdiloeTisaken gardasaxleba,
sadac saSineli civi havaa, sadaur havasa bevri
rusic ver itanS, did tanjvas uqadis kavkasiis
mcxovrebs, romelic sicxes aris miCveuli. Tu
saWiroeba moiTxovs ajanyebulT gardasaxlebas,
ruseTi ise vrcelia, rom SeiZleba ufro ukeTesi
adgili SeurCion da amisTana sastiks tanjvas
sawylebi gadaarCinon. gana ufro ar sjobs
sapolitiko saWiroebac dakmayofildes da imave
dros Tavidgan acilebuli iyos am gvari kicxva
da Zraxva, rogoric mogvayares Cven yovelis
mxriT CerqezebTa gardasaxlebis dros aTis
Tormetis wlis winad._ korrespondenti rusulis gazeTisa `Го
лосъ~ iwereba, rom ufrosi Svili Samilisa
kazimahmadi aTasis cxenosanis CerqeziTa
muxTar-faSis banakSi momxred mividao. imave
banakSi amboben, ariso ori legioni, romelTac
`vengrielT~ legionebs eZaxian, magram am
legionebSi bevri ingliseli da polakia Turme.
eseni aramc Tu Svelian muxTar-faSas mxedrobis
Дозволено цензурою. Тифлисъ, 10 Августа 1877 г. Типографiя Е. Хеладзе. redaqtori da gamomcemeli ilia WavWavaZe.
sapolitiko da saliteraturo gazeT `iveriis~ ganmeorebiTi gamocemis proeqtisa da ideis avtori,
redaqtor-gamomcemeli nugzar WiaberaSvilisaredaqcio jgufi: neli darbaiZe, nino keratiSvili, nino SavaZe, nino glunCaZe, lali goCitaSvili, Tamuna dvali,
merab dvali, akaki iobaSvili. mxatvari, buba arabuli, dizaineri laSa Cxenkeli
proeqti: iveria _ warsulSi dabruneba _ momavlis gadasarCenadproeqtis mxardamWeri saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTeka
gazeTi `iveria~ aRdgenilia, _ ganmeorebiTi gamocema dawyebulia 2011 wlis 2 agvistos
gamomcemeli Sps `sagamomcemlo saxli qarTuli elita~ saidentifikacio #404852174misamarTi: g. leoniZis 11a; tel.: (+995 32) 299 76 53; [email protected]
i v er i a16 # 24.
ganwyobaSi, aramed hscdiloben Cvens jarSi
areuloba da urigoba Camoagdon. amisaTvis egeni
Cumad kacebsa da werilebsa ugzavnian Turme Cvens
jars. roca xSiri srola dauwyes Cvenebma yarssa,
maSin Turme Cvens jarSi maTi werilebi dadioda.
am werilebSi igini iwvevdnen ruseTis mxedrobas,
miemxron osmaloebs, da wina aRudgnen rusis
mTavrobasa.
gancxadeba
eqvTime xelaZis stambaSi ibeWdeba da male
gamova samarTlis wigni qarTul enazed,
samsjavro wesdebani 20 noembris 1864
wlisa, moTave ganmartebiT, ganaCenebiT
kavkasiis departamentTa mmarTeblobiT
senatisa, Targmnili nikolooz simonis-
Zis gamrekelovis-mier.
a n g a r i S i
sabue_enislis gamsesxebel Semnaxvel amxanagobisa.
pirvels ianvars 1877 welsa iyo:
ivane rostomovi.mark stefanovi.niko konWoSvili.}mmarTvelni:
wilis fuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .nasesxi Semdeg aRebuli . . . . . . . . . .wminda mogeba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kap. kap.
12451000
120
2366
80`
95
75
gasesxebuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . daSTenili:a.) sawevro fuli tfil. saurTie- rTo ndobis sazogadoebaSi . .b.) naRd fulad . . . . . . . . . . .
2205
10061
2366
`
`
75
75s ul . . . . s ul . . . .
pirvels ianvridam 1877 welsa pirvels mkaTaTvemdin aris:
maneTi. maneTi.Se mosavali : g a s avali :
wilis fuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .sargebeli daWerili sesxobis dros anu axali vadis micemis dros . . . . .dabrunebuli nasesxi . . . . . . . . . . .jarima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .sasargeblod Semotanili fuli . . . .saTadarigo Tanxa . . . . . . . . . . . .veqsilis qaRaldisa . . . . . . . . . . .
kap. kap.
392
2582142
62321
211
5144
54
2884`
836550
64
wilis fuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . .mogeba wilze 1876 w. . . . . . . .gasesxebuli . . . . . . . . . . . .nasesxi Semdeg aRebuli . . . . . .samarTvelos xarji . . . . . . . .veqsilis qaRaldebSi . . . . . . .aReb micemisa . . . . . . . . . . . .naRd fulad aris: . . . . . . . . .
20779
35021000
273
19305
5144
`
5650`
35`
7449
64s ul . . . . s ul . . . .
maneTi. maneTi.Se mosavali : g a s avali :
22 ivliss, Cyoz w.sof. eniseli.